Journal articles on the topic 'Robots'
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1
Yu, Zhong Hai. "Generic Technology of Home Service Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3330.
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The paper briefly looks back on current research situation of home service robots. It takes a home nursing robot as example to study and discuss some key generic technologies of home service robots. It generally overviewed robot’s mobile platform technology, modular design, reconfigurable robot technique, motion control, sensor technologies, indoor robot’s navigation and localization technology indoor, intelligentization, and robot’s technology standardization. Some the measures of technology standardization of home service robots have been put forward. It has realistic signification for industrialization of home service robots.
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Momen, Ali, and Eva Wiese. "Noticing Extroversion Effects Attention: How Robot and Participant Personality Affect Gaze Cueing." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621352.
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Social robots with expressive gaze have positive effects on human-robot interaction. In particular, research suggests that when robots are programmed to express introverted or extroverted gaze behavior, individuals enjoy interacting more with robots that match their personality. However, how this affects social-cognitive performance during human-robot interactions has not been thoroughly examined yet. In the current paper, we examine whether the perceived match between human and robot personality positively affects the degree to which the robot’s gaze is followed (i.e., gaze cueing, as a proxy for more complex social-cognitive behavior). While social attention has been examined extensively outside of human-robot interaction, recent research shows that a robot’s gaze is attended to in a similar way as a human’s gaze. While our results did not support the hypothesis that gaze cueing would be strongest when the participant’s personality matched the robot’s personality, we did find evidence that participants followed the gaze of introverted robots more strongly than the gaze of extroverted robots. This finding suggests that agent’s displaying extroverted gaze behavior may hurt performance in human-robot interaction.
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Andrean, Danu, and Nuryono Satya Widodo. "Simulation and Implementation of RSCUAD Walking Robot Based on ROS and Gazebo Simulator." Control Systems and Optimization Letters 1, no. 2 (July 18, 2023): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.59247/csol.v1i2.32.
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This research describes the virtual humanoid robot R-SCUAD using the Gazebo simulator. In its development, humanoid robots often perform movements that have a negative impact on the robot's hardware, therefore the development of a virtual robot model is a solution to overcome this problem. So that the robot can be simulated before running. Gazebo is a robot simulator that allows to accurately simulate, design and test robots in various environments. Gazebo itself is a simulation used by ROS (robotic operating system). The simulation is built by doing a 3D design process in solidwork software and exported to a URDF file that matches the format on the ROS. Tests carried out on robots are by comparing virtual robots with real robots. From the tests carried out on the robot, it was found that the virtual robot can walk according to the real robot, such as falling if the robot's condition is not balanced. The simulation robot also moves according to the real robot when the controls are carried out.
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Alzoubi, Saleem, and Mahdi H. Miraz. "Enhancing Robot Navigation Efficiency Using Cellular Automata with Active Cells." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2024): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2024.02.005.
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Enhancing robot navigation efficiency is a crucial objective in modern robotics. Robots relying on external navigation systems are often susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and encounter environmental disturbances, resulting in orientation errors within their surroundings. Therefore, the study employed an internal navigation system to enhance robot navigation efficacy under interference conditions, based on the analysis of the internal parameters and the external signals. This article presents details of the robot’s autonomous operation, which allows for setting the robot's trajectory using an embedded map. The robot’s navigation process involves counting the number of wheel revolutions as well as adjusting wheel orientation after each straight path section. In this article, an autonomous robot navigation system has been presented that leverages an embedded control navigation map utilising cellular automata with active cells which can effectively navigate in an environment containing various types of obstacles. By analysing the neighbouring cells of the active cell, the cellular environment determines which cell should become active during the robot’s next movement step. This approach ensures the robot’s independence from external control inputs. Furthermore, the accuracy and speed of the robot’s movement have been further enhanced using a hexagonal mosaic for navigation surface mapping. This concept of utilising on cellular automata with active cells has been extended to the navigation of a group of robots on a shared navigation surface, taking into account the intersections of the robots’ trajectories over time. To achieve this, a distance control module has been used that records the travelled trajectories in terms of wheel turns and revolutions.
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Phillips, Elizabeth, Daniel Ullman, Maartje M. A. de Graaf, and Bertram F. Malle. "What Does A Robot Look Like?: A Multi-Site Examination of User Expectations About Robot Appearance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601786.
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Robot design is a critical component of human-robot interaction. A robot’s appearance shapes people’s expectations of that robot, which in turn affect human-robot interaction. This paper reports on an exploratory analysis of 155 drawings of robots that were collected across three studies. The purpose was to gain a better understanding of people’s a priori expectations about the appearance of robots across a variety of robot types (household, military, humanoid, generic, and AI). The findings suggest that people’s visualizations of robots have common features that can be grouped into five broad components. People seem to distinguish between human-like and machine-like robots, with a default visualization of robots having a human-like appearance. In addition, expectations about robot appearance may be dependent on application domain.
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Belaidi, Hadjira, and Fethi Demim. "NURBs Based Multi-robots Path Planning with Obstacle Avoidance." Journal of Computing Theories and Applications 1, no. 4 (May 5, 2024): 478–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.62411/jcta.10387.
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The primary problem for multi-robot displacement and motion phase solving requires that the robots prevent themselves from colliding with each other as well as stationary obstacles. In certain situations, robot conflict is unavoidable if one robot views its neighbors as immovable obstacles. Hence, this paper proposes a new NURBs (Non-Uniform Rational B-spline) based algorithm for multi-robot path planning in a crowded environment. First, the proposed technique finds each robot's free, smooth, optimal path while avoiding collision with the existing obstacles. Secondly, the prospect of possible collision between the preplanned trajectories will be computed to allow the robots to navigate in the same workspace and coordinate between them. Then, each robot's time to arrive at potential collision sites is computed based on its speed. As a result, the robots involved in the collision must choose whether to use the robot priority technique to prevent the collision. Simulation results under different scenarios and comparisons with previous works are provided to validate the work. The obtained results prove that the proposed approach is accurate (as the robot's instantaneous speed is taken into consideration), fast (as there is no need to broadcast the robots’ positions), the robots’ paths are optimal and smooth (to avoid jerk movements), and the approach ensures that the robots will not be trapped by local minima problem.
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Yin, Zikang, Chao Ye, Hao An, Weiyang Lin, and Zhifeng Wang. "Robot Manipulation Skills Transfer for Sim-to-Real in Unstructured Environments." Electronics 12, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020411.
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Robot force control that needs to be customized for the robot structure in unstructured environments with difficult-to-tune parameters guarantees robots’ compliance and safe human–robot interaction in an increasingly expanding work environment. Although reinforcement learning provides a new idea for the adaptive adjustment of these parameters, the policy often needs to be trained from scratch when used in new robotics, even in the same task. This paper proposes the episodic Natural Actor-Critic algorithm with action limits to improve robot admittance control and transfer motor skills between robots. The motion skills learned by simple simulated robots can be applied to complex real robots, reducing the difficulty of training and time consumption. The admittance control ensures the realizability and mobility of the robot’s compliance in all directions. At the same time, the reinforcement learning algorithm builds up the environment model and realizes the adaptive adjustment of the impedance parameters during the robot’s movement. In typical robot contact tasks, motor skills are trained in a robot with a simple structure in simulation and used for a robot with a complex structure in reality to perform the same task. The real robot’s performance in each task is similar to the simulated robot’s in the same environment, which verifies the method’s effectiveness.
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Wee, Sung-Gil, Yanyan Dai, Tae Hun Kang, and Suk-Gyu Lee. "Variable formation control of multiple robots via VRc and formation switching to accommodate large heading changes by leader robot." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 6 (June 2019): 168781401985733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019857339.
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This article describes a novel multi-robot formation control based on a switching technique that allows follower robots to maintain formation when the leader robot’s direction changes rapidly or unexpectedly. The formation pattern is determined using Virtual Robot’s Center of the multi-robot formation. To avoid collision, the formation of robots reformed in optimal size by estimating the distance between the robot and an obstacle in real time. When the leader robot suddenly changes its direction, waypoints of follower robots are switched and the formation is quickly reconstructed. This prevents follower robots from colliding with each other and reduces their radius of movement and allows them to follow the leader robot at higher speed. The proposed method which is inherently a flexible control of multi-robot formation guarantees collision avoidance and prevents sudden changes in waypoints of the system by gradually changing its size. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated via simulation and experimental results.
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Huang, Lixiao, Daniel McDonald, and Douglas Gillan. "Exploration of Human Reactions to a Humanoid Robot in Public STEM Education." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601796.
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The service and entertainment industry advocates the possibility of using humanoid robots; however, direct interaction experience is uncommon. To understand humans’ interactions with humanoid robots, the present study used a robot capable of face recognition and conversation in a park and a school setting to explore the behavioral patterns of humans, dialog themes, and emotional responses. Results showed that humans’ behavioral patterns included looking at the robot, talking to the robot, talking to others about the robot, and adults taking photos. School children showed strong interest to interact with the robot and rich emotional responses. Major dialog themes included greeting, asking about the robot’s identity, testing the robot’s knowledge and capabilities, asking and replying about preferences and opinions, and correcting the robot’s errors. Observed emotional responses included liking, surprise, excitement, fright, frustration, and awkwardness. Humans interacted with the robot similarly to how they would interact with other humans but also differently. The educational value and design implication for humanoid robots are discussed.
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Munir, Safa, Kashaf Khan, Dr Naeem Aslam, Kamran Abid, and Mustajib-ur Rehman. "Humanoid Robots: Cybersecurity Concerns And Firewall Implementation." VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtcs.v11i1.1454.
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Technology has grown more important in our lives, and scientists are developing new products to make people’s life easier and more pleasant. One of these innovations is the humanoid robot. The use of humanoid robots in our daily lives is expanding at an unprecedented rate as robots are being used in different aspects of life. The market is becoming more automated and optimized, Robotics serves as one of the primary instruments used for these reasons. Yet, security continues to pose a concern for robotics. As humanoid robots begin to function "in the open," we must assess the threats they will confront. Through the literature review, researchers found that security assessments were not performed on the robots which cause the robots to be weak against cybersecurity attacks. In this research, we perform different security assessments to identify the vulnerabilities in humanoid robots. Furthermore, different metrics were used to check and perform security assessments on the robot as well as the results of security assessments has been shown. It was shown that humanoid robots are vulnerable as anyone will be able to hack the login credentials of robot’s website as well as there are some open ports in the robot’s network which can be used by the hackers to exploit robot’s working. Based on the results of assessment methods and our findings, we gave the firewall framework which will be helpful to protect the humanoid robot against those security vulnerabilities and attacks.This firewall framework will be able to protect the humanoid robots in aspects of both network and website/webpage exploitation.
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Sathuluri, Akhil, Anand Vazhapilli Sureshbabu, Jintin Frank, Maximilian Amm, and Markus Zimmermann. "Computational Systems Design of Low-Cost Lightweight Robots." Robotics 12, no. 4 (June 25, 2023): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics12040091.
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With the increased demand for customisation, developing task-specific robots for industrial and personal applications has become essential. Collaborative robots are often preferred over conventional industrial robots in human-centred production environments. However, fixed architecture robots lack the ability to adapt to changing user demands, while modular, reconfigurable robots provide a quick and affordable alternative. Standardised robot modules often derive their characteristics from conventional industrial robots, making them expensive and bulky and potentially limiting their wider adoption. To address this issue, the current work proposes a top-down multidisciplinary computational design strategy emphasising the low cost and lightweight attributes of modular robots within two consecutive optimisation problems. The first step employs an informed search strategy to explore the design space of robot modules to identify a low-cost robot architecture and controller. The second step employs dynamics-informed structural optimisation to reduce the robot’s net weight. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on a set of example requirements, illustrating that (1) the robot modules allow exploring non-intuitive robot architectures, (2) the structural mass of the resulting robot is 16 % lower compared to a robot designed using conventional aluminium tubes, and (3) the designed modules ensure the physical feasibility of the robots produced.
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Sasaki, Tohru, Takayuki Ushimaru, Takahiro Yamatani, Yusuke Ikemoto, and Haruki Obara. "Pivot Turning Measurement of Relative Position and Posture for Moving Robots System Using Stereo-Camera." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.895.
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The stereo-camera method is used to measure the positions of robots. In taking the measurements it is important to precisely measure the distance between cameras and the relative posture of the cameras. Therefore, we developed a novel method for measuring a mobile robot's relative position and posture by photographing robots’ pivot turns. A mobile robot system was equipped with a camera and an identification marker that made it possible to measure position and posture with the stereo-camera method when the viewpoint changed freely. One robot photographs the pivot turns of another. As the latter turns, an identification marker on it is used to trace the movement onto an image. The turning robot’s position and posture is determined by the length and angle of the trace. This procedure makes it possible for each of the two robots to obtain their relative position and posture, making the measurement of the stereo-camera method precise. Measuring with a fixed stereo camera is impossible when there are obstacles in the environment and the object being measured moves over a wide range. However, this robot system was able to use the stereo-camera method to expand the measurement range.
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Miller, Linda, Johannes Kraus, Franziska Babel, Matthias Messner, and Martin Baumann. "Come Closer: Experimental Investigation of Robots’ Appearance on Proximity, Affect and Trust in a Domestic Environment." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641089.
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From once being utopian, robots become more and more common in public and private social life. One area of application are robots, which are able to perform chores in domestic environments. To support users accustoming to the new robot companion, psychological mechanisms that enhance the interaction with robots need to be understood. In this research, the effects of robot’s height and manipulator position on proximity, affect and trust with regards to a humanoid robot were investigated in a laboratory experiment. Results indicated an effect of robot’s height on the comfort distance. On the other hand, a habituation effect after a second robot-human approach was found, in which the influence of the robot’s height on proximity diminished. Similar effects with an anxiety decrease and trending trust increase in the tall robot over time emphasize the importance of first encounters, which should be paid special attention to by designers of robotic systems.
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Yu, Shiqi, Yoshihiro Nakata, Yutaka Nakamura, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. "Inter-Module Physical Interactions: A Force-Transmissive Modular Structure for Whole-Body Robot Motion." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 33, no. 5 (October 20, 2021): 1190–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2021.p1190.
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Robots are required to be significantly compliant and versatile to work in unstructured environments. In a number of studies, robots have positively exploited the environments during interactions and completed tasks from a morphological viewpoint. Modular robots can help realize real-world adaptive robots. Researchers have been investigating the actuation, coupling, and communication mechanisms among these robots to realize versatility. However, the diverse force transmission among modules needs to be further studied to achieve the adaptive whole-body dynamics of a robot. In this study, we fabricated a modular robot and proposed the realization of force transmission on this robot, by constructing fluid transferable network systems on the actuation modules. By exploiting the physical property variations of the modular robot, our experimental results prove that the robot’s motion can be changed by switching the connection pattern of the system.
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Lekova, Anna, Paulina Tsvetkova, Anna Andreeva, Miglena Simonska, and Adelina Kremenska. "System software architecture for advancing human robot interaction by cloud services and multi-robot cooperation." International Journal on Information Technologies and Security 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59035/fmfz4017.
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Human-like interactions with robots based on Conversational AI facilitate assistance and teamwork in various contexts. Those interactions are further enhanced by utilizing physical presence and context from the robot's hardware. Robot cooperation is also especially useful, when software or hardware resources have to be shared in a multi-robot system. Therefore, we propose a modular software architecture for multi-robot cooperation that extends the integration of Conversational AI into Socially Assistive Robots, previously suggested by authors. It utilizes a flow-based approach that involves shared repositories and direct or message-driven communication to convey natural language transcriptions among robots in order to support their cooperation. By experiments we evaluated the cooperation between NAOqi based robots and Furhat robot. Our experimental results demonstrate architecture's modularity and adaptability to different cloud services, along with its effectiveness for interactions involving multiple robots.
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Rogalinski, Paweł. "An approach to automatic robots programming in the flexible manufacturing cell." Robotica 12, no. 3 (May 1994): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700017239.
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SUMMARYThe paper presents an approach to automatic synthesis of program for robots in a flexible manufacturing cell (FMC). The system of program generation consists of two layers: Task-Level Programming Layer and Program Interpretation and Verification Layer. The first layer uses robot-independent planning techniques to create a work plan for robots (set of elementary actions) and program for each elementary action. The second layer uses robot-dependent planning methods to plan robot's trajectories and calculate the robot's motion times. A simulation model of whole FMC, which is created based on a description of FMC and program for robots, makes possible evaluation of efficiency of FMC work.
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Tae, Marcos Inky, Kohei Ogawa, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. "Using Multiple Robots to Increase Suggestion Persuasiveness in Public Space." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 6080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136080.
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Though existing social robots can already be used in a variety of applications, there are technical limitations to their use, especially outside the laboratory, and humans do not fully trust or recognize them. Considering these problems, a method to make humans accept a robot’s suggestion more easily was investigated. An idea called “sequential persuasion” was developed to use multiple robots distant from each other to deliver small messages, rather than a single robot for the entire interaction. To experimentally validate this concept, a field experiment was performed on a university campus. Two bottles of hand sanitizer were placed in one of the entrances to a building, and their usage was observed under three different conditions: no robot, one robot, and three robots. As people passed through the entrance corridor, the robots promoted the usage of the hand sanitizers. After several days of testing, it was found that the usage increased progressively from no robot to one robot to three robots, indicating that the number of robots influenced the behavior of the humans.
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Yang, Zhiqian, Junfang Xue, and Weiguo Li. "Structural and Passability Analysis of Dual Detection Mode Pipeline Robot." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2419, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2419/1/012101.
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Abstract A new pipeline robot with a dual detection mode is built in order to address the issues with the current oil and gas pipeline inspection robots, such as single detection mode, small pipe diameter adaptation range, poor passing ability, and adaptability of the robots in pipelines. The general design of the robot is presented in this paper and the robot’s general construction and operation principles are discussed. The support system, which combines the main and auxiliary springs to achieve common preloading and force analysis, is organized to meet these goals. This paper designs the detection structure with an angle adjustable function. The robot’s motion and dimension restrictions through the bend pipe are examined concurrently. Experimental verification is then completed. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the robot’s structure design and calculations are reasonable, that the robot’s size and motion constraints analysis in the bend pipe is accurate, and that the robot can successfully pass the bend pipe with R ≥ 1.5D. The study’s findings serve as a guide for the development of prototype robots and subsequent robot simulation experiments.
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Saranya, M., N. Archana, SS Lavanya, K. Ooviyavalli, B. Sneha, and K. Sujana. "Digital twinning of surveillance robot." Annals of Robotics and Automation 8, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ara.000017.
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Surveillance robots provide troops with real-time information about their surroundings, including enemy positions, terrain, and potential threats. This information is invaluable for making informed decisions and ensuring the safety of military personnel. Geo-fenced robots are robots equipped with technology that restricts their movements within predefined geographic boundaries. These boundaries are typically established using GPS or other location-based technologies. In applications like the military, geo-fencing can be used to establish secure zones. Geo-fencing helps prevent robots from entering hazardous areas, reducing the risk of damage to the robot and potential harm to friendly forces or civilians This project aims at Digital twinning of robots by creating a virtual replica or model of a physical robot in a digital environment. Digital twinning allows engineers and designers to simulate and test the robot’s behavior, performance, and capabilities in a virtual environment before building the physical robot. This can lead to increased efficiency, reduced downtime, and cost savings. In this project, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor data is integrated with a digital twinned robot to create a virtual reproduction of the robot and its surroundings. LiDAR is a remote sensing technology that maps the robot’s surroundings in fine detail using 3D point clouds by measuring distances using laser pulses. Here we make use of RPLIDAR A1 M8 and acquire data from it using ROS with the help of a RaspberryPi4B Controller. Simulink is used to create a 3D model of the robot’s environment and the robot itself. Reinforcement learning and pure pursuit algorithms are used for developing them. This project discusses the need for geofenced autonomous robots and emphasizes the security and reliability it brings to military applications.
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Bingol, Mustafa Can, and Omur Aydogmus. "Practical application of a safe human-robot interaction software." Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application 47, no. 3 (January 16, 2020): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-09-2019-0180.
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Purpose Because of the increased use of robots in the industry, it has become inevitable for humans and robots to be able to work together. Therefore, human security has become the primary noncompromising factor of joint human and robot operations. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to develop a safe human-robot interaction software based on vision and touch. Design/methodology/approach The software consists of three modules. Firstly, the vision module has two tasks: to determine whether there is a human presence and to measure the distance between the robot and the human within the robot’s working space using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and depth sensors. Secondly, the touch detection module perceives whether or not a human physically touches the robot within the same work environment using robot axis torques, wavelet packet decomposition algorithm and CNN. Lastly, the robot’s operating speed is adjusted according to hazard levels came from vision and touch module using the robot’s control module. Findings The developed software was tested with an industrial robot manipulator and successful results were obtained with minimal error. Practical implications The success of the developed algorithm was demonstrated in the current study and the algorithm can be used in other industrial robots for safety. Originality/value In this study, a new and practical safety algorithm is proposed and the health of people working with industrial robots is guaranteed.
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Cichor, Jakub Edward, Sylvia Hubner-Benz, Tobias Benz, Franziska Emmerling, and Claudia Peus. "Robot leadership–Investigating human perceptions and reactions towards social robots showing leadership behaviors." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): e0281786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281786.
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Human-robot interaction research has shown that social robots can interact with humans in complex social situations and display leadership-related behaviors. Therefore, social robots could be able to take on leadership roles. The aim of our study was to investigate human followers’ perceptions and reactions towards robot leadership behavior, and differences based on the robot’s displayed leadership style. We implemented a robot to show either a transformational or a transactional leadership style in its speech and its movements. We presented the robot to university and executive MBA students (N = 29) and subsequently conducted semi-structured interviews and group discussions. The results of explorative coding indicated that participants differed in their perceptions and reactions based on the robot’s leadership style and based on their assumptions about robots in general. We observed that participants quickly imagined either a utopia or worried about a dystopia, depending on the robot’s leadership style and their assumptions, and that a subsequent reflection led to more nuanced views. We discuss the implications and recommendations for human-robot interaction and leadership research.
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Khoi, Phan Bui, and Nguyen Van Toan. "APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC FOR CONTROLLING MECHANISM OF RELATIVE MANIPULATION ROBOT (MRM ROBOT)." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 3 (June 16, 2016): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-708x/54/3/7333.
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In robot control, mathematical equations describing dynamic behaviors of robots are usually complicated. Additionally, the components such as inertial and friction parameters appearing in these equations are very difficult to determine exactly. With robots having complex structure such as parallel robots, MRM robots etc., the derivation of dynamic equations becomes more difficult and sometimes cannot obtain analytically. In those cases, controlling robot based on its equations of motion is quite hard. Applying fuzzy logic for robot control can overcome the mentioned drawbacks. This is because fuzzy control algorithm gives favorable condition to deal with the lack of adequation as well as inaccuracy of components in robot’s dynamic equations. Furthermore, the fuzzy rules are created by clauses which based on human logic, so it is easily to understand and implement. This paper discusses the application of fuzzy logic for controlling MRM robots. To compare the results obtained from fuzzy control, this paper are also adressed the use of the computed torque algorithm to control MRM robots
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Ochi, Kodai, and Mitsuharu Matsumoto. "Prototype Disaster Response Robot with Variable Size and Rigidity." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research 13, no. 3 (2024): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmerr.13.3.386-391.
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Disaster response robots are designed to replace human workers in hazardous environments. When transporting such robots, transportation by aircraft is sometimes desirable because land routes are not always safe. The performance of disaster response robots is constantly improving; however, their volume and mass tend to increase, which makes current disaster response robots unsuitable for air transportation. Thus, robots with variable size and rigidity should be developed to facilitate effective and efficient air transport. Therefore, we developed a lightweight robot that can be stored in a small space. The prototype robot is composed of a lightweight sponge that can be vacuum compressed to save space during transportation and can be deployed from the air. After being transported to the site, the robot can return to its original size by opening the package and releasing it from compression. In addition, the robot’s rigidity is realized using UV-curing resin. The robot is also equipped with a vibration propulsion mechanism, and we confirmed that the robot can move using this mechanism. Furthermore, the robot was found to be able to change direction and carry lightweight objects.
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Fuse, Yotaro, and Masataka Tokumaru. "Navigation Model for a Robot as a Human Group Member to Adapt to Changing Conditions of Personal Space." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 24, no. 5 (September 20, 2020): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2020.p0621.
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In the present paper, we propose a robotic model to help determine a robot’s position under the changing conditions of human personal space in a human-robot group. Recently, several attempts have been made to develop personal robots suitable for human communities. Determining a robot’s position is important not only to avoid collisions with humans but also to maintain a socially acceptable distance from them. Interpersonal space maintained by persons in a community depends on the particular context and situations. Therefore, robots need to determine their own positions while considering the positions of other persons and evaluating the changes made in their personal space. To address this problem, we proposed a robot navigation model and examined whether the experiment participants could distinguish the robot’s trajectory from the human’s trajectory in the experimental scenario. We prepared a scenario in which robots in a group needed to keep an appropriate distance in a three-dimensional space. The experiment participants provided their impressions on robot movements while watching the records representing the scenario. The results indicate that (1) a robot using the proposed model is able to follow the other group members and (2) the experiment participants were not sure whether the trajectories of the robots were controlled by humans and by the proposed model. Therefore, we conclude that the proposed model generates suitable trajectories in robot groups.
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Karwowski, Waldemar, T. Plank, M. Parsaei, and M. Rahimi. "Human Perception of the Maximum Safe Speed of Robot Motions." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 2 (September 1987): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100211.
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A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the maximum speeds of robot arm motion considered by the subjects as safe for human operators working in a close proximity of the robot's working envelope. Twenty-nine college students (16 males and 13 females) participated in the study as monitors of the simulated assembly tasks performed by two industrial robots of different size and work capabilities. The results show that the speed selection process depends on the robot's physical size and its initial speed at the start of the adjustment process. Subjects selected higher speeds as “safe” if they were first exposed to the maximum speed of the robot, and significantly lower values when the initial speed of the robot's actions was only 5% of maximum. It was also shown that the subject's previous exposure to robots and the level of their knowledge of industrial robots highly affected their perception of safe speeds of robot motions. Such effects differ, however, between males and females.
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Akai, Naoki, Yasunari Kakigi, Shogo Yoneyama, and Koichi Ozaki. "Development of Autonomous Mobile Robot that Can Navigate in Rainy Situations." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 28, no. 4 (August 19, 2016): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2016.p0441.
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[abstFig src='/00280004/02.jpg' width='300' text='Navigation under strong rainy condition' ] The Real World Robot Challenge (RWRC), a technical challenge for mobile outdoor robots, has robots automatically navigate a predetermined path over 1 km with the objective of detecting specific persons. RWRC 2015 was conducted in the rain and every robot could not complete the mission. This was because sensors on the robots detected raindrops and the robots then generated unexpected behavior, indicating the need to study the influence of rain on mobile navigation systems – a study clearly not yet sufficient. We begin by describing our robot’s waterproofing function, followed by investigating the influence of rain on the external sensors commonly used in mobile robot navigation and discuss how the robot navigates autonomous in the rain. We conducted navigation experiments in artificial and actual rainy environments and those results showed that the robot navigates stably in the rain.
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Lin, Hao, Yihui Chen, and Wei Tang. "Soft Electrohydraulic Bending Actuators for Untethered Underwater Robots." Actuators 13, no. 6 (June 8, 2024): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13060214.
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Traditional underwater rigid robots have some shortcomings that limit their applications in the ocean. In contrast, because of their inherent flexibility, soft robots, which have gained popularity recently, offer greater adaptability, efficiency, and safety than rigid robots. Among them, the soft actuator is the core component to power the soft robot. Here, we propose a class of soft electrohydraulic bending actuators suitable for underwater robots, which realize the bending motion of the actuator by squeezing the working liquid with an electric field. The actuator consists of a silicone rubber film, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, soft electrodes, silicone oils, an acrylic frame, and a soft flipper. When a square wave voltage is applied, the actuator can generate continuous flapping motions. By mimicking Haliclystus auricula, we designed an underwater robot based on six soft electrohydraulic bending actuators and constructed a mechanical model of the robot. Additionally, a high-voltage square wave circuit board was created to achieve the robot’s untethered motions and remote control using a smart phone via WiFi. The test results show that 1 Hz was the robot’s ideal driving frequency, and the maximum horizontal swimming speed of the robot was 7.3 mm/s.
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Ramaraj, Preeti. "Robots that Help Humans Build Better Mental Models of Robots." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 18 (May 18, 2021): 15730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i18.17862.
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Interactive Task Learning (ITL) is an approach to teaching robots new tasks through language and demonstration. It relies on the fact that people have experience teaching each other. However, this can be challenging if the human instructor does not have an accurate mental model of a robot. This mental model consists of the robot’s knowledge, capabilities, shortcomings, goals, and intentions. The research question that I investigate is “How can the robot help the human build a better mental model of the robot?”
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Li, Zhaolu, Ning Xu, Xiaoli Zhang, Xiafu Peng, and Yumin Song. "Motion Control Method of Bionic Robot Dog Based on Vision and Navigation Information." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 13, 2023): 3664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063664.
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With the progress and development of AI technology and industrial automation technology, AI robot dogs are widely used in engineering practice to replace human beings in high-precision and tedious industrial operations. Bionic robots easily produce control errors due to the influence of spatial disturbance factors in the process of pose determination. It is necessary to calibrate robots accurately to improve the positioning control accuracy of bionic robots. Therefore, a robust control algorithm for bionic robots based on binocular vision navigation is proposed. An optical CCD binocular vision dynamic tracking system is used to measure the end position and pose parameters of a bionic robot, and the kinematics model of the controlled object is established. Taking the degree of freedom parameter of the robot’s rotating joint as the control constraint parameter, a hierarchical subdimensional space motion planning model of the robot is established. The binocular vision tracking method is used to realize the adaptive correction of the position and posture of the bionic robot and achieve robust control. The simulation results show that the fitting error of the robot’s end position and pose parameters is low, and the dynamic tracking performance is good when the method is used for the position positioning of control of the bionic robot.
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Maulana, Mirza Arif, Reza Nandika, Nur Iksan, Achmad Yani, Ismail Yusuf Panessai, and Nurul Akhmal Mohd Zulkefli. "Goods Movement Robot Prototype Design With Wheel Arm System." International Journal of Recent Technology and Applied Science (IJORTAS) 5, no. 1 (March 7, 2023): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijortas-0501.497.
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One of the uses of robotics technology that is developing is in the field of warehousing, with robots transferring vehicle goods used in the industrial world, especially in the warehousing section. The item transfer robot has 2 navigations, namely on the wheeled part, namely the robot can maneuver in all directions without the need to rotate the body of the robot (holonomic robot). Then one of the robots that is used quite often in the industrial world is the arm manipulator. Robots that have a physical shape like a human arm and a degree of freedom (Degree of Freedom). The transfer robot system is controlled remotely using an IoT-based smartphone using the ESP32 Wemos D1 R32 module as the robot's driving brain and ESP32-Cam as the robot's drilling visual. Several robot tests are carried out to ensure that the designed robot can run properly. From the results of functional testing, parts of the robot can run well. The robot can walk through commands from a smartphone, the gripper on the arm manipulator can grasp objects and the ESP32-Cam can display images to the smartphone.
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Coltin, Brian, and Manuela Veloso. "Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting Localization with Ambiguous Landmarks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 1 (August 4, 2011): 1462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v25i1.7983.
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Successful approaches to the robot localization problem include Monte Carlo particle filters, which estimate non-parametric localization belief distributions. However, particle filters fare poorly at determining the robot's position without a good initial hypothesis. This problem has been addressed for robots that sense visual landmarks with sensor resetting, by performing sensor-based resampling when the robot is lost. For robots that make sparse, ambiguous and noisy observations, standard sensor resetting places new location hypotheses across a wide region, in positions that may be inconsistent with previous observations. We propose Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting, where observations from multiple frames are merged to generate new hypotheses more effectively. We demonstrate experimentally in the robot soccer domain on the NAO humanoid robots that Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting converges more efficiently to the robot's true position than standard sensor resetting, and is more robust to systematic vision errors.
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Johanson, Deborah L., Ho Seok Ahn, Craig J. Sutherland, Bianca Brown, Bruce A. MacDonald, Jong Yoon Lim, Byeong Kyu Ahn, and Elizabeth Broadbent. "Smiling and use of first-name by a healthcare receptionist robot: Effects on user perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours." Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2020-0008.
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AbstractRobots are now starting to be developed and used as receptionists in health applications. In this regard, it is important that robots’ behavioural skills are developed and researched so that people have appropriate and comfortable interactions. Smiling and use of first name are two more important social communication skills used during human interactions. While smiling and use of first name are often employed by robots in human interactions, the effect of these behaviours on perceptions of receptionist robots has not yet been experimentally investigated. This study explored the effects of robot smiling and robot use of the participant’s first name on perceptions of robot friendliness, mind, and personality, as well as attitudes and smiling behaviour. Forty participants interacted with a medical receptionist robot four times, in a two by two repeated measures design. Both smiling and use of first name had significant positive effects on participants’ perceptions of robot personality. Robot smiling also showed significant effects on participants’ overall attitudes towards robots, ratings of robot friendliness, and perceptions of the robot’s mind, and increased the frequency of participants’ own smiling. There were no significant interaction effects. Robot smiling in particular can enhance user perceptions of robots and increase reciprocal smiling.
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Bartneck, Christoph, and Jun Hu. "Exploring the abuse of robots." Interaction Studies 9, no. 3 (December 5, 2008): 415–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.9.3.04bar.
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Robots have been introduced into our society, but their social role is still unclear. A critical issue is whether the robot’s exhibition of intelligent behaviour leads to the users’ perception of the robot as being a social actor, similar to the way in which people treat computers and media as social actors. The first experiment mimicked Stanley Milgram’s obedience experiment, but on a robot. The participants were asked to administer electric shocks to a robot, and the results show that people have fewer concerns about abusing robots than about abusing other people. We refined the methodology for the second experiment by intensifying the social dilemma of the users. The participants were asked to kill the robot. In this experiment, the intelligence of the robot and the gender of the participants were the independent variables, and the users’ destructive behaviour towards the robot the dependent variable. Several practical and methodological problems compromised the acquired data, but we can conclude that the robot’s intelligence had a significant influence on the users’ destructive behaviour. We discuss the encountered problems and suggest improvements. We also speculate on whether the users’ perception of the robot as being “sort of alive” may have influenced the participants’ abusive behaviour.
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Pon Bharathi, A., M. Ramachandran, Ramu Kurinjimalar, and Sriram Soniya. "An Investigation on Humanoid Robots with Biped Locomotion and Walking." Design, Modelling and Fabrication of Advanced Robots 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/dmfar/1/1/9.
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Human figures move, speak, and perform actions through certain features, such as sensors and actuators. Android is a humanoid robot that looks like a human, while Ginoids look like female humans. Human figures function through certain features. Arts, the UK-based designer and creator of anthropological robots, recently posted a video on YouTube showing one of the most vivid works with sensors that can sense their environment. Amega, a robot, has been shown to create incredible human-like facial expressions, and in fantasy systems, the human figure is used to represent amazing creatures such as a dwarf, cub, cub. gnome, Halfling, goblin, Troll, orc or an ogre, and Bigfoot Actuators are the motors responsible for the robot's movement. Humanoid robots are designed to mimic the human body. Although with different structures, they use accelerators that act like muscles and joints. The actuators of humanoid robots can be electric, pneumatic or hydraulic. Well, almost. Recently, the UK-based robotics company Engineering Arts showcased its Artificial Intelligence (AI) anthropology robot Amega, which is almost bizarre. Anthropology robots, on the other hand, did not reach the target. Following humans in form and ambiguous function. They have very specific roles - More than just being a "do it all" assistant. Our own TUG mobile robots and the robot's Ramba are prime examples of humanoid robots, with many features such as flexible flexibility, law enforcement and motion redundancy. The humanoid robot assists working people by ensuring their care and complete safety. Such robots also work in factories and can perform repetitive tasks without any mistakes. Honda Motor Corporation's Asimov is known as the most sophisticated robot in the world due to its human appearance and ability to walk and climb stairs. Amega is a humanoid robot from the British company Engineering Arts. The company claims to be introducing 20 years of innovation in motion and natural gestures, with the ability to use sophisticated AI.
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Huynh, Phu Duc, and Tuong Quan Vo. "An application of genetic algorithm to optimize the 3-Joint carangiform fish robot’ s links to get the desired straight velocity." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i1.920.
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Biomimetic robot is a new branch of researched field which is developing quickly in recent years. Some of the popular biomimetic robots are fish robot, snake robot, dog robot, dragonfly robot, etc. Among the biomimetic underwater robots, fish robot and snake robot are mostly concerned. In this paper, we study about an optimization method to find the design parameters of fish robot. First, we analyze the dynamic model of the 3-joint Carangiform fish robot by using Lagrange method. Then the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimal lengths’ values of fish robot’s links. The constraint of this optimization problem is that the values of fish robot’s links are chosen that they can make fish robot swim with the desired straight velocity. Finally, some simulation results are presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method
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Yan, Feng, Haitao Gao, Lei Zhang, and Yali Han. "Design and motion analysis of multi-motion mode pipeline robot." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2246, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2246/1/012029.
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Abstract Aiming to improve the adaptability level of single motion form pipeline robots, a wheeled pipeline robot with multiple motion modes is designed. The overall scheme of the pipeline robot is given. The self-adaptive diameter-changing mechanism, wheel displacement mechanism, and turning mechanism are designed. The motion and mechanical models of pipeline robots during travelling are established; on this basis, the robot‘s main body structure is optimised.
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Cho, Chunhyung, and Jonghoek Kim. "Robust Distributed Rendezvous Using Multiple Robots with Variable Range Radars." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 8535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178535.
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This paper considers multi-robot systems, such that each robot has a radar for detecting its neighbor robots. We consider a practical scenario in which a radar sensor contains measurement noise, and the environmental disturbance generates process noise in a robot’s maneuvering. We consider a 3D scenario such that the network can be split initially. For instance, complete failures of one or more robots can split the network. Considering 3D environments, the goal of our paper is to let all robots rendezvous in a distributed manner so that the network connectivity can be recovered even after the network is split. Robust distributed rendezvous control is designed so that the network connectivity is maintained (or recovered) during the maneuvering of a robot. To recover the network connectivity, we adaptively control the robot’s radar footprint by increasing the transmission power level (adjust the amplifier in the transmitter). To the best of our knowledge, this paper is novel in applying a radar with a variable sensing range in order to make all robots rendezvous in 3D environments. We address MATLAB simulations to demonstrate the outperformance of our rendezvous approach with variable range radars by comparing it with the state-of-the-art in multi-robot rendezvous controls.
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Rahman, Md Hasibur, Saadia Binte Alam, Trisha Das Mou, Mohammad Faisal Uddin, and Mahady Hasan. "A Dynamic Approach to Low-Cost Design, Development, and Computational Simulation of a 12DoF Quadruped Robot." Robotics 12, no. 1 (February 17, 2023): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics12010028.
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Robots equipped with legs have significant potential for real-world applications. Many industries, including those concerned with instruction, aid, security, and surveillance, have shown interest in legged robots. However, these robots are typically incredibly complicated and expensive to purchase. Iron Dog Mini is a low-cost, easily replicated, and modular quadruped robot built for training, security, and surveillance. To keep the price low and its upkeep simple, we designed our quadruped robot in a modular manner. We provide a comparative study of robotic manufacturing cost between our proposed robot and previously established robots. We were able to create a compact femur and tibia structure with sufficient load-bearing capacity. To improve stability and motion efficiency, we considered the novel Watt six-bar linkage mechanism. Using the SolidWorks modeling software, we analyzed the structural integrity of the robot’s components, considering their respective material properties. Furthermore, our research involved developing URDF data for our quadruped robot based on its CAD model. Its gait trajectory is planned using a 14-point Bezier curve. We demonstrate the operation of the simulation model and briefly discuss the robot’s kinematics. Computational methods are emphasized in this research, coupled with the simulation of kinematic and dynamic performances and analytical/numerical modeling.
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Hung, Lillian, Donna Case, Haopu Ren, Nathan Velazquez, and Olga Petrovskaya. "LIVING WITH A ROBOT AT HOME: THE COMPLEXITY OF LIVING WITH ASSISTIVE ROBOTS LABRADOR AND DOUBLE IN EVERYDAY LIFE." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 409–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1353.
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Abstract The potential for assistive robots to support older adults’ independence and social connections requires careful consideration of their implications in everyday use. This study investigates the use of two assistive robots, Labrador and Double, in older adults, guided by Actor-Network Theory (ANT). Labrador (a delivery robot) assists with medication management, meals, laundry, house cleaning to support independence, while Double (a teleprence robot) enables virtual social visits. ANT offers a way to understand how the robots interact with different actors, such as older adults, family members, staff, and the environment in which they operate. We applied a qualitative approach to explore how users construct meanings, use, and make sense of the robots in their everyday contexts. Semi-structured interviews and ethnographic fieldwork were conducted with participants to generate data. Reflexive thematic analysis was performed, and three themes emerged: (1) the human-robot relationship, (2) the robot’s agency, and (3) ethical implications. The findings suggest that having the robots in everyday life is a process of constant negotiation with the people, practice, and the robot. The study highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of robots to improve quality of life in senior care. While there is a fear that assistive robots will dehumanize caring practices, our study shows that they have the potential to foster innovative user-technology relationships, which requires further research.
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Levy, Avichai, and Erez Karpas. "Understanding Natural Language in Context." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 33, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v33i1.27248.
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Recent years have seen an increasing number of applications that have a natural language interface, either in the form of chatbots or via personal assistants such as Alexa (Amazon), Google Assistant, Siri (Apple), and Cortana (Microsoft). To use these applications, a basic dialog between the assistant and the human is required. While this kind of dialog exists today mainly within static robots that do not make any movement in the household space, the challenge of reasoning about the information conveyed by the environment increases significantly when dealing with robots that can move and manipulate objects in our home environment. In this paper, we focus on cognitive robots, which have some knowledge-based models of the world and operate by reasoning and planning with this model. Thus, when the robot and the human communicate, there is already some formalism they can use -- the robot’s knowledge representation formalism. In this paper we describe an approach for translating natural language directives into the robot's formalism, allowing much more complicated household tasks to be completed. We do so by combining off-the-shelf SoTA large language models, planning tools, and the robot knowledge of the state of the world and of its own model. This results in much more accurate interpretation of directives in natural language.
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Seala Syah Alam and A Josias Simon Runturambi. "FOREX ROBOT DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE STRATEGY." International Journal of Social Science 1, no. 4 (December 14, 2021): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v1i4.710.
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In the development of technology in the financial world, we are also now familiar with trading robots. This robot works to make it easier to trade in cyberspace. Trading robots do not offer a solution to generate instant profitable transactions. Profitable long-term forex trading is much more than just tactical analysis of forex trading and the use of trading robots. Have a special program that does all the work to look tempting. But this is how trading robot’s work. Trading robot sellers who prefer to see a decent trading robot. Such a system requires constant human adaptation and supervision. The general public who wants to use trading robots well must know the risks and systems of the trading robot and there is no guarantee that using a trading robot will be 100% profitable. It should be emphasized again that the trading robot will make decisions based on the conditions that have occurred and the right decisions at that time. Thus, no foreign trade organizer dares to give absolute guarantees.
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Mogos, E. "The fuzzy-based systems in the communication between a human and a humanoid robot." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2251, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2251/1/012003.
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Abstract The communication between a human and a humanoid robot is a real challenge for the researchers in the field of the robotics. Despite of the progress in the acoustic modelling and in the natural languages the humanoid robots are overtaken by the humans when the humanoid robots are engaged in the real life because the speech and the human emotions are extremely ambiguous due to the noises and the external audio events from the robot’s environment. The humans assign a correct interpretation to the perceived ambiguous signal, but the humanoids robots cannot interpret the ambiguous signal. The most common software used in the interpretation of the ambiguous signal is a fuzzy based software. The artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system, shortly known as ANFIS is the emotion recognition system based on the fuzzy sets which acts as the thalamus of the human brain and it is responsible for the sensorial perception of the humanoid robot. Our goal in this work is to create the fuzzy-based sound signals software and the fuzzy-based genetic algorithm with high performance in the communication between the human and the humanoid robots which help the humanoid robots to think, to understand the human speech and the human emotions and all the ambiguous signals from the robot’s environment in a way that it is distinguishable for every humanoid robot as the human.
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Biswas, Mriganka, and John Murray. "Can Cognitive Biases in Robots Make More ‘Likeable' Human-Robot Interactions than the Robots Without Such Biases." International Journal of Artificial Life Research 6, no. 1 (January 2016): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijalr.2016010101.
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The research presented in the paper aims to develop long-term companionship between cognitively imperfect robots and humans. In order to develop cognitively imperfect robot, the research suggests to implement various cognitive biases in a robot's interactive behaviours. In the authors' understanding, such cognitively biased behaviours in robot will help the participants to relate with it easily. In the current paper, they show comparative results of the experiments using five biased and one non-biased algorithms in a 3D printed humanoid robot MARC. The results from the experiments show that the participants initially liked the robot with biased and imperfect behaviours than the same robots without any mistakes and biases.
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Ma, Xi Pei, Bing Feng Qian, Song Jie Zhang, and Ye Wang. "Research on Technology and Application of Multi-Sensor Data Fusion for Indoor Service Robots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.831.
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The autonomous navigation process of a mobile service robot is usually in uncertain environment. The information only given by sensors has been unable to meet the demand of the modern mobile robots, so multi-sensor data fusion has been widely used in the field of robots. The platform of this project is the achievement of the important 863 Program national research project-a prototype nursing robot. The aim is to study a mobile service robot’s multi-sensor information fusion, path planning and movement control method. It can provide a basis and practical use’s reference for the study of an indoor robot’s localization.
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Rossi, Alessandra, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Kheng Lee Koay, and Michael L. Walters. "A matter of consequences." Interaction Studies 24, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 380–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.21025.ros.
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Abstract On reviewing the literature regarding acceptance and trust in human-robot interaction (HRI), there are a number of open questions that needed to be addressed in order to establish effective collaborations between humans and robots in real-world applications. In particular, we identified four principal open areas that should be investigated to create guidelines for the successful deployment of robots in the wild. These areas are focused on: (1) the robot’s abilities and limitations; in particular when it makes errors with different severity of consequences, (2) individual differences, (3) the dynamics of human-robot trust, and (4) the interaction between humans and robots over time. In this paper, we present two very similar studies, one with a virtual robot with human-like abilities, and one with a Care-O-bot 4 robot. In the first study, we create an immersive narrative using an interactive storyboard to collect responses of 154 participants. In the second study, 6 participants had repeated interactions over three weeks with a physical robot. We summarise and discuss the findings of our investigations of the effects of robots’ errors on people’s trust in robots for designing mechanisms that allow robots to recover from a breach of trust. In particular, we observed that robots’ errors had greater impact on people’s trust in the robot when the errors were made at the beginning of the interaction and had severe consequences. Our results also provided insights on how these errors vary according to the individuals’ personalities, expectations and previous experiences.
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Ehrenman, Gayle. "Eyes on the Line." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 08 (August 1, 2005): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-aug-2.
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This article discusses vision-enabled robots that are helping factories to keep the production lines rolling, even when the parts are out of place. The automotive industry was one of the earliest to adopt industrial robots, and continues to be one of its biggest users, but now industrial robots are turning up in more unusual factory settings, including pharmaceutical production and packaging, consumer electronics assembly, machine tooling, and food packaging. No current market research is available that breaks down vision-enabled versus blind robot usage. However, all the major industrial robot manufacturers are turning out models that are vision-enabled; one manufacturer said that its entire current line of robots are vision enabled. All it takes to change over the robot system is some fairly basic tooling changes to the robot's end-effector, and some programming changes in the software. The combination of speed, relatively low cost , flexibility, and ease of use that vision-enabled robots offer is making an increasing number of factories consider putting another set of eyes on their lines.
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Huong, Tran Thi, and Pham Thi Thu Ha. "Controlling mobile robot in flat environment taking into account nonlinear factors applying artificial intelligence." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 13, no. 5 (October 1, 2024): 3737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v13i5.7818.
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The article shows how to build and identify intelligent automatic control problems for mobile robots in a flat surface environment at the workplace, with known and unknown obstacles. Research and develop programming and control methods as an operating system for mobile robots robot operating system (ROS). Update map data information, in the operating environment, robot position control process, obstacle overcoming process simultaneous positioning and mapping (SLAM). From there, we aim to calculate and determine the robot's motion trajectory to get a smart path. The positioning trajectory calculation system robots. The authors use actor-critic (AC) algorithm to research and develop control. Research results in simulations, in Gazebo environment and test runs on real mobile robots have shown high-quality practical performance of automatic navigation and control while using this algorithm.
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Söderlund, Magnus. "Service robots and artificial morality: an examination of robot behavior that violates human privacy." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 33, no. 7 (July 19, 2023): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-09-2022-0196.
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PurposeService robots are expected to become increasingly common, but the ways in which they can move around in an environment with humans, collect and store data about humans and share such data produce a potential for privacy violations. In human-to-human contexts, such violations are transgression of norms to which humans typically react negatively. This study examines if similar reactions occur when the transgressor is a robot. The main dependent variable was the overall evaluation of the robot.Design/methodology/approachService robot privacy violations were manipulated in a between-subjects experiment in which a human user interacted with an embodied humanoid robot in an office environment.FindingsThe results show that the robot's violations of human privacy attenuated the overall evaluation of the robot and that this effect was sequentially mediated by perceived robot morality and perceived robot humanness. Given that a similar reaction pattern would be expected when humans violate other humans' privacy, the present study offers evidence in support of the notion that humanlike non-humans can elicit responses similar to those elicited by real humans.Practical implicationsThe results imply that designers of service robots and managers in firms using such robots for providing service to employees should be concerned with restricting the potential for robots' privacy violation activities if the goal is to increase the acceptance of service robots in the habitat of humans.Originality/valueTo date, few empirical studies have examined reactions to service robots that violate privacy norms.
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Ham, Jaap. "Influencing robot influence." Interaction Studies 22, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 464–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.00012.ham.
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Abstract In the near future, robots will function in social roles and attempt to influence the user’s behavior and / or thinking. The current contribution analyses how to influence robot influence: Persuasive robots can be personalized to make them more effective. We present an overview of (1) the user characteristics to which persuasive robots can be personalized, (2) considering the specific current situation of a user; and (3) the robot characteristics that can be personalized. Thereby, we give an overview of how the persuasive robot’s physical appearance, behavior, (perceived) cognition and affect can be influenced to characteristics of the user (personalized) in order to make the robot more persuasive and thereby to understand better how the persuasive power of an embodied artificial social entity can be influenced.
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Morita, Tooru, Shigeto Aramaki, Shigeru Kurono, and Kouu Kagekawa. "Questions and Answers Among Multiple Robots for Dynamically Enhancing Each Robot’s Capability." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 5, no. 4 (August 20, 1993): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1993.p0381.
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The importance for performing a work through the cooperation of multiple robots is also being emphasized over many tasks done by granting various functions to a single robot. In the past, the research has mainly been done on the algorithm when multiple robots behave cooperatively. In addition, such a method has also been taken in many cases that a human issues instructions and work skills to a robot. However, a human's burden can be greatly alleviated if a robot can issue the instructions and transmit the knowledge to another robot. The present study considers the case in which a robot teaches the knowledge to another robot through questions and answers. In this case, the expression format of the necessary knowledge and the knowledge transmission method are proposed. The robot that teaches the knowledge must know what type of knowledge the taught robot holds. On the other hand, the taught robot must previously hold the minimum level knowledge to understand what is taught. First of all, the same format of knowledge possessed by the respective robots must be shared for the sake of standardization of knowledge. Next, the transmission of knowledge means writing the character string into the counterpart robot's database. The processing inside the counterpart robot's database is entirely done in CD form (conceptual dependency form). Using this CD form simplifies the transmission and processing of knowledge and the translation into a lower level robot language. Furthermore, the conformity with various robots which are being developed using the CD form can also be improved. A teacher robot could teach the procedures of assembling work to a worker robot using this system.