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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

PERKINS, PHILIP D. "New species (130) of the hyperdiverse aquatic beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann from Papua New Guinea, and a preliminary analysis of areas of endemism (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)." Zootaxa 2944, no. 1 (June 8, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2944.1.1.

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The Papua New Guinea (PNG) species of the water beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann, 1794, are revised, based on the study of 7,411 databased specimens. The two previously named species are redescribed, and 130 new species are described. The species are placed in 32 species groups. High resolution digital images of all primary types are presented (online version in color), scanning electron micrographs of representative species are given, and geographic distributions are mapped. Male genitalia, representative female terminal abdominal segments and representative spermathecae are illustrated. Papua New Guinea Hydraena species are typically found in sandy/gravelly stream margins, often in association with streamside litter; some species are primarily pond or swamp dwelling, and a few species are usually found in the hygropetric splash zone on stream boulders or on rocks at the margins of waterfalls. The geographic distributions of PNG Hydraena are compared with the Areas of Freshwater Endemism recently proposed by Polhemus and Allen (2007), and found to substantially support those areas. Only one species, H. impercepta Zwick, 1977 is known to be found in both Australia and Papua New Guinea. The probable Australian origins of the PNG hydraenid genera Gymnochthebius and Limnebius are discussed. The origins of just a few species of PNG Hydraena appear to clearly be Australia, and of comparatively recent origin, whereas the origins of the remainder remain problematic because of lack of knowledge of the Hydraena fauna in Papua Province, Indonesia, and islands large and small to the west of New Guinea. No endemic genera of Hydraenidae are currently known for New Guinea, whereas 98% of the known species are endemic. New species of Hydraena are: H. acumena (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River), H. adelbertensis (Madang Province: Adelbert Mts., below Keki), H. akameku (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. altapapua (Southern Highlands Province: Sopulkul, 30–35 km NE Mendi), H. ambra (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. ambripes (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. ambroides (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. apertista (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Lower Naho Valley, Hinggia), H. apexa (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. aquila (Madang Province: Simbai area), H. aulaarta (Western Highlands Province: Kundum), H. austrobesa (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. bacchusi (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. balkei (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. bicarinova (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. bifunda (Morobe Province: c. 7 mi. Lae–Bulolo road), H. biundulata (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. brahman (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 4.5 km N Brahman), H. bubulla (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. buloba (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. buquintana (Western Highlands Province: Mt. Hagen town area), H. carinocisiva (Eastern Highlands Province: Aiyura), H. carmellita (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. cavifrons (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 4.5 km N Brahman), H. cheesmanae (Central Province: Kokoda), H. clarinis (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. colorata (Morobe Province: 5 miles W of Lae, Buins Creek), H. confluenta (Eastern Highlands Province: Umg. [=environs of] Kainantu, Onerunka), H. copulata (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. cunicula (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. decepta (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. diadema (Eastern Highlands Province: Purosa Valley, nr. Okapa), H. dudgeoni (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. einsteini (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. essentia (Eastern Highlands Province: Sepik River Basin, stream beside milestone labelled G-99), H. exhalista (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. fasciata (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. fascinata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, nr. Moro), H. fasciolata (Madang Province: Madang, Ohu Village), H. fasciopaca (Madang Province: Keki, Adelbert Mts.), H. fenestella (Morobe Province: Lae-Bulolo road), H. foliobba (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. formosopala (East Sepik Province: Prince Alexander Mts., Wewak), H. funda (Central Province: Moitaka, 7 miles N of Port Moresby), H. fundacta (Madang Province: Adelbert Mts., Sewan–Keki), H. fundapta (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. fundarca (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. fundextra (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Gusap), H. galea (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range, 700 m), H. herzogestella (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Bundun), H. hornabrooki (East Sepik Province: Sepik, main river), H. huonica (Madang Province: Kewensa, Finisterre Range, Yupna, Huon Peninsula), H. ibalimi (Sandaun Province: Mianmin), H. idema (Eastern Highlands Province: Umg. [=environs of] Onerunka, Ramu River), H. impala (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. incisiva (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. incista (Western Highlands Province: Simbai, Kairong River), H. infoveola (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. inhalista (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. inplacopaca (Eastern Highlands Province: Waisa, nr. Okapa), H. insandalia (Eastern Highlands Province: Headwaters of Fio River, 0.5 km downstream of river crossing on Herowana/Oke Lookout path, ca. 4.5 km N of Herowana airstrip), H. intensa (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. johncoltranei (National Capital District, Varirata NP), H. jubilata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. koje (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. koma (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River, 100 m downstream of rattan bridge crossing, ca. 3.8 km S by E of Herowana airstrip), H. labropaca (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. lassulipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. limbobesa (Gulf Province: Marawaka, near Ande), H. maculopala (Madang Province: Madang, Ohu Village), H. manulea (Morobe Province: Lae, Buins Creek), H. manuloides (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. marawaka (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. mercuriala (Sandaun Province: May River), H. mianminica (Sandaun Province:May River), H. nanocolorata (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. nanopala (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. nitidimenta (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River, at rattan bridge crossing, ca. 2.6 km N by W of Herowana airstrip), H. okapa (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. ollopa (Western Highlands Province: Kundum), H. otiarca (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau, Snake River), H. owenobesa (Morobe Province: ca. 10 km S Garaina Saureri), H. pacificica (Morobe Province: Huon Pen., Kwapsanek), H. pala (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Gurakor Creek), H. palamita (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. paxillipes (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Patep Creek), H. pectenata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. pegopyga (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 3 km N Brahman), H. penultimata (Sandaun Province: May River), H. perpunctata (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. pertransversa (Eastern Highlands Province: Clear stream, summit of Kassem Pass at forest level), H. phainops (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Patep Creek), H. photogenica (Eastern Highlands Province: Goroka, Mt. Gahavisuka), H. picula (Eastern Highlands Province: Goroka, Daulo Pass), H. pilulambra (Eastern Highlands Province: Clear stream, summit of Kassem Pass at forest level), H. pluralticola (Morobe Province: c. 7 miles Lae–Bulolo road), H. processa (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. quadriplumipes (Madang Province: Aiome area), H. quintana (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Lae–Kainantu road, Erap R), H. ramuensis (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 6 km N Brahman), H. ramuquintana (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 6 km N Brahman), H. receptiva (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. remulipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. reticulobesa (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Moro), H. sagatai (Sandaun Province: Abau River), H. saluta (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. sepikramuensis (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, Sare River, 4 km N Brahman), H. sexarcuata (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. sexsuprema (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. spinobesa (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. striolata (Oro Province: Northern District, Tanbugal Afore village), H. supersexa (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. supina (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. tarsotricha (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau, Snake River), H. tetana (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. thola (Central Province: Port Moresby– Brown River road), H. tholasoris (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Gusap, c. 90 miles NW of Lae), H. thumbelina (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. thumbelipes (Sandaun Province: Mianmin), H. tibiopaca (Morobe Province: ridge between Aseki–Menyamya), H. torosopala (Madang Province: Keki, Adelbert Mts.), H. torricellica (Morobe Province: Torricelli Mts., village below Sibilanga Stn.), H. transvallis (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. trichotarsa (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. tricosipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. tritropis (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. tritutela (Morobe Province: ca. 10 km S Garaina Saureri), H. ulna (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. variopaca (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. velvetina (Eastern Highlands Province: Purosa Valley, nr. Okapa).
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2

RICHARDS, STEPHEN J., and PAUL M. OLIVER. "Two new species of large green canopy-dwelling frogs (Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) from Papua New Guinea." Zootaxa 1295, no. 1 (August 14, 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1295.1.3.

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Litoria graminea is a large green canopy-dwelling frog originally described from a single specimen from an unknown locality in Papua New Guinea. We demonstrate that this species as currently recognised contains at least three distinct taxa. We restrict the name L. graminea to a population of animals occurring south of New Guinea’s main cordillera and describe two new species of large green arboreal frogs, one from the Kikori River Basin (Southern Highlands and Gulf Province) and one from the Huon Peninsula (Morobe Province). The two new species can be distinguished from each other by differences in iris and sclera colouration, and both can be distinguished from L. graminea by their narrower heads, different iris colouration and by their small round (vs elongate) nuptial pads.
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3

Worth, D. Holds, and H. Sakulas. "Medicinal Plants of the Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea Part IV The Snake River Valley." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 25, no. 4 (January 1987): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880208709055193.

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4

Gunn, M. J. "A headrest from the Adzera, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 2, no. 1 (1985): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.262831.

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5

Ploeg, Anton. "Cultural politics among the Siassi, Morobe province, Papua New Guinea." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 149, no. 4 (1993): 768–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003112.

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6

Holdsworth, David, and Kipiro Damas. "Medicinal Plants of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea Part III: The Finschhafen Coast." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 24, no. 4 (January 1986): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880208609060900.

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7

Specht, Jim, Ian Lilley, and William R. Dickinson. "Type X Pottery, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea: Petrography and Possible Micronesian Relationships." Asian Perspectives 45, no. 1 (2006): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asi.2006.0015.

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8

Holdsworth, David. "Medicinal Plants of the Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea: Part V. The Upper Watut." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 25, no. 4 (January 1987): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880208709055198.

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9

Halvaksz, Jamon. "Photographing Spirits: Biangai Photography, Ancestors, and the Environment in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Visual Anthropology 21, no. 4 (July 18, 2008): 310–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08949460802156342.

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10

Rogers, Howard M. "Litterfall, decomposition and nutrient release in a lowland tropical rain forest, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 3 (March 26, 2002): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002304.

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The analysis of litter quantity, litter decomposition and its pattern of nutrient release is important for understanding nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Plant growth and maintenance are partly met through nutrient cycling (O'Connell & Sankaran 1997) which is dominated by litter production and decomposition. Litter fall is a major process for transferring nutrients from above-ground vegetation to soils (Vitousek & Sanford 1986), while decomposition of litter releases nutrients (Maclean & Wein 1978). The rate at which nutrients are recycled influences the net primary productivity of a forest. Knowledge of these processes from tropical rain forests is relatively poor (O'Connell & Sankaran 1997), and in particular there are no known published studies on nutrient cycling from lowland tropical forests in Papua New Guinea. The few studies from Papua New Guinea are confined to the mid-montane forest zone (Edwards 1977, Edwards & Grubb 1982, Enright 1979, Lawong et al. 1993).
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11

Subramanyam, Revanuru. "Solid Waste Management in Lae City, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 47, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2021.371.

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Lae city is the capital of the Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea. It is the main land transport corridor, the country's main industrial hub and largest cargo port. As a result of the urbanization and industrialization process, more people had migrated to Lae city for better opportunities. These activities contributed to the generation of a considerable amount of solid waste that has become a real concern. The present research aims to understand the existing practices of Solid Waste Management, to estimate per capita waste generation rate and composition of waste, to identify the issues and challenges faced in this regard and suggest methods for improvement. All wastes from the city are discarded at the Second Seventh Landfill (SSL) open dump site, located about 10 to 12 kilometers drive away from the city, causing enormous pollution to the surrounding environment. The per capita waste generation rate witnessed was 0.312 kg per capita per day with a composition of 66% organic waste, 22% recyclable, and 12% non-recyclable materials. It was found that ineffective legislation, lack of law enforcement were the challenges faced by the Lae city council. Rehabilitation of SSL or the construction of a new sanitary land fill should be recommended for effective management.
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12

Ha, Nguyen Thu. "Ecological Study Along the Highlands Highway in Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science 8, no. 10 (2022): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.810.2.

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This ecological survey carried out along the Highlands Highway (71 locations-bridges) between Erap Bridge in Morobe Province to Whagi Bridge, Western Highlands Province. Data and information collection involved physical site observations and informant interviews. The survey used the capture-release method for insects, invertebrates, fish, and plankton; flyover counts were used for birds and informant interviews for mammals and other animals of interest. Terrestrial ecosystem: Common fauna included invertebrates such as Eurema hecabe, Danaus plexippus, Plutella xylostella, and other types of butterflies, Anisoptera, Apis cerena, and black ants (Fomicidae). Vertebrates such as sparrows (Passeridae), willy wagtail (Rhipidura leucophrys), eagle (Hieraaetus weiskei), kingfisher (Alcedinidae), mountain cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae), tree kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi) and Princess Stephanie’s Astrapia (Astrapia. Stephaniae). Flora across the highlands province commonly appeared bamboo, casuarina oligodon (she-oak), Ficus dammaropsis, coffee, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), cow grass (Axonopus compressus), rain tree (Samanea saman), Piper adancum and banana. In contrast, common and significant flora along plain region included casuarina, pine, leucaena, bamboo, and other anthropogenic grasses, Piper adancum, sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Northofagus grandis, and Ficus. Aquatic ecosystem: Aquatic fauna along the highlands region included carp (Cyprinidae), tilapia (Oreochromis mossambica), juvenile fish, freshwater prawns (Palaemonidae), trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and catfish (Arius spp) while aquatic fauna of coastal province comprised of invertebrates like pond skaters, water beetle and tadpoles and invertebrates such as rainbow trout and tilapia. Aquatic flora was limited to green algae at a few locations in the highlands provinces where the water was stagnant or had human impacts, but it was primarily green and brown algae in the plain area. We also found Dendrolagus goodfellowii as an endangered species, while Phalanger carmelitae, Astrapia stephaniae, and Northofagus grandis are endemic but classified as the least concern. The findings indicated modification of habitats throughout the Highlands Highway. The absence of native and endemic species was also noted in most of the locations. Only six sites revealed some primary and secondary forests and vegetation.
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13

Dawson, Jeff, Craig Turner, Oscar Pileng, Andrew Farmer, Cara McGary, Chris Walsh, Alexia Tamblyn, and Cossey Yosi. "The bats (Mammalia:Chiroptera) of the lower Waria Valley, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea: a survey and comparison across habitat types using mist nets." Australian Mammalogy 34, no. 2 (2012): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am11030.

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From June 2007 to February 2009 the Waria Valley Community Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods Project completed a mist net survey of bats in the lower Waria Valley, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The Waria Valley is located on the north coast of the Morobe Province ~190 km south-east of Lae, and still has large tracts of intact lowland hill and plain rainforest. Four broad habitats (agricultural, secondary forest edge, primary forest edge and primary forest) were surveyed using mist nets. A total of 596 individuals representing 11 species were caught, measured and identified over 8824 net-m h–1 across 99 nights. Within the limitations of this method, primary forest edge sites in general showed the highest degree of species richness and diversity and along with secondary forest edge sites were more even in species composition. Primary forest and agricultural sites were each dominated by a single species, Syconycteris australis and Macroglossus minimus respectively. Most captures were megachiropterans and microchiropterans were underrepresented, presumably in part because of the survey method employed.
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14

Karel, Harumi Sasaki. "Knowledge and Use of Maternal and Child Health Services by Mothers in Papua New Guinea." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 7, no. 3 (July 1994): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053959400700308.

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A survey was conducted in the coastal area of Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea between March to April 1992 in order to obtain and examine the current health knowledge and practices of mothers with children under two years of age. The purpose of the survey was to gather data for the detailed planning and implementation of a Child Survival Intervention Project funded by USAID. A total of 30 villages in the area were selected utilizing the WHO 30-cluster sampling technique. The results indicated that breastfeeding was a very common practice. However, because nutritional intake was not increased during pregnancy and lactation for many of the women, it is likely that their nutritional intake was insufficient. Although many mothers knew the importance of immunization, they were unclear about the importance of completing immunization series. The utilization of contraceptive methods was very low among women who did not want to have another child within the subsequent two years. The most common methods were injections and pills. The dissemination of health education to isolated rural villages is one of the most important interventions in reducing maternal and infant mortality. As there currently is no health education unit at the Morobe Provincial Department of Health. It is crucial to establish the unit and to emphasize the importance of health education as the tool for disease prevention and health promotion. Asia Pac J Public Health1994;7(3):191-3.
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15

Rinne, Marc L., David R. Cooke, Anthony C. Harris, David J. Finn, Charlotte M. Allen, Matthew T. Heizler, and Robert A. Creaser. "Geology and Geochronology of the Golpu Porphyry and Wafi Epithermal Deposit, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Economic Geology 113, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2018.4551.

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16

Singas, Susan, and Peter Manus. "Factors Influencing Adoption of Pond Fish Farming Innovations in Potsy of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 2, no. 6 (August 2014): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujar.2014.020602.

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17

Rena, Ravinder. "Challenges for Quality Primary Education in Papua New Guinea—A Case Study." Education Research International 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/485634.

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There is an urgent need to reform the educational system to achieve universal primary education in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Even after 35 years of independence, PNG has been struggling to educate an estimated 2 million elementary- and primary-aged children and faces numerous challenges in providing Education for All (EFA). This study was conducted in four primary schools of Buma Yong area of Lae district of Morobe Province, PNG. The study revealed that the quality of education has been deteriorated over the past few decades. Many schools in PNG do not have classrooms, teachers, and basic facilities. As a result, the children are losing interest in going to school. The children dropped out of school so as to assist their families in the household and agricultural activities. It also reveals that the dropout rate of girls is more than that of the boys due to the gender disparity in the country. The study recommended that budgetary allocations should be increased so as to improve the infrastructural facilities and encourage the children to attend primary school and thus achieve the Millennium Development Goal/Education For All in PNG.
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18

Karki, Bindu, Guenter Kittel, Ignatius Bolokon, and Trevor Duke. "Active Community-Based Case Finding for Tuberculosis With Limited Resources." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 29, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539516683497.

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Papua New Guinea is one of the 14 highest-burden countries for tuberculosis (TB) infection, but few community-based studies exist. We evaluated a low-cost method of active community case finding in Kabwum and Wasu in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Over 3 months we visited 26 villages and screened adults and children for symptoms and signs of TB. Sputum samples were examined using smear microscopy. A total of 1700 people had chronic symptoms, of which 267 were suspicious for TB on further examination. Sputum from 230 symptomatic adults yielded 97 samples that were positive for acid-fast bacilli. In addition, 15 cases of extrapulmonary TB in adults and 17 cases of TB in children were identified. One hundred and thirty people were identified with active TB disease among the source population of approximately 17 000, giving an estimated prevalence of 765 per 100 000. One hundred and six (82%) cases were not previously diagnosed. The cost per case identified was US$146. It is feasible to conduct active community-based case finding and treatment initiation for TB with limited resources and in remote areas, and in Papua New Guinea the yield was high. Active case finding and follow-up of treatment in villages is needed to address the hidden burden of TB in Papua New Guinea and other high-burden Asia Pacific countries.
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19

Dawson, Jeff, Craig Turner, Oscar Pileng, Andrew Farmer, Cara McGary, Chris Walsh, Alexia Tamblyn, and Cossey Yosi. "Bird Communities of the Lower Waria Valley, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea: A Comparison between Habitat Types." Tropical Conservation Science 4, no. 3 (September 2011): 317–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194008291100400309.

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20

Waki, J., T. Okpul, and M. K. Komolong. "Assessing the extent of diversity among noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) genotypes of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 26, no. 1 (2008): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp08002.

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21

Ningal, Tine, A. E. Hartemink, and A. K. Bregt. "Land use change and population growth in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea between 1975 and 2000." Journal of Environmental Management 87, no. 1 (April 2008): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.01.006.

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22

Kraus, Fred, Hinrich Kaiser, and Mark O’Shea. "Hidden diversity in semi-fossorial Melanesian forest snakes: A revision of the Toxicocalamus loriae complex (Squamata, Elapidae) from New Guinea." Vertebrate Zoology 72 (November 10, 2022): 997–1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e89647.

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With its conservative set of scalation characters, Toxicocalamus loriae is a morphologically confusing species to which a wide array of phenotypes has been assigned. Careful analysis of 224 museum specimens reveals that multiple distinct species remain hidden under the name T. loriae and that diagnostic, species-level differences are more nuanced in this group of snakes than among other members of the genus. Our taxonomic reassessment leads us to resurrect the species T. lamingtonicomb. nov., T. loennbergiicomb. nov., and T. nymanicomb. nov. from synonymy with T. loriae, retain only T. pratti as a synonym, and describe three new species. As a consequence, T. loriae is no longer recognized as ranging throughout the entire island of New Guinea but is instead restricted to the southern versant of the Papuan Peninsula, and T. lamingtoni and T. spilorhynchussp. nov. are species restricted to that same peninsula’s northern versant. Toxicocalamus loennbergii is known only from the type series taken on the Onin Peninsula in West Papua, Indonesia, Toxicocalamus atratussp. nov. is a high-elevation (800–2200 m) Central Highlands endemic, and T. vertebralissp. nov. ranges from the Central Highlands of Papua New Guinea eastward into the Wau area of Morobe Province. Toxicocalamus nymani inhabits a geologically more heterogenous region, occurring from the Central Highlands eastward to the Huon Peninsula, including Karkar Island, and adjacent areas of Madang Province as well as the northernmost reaches of the Papuan Peninsula. We expect that denser geographic sampling across New Guinea and focussed specimen collection of a few known populations will result in the recognition of additional species in this complex.
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Sekac, Tingneyuc, Sujoy Kumar Jana, Indrajit Pal, and Dilip Kumar Pal. "GIS Based Evaluation in Earthquake Hazard Micro-Zonation - A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 8 (2016): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.3.8.2.

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24

Mcphee, EC. "Ecology and Diet of Some Rodents From the Lower Montane Region of Papua-New-Guinea." Wildlife Research 15, no. 1 (1988): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880091.

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Information relating to the habitat, reproduction and diet is given for five murine rodents from the vicinity of Wau, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Rattus steini was found to be present in all four habitats investigated (kunai, gardens, coffee plantations, forest), whereas R. exulans was absent from the forest; Melomys rufescens, M. lorentzi and Pogonomys macrourus were only trapped in the forest, and in low numbers. Although climatically similar to other montane regions in Papua New Guinea, the Wau area appeared to have an earlier start to the peak breeding season than elsewhere, and litter sizes seemed to be higher. The diet of Melomys species and P. macrourus appeared to be largely frugivorous (>90%), whereas Rattus species consumed a wide range of food items. While there was considerable overlap between the diets of Ratlus species, R. steini consumed more leafy material and insects, and less fruit, woody and vegetable material than R. exulans. Habitat modification by human activity in the Wau area has radically affected the diversity and relative abundance of rodent species, although it was difficult to discern any strong relationship between diet and habitat. While specific and generic identification of particular food items was not possible, an index of invertebrate diversity in the diet of rodents is suggested as a means of assessing changes in food availability, and therefore habitat change.
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HENNEMANN, FRANK H., and OSKAR V. CONLE. "Papuacocelus papuanus n. gen., n. sp. - a new Eurycanthinae from Papua New Guinea, with notes on the genus Dryococelus Gurney, 1947 and description of the egg (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Eurycanthinae)." Zootaxa 1375, no. 1 (December 7, 2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1375.1.2.

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The new genus Papuacocelus n. gen. (Type-species: Papuacocelus papuanus n. sp.) is described from Papua New Guinea (Morobe Province) and is related to Dryococelus Gurney, 1947, Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 and Eurycantha Boisduval, 1835. The type-species Papuacocelus papuanus n. sp. is described and illustrated from both sexes. The male holotype is deposited in BMNH, the female paratype in the first author’s collection (FH). The monotypic genus Dryococelus Gurney, 1947 (Type-species: Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) is briefly discussed and the eggs are described and illustrated for the first time. Keys and a table are presented to distinguish Dryococelus Gurney, 1947, Papuacocelus n. gen., Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 and Eurycantha Boisduval, 1835. The beak-like ovipositor possessed by most females of Eurycanthinae is found to be formed by elongation of the anal segment and subgenital plate, and not as stated by former authors, by the subgenital plate and an elongated supraanal plate. A brief survey is provided of the beak-like ovipositors in Phasmatodea.
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26

Lilley, Ian. "Archaeological Studies of the Middle and Late Holocene, Papua New Guinea. Part VI. Revised dating of Type X pottery, Morobe Province." Technical Reports of the Australian Museum, online 20 (December 12, 2007): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.1835-4211.20.2007.1478.

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27

Manus, Peter, and Jeromy Kavi. "Socioeconomic Factors Influencing the Marketing Margins of Smallholder Taro Farmers in the Selected Market Centers of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." International Research Journal of Marketing 2, no. 3 (2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12966/irjm.08.02.2014.

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28

Tomkins, Aaron, and Andrew Spyrou. "Refraction Microtremor method for delineation of layers and lenses, and assessing liquefaction potential within an alluvial setting - Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2018, no. 1 (December 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2018abm2_3h.

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29

Cumming, Royce T., Stephane Le Tirant, Sierra N. Teemsma, Frank H. Hennemann, Luc Willemse, and Thies H. Büscher. "Lost lovers linked at long last: elusive female Nanophyllium mystery solved after a century of being placed in a different genus (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)." ZooKeys 969 (September 17, 2020): 43–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.56214.

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After successful laboratory rearing of both males and females from a single clutch of eggs, the genus Nanophyllium Redtenbacher, 1906 (described only from males) and the frondosum species group within Phyllium (Pulchriphyllium) Griffini, 1898 (described only from females) are found to be the opposite sexes of the same genus. This rearing observation finally elucidates the relationship of these two small body sized leaf insect groups which, for more than a century, have never been linked before. This paper synonymizes the frondosum species group with Nanophyllium Redtenbacher, 1906 in order to create a singular and clearly defined taxonomic group. Five species are transferred from the Phyllium (Pulchriphyllium) frondosum species group and create the following new combinations: Nanophyllium asekiense (Größer, 2002), comb. nov.; Nanophyllium chitoniscoides (Größer, 1992), comb. nov.; Nanophyllium frondosum (Redtenbacher, 1906), comb. nov.; Nanophyllium keyicum (Karny, 1914), comb. nov.; Nanophyllium suzukii (Größer, 2008), comb. nov. The only taxon from this species group not transferred from the frondosum species group to Nanophyllium is Phyllium (Pulchriphyllium) groesseri Zompro, 1998. Based on protibial exterior lobes, this species belongs in the schultzei species group as described in Hennemann et al. 2009 and is therefore excluded from further discussion here. The rearing of Nanophyllium also yielded the male Nanophyllium asekiense (Größer, 2002), comb. nov. thus, enabling comparison of this male to the other previously known Nanophyllium species. Two new species of nano-leaf insects are described within, Nanophyllium miyashitaisp. nov., from Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea, and Nanophyllium daphnesp. nov., from Biak Island, Papua Province, Indonesia. With such distinct sexual dimorphism in Nanophyllium between sexes, which have only now been matched up via captive rearing, illustrated within are numerous specimens which might represent the unknown opposite sexes of the many currently known species of Nanophyllium. Due to pronounced sexual dimorphism in Nanophyllium, only future captive rearing or molecular analysis will match up the many unknown sexes. To conclude, with the description of two new Nanophyllium species, dichotomous keys to species for known males and females are presented.
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neyuc Sekac, Ting. "A GIS Based Approach into Delineating Liquefaction Susceptible Zones Through Assessment of Site-Soil-Geology-A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea (PNG)." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 5 (May 15, 2016): 6616–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2016.0501003.

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31

Sujoy Kumar Jana, Tingneyuc Sekac,. "A GIS Based Approach into Delineating Liquefaction Susceptible Zones Through Assessment of Site-Soil-Geology-A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea (PNG)." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 5 (May 15, 2016): 6616–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2016.0505003.

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32

Paris, Hannah. "Sociolinguistic effects of church languages in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2012, no. 214 (January 22, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2012-0020.

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33

Lilley, Ian. "Archaeological investigation in the Vitiaz Strait region, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 7 (January 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.7152/bippa.v7i0.11254.

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34

Yefremova, Zoya A., and Yael Lubin. "Tachinobia repanda (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) From Egg Sacs of a Colonial Spider, Cyrtophora moluccensis (Araneae: Araneidae) in Papua New Guinea." Journal of Insect Science 20, no. 5 (September 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieaa104.

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Abstract We report the discovery of the wasp Tachinobia repanda Bouček collected from egg sacs of the colonial spider Cyrtophora moluccensis (Doleschall) in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG) by Lubin, Y.D. in 1980. This is the first record of T. repanda from egg sacs of a colonial spider. The likely host of this eulophid wasp was the larvae of a sarcophagid fly that parasitizes the egg sacs of these spiders. The 67 T. repanda collected were all females and varied little in body size. We suggest that this species is a gregarious hyperparasitoid.
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35

Sekac, T., S. K. Jana, M. Sutherland, and S. Samanta. "Spatio -Temporal Assessments of Rainfall Variability and Trends in the Highlands to Coastal Regions of Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Geoinformatics, June 1, 2021, 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52939/ijg.v17i3.1893.

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The present study assesses spatio-temporal rainfall variability of the most highlands to the coastal zones, comprising of eight provinces, of PNG. The variability investigation was carried out over for a period of 50 years starting from the year 1968 to 2018. After testing and checking for serial autocorrelation in the data series, Mann-Kendal non-parametric statistical evaluation was carried out to investigate rainfall trends and variability. Sen’s method was also used to investigate the magnitude of change in millimeters (mm) per year. Furthermore, the ArcGIS spatial analysis tools were used for the calculation of mean rainfall and to carry out spatial investigation. The assessments were carried out on an annual and seasonal basis within each designated study zone. CRU TS 4.03 gridded rainfall data on a 0.50 x 0.50 spatial resolution was used as an input data for trend as well as variability investigation. The CRU gridded station wise analysis was carried out to understand the variability at each specific location. From the assessments, it was found out that a higher rainfall is observed in the Eastern parts of Morobe, Southern Highlands region and central to northern part of Madang Province, while a low rainfall was observed in Goroka, the Western part of Morobe, Simbu, Western Highlands, Jiwaka and Enga province. From the trend investigation, it was observed that more grid stations show an increasing trend than a decreasing trend. On annual assessments, the significant decreasing trend is observed in the Enga and SH province, while significantly increasing trend is observed in the whole parts of Madang, and to the northern part of EH and Simbu Province. From overall assessments, it was found out that, there has been an increasing trend since 1968 up to the present.
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Dimiri, Dixon, Nelson Mek, Mary Therese Apini, Thelma Ali, Grace Turi Pumuye, Varage John Laka, Rosemary Jogo, et al. "Estimating staffing requirements using workload indicators of staffing need at Braun District Hospital in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Human Resources for Health 19, S1 (January 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00677-x.

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Abstract Background Papua New Guinea has seen some improvements in health indicators over the past years, but the pace of improvements is not as robust as expected. The Health Services Plan for Braun District Hospital redevelopment identified the importance of reflecting the hospital’s role in the broader health system, particularly in upgrading the services to service a bigger population. In August 2020, the hospital was upgraded from a health centre—level 3 to a district hospital level 4. The need for assessing human resources for health requirements for this level of care was thus necessary. Methods The National Department of Health approved the use of the workload indicators of staffing need as the best tool to support in estimating staff requirements for the newly upgraded hospital. The focus was on clinical and non-clinical staff. Using already developed workload components and activity standards by the expert working groups for level 4 facilities, we visited the facility and collected data through interviews with the Lutheran Health Services representative, hospital management and staff. The technical task force reviewed daily registers, monthly reports and the data in the electronic national health information systems. The information collected was analysed using the workload indicators of staffing need software and interpreted. Results There were staffing shortages among the clinical staff like the medical officers, nursing officers, health extension officers, pharmacists, radiology staff unit and in the laboratory staff. Shortages among the non-clinical staff were recorded by the cashiers, security officers, drivers and boat skippers. The results showed that the facility lacks a medical laboratory technologist, pharmacists and a medical imaging technologist. The community health workers in this facility are utilized in all the areas where shortages are registered to multitask. Conclusion The results from this WISN study provide evidence for basing staffing decisions on. The WISN results from Braun District Hospital show that the facility requires a total of 33 inpatient nurses against the existing 21 inpatient nurses thus giving a staff gap of − 12 and a WISN ratio of 0.67. It is thus recommended that the hospital management prioritizes recruitment of nurses or if no resources, reassign one of the outpatient nurses to alleviate the pressure among the inpatient nurses or the extra theatre nurses to offer some services in the inpatient wards. WISN results can help managers make decisions such as change of health facility status from a health centre to a district hospital.
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Paliau, Jason, Alfred Mani, Lui Napa, Cassey Uvau, Steven Sau, Robert Kiapranis, Paul Dargusch, Fabio Attorre, and Vojtěch Novotný. "Geometrid Moth Species Richness, Distribution and Community Composition in Different Forest Types of Papua New Guinea." Case Studies in the Environment 6, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2022.1474225.

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As the major group of herbivorous insects, moths are highly significant in natural ecosystems. In collaboration with the Papua New Guinea (PNG) multipurpose National Forest Inventory (NFI) survey, this study investigates the species richness, distribution and community composition of Geometrid moths (Lepidoptera) in PNG’s tropical forests and analyses environmental drivers of the geometrid community structure. By providing a baseline assessment of an important order of insects that can serve as an indicator for broader biodiversity, this study informs how biodiversity assessments can be better integrated into the planning of forest conservation initiatives, particularly those related to REDD+ and forest carbon offset developments. The research was conducted over 3 years at 38 NFI clusters throughout six provinces: Eastern Highlands, Western Highlands, Morobe, Madang and West New Britain and Central Province. Moths were collected from dusk to before midnight (18:00 h to 22:00 h) using a manual light trapping method for four nights per site, with a total of 152 light trap samples. Results included a total of 11,830 specimens from 1,108 morphological species from lowland and montane forests in disturbed (degraded and/or logged) and primary forests. Elevation and forest disturbance are the main variables that influence the distribution of species. Species richness was low in montane undisturbed forests compared with lowland (disturbed and primary) forests and montane disturbed forests. Species similarity between light trap samples tends to decrease as elevation increases. Geometrid moth species were arranged into two main orders of community composition according to the forest types: montane (disturbed and/or primary) forests species and lowland (disturbed and/or primary forest) species as per the samples.
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38

D., KOLKOMA, PEREIRA F. B., JOJO P. J., and MICHAEL K. "ASSESSMENT OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS IN THE RAMUNICKEL AND YANDERA MINING SITES OF PAPUA NEW GUINEARELATED TO RADIATION POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT." Pollution Research, June 30, 2022, 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i02.008.

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Radioactive elements present in the soil emit radiation of different types that poses a threat for human life. Mining waste and residues create environmental pollution and these have to beproperly monitored and managed. Measurement of ambient radiation doses and determination of radio nuclides in the mining waste and soil were performed in six riverside locations of Ramu Nickel and Yandera mining sites in Usino Bundi district of Madang and in a nearby place, Lae, in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The average dose rate in air in the mining sites and in Lae have been calculated and it was observed that the annual dose rate in the mining site varies from0.9 mSv/y to 1.1 mSv/y whereas in Lae, it is only 0.78 mSv/y. The outdoor dose rate was found to vary from 126.8 mGy/y to 155.4 mGy/y and the indoor dose rate was found to vary from 507.2 mGy/y to 621.7 mGy/y in the mining sites. The soil samples were analyzed using NaI(Tl) gamma rayspectrometer. Radioactive elements Ca45, I129,Hg203, Cr51, Au198, Fe59, Co60, Ti201, Cd109, Bi214 and Sc47were observed to be slightly higher in the mining area compared to that observed in nearby sites. Though radioactivity level in the mining sites is slightly higher, it is well below the global standards.
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