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Academic literature on the topic 'RLF'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "RLF"

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Rudder, TH, GW Seifert, and HM Burrow. "Environmental and genotype effects on fertility in a commercial beef herd in central Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 3 (1985): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850489.

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Joining liveweight, proportion pregnant and calving date were recorded from relatively low fertility (RLF) and relatively high fertility (RHF) tropically adapted genotypes. RLF genotypes were F2 et seq. Brahman x British crossbreds and Brahman back crosses while RHF genotypes were F1 Brahman x British and Africander infused crossbreds. Year effects had the largest and most consistent influence on joining liveweight, proportion of cows pregnant and calving date. RLF genotypes had a lower proportion pregnant than RHF genotypes in yearling heifers, 2-5-year-old and >9- year-old lactating cows, but there was no difference in the 6-8-year age group. Calving dates tended to be later in the RLF genotypes in the 2-5-year age groups, but were the same as RHF genotypes in older age groups. Annual variation in joining liveweight was explained by May-October rainfall, which was an indication of pasture productivity levels. The proportion of cows pregnant was related to joining liveweight; to achieve a high proportion in the RHF genotypes, target joining liveweights of about 275 and 375 kg were indicated for yearling heifers and lactating cows, respectively. There was no difference between RLF and RHF in the 6-8-year lactating age group, but in other age groups RLF genotypes tended to require an extra 25-75 kg joining liveweight to approximate the proportion pregnant in RHF genotypes over the lower and mid-liveweight ranges. However, at highest joining liveweights, RLF had a lower proportion pregnant than did RHF genotypes. Calving date influenced the proportion that became pregnant during the subsequent joining season, young cows being more sensitive to calving date than old cows, and RLF more sensitive than RHF genotypes.
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Mäkelä, T. P., J. Kere, R. Winqvist, and K. Alitalo. "Intrachromosomal rearrangements fusing L-myc and rlf in small-cell lung cancer." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 8 (August 1991): 4015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.8.4015.

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Chromosomal abnormalities affecting proto-oncogenes are frequently detected in human cancer. Oncogenes of the myc family are activated in several types of tumors as a result of gene amplification or chromosomal translocation. We have recently found the L-myc gene involved in a gene fusion in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). This results in a chimeric protein with amino-terminal sequences from a novel gene named rif joined to L-myc. Here we present a preliminary structural characterization of the rlf-L-myc fusion gene, which has been found only in cells with an amplified L-myc gene. In addition, we have used somatic cell hybrids to assign the normal rlf locus to the same chromosome (chromosome 1) on which L-myc resides. Finally, we have been able to establish a physical linkage between rif and L-myc with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrate that normal rlf and L-myc genes are separated by less than 800 kb of DNA. Thus, the rlf-L-myc gene fusions are due to similar but not identical intrachromosomal rearrangements at 1p32. The presence of independent genetic lesions that cause the formation of identical chimeric rlf-L-myc proteins suggests a role for the fusion protein in the development of these tumors.
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Mäkelä, T. P., J. Kere, R. Winqvist, and K. Alitalo. "Intrachromosomal rearrangements fusing L-myc and rlf in small-cell lung cancer." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 8 (August 1991): 4015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.8.4015-4021.1991.

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Chromosomal abnormalities affecting proto-oncogenes are frequently detected in human cancer. Oncogenes of the myc family are activated in several types of tumors as a result of gene amplification or chromosomal translocation. We have recently found the L-myc gene involved in a gene fusion in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). This results in a chimeric protein with amino-terminal sequences from a novel gene named rif joined to L-myc. Here we present a preliminary structural characterization of the rlf-L-myc fusion gene, which has been found only in cells with an amplified L-myc gene. In addition, we have used somatic cell hybrids to assign the normal rlf locus to the same chromosome (chromosome 1) on which L-myc resides. Finally, we have been able to establish a physical linkage between rif and L-myc with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrate that normal rlf and L-myc genes are separated by less than 800 kb of DNA. Thus, the rlf-L-myc gene fusions are due to similar but not identical intrachromosomal rearrangements at 1p32. The presence of independent genetic lesions that cause the formation of identical chimeric rlf-L-myc proteins suggests a role for the fusion protein in the development of these tumors.
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Mahbubani, Hiro M., James P. J. Chong, Stephane Chevalier, Pia Thömmes, and J. Julian Blow. "Cell Cycle Regulation of the Replication Licensing System: Involvement of a Cdk-dependent Inhibitor." Journal of Cell Biology 136, no. 1 (January 13, 1997): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.136.1.125.

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The replication licensing factor (RLF) is an essential initiation factor that is involved in preventing re-replication of chromosomal DNA in a single cell cycle. In Xenopus egg extracts, it can be separated into two components: RLF-M, a complex of MCM/P1 polypeptides, and RLF-B, which is currently unpurified. In this paper we investigate variations in RLF activity throughout the cell cycle. Total RLF activity is low in metaphase, due to a lack of RLF-B activity and the presence of an RLF inhibitor. RLF-B is rapidly activated on exit from metaphase, and then declines during interphase. The RLF inhibitor present in metaphase extracts is dependent on the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). Affinity depletion of Cdks from metaphase extracts removed the RLF inhibitor, while Cdc2/cyclin B directly inhibited RLF activity. In metaphase extracts treated with the protein kinase inhibitor 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP), both cyclin B and the RLF inhibitor were stabilized although the extracts morphologically entered interphase. These results are consistent with studies in other organisms that invoke a key role for Cdks in preventing re-replication of DNA in a single cell cycle.
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Lu, Hang, Jason Catania, Katalin Baranji, Jie Feng, Mili Gu, Janet Lathey, Diane Sweeny, et al. "Characterization of the Native Form of Anthrax Lethal Factor for Use in the Toxin Neutralization Assay." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 20, no. 7 (May 1, 2013): 986–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00046-13.

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ABSTRACTThe cell-based anthrax toxin neutralization assay (TNA) is used to determine functional antibody titers of sera from animals and humans immunized with anthrax vaccines. The anthrax lethal toxin is a critical reagent of the TNA composed of protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF), which are neutralization targets of serum antibodies. Cytotoxic potency of recombinant LF (rLF) lots can vary substantially, causing a challenge in producing a renewable supply of this reagent for validated TNAs. To address this issue, we characterized a more potent rLF variant (rLF-A) with the exact native LF amino acid sequence that lacks the additional N-terminal histidine and methionine residues present on the commonly used form of rLF (rLF-HMA) as a consequence of the expression vector. rLF-A can be used at 4 to 6 ng/ml (in contrast to 40 ng/ml rLF-HMA) with 50 ng/ml recombinant PA (rPA) to achieve 95 to 99% cytotoxicity. In the presence of 50 ng/ml rPA, both rLF-A and rLF-HMA allowed for similar potencies (50% effective dilution) among immune sera in the TNA. rPA, but not rLF, was the dominant factor in determining potency of serum samples containing anti-PA antibodies only or an excess of anti-PA relative to anti-rLF antibodies. Such anti-PA content is reflected in immune sera derived from most anthrax vaccines in development. These results support that 7- to 10-fold less rLF-A can be used in place of rLF-HMA without changing TNA serum dilution curve parameters, thus extending the use of a single rLF lot and a consistent, renewable supply.
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Ramm, G. A., R. S. Britton, R. O'Neill, H. D. Kohn, and B. R. Bacon. "Rat liver ferritin selectively inhibits expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in cultured rat lipocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 270, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): G370—G375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1996.270.2.g370.

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The role of ferritin in lipocyte activation is unknown. This study examined the effect of rat liver ferritin (RLF), human recombinant H-ferritin (HrHF), human recombinant L-ferritin (HrLF), apo-ferritin (apo-RLF), and hemin on lipocyte activation. Lipocytes were cultured on uncoated plastic and were incubated with these agents for 7 days, at concentrations ranging from 10(-14) to 10(-7) M (0.5 to 50 microM for hemin). Collagen/noncollagen protein production and lipocyte proliferation were determined by [3H]proline and [3H]thymidine incorporation, respectively, and the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and desmin was determined by Western blot. RLF, at concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M, decreased alpha-SMA expression by 65-88%. Apo-RLF, HrHF, and HrLF decreased alpha-SMA by 17-45% at 10(-7) and 10(-8) M. Hemin (10 or 50 microM) inhibited alpha-SMA by 37 and 54%, respectively. Desmin expression was not altered by ferritin or hemin. Collagen and noncollagen protein production were not altered by either RLF or apo-RLF. Lipocyte proliferation was decreased by 54, 32, and 40%, by 10(-7) M RLF, HrHF, and HrLF, respectively, whereas apo-RLF had no effect. Thus RLF inhibited lipocyte alpha-SMA expression, which may be due to an effect of sequestered iron, since neither apo-RLF, HrHF, nor HrLF had a potent effect on alpha-SMA expression and all are essentially iron-free. The inhibitory effect of iron-loaded RLF on alpha-SMA expression suggests that tissue ferritin does not initiate lipocyte activation in iron overload, but rather may have a suppressive action on this process.
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Minagawa, Itaru, Masafumi Fukuda, Hisako Ishige, Hiroshi Kohriki, Masatoshi Shibata, Enoch Y. Park, Tatsuo Kawarasaki, and Tetsuya Kohsaka. "Relaxin-like factor (RLF)/insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is secreted from testicular Leydig cells as a monomeric protein comprising three domains B–C–A with full biological activity in boars." Biochemical Journal 441, no. 1 (December 14, 2011): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20111107.

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RLF (relaxin-like factor), also known as INSL3 (insulin-like peptide 3), is a novel member of the relaxin/insulin gene family that is expressed in testicular Leydig cells. Despite the implicated role of RLF/INSL3 in testis development, its native conformation remains unknown. In the present paper we demonstrate for the first time that boar testicular RLF/INSL3 is isolated as a monomeric structure with full biological activity. Using a series of chromatography steps, the native RLF/INSL3 was highly purified as a single peak in reverse-phase HPLC. MS/MS (tandem MS) analysis of the trypsinized sample provided 66% sequence coverage and revealed a distinct monomeric structure consisting of the B-, C- and A-domains deduced previously from the RLF/INSL3 cDNA. Moreover, the N-terminal peptide was four amino acid residues longer than predicted previously. MS analysis of the intact molecule and PMF (peptide mass fingerprinting) analysis at 100% sequence coverage confirmed this structure and indicated the existence of three site-specific disulfide bonds. RLF/INSL3 retained full bioactivity in HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells expressing RXFP2 (relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2), the receptor for RLF/INSL3. Furthermore, RLF/INSL3 was found to be secreted from Leydig cells into testicular venous blood. Collectively, these results indicate that boar RLF/INSL3 is secreted from testicular Leydig cells as a B–C–A monomeric structure with full biological activity.
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Mutha, R. E., D. M. Dhumal, P. H. Patil, A. A. Shirkhedkar, and S. B. Bari. "QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND TABLET FORMULATION BY UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND FIRST ORDER DERIVATIVE USING AREA UNDER CURVE METHOD." INDIAN DRUGS 49, no. 09 (September 28, 2012): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.49.09.p0040.

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Raloxifene hydrochloride (RLF) is a non-steroidal, selective estrogen receptor modulator used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Two simple, rapid and economical 'zero order UV-spectrophotometric (method I)' and first order derivative spectrophotometric (method II) using area under curve (AUC) technique have been developed for estimation of RLF in bulk and tablets. In 0.1N NaOH, RLF showed maximum absorbance at 303.5 nm. In method I, AUC between two wavelengths 275.0 nm & 350.0 nm were selected. In method II, UV-spectrum of RLF was derivatized into first order and two wavelengths 303.0 nm and 385.0 nm were selected for determination of AUC. In both these methods, RLF obeyed linearity in the concentration range of 2-10 mcg/mL (r2>0.99). Proposed methods were applied for tablet formulations and amounts of RLF estimated by method I and method II were found to be 100.08±0.68 and 99.78±0.94, respectively. Both these methods were validated statistically and by recovery experiments.
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Eckley, Claudia A., and Henrique O. Costa. "Estudo da concentração salivar do fator de crescimento epidérmico em indivíduos com laringite crônica por refluxo laringofaríngeo." Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia 69, no. 5 (October 2003): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-72992003000500002.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE), chegando até a faringe e laringe, pode cursar com intensa inflamação local e rica sintomatologia (Refluxo Laringofaríngeo RLF). Os estudos atuais não foram capazes de provar que o ácido refluído é o causador das alterações visualizadas na laringite crônica. O Fator de Crescimento Epidérmico (EGF) é um polipeptídeo produzido pelas glândulas salivares, sendo implicado na indução do crescimento epitelial, na inibição da secreção gástrica e na aceleração da cicatrização. Deficiência salivar deste fator foi encontrada na esofagite de refluxo, mas não há relatos sobre a concentração salivar de EGF em indivíduos com RLF. OBJETIVO: Determinar a concentração salivar do EGF em indivíduos com RLF. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Caso controle. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: A concentração salivar de EGF de 39 indivíduos com RLF e 20 controles normais foi estudada pela técnica de ELISA. O RLF foi diagnosticado por história e exame videolaringoscópico característicos. Os 39 pacientes com RLF foram estratificados de acordo com os achados de endoscopia digestiva (com ou sem esofagite associada) e de acordo com a intensidade da laringite crônica. Foram, também, submetidos a manometria esofágica e pH-metria esofágica de 24 horas com dois canais. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se uma concentração de EGF significativamente menor nos indivíduos com RLF quando comparados aos controles normais (p=0,002). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na concentração salivar de EGF entre os indivíduos com RLF, nem em relação à presença de esofagite, nem quanto à intensidade da laringite. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo sugere que uma deficiência na concentração salivar do Fator de Crescimento Epidérmico pode estar associada à patogenia da DRGE, e que este polipeptídeo poderia ser um co-fator na gênese do RLF.
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Bamberger, Ana-Maria, Richard Ivell, Marga Balvers, Bianca Kelp, Christoph M. Bamberger, Lutz Riethdorf, and Thomas Löning. "Relaxin-Like Factor (RLF)." International Journal of Gynecological Pathology 18, no. 2 (April 1999): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004347-199904000-00011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RLF"

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Nasa, Zeyad, and nasa zeyad@med monash edu au. "Characterization of the Rat Relaxin-like Factor Gene." RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080514.100729.

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Relaxin-like factor (RLF), also known as Leydig insulin-like peptide (Ley-I-L) or Insulin 3 (INSL3), is a newly characterized member of the insulin peptide family. Amino acid sequence homology revealed that RLF is more closely related to relaxin than any other insulin-like hormones. The main aim of this thesis was to sequence the rat RLF (Relaxin-like factor) gene and determine the structure and organisation of the gene. Secondly to compare the structural organisation of the rat RLF/JAK3 genomic region with that of the mouse and human, using bioinformatic databases. Thirdly to further investigate the signalling pathways for the RLF receptor, in particular the NFƒÛB pathway. The homology between rat and mouse in the JAK3/RLF region revealed 84.4 % similarity over 1262 bp of DNA sequence, observing that unlike the mouse, the rat RLF promoter is separated from the JAK3 gene by around 700-1000 bp. Similarly in humans, the RLF gene is located around 4 kb downstre am from JAK3. Also Protein kinase A (PKA) was the only signalling pathway which dispalyed major induction and no inhibitory effects were observed through the NFƒÛB signalling pathway.
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Toyama, Galla Jorge Mauricio. "Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Razones para Vivir para Adolescentes (RLF-A)." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/12203.

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El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Razones Para Vivir Para Adolescentes (RFL-A) en 486 adolescentes, de ambos sexos, estudiantes de un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana, cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 13 y los 17 años. Se aplicó el RFL-A de Osman y colaboradores (1998), además de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS), el Test de Orientación Vital Revisado (LOT-R) y la Escala de Depresión Adolescente de Reynolds (RADS) para examinar la validez convergente y divergente de la escala. Los resultados mostraron una estructura factorial de cinco áreas idéntica al estudio original con un 66.54% de varianza explicada. El análisis de confiabilidad mostró una elevada consistencia interna con coeficientes alfa de Cronbach en un rango de .87 a .92 para las cinco áreas y de .93 para el total de la prueba. Las correlaciones del RFL-A con el SWLS y el área de Optimismo del LOT-R resultaron significativas y positivas, mientras que con el RADS resultaron significativas e inversas. Con ello, se confirma que el RFL-A es un instrumento con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para identificar y evaluar las razones para vivir en adolescentes, y de forma indirecta evaluar la presencia del riesgo suicida.
The present study focuses on the psychometric properties of the Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (RFL-A) in 486 students from a private school in Lima, Peru, whose ages fluctuate between 13 and 17 years old. The instruments used to determine the convergent and divergent validity of the RFL-A of Osman et al. (1998) were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Life Orientation Test-Revisited (LOT-R) and Reynolds’ Adolescent Depression Scale. Results from the factorial analysis reveal a 5-dimensional structure similar to the original study with a 66.54% of explained variation. In addition, the reliability analysis shows a high internal consistency with Cronbach’s coefficients ranging from .87 to .92 for the five areas and .93 for the whole scale. Significant correlations of the RFL-A with SWLS, Optimism from the LOT-R and RADS were found, these correlations were positive for the first two and negative for the last one. Therefore, this study confirms that the RFL-A possesses good psychometric properties, thus it is a viable instrument to identify and assess protective factors against suicide in adolescents, and to indirectly assess the presence of suicide risk.
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Molter, Hendrik [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Niedermeier, Rolf [Gutachter] Niedermeier, Thomas [Gutachter] Erlebach, and Ralf [Gutachter] Klasing. "Classic graph problems made temporal – a parameterized complexity analysis / Hendrik Molter ; Gutachter: Rolf Niedermeier, Thomas Erlebach, Ralf Klasing ; Betreuer: Rolf Niedermeier." Berlin : Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223023125/34.

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Hackstein, Moritz W. F. [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Chini, and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Neuhäuser. "The Bochum Galactic Disk Survey / Moritz W. F. Hackstein. Gutachter: Rolf Chini ; Ralf Neuhäuser." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1089006748/34.

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Sauer, Kristin Verfasser], Ivo [Akademischer Betreuer] FeußNer, Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Ficner, Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] [Daniel, and Thoma [Akademischer Betreuer] Friedl. "Oxylipinstoffwechsel in Physcomitrella patens / Kristin Sauer. Gutachter: Ralf Ficner ; Rolf Daniel ; Thoma Friedl. Betreuer: Ivo Feußner." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1042528756/34.

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WENDT, ROLF [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Recht, and Ralf [Gutachter] Gössinger. "Integrierte Produktions- und Distributionsplanung mit Routingentscheidungen : Modellierungsbaukasten und Lösungsverfahren / Rolf Wendt. Betreuer: Peter Recht. Gutachter: Ralf Gössinger." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112327800/34.

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Wendt, Rolf [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Recht, and Ralf [Gutachter] Gössinger. "Integrierte Produktions- und Distributionsplanung mit Routingentscheidungen : Modellierungsbaukasten und Lösungsverfahren / Rolf Wendt. Betreuer: Peter Recht. Gutachter: Ralf Gössinger." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112327800/34.

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Müller, Elisabeth Verfasser], Ralf C. [Gutachter] Bargou, and Thomas [Gutachter] [Müller. "Pan-Raf-Inhibition als neue therapeutische Strategie im Multiplen Myelom / Elisabeth Müller ; Gutachter: Ralf C. Bargou, Thomas Müller." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/112395769X/34.

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Müller, Elisabeth Verfasser], Ralf C. [Gutachter] [Bargou, and Thomas [Gutachter] Müller. "Pan-Raf-Inhibition als neue therapeutische Strategie im Multiplen Myelom / Elisabeth Müller ; Gutachter: Ralf C. Bargou, Thomas Müller." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/112395769X/34.

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Restrepo, Montoya Daniel. "Computational Identification, Phylogenetic and Synteny Analysis of Receptor-Like Kinases “RLK” and Receptor-Like Proteins “RLP” in Legumes." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29870.

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Legumes are considered the second most important family of crop plants after the grass family based on economic relevance. In recent years, the field of legume genomics has expanded due to advancements in high-throughput sequencing and genotyping technologies. To date, no published comparative genomic analysis explores receptor-like kinases “RLK” and receptor-like proteins “RLP” among legume genomes. Evaluating these RLK and RLP should provide a source of new information because extensive genetic and phenotypic studies have already discovered the diverse roles of RLK and RLP in cell development, disease resistance, and stress responses among other functions. This study demonstrates that a computational logical approach for classifying the RLK/RLP in legumes/non-legumes is statistically well supported and can be used in other plant species. The analysis of RLK/RLP of 7 legumes and 3 non-legume species evaluated suggests that about 2% are RLK and less than 1% of the proteins are RLP. The results suggest a dynamic evolution of RLK and RLP in the legume family. In fact, between 66% to 85% of RLK and 83% to 88% of RLP belong to orthologous clusters among the species evaluated. The remaining RLK and RLP proteins are classified as singletons. The ratio of the pairwise synteny blocks of RLK/RLP among legumes shows a 1:1 relationship. The exception is G. max, which shows an approximately 2:1 ratio due to its recent whole genome duplication (G. max vs. the other six legumes). The other legumes show evidence of a similar proportion of plasma membrane proteins among the legume pairwise synteny blocks.
Fulbright Scholarship
Francisco Jose de Caldas (Colciencias, Colombia) Scholarship
North Dakota State University. Dry Breeding Program
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Books on the topic "RLF"

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Vries, Anke de. Raf. Honesdale, PA: Lemniscaat, 2009.

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Great Britain. Royal Air Force. RAF. Edited by Handy Brian. Uxbridge: RAF, 2000.

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Jónasson, Ragnar. Rof. Reykjavík: Veröld, 2012.

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Liliedahl, Karleric. Ernst Rolf. Stockholm: Arkivet för ljud och bild, 1991.

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Great Britain. Royal Air Force. RAF 2002. London: Central Office of Information, 2002.

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1941-, Szitányi György, and Tamás G. M, eds. RAF: Búcsúszimfónia. Pozsony: Kalligram, 2009.

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Legéndy, Jácint. RAF: Búcsúszimfónia. Pozsony: Kalligram, 2009.

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SAKSENA, Virender. Khandit raf. Delhi: Samayik, 1989.

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Hall, Alan Wilburn. RAF today. London: Bison Books, 1986.

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Great Britain. Royal Air Force. RAF 2000. London: Central Office of Information, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "RLF"

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Kelly, Wendy. "How to Implement the RLF." In Understanding Children in Foster Care, 139–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65376-1_7.

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Kelly, Wendy. "Common Themes in the RLF." In Understanding Children in Foster Care, 171–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65376-1_9.

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Nowak-Far, Artur. "The Rule of Law Framework in the European Union: Its Rationale, Origins, Role and International Ramifications." In Defending Checks and Balances in EU Member States, 305–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62317-6_12.

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AbstractAt present, the European rule of law enforcement framework under Article 7 TEU (RLF) is vulnerable to unguaranteed, discretionary influences of the Member States. This vulnerability arises from its procedural format which requires high thresholds in decision-making with the effect that this procedure is prone to be terminated by the EU Member States likely to be scrutinized under it, if only they collude. Yet, the Framework may prove effective to correct serious breaches against human rights (in the context of ineffective rule of law standards). The European Commission is bound to pursue the RLF effectiveness for the sake of achieving relative uniformity of application of EU law (at large), and making the European Union a credible actor and co-creator of international legal order. The RLF is an important tool for the maintenance of relative stability of human rights and the rule of law in the EU despite natural divergence propensity resulting from the procedural autonomy of the EU Member States. By achieving this stability, the EU achieves significant political weight in international dialogue concerning human rights and the rule of law and preserves a high level of its global credibility in this context. Thus, RLF increases the EU’s effectiveness in promoting the European model of their identification and enforcement.
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Pachnis, V., A. Belayew, and S. M. Tilghman. "Studies into the raf and Rif Genes in the Mouse." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 50–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70740-7_7.

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Martemyanov, Kirill A., Pooja Parameswaran, Irene Aligianis, Mark Handley, Marga Gual-Soler, Tomohiko Taguchi, Jennifer L. Stow, et al. "RAF-1 (C-RAF)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1562–70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_591.

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Varga, Andrea, and Manuela Baccarini. "RAF-1 (C-RAF)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 4415–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_591.

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Gottron, Thomas, and Steffen Staab. "RDF." In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining, 1497–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6170-8_114.

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Posypaiko, V. I., and E. A. Alekseeva. "RbF." In Phase Equilibria in Binary Halides, 377–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9024-4_141.

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Gottron, Thomas, and Steffen Staab. "RDF." In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining, 2036–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7131-2_114.

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Bien, Christian G., Christian E. Elger, Ali R. Afzal, Sirajedin Natah, Ritva Häyrinen-Immonen, Yrjö Konttinen, George S. Zubenko, et al. "RLD." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1864–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6739.

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Conference papers on the topic "RLF"

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Solderitsch, J. J., M. A. Simos, and K. C. Wallnau. "Reusability library framework (RLF)." In the conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/76619.76630.

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Asad Zaidi, Syed Muhammad, Marvin Manalastas, Adnan Abu-Dayya, and Ali Imran. "AI-Assisted RLF Avoidance for Smart EN-DC Activation." In GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322339.

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Homod, Raad Z., Khairul Salleh Mohamed Sahari, Farrukh Nagi, and Haider A. F. Mohamed. "Modeling of heat and moisture transfer in building using RLF method." In 2010 Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scored.2010.5704018.

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Puttonen, Jani, Jussi Turkka, Olli Alanen, and Janne Kurjenniemi. "Coverage optimization for Minimization of Drive Tests in LTE with extended RLF reporting." In 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2010.5671907.

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Na, Ri, Shengmao Lin, Zhigang Shen, and Linxia Gu. "Evaluating Energy Loss through Recessed Lighting Fixtures (RLF) in Residential Buildings through a Case Study." In 2014 International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413616.210.

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de Souza Cordeiro, Ewerton Felipe, Gabriel Ivan Medina Tapia, and Gabriel da Silva Lima. "Análise Comparativa do Cálculo Termo Hidráulico em sistemas RLF através dos Métodos Numéricos de Volumes Finitos e Diferenças Finitas." In X Congresso Nacional de Engenharia Mecânica. ABCM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.conem2018.con18-1250.

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Ciampricotti, Metamia, Triantafyllia Karakousi, Alvaro Quintanal Villalonga, Viola Allaj, Andrea Ventura, Triparna Sen, JT Poirier, Thales Papagiannakopoulos, and Charles M. Rudin. "Abstract 420:Rlf-Mycl1gene fusion as a novel oncogenic driver in a mouse model of small cell lung cancer." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-420.

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Chen, Hao, Yu Gong, and Xia Hong. "Adaptive modelling with tunable RBF network using multi-innovation RLS algorithm assisted by swarm intelligence." In ICASSP 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5946748.

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Khan, Umair Ali, Adnan Ahmed Arain, Ali Raza Bhangwar, and Shahid Iqbal. "RLT." In the 2019 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3365245.3365248.

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Stabno, Michal, and Robert Wrembel. "RLH." In the ACM tenth international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1317331.1317339.

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Reports on the topic "RLF"

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Solderitsch, James J., William Bredbenner, Timothy Schreyer, Ray McDowell, and Keith Cassell. Reusability Library Framework (RLF). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229308.

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Solderitsch, James J., and Ray McDowell. Software Technology for Adaptable, Reliable Systems (STARS). Reusability Library (RLF) AdaTAU Software User's Manual. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229221.

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González-Montaña, Luis Antonio. Semantic-based methods for morphological descriptions: An applied example for Neotropical species of genus Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 (Collembola: Entomobryidae). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/biosystecol.1.e71620.

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The production of semantic annotations has gained renewed attention due to the development of anatomical ontologies and the documentation of morphological data. Two methods are proposed in this production, differing in their methodological and philosophical approaches: class-based method and instance-based method. The first, the semantic annotations are established as class expressions, while in the second, the annotations incorporate individuals. An empirical evaluation of the above methods was applied in the morphological description of Neotropical species of the genus Lepidocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Lepidocyrtinae). The semantic annotations are expressed as RDF triple, which is a language most flexible than the Entity-Quality syntax used commonly in the description of phenotypes. The morphological descriptions were built in Protégé 5.4.0 and stored in an RDF store created with Fuseki Jena. The semantic annotations based on RDF triple increase the interoperability and integration of data from diverse sources, e.g., museum data. However, computational challenges are present, which are related with the development of semi-automatic methods for the generation of RDF triple, interchanging between texts and RDF triple, and the access by non-expert users.
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Hersey, Anne. ChEMBL-RDF/20.0. EMBL-EBI, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.20.0.

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Cottingham J. G. R.F. bucket area. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1150412.

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Hersey, Anne. CHEMBL RDF release 16.0. EMBL-EBI, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.16.0.

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Hersey, Anne. CHEMBL RDF release 17.0. EMBL-EBI, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.17.0.

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Hersey, Anne. CHEMBL RDF release 18.0. EMBL-EBI, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.18.0.

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Hersey, Anne. CHEMBL RDF release 19.0. EMBL-EBI, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.19.0.

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Hersey, Anne. CHEMBL RDF release 21.0. EMBL-EBI, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.6019/chembl.rdf.21.0.

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