Academic literature on the topic 'Rivers Australia Management'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rivers Australia Management"
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Edgar, B., N. Schofield, and A. Campbell. "Informing river management policies and programs with science." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0536.
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Conventional wisdom has it that we already have enough science to address the problems causing degradation of our environment, including rivers. This is not true. However it is the case that we could be using existing knowledge better, and that we could be doing more to learn the lessons from the huge sums being spent on river restoration and management. Informing good policy and practical on-ground management with R&D outputs has proven to be is difficult, but essential. This paper reviews some of the history of water and river management in Australia and how perceptions of rivers have evolved. It discusses the challenge of enhancing the linkages between science, policy and practice in river management. It outlines the knowledge exchange, R&D and capacity building strategies of the National Rivers Consortium - a new initiative whose founding partners are LWRRDC, the MDBC, CSIRO Land and Water and the Western Australian Waters and Rivers Commission. This strategic collaboration between policy makers, river managers and scientists brings together organisations with responsibility and expertise to improve the health and management of Australian rivers. The National Rivers Consortium is making a major investment in knowledge exchange and capacity building, based on direct personal contact and learning by doing. The Consortium is establishing a program of training activities targeting river managers and policy makers, based on the best available science and high quality information products. It will support river managers as they plan and implement river restoration and protection projects. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key knowledge gaps that remain impediments to the better management of Australia's unique and diverse river landscapes.
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Douglas, Michael M., Stuart E. Bunn, and Peter M. Davies. "River and wetland food webs in Australia's wet - dry tropics: general principles and implications for management." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04084.
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The tropical rivers of northern Australia have received international and national recognition for their high ecological and cultural values. Unlike many tropical systems elsewhere in the world and their temperate Australian counterparts, they have largely unmodified flow regimes and are comparatively free from the impacts associated with intensive land use. However, there is growing demand for agricultural development and existing pressures, such as invasive plants and feral animals, threaten their ecological integrity. Using the international literature to provide a conceptual framework and drawing on limited published and unpublished data on rivers in northern Australia, we have derived five general principles about food webs and related ecosystem processes that both characterise tropical rivers of northern Australia and have important implications for their management. These are: (1) the seasonal hydrology is a strong driver of ecosystem processes and food-web structure; (2) hydrological connectivity is largely intact and underpins important terrestrial–aquatic food-web subsidies; (3) river and wetland food webs are strongly dependent on algal production; (4) a few common macroconsumer species have a strong influence on benthic food webs; and (5) omnivory is widespread and food chains are short. The implications of these ecosystem attributes for the management and protection of tropical rivers and wetlands of northern Australian are discussed in relation to known threats. These principles provide a framework for the formation of testable hypotheses in future research programmes.
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Pittock, Jamie. "Are we there yet? The Murray-Darling Basin and sustainable water management." Thesis Eleven 150, no. 1 (February 2019): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513618821970.
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In 2007, then Australian Prime Minister Howard said of the Murray-Darling Basin’s rivers that action was required to end the ‘The tyranny of incrementalism and the lowest common denominator’ governance to prevent ‘economic and environmental decline’. This paper explores the management of these rivers as an epicentre for three key debates for the future of Australia. Information on biodiversity, analyses of the socio-ecological system, and climate change projections are presented to illustrate the disjunction between trends in environmental health and the institutions established to manage the Basin sustainably. Three key debates are considered: (1) conflict over the allocation of water between irrigated agriculture versus a range of other ecosystem services as the latest manifestation of the debate between adherents of the pioneering myth versus advocates of limits to growth in Australia; (2) cyclical crises as a driver of reactive policy reform and the prospects of the 2008 Water Act forming the basis of proactive, adaptive management of emerging threats and opportunities; and (3) subsidiarity in governance of the environment and natural resources in the Australian federation. Implementation of the 2012 Basin Plan as promised by the Federal Government ‘in full and on time’ is a key sustainability test for Australia. Despite Australian claims of exceptionalism, the Murray-Darling Basin experience mirrors the challenges faced in managing rivers sustainably and across governance scales in federations around the world.
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Islam, Md Rakeb-Ul, Daniel J. Schmidt, David A. Crook, and Jane M. Hughes. "Patterns of genetic structuring at the northern limits of the Australian smelt (Retropinna semoni) cryptic species complex." PeerJ 6 (May 3, 2018): e4654. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4654.
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Freshwater fishes often exhibit high genetic population structure due to the prevalence of dispersal barriers (e.g., waterfalls) whereas population structure in diadromous fishes tends to be weaker and driven by natal homing behaviour and/or isolation by distance. The Australian smelt (Retropinnidae:Retropinna semoni) is a native fish with a broad distribution spanning inland and coastal drainages of south-eastern Australia. Previous studies have demonstrated variability in population genetic structure and movement behaviour (potamodromy, facultative diadromy, estuarine residence) across the southern part of its geographic range. Some of this variability may be explained by the existence of multiple cryptic species. Here, we examined genetic structure of populations towards the northern extent of the species’ distribution, using ten microsatellite loci and sequences of the mitochondrial cytbgene. We tested the hypothesis that genetic connectivity among rivers should be low due to a lack of dispersal via the marine environment, but high within rivers due to dispersal. We investigated populations corresponding with two putative cryptic species, SEQ-North (SEQ-N), and SEQ-South (SEQ-S) lineages occurring in south east Queensland drainages. These two groups formed monophyletic clades in the mtDNA gene tree and among river phylogeographic structure was also evident within each clade. In agreement with our hypothesis, highly significant overallFSTvalues suggested that both groups exhibit very low dispersal among rivers (SEQ-SFST= 0.13; SEQ-NFST= 0.27). Microsatellite data indicated that connectivity among sites within rivers was also limited, suggesting dispersal may not homogenise populations at the within-river scale. Northern groups in the Australian smelt cryptic species complex exhibit comparatively higher among-river population structure and smaller geographic ranges than southern groups. These properties make northern Australian smelt populations potentially susceptible to future conservation threats, and we define eight genetically distinct management units along south east Queensland to guide future conservation management. The present findings at least can assist managers to plan for effective conservation and management of different fish species along coastal drainages of south east Queensland, Australia.
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Brodie, Jon E., and Alan W. Mitchell. "Nutrients in Australian tropical rivers: changes with agricultural development and implications for receiving environments." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04081.
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In tropical Australia, intensive studies of river suspended sediment (SS) and nutrient dynamics have been restricted to streams on the north-east coast between the Fitzroy and Normanby Rivers (Queensland), Magela Creek/East Alligator River (Northern Territory) and the Ord River (Western Australia). Historical conditions in these rivers were probably characterised by low–moderate SS concentrations and low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in flow events. Introduction of agriculture has transformed SS and nutrient dynamics. Grazing has led to soil erosion and increased SS and particulate nutrient concentrations and fluxes in event flows. Fertilised cropping has increased nutrient inputs to catchments, where it forms a substantial proportion of the catchment area. Consequently, both particulate and dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations and fluxes have increased. Australian tropical rivers have episodic flows, with most material transport occurring during large flow events. The restricted period of these highly energetic flows means little trapping of materials in waterways occurs. Loads are transported efficiently downstream and processes such as denitrification and in-channel sedimentation may be of limited importance. Owing to excessive nutrient inputs associated with agriculture, a number of northern freshwater, estuarine and coastal ecosystems are now eutrophic. Continued development, especially fertilised cropping, without adequate management of nutrient losses is likely to exacerbate these problems.
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Jayawardana, J. M. C. K., Martin Westbrooke, Michael Wilson, and Cameron Hurst. "Macroinvertebrate communities in willow (Salix spp.) and reed beds (Phragmites australis) in central Victorian streams in Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 4 (2006): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05139.
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Exotic willows (Salix spp.) are widespread riparian tree species of rivers in temperate Australia and New Zealand. Despite being considered as a weed of national significance, little is known about the habitat value of willows and the impact on aquatic biota of vegetation change following willow management programmes. Macroinvertebrate fauna in root habitats of willows and Phragmites australis habitats were examined in three central Victorian rivers to understand the effect of such littoral habitat changes on macroinvertebrates. Data were analysed using Partially Nested Factorial ANOVA with season, river and habitat as main effects. Habitat structure had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on macroinvertebrate community assemblage. However, effect of habitat was not consistent among seasons. The greatest community differences among habitats were observed during winter and least separation during autumn. Taxa responsible for community differences among habitats were also identified. Species richness and abundance did not show consistent variation among habitats over different rivers or seasons. This study provided some indication of the macroinvertebrate community changes that would take place in situations where riparian vegetation changes takes place from willows to P. australis.
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Jayasuriya, R. T. "Modelling the economic impact of environmental flows for regulated rivers in New South Wales, Australia." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 7 (October 1, 2003): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0436.
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The management of water resources across Australia is undergoing fundamental reform in line with the priorities identified by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) in 1994. This includes reforms to the specification of property rights, the way the resource is shared between the environment, irrigators and other users, charges for water use and the operational management of the river systems. In New South Wales (NSW), a series of water sharing plans (WSPs) is being developed for each water source in the State including regulated rivers, unregulated rivers and groundwater aquifers. These plans, which are the mechanisms by which COAG reforms are being implemented, are being developed by community-based water management committees (WMCs). The role of the WMCs is to develop a plan that achieves a balance between environmental, economic and social outcomes. NSW Agriculture has assisted a number of WMCs by quantifying the economic impact of proposed WSP options on the irrigation community. This paper outlines the approach taken by NSW Agriculture to quantifying economic impacts on irrigators in regulated catchments and provides results of case studies in the Lachlan River Catchment which is heavily developed for irrigation.
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Ganf, George G., and Naomi Rea. "Potential for algal blooms in tropical rivers of the Northern Territory, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 4 (2007): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06161.
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Rivers in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia are under pressure from increasing vegetation clearance, land use and nutrient run-off. The literature on algal blooms clearly identifies the predisposing factors but in the NT, these factors are not well researched. We report on the potential for tropical rivers to experience problems related to algal growth. NT rivers were found to have a low nutrient status and a viable inoculum of blue-green, brown and green algal communities. The growth response of these algal groups to nutrient enrichment via bioassays and pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM) fluorometry measurements varied among rivers and the addition of N, P or N&P. However, the overwhelming findings were that all rivers had the potential to experience algal blooms with enrichment. Back-calculations based on the chlorophyll concentrations recorded in bioassay experiments and stoichiometric ratios of chlorophyll:nutrients suggest there are pools of biologically available organic forms of N and P in addition to inorganic forms. The role of river length in the development of algal blooms was investigated: the longer the river reach, the slower the flow, and the greater the availability of nutrients, the higher potential for algal blooms. Given the strong indications that increased nutrient run-off to tropical rivers will result in algal blooms, prudent land-use and development with nutrient management strategies is essential.
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Hamilton, Stephen K., and Peter C. Gehrke. "Australia's tropical river systems: current scientific understanding and critical knowledge gaps for sustainable management." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05063.
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Australia’s tropical river systems are poorly understood in comparison with Australia’s temperate freshwater and tropical marine systems. Tropical rivers convey ~70% of the continent’s freshwater runoff, and are increasingly being targeted for development. However, existing knowledge is inadequate to support policy for tropical regions that avoids repeating the environmental problems of water use in southern Australia. This paper summarises existing knowledge on the hydrogeomorphic drivers of tropical catchments, fluxes of sediments and nutrients, flow requirements and wetlands. Key research issues include improved quantification of available water resources, hydrological, biogeochemical and ecological linkages at systems scales, understanding and valuing ecosystem processes and services, and projecting the effects of long-term climate change. Two special considerations for tropical Australia are the location of major centres of government and research capacity outside the tropical region, and the legal title of much of tropical Australia vesting in Aboriginal communities with different cultural values for rivers. Both issues will need to be addressed if tropical research is to be effective in supporting resource management needs into the future. Systems-scale thinking is needed to identify links between system components and coastal enterprises, and to protect the environmental, social, and economic values of Australia’s tropical river systems.
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Gippel, C. J. "Australia's Environmental Flow Initiative: filling some knowledge gaps and exposing others." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0512.
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Many of Australia's river systems have been seriously degraded by inappropriate management of regulated flows. Other systems are facing threats from future water resources developments. There is a lack of information available to aid in allocation of environmental flows to rivers in order that they are managed in an ecologically sustainable manner. The Environmental Flows Initiative (EFI) is a major Australia-wide R&D program into environmental flows, funded through the Natural Heritage Trust (NHT), and administered by Environment Australia (EA). The program aims to identify environmental values, undertake targeted research to identify risks to river systems and flow requirements to sustain environmental values, to trial flow management options, and to evaluate these trials. The NHT relies on matching funding provided by the State and Territory authorities, and supports integrative approaches with emphasis on works on-the-ground where possible. While the EFI will close significant knowledge gaps, other gaps remain. Some of these relate to development and validation of rapid assessment techniques, understanding the importance of flow variability and how to define it, manipulation of flows to control alien species, developing a system of prioritising rivers for environmental flows, and enhancing flows with other catchment, channel and floodplain rehabilitation measures.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rivers Australia Management"
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King, Alison Jane 1974. "Recruitment ecology of fish in floodplain rivers of the southern Murray-Darling Basin, Australia." Monash University, Dept. of Biological Sciences, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8391.
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Pettit, Neil. "Factors affecting the recruitment of riparian vegetation on the Ord and Blackwood Rivers in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1625.
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This thesis provides baseline information on the ecological processes involved in the recruitment and regeneration of riparian vegetation. As there has been a paucity of basic ecological studies on riparian vegetation in Australia, the project is broad in scope, and gives a general picture of the factors influencing, the regeneration of riparian vegetation and provides a starting point for more detailed work. The project focuses on factors determining recruitment events and the life history traits of particular species in a river in the cool temperate zone of south western Australia (Blackwood River) and on a river in the dry tropics of the Kimberley region of north-western Australia (Ord River). By studying two contrasting river systems in different climatic zones, the influence of the physical environment and biotic factors in vegetation persistence and recruitment in the riparian zone can be distinguished. This will contribute to providing an ecological basis for the rehabilitation and management of riparian vegetation in these types of systems. The structure of the vegetation on the Blackwood River consists of an overstorey dominated by Eucalyptus rudis, with a shrub understory at ungrazed sites and with annual species dominant in areas grazed by livestock. On the Ord River there is a much more diverse overstsorey and a species-poor understorey dominated by perennial grasses. Fencing to exclude stock, or to at least manage grazing, is a fundamental step towards achieving rehabilitation of degraded riparian sites where recruitment may be severely limited. Exclosure experiments in the Blackwood River show little improvement in recruitment after three years, with only minor increases in the occurrence and cover of native species. Establishment of these species may be difficult with the increase in abundance of exotic grasses and annual herbs which has occurred as a result of the absence of grazing. These results are however for the short-term and a much longer period is required to look at the vegetation dynamics and successional processes of these sites. In the riparian zone, regeneration of the vegetation from soil seedbanks is important for annual species of herbs and grasses but of only minor significance for perennial species. For perennial species, particularly the overstorey, direct seedfall from existing vegetation occurs, and enhanced dispersal by floating downstream with flood debris is a consequential recruitment mechanism. Hence, reproductive phenology of the four species monitored in this study appears to be well adapted to the hydrological regime on the respective rivers. Position in the riparian landscape where seedlings manage to establish is strongly related to environmental conditions that provide adequate moisture but protect seedlings from flooding. Historical flow records can be used to develop an understanding of the natural flow regime for a particular river which can then be related to patterns of vegetation development in terms of reproductive phenology, seedling establishment and population structure, as well as plant community patterns in the riparian zone. Variability in natural flow regimes, as a disturbance, can therefore be used in conjunction with other abiotic and biotic factors in developing a model of vegetation dynamics for the riparian zone. For example, the regime of intermittent high frequency large flood disturbances on the Ord River prevents the establishment of stable states of the vegetation and the ecosystem is characterised by long periods of transition between short-lived stable states. This riparian ecosystem is thus driven by physical (allogenic) processes rather than by vegetation successional (autogenic) processes. In contrast, lower energy seasonal flooding on the Blackwood River allows mature stands of trees to develop throughout the river profile. Recruitment is continual, although species can also respond to large flood events. This disturbance regime results in long periods of stable status with short periods of transition. The vegetation is thus subject to longer periods of autogenic processes and, because of lower frequency flooding disturbance, shorter periods of allogenic processes. These results highlight the effect of the different fluvial regimes of the two rivers on the respective vegetation dynamics. Management of the riparian vegetation should therefore take into account the frequency and rate of change in the vegetation and that disturbed states and long periods of transition between states, particularly on the Ord River, are part of the natural process. This would suggest that altering the natural flow regimes, such as through river regulation, would have significant effects on riparian vegetation dynamics. This work has relevance to all aspects of riparian zone vegetation, including management of natural systems unaffected by man-made disturbances, for systems affected by stock grazing, for areas requiring rehabilitation and on regulated rivers. It highlights the importance of fluvial processes to riparian vegetation and indicates that understanding the natural flow regime of a target river is a critical first step in the management of riparian vegetation and in the planning of riparian vegetation zone rehabilitation. Where the riparian zone is highly modified, through, for example, livestock grazing and/or weed invasion, natural regeneration of the riparian vegetation may be a long term process. If intervention, such as replanting, is appropriate, care should be taken that species selected are adapted to particular site conditions, such as flooding regime, landscape position and river geomorphology.
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Walsh, Fiona Jane. "To hunt and to hold : Martu Aboriginal people's uses and knowledge of their country, with implications for co-management in Karlamilyi (Rudall River) National Park and the Great Sandy Desert, Western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0127.
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[Truncated abstract] This ethnoecological study examines land uses by modern Martu Aboriginal people on their country. They occupy very remote settlementsParnngurr, Punmu and Kunawarritjiin the Great and Little Sandy Deserts. In 1990, their country included Crown Lands and Rudall River National Park. The study investigated the proposition that the knowledge and practices of Martu were of direct relevance to ecosystem processes and national park management. This research commenced in the wider Australian research context of the late 1980s early 90s when prevailing questions were about the role of customary harvest within contemporary Aboriginal society (Altman 1987; Devitt 1988) and the sustainability of species-specific harvests by Australian indigenous people (Bomford & Caughley 1996). Separately, there was a national line of enquiry into Aboriginal roles in natural resource and protected area management (Williams & Hunn 1986; Birckhead et al. 1992). The field work underpinning this study was done in 19861988 and quantitative data collected in 1990 whilst the researcher lived on Martu settlements. Ethnographic information was gathered from informal discussions, semi-structured interviews and participant observation on trips undertaken by Martu. A variety of parameters was recorded for each trip in 1990. On trips accompanied by the researcher, details on the plant and animal species collected were quantified. Martu knowledge and observations of Martu behaviour are interpreted in terms of the variety of land uses conducted and transport strategies including vehicle use; the significance of different species collected; socio-economic features of bush food collection; spatio-temporal patterns of foraging; and, the 'management' of species and lands by Martu. The research found that in 1990, hunting and gathering were major activities within the suite of land uses practiced by Martu. At least 40% of trips from the settlements were principally to hunt. More than 43 animal species and 37 plant food species were reported to be collected during the study; additionally, species were gathered for firewood, medicines and timber artefacts. Customary harvesting persisted because of the need for sustenance, particularly when there were low store supplies, as well as other reasons. The weight of bush meats hunted at least equalled and, occasionally, was three times greater than the weights of store meats available to Parnngurr residents. ... Paradoxically, hunting was a subject of significant difference despite it being the principal activity driving Martu expertise and practice. There is potential for comanagement in the National Park but it remains contingent on many factors between both Martu and DEC as well as external to them. The dissertation suggests practical strategies to enhance co-management.
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Sun, Ye. "A framework for river restoration planning : considering conceptual and structural perspectives from case studies of the Liao River in China and the Kalgan River in Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1055.
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Over the last decade, restoration ecology has been considered a new paradigm for dealing with many of the environmental problems of river systems. It is also recognized that management decisions have a greater chance of being successful if they are based on a thorough understanding of a concept or a plan. A review of current studies on river restoration and river restoration planning revealed that managers and scientists have put a substantial emphasis on ecological science and technology in restoration, while many sociopolitical and economic elements have been de-emphasized Besides this, understanding and experiences of river restoration, especially those of river managers and communities, is not well known so far. This study commenced with the development of a framework for river restoration planning, based on a review of current knowledge of river restoration and planning processes. The framework was then used as an instrument to be compared with the understanding and experiences of river managers in two different countries. The aim of this study was to highlight the differences in acceptability of river restoration and river restoration planning between two different river systems in two different countries, and develop a framework for river restoration planning that includes these differences. Using a heuristic inquiry, administrators responsible for two rivers, the Kalgan River in southwest Western Australia and the Liao River in northeast China, were interviewed to test if managers have comparable understandings of river restoration. This study revealed that the understanding of the river restoration concept among never managers who participated in this research is influenced by socio-political, economic and ecological perspectives. For example, in Australia, managers see river restoration according to the kind of ecological benefits people will derive from it. To maintain the sustainable development of the river system is the main goal of river restoration In contrast. In China, river managers would like to put more efforts on maintaining the balance between social, economic and ecological development, although, in the short term, pollution control is the first crucial step for river management. The study also indicated that planning is influenced by different understandings of the concept of river restoration, by the existing administrative structures for river management, and by public participation in river management planning. For example, public participation plays an important role in river restoration planning in Australia, while in China, public participation was not considered appropriate or practical in the formulation of a plan even though more and more managers recognize its need and significance. The final result of this study, a framework for river restoration planning, will supply some basic management guidelines for river managers. Future research can be conducted by using data from a project river to put the results of this study into practice, where case studies can be examined to test the robustness of the framework.
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Sellens, Claire, and n/a. "The Reference Condition Approach in Disturbed Landscapes: Accounting for Natural Disturbance and a Reference Condition defined by Good Management Practices for River Protection." University of Canberra. School of Resource, Environmental and Heritage Sciences, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081029.131335.
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This study has contributed to the development of the reference condition approach in
disturbed landscapes. The reference condition approach has been an important development
for the bioassessment of aquatic ecosystems by providing a practical tool for the accurate
assessment of river condition. The selection of appropriate reference sites is critical to the
success of the predictive model in terms of being able to distinguish between natural variation
in biota and the effects of human disturbance. Capturing natural variability and explaining it
is a key difference between the reference condition approach and other study designs (e.g.
before/after/control/impact). Natural disturbances such as drought or bushfire can
significantly alter the ecological condition of streams, and although the ecological condition
of streams affected by natural drought or bushfire is part of the natural cycle, this natural
variation of the ecological condition is rarely incorporated into many study designs because of
a mismatch in time scales. Human disturbance has also significantly altered the condition of
landscapes through the development of agriculture and urbanisation. In urban or agricultural
landscapes it can be impossible to locate streams that have not been modified by human
activity for use as a reference condition. This study looked at the effects of natural disturbance
on the reference condition, in terms of the way natural disturbance affects the prediction of
stream condition and also the incorporation of the condition of streams experiencing natural
disturbance into a predictive model. Additionally this study identified an alternative
benchmark for modified landscapes based on the presence of good management practices for
river protection, and tested this benchmark for the assessment of streams impacted by
urbanisation.
Drought and bushfire regularly disturb aquatic ecosystems in Australia, and affected reference
sites in the ACT and South Coast region of New South Wales in 2002 and 2003. Drought and
bushfire conditions affected macroinvertebrates and environmental variables across these
streams, and the majority of sites were assessed as significantly impaired using regional
AUSRIVAS (AUstralian RIVers Assessment System) models. This indicated the existing
reference conditions for these regions had not incorporated the ecological conditions of
reference sites suffering these natural disturbances. Many of the environmental variables used
to predict the condition of streams were also affected by drought or bushfire. The changes to
environmental variables affected how sites were assessed in models, but the overall
assessment was not significantly changed from the initial assessment that drought or bushfire
had significantly impaired the ecological condition.
To reduce potential assessment errors associated with changes to predictor variables an
attempt was made to construct new models with changeable variables excluded. However, it
was not possible to completely exclude these types of variables, and subsequent models were
no better than the original models in terms of changes to predictor variables affecting the
generation of expected taxa lists. The changes to environmental variables did not affect the
actual assessment of site condition because although group membership probabilities were
changed the probabilities of taxon occurrence did not change significantly. The different
reference site groups all contained some common taxa that occurred at most sites and even
when group probabilities changed this did not change the probability of these taxa occurring
at a test site. For regional models, such as the ACT or NSW South Coast, changes to predictor
variables may not significantly affect the assessment of site condition.
Incorporating reference sites under drought conditions into a predictive model was an
effective way of discriminating the effects of drought from human disturbance. The model
only provided two different ecological conditions, a single drought measurement and a single
non-drought measurement, so the model did not fully encompass the potential natural
variability. The model has value as a starting point and was effective in distinguishing sites
affected by human disturbance from sites affected by drought.
Good Management Practice (GMP) for river protection is any intervention that minimises
human impact on stream condition. Urban sites protected by GMP were used as an alternative
benchmark to a minimally impacted reference condition. The criteria used to select reference
sites were not sufficiently robust to detect a significant benefit of GMP on physical or
chemical characteristics of protected sites, compared to sites without GMP. In general
however, the physical and chemical condition of GMP sites was better than sites without
GMP and there were significant differences in macroinvertebrate assemblages of GMP and
non-GMP sites. A refinement to the site selection process is proposed to include a specific
assessment of GMP effectiveness for the protection it is designed to provide. This will
substantially improve the robustness of a GMP benchmark and provide a clearer picture of the
factors controlling biota in urban streams protected by GMP.
The GMP benchmark was developed into a predictive model for the assessment of urban
stream health, and in terms of the assessment of test site condition, it did not differ
significantly from a model using minimally impacted sites. The purpose of the GMP
benchmark was to provide an alternative reference condition for the assessment of stream
health in modified landscapes when minimally impacted sites are unavailable or provide an
unattainable benchmark. The GMP reference condition as an alternative can provide an
attainable and realistic benchmark. The development and application of the suggested site
selection protocol will improve the robustness of the GMP benchmark and better account for
natural variation in the biota and physical characteristics of the sites used to determine the
reference condition.
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Buckley, David, and n/a. "Sediment quality guidelines for Australian waters : a framework for development and use." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060619.163639.
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The Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC) and the Agriculture and Resource Management Council of
Australia and New Zealand (ARMCANZ) have announced that the 1997
review of the Australian Water Quality Guidelines will include for the first time,
consideration of sediment quality guidelines. For this reason, it is timely to
review the methods for establishing such guidelines, and the manner in which
they could be used in managing the quality of sediments in Australian rivers,
lakes and drainage systems.
In this thesis, the problem of the development of sediment quality guidelines is
introduced and basic questions relating to the development of such guidelines
are addressed. The importance of sediment monitoring and sediment quality
assessment in aquatic ecosystem management is demonstrated, and the role of
sediment quality guidelines in the process of sediment quality assessment is
discussed. The arguments considered in this thesis are illustrated by specific
reference to the setting and use of sediment quality guidelines for heavy metal
contamination.
A number of physico-chemical factors (grain size distribution, pH, redox
potential, alkalinity and hardness, salinity, organic matter) can affect the
bioavailability and toxicity of contaminants in sediments, and these factors may
vary spatially and temporally within and between sediment deposits. Changes
in physico-chemical conditions as a result of natural or anthropogenic
processes may lead to major changes in bioavailability of sediment
contaminants. The variability of these physico-chemical factors has
ramifications for the way in which sediment quality guidelines are derived and
used.
Factors affecting the way in which toxicity is measured (test species chosen,
toxicological end-point measured, duration of test relative to life-cycle), and
toxicity data is interpreted, are also important to the development of useful
sediment quality guidelines. All of these factors must be taken into account in
deriving sediment quality guidelines for Australian conditions.
The large number of factors affecting the sensitivity and efficiency of sediment
quality guidelines means that a simple set of numerical guidelines, as has been
used in the past, is not appropriate. A multi-step assessment procedure will be
required.
Methods of setting sediment quality guidelines that have been used by
authorities in overseas jurisdictions were reviewed. Advantages and
disadvantages of the various methods were compared. None of the methods
used overseas has been shown to be applicable to Australian conditions. In the
absence of a suitable method for deriving Australian sediment quality guidelines
in the short term, the adoption of the Canadian Interim Sediment Quality
Guidelines as interim sediment quality guidelines for Australia is recommended.
Sediment quality guidelines need to be viewed in the context of the overall
environmental management process, of which they form an integral part. The
policy background to environmental management in Australia, and the
management frameworks that have been put in place to implement the policy,
are outlined. The AS/NZS/ISO 14000 series of standards for environmental
management systems provides a framework which is consistent with the
principles and objectives of environmental management in Australia. It
therefore provides an appropriate framework within which to develop and use
sediment quality guidelines.
Within the broad AS/NZS/ISO 14000 policy, a framework for the
development and use of sediment quality guidelines is proposed, which will
provide a technically and legally defensible basis for the management of aquatic
sediments in Australia, in the short term and long term. The proposed
framework involves the setting of Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines for
Australia, based on the best scientific knowledge currently available. The
framework recognises that the factors affecting the bioavailability and toxicity
of sediment contaminants are complex, and that the current level of knowledge
of sediment processes is incomplete. Therefore, a conservative approach to
setting guidelines is taken, and a highly sensitive guideline based on that used in
Canada, is proposed. The framework further recognises that this approach will
lead to over protection of the environment in some cases, so a "Decision
Tree" approach is taken. The "decision tree" allows the consideration of more
complex interactions than can be incorporated into simple numeric guidelines,
while attempting to simplify the assessment process. In keeping with the ISO
14000 series of standards for environmental management, the framework also
explicitly includes steps designed to ensure that monitoring data are regularly
collated, and analysed, and where necessary, guidelines are able to be updated
in light of new knowledge gleaned from the review process.
The proposed framework is appropriate to, and supportive of, the principles of
environmental management as set out in Australian Government policy
documents, inter governmental and international agreements, and legislation.
It provides a basis for the on-going collection of data suited to increasing our
understanding of the factors influencing the behaviour of contaminants in
sediments, and thereby lead to continual improvement in sediment quality
guidelines for use in Australian conditions.
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Barrett, Brian Edward. "Water-borne geophysics for Murray River salt-load detection." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smb2741.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-115) Towed DC Resistivity and Transient Electromagnetic arrays have been trialled for suitability in monitoring salt-loads on the Murray River at Waikerie, South Australia.
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Docker, Benjamin Brougham. "Biotechnical engineering on alluvial riverbanks of southeastern Australia: A quantified model of the earth-reinforcing properties of some native riparian trees." University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1688.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)It is generally accepted that tree roots can reinforce soil and improve the stability of vegetated slopes. Tree root reinforcement is also recognised in riverbanks although the contribution that the roots make to bank stability has rarely been assessed due to the reluctance of geomorphologists to examine riverbank stability by geomechanical methods that allow for the inclusion of quantified biotechnical parameters. This study investigates the interaction between alluvial soil and the roots of four southeastern Australian riparian trees. It quantifies the amount and distribution of root reinforcement present beneath typically vegetated riverbanks of the upper Nepean River, New South Wales, and examines the effect of the reinforcement on the stability of these banks. The ability of a tree to reinforce the soil is limited by the spatial distribution of its root system and the strength that the roots impart to the soil during shear. These two parameters were determined for the following four species of native riparian tree: Casuarina glauca, Eucalyptus amplifolia, Eucalyptus elata, and Acacia floribunda. The four species all exhibit a progressive reduction in the quantity of root material both with increasing depth and with increasing lateral distance from the tree stem. In the vertical direction there are two distinct zones that can be described. The first occurs from between 0 and approximately 15 % of the maximum vertical depth and consists of approximately 80 % of the total root material quantity. In this zone the root system consists of both vertical and lateral roots, the size and density of which varies between species. The second zone occurs below approximately 15 % of the maximum vertical depth and consists primarily of vertical roots. The quantity of root material in this zone decreases exponentially with depth due to the taper of individual roots. The earth reinforcement potential in terms of both geometric extent and the quantity of root material expressed as the Root Area Ratio (RAR) varies significantly from species to species. E. elata exhibited the highest values of RAR in soil zones beneath it while E. amplifolia reinforced a greater volume of soil than any of the other species examined. The increased shear resistance (Sr) of alluvial soil containing roots was measured by direct in-situ shear tests on soil blocks beneath a plantation. For three of the species (C. glauca, E. amplifolia, E. elata) Sr increased with increasing RAR measured at the shear plane, in a similar linear relationship. The shear resistance provided by A. floribunda roots also increased with increasing RAR at the shear plane but at a much greater rate than for the other three species. This is attributable to A. floribunda’s greater root tensile strength and therefore pull-out resistance, as well as its smaller root diameters at comparative RARs which resulted in a greater proportion of roots reaching full tensile strength within the confines of the test. Tree roots fail progressively in this system. Therefore determining the increased shear strength from the sum of the pull-out or tensile strengths of all individual roots and Waldron’s (1977) and Wu et al’s (1979) simple root model, would result in substantial over estimates of the overall strength of the soil-root system. The average difference between Sr calculated in this manner and that measured from direct in-situ shear tests is 10.9 kPa for C. glauca, 19.0 kPa for E. amplifolia, 19.3 kPa for E. elata, and 8.8 kPa for A. floribunda. A riverbank stability analysis incorporating the root reinforcement effect was conducted using a predictive model of the spatial distribution of root reinforcement beneath riparian trees within the study area. The model is based on measurements of juveniles and observations of the rooting habits of mature trees. It indicates that while the presence of vegetation on riverbank profiles has the potential to increase stability by up to 105 %, the relative increase depends heavily on the actual vegetation type, density, and location on the bank profile. Of the species examined in this study the greatest potential for improved riverbank stability is provided by E. amplifolia, followed by E. elata, A. floribunda, and C. glauca. The presence of trees on banks of the Nepean River has the potential to raise the critical factor of safety (FoS) from a value that is very unstable (0.85) to significantly above 1.00 even when the banks are completely saturated and subject to rapid draw-down. It is likely then that the period of intense bank instability observed within this environment between 1947 and 1992 would not have taken place had the riparian vegetation not been cleared prior to the onset of wetter climatic conditions. Typical ‘present-day’ profiles are critically to marginally stable. The introduction of vegetation could improve stability by raising the FoS up to 1.68 however the selection of revegetation species is crucial. With the placement of a large growing Eucalypt at a suitable spacing (around 3-5 m) the choice of smaller understorey trees and shrubs is less important. The effect of riparian vegetation on bank stability has important implications for channel morphological change. This study quantifies the mechanical earth reinforcing effect of some native riparian trees, thus allowing for improved deterministic assessment of historical channel change and an improved basis for future riverine management.
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Ayeni, Olutoyosi Olaide. "An investigation into the effect of metals on chlorophyll content and photosynthesis activity of the wetland plant phragmites australis in the lower Diep River, Milnerton, Cape Town." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2016.
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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Management)))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.A study involving a wetland plant, common reed (Phragmites australis L.) was carried out along the bank of the lower Diep River and the adjacent soil samples from four different sites (Milnerton Lagoon, Lower Estuary, Milnerton Bowling Club and Woodbridge Island), Cape Town, South Africa. The aim was to determine the extent of metal contamination and its impact on physiological indices. Results showed that among the metals evaluated, AI and Fe were consistently higher in all the soil samples (from both river bank and the adjacent soil) followed by Zn, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cd, Co, Cr and Ni. The concentrations of AI in the river banks ranged between 1214.1 - 3176 mg.kg-1 compared with the adjacent soils, where AI concentration ranged from 434.8 - 2445.4 mg.kq". The Fe concentrations from the river bank values ranged from 1136.4 - 4897.2 mg.kg-1 compared with Fe concentrations of the adjacent soil samples which ranged from 402.2 - 2459.8 mg.kg-1 . Generally, Zn ranged from 2.4 - 211.5 mq.kq"; Mn: 5.5 - 48.05 mg.kq': Pb: 0.97 - 71.7 mg.kq"; Cu: 0.3 - 45.9 mg.kq'; Cd: 0.0 - 9.3 mg.kq": Co: 0.2 - 2.7 mg.kq': Cr: 0.3 - 2.1 mg.kg-1 ; and Ni: 0.02 - 2.6 mg.kg-1. Overall, Ni had the lovest concentrations in the ecosystem. Results also showed that the abundance of metals from plant samples were in the order of AI > Pb > Cd > Co > Ni > Cr; and for micronutrients, Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu both in the shoots and roots sampled from all the sites investigated. The values of chlorophylls a, b and total chlorophyll as well as photosynthesis were significantly higher in the P. australis plant samples and from the adjacent soil compared with those from the river bank. These results suggest that contamination of soils and wetland ecosystem by metals over and above plant requirements may affect the chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate of the plant thereby undermining the physiological functioning of plants growing along river systems.
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Hall, Sandra. "The contribution of heavy industry and commercial activity at Canning Vale to the loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released in the Bannister Creek catchment area." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/307.
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Stormwater is recognised as a transport mechanism for pollutants. Pollutants enter stormwater drains via surface washoff, subsurface flow or direct discharge. Landuse is reported to affect the quantity of pollutants released into stormwater drains. In Australia, the contribution of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and surfactants from industrial areas to surface drainage is poorly understood. Previous research has mainly focused on the quality of water leaving residential and agricultural areas. In Western Australia, there is growing concern over the health of the Swan-Canning River system, which is seeing signs of eutrophication. Runoff and discharge from residential, commercial, and industrial areas influence the quality of water in the Swan-Canning River system.
A study of nutrient release was undertaken for the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area, to determine the contribution of industry to nutrient loads received by the Canning River system, between August 2001 and 2002. Data was collected three times a week using a point sampling regime. Diurnal and storm event variability were also tested. Data collected from the eastern sector of the industrial area was compared to that released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area.
Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations downstream of industrial areas have been reported at 45mg L-1 and 15mg L-1 respectively (Thomas et al, 1997; John, 2000). In this study, the median concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus downstream of industry in Bannister Creek, at the Tom Bateman Reserve Detention Basin, were 1.32mg L-1 and 0.11mg L-1 respectively. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were not indicative of point source discharge. Nutrient concentrations reported in Bannister Creek in this study, have been consistent with data collected and reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002.
Nitrogen and phosphorus loads released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area, exceeded loads previously reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al ( 1994); Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002. An estimated 32890kg of nitrogen and 2085kg of phosphorus was released from Bannister Creek Catchment during the study. Rainfall during the study period was reflective of the drying climate Perth has been experiencing over the last ten years. Nitrogen and phosphorus released from Bannister Creek during the study period are likely to be underestimated, as they do not include the data collected for a significant storm event recorded at Hybanthus Road on the 16.4.02. During this 1- 2/1-5 ARI storm event 1586kg of nitrogen and 185kg of phosphorus were exported from Bannister Creek, producing loads ten times greater than that estimated during the point sampling regime. The later values were used in the calculation of annual loads to maintain consistency between the study sites. Despite the significant load of nutrients released from the catchment on 16.4.02, rainfall was not the main transport mechanism for nitrogen and phosphorus, indicated by the weak correlation e.g. R2 > 0.1. Base flow was determined to be the most significant pathway of nutrient export.
The concentrations and loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released from the industrial area were low, but the contribution to catchment loading was important. The rate of nutrient release per unit of area was higher from the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area than the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area. Nitrogen was released at a rate of 4163kg km2 yr from the industrial area and 134 2. 86kg km2 yr for the entire catchment. Phosphorus was the same. From the industrial area it was released at a rate of 397kg km2 yr compared to a rate of 94.2kg km2 yr from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area.
The study revealed the need to retain nutrients within the catchment. Studies on stormwater management suggest that this can be achieved through Water Sensitive Urban Design and Best Management Practices. Both strategies work on the principle of retaining and recycling nutrients within the catchment area. Work is currently been undertaken to meet the objectives of these two management strategies in Bannister Creek. Work has included the removal of the southwestern bank of the Tom Bateman reserve detention basin to create a meandering wetland, and the downgrading of the banks along Bywood Way, Lynwood to create a Living Stream. Further studies should focus on the effectiveness of these strategies.
Books on the topic "Rivers Australia Management"
1
Council, Western Australian Water Resources. River management in Western Australia: Ministerial discussion paper. Leederville, WA: The Council, 1994.
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Pen, L. J. Managing our rivers: A guide to the nature and management of the streams of south-west Western Australia. East Perth, W.A: Water and Rivers Commission, 1999.
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Sands, Lucy. Caring for the Canning: A plan to revitalise the Canning, Southern and Wungong rivers. East Perth, W.A: Swan River Trust, 2002.
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Scientific Workshop on the Margaret River Marron (2002 West Australian Marine Research Laboratories). Scientific Workshop on the Margaret River Marron, West Australian Marine Research Laboratories, May 10, 2002. Perth, WA: Dept. of Fisheries, Govt. of Western Australia, 2002.
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Garrick, Dustin Evan. Water Allocation in Rivers under Pressure: Water Trading, Transaction Costs and Transboundary Governance in the Western US and Australia. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2015.
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Garrick, Dustin Evan. Water Allocation in Rivers under Pressure: Water Trading, Transaction Costs and Transboundary Governance in the Western US and Australia. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2017.
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Garrick, Dustin Evan. Water Allocation in Rivers under Pressure: Water Trading, Transaction Costs and Transboundary Governance in the Western US and Australia. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2015.
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Saintilan, Neil, and Ian Overton, eds. Ecosystem Response Modelling in the Murray-Darling Basin. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100213.
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Ecosystem Response Modelling in the Murray-Darling Basin provides an overview of the status of science in support of water management in Australia’s largest and most economically important river catchment, and brings together the leading ecologists working in the rivers and wetlands of the Basin. It introduces the issues in ecosystem response modelling and how this area of science can support environmental watering decisions.
The declining ecological condition of the internationally significant wetlands of the Murray-Darling Basin has been a prominent issue in Australia for many years. Several high profile government programs have sought to restore the flow conditions required to sustain healthy wetlands, and this book documents the scientific effort that is underpinning this task.
In the Southern Murray-Darling Basin, the River Murray, the Murrumbidgee River and their associated wetlands and floodplains have been the focus of the Murray-Darling Basin Authority’s ‘The Living Murray’ program, and the NSW Rivers Environmental Restoration Program. The book documents research aimed at informing environmental water use in a number of iconic wetlands including those along the Murray – the Barmah-Millewa Forest; the Chowilla Floodplain and Lindsay-Wallpolla Islands; the Coorong and Murray mouth; and the Murrumbidgee – the Lowbidgee Floodplain.
Within the Northern Murray-Darling Basin, research conducted in support of the Wetland Recovery Plan and the NSW Rivers Environmental Restoration Program has improved our knowledge of the Gwydir Wetlands and the Macquarie Marshes, and the water regimes required to sustain their ecology.
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Beeson, Geoff. Water Story. CSIRO Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486311309.
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Freshwater scarcity is a critical challenge, with social, economic, political and environmental consequences. Water crises in Australia have already led to severe restrictions being applied in cities, drought ravaging farmlands, and the near-terminal decline of some rivers and wetlands.
A Water Story provides an account of Australian water management practices, set against important historical precedents and the contemporary experience of other countries. It describes the nature and distribution of the country's natural water resources, management of these resources by Indigenous Australians, the development of urban water supply, and support for pastoral activities and agricultural irrigation, with the aid of case studies and anecdotes. This is followed by discussion of the environmental consequences and current challenges of water management, including food supply, energy and climate change, along with options for ensuring sustainable, adequate high-quality water supplies for a growing population.
A Water Story is an important resource for water professionals and those with an interest in water and the environment and related issues, as well as students and the wider community.
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Boon, Paul. The Hawkesbury River. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643107601.
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The Hawkesbury River is the longest coastal river in New South Wales. A vital source of water and food, it has a long Aboriginal history and was critical for the survival of the early British colony at Sydney. The Hawkesbury’s weathered shores, cliffs and fertile plains have inspired generations of artists. It is surrounded by an unparalleled mosaic of national parks, including the second-oldest national park in Australia, Ku-ring-gai National Park. Although it lies only 35 km north of Sydney, to many today the Hawkesbury is a ‘hidden river’ – its historical and natural significance not understood or appreciated.
Until now, the Hawkesbury has lacked an up-to-date and comprehensive book describing how and when the river formed, how it functions ecologically, how it has influenced humans and their patterns of settlement and, in turn, how it has been affected by those settlements and their people. The Hawkesbury River: A Social and Natural History fills this gap. With chapters on the geography, geology, hydrology and ecology of the river through to discussion of its use by Aboriginal and European people and its role in transport, defence and culture, this highly readable and richly illustrated book paints a picture of a landscape worthy of protection and conservation. It will be of value to those who live, visit or work in the region, those interested in Australian environmental history, and professionals in biology, natural resource management and education.
Book chapters on the topic "Rivers Australia Management"
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Jensen, Anne E., and Keith F. Walker. "A River in Crisis: The Lower River Murray, Australia." In River Conservation and Management, 357–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119961819.ch29.
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Gill, Roger, and Morag Anderson. "Impacts of King River Power Development, Australia." In Water Resources Development and Management, 201–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23571-9_9.
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Marchant, Richard, and Ben Kefford. "Taxonomic Distinctness as a Measure of Diversity of Stream Insects Exposed to Varying Salinity Levels in South-Eastern Australia." In River Conservation and Management, 175–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119961819.ch14.
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Leonhard, L., K. Burton, and N. Milligan. "Gascoyne River, Western Australia; Alluvial Aquifer, Groundwater Management and Tools." In Groundwater in the Coastal Zones of Asia-Pacific, 359–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5648-9_17.
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Brodie, Jon, Stephen Lewis, Aaron Davis, Zoe Bainbridge, Dominique O’Brien, Jane Waterhouse, Michelle Devlin, and Colette R. Thomas. "Management of Agriculture to Preserve Environmental Values of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia." In Ecosystem Services and River Basin Ecohydrology, 275–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9846-4_14.
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Allan, Catherine, Robyn J. Watts, Sarah Commens, and Darren S. Ryder. "Using Adaptive Management to Meet Multiple Goals for Flows Along the Mitta Mitta River in South-Eastern Australia." In Adaptive Environmental Management, 59–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9632-7_4.
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"The Ecology and Management of Wood in World Rivers." In The Ecology and Management of Wood in World Rivers, edited by TIMOTHY B. ABBE, ANDREW P. BROOKS, and DAVID R. MONTGOMERY. American Fisheries Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569568.ch20.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Wood induces hydraulic, morphologic, and textural complexity into fluvial systems in forested regions around the world. Snags and logjams can create complex networks of channels and wetlands across entire river valleys and historically posed a significant obstacle to navigation. The clearing of wood from channels and riparian forest land reduced or eliminated the quantity and supply of wood into rivers in many regions of the world. Ecological restoration of fluvial environments increasingly includes the placement of wood. But few guidelines exist on appropriate methods for emulating natural wood accumulations, where and how to place wood, its longevity, the hydraulic and geomorphic consequences of wood, and how to manage systems where wood is reintroduced. Important factors to understand when placing wood in rivers include the watershed and reach-scale context of a project, the hydraulic and geomorphic effects of wood placements, possible changes in wood structures over time, and how it may impact human infrastructure and safety. Engineered logjams constructed in Washington, USA and New South Wales, Australia offer examples of how wood reintroduction can be engineered without the use of artificial anchoring to form stable instream structures as part of efforts to rehabilitate fluvial ecosystems and provide ecologically sensitive means to treat traditional problems such as bank stabilization and grade control.
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Newman, Robert J. "Salinity management for the landscapes and rivers: The Murray-Darling Basin in Australia." In Developments in Water Science, 141–54. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5648(03)80013-8.
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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Stephen J. M. Blaber. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch41.
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<em>Abstract</em>.-The general acceptance that individual fisheries should be managed in the context of the ecosystem of which the target species are a part has led to the paradigm of ecosystem- based fisheries management (EBFM). Such management may be particularly suitable for diadromous fishes, which spend time in rivers, estuaries, and the sea, because their sustainability would benefit from a holistic approach. The extent to which this is possible and has been successful depends on a wide variety of biological, socioeconomic, and political factors. Fishing in all its forms is only one of a broad array of human activities in rivers, estuaries, and the coastal zone; hence, diadromous fisheries management requires not only integration across ecosystems, but also its inclusion in overall planning processes. Tropical diadromous fisheries in developing countries suffer from overfishing, lack of adequate human resources to manage the fisheries, insufficient scientific data for sound management and decision making, lack of monitoring capabilities, poor enforcement of laws, inefficient administration, and increasing conflicts between different types of users. Even in developed countries, many of these issues also have not been addressed. The extent to which an EBFM approach has been successful for tropical diadromous species is discussed using the various barramundi <em>Lates calcarifer</em>, mullet (Mugilidae), and tropical shad (<em>Tenualosa</em>) fisheries of Asia and Australia, taking into account issues of food security and the role of community-based management.
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"Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques." In Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques, edited by Julian D. Olden and Mark J. Kennard. American Fisheries Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874141.ch5.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—The flow regime is considered the primary driver of physical processes in riverine ecosystems; thus we expect that the trait composition of fish assemblages might respond similarly to hydrologic variability, even at broad spatial scales. Here, we test the hypothesis that freshwater fish life history strategies on two continents (southern United States and eastern Australia) converge along gradients of hydrologic variability and primary productivity at the drainage scale. Our results show that the fishes of the United States and Australia conform to the three-dimensional adaptive space arising from the trade-offs among three basic demographic parameters of survival, fecundity, and onset and duration of reproductive life. Species from both continents represent the endpoints in adaptive space defining the periodic (19% versus 33% for the United States and Australia, respectively), opportunistic (69% versus 52%), and equilibrium life history strategies (12% versus 15%). We found evidence that fish life history composition of drainage basins in the two continents have converged across similar gradients of hydrologic variability and productivity despite phylogenetic and historical differences. Moreover, these relationships were largely consistent with predictions from life history theory. Increasing hydrologic variability has promoted the greater prevalence of opportunistic strategists (a strategy that should maximize fitness in environmental settings dominated by unpredictable environmental change) while concurrently minimizing the persistence of periodic-type species (a strategy typically inhabits seasonal, periodically suitable environments). Our study provides a conceptual framework of management options for species in regulated rivers because life history strategies are the underlying determinants for population responses to environmental change and therefore can be used to classify typical population responses to flow alteration or mitigation via environmental flow prescriptions.
Conference papers on the topic "Rivers Australia Management"
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Waggit, Peter W., and Alan R. Hughes. "History of Groundwater Chemistry Changes (1979–2001) at the Nabarlek Uranium Mine, Australia." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4640.
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The Nabarlek uranium mine is located in the Alligator Rivers Region of the Northern Territory of Australia. The site lies in the wet/dry topics with an annual rainfall of about 1400mm, which falls between October and April. The site operated as a “no release” mine and mill between 1979 and 1988 after which time the facility was mothballed until decommissioning was required by the Supervising Authorities in 1994. The dismantling of the mill and rehabilitation earthworks were completed in time for the onset of the 1995–96 wet season. During the operational phase accumulation of excess water resulted in irrigation of waste water being allowed in areas of natural forest bushland. The practice resulted in adverse impacts being observed, including a high level of tree deaths in the forest and degradation of water quality in both ground and surface waters in the vicinity. A comprehensive environmental monitoring programme was in place throughout the operating and rehabilitation phases of the mine’s life, which continues, albeit at a reduced level. Revegetation of the site, including the former irrigation areas, is being observed to ascertain if the site can be handed back to the Aboriginal Traditional Owners. A comprehensive review of proximal water sampling points was undertaken in 2001 and the data used to provide a snapshot of water quality to assist with modelling the long term prognosis for the water resources in the area. While exhibiting detectable effects of mining activities, water in most of the monitoring bores now meets Australian drinking water guideline levels. The paper reviews the history of the site and examines the accumulated data on water quality for the site to show how the situation is changing with time. The paper also presents an assessment of the long term future of the site in respect of water quality.
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Macgregor, C., B. Stewart, and C. Farrell. "A waterways management framework for Western Australia." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm090011.
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Macgregor, C. J. "Innovative river action planning for the Upper Collie catchment, Western Australia." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm110011.
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Doody, T., and I. Overton. "Environmental management of riparian tree health in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm090181.
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Abbot, J., and J. Marohasy. "The application of artificial intelligence for monthly rainfall forecasting in the Brisbane Catchment, Queensland, Australia." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rbm130111.
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Abbot, J., and J. Marohasy. "Forecasting of monthly rainfall in the Murray Darling Basin, Australia: Miles as a case study." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2015. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm150141.
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Marohasy, J., and J. Abbot. "Deconstructing the native fish strategy for Australia’s Murray Darling catchment." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rbm130281.
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ROBERTS, MELANIE E., and ROBIN ELLIS. "EFFECTS OF TEMPORAL VARIATION IN SEDIMENT REDUCTION FOLLOWING IMPROVED LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON END-OF-SYSTEM DELIVERY: A MODELLING INVESTIGATION OF A GRAZED CATCHMENT IN QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rbm190021.
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Leonhard, L., K. Burton, and N. Milligan. "Gascoyne River, Western Australia: alluvial aquifer, groundwater management and tools." In WATER AND SOCIETY 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ws110371.
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Bourman, Robert P., Fleur Tiver, and Kristine James. "Some Palaeoflood Indicators in the River Murray Valley of South Australia." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)412.
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