Relevant bibliographies by topics / Risk-shifting

Academic literature on the topic 'Risk-shifting'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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Sonnenberg, Amnon, and Gennadiy Bakis. "Risk Shifting in Gastroenterology." Gastro Hep Advances 1, no. 4 (2022): 517–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2022.02.019.

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최시열, 안성필, and Gwangheon Hong. "Risk Shifting and Asset Volatility." KOREAN JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 32, no. 4 (December 2015): 177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.22510/kjofm.2015.32.4.007.

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STAHL, DULCELINA A. "Risk Shifting in Subacute Care." Nursing Management (Springhouse) 27, no. 7 (July 1996): 20???23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-199607000-00004.

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Eisdorfer, Assaf. "Risk-shifting and investment asymmetry." Finance Research Letters 7, no. 4 (December 2010): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2010.05.005.

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Li, Keming, Jimmy Lockwood, and Hong Miao. "Risk-shifting, equity risk, and the distress puzzle." Journal of Corporate Finance 44 (June 2017): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2017.04.003.

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Çizakça, Murat. "Risk sharing and risk shifting: An historical perspective." Borsa Istanbul Review 14, no. 4 (December 2014): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2014.06.001.

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Chan, Su Han, Fang Fang, and Jing Yang. "Presales, Leverage Decisions, and Risk Shifting." Journal of Real Estate Research 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 475–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2014.12091399.

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Dunham, Lee M. "Risk Shifting and Mutual Fund Performance." CFA Digest 42, no. 1 (February 2012): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/dig.v42.n1.8.

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Danielova, Anna N., Sudipto Sarkar, and Gwangheon Hong. "Empirical Evidence on Corporate Risk-Shifting." Financial Review 48, no. 3 (July 4, 2013): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fire.12010.

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Indyk, Debbie, and Sarit A. Golub. "The Shifting Locus of Risk-Reduction." Social Work in Health Care 42, no. 3-4 (June 19, 2006): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j010v42n03_08.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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Loktionov, Yuri V. "Does accounting quality mitigate risk shifting?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58377.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-62).
This study examines the effect of financial reporting quality on risk shifting, an investment distortion that is caused by shareholders' incentives to engage in high-risk projects that are detrimental to debt holders. I use asymmetric timeliness to proxy for a dimension of accounting quality that is particularly useful to debt holders. Asymmetric timeliness is expected to improve debt holders' ability to effectively monitor the management's actions and to discipline the managers when necessary. I predict that the effect of accounting quality on risk shifting will be stronger in firms with poor information environment, in distressed firms, in cash-rich firm, and after the adoption of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. I also expect this effect to vary based on the firm's source of debt. The results are consistent with the predictions and robust to alternative measures of risk shifting, accounting quality, distress risk, and various control variables.
by Yuri V. Loktionov.
Ph.D.
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Hallahan, Terrence Anthony, and terry hallahan@rmit edu au. "Issues in investment risk: a supply-side and demand-side analysis of the Australian managed fund industry." RMIT University. Economics, Finance and Marketing, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20061206.095924.

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The investment management industry has proven to be a fertile ground for theoretical and empirical research over the past forty years, particularly in relation to the nature and quantification of risk. However, the dominance of the U.S. industry has meant that much of the academic research has focused on the U.S. market. This thesis investigates aspects of investment risk using alternative data to that used in much of the prior published research. This thesis contains an extensive analysis of aspects of risk related to both the demand side and the supply side of the managed funds market in Australia. Among the demand side characteristics, attitudes towards risk and their impact on asset allocation decisions will be an important determinant of investors' financial well-being, particularly in retirement. Accordingly, the first part of the thesis examines the financial risk tolerance of investors, exploring the relationship between subjective financial risk tolerance and a range of demographic characteristics that are widely used as a basis for heuristically derived estimates of investors' attitudes towards financial risk. The second part of the thesis contains an analysis of the supply side of the industry, focusing on risk-shifting behavior by investment fund managers. Since the time when performance and risk-shifting behavior of fund managers was first put under the spotlight 40 years ago, it is possible to identify an evolving strand in the research where performance assessment is examined within the framework of the principal-agent literature. One focus that has emerged in this literature is the adaption of the tournament model to the analysis of investment manager behavior, wherein it is hypothesized that fund managers who were interim losers were likely to increase fund volatility in the latter part of the assessment period to a greater extent than interim winners. Against this background, the second part of the thesis examines risk-shifting behavior by Australian fund managers. Both the ability of fund managers to time the market and the applicability of the tournament model of funds management to a segment of the Australian
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Gamber, Edward. "Empirical identification of the risk shifting aspect of labor market implicit contracts." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50019.

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Much of the recent work in the area of implicit contract theory hypothesizes that firms and workers differ in their attitudes towards risk. The optimal wage and employment contract calls for shifting some of the risk associated with a randomly fluctuating marginal product of labor from the more risk averse party to the less risk averse party. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the empirical implications of this risk shifting hypothesis. In particular, the following question is addressed: "How can we empirically identify whether risk shifting is occurring in the labor market?” Chapter 2 explores this question in the context of an implicit contract model with nominal variables and a randomly fluctuating price level. Under the usual assumption of risk neutral firms and risk averse workers the implications of the model are refuted by the industry level nominal wage stylized facts. Under the assumption that risk neutral workers insure risk averse firms the model is capable of explaining the stylized facts about the co-movements in nominal wages and employment. Chapter 3 explores this question in the context of a long-term implicit contract model with bankruptcy constraints. It is shown that if risk neutral firms insure risk averse workers then the real wage will respond asymmetrically to permanent and temporary revenue function disturbances. In particular, the real wage will respond more to a given permanent shock than to a temporary shock of the same size. Chapter 4 empirically tests this asymmetric wage response implication. A frequency domain technique is developed for decomposing a measure of revenue function disturbances into its permanent and temporary components and the real wage is regressed on each component. A sample of 12 4-digit SIC code industries are tested. The industry wage responses are estimated separately and as a system of seemingly unrelated regressions. Estimated separately, the results support the asymmetric response implication for 7 of the 12 industries at the .10 level of significance and 6 of the 12 industries at the .05 level. Estimated as a system the joint asymmetric response hypothesis is supported at the .01 level of significance for the 12 industries.
Ph. D.
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Patra, Sudip. "Essays in bank dividend signaling, smoothing and risk shifting under information asymmetry and agency conflict." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2019. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/41017/.

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The current thesis is a collection of essays on costly signaling, smoothing (partial adjustment), and risk shifting through various pay outs by bank holding firms. The thesis is based on three chapters, or sections, which are through econometric investigations on the above mentioned topics. The major findings of the investigations are, one, a detailed firm level information content analysis of costly signaling by banks via different pay out methods, two, that partial adjustment or smoothing via pay outs can also be perceived as costly signals which is based on the information content of allied measures like bank specific speed of adjustments, and half-life periods, three, that rather than dividend pay outs share repurchases play relatively significant role in risk shifting exhibited by banking firms. Chapter 1 is devoted to the analysis of different types of dividend and other pay out signaling under information asymmetry (between the outsider shareholders of banks and the insider managers), and impact of various bank specific variables on the levels of pay outs/ signaling, thus revealing the information content of such signaling. Both panel data analysis and vector auto regression analysis have been conducted to achieve these findings. Another finding in this section is a comparative analysis between share repurchases and dividend pay outs by bank holding firms. Chapter2 is devoted to the investigation of bank specific partial adjustments of dividends, a modified partial adjustment model is used which is capable of investigating bank specific speeds of adjustments and half-life periods which may vary over periods. Such a model is an improvement over basic smoothing models in the standard literature which have mainly investigated the industry average speed of adjustment, and hence less efficient in investigating the bank specific information content of such measures. Chapter 3 provides analysis based on a system of equations model on, one, whether risk shifting has been exhibited by the bank holding firms for a comprehensive period between 1990-2015, and two, which are the specific pay out channels through which such risk shifting or wealth transfers have taken place.
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Althaus, Junior Adalto Acir. "A taxa de performance e o comportamento de risk shifting dos fundos de investimento em ações." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18062.

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This study aims to investigate the risk shifting behavior of mutual funds to test the hypotheses that managers have incentives to raise risk. We evaluated the effect of performance fees on the level of risk, risk shifting and mutual fund's performance to assess agency costs differences between both mutual funds - with and without performance fees. We observed the mutual fund's volatility level and its changes imposed by the managers. Volatility was estimated by a standard deviation of returns in the last 12 months. The change on the level of risk measured was the risk shifting, that is, the difference between a mutual fund's current portfolio holdings volatility and its past realized volatility, both estimated over past 12 months' period. We used a sample of 203 Brazilian mutual funds which covered the period from 2009 to 2015. We used data from stock prices, Brazilian bonds prices, BDRs prices and the characteristics of these funds. When funds have higher monthly returns, they tend to run negative risk shifting; when they have lower monthly returns, they tend to seek risk by doing positive risk shifting. When the funds decrease their risk (negative risk shifting), they tend to perform better. It is possible to ensure that the funds which charge performance fee have superior performance if compared to those that without performance fee. Also, they have greater positive risk shifting and lower negative risk shifting. However, funds that charged performance fees presented lower levels of risk. These findings suggest that the performance fee can contribute to align interests between mutual funds and their investors. These results are more in accordance to the behavior of risk-averse managers who used their stock selection or market timing ability to ensure a desirable minimum performance, rather than use maximum effort to looking for extraordinary returns.
Este trabalho investiga o comportamento do deslocamento de risco (risk shifting) nos fundos de investimento em ações e suas consequências sobre o desempenho, para examinar a hipótese de que os gestores têm incentivos para elevar o risco dos fundos. Estuda o efeito da taxa de performance sobre o desempenho, o nível de risco e o risk shifting dos fundos para identificar diferenças nos custos de agência entre os fundos que cobram e os que não cobram taxa de performance. Essa avaliação é feita observando-se o nível de risco dos fundos e as variações impostas pelo gestor em torno do nível de risco operado pelo fundo. O risco é medido pelo desvio padrão do retorno mensal realizado pelos fundos nos últimos 12 meses. O risk shifting dos fundos é medido como a diferença entre a volatilidade de um retorno mensal hipotético, estimado a partir das carteiras divulgadas pelos fundos, e a volatilidade do retorno mensal realizado, ambos sobre os últimos 12 meses. A amostra contou com dados de 203 fundos brasileiros de investimento em ações no período de 2009 a 2015. Foram utilizados dados de retorno das ações da BM&F Bovespa, títulos públicos, BDRs e cotas de fundos de investimento, além das características dos fundos. Quando os fundos têm maiores retornos mensais, tendem a fazer risk shifting negativo; quando têm menores retornos mensais; tendem a buscar risco, fazendo risk shifting positivo. Quando os fundos fazem risk shifting negativo tendem a ter desempenho melhor. É possível afirmar que os fundos que cobram taxa de performance têm desempenho superior àqueles que não cobram, fazem maiores risk shiftings positivos e menores negativos. No entanto, fundos que cobram taxa de performance apresentam menores níveis de risco. Esses achados sugerem que a taxa de performance é um instrumento capaz de contribuir no alinhamento de interesses entre os fundos de investimento em ações e seus investidores. Esses resultados estão mais alinhados com o comportamento de gestores avessos a risco, que usam sua habilidade de seleção de ativos ou market timing para garantir um desempenho mínimo desejável, em vez de imprimir esforços para buscar retornos extraordinários.
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Kurniawan, Meinanda. "Mutual fund tournaments, style drift and active returns." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123513/1/Meinanda%20Kurniawan%20Thesis.pdf.

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In this thesis, I investigate the effect of annual fund tournaments on intra-year style drift ("tournament-induced style drift") as well as its immediate effect on the fund's year-end active return (volatility). Based on a large sample of 2,194 active U.S. equity funds with a specific style from 2003 to 2014, I find the relation between style drift and tournament rank is convex, with funds appearing in the top and bottom performance quartiles having higher subsequent style drift. This finding is consistent with the convex flow-performance relation identified by Chevalier and Ellison (1997). I also document the first evidence on tournament-induced style drift. Funds in the top quartile of the mid-year tournament ranking (interim tournament winners) reduce their style drift in the latter half of the year. Conversely, funds in the bottom quartile of the mid-year tournament ranking (interim tournament losers) increase their style drift in the second half of the year. This finding suggests that style drift is a short-run behavior affected by tournament rankings. Examination of the performance effect of style drift shows that it leads to economically significant higher active return volatility. However, its effect on active return is economically insignificant. Style drift in the second half of the year by interim tournament winners and losers also have economically insignificant effect on year-end active return. Therefore, style-shifting does not create value for investors, just more risk. By viewing style drift in the context of annual fund tournaments, I shed light on the driver of style drift and its immediate consequences on the fund's active return (volatility). The results of this thesis suggest that mutual fund investors must consider style consistency together with performance when selecting funds.
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Vera-Concha, Germán E. "Expropriation, extraction, and evasion decisions in the design of taxation regimes for the natural resources industry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b55dc55d-218c-4feb-a93b-991eebb61d10.

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This dissertation provides three models pertaining expropriation and production decisions in the natural resources industries. The first two chapters are intertwined: in these, the government relies on two tools to capture the rents from privately-owned Natural Resources Companies, a corporate income tax and the possibility of expropriating the assets. A real options model is used to assess the effect that progressiveness in taxation has on the political risk of a natural resources project. In the first chapter, we discover that under certain conditions for the underlying commodity: low prices or forward curves in backwardation - the introduction of an equivalent but more progressive tax regime decreases the political risk and the corresponding deadweight loss. However, when initial prices are too high or initial futures curves are in strong contango, the introduction of a progressive tax regime ends up significantly increasing the risks. In the second chapter, producers are able to foresee the risks of expropriation and thus change their behaviour: the results are mixed. As in the previous case, with lower prices and less tendency to expropriate, the scheduling of production allows for gains in the value of the operation for the firms. More progressive tax regimes end up being detrimental to the government, which in some cases can even result in a non-stable equilibrium with the producers and governments trying to outguess each other and end up cycling both the production and the expropriation probability in order to maximise their respective expected value for the operations. This has a detrimental effect for all parties involved. Finally, the third chapter introduces the possibility that a government levies royalties over sales. The development of home-based institutions is going to affect the amount of tax evasion that a government will face and thus determine the appropriate combination of taxes that it must choose. We find that when the host country's tax and technological capacity are too low, a state has no incentives to improve its institutions and becomes trapped in a low tax, low revenue situation: what we call a Royalty Trap. We end up by showing the evolution of tax capture in Chile during the 20th century to illustrate how these concepts might be applied.
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BARBI, MASSIMILIANO. "Corporate Equity Warrant: Pricing Arbitrage-Free ed Implicazioni per la Finanza Aziendale." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/463.

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I corporate equity warrant rappresentano un affascinante metodo di finanziamento “ibrido” disponibile per le imprese. In prima approssimazione, un warrant è assimilabile ad una opzione call e, pertanto, il pricing è spesso effettuato applicando le formule di valutazione sviluppate per tali strumenti dalla teoria finanziaria. Tuttavia, la valutazione dei warrant presenta complicazioni ulteriori rispetto alla determinazione del prezzo di opzioni call, e la ragione risiede principalmente in alcuni elementi distintivi di maggiore complessità, tra cui l’effetto diluitivo del capitale esistente derivante dall’esercizio, ed il c.d. effetto “risk-shifting”, in base al quale si verifica un trasferimento di rischio sistematico dagli azionisti ai possessori di warrant, non appena questi strumenti vengono emessi. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è di analizzare il tema dell’emissione dei corporate warrant dal punto di vista della finanza d’impresa e derivare un metodo di pricing innovativo per tener conto di un fenomeno (risk-shifting effect) tuttora non considerato dalla letteratura finanziaria. Dopo aver derivato formalmente tale approccio e le formule ad esso conseguenti, il lavoro propone una simulazione teorica ed un test empirico condotto su un campione di warrant quotati sul mercato italiano. Entrambi tali verifiche dimostrano come il modello presentato incorpori una maggiore bontà previsiva del prezzo di mercato rispetto agli approcci esistenti.
Corporate equity warrants are one of the more fascinating capital-raising tools available to corporate finance officers. At a first approximation, they are option-like securities and according to this similarity, the pricing is usually performed by application of the standard option pricing theory. However, the theoretical and empirical analysis of warrants still remains an interesting research field within the finance literature. The reason is that warrants are more complex than call options. From an asset pricing point of view, the presence of some specific features (e.g., the equity dilution) prevents from using simple plain-vanilla formulas, while from a corporate finance standpoint, warrants offer several implications, principally because they affect the systematic risk of common stocks and are related to the choice of the firm’s capital structure. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse corporate warrants and address some of the main open questions about their value. In particular, after reviewing the financial literature about warrant pricing and presenting some commonly accepted formulas, the relationship between warrants and the volatility of the underlying stock return is examined. Contrarily to the classical call options, in fact, warrants affect the capital structure of the issuing firm and produce a risk-shifting effect among equity claimants. We derive an alternative approach to pricing equity warrant, embedding this risk-shifting feature, and we propose both a theoretical simulation and an empirical test based on a sample of Italian warrants proving its accuracy.
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Lim, Ivan Wen Yan. "Essays on banking." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31107.

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This thesis consists of three essays on banking in the U.S. The first two chapters study how supervisors and regulators influence bank behavior. The third chapter explores how bank CEOs allocate credit. The first chapter uses a quasi-natural experiment, the closure of regulatory offices, to identify the effects of supervision on bank behavior. Under the decentralized structure of U.S. bank supervision, banks in the same geographic area may be supervised by different regulatory offices. The chapter shows that, following the closure of a regulatory office, banks previously supervised by that office increase their solvency risk and lending compared with banks in the same counties that are supervised by a different regulatory office. Further, these banks exhibit lower risk-adjusted returns, lower asset quality, and opportunistic provisioning behavior for loan losses. Information asymmetry between banks and supervisors partly explains the results. The second chapter documents that nearly 30% of U.S. banks employ at least one board member who currently or previously served on a regulator’s advisory council or on the board of a regulator as a form of public service. The chapter shows that connections to regulators undermine regulatory discipline by decreasing the sensitivity of bank risk to capital. Connected banks are able to extract larger public subsidies than non-connected banks by shifting risk to the financial safety-net, resulting in wealth transfers from taxpayers to shareholders of risk-shifting connected banks. One potential reason for these effects is that connected banks receive preferential treatment in supervision from regulators. The third chapter uses the birthplace of U.S. bank CEOs to investigate the effect of hometown favoritism on bank business policies. Exploiting within-bank variation in distances to a CEO’s hometown, the chapter shows that banks make more mortgage and small business lending as well as branch expansions in counties that are proximate to the hometown of the CEO. This is due to the CEO’s altruistic attachment to her hometown; the effects are stronger during economic downturns, among altruistic CEOs, in poorer counties and marginal mortgage applicants. Further, hometown favoritism does not lead to worst bank performance. However, it is associated with positive economic outcomes in counties exposed to greater favoritism.
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Stoffle, Richard W. "Shifting Risks: Hoover Dam Bridge Impacts on American Indian Sacred Landscapes." Bureau of Applied Research in Applied Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298026.

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Books on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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Hovakimian, Armen. Risk-shifting by federally insured commercial banks. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Rauh, Joshua. Risk shifting versus risk management: Investment policy in corporate pension plans. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Rauh, Joshua. Risk shifting versus risk management: Investment policy in corporate pension plans. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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John, Kose. Risk-shifting incentives and signalling through corporate capital structure. New York: Salomon Brothers Center for the Study of Financial Institutions, Graduate School of Business Administration, New York University, 1987.

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John, Kose. Risk-shifting incentives and signalling through corporate capital structure. New York: Salomon Brothers Center for the Study of Financial Institutions, Graduate School of Business Administration, New York University, 1987.

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Hovakimian, Armen. How country and safety-net characteristics affect bank risk-shifting. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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name, No. Risk, culture, and health inequality: Shifting perceptions of danger and blame. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.

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1951-, Harthorn Barbara Herr, and Oaks Laury 1967-, eds. Risk, culture, and health inequality: Shifting perceptions of danger and blame. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2003.

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M, Fakrul Islam S., and South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics, eds. Shifting cultivation and its alternatives in Bangladesh: Productivity, risk, and discount rates. Kathmandu: South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics, 2007.

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Kumar, Manmohan S. Pure contagion and investors' shifting risk appetite: Analytical issues and empirical evidence. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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Nadesan, Majia. "Children, the Great Recession and Shifting Calculi of Risk." In Education and the Risk Society, 35–53. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-961-9_2.

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Moran, Peter William. "Children, the Great Recession and Shifting Calculi of Risk." In Education and the Risk Society, 55–73. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-961-9_3.

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Anbumozhi, Venkatachalam, Fukunari Kimura, and Shandre Mugan Thangavelu. "Global Supply Chain Resilience: Vulnerability and Shifting Risk Management Strategies." In Supply Chain Resilience, 3–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2870-5_1.

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Elliot, Viktor, and Ted Lindblom. "The Swedish Mortgage Market: Bank Funding, Margins, and Risk Shifting." In The Business of Banking, 35–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54894-4_3.

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Duran, Miguel A., and Ana Lozano-Vivas. "Agency Problems in Banking: Types of and Incentives for Risk Shifting." In Financial Crisis, Bank Behaviour and Credit Crunch, 53–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17413-6_4.

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Rousseau, Denise M. "The Shifting Risk for the American Worker in the Contemporary Employment Contract." In America at Work, 153–71. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983596_9.

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Greenough, Karen Marie. "Pastoralists Shifting Strategies and Perceptions of Risk: Post-crisis Recovery in Damergou, Niger." In Climate Change Management, 129–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64599-5_7.

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Garzilli, Francesca, Federica Vingelli, and Valentina Vittiglio. "Shifting Risk into Productivity: Inclusive and Regenerative Approaches Within Compromised Contexts in Peri-Urban Areas." In Regenerative Territories, 51–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78536-9_3.

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AbstractRecent international—UN-Habitat and European Environment Agency—and Italian reports have pointed out that urbanization is incessantly expanding at the expense of biodiversity and of rural lands. The radical growth of land consumption and change of land-use contribute to the increase of territorial risks and vulnerability. In particular, such phenomena are more visible within the peri-urban interface, considered as hybrid and malleable areas straddling between city and countryside realities. Even in the absence of a univocal definition, peri-urban is understood as a space where urban expansion occurs. Moreover, it emerges that such space also lacks local governance. Such uncertainty of form, identity and regulation catches the attention of a new urban agenda, which considers the peri-urban the most suitable place where to enact social, ecological and economic challenging changes. In this light, this paper aims to underline how peri-urban areas, although ecologically, socially and weak from a legislation point of view, constitute challenging territories to enact regenerative design and practices. In particular, new policies in sustainable agriculture are considered as potential solutions for the rapid soil consumption in Europe. Therefore, Campania region has been taken as our case study, because the region has a long history of agricultural practices and currently, it is closely linked to risk dynamics. It also represents an emblematic example for its innate exposure to natural hazards (related to its geological nature and geographical location), and for the ongoing man-made risks as causes of ecological and territorial damages. Moreover, land consumption in the region reached a record level in 2019, with 10% of agricultural land lost in a year (corresponding to 140,033 hectares). More than 70% of the consumed lands coincided with areas already exposed to natural hazards, both seismic and hydrogeological (Munafò, 2020). This paper assesses the results of an experimental application developed as part of the REPAiR (This research has been conducted within the framework of the European Horizon 2020 funded research “REPAiR: REsource Management in Peri-urban AReas: Going Beyond Urban Metabolism” [http://h2020repair.eu/]. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 688920. This article reflects only the author’s view. The Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains). Horizon 2020 European research project. We argue that the project results underline the relationship between the peri-urban interface and the soil regeneration through eco-innovative solutions. This has allowed us to link the spatial condition of the peri-urban with the production of waste and its subsequent recycle. This paper aims to further explore the research field experimented during REPAiR, expanding the materials available on the peri-urban and adding information with respect to the risk to which these places are linked.
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Sousa-Duarte, Fernanda. "Discourses Around Telework in the Brazilian Banking Sector: The Impact of COVID-19 in Shifting Framings of Vulnerability and Risk." In Covid-19 and the Sociology of Risk and Uncertainty, 53–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95167-2_3.

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Pandya, Jayshree. "Developed and Developing: Shifting Powers." In Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, 139–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1260-7_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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KASTENBERG, WILLIAM E., GLORIA HAUSER-KASTENBERG, and DAVID NORRIS. "SHIFTING THE PARADIGM OF RISK ANALYSIS." In Proceedings of the International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies — 29th Session. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704184_0016.

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Storms, Justin G., and Dawn M. Tilbury. "Dynamic Weight-Shifting to Reduce Rollover Risk in High Speed Mobile Manipulators." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6302.

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Small unmanned ground vehicles risk rollover at high speeds. This paper proposes use of a manipulator arm on the robot in a dynamic weight-shifting arrangement to reduce rollover risk. A simple linear control law for dynamic weight-shifting of the manipulator arm is proposed. A linear dynamic model is used to analyze the effect of the arm design (link length, mass, etc.) on the roll dynamics, and a more complex nonlinear simulation in Simulink SimMechanics is used to evaluate roll reduction for various steering angles and velocities. Simulations given the same steering input with dynamic weight-shifting showed a roll reduction factor of 12%. For the same radius turn, a roll reduction factor of 29% was observed. A 50% reduction in steering angle was used to achieve a similar turning radius with dynamic weight-shifting activated. By increasing rollover stability, dynamic weight-shifting has the potential to increase safe operating speeds for mobile robots.
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Ferguson, J., S. Costello, M. Cullen, and E. Eisen. "1600 Shifting times: recent rotational shiftwork and incident hypertension risk." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1369.

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Hattum, Koen C. van, Lars T. de Ruig, Matthijs F. M. Bos, Jarl Kind, and Hans de Moel. "Shifting from asset damage to well-being loss within flood risk management." In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.11.20.

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Ganjidoost, Amin, Karl Ivan San Luis, and Craig Daly. "Shifting to a Monetized Quantitative Approach for Risk Analysis Using Property Damages." In Pipelines 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482483.001.

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Keomanivong, Soulinny, and Linfan. "Fixed Deposit of Bank Data Analysis and Risk-Shifting Behavior at Commercial Banks." In 2021 25th International Computer Science and Engineering Conference (ICSEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsec53205.2021.9684627.

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Bracic, Jan J., Craig Malcovish, and Eugene Yaremko. "Risk Management for Lateral Channel Movement at Pipeline Water Crossings." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33632.

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Pembina Pipeline Corporation (Pembina) owns and operates close to 10,000 km of crude, natural gas liquids (NGL), and natural gas pipelines across North America, with the majority of assets in western Alberta and eastern British Columbia. The Pembina pipeline network includes over 1,600 river and stream crossings, most of which are subject to varying degrees of vertical and/or lateral erosion. 1,260 crossings were in Alberta at the onset of the study. Identifying potential lateral erosion hazards is a critical component of geohazard management program for pipeline integrity. In 2012, Pembina initiated a three-phase program to proactively address lateral-stability issues at river and stream crossings in Alberta: phase one identified and short-listed crossings that have potential lateral channel-shifting problems; phase two assessed which short-listed crossings have insufficient cover depth to accommodate the potential channel-shifting activities and ranked these crossings as high risk of exposure; and phase three will develop plans for repair and/or replacement of the high-risk crossings. Through this program, Pembina explores the significance of lateral erosion and encroachment at pipeline water crossings of various vintages, with regards to pipeline integrity. This paper provides discussion as to how crossing geohazard risks are identified, with particular emphasis on stream bank erosion, and how this fits into Pembina’s overall risk management program. As well, selected case studies are provided.
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Lesage, Ann, Robin Kay, and Diane Tepylo. "A FLIPPED CLASSROOM APPROACH TO SUPPORTING AT-RISK UNIVERSITY MATHEMATICS STUDENTS: SHIFTING THE FOCUS TO PEDAGOGY." In 12th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.1315.

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Silveira, Christina. "A Knowledge-Based Risk Management for the Utility Business Service Model." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2685.

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The digital economy needs new indicators for emergent technologies, and to establish them, a risk analysis model is deployed as an Information System Meta research method. The role of the Utility Business Service Model (UBSM) in mitigating information technology and information systems (IT/IS) risks in the business activity: assisting to understand how the virtual enterprise paradigm is shifting established values across the IT/IS value chain. The technical infrastructure for e-commerce and ebusiness share similar risks. The PMBook (Project Management Institute) risk analysis model is used to understand the risks involved in the adoption of UBSM by potential customers. This preliminary model will be part of a virtuous cycle of learning and informing. The twofold purpose of the knowledge-base risk management framework is (1) to summarise and categorise initial research finds about the use of the UBSM, and (2) survey the pace of adoption and acceptance of the UBSM as a service provision business model, which includes the application services provision (ASP) business model.
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Murchie, Stuart William, Bård Martin Tinnen, Arne Motland, Bjarte Bore, and Peter Gaballa. "Highly Instrumented Electric Line Deployed Intervention Technology Platform Provides Precise, Controlled High Expansion Completion Manipulation Capabilities." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208987-ms.

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Abstract Manipulation of downhole completion components such as formation isolation valves, inflow control valves and sliding sleeves has become a regular phase of both new well initiation and existing well production optimisation scope. This often occurs in deviated and extended reach well trajectories frequently involving mono-bore completions. Although primarily done by pressure activation, electric line deployment of linear actuators that engage with associated shifting profiles of such valves and sleeves offers a secondary means of manipulation, one that is often relied upon. Deployment of these devices through smaller ID restrictions located higher up in the completion string necessitates in-situ activated high expansion anchoring and shifting capabilities. The electric line powered tractor-stroker-shifting device toolstrings capable of high deviation conveyance coupled with precise and real-time controlled completion component manipulation are desired, providing visibility throughout the operation. Furthermore, sufficient force to cover not only the shifting specification of the valve or sleeve design but also to overcome sleeve seizing commonly encountered downhole from scale or debris infringement is necessary to maximise the certainty of these operations. The technology platform presented in this paper has been designed to provide conveyance, positioning, anchoring, and high bi-directional force and stroke generation in a slim tool architecture offering high expansion shifting capability. Its downhole logic for optimised electric and hydraulic power distribution and a high degree of instrumentation and sensors has brought reliable target search, device engagement and real-time operational visibility and control to completion manipulation operations. Extensive system integration tests done on replica valve sleeves using the full tractor-stroker-shifting device toolstring to confirm the functionality and effectiveness will be described in the paper. This has been done within a reconstructed horizontal completion configuration to confirm successful string conveyance, shifting dog engagement and stroker shifting action, collaborating toolstring sensor measurements with those incorporated in the test jig configuration. A single run multi-sleeve shifting operation carried out in the North Sea will also be described, with real-time surface readout information which allowed the engineer to better understand the in-situ situation and take immediate and controlled corrective actions, circumventing a false shift scenario due to sleeve seizing and delivering an efficient operation. The seamless integration and interaction between the tractor, stroker and shifting device that make up the full manipulation toolstring assembly presented in this paper are transformative. Tractor wheels are kept in an extended mode whilst setting the stroker anchors, aiding optimal centralisation of the toolstring throughout the stroker anchoring and manipulation sequence. This reduces the risk of the shifting dogs unlatching from the profile of the completion component being manipulated as is often the case with a sequential tool operation scenario—the intervention technology platform providing a true convey-position-inspect-act-verify ethos.
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Reports on the topic "Risk-shifting"

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Huang, Jennifer, Clemens Sialm, and Hanjiang Zhang. Risk Shifting and Mutual Fund Performance. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14903.

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Grossman, Herschel, and John Van Huyck. Nominally Sovereign Debt, Risk Shifting, and Reputation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2259.

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Hovakimian, Armen, and Edward Kane. Risk-Shifting by Federally Insured Commercial Banks. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5711.

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Rauh, Joshua. Risk Shifting versus Risk Management: Investment Policy in Corporate Pension Plans. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13240.

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Drexler, Alejandro, and Thomas B. King. Capital Constraints and Risk Shifting: An Instrumental Approach. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21033/wp-2021-13.

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Hovakimian, Armen, Edward Kane, and Luc Laeven. How Country and Safety-Net Characteristics Affect Bank Risk-Shifting. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9322.

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Angevine, Colin, Karen Cator, Babe Liberman, Kim Smith, and Viki Young. Designing a Process for Inclusive Innovation: A Radical Commitment to Equity. Digital Promise, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/86.

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This paper starts from the premise that missing from existing education R&D is a radical commitment to equity. The paper presents Inclusive Innovation, a model that reimagines authority, decision-making, and risk in the context of education R&D and provides an overarching framework for authentically engaging underrepresented stakeholders at the earliest stages and shifting their roles to leaders, participants, and beneficiaries. The power of Inclusive Innovation is that it doesn’t just invite underrepresented voices and perspectives into the innovation ecosystem; it places them at the center of it.
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Aked, Jody. Supply Chains, the Informal Economy, and the Worst Forms of Child Labour. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2021.006.

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As a cohort of people, ‘children in work’ have become critical to the everyday functioning of diverse supply chain systems. This Working Paper considers diverse commodity chains (leather, waste, recycling and sex) to explore the business realities that generate child labour in its worst forms. A review of the literature finds that occurrence of the worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in supply chain systems is contingent on the organising logics and strategies adopted by actors in both the formal and informal economies. Piecing together the available evidence, the paper hypothesises that a supply chain system is sensitive to the use of WFCL when downward pressure to take on business risk cannot be matched by the economic resilience to absorb that risk. Emergencies and persistent stressors may increase risk and reduce resilience, shifting norms and behaviour. There is a need for further work to learn from business owners and workers in the informal economy.
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Weller, Joshua, Gulbanu Kaptan, Rajinder Bhandal, and Darren Battachery. Kitchen Life 2. Food Standards Agency, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.wom249.

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The aim of the Kitchen Life 2 project is to identify the key behaviours relating to food safety that occur in domestic and business kitchens, as well as the factors that may reduce the likelihood to enact recommended food safety and hygiene behaviours. The outcomes will inform risk assessment and development of hypotheses for behavioural interventions. The goal of this literature review was to ensure that the research design and fieldwork techniques identify existing key behaviours, actors, triggers and barriers in domestic and business kitchens to develop successful behavioural interventions and risk assessment models. Additionally, we have included the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic and national lockdowns on food safety practices in domestic and business kitchens. This addition is important because FSA policy response to the pandemic should address the needs of both consumers and food businesses due to reduced ability to deliver inspection and enforcement activities, business diversification (for example, shifting to online delivery and takeaway), increasing food insecurity, and change in food consumption behaviours (for example, cooking from scratch) (FSA, 2020).
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Shifting support for inequitable gender norms among young Indian men to reduce HIV risk and partner violence. Population Council, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv13.1004.

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