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Journal articles on the topic 'Robust gates'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 July 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mosaffa, Mahdi, Fataneh Jafari, and Siamak Mohammadi. "Designing robust threshold gates against soft errors." Microelectronics Journal 42, no. 11 (November 2011): 1276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2011.08.011.

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2

Shen, Cai-Peng, Jin-Lei Wu, Shi-Lei Su, and Erjun Liang. "Construction of robust Rydberg controlled-phase gates." Optics Letters 44, no. 8 (April 10, 2019): 2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.002036.

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3

Minhas, Shahryar, and Benjamin J. Radford. "Enemy at the Gates." Journal of Conflict Resolution 61, no. 10 (May 3, 2016): 2105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002716639100.

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There has been much disagreement about the relationship between civil wars and state economic performance. While civil war is often associated with poor economic performance, some states have managed robust growth despite periods of domestic armed conflict. We find this disagreement results from not accounting for the spatial distribution of conflict within a country. A robust literature in economics stresses the role major cities play in economic growth. We hypothesize that the economic impact of civil conflict is contingent on the conflict’s location relative to major urban centers within a state. We use subnational data on the location of conflict relative to urban areas to test the impact of domestic conflict on annual gross domestic product growth. In doing so, we bridge the economic development literature on the importance of cities with extant literature on the effect of armed conflict to provide a novel explanation for the paradox of high macroeconomic growth in conflict-ridden countries.

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4

Zou, Ping, and Zhi-Ming Zhang. "Robust quantum gates between trapped ions using shaped pulses." Physics Letters A 379, no. 47-48 (December 2015): 3045–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2015.10.014.

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5

Liu, Shuo, Wen-Hua Chen, and Jiyin Liu. "Robust assignment of airport gates with operational safety constraints." International Journal of Automation and Computing 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11633-015-0914-x.

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6

He, Zhi-Cheng, and Zheng-Yuan Xue. "Robust nonadiabatic holonomic quantum gates on decoherence-protected qubits." Applied Physics Letters 119, no. 10 (September 6, 2021): 104001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0063401.

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7

Protopopescu, V., R. Perez, C. D Helon, and J. Schmulen. "Robust control of decoherence in realistic one-qubit quantum gates." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 36, no. 8 (February 12, 2003): 2175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/36/8/314.

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8

Atia, Yosi, Yuval Elias, Tal Mor, and Yossi Weinstein. "Quantum computing gates via optimal control." International Journal of Quantum Information 12, no. 05 (August 2014): 1450031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749914500312.

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We demonstrate the use of optimal control to design two entropy-manipulating quantum gates which are more complex than the corresponding, commonly used, gates, such as CNOT and Toffoli (CCNOT): A two-qubit gate called polarization exchange (PE) and a three-qubit gate called polarization compression (COMP) were designed using GRAPE, an optimal control algorithm. Both gates were designed for a three-spin system. Our design provided efficient and robust nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) radio frequency (RF) pulses for 13 C 2-trichloroethylene (TCE), our chosen three-spin system. We then experimentally applied these two quantum gates onto TCE at the NMR lab. Such design of these gates and others could be relevant for near-future applications of quantum computing devices.

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9

Ichikawa, Tsubasa, Masamitsu Bando, Yasushi Kondo, and Mikio Nakahara. "Geometric aspects of composite pulses." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 370, no. 1976 (October 13, 2012): 4671–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0358.

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Unitary operations acting on a quantum system must be robust against systematic errors in control parameters for reliable quantum computing. Composite pulse technique in nuclear magnetic resonance realizes such a robust operation by employing a sequence of possibly poor-quality pulses. In this study, we demonstrate that two kinds of composite pulses—one compensates for a pulse length error in a one-qubit system and the other compensates for a J -coupling error in a two-qubit system—have a vanishing dynamical phase and thereby can be seen as geometric quantum gates, which implement unitary gates by the holonomy associated with dynamics of cyclic vectors defined in the text.

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10

Padmanabhan, Pramod, Fumihiko Sugino, and Diego Trancanelli. "Braiding quantum gates from partition algebras." Quantum 4 (August 27, 2020): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-08-27-311.

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Unitary braiding operators can be used as robust entangling quantum gates. We introduce a solution-generating technique to solve the (d,m,l)-generalized Yang-Baxter equation, for m/2≤l≤m, which allows to systematically construct such braiding operators. This is achieved by using partition algebras, a generalization of the Temperley-Lieb algebra encountered in statistical mechanics. We obtain families of unitary and non-unitary braiding operators that generate the full braid group. Explicit examples are given for a 2-, 3-, and 4-qubit system, including the classification of the entangled states generated by these operators based on Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication.

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11

Tamsir, Alvin, Jeffrey J. Tabor, and Christopher A. Voigt. "Robust multicellular computing using genetically encoded NOR gates and chemical ‘wires’." Nature 469, no. 7329 (December 8, 2010): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09565.

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12

Feng, Zhi-Bo, Run-Ying Yan, Chunli Zhang, and Libo Fan. "Robust Quantum Gates in Decoherence-Free Subspaces with Josephson Charge Qubits." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 51, no. 7 (March 6, 2012): 2282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-012-1108-8.

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13

Wang, Yapeng, Yongcheng Ding, Jianan Wang, and Xi Chen. "Digital Quantum Simulation of Nonadiabatic Geometric Gates via Shortcuts to Adiabaticity." Entropy 22, no. 10 (October 19, 2020): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22101175.

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Geometric phases are used to construct quantum gates since it naturally resists local noises, acting as the modularized units of geometric quantum computing. Meanwhile, fast nonadiabatic geometric gates are required for reducing the information loss induced by decoherence. Here, we propose a digital simulation of nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates in terms of shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA). More specifically, we combine the invariant-based inverse engineering with optimal control theory for designing the fast and robust Abelian geometric gates against systematic error, in the context of two-level qubit systems. We exemplify X and T gates, in which the fidelities and robustness are evaluated by simulations in ideal quantum circuits. Our results can also be extended to constructing two-qubit gates, for example, a controlled-PHASE gate, which shares the equivalent effective Hamiltonian with rotation around the Z-axis of a single qubit. These STA-inspired nonadiabatic geometric gates can realize quantum error correction physically, leading to fault-tolerant quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era.

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14

Shi-Biao, Zheng. "Robust scheme for implement ion of quantum phase gates for two atoms." Chinese Physics B 18, no. 8 (July 31, 2009): 3453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/18/8/054.

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15

TSIATOUHAS, Y., A. PASCHALIS, D. NIKOLOS, and C. HALATSIS. "Robust test generation for transistor stuck-open faults in CMOS complex gates." International Journal of Electronics 79, no. 2 (August 1995): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207219508926255.

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16

Abutaleb, M. M. "Robust and efficient QCA cell-based nanostructures of elementary reversible logic gates." Journal of Supercomputing 74, no. 11 (August 25, 2018): 6258–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11227-018-2550-z.

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17

Diepen, G., J. M. van den Akker, J. A. Hoogeveen, and J. W. Smeltink. "Finding a robust assignment of flights to gates at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol." Journal of Scheduling 15, no. 6 (October 18, 2012): 703–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10951-012-0292-y.

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18

Kang, Ji-Hoon, Junghee Ryu, and Hoon Ryu. "Exploring the behaviors of electrode-driven Si quantum dot systems: from charge control to qubit operations." Nanoscale 13, no. 1 (2021): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr05070a.

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Quantum logic operations and electron spin controls in a Si double quantum dot platform is studied with a multi-scale modeling approach that can open the pathway to explore engineering details for Si-based designs of robust quantum logic gates.

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19

Peng, Haipeng, Gang Hu, Lixiang Li, Yixian Yang, and Jinghua Xiao. "Constructing Dynamic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Logic Gates." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/380345.

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Investigation of computing devices with dynamic architecture which makes devices have reconfigurable ability is an interesting research direction for designing the next generation of computer chip. In this paper, we present a window threshold method to construct such dynamic logic architecture. Here, dynamic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) logic gates are proposed, analyzed, and implemented. By using a curve-intersections-based graphic method, we illustrate the relationships among the threshold, the control parameter, and the functions of logic gates. A noise analysis on all the parameters is also given. The chips based on the proposed schemes can be transformed into different arrangements of logic gates within a single clock cycle. With these schemes in hand, it is conceivable to build more flexible, robust, cost effective, yet general-purpose computing devices.

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20

Bentley, Christopher D. B., Harrison Ball, Michael J. Biercuk, Andre R. R. Carvalho, Michael R. Hush, and Harry J. Slatyer. "Numeric Optimization for Configurable, Parallel, Error‐Robust Entangling Gates in Large Ion Registers." Advanced Quantum Technologies 3, no. 11 (July 23, 2020): 2000044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qute.202000044.

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21

Li, Ran, and Frank Gaitan. "Robust high-fidelity universal set of quantum gates through non-adiabatic rapid passage." Journal of Modern Optics 58, no. 21 (December 10, 2011): 1922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2011.592621.

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22

PACHOS, JIANNIS, and PAOLO ZANARDI. "QUANTUM HOLONOMIES FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 09 (April 10, 2001): 1257–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201004836.

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Holonomic Quantum Computation (HQC) is an all-geometrical approach to quantum information processing. In the HQC strategy information is encoded in degenerate eigen-spaces of a parametric family of Hamiltonians. The computational network of unitary quantum gates is realized by driving adiabatically the Hamiltonian parameters along loops in a control manifold. By properly designing such loops the nontrivial curvature of the underlying bundle geometry gives rise to unitary transformations i.e., holonomies that implement the desired unitary transformations. Conditions necessary for universal QC are stated in terms of the curvature associated to the non-abelian gauge potential (connection) over the control manifold. In view of their geometrical nature the holonomic gates are robust against several kind of perturbations and imperfections. This fact along with the adiabatic fashion in which gates are performed makes in principle HQC an appealing way towards universal fault-tolerant QC.

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23

Li, Ming-Cui, and Ri-Gui Zhou. "Novel Synthesis Methodology for Fault Tolerant Reversible Circuits by Bounded Model Checking for Linear Temporal Logic." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 06 (May 26, 2015): 1550091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500917.

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Reversible circuit is of interest due to the characteristics of low energy consumption. This paper proposes a new scheme for synthesizing fault tolerant reversible circuits. A two-step method is put forward to convert an irreversible function into a parity-preserving reversible circuit. By introducing model checking for linear temporal logic, we construct a finite state machine to synthesize small reversible gates from elementary 1-qubit and 2-qubit gates, which is more automatic than the methods proposed previously. Constrains are increased so as to reduce the synthesis time in the two step method. The parity-preserving gate constructed by the two-step method has characteristics of low quantum cost because the quantum representation obtained from the counterexample for a given function in each step has the minimum quantum cost. In order to further reduce the quantum cost and decrease the synthesis time, the semi parity-preserving gates are put forward for the first time. These gates are parity-preserving when the auxiliary input is set to 0 and opposite parity when 1. Maintaining good robustness of the system in performing specific function, semi parity-preserving gate is conducive to detecting the stuck-at fault and partial gate fault in reversible circuits. The innovation of this paper is introducing the formal method to synthesis small fault tolerant gate, so as to construct the circuit with robust (semi) parity-preserving gates.

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24

Peiravi, Ali, and Mohammad Asyaei. "Robust low leakage controlled keeper by current-comparison domino for wide fan-in gates." Integration 45, no. 1 (January 2012): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2011.07.002.

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25

Sharifi, Fazel, Mohammad Hossein Moaiyeri, Keivan Navi, and Nader Bagherzadeh. "Robust and energy-efficient carbon nanotube FET-based MVL gates: A novel design approach." Microelectronics Journal 46, no. 12 (December 2015): 1333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2015.09.018.

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26

Floether, Frederik F., Pierre de Fouquieres, and Sophie G. Schirmer. "Robust quantum gates for open systems via optimal control: Markovian versus non-Markovian dynamics." New Journal of Physics 14, no. 7 (July 11, 2012): 073023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/7/073023.

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27

Cabrera, Renan, Ofer M. Shir, Rebing Wu, and Herschel Rabitz. "Fidelity between unitary operators and the generation of robust gates against off-resonance perturbations." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 44, no. 9 (February 9, 2011): 095302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/9/095302.

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28

Veitia, Andrzej, and Steven J. van Enk. "Testing the context-independence of quantum gates." quantum Information and Computation 20, no. 15&16 (December 2020): 1304–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic20.15-16-3.

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The actual gate performed on, say, a qubit in a quantum computer may depend, not just on the actual laser pulses and voltages we programmed to implement the gate, but on its context as well. For example, it may depend on what gate has just been applied to the same qubit, or on how much a long series of previous laser pulses has been heating up the qubit's environment. This paper analyzes several tests to detect such context-dependent errors (which include various types of non-Markovian errors). A key feature of these tests is that they are robust against both state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors and gate-dependent errors. Since context-dependent errors are expected to be small in practice, it becomes important to carefully analyze the effects of statistical fluctuations and so we investigate the power and precision of our tests as functions of the number of repetitions and the length of the sequences of gates. From our tests an important quantity emerges: the logarithm of the determinant (log-det) of a probability (relative frequency) matrix $\mP.$ For this reason, we derive the probability distribution of the log-det estimates which we then use to examine the performance of our tests for various single- and two-qubit sets of measurements and initial states. Finally, we emphasize the connection between the log-det and the degree of reversibility (the unitarity) of a context-independent operation.

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29

SU, XIAO-FEI, and SHUN-JIN WANG. "SPIN CLUSTER AS A QUBIT: ROBUST AGAINST DISSIPATION OF THERMAL RADIATION FIELDS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 15n17 (July 10, 2005): 2481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205031183.

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A spin cluster of 3 spin 1/2 particles has been studied as a qubit system. A time dependent magnetic field is applied to control the time evolution of the cluster. The lowest energy level of the cluster has the total spin 1/2 separated far away from the excited states and can be used as a qubit register. The universal 1-qubit logic gate can be constructed from the time evolution operator of the non-autonomous many-body system, and the 6 basic 1-qubit gates can be realized by adjusting the applied time dependent magnetic field. As a many-body system, this qubit system is expected to be robust against the dissipation effect of the thermal radiation fields from the environment.

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30

Baris, Michael. "“For I Say”: A Keeper at the Rabbinic Gates of Doubt." Review of Rabbinic Judaism 24, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700704-12341375.

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Abstract The rabbinic idiom “for I say” (שאני אומר) has been construed philologically as a specific type of presumption, buttressed with first-person rhetoric. From the perspective of legal analysis, I contend that “for I say” and presumption are diametrically opposed decision-rules, employed consistently in tannaitic and amoraic literature. While presumptions are exclusionary rules, circumscribing doubt, “for I say” is an inclusionary rule, validating doubt. The versatility of the “for I say” rule testifies to its preliminary nature – while the outcome is determined by a robust set of primary decision rules. “For I say” should be read as: for I can say, legitimizing doubt and calling on primary rabbinic rules for treating cases of factual uncertainty, in contestable instances.

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31

Bertram, R., A. Sherman, and E. F. Stanley. "Single-domain/bound calcium hypothesis of transmitter release and facilitation." Journal of Neurophysiology 75, no. 5 (May 1, 1996): 1919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.75.5.1919.

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1. We describe a model of transmitter release that is based on the finding that release can be gated during the opening of individual Ca2+ channels, suggesting that the release site can be activated by the Ca2+ domain under a single channel. In this model each release site contains four independent Ca2+ binding sites or gates with unbinding kinetics graded from slow to fast and affinities ranging from high to low. All four gates must be bound for release to occur. Thus synaptic dynamics are governed by the kinetics of Ca2+ binding and unbinding from release sites, not Ca2+ diffusion. 2. Fast facilitation occurs when an action potential invades a terminal with one or more ions remaining bound to the release sites. Residual free Ca2+ is not necessary for facilitation with this mechanism, but if present it would enhance facilitation by binding to high-affinity gates between pulses. 3. This model can account for key features of release. These include fourth-power cooperativity with regard to external Ca2+; a release time course that is virtually independent of an increase in quantal content; an inverse relation between external Ca2+ and the degree of facilitation; and a steplike increase in facilitation with increasing stimulus frequency, with each step corresponding to a unitary decline in the Ca2+ cooperativity. 4. Facilitation of single-channel-based secretion is shown to be robust even if channel opening is stochastic. Spontaneous release of transmitter, assumed to be due in part to spontaneous Ca2+ channel openings, is shown to be elevated during and after a train of impulses. 5. An extension of the model to include multiple Ca2+ channels per release site demonstrates that one role of overlapping Ca2+ domains may be to accentuate depolarization-evoked release relative to spontaneous release.

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Oliveira, Rafael N. M., and Cristina Meinhardt. "Soft Error Impact on FinFET and CMOS XOR Logic Gates." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 15, no. 2 (August 23, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v15i2.131.

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With the advance of computer systems, XORgates design became essential on arithmetic circuits.Atnanometer nodes, despite the electrical characterization, de-signers must to consider soft error impact on the circuits. Thechallenges change significantly as feature size are smaller, evenfor FinFET devices. The effects of Single Event Transientare dependent of the circuit topology. Thus, in this work, weevaluate the influence of nine XOR topologies on the radia-tion robustness, discussing the influence of logic family, the de-vice technology and environment factors as temperature, onthe radiation robustness. Also, this work explore the nominaland near-threshold operation of these XOR topologies. Resultsshows that FinFET devices are significantly more robust to theradiation effects. Also, most of PTL logic XORs topologiespresent about 40% of increase on the LET threshold. The de-pendence of temperature aggressively impact the FinFET tech-nology devices operating at near-threshold. Finally, the com-plete set of information provided in this work support design-ers to choose the most appropriate XOR topology accordingthe specific design requirements.

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33

Khadka, Shauharda, Jen Jen Chung, and Kagan Tumer. "Neuroevolution of a Modular Memory-Augmented Neural Network for Deep Memory Problems." Evolutionary Computation 27, no. 4 (December 2019): 639–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00239.

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We present Modular Memory Units (MMUs), a new class of memory-augmented neural network. MMU builds on the gated neural architecture of Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTMs), to incorporate an external memory block, similar to a Neural Turing Machine (NTM). MMU interacts with the memory block using independent read and write gates that serve to decouple the memory from the central feedforward operation. This allows for regimented memory access and update, giving our network the ability to choose when to read from memory, update it, or simply ignore it. This capacity to act in detachment allows the network to shield the memory from noise and other distractions, while simultaneously using it to effectively retain and propagate information over an extended period of time. We train MMU using both neuroevolution and gradient descent, and perform experiments on two deep memory benchmarks. Results demonstrate that MMU performs significantly faster and more accurately than traditional LSTM-based methods, and is robust to dramatic increases in the sequence depth of these memory benchmarks.

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Yousefjani, Rozhin, and Abolfazl Bayat. "Parallel entangling gate operations and two-way quantum communication in spin chains." Quantum 5 (May 26, 2021): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-05-26-460.

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The power of a quantum circuit is determined through the number of two-qubit entangling gates that can be performed within the coherence time of the system. In the absence of parallel quantum gate operations, this would make the quantum simulators limited to shallow circuits. Here, we propose a protocol to parallelize the implementation of two-qubit entangling gates between multiple users which are spatially separated, and use a commonly shared spin chain data-bus. Our protocol works through inducing effective interaction between each pair of qubits without disturbing the others, therefore, it increases the rate of gate operations without creating crosstalk. This is achieved by tuning the Hamiltonian parameters appropriately, described in the form of two different strategies. The tuning of the parameters makes different bilocalized eigenstates responsible for the realization of the entangling gates between different pairs of distant qubits. Remarkably, the performance of our protocol is robust against increasing the length of the data-bus and the number of users. Moreover, we show that this protocol can tolerate various types of disorders and is applicable in the context of superconductor-based systems. The proposed protocol can serve for realizing two-way quantum communication.

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Blanco-Redondo, Andrea, Bryn Bell, Dikla Oren, Benjamin J. Eggleton, and Mordechai Segev. "Topological protection of biphoton states." Science 362, no. 6414 (November 1, 2018): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau4296.

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The robust generation and propagation of multiphoton quantum states are crucial for applications in quantum information, computing, and communications. Although photons are intrinsically well isolated from the thermal environment, scaling to large quantum optical devices is still limited by scattering loss and other errors arising from random fabrication imperfections. The recent discoveries regarding topological phases have introduced avenues to construct quantum systems that are protected against scattering and imperfections. We experimentally demonstrate topological protection of biphoton states, the building block for quantum information systems. We provide clear evidence of the robustness of the spatial features and the propagation constant of biphoton states generated within a nanophotonics lattice with nontrivial topology and propose a concrete path to build robust entangled states for quantum gates.

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36

Du, Fang-Fang, Yong-Ting Liu, Zhen-Rong Shi, Yu-Xi Liang, Jun Tang, and Jun Liu. "Efficient hyperentanglement purification for three-photon systems with the fidelity-robust quantum gates and hyperentanglement link." Optics Express 27, no. 19 (September 11, 2019): 27046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.027046.

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Du, Fang-Fang, and Zhen-Rong Shi. "Robust hybrid hyper-controlled-not gates assisted by an input-output process of low-Q cavities." Optics Express 27, no. 13 (June 10, 2019): 17493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.017493.

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38

Chen, Bor-Sen, Chih-Yuan Hsu, and Jing-Jia Liou. "Robust Design of Biological Circuits: Evolutionary Systems Biology Approach." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/304236.

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Artificial gene circuits have been proposed to be embedded into microbial cells that function as switches, timers, oscillators, and the Boolean logic gates. Building more complex systems from these basic gene circuit components is one key advance for biologic circuit design and synthetic biology. However, the behavior of bioengineered gene circuits remains unstable and uncertain. In this study, a nonlinear stochastic system is proposed to model the biological systems with intrinsic parameter fluctuations and environmental molecular noise from the cellular context in the host cell. Based on evolutionary systems biology algorithm, the design parameters of target gene circuits can evolve to specific values in order to robustly track a desired biologic function in spite of intrinsic and environmental noise. The fitness function is selected to be inversely proportional to the tracking error so that the evolutionary biological circuit can achieve the optimal tracking mimicking the evolutionary process of a gene circuit. Finally, several design examples are givenin silicowith the Monte Carlo simulation to illustrate the design procedure and to confirm the robust performance of the proposed design method. The result shows that the designed gene circuits can robustly track desired behaviors with minimal errors even with nontrivial intrinsic and external noise.

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39

DE CHIARA, GABRIELE, ROSARIO FAZIO, SIMONE MONTANGERO, CHIARA MACCHIAVELLO, and G. MASSIMO PALMA. "EFFECTS OF NOISE ON SPIN NETWORK CLONING." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 03 (June 2006): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749906001906.

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We analyze the effects of noise on quantum cloning based on the spin network approach. A noisy environment interacting with the spin network is modeled both in a classical scenario, with a classical fluctuating field, and in a fully quantum scenario, in which the spins are coupled with a bath of harmonic oscillators. We compare the realization of cloning with spin networks and with traditional quantum gates in the presence of noise, and show that spin network cloning is more robust.

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40

LIN, LI-HUA. "ENTANGLEMENT PREPARATION AND QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH ATOMS TRAPPED IN SEPARATED CAVITIES THROUGH A SINGLE RESONANT ATOM–FIELD INTERACTION." Modern Physics Letters B 28, no. 02 (January 8, 2014): 1450015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984914500158.

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In this paper, a scheme is presented for generation of W-type entangled states for n atoms trapped in separated cavities connected by optical fibers. The scheme only requires a single atom–cavity–fiber interaction and no classical field is needed. Due to these features, the scheme is simpler and more robust against decoherence than the previous ones. The scheme can also be used to realize quantum state transfer and controlled phase gates between qubits located at distant nodes of a quantum network.

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41

Karzig, Torsten, Yuval Oreg, Gil Refael, and Michael H. Freedman. "Robust Majorana magic gates via measurements." Physical Review B 99, no. 14 (April 24, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.99.144521.

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42

Florio, Giuseppe, Paolo Facchi, Rosario Fazio, Vittorio Giovannetti, and Saverio Pascazio. "Robust gates for holonomic quantum computation." Physical Review A 73, no. 2 (February 17, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.73.022327.

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43

Shapira, Yotam, Ravid Shaniv, Tom Manovitz, Nitzan Akerman, and Roee Ozeri. "Robust Entanglement Gates for Trapped-Ion Qubits." Physical Review Letters 121, no. 18 (November 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.121.180502.

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44

Xu, G. F., P. Z. Zhao, D. M. Tong, and Erik Sjöqvist. "Robust paths to realize nonadiabatic holonomic gates." Physical Review A 95, no. 5 (May 30, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.95.052349.

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Rao, D. D. Bhaktavatsala, and Klaus Mølmer. "Robust Rydberg-interaction gates with adiabatic passage." Physical Review A 89, no. 3 (March 5, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.89.030301.

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46

Xiao, Li, and Jonathan A. Jones. "Robust logic gates and realistic quantum computation." Physical Review A 73, no. 3 (March 23, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.73.032334.

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Mc Hugh, D., and J. Twamley. "Sixth-order robust gates for quantum control." Physical Review A 71, no. 1 (January 19, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.71.012327.

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48

Jones, Jonathan A. "Robust Ising gates for practical quantum computation." Physical Review A 67, no. 1 (January 28, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.67.012317.

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Huang, Chia-Hsien, and Hsi-Sheng Goan. "Robust quantum gates for stochastic time-varying noise." Physical Review A 95, no. 6 (June 16, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.95.062325.

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Montangero, Simone, Tommaso Calarco, and Rosario Fazio. "Robust Optimal Quantum Gates for Josephson Charge Qubits." Physical Review Letters 99, no. 17 (October 22, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.99.170501.

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