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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Labrique, Françoise. "Le rituel de l'offrande de la Campagne à Edfou: étude de la composition." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213067.

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2

Falck, Martin von. "Textgeschichtliche Untersuchungen zu Götterreden und verwandten Texten auf ägyptischen Särgen und Sarkophagen von der 3. Zwischenzeit bis zur Ptolemäerzeit." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971279888.

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3

Anderson, Wendy R. M. "Badarian burials : possible indicators of social inequality in Middle Egypt during the fifth millennium B.C." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61988.

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4

Swart, Lisa. "A stylistic comparison of selected visual representations on Egyptian funerary papyri of the 21st Dynasty and wooden funerary stelae of the 22nd Dynasty (c. 1069 -715 B. C. E.)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19897.

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Thesis (DPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines illustrated funerary papyri and wooden funerary stelae for information they can provide about the organization of artists in the 21st and 22nd Dynasty. It is an inquiry into the relationship between visual representation on the funerary papyri of the 21st Dynasty and wooden stelae of the 22nd Dynasty. An attempt is made to determine whether it is possible to identify the work of individual artists and workshops involved in producing the illustrated funerary papyri and wooden stelae, and in what way they may be related. This study covers a representative sample of workshops or individuals from around the beginning of the 21st Dynasty to the early 22nd Dynasty. Methodology involved undertaking the research on a descriptive and interpretative/comparative level. Panofsky's (1972: passim) model for describing pictorial works was used to interpret the iconography. The comparisons between the papyri and stelae were based upon a combination of the models developed by Freed (1996: passim) and Niwinski (1989a: passim). These models functioned as a control or corrective in order to formulate an interpretation. It was possible to definitively place 208 manuscripts out of 214 papyri into seven individual workshops. This was based upon their stylistic similarities and corresponding content. Papyri Workshop 1 is comprised of fifty-six manuscripts, and constitutes the largest group. The highest quality manuscripts were produced in this workshop, which was patronized by the high priests of Amun and their families. Papyri Workshop 2 is the smallest group consisting of only seven manuscripts. These two workshops contain the earliest manuscripts, which were generally executed in the Ramesside tradition. Papyri Workshop 3 contains the second largest grouping with fifty-two, and Papyri Workshop 4 consists of eleven. The majority of the members of this workshop belong to a homogenous, almost analogous group, in terms of content and composition. In the twenty-five manuscripts that belong to Papyri Workshop 5, it can be observed that the artists have taken complete liberties with the mass of iconography at their disposal. They have adapted and transformed the existing symbols into new compositions, so that no two manuscripts are alike. Papyri Workshop 6 is comprised of thirty manuscripts, and Papyri Workshop 7 has twenty. As opposed to Workshop 5, these two workshops display an economy of style and execution. They are also generally outlined in black. Furthermore, several subgroups are evident in the workshops, especially those that span many decades, such as Papyri Workshop 1 and 3.From a comprehensive examination of 103 stelae, it was possible to group 100 stelae into nine workshops. It is important to note that Stelae Workshop 1 is, in fact, linked to Papyri Workshop 1, to which thirteen stelae can be attributed. The stelae contain the same attributes and style of execution as the papyri. Stelae Workshop 2 consists of fifteen stelae, these are skilfully executed, and appear to be custom-made for the deceased. Workshop 3 comprises of fourteen stelae. Stelae Workshop 4 contains five, and Workshop 5 has nine. In contrast to Stelae Workshop 1, the principal representations within the stelae from Stelae Workshops 2 to 5 are generally standardized in form and format. Stelae Workshop 6 has six, while 7 and 8 are the two largest workshops with sixteen members each. These three workshops represent a general degradation of proficiency, culminating in a provincial folk-art quality of Stelae Workshop 7 and 8. Stelae Workshop 8 represents the final transition in style and format to the stelae of the Late Period. Stelae Workshop 9 is comprised of five stelae. The style of execution corresponds to the first phase of the Late Period stelae style. It is possible to observe the hand/s of individual artists or a master and student in the study selection, even within one workshop.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek ge"illustreerde begrafnispapiri en hout stelae met die oog op die inligting wat hulle oor die kunstenaarsorganisasie in die 21ste en 22ste dinastie kan verskaf. Die navorsing ondersoek die verband tussen visuele afbeeldings op die begrafnispapiri van die 21ste dinastie en hout stelae van die 22ste dinastie. Daar word gepoog om vas te stel of dit moontlik is om die werk van individuele kunstenaars en "werkswinkels" wat by die totstandkoming van die ge'illustreerde begrafnispapiri en hout stelae betrokke was, asook die wyse waarop hulle moontlik verwant is, te identifiseer. Die navorsing dek 'n verteenwoordigende korpus van die werkswinkels of individue uit die tydperk van die begin van die 21ste dinastie tot die vroee 22ste dinastie. Die metodologie het navorsing op 'n deskriptiewe en interpretatiewe! vergelykende vlak behels. Panofsky (1972: passim) se model vir die beskrywing van kunswerke is gebruik om die ikonografie te interpreteer. Die vergelykings tussen die papiri en die stelae is gebaseer op 'n kombinasie van die modelle wat deur Freed (1996: passim) en Niwinski (1989a: passim) ontwikkel is. Hierdie modelle het as 'n kontrole of korrektief gedien vir die formulering van 'n interpretasie. Dit was moontlik om 208 manuskripte uit 214 papiri met sekerheid in sewe individuele "werkswinkels" in te dee!. Die indeling is gebaseer op die stilistiese ooreenkomste en ooreenstemming in die inhoud. Papiruswerkswinkel 1 bestaan uit 56 manuskripte, en maak die grootste groep uit. Die hoogste gehalte manuskripte het in hierdie werkswinkel ontstaan en kan met die hoepriesters van Amun en hulle gesinne verbind word. Werkswinkel 2 is die kleinste groepie en bestaan uit net sewe manuskripte. Hierdie twee werkswinkels bevat die vroegste manuskripte. Papiruswerkswinkel 3 bevat die tweede grootste groepering met 52 manuskripte, en Papiruswerkswinkel 4 bestaan uit 11. Die meerderheid van die manuskripte van hierdie werkswinkel behoort aan 'n homogene, byna analoe groep, wat betref inhoud en samestelling. Uit die 25 manuskripte wat aan Papiriwerkswinkel 5 behoort, is dit duidelik dat die kunstenaars hulle vryhede veroorloof het met die massa ikonografiee tot hulle beskikking. Hulle het die bestaande simbole aangepas en tot nuwe komposisies verander, sod at nie twee manuskripte dieselfde is nie. Papiruswerkswinkel 6 en 7 is saamgestel uit onderskeidelik 30 en 20. In teenstelling met Werkswinkel 5 vertoon hierdie twee werkswinkels 'n "ekonomie" van styl en uitbeelding. Hulle het ook oor die algemeen 'n swart buitelyn. Daarbenewens is dit duidelik dat daar verskeie subgroepein die werkswinkels is, in die besonder die wat oor baie dekades strek, 5005 Papiruswerkswinkels 1 en 3. Uit 'n omvattende ondersoek van 103 stelae was dit moontlik om 100 stelae in nege werkswinkels te groepeer. Dit is belangrik om daarop te let dat Werkswinkel 1 in werklikheid met Papiruswerkswinkel 1, waaraan 13 stelae toegeskryf kan word, verbind kan word. Die stelae vertoon dieselfde kenmerke en styl as die papiri. Werkswinkel 2 bestaan uit 15 stelae wat kunstig gemaak is en wat Iyk asof hulle op bestelling vir die oorledenes vervaardig is. Werkswinkel 3 bestaan uit 14 stelae. Werkswinkel 4 bevat vyf, en in Werkswinkel 5 is daar nege. In teenstelling met Werkswinkel 1 is die belangrikste afbeeldings by die stelae in Werkswinkels 2 tot 5 meestal gestandaardiseer wat betref vorm en formaat. Werkswinkel 6 het ses, terwyl 7 en 8 die twee grootste werkswinkels is met 16 stelae elk. Hierdie drie werkswinkels verteenwoordig 'n algemene degradering van vakmanskap, wat daartoe lei dat die gehalte van Werkswinkels 7 en 8 die is van 'n "provinsiale volkskuns". Werkswinkel 8 verteenwoordig die finale oorgang in styl en formaat na die stelae van die Laattyd. Werkswinkel 9 bestaan uit vyf items. Die sty I stem ooreen met die eerste fase van die styl van die stelae uit die Laattyd. Die studie toon aan dat dit wei moontlik is om die hand(e) van individuele kunstenaars of 'n meester en sy student te onderskei, selfs binne net een werkswinkel.

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5

Mbokazi, Jabulani Tadeus. "Aspects of the family in Ancient Egypt." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/698.

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Thesis (MA (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study deals with the ancient Egyptian family. Cultural anthropology is used as a point of departure to reconstruct the daily lives of the ancient Egyptians. Cultural anthropology usually applies to living communities but most of the principles it uses are just as relevant in the study of a dead culture. The emphasis of this study is on the different cultural domains, which include education, religion, family livelihoods, family recreation, entertaimnent and travel and social organization and how these are interrelated. Most of our ancient Egyptian knowledge comes from the tombs of wealthy individuals, and thus incomplete since we have no record of how peasants perceived the world, as they could not afford a good burial. Other sources are the ancient documents and artefacts from town sites all associated with wealthy individuals. While peasants were too poor to send their children to school, wealthier Egyptians did send their children to school especially boys. Agriculture was central in ancient Egyptian life. The nobility and other higher classes depended on the toil of the peasant for basic commodities and food. The peasant families in the rural areas were unable to attend the lavish festivals in the cities. Their basic focus was centred on their homes, families and on the success of the harvest. The peasant had his own private god or gods to whom he could tum for aid or comfort in times of trouble. Surplus items of food, clothing, oil and such like could be used for barter for purchasing essential items for everyday living. During their spare time the Egyptian families entertained friends, engaged in the various pastimes and travel. The peasant, as providers of food, formed an important social base for the Egyptian state.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie handel oor die Egiptiese familie. Kulturele antropologie word gebruik as metode om die daaglikse lewe van die antieke Egiptenare te rekonstrueer. Kulturele antropologie word gewoonlik op "lewende" gemeenskappe toegepas, maar die beginsels daarvan is net so relevant vir die bestudering van "dooie" kulture. Die fokus van hierdie studie is op die verskillende kulturele domeine wat insluit onderrig, religie, familie aktiwiteite, familie ontspanning, vermaak, reis en sosiale organisasie en hoe hierdie domeine op mekaar inwerk. Meeste van die kennis oor antieke Egipte word verkry uit die grafte van ryk individue en is daarom gebrekkig ten opsigte van kleinboere en hul siening van die wêreld, omdat hulle nie behoorlike grafte kon bekostig nie. Ander bronne is die antieke tekste en artefakte wat gevind word in dorpe, wat ook meestal behoort het aan ryk persone. Die kleinboere kon nie bekostig om hul kinders na 'n skool te stuur nie, maar ryk Egiptenare kon wel - veral dan seuns. Landbou was baie belangrik tot Egiptiese lewe. Die aristokrasie en ander klasse was afhanklik van die sukkelbestaan van kleinboere om hulle te voorsien van die basiese goedere en voedsel. Kleinboer families, wat in die platteland gebly het kon nie die groot feeste in die stede bywoon nie. Hul persoonlike oortuigings het daarom gefokus op die huishouding, familie en suksesvolle oeste. Kleinboere het 'n persoonlike god of gode gehad wat tot hul hulp kon kom, of troos kon bied in tye van krisis. Surplus goedere soos, onder andere, voedsel, klere en olie kon as ruilmiddel gebruik word om ander items wat benodig word, te bekom. In vrye tyd het families vriende onthaal, verskillende stokperdjies beoefen en rondgereis. Die kleinboere, as verskaffers van voedsel, het 'n belangrike sosiale basis van die Egiptiese staat gevorm.

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6

Desclaux, Vanessa. "Les Appels aux passants en Égypte ancienne : approche historique d’un genre littéraire." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20059.

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Le présent travail a pour objet l’étude des appels aux passants en Égypte ancienne depuis sa naissance durant la IVe dynastie jusqu’à la fin de la période pharaonique. Il s’agit ainsi de déterminer l’identité de cette formule sur trois millénaires, selon deux axes principaux : historique et phraséologique. Un premier point, « Interpeller les vivants », est consacré à la caractérisation des contextes dans lesquels les appels interviennent à travers le temps. On y dresse un panorama par périodes, en évoquant les catégories sociales qui recourent à cette inscription et les lieux de découvertes. La prise en compte des données issues de l’archéologie permet alors de présenter la mise en scène accompagnant le discours. Dans le cadre de la prise de parole du défunt, la rhétorique de l’appel s’étend à l’ensemble du support mémoriel et le decorum est au service de la capatio benevolentiae. La deuxième partie, « Commémorer sur trois millénaires », se propose d’extraire et d’évaluer la part d’historicité à l’œuvre dans la formule. La phraséologie mobilisée dans les appels est d’abord interrogée du point de vue du Sitz im Leben puis en termes d’actions rituelles attendues. Le déroulement des rites envers les défunts fait finalement l’objet d’une proposition de reconstitution se basant sur le contenu des appels. En dernier lieu, « L’appel, expression d’une société solidaire », met en avant la part idéologique de la formule. Par sa composition et les idées véhiculées, l’appel constitue un relais majeur de la Maât sociale, établissant un pont entre les générations, par-delà vie et mort. Les mécanismes humains et l’aspect dogmatique de la formule expliquent son succès et sa longévité
This Dissertation deals with the so-called “Appeal to the Living Ones” in Ancient Egypt since its beginning during the Fourth Dynasty until the end of the Pharaonic period. The identity of this formula will be sought over three millennia, in two main directions : History and Phrasæology.The first section “ Calling to the Living Ones ” will be devoted to the identification of contexts in which the appeals took place over time. It will provide an overview of the formula sorted by eras, referring to social groups who used it and its places of discovery.The archæological data will help us to survey the staging of the speech of the deceased. It seems indeed that the rhetoric of the appeals extends to the entire memorial. Furthermore, the decorum is involved in the capatio benevolentiae.In the second section, “ Commemorating over three millennia ”, we will extract and prospect the role of historicity at work in the formula. Phrasæology used in the appeals is first examined from the point of view of the Sitz im Leben. Then, we will analyse the ritual actions expected. Finally, we will try to rebuild the ritual sequences towards the dead, based on informations contained in the formula.The last section, “ The appeal, staging of a cohesive society ”, will highlight the ideological part of the formula. The appeal deals mainly with social Maat. It establishes a bridge between generations, beyond life and death. The success and the longevity of the formula seems to be connected to both mundane and ideologic preoccupations

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7

Quertinmont, Arnaud. "Aux abords de la sépulture méroïtique : les approches du monument funéraire à l'époque méroïtique." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30044.

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Bien que la littérature scientifique relative aux nécropoles méroïtiques, royales ou privées, soit assez abondante, force est d'admettre qu'aucune étude globale concernant le mobilier associé au monument funéraire méroïtique bâti n'a jamais été effectuée. Ce matériel considérable n'a, en effet, été traité que sommairement dans les diverses publications, que ce soit dans le cadre général de monographies relatives à un site en particulier ou d'une façon éclectique dans des ouvrages de synthèse, des articles transversaux ou autres catalogues d'expositions temporaires. Le but du présent travail n'est pas d'opérer un recensement de tous les objets liés aux superstructures connus à ce jour, ni même de dresser une carte des traditions funéraires méroïtiques au Soudan, de nombreux travaux inédits étant toujours en cours sur plusieurs sites archéologiques, mais bien de réunir les informations disponibles sur le mobilier archéologique relatif à ces structures spécifiques. Par le biais d'une approche méthodologique multiple (archéologique, architecturale, chronologique, stylistique, typologique et religieuse) et au moyen de la restitution des objets dans leur contexte physique, nous tenterons de reconstituer une gestuelle particulière, de même que de déterminer une évolution de ces pratiques et préciser ainsi la symbolique liée aux objets concernés. Nous chercherons à comprendre quels furent les actes et les démarches pratiqués par les acteurs de la cérémonie funéraire, membres de la famille et prêtres, visant à célébrer le souvenir du défunt dans la mémoire collective. En effet, il ne faudrait pas offrir une vison réductrice du complexe funéraire et des différents rites pratiqués, comme s'ils ne s'adressait qu'au défunt. Ces différents actes et gestes sont également destinés aux vivants, en modifiant les relations qu'ils entretiennent avec le disparu, changeant ainsi son statut dans le maillage social de la société. Les différentes actions réalisées dès le scellement de la chambre funéraire sont autant d'indices sur la façon dont les Méroïtes accomplissaient leur deuil. Il conviendra tout d'abord de s'intéresser aux traditions royales et de déterminer ensuite quand et de quelle façon ces traditions ont été adoptées par les élites de l'empire de Méroé, tant au niveau de la capitale que dans le reste de l'empire. Un dépouillement des archives de fouilles, notamment celles de G.A.. Reisner, nous a permis de découvrir des photographies inédites de certaines étapes de la fouille révélant ainsi des informations de première importance quant à l'emplacement originel de certains objets, ou illustrant d'autres objets qui ne figuraient dans aucune publication parce que jugés sans réelle importance à l'époque. La présente étude, dont de nombreuses approches sont inédites, permet d'établir un état de la question de "l'égyptianisation" des élites de Méroé et de la perception de la civilisation égyptienne qu'en ont les cultures limitrophes et ce, dans les différentes couches sociales
Although the scientific literature relating to the royal or private meroitic necropolises is rather abundant, we must admit that no general study concerning furniture associated with the meroitic monument has been made. This material was only treated in various publications, such as catalogues of temporary exhibitions, monographs relative to a specific archaeological site... The aim of this work is to join together information available well on archaeological furniture relative to these specific structures. By the means of a methodological approach (archaeological, architectural, chronological, stylistic, typological and religious) and by means of the restitution of the objects in their physical context, we will try to restore the religious act, as to determine an evolution of these practices and to thus specify the symbolic system related to the objects concerned. We will seek to include/understand which were the acts and the steps practised by the actors of the funerary ceremony (family members and priests) aiming at celebrating the memory of the deceased in the collective memory. It will first of all be advisable to be interested in the royal traditions and to then determine when and how these traditions were adopted by the elites of the empire of Méroé, on the level of the capital and in the remainder of the empire. An examination of the archives of excavations, in particular those of G.A. Reisner, enabled us to discover new photographs of certain stages of the excavation thus revealing information of first importance as for the original site of certain objects, or illustrating other objects which did not appear in any publication because judged without real importance at the time. The present study, whose many approaches are new, makes it possible to establish a progress achieved, to consolidate certain ideas previously advanced in the scientific literature and again raises the question of "the egyptianisation" of the elites of Méroé and the perception of Egyptian civilization that the cultures bordering have some and this, in the various social layers

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8

區展秋 and Chin-chau Joseph Au. "Special rituals and their significance in the Royal Hong Kong Police Force." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977571.

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9

Tennant-Ogawa, Ella. "Cosmological practices in Hongkong and Japan today : a comparative study of indigenous Taoist and Shinto beliefs and practices /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13457111.

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10

Tennant-Ogawa, Ella. "Cosmological practices in Hongkong and Japan today: a comparative study of indigenous Taoist and Shintobeliefs and practices." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950425.

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11

Bruner, David E. "Symbols for the living synthesis, invention, and resistance in 19th to 20th century mortuary practices from Montgomery and Harris County, Texas /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.

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Tsang, Kwok-yung. "A study of the ceremonial procession of the Eastern Mountain Emperor of the Song period Song dai Dong yue da di chu xun yi zhang yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31951508.

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Chang, Jincang. "Zhou dai li su yan jiu." Haerbin Shi : Heilongjiang ren min chu ban she, 2005.

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14

Fordham, Graham S. "Protestant Christianity and the transformation of northern Thai culture : ritual practice, belief and kinship /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf712.pdf.

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15

Zuraw, John A. "Ecclesiastical funeral rites a change in law and perspective /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1999. http://www.tren.com.

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16

Howard, Thomas M. "Rites of passage a paradigm for adolescent transformation /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.

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17

Caswell, Glenys. "A sociological exploration of funeral practices in three Scottish sites tradition, personalisation and the reflexive individual /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=33523.

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18

Tawiah, Augustine. "Critical contextualization in Ghana the case of Akan funeral rites and ceremonies /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p018-0106.

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19

Hasan, Shah M. "Leading rites : an examination of ritualization in faculty leadership /." View abstract, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3191704.

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20

Briggs, Dorothy Ann Fischer 1958. "The practice of the Kinaalda' on the north/central part of the Navajo reservation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276588.

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A descriptive study concerning the Navajo Puberty Ceremony for girls, the Kinaalda', examined the extent of the practice of the ceremony, and the frequency in which the girls who have had the ceremony and the girls who have not had the ceremony differ in traditional characteristics. Fifty-four percent of the girls questioned have had the Kinaalda'. Significant differences between the girls who had the ceremony and those who had not had the ceremony were found, using a chi square test of significance at an alpha level of .05, in the frequency of a set of traditional characteristics. The Kinaalda' girl possessed the set of traditional qualities more frequently than the non-Kinaalda' girl.

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21

Karianjahi, Muhia M. "Constructing Christian rites of passage that enhance community in East African churches." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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22

Ntombana, Luvuyo. "An investigation into the role of Xhosa male initiation in moral regeneration." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1006265.

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This research study in Mdantsane (East London), Whittlesea (Hewu), Njiveni (Libode) and Cala sought to investigate the role of the amaXhosa male initiation in moral regeneration focusing on socio-cultural, educational and religious aspects related to moral values. The role of the amaXhosa male initiation as a rite of passage from boyhood to manhood, how it was viewed in the past, its impact upon the initiates and its contribution to the moral upholding of values were investigated. It was further intended to establish whether westernisation and urbanisation brought a shift of meaning and emphasis to the current initiation practice and, if so, to what extent has the ceremony departed from traditional norms and what challenges the ceremony has to face at present. A qualitative research method involving an ethnographic study was utilised, which includes in-depth, semi-structured interviews (formal interviews and informal discussions) and participant observation. Research findings suggested that in the past the amaXhosa male initiation played a role in the instruction of moral values. However, this study identified a shift of meaning in the practice which has been more evident in urban than in rural areas. The shift suggested that the instruction role has changed in prominence and there is less emphasis on teaching and appropriate adult behaviour. Moreover that the amakhankatha, who had the major role in teaching of the initiates are now participating in making the role less effective and sometimes introducing influences that are destructive to the initiates. Such negative influences include abuse of alcohol and drugs, promiscuity among the youth and disobedience of elders. It is argued that revisiting the teachings surrounding male initiation may cultivate productive debates on how young males are taught morality in today's society. Furthermore, that if the Xhosa male initiation could be contextualised it can play a role in the instruction of boys as they graduate to manhood and that can contribute to moral regeneration in South Africa.

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Tsang, Kwok-yung, and 曾國勇. "A study of the ceremonial procession of the Eastern Mountain Emperor of the Song period." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951508.

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Ramanyimi, Nyadzani Florence. "Tsenguluso ya mbulungo ya Tshevenda." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2317.

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Thesis (M.ED.) --University of Limpopo, 2008
The research covers the way the Vhavenḓa people bury their dead. Although the emphasis is on Tshivenḓa burials, the study has also examined the way burials are undertaken in other cultures such as Xhosa, Sotho, Indians, Xitsonga, Hindu, Greek and Muslim culture. The study shows that burials in Tshivenḓa are characterized by peculiar features. For instance the way the royal people are buried is different from the way the ordinary people are laid to rest. In addition, there are also special rituals that must be performed when children, women and men are buried. The study also includes to the fact that mordernity, has an impact on the manner in which the Vhavenḓa conduct their burials. In the past burials where cheap to conduct whereas these days they are relatively expensive. Lastly, the study has discovered that both old and modern forms of burials have advantages and disadvantages. It is, therefore, crucial for people to utilize the advantages of both the afore mentioned types of burial.

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Qin, Bairong. "Dang dai Zhongguo de ai guo zhu yi biao yan : zai Hunan Miluo ji nian Qu Yuan /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202006%20QIN.

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He, Xinying, and 何欣縈. "Tradition vs. authenticity : the intangible cultural heritage of the Nianli Festival at Zaohu temple." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208073.

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The Gaozhou area in Guangdong province has been recorded in history since the Qin (秦) dynasty. In these historical records, there are various kinds of traditional cultural practices passed from ancient times to modern days. Some of these practices represent the cultural tradition of southwestern Guangdong region and they are a combination of the Cantonese and Hakka cultural heritage. One of such combined Cantonese-Hakka heritage is Nianli, a most important festival taken by local people as the most important event in the year. However, few scholars pay attention to the Nianli Festival as an important representative cultural heritage. Hence, it is valuable to look the Nianli Festival and find out what are the intangible cultural values that make it so treasured by villagers that it is a widespread practice in southwestern Guangdong. The scope of the research is about how the Nianli Festival could be considered as intangible cultural heritage. On this basis, we can discuss further about the authenticity and the core values that have to be considered when protecting the heritage. The focus is about the tradition of the Nianli（年例）Festival. Nianli is a traditional practice popular among southwestern Guangdong, and in this dissertation, the case is adopting a villages communities surrounding the Zaohu Temple（皂湖庙）. The methodology of the research is by using cultural mapping to map the oral history and practice of villagers from the Zaohu Temple community about their Nianli Festival.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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Heilskov, Mads Vedel. "The commemoration of the lay elite in the late medieval Danish realm, c. 1340-1536 : rituals, community and social order." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=239397.

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The dissertation focuses on the role of liturgical commemoration of the dead in the continuous creation and maintenance of the hierarchal social order in late medieval Denmark. It argues that the ritualized practices enacted by religious experts on behalf of dead benefactors and their families played a crucial role in what can be called the world-building process. Liturgical commemoration can be described as a total phenomenon as it contains elements of legal, religious, social, economic and existential concerns. By its totality, this phenomenon opens a unique window onto the entire social reality of the late medieval period and the medieval mind. On the basis of theological treatises, liturgical commentaries, liturgical books, mainly breviaries, manuals, martyrologies, necrologies, foundation charters and wills from medieval Denmark, many of which only available in their original manuscript form, as well as material evidence such as tomb monuments, church and cemetery architectures and liturgical objects, the dissertation investigates how a specific Christian ideology of the social order, bound up on notions of this order being a creation of God, infused the many-faceted practice of liturgical commemoration. My analysis shows that the organizational principle by which the dead were placed in the layout of the sacred books and the sacred spaces were in accordance to the layout of the society of the living which in turn was in accordance with the hierarchy of the saints, after which the entire Christian society was modelled. In this way the social hierarchies were supported, legitimized and reproduced in the liturgical commemoration of the dead members of the Christian community. The elite did not abuse the Christian belief and the Church did not simply serve as an ideological vehicle to support and legitimize power. Rather, I argue that medieval society was formed by religious belief and that everything was explained, experienced and understood by means of the Christian cosmology. This is why the very production of the texts that were used to commemorate the dead in the daily office and at mass, why the ritual practices, their choreographies and objects and the sacred spaces and architectures were permeated by a specific Christian view of society - a view that was indeed hierarchical, but also deeply rooted in the Christian cosmology.

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Kelm, Bonnie G. "Art openings as celebratory tribal rituals /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487327695622295.

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Jackson, Jonathan Carl. "Reforming the dead the intersection of socialist merit and agnatic descent in a Chinese funeral home /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1610650261&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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30

Jancarz, Janusz. "Use of Psalms in the funeral rites of the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Episcopal churches in the United States of America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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31

McIntyre, Mary Cortney. "Birthing centers as ritual spaces : the embodiment of compliance and resistance under one roof : a case study /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8691.

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Ivory, Brian T. "A phenomenological inquiry into the spiritual qualities and transformational themes associated with a self-styled rite of passage into adulthood." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1055769211.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 474 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 461-474). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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Maudsley, Catherine Ruth. "Ritual meanings of "water and land" : a study of Buddhist cermonial paintngs [sic] of the Song and Yuan dynasties /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19882166.

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Schaareman, Danker. "Tatulingga tradition and continuity : an investigation in ritual and social organization in Bali /." Basel : Ethnologisches Seminar der Universität und Museum für Völkerkunde : In Kommission bei Wepf, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/16270286.html.

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35

Azizi, Souad. "Ceremonies de mariage en changement dans le grand agadir, sous, maroc." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0075.

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Les rites de mariage marocains qui se caracterisaient par une importante variete regionale accusent une tendance a l'uniformisation qui se traduit par la generalisation d'un rituel vestimentaire provenant des villes imperiales. L'enquete a ete menee dans le grand agadir. Ce travail s'articule autour de deux hypotheses : 1) la perennite de configurations culturelles communes a tous les marocains assure la diffusion du rituel contemporain ; 2) la famille royale a contribue a sa legitimation. La premiere partie est consacree aux rites traditionnels du sous. La deuxieme porte sur le processus de changement dans le grand agadir. Il apparait que le rituel contemporain assure la perennite des traditions tout en creant une illusion d'evolution. Les familles gardent le controle de la virginite feminine assurant ainsi la permanence de la suprematie masculine et la soumission du couple. Si elle constitue une innovation, l'identification de la mariee aux princesses n'annule pas la reification du corps feminin. Traditionnellement, la legitimation populaire du pouvoir monarchique se traduisait par l'identification du marie au sultan. Ce rite d'intronisation exprimait la possibilite d'accession au pouvoir de tout homme fort. L'actuelle identification de la mariee aux princesses reduit le marie a la position subalterne de gendre et fait du roi le pere omnipotent. Le rituel assure ainsi la perennite de la soumission de l'homme au pouvoir. Le rituel national emergent constitue une demonstration de la force de l'identite marocaine et consacre l'ouverture maitrisee aux influences de l'occident et de l'orient. Cette etude permet d'observer le processus d'uniformisation culturelle dans une societe qui se caracterisait par le cloisonnement de ses sous-groupes et le passage de coutumes locales au statut de symboles nationaux
The matrimonial rituals of morocco wich were characterized by an important regional variety tend to standardization through the generalization of a clothing ritual coming from the imperial cities. The research has been carried in the grand agadir. Two hypotheses are proposed : 1) the permanence of cultural configurations shared by all moroccans ensures the diffusion of the contemporary ritual ; 2) the royal family has contributed to its legitimation. The first part studies the traditionnal rites of the sous, the second investigates change process in the grand agadir. It appears that the contemporary ritual secures the permanence of traditions while creating an illusion of evolution. The families keep control over feminine virginity thus ensuring the permanence of male suprematy and the couple's submission. The identification of the bride to the princesses is an innovation but it does not annihilate the treatment of woman like an object. Traditionnally, the popular legitimation of monarchy was signified by the identification of the bridegroom to the sultan. This ritual enthronment expressed the capacity of every srong man to accede to power. The present identification of the bride to the princesses reduces the bridegroom to the subordinate rank of son-in-law and makes of the king the omnipotent father. The ritual thus secures the permanence of man's submission to the royal power. The emerging national ritual is a demonstration of the strength of moroccan identity and a confirmation of the controlled opening to the influences of the occident and the orient. This study permits to observe the process of cultural uniformization in a society wich was characterized by the division of its sub-groups and the passage of local customs to the status of national symbols

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36

McKinnon, Kent A. "Bringing comfort to those in grief through counseling and the Christian funeral." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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37

Evison, Gillian Anne. "Indian death rituals : the enactment of ambivalence." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:85f22493-a5cf-4611-aa49-a7cf179993ad.

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This work provides a survey of Indian funeral rites, concentrating on ceremonies performed by rural mainland Hindus, who have been divided into the broad social categories of brahmins, caste Hindus and outcastes/tribes. The primary intention is to identify a core of ritual, which can be used as a baseline against which particular funeral performances can be checked. This work also examines the variation of brahminical ritual over time through a survey of ethnographic material taken from Gazetteers and Government Ethnographic Surveys; the Purāṇas, represented by a version of the Garuḍa Purāṇa and a work known as the Garuḍa Purāṇa Sāroddāra; and Caland's summary of Vedic ritual in Die altindischen Todten- und Bestattungsgebräuche. In each of these three sections the funeral rituals have been divided into six stages and these stages have been further divided into sub-sections containing specific rituals or groups of rituals. Sections on untimely death and the role of the widow in her husband's funeral are also included. Particular emphasis is placed throughout the historical survey on the recurrent theme of ambivalence towards death as reflected both in ritual and its interpretation: the relative is loved and honoured but the corpse is frightening and quickly becomes disgusting. The survey examines the relationship between the primary emotional response to death and secondary ideological constructs, and it reveals that while ritual reflects the emotional response to death it does not always reflect secondary ideology. In addition this work includes a summary, in table form, of the variation of funeral ritual according to geographical area for all three social groups; again taken from the ethnographic material of the Gazetteers and Government Surveys.

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38

Marchini, Antoine-Noble. "A propos de la casinca, mediterraneens, corses des gens et des pays de france : l'histoire (1770-1968). individus, familles, cours de la vie dans les aleas de la transition." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2041.

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Cette recherche est batie autour d'une histoire en trois temps. Durant la seconde moitie du xviiie siecle, epoque moderne, les menages se construisent dans le cadre de la famille nucleaire. Au cours du xixe siecle, s'opere un renversement au cours duquel la famille elargie ou le groupe complexe deviennet le modele dominant des menages. Ce recours massif aux solidarites familiales s'accompagne d'un "etouffement" de l'individu qui participe a l'invention d'une tradition car subordonne au groupe. Cette tradition recente sert de reference durant le xxe siecle travaille par l'emergence de nouvelles formes d'individualisme. Cette histoire s'inscrit dans une transition politique dominee par la construction historique francaise. Les donnees reunies autour de cet exemple mediterraneen permettent de saisir l'originalite et la nature profonde de l'architecture francaise dans le devenir de l'europe. La casinca, ancien paese, devient un "pays de france" au cours du xixe siecle et se presente comme le miroir d'un projet esthetique ou le politique se definit dans l'organisation de la vie, des sociabilites servie par une economie de l'emotion : gouts, saveurs, qualite, paysages autant de marqueurs d'identite dans une production nationale reduisant les mediations territorialisees
This research is organized around three phases. During the second half of the eighteenth century, caracterized by its modernity, nuclear family is the dominant form of households. Along the nineteenth century, the dominant pattern is changing with the spreading of complex forms. The individual participates to the invention of a tradition because he is submitted to the family group. This recent tradition is a reference during the twentieth century but new forms of individualism appear. This mouvement enlightens a political transition dominated by the french historical construction. Several datas around this mediterranean case allow to understand the originality of the french architecture in the dynamics of europe. Casinca, old "paese", becomes a "pays de france" and is a mirror of an aesthetic project. This one involves a meaning of politics as organisation of life including a sociability stimulated by an economy for emotion : tastes, savours, quality, landscapes. .

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39

Suriano, Matthew James. "The formulaic epilogue for a king in the Book of Kings in the light of royal funerary rites in ancient Israel and the Levant." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1679385691&sid=32&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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40

Bond, Anne Cecilia. "Towards rituals in the Holy Land." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.

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41

Sutjiono, Rohana Joshua. "The relevance and effectiveness of the curricula of theological institutions in Indonesia in addressing ministry issues related to Islamic and animistic rituals." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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42

Werlang, Guilherme. "Emerging peoples : Marubo myth-chants." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11121.

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This thesis explores the ontological grounds of the interrelations between music and myth among the Marubo, one of the several native peoples of the Pano linguistic family who live not far from the adventitious border between Brazil and Peru, in South Western Amazonia. The thesis lies within the disciplinary boundaries of social anthropology but, inasmuch as it focuses on myth and music, its theoretical and methodological limits overlap any discipline that may relate to these two themes. In brief, it portrays the Marubo as they express themselves and are themselves expressed in their saiti festivals and myth-chants. In their native language, saiti designates a specific festival where myths are performed in a specific musical and choreographic form, the form that establishes the ontological origins of these peoples and those of the world where they live.

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43

Ren, Joseph. "Chinese ancestral rites and eucharistic celebration towards liturgical inculturation in China /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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44

Petit, Pierre. "Rites familiaux, rites royaux: étude du système cérémoniel des Luba du Shaba, Zaïre." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212757.

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45

Harrison, Henrietta. "State ceremonies and political symbolism in China, 1911-1929." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670261.

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46

連劭名 and Shaoming Lian. "The Sui, Fu, Yu, and Bai sacrifice ceremonies recorded indivination inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31235992.

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47

Mathew, Philip. "A comparative study of funeral rites in the Byzantine and West Syrian traditions." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p015-0460.

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48

Edwald, Ágústa. "From Iceland to New Iceland : an archaeology of migration, continuity and change in the late 19th and early 20th centuries." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=189429.

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49

Rossi, Walter R. "The use of "Ritual Church sui iuris" in canons 111 and 112 of the 1983 Code of canon law." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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50

Rabenirina, Jean-Jacques. "Le rituel mobilisateur de la circoncision savatsy ou cérémonie de circoncision chez les Antanosy de Soamanonga /." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42974523.html.

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