Academic literature on the topic 'Rock deformation Simulation methods'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Zhang, Guoxin, Zhengqi Lei, and Heng Cheng. "Shear Creep Simulation of Structural Plane of Rock Mass Based on Discontinuous Deformation Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1582825.
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Numerical simulations of the creep characteristics of the structural plane of rock mass are very useful. However, most existing simulation methods are based on continuum mechanics and hence are unsuitable in the case of large displacements and deformations. The discontinuous deformation analysis method proposed by Genhua is a discrete one and has a significant advantage when simulating the contacting problem of blocks. In this study, we combined the viscoelastic rheological model of Burgers with the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method. We also derived the recurrence formula for the creep deformation increment with the time step during numerical simulations. Based on the minimum potential energy principle, the general equilibrium equation was derived, and the shear creep deformation in the structural plane was considered. A numerical program was also developed and its effectiveness was confirmed based on the curves obtained by the creep test of the structural plane of a rock mass under different stress levels. Finally, the program was used to analyze the mechanism responsible for the creep features of the structural plane in the case of the toppling deformation of the rock slope. The results showed that the extended DDA method is an effective one.
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Zhao, Changzheng, Shenggen Cao, Shuyu Du, Chiyuan Che, and Xingyao Wang. "Failure Characteristics and Deformation Control Methods of the Bottom Drum of Roadways during Repeated Mining of Multiple Coal Seams." Geofluids 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3903370.
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As the problems of serious bottom drum and roadway broken surrounding rock are influenced by repeated mining in multiple coal seams, the factors affecting the surrounding rock deformation of a +980 m roadway in Faer coal mine by analyzing the rock composition and obtaining borehole video data are investigated. The mechanism of the overburden caving affected by repeated mining of multiple coal seams is analyzed theoretically, and the numerical simulation is conducted to evaluate the deformation mechanism of roadway bottom drum. A combined support technology is proposed consisting of bolts, anchor cables, grouting, and pressure relief grooves. The measurements obtained during a 50 d monitoring period indicate that the deformations of the roof, floor, and both sides of roadway in the repaired and reinforced section are only 26, 56, and 26 mm, respectively. The fissures filled with slurry in the rock surrounding roadway can prevent further deformation of the rock mass.
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Tang, Hao, Xiang Ji, Hongyi Zhang, and Tianbin Li. "Numerical Simulation of Large Compression Deformation Disaster and Supporting Behavior of Deep Buried Soft Rock Tunnel with High In Situ Stress Based on CDEM." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (March 3, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5985165.
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Large compressive deformation of tunnels is a phenomenon involving plastic deformation and failure of surrounding rocks and often refers to the weak surrounding rock self-bearing capacity loss or partial loss. This research discusses the formation and evolution of large compressive deformation and effectiveness of the combined support of high in situ stress tunnel. From the new perspective of large deformation disaster caused by the structural failure of high in situ stress surrounding rock to clarify it, this paper illustrates the mechanism of progressive cracking and large deformation of high in situ stress soft rock tunnel from the aspects of the formation of self-bearing system, deformation evolution of the surrounding rock, mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, and failure characteristics. Accordingly, the continuous and discontinuous numerical simulation methods are used. The following conclusions are drawn by comparing the simulation results of surrounding rock under combined support with no support. (1) The supporting structure constitutes the self-supporting system with the surrounding rock and plays the roles of codeformation and load-bearing. (2) The support structure has evident reinforcing effect on the rock mass in the relaxation zone, thereby leading to the phenomenon of weakened rock mass failure. Moreover, the shear area develops to the compaction zone. (3) The supporting structure improves the bearing capacity of rock mass in the relaxation zone. It also increases the surrounding rock stress and reduces the range of the compaction zone. Simulation results verify that the combined support measures have a good suppression effect on the large compressive deformation, thereby providing a reference for similar projects and research on the large compressive deformation of soft rock.
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Zhang, Xiang Dong, Peng Tao Zhao, and Wen Jun Gu. "Comparison and Analysis of Different Excavation Methods in Soft Rock-Extremely Soft Rock Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1201.
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In order to further study the law of surrounding rock deformation of soft rock-extremely soft rock double arch tunnel, resolve problem of tunnel excavation in complex geology conditions, based on project example, the central heading full section, central heading step and division method (three heading method) as research object, measured and simulated results were compared and analyzed, and used ANDIA software to do dynamic simulation. The results show that the characters of surrounding rock deformation are different with different excavation methods; Simulated and measured results are almost the same ,and the maximum difference has only 6%, reflecting simulated value has a certain reliability; The more the step numbers are excavated in soft rock-extremely soft rock tunnel, the smaller the area excavated is, the smaller the rock is disturbance, the smaller the surface subsidence and two state convergence value is, more be able to meet construction requirements; Compared with the other two methods, division method is more to reduce the deformation in the surrounding rock with class of V.
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Xu, Qingchao, Zhenhao Bao, Tu Lu, Huarui Gao, and Jiakang Song. "Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of End-Suspended Pile Support for Soil-Rock Composite Foundation Pit." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (July 1, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5593639.
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In order to design the soil-rock combination foundation pit more safely and effectively, this paper presents the investigations of the mechanical and deformational characteristics of end-suspended piles supporting the structures in Jinan CBD area. Based on the measured data, a finite element model was established through the two-dimensional numerical simulation method to study the deformational characteristics of the end-suspended piles, and the influences of the depth of socketed rock, the width of rock shoulder, and the prestress of anchor cables on the deformations and mechanical property of end-suspended piles were discussed. Some optimization methods are proposed based on these analyses. Results show the following: (1) Rock-socketed depths have boundary effect on end-suspended piles. Under the given geological conditions, the reasonable socketed ratio is within 0.158∼0.200. (2) The anchor cable prestress can effectively slow down the ground settlement, the force, and deformation of the pile body and can be set to 1P∼1.25P under the conditions of the site. (3) Rock-shoulder width has little influence on the ground settlement and horizontal displacement of piles. The reserved width of rock shoulder is suggested to be selected in the range of 1.0 m∼1.5 m.
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Cui, Zhen, Qian Sheng, Qingzi Luo, and Guimin Zhang. "Investigating the Anisotropy of Mechanical Parameters of Schist Rock with Practical Numerical Methods." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020725.
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The anisotropy of deformation and strength behavior in quartz mica schist is fundamental to rock mechanics. Here, we concentrated on the practical application of the numerical simulation of the anisotropy of schist rock. First, the existence of the anisotropy of the schist rock in engineering application was reported, tested in situ, and analyzed. Then, a set of specially designed multi-angle uniaxial compression tests was conducted. Based on these, two numerical simulation methods (explicit and implicit) for anisotropy were demonstrated and discussed. Between the two methods, the implicit method was more practical. Ultimately, the implicit method was adopted to perform an excavation simulation of the exploratory tunnel CPD-1. Our findings demonstrated the feasibility of the implicit method as a practical numerical method to determine the anisotropy of schist rock.
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Yanli, Qi, Wen Shaoquan, Bai Mingzhou, Shi Hai, Li Pengxiang, Zhou Hao, and He Bohu. "Evaluation and Deformation Control Study on the Bias Pressure of Layered Rock Tunnels." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (August 5, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9937678.
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In the process of tunnel construction, the bias of layered rock mass tunnels has always been a prominent problem that troubles the construction and safe operation of tunnels. In this paper, a comprehensive method that combines monitoring technology and discrete element (3DEC) numerical simulation is proposed to analyze the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock in the layered rock tunnel and the deformation law of the bias tunnel. The results indicate that the tunnel surrounding rock deformation in the study area showed the characteristics of bias. Based on the bias mechanism, the surrounding rock deformation law, the construction deformation control, and the optimization measures of layered rock mass in the bias tunnel were studied by means of combining monitoring technology with discrete element (3DEC) numerical simulation. Based on the research results, appropriate methods for controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel with comprehensive consideration of the anchor rod length, anchor rod angle, and anchor rod layout spacing were proposed. The method proposed in this paper could visually reveal the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock of layered rock tunnels and the deformation law of bias tunnels. It could also better solve the problem of deformation control in the tunnel construction process. This approach provides a novel idea for special layered rock mass tunnel bias evaluation and deformation control parameter optimization and serves as a valuable reference for analogous engineering cases through engineering case analysis.
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Li, Yu Sheng, Guang Peng Cao, and Jie Bao. "Dynamic Numerical Simulation for the Problem of Tunnel Rock Mass Large Deformation of a Hydropower Project in the Upper Reaches of Lancang River." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1315.
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It is a very effective technology methods that using dynamic numerical simulation of discrete element method to study the large deformation problems of underground engineering rock mass which in the complex rock mass mechanics environmental conditions.Research achievements show that the development of deformation failure of the tunnel surrounding rock and the final convergence stability are mainly controlled by rock mass structure and its stress environment in the special toppling deformation rock mass. Deformation of the rock mass that in the lateral unloading and relaxation and also has a complex rock mass structure developed sustainably and progressivity over time,will eventually seriously damaged in roof fall. The surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel ,which have a good rock mass integrity and do not have the obvious unloading and relaxation stress environment, gradually tended to be stable after the initial deceleration-type development.
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Katanov, Yuriy, Yuriy Vaganov, and Matvey Cheymetov. "Neural simulation-based analysis of the well wall stability while productive seam penetrating." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 4 (December 2021): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.04.091.
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Purpose is the development of mathematical models to evaluate deformation of parameters of the rock mass-well geological and engineering system within the anisotropic media. Methods. Both mathematical and neural modeling of a stress state of the rock mass-well system under conditions of geological uncertainty has been applied for the studies. From the viewpoint of mathematical modeling, analysis of probability of factors, complicating drilling, should involve a number of assumptions for strength and deformation characteristics of rock mass layers corresponding to particular hole-making conditions. Findings. A mathematical model of horizontal wellbore and geological layers, occurring along the structure under the conditions of permanent comprehensive stresses, has been developed. An analytical and graphical form has been applied to implement one of the basic aspects of aggregation principles of strength changes in each particular lithological layer for identification of an ideal value of horizontal/inclined wellbore length relative to the rock mass depths scheduled by mining. Regularities of changes in deformation and spatial well stability within the complex reservoirs depending upon various process duties have been determined. A neural simulation-based model has been proposed to analyze deformation of rock mass layers having different strength characteristics. Originality. Interaction between geomechanical characteristics of rock mass as well as deformation and spatial stability of well design has been evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. Practical implications. An opportunity has been presented to forecast deformation of well walls taking into consideration different strength as well as structural and geological rock mass characteristics on the basis of neural simulation. The represented approach has been included on the register of the best scientific-based practices according to “Methods to recover low-pressure gas of Cenomanian producing complex” Project.
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Wang, Shu Yun, Xiong Gang Xie, and Xi Chen. "Computer Aided Design for Safety Analysis of Excavation in Stratified Rock Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3197.
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Stratified rock mass is widely existing in tunnel engineering. The most relevant feature of stratified rocks is the occurrence of very persistent bedding, which makes the rock-mass highly non-isotropic. A number of techniques for designing underground excavations in stratified media have been described in the literature, like theoretical method and laboratory test, which can only be applied in analyzing the problem with simple geometry and costs much expense. Recently, with rapid development of computer technique, numerical simulation methods have been widely applied in engineerin. Among all the numerical simulation methods, fast lagrangian explicit finite difference code of continua (FLAC3D) is widely used to solve practical problems, especially in field of elasto-plastic characteristic, large deformation analysis and construction procedure. So in the present paper, numerical simulation for the failure mode of stratified rock mass after tunnel excavation is done by FLAC3D, which can give further guidance to understand the anisotropic characteristic of stratified rock mass.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Dorner, Dorothée. "Indentation methods in experimental rock deformation." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970154216.
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Lindkvist, Göran. "Characterisation methods and simulation of deformation and failure in metal forming processes /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2010. http://pure.ltu.se/ws/fbspretrieve/4458800.
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Puttiwongrak, Avirut. "Geomechanical Studies on Fluid Flow Behaviour Influencing Rock Deformation Mechanisms of Mudstones and Sandstones." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180488.
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Patton, William. "Modelling of unequally sampled rock properties using geostatistical simulation and machine learning methods." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2530.
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Important orebody characteristics that determine viability of the mineral resource and ore reserve potential such as physical properties, mineralogical and geochemical compositions often vary substantially across an ore deposit. Geometallurgical models aim to capture the spatial relationships between mineral compositions, physical properties of rock and their interactions with mechanical and chemical processes during mining extraction and processing. This characterisation of physical and chemical properties of ores can in turn be used to inform mining and processing decisions that enable the extraction of the maximum value from the ore deposit most efficiently. During the construction of such spatial geometallurgical models, practitioners are presented with many challenges. These include modelling high-dimensional data of various types including categorical, continuous and compositional attributes and their uncertainties. Decisions on how to segregate samples data into spatially and statistically homogeneous groups to satisfy modelling assumptions such as stationarity are often a requirement. Secondary properties such as metallurgical test results are often few in number, acquired on larger scales than that of primary rock property data and non-additive in nature. In this thesis a data driven workflow that aims to address these challenges when constructing geometallurgical models of ore deposits is devised. Spatial machine learning techniques are used to derive geometallurgical categories, or classes, from multiscale, multiresolution, high dimensional rock properties. In supervised mode these methods are also used to predict geometallurgical classes at samples where rock property information is incomplete. Realisations of the layout of geometallurgical classes and the variabilities of associated rock properties are then mapped using geostatistical simulations and machine learning. The workflow is demonstrated using a case study at Orebody H; a complex stratabound Bedded Iron Ore deposit in Western Australia’s Pilbara. A detailed stochastic model of five compositions representing primary rock properties and geometallurgical responses in the form of lump and fine product iron ore quality specifications was constructed. The predicted product grade recoveries are realistic values that honour constraints of the predicted head grade compositions informed by more abundant and regularly spaced sampling than metallurgical tests. Finally, uncertainties are quantified to assess risk following a confidence interval based framework. This could be used to identify zones of high uncertainty where collection of additional data might help mitigate or minimise risks and in turn improve forecast production performances.
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Zhang, Lianyang. "Determination and applications of rock quality designation (RQD)." Elsevier/SCIENCE PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622156.
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Characterization of rock masses and evaluation of their mechanical properties are important and challenging tasks in rock mechanics and rock engineering. Since in many cases rock quality designation (RQD) is the only rock mass classification index available, this paper outlines the key aspects on determination of RQD and evaluates the empirical methods based on RQD for determining the deformation modulus and unconfined compressive strength of rock masses. First, various methods for determining RQD are presented and the effects of different factors on determination of RQD are highlighted. Then, the empirical methods based on RQD for determining the deformation modulus and unconfined compressive strength of rock masses are briefly reviewed. Finally, the empirical methods based on RQD are used to determine the deformation modulus and unconfined compressive strength of rock masses at five different sites including 13 cases, and the results are compared with those obtained by other empirical methods based on rock mass classification indices such as rock mass rating (RMR), Q-system (Q) and geological strength index (GSI). It is shown that the empirical methods based on RQD tend to give deformation modulus values close to the lower bound (conservative) and unconfined compressive strength values in the middle of the corresponding values from different empirical methods based on RMR, Q and GSI. The empirical methods based on RQD provide a convenient way for estimating the mechanical properties of rock masses but, whenever possible, they should be used together with other empirical methods based on RMR, Q and GSI. (C) 2016 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
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Wang, Shuang. "A volumetric mesh-free deformation method for surgical simulation in virtual environments." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 78 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885755951&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Du, Wei 1962. "Numerical modeling of mixed mode multiple crack propagation and its application to the simulation of nonlinear rock deformation and borehole breakout." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282298.
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Rock is a very heterogeneous material, containing structural weakness at all scales. These weaknesses include grain boundaries, pores, and cracks on the small scale, and joints, faults, and bedding planes on the large scale. Nonlinear rock deformation in the low-temperature, low-confinement regime is due primarily to the growth of cracks from these weaknesses and the coalescence of cracks to form macroscopic structural features. Another important aspect of rock deformation and failure is the statistical distribution of weaknesses in the initial microstructure. Borehole breakout is the process by which portions of a borehole wall fracture or spall when subjected to compressive stresses. Studies of borehole breakout in the past twenty years include experiments, field studies, and numerical modeling. With regards to the numerical modeling of borehole breakout, the rock surrounding the borehole is considered as a nonlinear continuum material in most of the previous approaches. Experiments and field studies, however, have shown that the heterogeneous and discontinuous nature of rock has a strong impact on the mechanics of borehole breakout. This dissertation describes a numerical model that has been developed to simulate the damage of rock and the corresponding non-linear stress-strain behavior, and also the progression of borehole breakout in heterogeneous and discontinuous rock by mixed mode crack growth, interaction, and coalescence. The rock is simulated as an elastic material containing a random distribution of cracks. As compressive load is applied, the initial cracks grow, interact, and coalesce to form macroscopic fractures. The numerical model was developed by making a series of modifications to the displacement discontinuity code of Crouch and Starfield (Crouch & Starfield, 1983). The most important modifications include modifying the boundary element for the calculation of stress intensity factors, adding Coulomb friction for closed portions of cracks, adding a crack generator, and adding an algorithm for crack coalescence. The numerical model is used to simulate the non-linear deformation and the progression of breakout in Westerly granite, and the results are realistic.
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Basnet, Shiva. "Spatial Analysis of Rock Textures." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1349988757.
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Vengeon, Jean-Marc. "Déformation et rupture des versants en terrain métamorphique anisotrope : apport de l'étude des ruines de Séchilienne." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10232.
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La rupture des versants rocheux est une source de risque majeur dans toutes les regions montagneuses. Les terrains metamorphiques anisotropes presentent tout l'eventail des mecanismes de deformation, lesquels sont analyses dans la premiere partie de ce travail a partir d'exemples europeens. L'etude pluridisciplinaire des ruines de sechilienne, presentee en seconde partie, revet un interet particulier du fait de la complexite du phenomene et par l'ampleur des moyens d'auscultation et de surveillance mis en uvre pendant une decennie (1988-1998). Nous avons menees trois approches complementaires : geologique, geomecanique, hydrogeologique. L'approche geologique a permise une description fine de la structure du versant a toutes les echelles. L'approche geomecanique a consiste a elaborer un modele structural simplifie et a tester numeriquement differentes hypotheses par la methodes des elements distincts. Ceci nous autorise a proposer un mecanisme en accord qualitatif avec les observations de terrain et les mesures de deplacement. Ce mecanisme de rupture interne, controle par les grandes familles de discontinuites preexistantes, induit des concentrations de contrainte et des efforts de traction pouvant provoquer un endommagement progressif et irreversible du massif. Enfin, l'approche hydrogeologique s'est attachee a analyser le debit, la temperature ainsi que la composition chimique et isotopique des eaux du massif, pour preciser leur origine et leur mode d'ecoulement. En couplant les trois approches, on a pu proposer un modele hydromecanique global expliquant l'influence de la pluviometrie sur le rythme de la deformation du versant. Des pistes sont avancees pour etudier la geometrie probable de la rupture. Par contre, la prevision de la date de la rupture reste hors d'atteinte. Enfin, l'observation du versant sud de la toura, a saint-christophe-en-oisans, suggere que le mecanisme de rupture interne pourrait etre plus repandu qu'on ne le croit.
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Aben, Frans. "Experimental simulation of the seismic cycle in fault damage zones." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU012/document.
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Les séismes le long de grandes failles crustales représentent un danger énorme pour de nombreuses populations. Le mécanique de ces failles est influencé par des zones endommagées qui entourent le coeur de faille. La fracturation dans ces zones contrôle chaque étape du cycle sismique. En effet, cette zone contrôle la mécanique de la rupture sismique, elle est un conduit pour les fluides, réagit chimiquement sous l'effet de fluides réactifs, et facilite la déformation pendant les périodes post- et inter-sismiques. Dans cette thèse de doctorat, des expériences de laboratoire ont été réalisées pour mieux comprendre 1) la façon dont l'endommagement est généré pendant le chargement transitoire co-sismique, 2) comment l'endommagement permet de mieux contraindre le chargement co-sismique le long de grandes failles, et iii) comment les fractures peuvent se cicatriser au fil du temps et contrôler l'évolution de la perméabilité et de la résistance mécanique de la faille.L'introduction de la thèse propose une revue critique de la littérature sur la génération de dommages co-sismiques et en particulier sur la formation des roches pulvérisées. Le potentiel de ces roches comme marqueur des déformations co-sismiques est discuté. Bien que ces roches pulvérisées soient prometteuses pour ces aspects, plusieurs questions restent ouvertes.L'une de ces questions concerne les conditions de chargement transitoire nécessaires pour atteindre la pulvérisation. Le seuil de taux de deformation pour atteindre la pulvérisation peut être réduit par des endommagemments progressifs, au cours de ruptures sismiques successives. Des barres de Hopkinson ont été utilisées pour effectuer des chargements dynamique successifs d'une roche cristalline (monzonite). Les résultats montrent que le seuil pour atteindre la pulvérisation est réduit d'au moins 50% lorsque des chargements successives sont imposés. Cette thèse discute aussi pourquoi les roches pulvérisées sont presque toujours observées dans des roches cristallines et peu dans des roches sédimentaires poreuses. Pour comprendre cette observation, des expériences à haute vitesse de déformation ont été effectuées sur des grès de Rothbach. Les résultats montrent que la pulvérisation des grains eux mêmes ne se produit pas dans les grès. L'endommagement reste se produit principalement à une échelle supérieure à celle grains, et des bandes de compaction sont observées. La compétition entre l'endommagement inter- et intra-granulaire est expliquée par les paramètres microstructuraux en combinant deux modèles micromécaniques classiques. Les microstructures observées dans les grès peuvent se former dans le régime quasi-statiques et aussi dans le régime dynamique. Par conséquent, il est recommandée d'être prudent lors de l'interprétation du mécanisme de deformation dans les roches sédimentaires proches de la surface. La dernière question abordée durant la thèse est la cicatrisation post-sismique de fractures co-sismiques. Des expériences ont été réalisées pour cicatriser des fissures par précipitation de calcite. Le but est l'étude du couplage entre l'augmentation de résistance mécanique de la roche fissurée et l'évolution de la perméabilité. Les échantillons fracturées ont été soumis à des conditions de pression et températures similaires de la croûte supérieure et à une percolation d'un fluide sursaturé en calcite pendant plusieurs mois. Ce couplage non-existe dans les premières étapes de la cicatrisation. Il est révélé par l'imagerie par tomographie aux rayons X que le scellement naissant des fractures se produit dans les porosités situées en aval de barrières d'écoulement, et donc dans des régions qui ne touchent pas les principales voies d'écoulement du fluide. Le découplage entre l'augmentation de résistance de la roche et la perméabilité suggère que les zones d'endommagement peu profondes dans les failles actives peuvent rester des conduits actifs pour les fluides plusieurs années après un séismeEarthquakes along large crustal scale faults are a huge hazard threatening large populations. The behavior of such faults is influenced by the fault damage zone that surrounds the fault core. Fracture damage in such fault damage zones influences each stage of the seismic cycle. The damage zone influences rupture mechanics, behaves as a fluid conduit to release pressurized fluids at depth or to give access to reactive fluids to alter the fault core, and facilitates strain during post- and interseismic periods. Also, it acts as an energy sink for earthquake energy. Here, laboratory experiments were performed to come to a better understanding of how this fracture damage is formed during coseismic transient loading, what this fracture damage can tell us about the earthquake rupture conditions along large faults, and how fracture damage is annihilated over time.First, coseismic damage generation, and specifically the formation of pulverized fault damage zone rock, is reviewed. The potential of these pulverized rocks as a coseismic marker for rupture mechanisms is discussed. Although these rocks are promising in that aspect, several open questions remain.One of these open questions is if the transient loading conditions needed for pulverization can be reduced by progressively damaging during many seismic events. The successive high strain rate loadings performed on quartz monzonites using a split Hopkinson pressure bar reveal that indeed the pulverization strain rate threshold is reduced by at least 50%.Another open question is why pulverized rocks are almost always observed in crystalline lithologies and not in more porous rock, even when crystalline and porous rocks are juxtaposed by a fault. To study this observation, high strain rate experiments were performed on porous Rothbach sandstone. The results show that pervasive pulverization below the grain scale, such as observed in crystalline rock, does not occur in the sandstone samples for the explored strain rate range (60-150 s-1). Damage is mainly occurs at a scale superior to that of the scale of the grains, with intragranular deformation occurring only in weaker regions where compaction bands are formed. The competition between inter- and intragranular damage during dynamic loading is explained with the geometric parameters of the rock in combination with two classic micromechanical models: the Hertzian contact model and the pore-emanated crack model. In conclusion, the observed microstructures can form in both quasi-static and dynamic loading regimes. Therefore caution is advised when interpreting the mechanism responsible for near-fault damage in sedimentary rock near the surface. Moreover, the results suggest that different responses of different lithologies to transient loading are responsible for sub-surface damage zone asymmetry.Finally, post-seismic annihilation of coseismic damage by calcite assisted fracture sealing has been studied in experiments, so that the coupling between strengthening and permeability of the fracture network could be studied. A sample-scale fracture network was introduced in quartz monzonite samples, followed exposure to upper crustal conditions and percolation of a fluid saturated with calcite for several months. A large recovery of up to 50% of the initial P-wave velocity drop has been observed after the sealing experiment. In contrast, the permeability remained more or less constant for the duration of the experiment. This lack of coupling between strengthening and permeability in the first stages of sealing is explained by X-ray computed micro tomography. Incipient sealing in the fracture spaces occurs downstream of flow barriers, thus in regions that do not affect the main fluid flow pathways. The decoupling of strength recovery and permeability suggests that shallow fault damage zones can remain fluid conduits for years after a seismic event, leading to significant transformations of the core and the damage zone of faults with time
Books on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Davy, Ph. Modélisation thermo-mécanique de la collision continentale. Rennes, France: Centre armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, LP CNRS no 4661, Université de Rennes I, 1986.
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Luehring, Ronald W. Methods for determining in situ deformation of rock masses. Denver, Colo: Geotechnical Branch, Division of Research and Laboratory Services, Engineering and Research Center, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1988.
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Modelling the effects of blasting on rock breakage. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1995.
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Lieblich, D. A. Integrated use of surface-geophysical methods to indicate subsurface fractures at Milford, New Hampshire. Hartford, Conn: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.
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Lieblich, D. A. Integrated use of surface-geophysical methods to indicate subsurface fractures at Tibbetts Road, Barrington, New Hampshire. Hartford, Conn: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.
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L, Hill John. Cut ter roof failure: An overview of the causes and methods for control. Avondale, Md: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1986.
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Beus, Michael J. Application of field measurements and computer modeling to evaluate deep mine shaft stability in northern Idaho. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1996.
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Massoud, Hamid. Modélisation de la petite fracturation par les techniques de la géostatistique. Orléans, France: BRGM, 1988.
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Shikhin, I͡U S. Geologicheskoe kartirovanie i ot͡senka rudonosnosti razryvnykh narusheniĭ. Moskva: "Nedra", 1991.
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Matematicheskie metody modelirovanii͡a︡ treshchinnykh struktur rudnykh mestorozhdeniĭ. Moskva: "Nauka", 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Kitauchi, Hiroaki, Satoshi Nishiyama, and Junsheng Song. "Consideration of countermeasures using rockfall simulation by discontinuous deformation analysis." In Rock Dynamics: Progress and Prospect, Volume 2, 252–57. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003359159-44.
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Liu, Feng, Zediao Chen, and Zhiyin Guo. "Simulation of dynamic crack propagation and crack branching of brittle material with disk-based discontinuous deformation analysis." In Rock Dynamics: Progress and Prospect, Volume 2, 97–102. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003359159-18.
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Harrison, J. A., S. B. Sinnott, C. T. White, D. W. Brenner, and R. J. Colton. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Atomic-Scale Adhesion, Deformation, Friction, and Modification of Diamond Surfaces." In Forces in Scanning Probe Methods, 175–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0049-6_18.
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Zuo, Shuangying, Xiaoyong Zhao, Donglei Zhao, and Jing Zhang. "Yield Criterion and Simulation Validation for Different Deformation Modes of Layered Rock Mass Based on Transversely Isotropic Theory." In Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, 60–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95753-1_6.
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Tagawa, Kazuyoshi, Koichi Hirota, and Michitaka Hirose. "A Study on Haptic Interaction and Simulation of Motion and Deformation of Elastic Object." In Human Interface and the Management of Information. Methods, Techniques and Tools in Information Design, 985–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73345-4_111.
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Guglielmi, Yves, Frederic Cappa, Hervé Lançon, Jean Bernard Janowczyk, Jonny Rutqvist, C. F. Tsang, and J. S. Y. Wang. "ISRM Suggested Method for Step-Rate Injection Method for Fracture In-Situ Properties (SIMFIP): Using a 3-Components Borehole Deformation Sensor." In The ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 2007-2014, 179–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07713-0_14.
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Yang, Yongming, Xiwen Li, and Yao Chen. "The Influence of Different Excavation Methods on Deep Foundation Pit and Surrounding Environment." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 109–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_11.
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AbstractTaking a deep foundation pit in Shijiazhuang, Beijing as the background of the project, combined with the excavation range of the deep foundation pit and the spatial location and geometry of the surrounding engineering bodies, FLAC3D software is used to establish a numerical model of the deep foundation pit excavation containing the deep foundation pit, surrounding buildings and underground tunnels and other engineering bodies. The numerical model truly reflects the geometric size and spatial location relationship between deep foundation pit and surrounding engineering bodies. Based on the numerical model, the numerical simulation of deep foundation pit excavation under different excavation methods was carried out. The analysis of the horizontal displacement of the support structure during the excavation of the deep foundation pit, the investigation of the surrounding buildings and surface settlement and the deformation of the metro tunnel. The influence mechanism of different excavation methods on the safety of deep foundation pit, surrounding buildings and tunnel were discussed. It is concluded that the excavation method has less influence on the deformation and displacement of the deep foundation pit and the surrounding buildings and tunnels under the condition of shallow excavation depth. As the excavation depth increases, the effect of the excavation method on the deformation of the deep foundation pit, buildings, tunnels and surface settlement increases. The layered excavation method is suitable for deep foundation pits with shallow excavation depths, while the layered section excavation method is more suitable for deep foundation pits with deep excavation depths. Deep foundation pit excavation has a smaller effect on the deformation of the tunnel. The surrounding buildings have a greater influence on the deformation during the excavation of the deep foundation pit, but the effect of the buildings on it is less than the limiting effect of the prestressing anchor cables on the deformation of the deep foundation pit.
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Zhang, G. Y., Y. X. Xiao, J. H. Zhang, and J. Y. Luo. "Study on Optimization of Row Spacing Between Steel Arches in Deep Buried Fault Cave Sections." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 412–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_38.
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AbstractAs a widely used support form in tunnel support, the support effect of steel arch is influenced by the row distance between steel arches. In F8 fault fracture zone of the North Main Canal of Letan Reservoir in Guangxi, the support system of “steel arch + shotcrete” in this faulted cavern section was equalized with elastic modulus and yield stress by using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the characteristic curves of rock support of deeply buried circular cavern under modified axisymmetric loading were obtained. The sensitivity analysis and optimization study of the spacing between steel arches were conducted by using FLAC3D. The results show that with the increase of steel arch spacing, the cavity wall displacement increases, the support reaction force decreases nonlinearly, and the radial displacement and plastic zone around the cavity continue to increase. When the distance between steel arches >600 mm, the deformation of cavern perimeter changes abruptly and the plastic zone increases significantly. Based on comprehensive analysis, the optimization suggestions of steel arch are proposed.
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Abdulali, Arsen, and Seokhee Jeon. "Haptic Software Design." In Springer Series on Touch and Haptic Systems, 537–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04536-3_12.
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AbstractThis chapter reviews design concepts of haptic modeling and rendering software. The main focus lies in realistic kinesthetic and tactile haptic models for virtual and augmented reality based on the data collected from physical objects. We consider both data-driven algorithms providing a black-box action-response mapping and measurement-based approaches identifying parameters of physics-based models. To show the research landscape and highlight ongoing research challenges, we introduce a series of state-of-the-art methods including data-driven models with deterministic and stochastic responses, physics-based simulation using optimization-based FEM solver, and hybrid approaches of combining the concepts of both data-driven and physics-based methods. These examples also cover a wide range of haptic properties, i.e., modeling and rendering of elasticity and plasticity, tool deformation, and haptic textures.
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Liu, Bin, Jingyi Liu, Yongshui Kang, and Yuanguang Zhu. "Deformation Mechanism of Closely-Spaced Roadways Group in Deep Coal Mine." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde221206.
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The geo-stress of surrounding rock in deep coalmine is usually high. Mutual disturbance between closely-spaced roadways can cause severe deformation, or even induce engineering disasters such as roof collapse and rib spalling. Based on the engineering of closely spaced roadway group in No. 6 Coalmine of Pingdingshan mining area, the mechanism of excavation deformation and ring breaking of tunnel group with small clear distance is studied sing the methods of laboratory experiment, numerical simulation. The results have shown that: among the three common roadway layout modes, the stability of surrounding rock is successively inclined, vertical and horizontal from high to low, and the optimal spacing of three ways of roadway group layout within closely-spaced distance range (8–15m) is given. The deformation monitoring is carried out in many parts of the roadway, and the simulation results are consistent with the field monitoring data.
Conference papers on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Yang, Hui-Yuan. "Numerical simulation of the deformation control of surrounding rock of large-span tunnel in soft rock under different excavation methods." In 2015 International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics (ICMM2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814699143_0126.
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Liu, Lijun, Yongzan Liu, Xiaoguang Wang, and Jun Yao. "A Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Model for Simulation of Two-Phase Flow and Geomechanical Deformation in Naturally Fractured Porous Media." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2097.
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents a coupled fluid flow and geomechanics model for analysis of two-phase flow and deformation behaviors in naturally fractured porous media. The discrete fracture model (DFM) is used to model two-phase fluid flow. The zero-thickness interface element method coupled with a modified Barton-Bandis’s constitutive model is applied to model the mechanical behavior of natural fractures. The finite volume (FVM) and finite element (FEM) methods are used for the discretization of flow and geomechanical equations, respectively. The coupled problem is iteratively solved using the fixed-stress splitting algorithm. Then the proposed model is applied to investigate the two-phase fluid flow in fractured porous media under various in-situ stress conditions. The results show that fracture aperture significantly increases as the differential stress increases due to shear dilation, which accordingly enhances the equivalent permeability of the fractured medium. Channelized flow is formed through the dilated fractures, which results in early water breakthrough and reduces the water sweep efficiency. This study illustrates the importance of shear dilation on two-phase flow behaviors in fractured porous media and highlights the necessity of considering shear dilation for accurate prediction of saturation distributions. The simulations also demonstrate the capacity of our model to capture the complex coupled behavior induced by the interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress loadings. 1. INTRODUCTION Hydro-mechanical coupling in fractured media is an important issue in various engineering applications, such as oil and gas recovery (Moinfar et al. 2013; Yan et al. 2018), geothermal reservoirs (Pandey et al. 2017; Li et al. 2019), CO2 sequestration (Rutqvist et al. 2007; Cappa and Rutqvist 2011), and nuclear waste disposal (Nguyen and Selvadurai 1995; Yow and Hunt 2002). As the high-conductive flow channels and weak surfaces, fractures are often characterized by the rough surfaces, which could deform under the joint influence of normal closure and shear dilation. In particular, shear dilation may play a dominant role when rough fractures suffer certain shear displacement, which is believed to be able to significantly enhance the fracture permeability (Zhang et al. 2008).
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Zhang, Jinwang, Dongliang Cheng, and Yinchao Yang. "Influence of Microscopic Parameters of Particle Flow Code on Uniaxial Compressive Simulation of Rock/coal Material." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0908.
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ABSTRACT: Coal and rock materials are naturally formed non-continuous heterogeneous materials. Laboratory tests through field sampling can intuitively and effectively obtain various parameter data of material deformation and failure, thus providing theoretical and data basis for specific engineering design. But the laboratory test cost is high, the labor intensity is big, mainly cannot carry on the repetitive test to the single material, and the numerical simulation calculation just makes up for these shortcomings and can verify the laboratory test results. As a powerful discrete element particle flow analysis software, PFC can truly simulate the microscopic parameters of materials and calculate the deformation and failure of materials. The determination of microscopic parameters of materials has become the primary problem to be solved. At present, only macro parameters of the sample are generally considered in most numerical simulation tests, and the accuracy of the micro parameters is difficult to ensure, resulting in low accuracy of the test results. In order to study the influence of micro parameters on the deformation and failure of specimens in uniaxial compression test, PFC2D was used to establish parallel bond models with different micro parameters (tensile strength, cohesion and bond gap). The uniaxial compression test of coal and rock samples was carried out, and the influence of different parameters on the deformation and uniaxial compressive strength of samples was analyzed. This paper mainly studies the influence of the microscopic parameters of the parallel bond model on the uniaxial compression test results. The research results provide theoretical and data basis for the setting of microscopic parameters in the uniaxial compression numerical simulation test of related materials, and help to improve the accuracy of the uniaxial compression numerical simulation test. 1. INTRODUCTION In the study of engineering problems related to geotechnical engineering, the research and analysis of rock mechanical properties is the most basic and primary work, which is of indispensable significance to engineering design. In recent years, the particle flow code (PFC) has obtained a lot of attempts and applications in various engineering and rock mechanics studies, which can easily deal with the mechanical problems of discontinuous media, intuitively reflect the fracture development and failure process in the simulated medium, and is widely recognized by the industry. However, the model parameters need to be calibrated in PFC simulation. At present, the "trial-and-error method" is generally used in the calibration of parameters, that is, to find reasonable parameters that are basically consistent with the physical experiment phenomenon through multiple attempts to modify relevant parameters. Due to the lack of effective theoretical guidance, a large number of model calculations have to be carried out to calibrate the parameters. Most engineering models have large volume and slow calculation speed, resulting in low efficiency of parameter calibration. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of the influence of the microscopic parameters of the model on the simulation results and the attempt to put forward the reasonable interval of the microscopic parameters according to the physical test results have important reference significance for the numerical simulation of mechanical tests and related engineering problems.
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Prassetyo, S. H., Stephen Zheng, R. K. Wattimena, and A. Baskara. "Assessing the Performance of Various Initial Support Systems for Tunneling in Swelling Clay – a Case Study from the Manikin Diversion Tunnel in Indonesia." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2356.
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ABSTRACT: This paper describes the swelling phenomenon that occurs in the Manikin tunnel, an ongoing diversion tunnel for the Manikin Dam Project in Kupang, Indonesia, driven through swelling clay underlain by the Bobonaro Formation. The Manikin tunnel experiences significant large deformation, resulting in substantial damage to its initial supporting structures. Three initial support systems are assessed through numerical simulation using the 2-D finite element method, namely: (1) the original design, (2) larger steel-rib + invert beam, and (3) the original design with forepoling + invert beam. To represent the swelling phenomenon, a zone of ground strength reduction is developed in the area surrounding the tunnel, and swelling pressure is exerted on the initial lining. This method is able to match the results of convergence monitoring. Numerical simulations show that the original initial support design results in large convergence up to 89 cm or 11.4% strain and thickness of plastic zone up to 3 m, but the proposed alternative support systems are able to control the convergence much better. For the initial support with larger steel rib + invert beam, the convergence is only 14 cm or 1.8% strain, and for the original support with forepoling + invert beam, the convergence is only 9 cm or 1.2% strain. This paper points out that the original support design with forepoling + invert beam yields the best supporting method as it results in the smallest horizontal and diagonal convergences. 1. INTRODUCTION Tunneling through swelling clay always poses a challenge in soft ground tunneling. The driven ground containing clay minerals tends to increase in volume when it comes into contact with water. The increase in volume, which is time-dependent, leads to inward movement of the tunnel perimeter. Large deformation, heaving of the tunnel floor, cracking of the sprayed shotcrete and poured concrete lining, and bending of the installed steel ribs are some of the many common manifestations of the swelling phenomenon. If remediating support measures are not performed effectively and in a timely manner, deformation may continue to increase with time, resulting in a complete collapse of the cavity.
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Wu, Dawei, Yuan Di, and Yu-Shu Wu. "Coupled Simulation of Flow and Geomechanics in Fractured Reservoirs Using an Integrally Embedded Discrete Fracture Model." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203967-ms.
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Abstract Fluid flow in fractured reservoirs is significantly affected by the effect of geomechanics since fractures can be more stress-sensitive than rock matrix. In this work, we present a flow and geomechanics coupled model for the simulation of fractured reservoirs. The flow model uses the integrally embedded discrete fracture model (IEDFM). This model considers a more improved pressure distribution assumption in the vicinity of fractures compared to traditional EDFM and calculates the matrix-fracture transmissibility semi-analytically. Another advantage of the IEDFM is the capability of modeling flow between matrix and fractures in anisotropic reservoirs. The geomechanical model uses the equivalent continuum approach, which introduces an equivalent material to capture the deformation of both rock matrix and fractures. Constitutive models are established for both natural fractures and hydraulic fractures to capture the stress-dependent fracture stiffness. The force balance equation is discretized by the finite element method (FEM) and coupled with IEDFM to form an iterative coupling simulation approach. A water flooding example in a naturally fractured reservoir and a depletion example from a horizontal well with hydraulic fractures in a tight oil reservoir are investigated to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model in coupled flow and geomechanics simulation of fractured reservoirs.
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Han, Zheng, Guotong Ren, and Rami M. Younis. "Unified Reservoir And Seismic Simulation With Explicit Representation Of Fractures And Faults." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203979-ms.
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Abstract In the context of remote sensing, the vast disparity in characteristic scales between seismic deformation (e.g. milliseconds) and transient flow (e.g. hours) allows a "two-model paradigm" for geophysics and reservoir simulation. In the context of flow-induced geohazard risk mitigation and micro-seismic data integration, this paradigm breaks down. Under micro-seismic deformation, events occur with high-frequency, and over sustained duration during which the rock-fluid coupling is significant. In risk mitigation scenarios, the onset of seismic deformation is directly tied to quasi-static coupling periods. This work develops an approach to reservoir simulation modeling that allows simultaneous resolution of transient (inertial) poromechanics and multiphase fluid flow in the presence of fracture. A mixed discretization scheme combining the extended finite element method (XFEM) and the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) is extended using a second-order implicit Newmark time integration scheme for the inertial mechanics. A Lagrange multiplier method is developed to model pressure-dependent contact traction in fractures. The contact constraints are adapted to accommodate fracture opening. Slip-weakening fracture friction models are incorporated. Finally, a time-step controller is proposed to combine local discretization error with contact traction and slip-rate control along the fractures. This strategy allows automatic adaptation to resolve quasi-static, inter-seismic triggering, and co-seismic spontaneous rupture periods within one model. The model is verified to simulate complete induced earthquake sequences, including inter-seismic and dynamic rupture phases. The performance of the adaptive model is illustrated for cases with various set-ups of production and injection periods in a fractured reservoir with explicit fracture representation.
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Gutierrez-Sosa, Lesly, Sebastian Geiger, and Florian Doster. "A Fast Screening Tool for Assessing the Impact of Poro-Mechanics on Fractured Reservoirs Using Dual-Porosity Flow Diagnostics." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203981-ms.
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Abstract Accounting for poro-mechanical effects in full-field reservoir simulation studies and uncertainty quantification workflows is still limited, mainly because of their high computational cost. We introduce a new approach that couples hydrodynamics and poro-mechanics with dual-porosity flow diagnostics to analyse how poro-mechanics could impact reservoir dynamics in naturally fractured reservoirs without significantly increasing computational overhead. Our new poro-mechanical informed dual-porosity flow diagnostics account for steady-state and singlephase flow conditions in the fractured medium while the fracture-matrix fluid exchange is approximated using a physics-based transfer rate constant which models two-phase flow using an analytical solution for spontaneous imbibition or gravity drainage. The deformation of the system is described by the dualporosity poro-elastic theory, which is based on mixture theory and micromechanics to compute the effective stresses and strains of the rock matrix and fractures. The solutions to the fluid flow and rock deformation equations are coupled sequentially. The governing equations for fluid flow are discretised using a finite volume method with two-point flux-approximation while the governing equations for poro- mechanics are discretised using the virtual element method. The solution of the coupled system considers stress-dependent permeabilities for fractures and matrix. Our framework is implemented in the open source MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST). We present a case study using a fractured carbonate reservoir analogue to illustrate the integration of poro-mechanics within the dual-porosity flow diagnostics framework. The extended flow diagnostics calculations enable us to quickly screen how the dynamics in fractured reservoirs (e.g. reservoir connectivity, sweep efficiency, fracture-matrix transfer rates) are affected by the complex interactions between poro-mechanics and fluid flow where changes in pore pressure and effective stress modify petrophysical properties and hence impact reservoir dynamics. Due to the steady-state nature of the calculations and the effective coupling strategy, these calculations do not incur significant computational overheads. They hence provide an efficient complement to traditional reservoir simulation and uncertainty quantification workflows as they enable us to assess a broader range of reservoir uncertainties (e.g. geological, petrophysical and hydro-mechanical uncertainties). The capability of studying a much broader range of uncertainties allows the comparison and ranking from a large ensemble of reservoir models and select individual candidates for more detailed full-physics reservoir simulation studies without compromising on assessing the range of uncertainties inherent to fractured reservoirs.
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Yu, Xiangyu, Cong Wang, Xia Yan, Shihao Wang, Lei Wang, Philip Winterfeld, and Yu-Shu Wu. "A 3D Coupled Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanical THM Model Using EDFM and XFEM for Hydraulic-Fracture-Dominated Geothermal Reservoirs." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203983-ms.
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Abstract Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) are those geothermal reservoirs artificially fractured to create paths for injected low-temperature fluid which is then heated up along the flow path until production for electricity generation. This heat recovery involves three tightly coupled processes: thermal, hydraulic and mechanical which interacts with each other and in turn affects the energy production. The local temperature field would be disturbed by injected fluid, resulting in thermal/poroelastic responses near the hydraulic fractured area which are the dominant factors of fluid flow. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) was adopted to describe the geometry of the fracture and simulate fluid flow and heat transfer between fractures and the matrix, while mechanics, including displacement of the strong discontinuity (fractures), was solved by the 3D eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM). With the capability of modeling fractures of arbitrary shapes within a 3D reservoir domain using 3D EDFM-XFEM, a coupled THM model was developed based on the unconditionally stable fixed-stress split sequential-implicit method, where the fluid flow/heat transfer module and mechanics module are solved iteratively until convergence within a time step. Fluid flow/heat transfer and XFEM with internal/external tractions are both validated by comparison with existing simulators. We conducted simulations for two synthetic geothermal reservoir heat recovery cases to investigate the effects of the injection temperature and boundary traction condition on the production temperature and fracture deformation. The results indicate that the fracture aperture and permeability are sensitive to temperature variation and hence impact the production rate/temperature. Thermal strain might be the dominant factor of rock deformation, especially in the shallow depth where geostress is at a low level.
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Yarahmadi, Asghar, Rebecca Brannon, and Carlos Bonifasi Lista. "A Thermoplastic Constitutive Modeling and Geotechnical Centrifuge Simulation of Partially Saturated Soil Under Buried Explosive Loading." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62519.
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In high-rate failure models for geological and rock-like materials, heating due to inelastic deformation is often neglected or accommodated incompletely through the use of an isentropic elastic response. However, for realistic prediction of geomaterials response to high-rate large deformations with significant released energy (such as buried explosive), dissipation caused by the initial mechanical work of the blast wave results in a non-negligible entropy generation that must be accounted for in constitutive modeling. In this study, thermal effects in the vicinity of a buried explosive in partially saturated soil are investigated using the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL++) detonation model of High Explosive (HE) material, along with coupled multiphysics balance equations in an open-source massively parallel computational framework (Uintah) via Material Point Method (MPM) and Implicit, Continuous fluid, Eulerian (ICE) for compressible multi-material formulation of fluid-structure interactions (including highly pressurized explosive gaseous products). The temperature is allowed to evolve according to thermo-plasticity equations (derived from dissipation inequalities and basic conservation/thermodynamics laws) and thereafter, the state of internal variables (porosity, entropy, yield stress, etc) and stress in the partially saturated soil are determined for the obtained temperature. In order to account for material hardening from pore collapse, a yield surface based on Gurson’s upper bound theory evolves with stress, temperature, and internal state variables in plastic phase. Comparisons of soil response to blast loading are provided to quantify the importance of thermal effects. Furthermore, geomaterials develop anisotropy in their response to deformation caused by prompt high-pressure shock waves. Thermodynamic admissibility implies that the fourth-order tangent stiffness tensor of geomaterials must develop a recoverable deformation-induced anisotropy (RDIA) even if the material is initially isotropic. This effect is significant for materials, like geomaterials, that have strongly pressure-sensitive strength. The degree of RDIA and the required additional terms in the form of deformation-induced anisotropy based on thermodynamics requirements in a high-temperature phenomenon are summarized for the region near the buried explosive source in partially saturated soil.
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Feng, Tianheng, Madhu Vadali, and Dongmei Chen. "Modeling and Analysis of Directional Drilling Dynamics." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5358.
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Directional drilling technology provides more flexibility in the selection of rig locations than conventional vertical drilling. It significantly increases drilling efficiency by avoiding undesirable rock formations. In addition, it maximizes production efficiency by increasing the exposed area of a reservoir and grouping multiple reservoirs. In drilling operations, the analysis of drillstring dynamics is critical to circumvent undesirable vibrations and to improve performance. Linear modeling methods are insufficient to describe the system dynamics because directional drilling, unlike vertical drilling, causes the drillstring and the bottomhole assemble (BHA) to bend with a large curvature. In this paper, a model, based on the finite element method (FEM), is established to characterize the dynamics of a directional drill-string. High computational efficiency is achieved by separating the overall displacement into an initial displacement representing the nonlinear bending and a small deformation linear dynamic model. The proposed model is verified against two case studies from the literature, and the comparisons show accurate results. To demonstrate the utility of the proposed model, a BHA force model is included, which considers bit-rock collision, hydraulic damping of the mud, and the eccentricity of the BHA. The simulation results show the capabilities of the model in describing typical drilling vibrations.
Reports on the topic "Rock deformation Simulation methods"
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Nema, Arpit, and Jose Restrep. Low Seismic Damage Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zisp3722.
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This report describes the design, construction, and shaking table response and computation simulation of a Low Seismic-Damage Bridge Bent built using Accelerated Bridge Construction methods. The proposed bent combines precast post-tensioned columns with precast foundation and bent cap to simplify off- and on-site construction burdens and minimize earthquake-induced damage and associated repair costs. Each column consists of reinforced concrete cast inside a cylindrical steel shell, which acts as the formwork, and the confining and shear reinforcement. The column steel shell is engineered to facilitate the formation of a rocking interface for concentrating the deformation demands in the columns, thereby reducing earthquake-induced damage. The precast foundation and bent cap have corrugated-metal-duct lined sockets, where the columns will be placed and grouted on-site to form the column–beam joints. Large inelastic deformation demands in the structure are concentrated at the column–beam interfaces, which are designed to accommodate these demands with minimal structural damage. Longitudinal post-tensioned high-strength steel threaded bars, designed to respond elastically, ensure re-centering behavior. Internal mild steel reinforcing bars, debonded from the concrete at the interfaces, provide energy dissipation and impact mitigation.