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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rock image'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Lindström, Håkan. "Rock property measurements using image processing." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99338.

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Shape and size of rocks are important physical characteristics of aggregates used in engineering and for interpretation of the genesis of naturally occurring sediment. Several image processing programs are available for measure the size and shape of various types of objects. The accuracy and reproducibility of results of a new imaging method and new matlab based 3D imaging program has been studied. 3D results are obtained by coupling two images of particles one of their largest and one of the smallest projected areas. The accuracy of results depends on the focal length used for imaging as well as the positioning of particles in the view field.
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2

Djouama, Mohamed Cherif. "Assessment of rock cutting and rock fragmentation by blasting using image analysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278384.

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3

Bedair, Ayman. "Digital image analysis of rock fragmentation from blasting." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40319.

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A novel digital image analysis technique to measure the size of fragments on the surface of a muck-pile is presented in this thesis. The technique takes into consideration the physical characteristics of fragment representation and measurement problems. Using an adaptive smoothing filter prior to edge detection, each fragment on the surface is represented by a group of edge segments outlining its boundaries. These segments are then grouped to form continuous contours.
A multi-layer analysis of the digital image is then formulated where fragments on the surface are grouped into three layers, each of which is categorized by global characteristics and is related to other neighbouring layers by local characteristics. These local relationships between the layers are used to approximate the missing parts of the fragment contour.
An extensive analysis of the sieving process is used in building the relationship between the shape and the size of individual fragments. Using this relation, a new multivariable measure for each fragment is developed. These measures are used in estimating the size distribution of the muck-pile and compared with other existing measurement techniques. This comparison proves the robustness of the technique developed in this thesis.
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4

Devgan, Ashutosh 1968. "Analysis of rock fragmentation using digital image processing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278195.

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The success of rock fragmentation due to blasting depends on many variables, such as rock properties, in-situ fracturing, and blast design. Traditionally, the size distribution of fragmented rock particles has been determined through screen sieving. Modern techniques using video images and computer image processing techniques have the potential for analyzing rock fragmentation accurately and efficiently. A procedure has been developed for analyzing rock fragmentation which uses a high-resolution video camera for capturing images in the field, and specialized computer algorithms for processing these images. First of all, computer algorithms have been developed to delineate the individual rock fragments in the images. Secondly, a set of experiments have been conducted in the laboratory, in which the two dimensional information from the images is correlated with sieve results. Based on these experiments, a set of probabilities have been determined for correctly determining the size and volume of rock fragments from two dimensional images. Using these probabilities along with the particle delineation algorithm, the size distribution for the rock fragments is calculated. The computer algorithms can also combine information from many images to take into account sampling and images taken at different scales.
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5

Sharafisafa, Mansour. "Characterization of quasi-static and dynamic fracture behaviour of rock-like materials using digital image correlation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24320.

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Rock masses contain geological features which play key role in failure mechanism. Amongst these features are flaws, layers, joints, faults, etc. In this thesis digital image correlation (DIC) is utilized to study crack development behaviour of rock-like materials containing different geological features. 3D printing specimens having pre-existing flaws, layered and bimrock specimens are studied under quasistatic and dynamic impact loadings. Both unfilled and filled flaws are studied in 3D printed specimens. Based on the static testing, it is observed that the flaws configuration have significant effect on the type of cracks. In particular, tensile or shear movement of the flaws controls the type of newly formed cracks. It is observed that filling improves the strength characteristics of the specimens. Filled specimens develop much larger fracture process zone (FPZ) prior to the peak load. Specimens having their filling fractured exhibit an enhancement of the peak load larger than that of the filled specimens without cracking in the fillings. Similar to quasi-static loading, not only the specimens with filled flaws can carry more load than the corresponding unfilled flaw specimens, but also their cracking pattern is different as compared to the unfilled flaw counterpart. However, it is interesting to note that the dynamic peak loads are not dependent on the flaw inclination angle, while the quasi-static peak loads show obvious flaw inclination angle dependence. Moreover, DIC results reveal that under specific flaws configurations, the filling material undergoes shear cracking. In layered specimens, the 0°-30° orientation angles exhibit dominant strain accumulation inside the layers, at 45°-60° mixed tensile-shear cracking is observed in layers and interfaces, and at the layers of 75°-90° only show tensile splitting crack at an interface governs the behaviour. Under dynamic loading, dominate observation is tensile crack development and failure of all the specimens, except that specimens with layers oriented at 60° and 75° showing shear crack initiation in the pre-peak loading stage followed by the development of tensile cracks. In bimrocks the size of blocks remarkably influences the failure trend. Large blocks exhibit both tensile and shear. Moreover, the development of FPZ is highly dependent upon the blocks sizes and the large blocks exhibit obvious development of FPZ.
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6

Gamboa, Erwin. "Stress corrosion cracking of rock bolts /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18302.pdf.

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7

Mawdesley, Clare A. "Predicting rock mass cavability in block caving mines /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16404.pdf.

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8

Dahle, Benjamin P. "Evaluating Shallow-Flow Rock Structures as Scour Countermeasures at Bridges." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2544.pdf.

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9

Banini, George Agbeko. "An integrated description of rock breakage in comminution machines /." [St. Lucia], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16293.pdf.

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10

Sharp, Andy. "The ecology and conservation biology of the yellow-footed rock-wallaby /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16815.pdf.

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11

Ryskamp, Elizabeth Balls. "Petrogenesis of Eocene-Oligocene magmatism of the Sulphur Springs Range, central Nevada: The role of magma mixing." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1607.pdf.

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12

Salvati, Peter. "The Examination of Fracture Behavior in Anisotropic Rock with Digital Image Correlation." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10287221.

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Modern hydraulic fracturing designs assume that drilled formations are both isotropic and homogeneous, and fractures are linear and symmetrical. However, unconventional resources are often obtained from formations that are both anisotropic and heterogeneous, resulting in complex fracture behavior. The objective of this study is to evaluate fracture behavior based on the influence of anisotropy and water saturation. Isotropic and homogeneous Austin Chalk, Berea Sister Gray Sandstone, and Silurian Dolomite, laminated anisotropic and heterogeneous Parker Sandstone, Nugget Sandstone, and Winterset Limestone Carbonate, and fully anisotropic and heterogeneous Edwards Brown Carbonate cores were ordered for testing. Brazilian discs were cut according the ISRM and ASTM standards, and prepared as dry, brine saturated, and fresh water saturated samples. All samples were fractured by the Brazilian test, and laminated anisotropic samples were tested at various loading angles (0?, 15?, 30?, 45?, 90?). Tensile strengths were calculated using the peak load of the primary fracture of each sample, and the fractures were observed for geometrical trends. Additionally, the strain development of each fracture was analyzed through the application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) software. The results determined that anisotropy and saturation can decrease the tensile strength of a formation. The fracture geometries were influenced by planes of anisotropic lamination, and fully anisotropic rocks produced winding, erratic fractures. DIC allowed for closer 101 examination of fracture development, and identified that saturation can cause failure along lamination planes subjected to less than the maximum, load induced stress. This research can be utilized to improve the hydraulic fracturing design models to optimize formation fractures, and increase revenue for the oil and gas industry.

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13

Chen, Sha. "Digital image processing-based numerical methods for mechanics of heterogeneous geomaterials." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36357765.

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14

Botto, Malcolm Miguel. "Music and the Modern Maya: A Reception Study of Rock-Maya Music in Guatemala." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2554.pdf.

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15

Wattimena, Ridho K. "Designing undercut and production level drifts of block caving mines /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17451.pdf.

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16

Schmidt, Stuart. "Applied rock cutting : a study of partial face disc cutting with blunt disc cutters /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18740.pdf.

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17

Kemp, Deanna Louise. "Between a rock and a hard place : community relations work in the minerals industry /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19336.pdf.

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18

Jayasinghe, Laknath Dhinendra. "The kinesthetics of rock music performance : an examination through performativity, masculinity and Nice Cave /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19805.pdf.

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19

Reeves, Bryan Anthony. "Slope stability radar /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17049.pdf.

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20

Olojede, Ayodeji. "Investigating image processing algorithms for provision of information in rock art sites using mobile devices." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23783.

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The term cultural heritage spaces incorporates places, objects and practices of cultural and historical significance. Examples include the Southern African rock art heritage sites. Rock art is an archaeological term used to describe man-made markings on stones. Studies have revealed that visitors to rock art sites usually do not understand the meaning of the rock art artefacts they are looking at due to a lack of descriptive information necessary to frame the artefact in the proper cultural and historical context. Instead, rock art sites offer humans as tour guides. One problem observed with human tour guides is that they often do not provide enough information about the artefact and they also do not answer questions to the satisfaction of most visitors. Also, human guides are a limited and expensive resources and do not always provide a personalized experience for each visitor. Therefore, in this research, an alternate interpretation mechanism that gives visitors a personalized interaction with rock art artefacts is proposed. We introduce Heritage Vision, a mobile guide application that enables visitors to take a picture of a rock art artefact of interest and automatically presents information about the artefact to the visitor. This is done via a content based image retrieval system with the aid of image processing. We investigate 3 image processing algorithms for digital recognition of rock art images on mobile devices. The ubiquitous nature and recent technological advances has made mobile devices the preferred medium. Image processing algorithms such as Scale- Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) and Oriented Fast and Rotational Brief (ORB) have been incorporated in a mobile guide prototype and their performance has been evaluated. Performance evaluation has revealed that the ORB algorithm has a better and acceptable performance over the SIFT and SURF algorithms. A user experiment was performed to evaluate the usability of the application prototype using SUMI (software usability measurement inventory) and the result obtained shows a SUMI global scale (perceived quality of use) score of above average, suggesting that such a solution is feasible.
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21

Emanuelsson, Patrik. "Study of a new method to measure the stresses in rock by image technology : Use of sawn slots and DIgital Image Correlation." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68646.

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In rock constructions and mining it is important to know the current stress situation in the rock due to safety and construction reasons. Two of the widely used stress measurement methods are overcoring and hydraulic fracturing. Both methods are expensive, need new boreholes, and are complex and time consuming. The methods are also limited by the number of successfully achieved measurements series. An alternative method is therefore investigated by locally relieving stresses around the borehole wall using sawn slots. To determine the stresses in the rock, strain measurements will be done using optics and image processing of images taken before and after cutting of the slots. The images will be processed by a technique called Digital Image Correlation (DIC), a method where the pixels are fitted between the images by the greyscale. The thesis is roughly divided into three parts. The first part explains the basics of rock stresses and current stress measurement methods. The second part is a literature study of the theory behind optics and DIC. There is also a study about if it is possible to use optics from a smartphone and how it differs from a reference commonly used camera in DIC application. Last part consists of numerical calculations in 2D to investigate if there is a possibility to relieve the stress around the borehole walls by cutting slots. With the optics from a smartphone the borehole wall can be in focus on just a few millimeters distance. DIC is a well-developed method which has a good precision when being conducted right and with a good image quality. The combination of using a smartphone and DIC is, however, not fully investigated yet. Only one comparable study was found. It used a Sony tablet and measured the deformations instead of strains. However, that study showed that the measurement error was around 1% compared to the reference camera. When translating deformations into strains, it is most likely that the error will increase, because the error will also be affected from the difference in deformation before and after cutting the slots. The numerical part showed that it’s possible to relieve the stress at parts of the borehole walls for the investigated conditions. To fully relieve the stresses around the borehole wall, it is necessary to have two slots with a short c-c distance and relatively deep slots. In this case a c-c distance of 15 mm and slot depth of at least 25 mm are recommended.
Vid projekt inom berganläggningar och gruvor är det viktigt att känna till de rådande spänningar i berget i ett säkerhets- och konstruktionsperspektiv. I Sverige används framförallt två undersökningsmetoder - överborrning eller hydraulisk spräckning. Två metoder som dock är dyra och relativt få mätserier kan genomföras. En alternativ metod har därför undersökts där borrhålsväggen lokalt avlastas genom sågade slitsar. Töjningsmätning sker genom att fotografera borrhålsväggen innan och efter sågning av slitsarna. Därefter sker bildbehandling via Digital Image Correlation (DIC). En metod som jämför en pixels placerings förändring genom att matcha pixeln via gråskalan. Examensarbetet kan man säga är grovt indelat i tre delar. Den första delen innefattar teorin som handlar om bergspänningar samt nuvarande mätmetoder för att mäta bergsspänningar. Andra delen är en litteraturstudie som behandlar den bakomliggande teorin för optik och bildbehandling med DIC samt en kort undersökning om det är möjligt att använda den optiska tekniken som finns i en smartphone. Sista delen utgörs av numeriska modelleringar i 2D för att verifiera om det går att fullständigt avlasta ett borrhål genom sågade slitsar. Med optik som finns i en smartphone kan bergväggen vara i fokus på bara ett par millimeters avstånd. DIC i sig är en teknik som är så pass utvecklad att precisionen i mätningarna är väldigt god. Förutsatt att bildbehandling görs korrekt och bildkvalitén är god. Kombinationen med optik liknande den från smartphone och bildbehandling med DIC är dock inte fullständigt undersökt. Enbart en jämförbar studie har hittats där deformationsmätningar har gjort med hjälp av en Surfplatta från Sony. Denna undersökning visade att mätfelet mot en referenskamera är cirka 1%. Dock förstärks mätfelet vid töjningsmätningar. Förstärkningen beror dock även av deformationsskillnaden mellan innan och efter avlastning. Den numeriska delen har visat att det går att lokalt avlasta bergväggen fullständigt för det undersökta spänningsförhållandet. Dock krävs det att två slitsar sitter på ett litet c-c avstånd samt är relativt djupa. Två undersökta slitsuppsättningar har visat på fullständigt avlastning, samt ytterligare ett fall som skulle kunna vara användbart.
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22

Chen, Sha, and 陳沙. "Digital image processing-based numerical methods for mechanics of heterogeneous geomaterials." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36357765.

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23

Antony, Alfred Vinod. "A New Tool for Rock Mass Discontinuity Mapping from Digital Images: VTtrace." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32075.

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Manual fracture mapping in tunnels, caverns, mines or other underground spaces is a time intensive and sometimes dangerous process. A system that can automate this task could minimize human exposure to rockfalls, rockbursts or instabilities and facilitate the use of new methods of data visualization such as virtual environments. This research was undertaken to develop VTtrace; a semi-automatic fracture mapping algorithm based on image processing and analysis techniques. Images of a rock exposure surface are made using a â prosumerâ grade digital camera. The grayscale images are preprocessed to remove color information and any noise or distortion. The smoothed images are converted into binary images. The binary images are then thinned to extract the fracture map. The fractures are then separated and stored as different images. Fracture properties such as the length, width, orientation and large-scale roughness are determined using photogrammetric techniques. Results from test images shows the VTtrace is effective in extracting rock discontinuity traces. Additional enhancements to the program are proposed to allow feature attributes from the three-dimensional surface to be determined.
Master of Science
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24

Pederick, Stuart. "Investigation of the effect of waterjet created slots in improving the performance of tricone drill bits in hard rock /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18616.pdf.

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25

Ehab, Moustafa Kamel Karim. "Image-based modelling of complex heterogeneous microstructures: Application to deformation-induced permeability alterations in rocks." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/320653.

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The permeability of rocks has a critical influence on their fluid transport response in critical geo-environmental applications, such as pollutant transport or underground storage of hazardous nuclear waste. In such processes, the materials microstructure may be altered as a result of various stimuli, thereby impacting the fluid transfer properties. Stress or strain state modifications are one of the main causes for such evolutions. To numerically address this concern, an integrated and automated numerical tool was developed and illustrated on subsets of microCT scans of a Vosges sandstone (i) to explore the links between the pore space properties and the corresponding macroscopic transfer properties, with (ii) an incorporation of the microstructural alterations associated with stress state variations by using a realistic image-based representation of the microstructural morphology. The ductile mechanical deformation behavior under high confining pressures at the scale of the microstructure, inducing pore closures by local plastifications, was modelled using finite elements simulations with a non-linear elastoplastic law, allowing to take into account the redistribution of local stresses. These simulations require robust discretization tools to capture the complex geometry of the porous network and the corresponding solid boundaries of the heterogeneous microstructural geometries. To achieve this, an integrated approach for the conformal discretization of complex implicit geometries based on signed distance fields was developed, producing high quality meshes from both imaging techniques and computational RVE generation methodologies. This conforming discretization approach was compared with an incompatible mode-based framework using a non conforming approach. This comparison highlighted the complementarity of both methods, the former capturing the effect of more detailed geometrical features, while the latter is more flexible as it allows using the same (non conforming) mesh for potentially variable geometries.The evolution of permeability was evaluated at different confining pressure levels using the Lattice-Bolzmann method. This uncoupled solid-fluid interaction made it possible to study the combined influence on the permeability, porosity and the pores size distribution of the pore space morphology and the solid skeleton constitutive law parameters during loading and unloading conditions. The results highlight the need to consider elastoplastic laws and heterogeneities in the rock model to simulate the ductile behavior of rocks at high confining pressures leading to significant permeability alterations under loading, and irreversible alterations under loading/unloading cycles induced by progressive pore closures.The proposed methodology is designed to be flexible thanks to the interfacing with 'classical' discretization approaches and can be easily readapted to other contexts given the block approach.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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26

Liu, Jianxin. "A porosity-based model for coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical processes." University of Western Australia. Centre for Petroleum, Fuels and Energy, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0113.

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[Truncated abstract] Rocks, as the host to natural chains of coupled thermal, hydraulic and mechanical processes, are heterogeneous at a variety of length scales, and in their mechanical properties, as well as in the hydraulic and thermal transport properties. Rock heterogeneity affects the ultimate hydro-carbon recovery or geothermal energy production. This heterogeneity has been considered one important and difficult problem that needs to be taken into account for its effect on the coupled processes. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effect of rock heterogeneity on multi-physical processes. A fully coupled finite element model, hereinafter referred to as a porosity-based model (PBM) was developed to characterise the thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) coupling processes. The development of the PBM consists of a two-staged workflow. First, based on poromechanics, porosity, one of the inherent rock properties, was derived as a variant function of the thermal, hydraulic and mechanical effects. Then, empirical relations or experimental results, correlating porosity with the mechanical, hydraulic and thermal properties, were incorporated as the coupling effects. In the PBM, the bulk volume of the model is assumed to be changeable. The rate of the volumetric strain was derived as the difference of two parts: the first part is the change in volume per unit of volume and per unit of time (this part was traditionally considered the rate of volumetric strain); and the second is the product of the first part and the volumetric strain. The second part makes the PBM a significant advancement of the models reported in the literature. ... impact of the rock heterogeneity on the hydro-mechanical responses because of the requirement of large memory and long central processing unit (CPU) time for the 3D applications. In the 2D PBM applications, as the thermal boundary condition applied to the rock samples containing some fractures, the pore pressure is generated by the thermal gradient. Some pore pressure islands can be generated as the statistical model and the digital image model are applied to characterise the initial porosity distribution. However, by using the homogeneous model, this phenomenon cannot be produced. In the 3D PBM applications, the existing fractures become the preferential paths for the fluid flowing inside the numerical model. The numerical results show that the PBM is sufficiently reliable to account for the rock mineral distribution in the hydro-mechanical coupling processes. The applications of the statistical method and the digital image processing technique make it possible to visualise the rock heterogeneity effect on the pore pressure distribution and the heat dissipation inside the rock model. Monitoring the fluid flux demonstrates the impact of the rock heterogeneity on the fluid product, which concerns petroleum engineering. The overall fluid flux (OFF) is mostly overestimated when the rock and fluid properties are assumed to be homogeneous. The 3D PBM application is an example. As the rock is heterogeneous, the OFF by the digital core is almost the same as that by the homogeneous model (this is due to that some fractures running through the digital core become the preferential path for the fluid flow), and around 1.5 times of that by the statistical model.
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27

Nuttall, Keir. "I’m with Muriel: Applying a persona-centred songwriting technique to the creation of a new Australian musical." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/209305/1/Keir_Nuttall_Thesis.pdf.

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This Thesis by Creative Works advances a new method of songwriting centred around the concept of persona. Drawing on Csikszentmihalyi’s Systems Model of Creativity and Auslander’s work on persona and popular music performance, the thesis develops a model of songwriting that is then applied in the creation of new music and lyrics for the Australian musical theatre production, Muriel's Wedding the Musical.
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28

Tafesse, Solomon. "Physical properties of coarse particles in till coupled to bedrock composition based on new 3D image analysis method." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11988.

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The physical properties of the coarse fraction of the till (0.4 to 20 cm) and the surface boulders have been studied at two different sites in Sweden. The research work included: development of a new image analysis software for 3D size and shape measurements of particles; lithological analysis on multiple size fractions in till and magnetic susceptibility survey on coarse till clasts, surface boulders and local bedrock.

The new 3D image analysis method provides an enormous amount of size and shape data for each particle in the coarse fraction (2 to 20 cm) in till. The method is suitable for field study, cost effective and the software is executable in Matlab. The field imaging method together with the image analysis software give non subjective results of size and shape of coarse particles and makes it feasible and easy to study representative sample size, which is one tonne for testing clasts of size up to 20 cm.

The lithological analysis of the multiple size fraction of the till clasts has been investigated on six different size fractions of the till (0.4 to 20 cm); the result of the different samples from the two sites shows that this method can potentially be used as a stratigraphic tool in the areas where there is no unique indicator lithologies.

The magnetic susceptibility has been made on the surface boulders, the 6-20 cm till fraction and on insitu bedrock outcrops near to the study sites. The method has good potential for determining stratigraphic relationships between different till units as well as for determining the provenance ofcoarse clasts and surface boulders.

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29

Assali, Pierre. "Modélisation géostructurale 3D de parois rocheuses en milieu ferroviaire : application aux ouvrages en terre." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD009.

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Ce travail de thèse vise une optimisation des méthodologies de modélisation géostructurale, permettant d'aboutir à une meilleure gestion des aléas rocheux affectant le système ferroviaire. La caractérisation géométrique des massifs rocheux est entreprise grâce à une classification des modèles en sous-ensembles correspondant aux principales familles de discontinuités. En parallèle de cette caractérisation automatisée, une seconde approche dite manuelle a été examinée. Cette approche combine données tridimensionnelles (nuages de points denses) et support photographique (images 2D). Les données sur les discontinuités planaires, traditionnellement acquises manuellement en certains points nécessairement accessibles du massif, résultent désormais de l'analyse des modèles couvrant l'ensemble de l'ouvrage. Ce projet a permis le développement d'un outil de modélisation améliorant la connaissance du patrimoine rocheux sans engager la sécurité du personnel, ni la capacité de la ligne ferroviaire
This project aims at an optimization of geostructural modeling methodolgies, leading to a better knowledge and a better management of the rock risk impacting the railway system. Acquired 3D models are exploited in order ton convert 3D point clouds into geostructural analysis. Hence, we have developed a semi-automatic process that allows 3D models to be combined with the results of field surveys in order to provide more precise analyses of rock faces, for example, by classifying rock discontinuities into subsets according to their orientation. A second approach is proposed, combining both 3D point clouds (from LiDAR or image matching) and 2D digital images. Combining these high-quality data with the proposed automatic and manual processing method greatly improves the geometrical analysis of rock faces, increases the reliability of structural interpretations, and enables reinforcement procedures to be optimized
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Lanata, Patrizia. "Full-field experimental characterization of mechanical behaviour and failure in a porous rock in plane strain compression : homogeneous deformation and strain localization." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI040/document.

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Ce travail présente une caractérisation expérimentale du comportement mécanique et de la rupture par localisation de la déformation dans un grès des Vosges. L'évolution temporelle de la localisation a été caractérisée par des mesures de champs. Une nouvelle cellule triaxiale vraie a été développée au Laboratoire 3SR (Grenoble), qui permet une visualisation des échantillons sous chargement pour réaliser de la corrélation d'image numérique (CIN). Les essais ont été réalisés par compression en déformation plane (confinement de 20 à 50 MPa). La transition d'une déformation diffuse à localisée a été finement étudiée. Une analyse comparative a été ensuite effectuée entre les mesures de champs et la microstructure à l'échelle des grains observée par microscope (MEB). Enfin, une étude théorique basée sur une analyse en bifurcation a été menée pour comparer observations des bandes de cisaillement et prédiction sur la localisation de la déformation
This work aims an experimental characterization of the mechanical behaviour and failure by strain localization on a Vosges sandstone. The time evolution of strain localization has been characterized by full-field measurements. A new true-triaxial apparatus has been developed at Laboratoire 3SR (Grenoble), which enables the observation of the specimens during mechanical loading for application of digital image correlation (DIC). Tests have been performed in plane strain compression (confining pressure from 20 to 50 MPa). The transition from diffuse to localised deformation regimes has been extensively studied. Then, a comparative analysis has been done between the strain fields (DIC) and microscope (SEM) observations to determine how closely the DIC fields are related to deformation mechanisms detected at the grain scale. Finally, a theoretical bifurcation analysis is presented to compare the experimental observations of shear bands with strain localization prediction
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31

Manzoor, Sohail. "Rock Evaluation Using Digital Images and Drill Monitoring Data : Before and after rock blasting." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80806.

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This research is carried out to better understand the nature of the rock mass and to have a better anticipation of rock fragmentation before blasting the rock mass. Current practices of assessing rock mass usually involve techniques that focus on the surface or outcrop of the rock mass such as scanline surveys, window surveys, photogrammetry and laser scanning etc. These techniques generally lack the ability of providing sufficient information about the rock mass as well as bear various inherent constraints such as safety issues, time requirements, user biasness, equipment requirements and reproducibility of results. Similarly, the rock fragmentation is predicted using different mathematical equations known as fragmentation models. However, these models ignore some key factors that significantly affect the nature of fragmentation such as chargeability of blastholes, drilling information e.g. borehole deviation and require numerous rock parameters which are not well known in most cases. These models are often site-specific and are mostly developed for surface mines. Therefore, their application in underground mining is not so common. The aim of this research is to investigate the possibility of eliminating the constraints and supporting the current practices of rock mass assessment and rock fragmentation prediction. In this regard, drill monitoring technique has been selected as a potential tool for analysing the rock mass and forecast the rock fragmentation. To test the selected technique, measurement while drilling (MWD) data was collected from three different mines. The variations in MWD data were analysed to identify different zones and structures present inside the rock mass. The results were compared to 3D images obtained by close-range terrestrial digital photogrammetry for validation, which showed a close agreement with each other. Similarly, MWD data was used to classify the rock mass into five different classes i.e. solid, slightly fractured, highly fractured, having cavities, and major cavities in a sublevel caving operation. The loading operation of the blasted rock was filmed and digital images of LHD buckets containing blasted rock were extracted from the video recordings. The blasted rock inside the buckets were categorized as fine, medium, coarse and oversize fragmentation based on their median fragment size (X50). A statistical analysis was carried out to see the correlation between MWD based rock mass classes and fragmentation classes. The results showed that fine and medium size fragmentation has better correlation and can be predicted with higher accuracy using MWD data as compared to coarse and oversize fragmentation. The results suggest that the drill monitoring technique has the potential to assess rock mass as well as predict rock fragmentation to some extent. It can be used to differentiate between a weak or strong rock mass or between a fractured or competent rock mass. It can be used to differentiate between joints, cavities or foliations etc. It can also be used to predict finer and medium size fractions of the blasted rock with reasonable accuracy. However, the coarser and oversize fragmentation didn’t have a reliable correlation with MWD data. The potential of using drill monitoring technique for rock mass assessment and rock fragment prediction can be further explored and validated using other established rock mass and fragmentation assessment techniques. It can largely overcome the time, cost and safety constraints associated with the methods already in practice.
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32

Cheung, William K. W. (Kwok Wai). "Inferring surface structure of rock piles from range images." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56767.

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This thesis deals with the problem of applying computer vision techniques in an underground mine environment. In particular, the problem of the localization and identification of oversized rock fragments prior to secondary breakage, following the initial drilling and blasting operation is addressed. The strategy employed is based on the methodologies developed for reconstruction and interpretation of range image data. Discrete rock pile images acquired using the NRCC/McGill laser rangefinder were used in this study. The main contribution of this thesis is the complete study of the paradigm which involves: range data acquisition, surface reconstruction, segmentation, and fitting of parametric shape models. The final representation obtained from the model, describing the spatial and geometric properties of each rock fragment and can be used to control an automated rock-breaking mechanism. To support the strategy developed, a number of experimental results at different processing stages are presented.
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33

Nejedlik, John. "Petrographic image analysis as a tool to quantify porosity and cement distribution." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smn417.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-157). Petrographic image analysis proved particularly useful in determining the parameters for statistical analysis for the simple mineralogies displayed in the samples from the Hutton Sandstone. Concentrates on establishing techniques for statistical study of data collected by PIA to subdivide the framework grains from the porosity or cement.
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34

Cáceres, Escobar Cristián. "Aytona: plan de vjing e imagen para bandas de rock emergente." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111661.

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Memoria (diseñador gráfico)
Hoy en día, es difícil para un grupo rock emergente surgir dentro del mercado de la música nacional, debido a que las influencias extranjeras dominan la industria, y al tener más recursos, pueden llegar de una manera mucho más eficaz a su público objetivo. Además, el mercado nacional de la música es mayormente cerrado y exclusivo, lo que dificulta mucho el reconocimiento de éstas bandas por los medios tradicionales de información, radio, tv y periódicos, lo que conlleva que los grupos centren su difusión y promoción principalmente por internet a través de las redes sociales y por las tocatas o conciertos en vivo. En la constante e incansable lucha contra la piratería y el surgimiento de diversos streaming de reproducción online, los grupos musicales emergentes no centran sus ingresos en la propia venta de su música, lo que los lleva a la necesidad de la creación de una estética visual, ya sea en los afiches y difusión web o en las propuestas escenográficas de sus tocatas, para el posterior reconocimiento y surgimiento dentro del mercado de la música. Dentro de éste marco, Aytona, un grupo de rock-pop originario de Santiago, planea insertarse dentro de la nueva música nacional, sin embargo en la actualidad, carecen de una identidad visual que los identifique y represente. La necesidad de ésta investigación surge en la creación de un plan de comunicación visual y escenográfica para Aytona que se base en el concepto central de la banda -la idea de estética de video juego de 8-bit-, y que en el desarrollo de la memoria de Título se represente en la reconstrucción de su página web, difusión de material online y, en cuanto a la escenografía, a través del VJing -composiciones visuales en vivo- como una nueva perspectiva en las tocatas en vivo de la música rock.
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35

Reed, Matthew Gerard. "The statistical description of 3 dimensional spatial architecture : second-order stereology." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266494.

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36

Caswell, Benjamin C. "Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve Analysis of Affinity Profiles." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3012.pdf.

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37

Crook, Simon Andrew. "World's end : rock images, altered realities, and the limits of social theory." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.643437.

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38

Kim, Sung Min. "ROK-U.S. security relations : "the China factor" and a turning point." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FKim%5FSung.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Edward A. Olsen, H. Lyman Miller. Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-159). Also available online.
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39

Sorber, Samuel C. "Geologic Map and Structural Analysis of the Twin Rocks 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Wayne County, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1352.pdf.

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40

Standley, Carl E. "Banda forearc metamorphic rocks accreted to the Australian continental margin : detailed analysis of the Lolotoi Complex of East Timor /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1696.pdf.

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41

Starnoni, Michele. "Modelling single and two-phase flow on micro-CT images of rock samples." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=232293.

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In this Thesis, numerical simulations of single and two-phase pore-scale flow on three dimensional images obtained from micro-CT scanning of different reservoir rocks are presented. For single-phase flow, the petrophysical properties of rocks, namely Representative Elementary Volume (REV), mean pore and grain size, and absolute permeability, are calculated using an integrated approach comprising image processing, statistical correlation and numerical simulations. Two rock formations, one carbonate and one sandstone, are used throughout this Thesis. It is shown that REV and mean pore and grain size are effectively estimated using the two-point spatial correlation function. A comparison of different absolute permeability estimates is also presented, showing a good agreement between the numerical value and the experimentally determined one for the carbonate sample, but a huge discrepancy for the sandstone. For two-phase flow, the Volume-of-fluid method is used to track the interfaces. The surface tension forces are modelled using a filtered sharp formulation, and the Stokes equations are solved using the PISO algorithm. A study on the snap-off mechanism, investigating the role of several parameters including contact angle and viscosity ratio, is presented. Results show that the threshold contact angle for snap-off increases from a value of 28◦ for a circular cross-section to 30-34◦ for a square cross-section and up to 40◦ for a triangular one. For a throat of square cross-section, increasing the viscosity of the injected phase results in a drop in the threshold contact angle from a value of 30◦ when µ = 1 to 26◦ when µ = 10 and down to 24◦ when µ = 20, where µ is the viscosity ratio. Finally, a rigorous spatial averaging procedure is presented, leading to a novel definition of the macroscopic capillary pressure. Simulations results of drainage on the scanned images of the rock samples are used to compare different estimates of the macroscopic capillary pressure. The comparison reveals that, contrary to what is commonly done following the traditional approach, use of surface average for the pressures is more appropriate than that of volume average, when averaging the microscopic balance equations relevant for pore-scale two-phase flows in porous media.
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42

Duquesnoy, Frédérique. "Apport des outils numériques et informatiques à l'étude des images rupestres du Sahara central : exemple d’application aux peintures de Séfar (Tasīli-n-Ăjjer, Algérie)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3122.

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Les répertoires iconographiques rupestres du Sahara central ont pâti du contexte historique et humain de leur découverte, puis de leur gestion tant scientifique que patrimoniale. Leur profusion et les difficultés du terrain saharien ont été et sont toujours des facteurs pénalisants, mais la méconnaissance dont souffrent encore ces productions des cultures préhistoriques, plus d’un siècle et demi après leur révélation, incombe clairement aux acteurs passés et présents de leur étude. Même si nous admirons ces images pour leurs qualités esthétiques, ce sont des vestiges archéologiques à part entière, devant être étudiés comme tels. De nos jours, les outils numériques et informatiques permettent, d’une part, d’améliorer quantitativement et qualitativement leur documentation grâce aux logiciels d’amélioration d’image utilisés pour l’enregistrement et le relevé ; d’autre part, d’interroger plus objectivement ces œuvres par le biais d’autres outils et de méthodes performantes d’analyse des données, au travers desquels leur différenciation stylistique peut être mise en évidence. L’application des démarches développées dans cette recherche à quelques parois ornées du site de Séfar, lieu emblématique de la Tasīli-n-Ăjjer (Algérie), montre que l’usage de ces outils, sous-tendu par des bases théoriques et méthodologiques rigoureuses, permet de proposer une nouvelle approche de ces images rupestres, plus conforme à leur nature de données scientifiques
The rock images of the central Sahara have suffered from the historical and human context of their discovery and then from both their scientific management and their heritage management. Their abundance and the difficulties of the Saharan field have been and are still negative factors, but the lack of knowledge from which these productions of prehistoric cultures are still suffering more than a century and a half after their discovery, clearly falls to those studying them in the past and present. Even if we admire these images for their aesthetic qualities, these form an integral part of the archaeological remains and should be studied as such. Nowadays, the digital and computerised tools enable us, firstly, to quantitatively and qualitatively improve their documentation thanks to image enhancement software used for the recording and the tracing; secondly, to more objectively investigate these artefacts by using other effective data-analysis tools and methods thanks to which their stylistic differences can be highlighted. The application of the processes developed in this research to several adorned walls at the Sefar site, an emblematic area of the Tasīli-n-Ăjjer (Algeria), shows that the use of these tools, supported by rigorous theoretical and methodological basis, allows us to offer a new approach to these rock images, more appropriate to their characteristic of being scientific data
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43

Hopper, Derek J. "Crustal evolution of paleo- to mesoproterozoic rocks in the Peake and Denison Ranges, South Australia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18288.pdf.

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44

Jiang, Zeyun. "Quantitative characterisation of the geometry and topology of pore space in 3D rock images." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2038.

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In this thesis, a suite of techniques and algorithms is presented to tackle three main tasks. Firstly, many existing image-related approaches (processing or analysis) need to be extended from low-dimensional space (e.g. 2D) to a higher-dimensional space(3D). In addition, they often also need to be improved to achieve better accuracy and more efficiency to enable processing ofmassive volumetric images. Frequently new / techniques or algorithms also need to be developed to cover the gap in these previous requirements. Based on these approaches, the second task is to extract the geometric and topological properties of the pore space directly from 3D images of rock samples. The third task is then to study and to establish the relationship between the microstructure and the macroscopic properties by constructing realistic network structures for network models or by conducting some numerical experiments such as mercury injection etc. In the framework of the methodology presented in this thesis, many commonly used image processing and analysis approaches form the basis of the pore space quantification procedure. These primarily include 3D Euclidean distance transformations, 3D geodesic distance transformations, component labelling (clustering), and morphological operations. Among these techniques, some are either unavailable in 3D discrete space or are of too low-efficiency for handling the huge size of rock samples, and others simply did not exist prior to my work. The next level of the methodology is. to quantify the pore space. In order to process 3D images efficiently thus, firstly, the medial axis (skeleton) of the object (e.g. the pore space) is generated so that simple and compact basic information of the object remains while irrelevant redundant information is neglected in the resultant skeleton image. Having obtained the skeleton of an object, most of the geometric and topological quantities of this object can then be easily derived. After reviewing many existing algorithms, a more accurate and efficient thinning algorithm is presented to meet the specific requirements for the study of pore microstructure. Furthermore, general geometric and topological properties of the pore space are calculated and analysed, including pore size distribution, bond (or node) radii/length/volume, shape factor and coordination number etc. As an important contribution, a novel algorithm to compute the Euler-Poincare characteristic (Euler number) is presented and a new topological descriptor is introduced to overcome the limitations of the Euler number and the coordination number. To validate the methodology and to carry out some basic analysis of the microstructure of porous media, I investigate the geometric and topologic features directly from 3D binary images of rock samples. The volum~tric pore size distribution is obtained, and the frequency of pore inscribed radii (or diameter) is calculated, the shape of cross sections along pore channels is quantified as the shape factor and the corresponding algorithm is created. In this study, many quantities for describing the morphological properties of porous media have been successfully introduced. To carry this novel methodology into the use of network models for the prediction of flow processes, three rock samples are selected and analysed. A new approach is developed for partitioning the pore space into the network of nodes and bonds. This partitioning differs from existing methods and it aims to solve some specific problems which often occur in unconsolidated (high porosity) porous media. Following this some single/multi-phase properties are calculated for these three rock samples, such as absolute permeabilities and relative p.ermeabilities. A number of relations between pore size and the absolute permeability, or between pore connectivity and absolute permeability, are explored. The comprehensive relation between pore size, connectivity and absolute permeabilities is also studied and preliminary results are given. This research has created new tools that will play important roles in the analysis of porous media.
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45

Baptista, Ana Marta da Silveira. "A materialização do som – intertextualidade e performance nos videoclips." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10626.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação – Cinema e Televisão
Esta dissertação incide essencialmente no estudo de videoclips que correspondam a temas vulgarmente associados ao género rock. Pretende-se aqui analisar a presença e relevância de elementos intertextuais na construção desses mesmos videoclips, tendo em conta não só a relação estabelecida entre som e imagem, mas analisando também a presença nestes de conteúdos pertencentes a diversos géneros artísticos; será igualmente investigada a utilização da performance nos videoclips de música rock, tentando explicitar-se os motivos que levam à sua utilização.
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46

McCallum, Christopher M. "Cooperative security in Northeast Asia : ramifications of change in the U.S. and ROK maritime strategies /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FMcCallum.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Edward A. Olsen, H. Lyman Miller. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-76). Also available online.
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47

Reid, Trevor Raymond. "A methodology for the detection of discontinuity traces in digital images of rock mass exposures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398300.

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48

Christie, Gordon A. "Computer Vision for Quarry Applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42762.

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This thesis explores the use of computer vision to facilitate three different processes of a quarry's operation. The first is the blasting process. This is where operators determine where to drill in order to execute an efficient and safe blast. Having an operator manually determine the drilling angles and positions can lead to inefficient and dangerous blasts. By using two cameras, oriented vertically, and separated by a fixed baseline, Structure from Motion techniques can be used to create a scaled 3D model of a bench. This can then be analyzed to provide operators with borehole locations and drilling angles in relation to fixed reference targets. The second process explored is the crushing process, where the rocks pass through different crushers that reduce the rocks into smaller sizes. The crushed rocks are then dropped onto a moving conveyor belt. The maximum dimension of the rocks exiting the crushers should not exceed size thresholds that are specific to each crusher. This thesis presents a 2D vision system capable of estimating the size distribution of the rocks by attempting to segment the rocks in each image. The size distribution, based on the maximum dimension of each rock, is estimated by finding the maximum dimension in the image in pixels and converting that to inches. The third process of the quarry operations explored is where the final product is piled up to form stockpiles. For inventory purposes, operators often carry out a manual estimation of the size of a the stockpile. This thesis presents a vision system capable of providing a more accurate estimate for the size of the stockpile by using Structure from Motion techniques to create a 3D reconstruction. User interaction helps to find the points that are relevant to the stockpile in the resulting point cloud, which are then used to estimate the volume.
Master of Science
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49

Guest, A. R. "The dynamic breakage of Kimberlite in the near field /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18507.pdf.

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50

Guedj, Michel. "Application de l'analyse d'images a la physique des roches." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0080.

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On simule des diagraphies acoustiques par la propagation d'ondes ultrasonores a travers un echantillon de roche dans des conditons (pression temperature, saturation) parfaitement determinees. On injecte de la resine dans la roche, ce qui entraine des phenomenes de diffraction. Pour une analyse d'images automatique, un algorithme original de segmentation par extraction de contours est propose et les problemes methodologiques lies a l'analyse d'images de milieu poreux sont explicites
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