Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rock breakage

Academic literature on the topic 'Rock breakage'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rock breakage"

1

Jiang, Hongxiang, Zhiyuan Cai, Ouguo Wang, and Deguang Meng. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Hard Rock Breakage by Indenter Impact." Shock and Vibration 2020 (May 18, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2747830.

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To investigate the effect of indenter shape, impact energy, and impact velocity on the rock breakage performance, a test device for rock fragmentation by indenter impact was developed to obtain the rock breakage volume, depth, and area under different impact conditions. By comparing the rock breakage volume, depth, area, and specific energy consumption, the results show that indenter shape has a greater influence on the rock breakage performance than that of the impact velocity with the same impact energy, and impact energy plays a decisive role in rock breakage performance with an identical indenter shape and impact velocity. For the lowest to highest specific energy consumption, the order of indenter shape is cusp-conical, warhead, hemispherical, spherical-arc, and flat-top under the same impact energy and velocity, but the cusp-conical indenter is damaged after several impacts. The rock breakage volume, depth, and area all increase with the increase in impact energy, but the effect of the impact velocity could be ignored under the same impact energy. In addition, the rock breakage features of the numerical simulation and experiments are similar, which show that the crushing zone close to the indenter impact point is mainly caused by the high compressive stress, and then radial cracks are caused by the accumulative energy release. The findings of this study will contribute to progress in the performance and efficiency for percussive rock drilling.
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Dessouki, Amr El, and Hani Mitri. "Rock Breakage Using Expansive Cement." Engineering 03, no. 02 (2011): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2011.32020.

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Jiang, Hongxiang, and Deguang Meng. "Experimental Research on the Specific Energy Consumption of Rock Breakage Using Different Waterjet-Assisted Cutting Heads." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3853980.

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To investigate the specific energy consumption (SE) of rock breakage by cutting heads assisted by different types of waterjet and to identify optimal waterjet parameters and assistance types, rock cutting with and without waterjets was carried on a rock fragmentation test bed. SE is a comprehensive evaluation index and was developed according to the applied load on cutting head, and the SE under different cutting conditions was compared and analyzed. The results show that the SE of rock breakage without waterjet assistance increased with the increasing of rock compressive strength (RCS) but that the limited drilling depth decreased. The effect of the waterjet pressure on the SE of rock breakage by the cutting head I was marked, and SE decreased by 30∼40% when the ratio between RCS and waterjet pressure was less than 1. However, the function of the waterjet assistance was poor; therefore, a ratio of 1 could be used to distinguish the rock breakage effect of cutting head I. For cutting head II, the rock damage from the waterjet impact was limited due to the large waterjet standoff distance; thus the rock breakage performance of cutting head II was also limited. The waterjet impacting at the tip of the conical pick using cutting head III could enter into the cracks caused by the mechanical pick and fracture the rock. Therefore, the rock breakage performance of cutting head III was better than that of cutting head II.
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Al-Bakri, Ali, and Mohammed Hefni. "A review of some nonexplosive alternative methods to conventional rock blasting." Open Geosciences 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0245.

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Abstract The conventional blasting rock excavation method is the main means of rock breakage because of its high productivity, and it is relatively inexpensive compared to other methods. However, it raises safety concerns and can negatively impact the environment. The major disturbances that may be induced by this method include flyrock, gas emissions, and vibrations. This review discusses some nonexplosive rock breakage methods, particularly the hydraulic splitter and expansive chemical agents, that can be employed instead of the conventional blasting method and analyzes their potential effectiveness in rock breakage. Hydraulic splitting machines and expansive chemical agents were studied in the context of the literature. This review showed that hard rock breaking can be executed effectively and safely using alternative methods, which have a wide range of advantages, including safe operation, ease of use, and environmental friendliness, over conventional explosive methods. Moreover, as modern nonexplosive methods, hydraulic splitting machines and expansive chemical agents can generate pressure of up to 43 and 30–44 MPa to induce stresses in rocks, respectively. Owing to safety and environmental restrictions on conventional blasting, the application scope of the modern methods can be increased in the future.
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Xu, Ying, Xiekang Zhou, and Weimei Gong. "Mechanism and Control of Cable Breakage in a Roadway with Thick Top Coal in a Rockburst Mine." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (June 12, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2275820.

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Because top coal is not stable, a roadway with thick top coal often appears to mine pressure problems, such as bolt failure, cable breakage, and roof caving. In particular, these problems are more serious in rockburst mines. Based on a cable breakage case of No. 3 roadway in Xingcun coal mine, the paper analyzed the stress and elastic energy evolution law of surrounding rock and stress state of cable in the 3# roadway by means of the numerical simulation method. Thus, the cable breakage mechanism of the roadway with thick top coal in rockburst mine was revealed. Then, because surrounding rock grouting can reduce the stress concentration of surrounding rock and cable, surrounding rock grouting technology was proposed as control technology of cable breakage. Finally, parameters of surrounding rock grouting were designed and applied in the No. 3 roadway. The field results showed that surrounding rock grouting technology can be one of the solutions for cable breakage of roadway with thick top coal in rockburst mine. The research results of this paper can provide certain theoretical and practical value for mine pressure control of roadway.
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Vazhov, V. F., S. Y. Datskevich, M. Y. Zhurkov, V. M. Muratov, and B. Jeffryes. "Discharge-mechanical method of rock breakage." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 830 (May 4, 2017): 012148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/830/1/012148.

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7

Chappell, B. A. "Anisotropy in jointed rock mass breakage." Mining Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 1989): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9031(89)90869-4.

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Vazhov, V. F., V. M. Muratov, B. S. Levchenko, S. S. Pel’tsman, D. V. Zhgun, and A. M. Adam. "Rock breakage by pulsed electric discharges." Journal of Mining Science 48, no. 2 (March 2012): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739148020116.

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9

Wang, Xufeng, Xuanlin Wang, Jiyao Wang, and Zhongxi Tian. "Feasibility Study and Prospects of Rock Fragmentation Using Ultrasonic Vibration Excitation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 5868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175868.

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This paper systematically examines the feasibility of using ultrasonic vibration excitation for rock breakage and fragmentation; it focuses on the failure mechanisms of rock mass under the impact of ultrasonic waves, and the development of ultrasonic technology. Laboratory testing using a self-designed system was conducted in this paper to further validate the efficiency and reliability of rock breakage using ultrasonics. The results show that: (i) under the effects of both the high speed impact of ultrasonic vibration excitation and induced rock vibration excitation, a fracture is initiated and propagates rapidly within and outside of the rock. Under ultrasonic vibration excitation for 140 s, the compressive strength decreased by 45.6%; (ii) under the excitation of ultrasonics, the rock specimens failed completely in a short time from inside to outside, and there are distinct fissures in the internal nucleation of the rock. It is suggested that ultrasonic excitation provides a novel and promising option for rock fragmentation and breakage, which optimises the efficiency of underground hard rock engineering.
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10

Jiang, Hongxiang, Changlong Du, Songyong Liu, and Liping Wang. "Theoretical Modeling of Rock Breakage by Hydraulic and Mechanical Tool." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/895835.

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Rock breakage by coupled mechanical and hydraulic action has been developed over the past several decades, but theoretical study on rock fragmentation by mechanical tool with water pressure assistance was still lacking. The theoretical model of rock breakage by mechanical tool was developed based on the rock fracture mechanics and the solution of Boussinesq’s problem, and it could explain the process of rock fragmentation as well as predicating the peak reacting force. The theoretical model of rock breakage by coupled mechanical and hydraulic action was developed according to the superposition principle of intensity factors at the crack tip, and the reacting force of mechanical tool assisted by hydraulic action could be reduced obviously if the crack with a critical length could be produced by mechanical or hydraulic impact. The experimental results indicated that the peak reacting force could be reduced about 15% assisted by medium water pressure, and quick reduction of reacting force after peak value decreased the specific energy consumption of rock fragmentation by mechanical tool. The crack formation by mechanical or hydraulic impact was the prerequisite to improvement of the ability of combined breakage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rock breakage"

1

Banini, George Agbeko. "An integrated description of rock breakage in comminution machines /." [St. Lucia], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16293.pdf.

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Satish, Hemanth. "Exploring microwave assisted rock breakage for possible space mining applications." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83932.

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As humanity prepares to migrate to the frontiers of the Moon and other planets, the area of mining in space must go along for the purpose of exploration and in-situ resource utilization. In the present work the literature that has been developed over the years in the area of mining in space as applicable to Lunar and Martian environments is reviewed. Subsequently, the key mining technologies that are most suitable for Lunar and Martian environments are identified. From the literature review, it is concluded that an optimal combination of both mechanical methods and novel energy (lasers, microwaves, nuclear energy) methods for rock destruction drawing a trade off between the energy and mass would be the most ideal option for space applications.
One such technique of applying low power microwaves to the rocks to thermally weaken them without actually melting them before employing mechanical methods of rock destruction is investigated. Finite element simulations were carried out to simulate microwave heating of a calcareous rock to determine the temperature profiles and thermal stresses at different microwave heating times and powers. Preliminary experiments were carried out in order to determine the microwave susceptibility of terrestrial basalt (which has similar composition as Lunar and Martian rocks). Temperature and strength of the rock sample before and after microwaving was measured.
The results of the finite element simulation indicated that a calcareous rock with microwave responsive phase and a microwave non-responsive phase developed thermal stresses of large magnitudes exceeding the actual strength of the rock. The simulation methodology can be applied to other rock types as well, provided the thermal, electrical and structural properties of constituent mineral phases are available.
The preliminary experimental results showed that the basalt rock specimens used were quite susceptible to the low power microwaves. There was a decreasing trend in terms of the point load index of the rock samples as the microwaving exposure times were increased, with some rock samples showing visible cracks at higher microwaving times.
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Vanichkobchinda, Pongtana. "Numerical simulation of the dynamic impact breakage testing of rock." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420378.

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Kou, Shaoquan. "Some basic problems in rock breakage by blasting and by indentation /." Luleå, 1995. http://epubl.luth.se/avslutade/0348-8373/180/index.html.

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Oladele, Temitope Philip. "A study of impact breakage of single rock specimen using discrete element method." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32903.

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Comminution is a critical stage of mineral processing which aims to reduce the size of ore particles through breakage, consequently increasing the likelihood of the liberation of valuable minerals. However, comminution is highly energy-intensive and an understanding of the key breakage mechanisms has been identified as an important factor in improving the efficiency of the process. Several factors, such as pre-existing cracks, mineralogical composition, ore shape and size are known to affect ore breakage behaviour during breakage. To investigate breakage mechanisms, it is important to be able to determine how individual factor influences the breakage behaviour of rock specimens. However, isolating and investigating individual factors under experimental conditions is challenging and typically impractical. Numerical techniques such as the Bonded Particle Model-Discrete Element Method (BPMDEM) have been developed as a means of investigating in isolation, the effects of different factors on ore breakage behaviour under closely controlled breakage conditions using synthetic rock specimens. This study investigates how individual factors influence rock specimen breakage using BPM-DEM numerical methods. Numerical simulations were conducted using ESyS-particle 2.3.5, an open-source discrete element method (DEM) software package which uses Python-based libraries to generate geometries and simulations and a C++ engine for mathematical computations. Empirical calibration relationships were developed to relate microstructural model parameters to the macroscopic mechanical properties that are typically obtained from standard geotechnical breakage experiments. The robustness of the model was evaluated by considering the sensitivity of fracture measures to the variation of model resolution, size-dependency and macroscopic mechanical properties (Young's modulus and uniaxial compressive strength) of the numerical specimens. A comparative study of single rock specimen breakage using the current BPM-DEM and laboratory SILC experiments carried out by Barbosa et al. (2019) was conducted. The measured fracture force and fracture patterns at different sizes for both cylindrical and spherical synthetic rock specimens were examined. Furthermore, the model was used to study, in isolation, the influence of pre-existing cracks in rock specimens and differing mineralogical compositions upon measurable breakage properties. Numerical rock specimens with pre-existing cracks were constructed using a microcrack approach, while a unique approach with the insertion of "seed points" was developed and demonstrated to construct numerical rock specimens with varying mineralogical compositions. Results from the numerical simulations showed that a high model resolution with a sufficiently large number of DEM-spheres exhibited results with the least deviation and error with respect to fracture measures, and, was therefore considered numerically stable. The dependency of fracture measurements on specimen size showed an expected increase in the measured fracture force as the specimen size increases. The variation of the macroscopic Young's modulus and uniaxial compressive strength against the fracture measures emphasised that the locus of these mechanical properties against the fracture measure can be used to specify a calibration relationship. Results of the comparative study showed that for both cylindrical and spherical rock specimens, the DEM consistently predicted the fragment patterns as well as the increase in the measured fracture force as the specimen size increased. The investigation on the effect of pre-existing cracks revealed that an increasing number of pre-existing cracks in rock specimens necessitated lower fracture force and consequently produced a low amount of new fracture surface area. For the binary phase mineralogical composition in the study, it was found that the fracture force decreased with an increase in the concentration of the softer component due to the increased percentage of weakness in the specimen. It was concluded that, with an appropriate calibration exercise and a realistic specification of material properties from the evaluation study, the DEM as a tool was sufficient to act as a "virtual laboratory" to isolate and study the individual effects of factors that influence ore breakage. The understanding of these results highlighted two important points. Firstly, this study was able to unravel some of the possible causes of the inefficiency in comminution practices, whereby significant amounts of energy can be expended to achieve minimal gains in respect of enhancing liberation due to pre-weakening and mineralogical composition. Secondly, it emphasised some of the causes of the variation observed during ore characterisation on a laboratory breakage device, attributable to pre-weakening and mineralogical composition.
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Li, Huiqi. "Discrete element method (DEM) modelling of rock flow and breakage within a cone crusher." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14528/.

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A cone crusher is a crushing machine which is widely used in the mining, construction and recycling industries. Previous research studies have proposed empirical mathematical models to simulate the operational performance of a cone crusher. These models attempt to match the size distributions of the feed and product streams. The flow of the rock and its breakage within the cone crusher chamber are not explicitly modelled by these methods. Moreover, the ability to investigate the changes in crusher performance affected by changes to the crusher design geometry and/or operating variables (including cavity profile, closed size setting and eccentric speed) are not easily achieved. Improvements to system design and performance are normally achieved by the combination of iterative modifications made to the design and manufacture of a series of prototype machines, and from a subsequent analysis of the results obtained from expensive and time consuming rock testing programs. The discrete element method (DEM) has in recent years proved to be a powerful tool in the execution of fundamental research to investigate the behaviour of granular material flow and rock breakage. Consequently, DEM models may provide the computational means to simulate the flow and breakage of rock as it passes through a cone crusher chamber. Thus, the development of field validated models may provide a cost effective tool to predict the changes in crusher performance that may be produced by incremental changes made to the dimensions or power delivered to the crusher chamber. To obtain an improved understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that take place within a cone crusher chamber, the two processes of rock flow and rock breakage may be decoupled. Consequently, this study firstly characterised the flow behaviour of broken rock through a static crusher chamber by conducting a series of experiments to investigate the flow of regular river pebbles down an inclined chute. A parallel computational study constructed and solved a series of DEM models to replicate the results of these experimental studies. An analysis of the results of these studies concluded that an accurate model replication of the shape of the pebbles and the method used to load the pebbles into the inclined chute were important to ensure that the DEM models successfully reproduced the observed particle flow behaviour. These studies also established relationships between the chute geometry and the time taken for the loaded pebble streams to clear the chute. To investigate the rock breakage behaviour observed within a cone crusher chamber, thirty quasi-spherical particles of Glensanda ballast aggregate were diametrically crushed in the laboratory using a Zwick crushing machine. The crushed rock particles used were of three sieve size fractions: 14-28mm, 30-37.5mm and 40-60mm. The effects that either a variation in the particle size or strength has on and the number and size distribution of the progeny rock fragments produced on breakage were studied. Subsequently, a series of DEM simulation models were constructed and solved to replicate the experimental results obtained from these crushing tests. The aggregate particles were represented by agglomerates consisting of a number of smaller diameter bonded micro-spheres. A new method was proposed to generate a dense, isotropic agglomerate with negligible initial overlap between the micro-spheres by inserting particles to fill the voids in the agglomerate. In addition, the effects that a variation in the particle packing configurations had on the simulated strength and breakage patterns experienced by the model agglomerate rock particles were investigated. The results from these DEM model studies were validated against the experimental data obtained from the ballast rock breakage tests. A comparative analysis of the experimental and modelling studies concluded that once the bond strengths between the constituent micro-spheres matched the values determined from the rock breakage tests, then the numerical models were able to replicate the measured variations in the aggregate particle strengths. Finally, the individual validated DEM aggregate particle flow and breakage modes were combined to construct a preliminary coupled prototype DErvl model to simulate the flow and breakage of an aggregate feed through a cone crusher chamber. The author employed two modelling approaches: the population balance model (PBM) and bonded particle model (BPM) to simulate the observed particle breakage characteristics. The application of the PBM model was successfully validated against historical experimental data available in the literature. However, the potential wider use of the BPM model was deemed impractical due to the high computation time. From a comparative analysis of the particle size distributions of the feed and computed product streams by the two modelling approaches, it is concluded that the simpler PBM produces more practical computationally efficient numerical solutions.
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7

Campbell, Paul. "The application of the three-point bend test to predict rock mechanics and breakage parameters." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396456.

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8

van, der Wielen Klaas Peter. "Application of high voltage breakage to a range of rock types of varying physical properties." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14522.

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High voltage breakage is a relatively novel comminution technology that uses highly energetic electrical discharges to induce electrical breakdown in rocks. Advantages of the technology in terms of weakening of rocks to ease comminution, as well as improved liberation compared to mechanical fragmentation methods have been demonstrated. However, a detailed understanding of the fragmentation mechanism and its selectivity, as well as how to optimise the process in terms of efficiency and treatment outcomes was still lacking prior to this thesis. The focus of this study was on how process variables and rock properties interact with high voltage breakage to enable more tailored treatment depending on the desired processing result. Twenty different rock types were extensively characterised in terms of geomechanical, mineralogical and electrical properties and treated at different voltages, number of pulses and discharges, electrode gaps and pulse rates. The resulting particle size distribution was investigated in detail, as well as liberation and weakening of selected rock types. In addition, process mineralogical aspects of the treatment were investigated using QEMSCAN® and a scanning electron microscope. Data in this thesis suggest total spark energy input is the main variable determining fragmentation and liberation outcomes of high voltage treatment. Some materials were found to exhibit a threshold voltage below which less fragmentation than expected occurred, but the main controlling factor for spark energy input is the number of discharges applied to a sample. The process efficiency was found to be strongly dependent on the discharge ratio, but also exhibited a strong rock-specific aspect. In general, low energy inputs and process water conductivity combined with a high voltage gradient and pulse rate were found to be most conducive to efficient high voltage processing. Based on fragmentation and weakening results, as well as liberation and process efficiency it is suggested that treatments in the 1 – 5 kWh t 1 range are most suitable for weakening and liberation applications of the technology. Voltages above 140 kV should be sufficient for most purposes, but this depends on the minimum voltage gradient required to reliably develop discharges in a rock type. Furthermore, feed sizes above 14 mm were found to be more suited to high voltage breakage, which is likely the result of the number of discharges available relative to the number of particles being treated. The voltage of a discharge dictates how many discharges are required to achieve a given energy input, and therefore the exact voltage chosen for a high voltage treatment is a function of feed size as well as efficiency and fragmentation considerations. The evolution of P80 of a high voltage treatment product with energy can be estimated with reasonable accuracy from a relationship incorporating porosity and acoustic impedance. Additionally, the decrease of the mass percentage of feed size material after a given energy input was found to be strongly correlated to a function including tensile strength and relative bulk permittivity. Other rock properties that were found to correlate significantly to high voltage breakage include mica and quartz content. Based on correlations between high voltage breakage indicators, tensile strength and acoustic impedance, as well as imaging of the alteration left by several plasma streamers it is concluded that shock waves are the dominant fragmentation mechanism, and that fragmentation occurs predominantly in a tensile stress regime. There is evidence that the selective fragmentation observed during high voltage breakage is a result of both fracturing along grain boundaries (inter-granular fragmentation) and preferential fracturing of certain mineral phases (intra-granular fragmentation). Intra-granular breakage behaviour is clearly evident from some of the data presented in this thesis. Quartz seems to respond strongly to high voltage treatment-induced stresses, which may be favourable from a process mineralogical perspective. Direct imaging of fractures has also yielded evidence for inter-granular selective fracturing, and strong enrichment of sulphides after treatment at low energy inputs also indicates selective, inter-granular breakage. In addition to the selective fragmentation there is also a selective component to the electrical efficiency of the process. Consequently, the selective nature of high voltage breakage is a feature that recurs in several aspects of the technology.
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Schmitt, Raoul. "A Geometallurgical Approach Towards the Correlation Between Rock Type Mineralogy and Grindability: A case study in Aitik mine, Sweden." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87012.

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Aitik is a large copper porphyry type deposit located in northern Sweden, currently exploited at an annual rate of approximately 45Mt. The ore's exceptionally low head grade of 0.22 % Cu and varying degrees of hardness across the entire deposit pose challenges to the two fully autogenous grinding lines, each of which comprises a 22.5 MW primary autogenous mill in series with a pebble mill. The variability in ore grindability frequently leads to fluctuations in mill throughput.  Within the framework of a geometallurgical approach, the present study investigated the relationships between ore grindability and modal mineralogy. For this purpose, drill core samples from different lithologies were subjected to Boliden AB's in-house grindability tests. This laboratory-scale autogenous grinding test generates a grindability index Ks mainly related to abrasion breakage, which is a significant breakage mechanism within autogenous mills. The test results suggested divergent degrees of grindability within and across the selected rock types. Furthermore, subsequent sieve analyses identified a relationship between the grindability index, PSD, and the proportions of fines generated by abrasive grinding. A combination of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence analyses was performed for the grinding products and bulk mineral samples. The resulting mineralogical and elemental properties were correlated to the parameters from the grindability tests. It was shown that the main mineral phases, such as plagioclase, quartz, and micas, correlate well with the grindability indices. Similar correlations were found regarding the sample's chemical composition, attributable to the main mineral phases. Derived from the previous findings, two exemplary linear empirical models for the calculation of grindability based on either mineral contents or chemical composition were presented. Careful examination of the mineralogical data revealed that the prevalent abrasion breakage mechanism leads to constant and continuous removal of mineral particles from the sample's surface. No indications for a preferential abrasion of any mineral phases were found.  A further inverse correlation between the sample's calculated average weighted Mohs hardness based on modal mineralogy and the grindability index Ks was established. Hence, it was proposed that a higher Mohs hardness results in a finer grinding product, oppositional to the Ks-values. Since Ks can be interpreted as a measure of abrasiveness, it can be stated that abrasiveness decreases with an increasing average sample hardness and vice versa.  Moreover, mineral liberation information provided by scanning electron microscopy was associated with the parameters mentioned earlier. It was determined that different degrees of mineral liberation were reached within specific particle size classes. The identified relationships between grindability, modal mineralogy, and element grades may help Boliden develop a predictive throughput model for Aitik to be integrated into the mine's block model. Based on this information, a strategy for smart blending could be developed, where run of mine material from ore blocks of varying grindabilities could be blended to attain the target plant throughput.
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Kayahan, Ahmet. "Compressibility Of Various Coarse-grained Fill Materials In Dry And Wet Loading Conditions In Oedometer Test." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/4/1052539/index.pdf.

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The use of coarse-grained fill materials has grown significantly in recent years especially on account of their use in dams and transportation networks. This study investigates compressibility of various coarse-grained fill materials in dry and wet loading conditions in oedometer test. Four materials were used in the experiments, which falls into GP, GW, GM and GC categories respectively. GP material is a weathered rock obtained from Eymir Lake region. This material was chosen especially to be able to investigate degradation and particle breakage due to compaction and compression. GW, GM and GC materials were obtained by using the material called &lsquo
bypass&rsquo
which is a fill material used in the construction of metro of Eryaman. Using these four materials, large-scale double oedometer tests were carried out to investigate compressibility in both dry and wet conditions. The double oedometer testing technique is used to investigate the effect of soaking on compressibility behaviour of compacted fill materials. Various compactive efforts were used in the compaction stage to investigate the effect of compactive effort on compressibility and degradation of the four gravelly materials. Gradations of the post-test samples were obtained and particle breakage due to compaction using various compactive efforts and particle breakage due to compression were determined. It is found that amount of compression does not necessarily depend on the dry density of the material and fine fraction is also a dominating property regarding the compressibility in coarse-grained fill materials. The vertical strains induced by soaking are on the order of 12% - 20% of the compression measured in dry loading case for the well-graded coarse-grained fill materials tested. Besides, there is significant particle breakage in the compaction process and no further particle breakage in the oedometer test for GP material.
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Books on the topic "Rock breakage"

1

Modelling the effects of blasting on rock breakage. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1995.

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Salmenmaki, Paul Allan. Determining the effects of gas and shock energy on the fracturing/breakage of rock and concrete. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, School of Engineering, 1998.

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Symposium on Rock Mechanics (8th 1966 University of Minnesota). Failure and breakage of rock: Proceedings of the eighth Symposium on Rock Mechanics held at the University of Minnesota, September 15-17th, 1966. New York, NY: American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1985.

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Rock Breakage by Blasting. Taylor & Francis, 1994.

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Petrosyan, M. I. Rock Breakage by Blasting. CRC Press LLC, 2018.

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Petrosyan, M. I. Rock Breakage by Blasting. CRC Press LLC, 2018.

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Petrosyan, M. I. Rock Breakage by Blasting. CRC Press LLC, 2018.

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Petrosyan, M. I. Rock Breakage by Blasting. CRC Press LLC, 2018.

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Borovikov, V. A., and I. F. Vanyagin. Modelling the Effects of Blasting on Rock Breakage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Borovikov, V. A., and I. F. Vanyagin. Modelling the Effects of Blasting on Rock Breakage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rock breakage"

1

Zou, Dingxiang. "Mechanisms of Rock Breakage by Blasting." In Theory and Technology of Rock Excavation for Civil Engineering, 205–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1989-0_5.

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Muhlhaus, Hans, and Lutz Gross. "A Breakage Diffusion Model for Strength Softening Rock." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 563–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56397-8_70.

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Zhou, Jian, Shicai Yu, Jin Zhang, and Cheng Zhao. "Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Contact and Breakage of Marble Particles." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 145–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0113-1_17.

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Miao, Chunhe, Songlin Xu, and Pengfei Wang. "Dynamic breakage of quartz glass sphere subjected to impact loading." In Rock Dynamics: Progress and Prospect, Volume 1, 280–85. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003359142-45.

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Hu, Xinli, Han Zhang, Chuncan He, and Wenbo Zheng. "Breakage Effect of Soft Rock Blocks in Soil-Rock Mixture with Different Block Proportions." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 809–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97112-4_181.

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Makiuchi, K., T. Miyamori, and S. Iwai. "Effects of particle breakage on mechanical characteristics of decomposed granite soils." In Environmental Geotechnics and Problematic Soils and Rocks, 527–32. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211051-50.

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"Particle breakage and comminution." In Rock Failure Mechanisms, 315–38. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10997-27.

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"rock breakage by blasting." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1130. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_182781.

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Carlos, Lopez Jimeno, Lopez Jimeno Emilio, Javier Ayala Carcedo Francisco, and Ramiro Yvonne Visser de. "Mechanisms of rock breakage." In Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, 154–59. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141435-16.

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Petrosyan, M. I. "Technique of Modelling for Rock Breakage by Blasting." In Rock Breakage by Blasting, 1–36. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203740484-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rock breakage"

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Zeuch, D. H., and J. T. Finger. "Rock Breakage Mechanisms With a PDC Cutter." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/14219-ms.

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Nekoovaght, Pejman, Nima Gharib, and Ferri Hassani. "Microwave Assisted Rock Breakage for Space Mining." In Earth and Space 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479179.044.

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Teimoori, Khashayar, Ferri Hassani, Agus Pulung Sasmito, and Ali Ghoreishi Madiseh. "Experimental Investigations of Microwave Effects on Rock Breakage Using SEM Analysis." In Ampere 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9647.

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Preconditioning of hard rocks by microwave energy has recently been considered a potentially effective technology in mechanical rock breakage for civil and mining engineering. To obtain the amount of mechanical damage that a single-mode microwave treatment produces in rocks, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the thermal cracking process by microwave heating at different power levels, exposure times, and distances from the antenna. The current study employs the scanning electron microscopy imaging technique to capture images from surfaces of irradiated rock specimens and to compare them with a nontreated specimen. To evaluate and quantify the amount of cracking (i.e. crack density, crack size, etc.) in a rock specimen after microwave irradiation with different microwave input operating parameters, the following steps were evaluated. First, several experiments of single-mode microwave treatments with different operating parameters were performed on rectangular specimens of basalt. Then, cylindrical core samples with a dimension of r = 0.5 cm, h = 2cm, were drilled from the center of the irradiated specimens and prepared for image processing. The results of the present study show that there are significant differences between the number of microcracks present in samples irradiated at different power levels and distances from the antenna. Also, longer exposure times result in more severe cracks.
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Teimoori, Khashayar, Ferri Hassani, Agus Pulung Sasmito, and Ali Ghoreishi Madiseh. "Numerical Investigations of the Single-Mode Microwave Treatment Effects on Rock Breakage." In Ampere 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9646.

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In this study, a rock model which consists of a conceptual block (host rock and ore sample) is numerically modeled by using the finite element method. The rock model is subjected to several single-mode microwave treatments with different power levels, distances from the antenna, and exposure times in order to calculate and compare the corresponding effects including temperature distribution and mechanical stress/damage profiles. The main objective of the present study is to analyze the distribution of temperature and mechanical stress at the boundary of two different attached rocks when exposed to microwaves. This enables comparing the intensity of the distribution with respect to the applied microwave input operating parameters and, consequently, understanding rock preconditioning. The results of the present study verify that an increase in temperature by microwave treatment facilitates the rock weakening process. Also, a more efficient selection of the distance from the antenna and the power level can maximize the overall impact of the microwave treatment on rock preconditioning which ultimately helps with the rock breakage mechanism.
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Liu, Jun, Fu-hai Liu, and Xian-jing Kong. "PFC Numerical Simulation of Particle Breakage of Rock-Fill Dam." In 12th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments; and Fourth NASA/ARO/ASCE Workshop on Granular Materials in Lunar and Martian Exploration. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41096(366)277.

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Zhao, Z. Y., H. Q. Zhang, C. A. Tang, and S. Y. Wang. "Numerical Study on Breakage and Shear Behavior of Intermittent Rock Joints." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40862(194)33.

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Xiaohua, Xiao, Zhu Haiyan, Liu Qingyou, Fan Yongtao, Wang Degui, and Chen Bo. "A 3D FEM Methodology for Rock Breakage in Rotary-Percussive Drilling." In 2010 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccis.2010.35.

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Rayyan, Naseem, and Inoka E. Perera. "Effect of Particle Breakage on Explosibility of Coal/Rock Dust Mixtures due to Dispersion in 20-L Chambers." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10640.

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Abstract Research has shown that particle size has a significant impact on the explosibility of coal dust/rock dust mixtures. Previous explosion studies conducted using the U.S. Bureau of Mines’ (BOM) 20-L explosion chamber tend to show a difference in the amount of inerting material needed to prevent an explosion when compared to the 20-L Siwek chamber. To reconcile these differences, samples were comparatively tested in the historic BOM 20-L chamber and the new NIOSH 20-L Siwek chamber with an emphasis on particle breakage. Rock dust and coal dust samples were dispersed in the chambers without ignitors and their specific surface areas were compared to the undispersed specific surface areas in order to quantify the breakage. Then, rock dust and coal dust mixtures were prepared, dispersed using the Siwek chamber, collected and tested for explosibility in the BOM 20-L chamber to see if the severe particle breakage in the Siwek chamber would influence the inerting limits of the BOM chamber. Results indicate that the particle breakage of friable brittle materials during explosion testing should be considered when evaluating the explosion risks in the process industries.
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Han, Gang, Michael S. Bruno, and Maurice B. Dusseault. "3D Simulation of Rock Breakage With Air Hammers in Gas-Well Drilling." In SPE Gas Technology Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/99522-ms.

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Menezes, Pradeep L., Michael R. Lovell, Jeen-Shang Lin, and C. Fred Higgs. "Finite Element Modeling of Discontinuous Chip Formation During Rock Cutting." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15197.

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In this paper, chip formation process during mechanical cutting of rock is simulated by using an explicit finite element code, LS-DYNA. In the simulation, the work-piece material properties have been modeled using the damage constitute material model. This model simulates the separation of the chip from the work-piece and the simultaneous breakage of the chip into multiple fragments. In the simulation, a rigid steel tool was moved at various sliding velocities, namely 1, 4, 10, 50 and 100 mm/s against a stationary rock material. For a given sliding velocity, the simulations were carried out for various cutting depths, namely 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm. The variation of stresses and the amount of chip formation at different depths of cut and velocities have been investigated. Overall, the results indicate that the explicit FEM is a powerful tool for simulating rock cutting and chip formation. More specifically, the separation of chip from the work-piece at different depths of cut was distinctly shown using this numerical model.
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