Journal articles on the topic 'Risk of failure'

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1

Hunter, John, and Natalia Isachenkova. "Failure risk." Journal of Policy Modeling 23, no. 5 (July 2001): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-8938(01)00064-3.

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2

Wood, William C. "Teaching Systemic Risk." International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management 4, no. 4 (October 2015): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrcm.2015100104.

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This article shows how an in-class simulation can be used to teach the joint failure probability of statistically independent failures, and then to teach the more complex problem of system or “common-mode” failure. The technique has many potential applications, but here focuses on bank failures as a readily accessible application. This teaching simulation has been successfully presented to diverse audiences since 2011. The original audience consisted of high school, community college and university instructors and the case has since been taught to additional continuing education groups and 400-level Economics students.
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3

DEMERS, ELIZABETH, and PHILIP JOOS. "IPO Failure Risk." Journal of Accounting Research 45, no. 2 (May 2007): 333–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679x.2007.00236.x.

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4

Weiss, Edward P. "Heart Failure Risk." Circulation: Heart Failure 7, no. 4 (July 2014): 549–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001459.

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5

Arasteh, Hossein, Gholamreza Saeedi, and Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi Farsangi. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF LONGWALL MINING DUE TO COAL FACE FAILURE." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 37, no. 5 (2022): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.5.4.

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Face failure is a typical phenomenon in longwall coal mines that can have a wide range of consequences. Face failure, which includes wall spall and roof collapse occurrences, is a hazardous virus that, if not managed, spreads fast across all stages of coal mining and has the potential to disable the mine. Based on this research, face failure may have a detrimental influence on technical, environmental, community, safety, and economic concerns, and its negative effects will leave an unfavourable legacy for the future. As a result, these impacts can be mitigated by effective management and risk management approaches. The quantitative and qualitative face failure risk model provided in this study has a considerable potential as a suitable tool for decision makers to analyse failure risk. Face failure-related high-risk variables can be discovered using this approach, which also makes comparing various mines easier from a face failure aspect. For validation, the model was evaluated in the Parvadeh, Negin and Pabedana coal mines. The study’s findings revealed that Parvadeh’s face failure risk factor was 5058, indicating a high risk in this mine due to mechanized mining. Furthermore, the scores of the Negin and Pabedana mines were computed as 3019 and 3165, respectively, indicating that they were in the moderate risk category owing to traditional mining.
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Dao, Uyen, Zaman Sajid, and Yahui Zhang. "Risk Assessment of Oil and Gas Pipelines Failure in Vietnam." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 15, no. 2 (May 2023): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2023.v15.1215.

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Pipelines in the oil and gas industry have been used as one of the most practical and inexpensive methods for large-scale oil and gas transportation. In harsh operating conditions, these pipelines are susceptible to failure, which causes leakage of oil and gas and a significant impact on the environment and economy. Therefore, operational failure risk in oil and gas pipelines is paramount. This paper proposes a model to study the risk assessment of natural gas release in onshore gas pipelines in Vietnam. The methodology analyzes the causes of the failure of the gas pipeline by integrating Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and fuzzy theory. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the level of uncertainty. The study identifies 21 risk factors that lead to the failure of the pipelines. The results of a case study on two pipelines in Vietnam reveal that the risk of pipeline failure due to rupture is higher than the failure risk due to puncture. Results also show that corrosion has lower chances of pipeline failure. However, it carries catastrophic consequences.
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7

Day, Kristine E., Christopher M. Discolo, Jeremy D. Meier, Bethany J. Wolf, Lucinda A. Halstead, and David R. White. "Risk Factors for Supraglottoplasty Failure." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 146, no. 2 (October 10, 2011): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811425652.

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Objective. To review outcomes after supraglottoplasty for laryngomalacia and identify risk factors for supraglottoplasty failure. Study Design. Case series with chart review. Setting. Tertiary care children’s hospital. Subjects and Methods. Retrospective case series evaluating patient outcomes after supraglottoplasty at an academic medical center between 2004 and 2010. Surgical failure was defined as need for revision surgery, tracheostomy tube placement, or gastrostomy tube insertion. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for failure. Results. The authors identified 95 children who underwent supraglottoplasty. After excluding patients with inadequate follow-up data, 74 patients were included. On the basis of chart review, 12 (16%) of those patients were defined as failures according to the criteria above. Age, history of prematurity (<34 weeks’ gestational age), weight, growth curve percentile, neurologic/developmental problems, genetic syndrome, cardiac abnormality, synchronous airway lesions, and surgical technique were considered in risk factor analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed, revealing history of prematurity to be the only independent risk factor for failure (odds ratio = 4.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-22.1; P = .041). Conclusions. Outcomes after supraglottoplasty were comparable to previous reports in the literature. History of prematurity should be considered a risk factor for surgical failure.
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8

Tu, Wen Wen, Yuan Zeng, Peng Li, and He Huang. "Risk Assessment of Cascading Failure Based on Serious Failure Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 4525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4525.

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Based on the theory and methods of early evolution rule of cascading failure, the paper puts forward a kind of cascading failure selection and risk analysis method basing on the system failure severity, which can availably take consideration of the interplay of the before and after fault as well as the cumulative effect between successive failures. IEEE RTS-79 system is taken as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
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9

Guo, Yuanyuan, Youchao Sun, and Longbiao Li. "Research on probabilistic risk assessment of aeroengine rotor failure." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 234, no. 16 (May 20, 2020): 2337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410020926662.

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The failure of aeroengine rotor will cause a great threat to the flight safety. A new risk assessment model to assess the possibility and severity of failure of aeroengine rotor is presented addressing the problems that its failure samples are not sufficient and that early potential failures are not easy to recognize. The key point of this model is to determine the risk mechanism with diverse failures, failure phase, failure process, historical failure time, and check interval. The risk mechanism is to determine the failure is in the state of relevant failure or not. The failure phases are divided from initial operational state to potential failure and eventually developed to functional failure. The failure process is to confirm possible cascading failure of parts at the same level or of systems. Historical failure time is useful to describe the tendency of failure in the future by Weibull distribution, which is very suitable to depict the rule of mechanical parts failure. Considering check intervals makes the model more complete. These factors to be considered in risk modeling are complete. The relationship has been simulated between failure process and check interval of engine rotor. The risk assessment flowchart of engine rotor has been established after determining failure correlation including nonrelevant failure and relevant failure to another part. The primary failure probability has been predicted through Monte Carlo simulation. In the case of aircraft bursting into flames due to fuel tank breakdown resulted from turbine disk debris, the probability and process model of relevant turbine debris failure have been established through the cartridge receiver, airfoil, fuel tank in sequence. The relevant failure risk of engine part has been evaluated to ensure the safe operation of aeroengine. The aeroengine rotor failure risk model will have great significance in eliminating potential failure and reducing sudden failure.
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10

Al Qabtan, Abdullah Mohammed, Mohammed Said Dad Allah AlZadjali, and Omran Omar AL Balushi. "Managing Transformers Risk through Failure Codification." Journal of Energy - Energija 69, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/202069339.

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The fast development and expansion of any service organizations which followed by increases in the asset numbers that’s need to have a proper maintenance strategy which should be cost effective. The aim of any strategy is to have a plan that contribute to improve asset performance by reducing downtime of asset failures.The aim of this paper is to set plan that determine the processes of creating failure code that can create a library of failure modes with its consequences and risk. This allow service provider to quickly understand the problem and any action that can be taken which have already proven by failure mode effect analysis. Also it’s identify most of the functional failures that might happened in the critical asset in the OETC’s network. In this study the transformer asset class was taken into the consideration for full failure mood and fault tree analysis.Defining failure codes can give specific instructions to complete a task to reduce the main time to wait in any failure from the total main time to repair, and any smiler failure mode from other assets the corrective action will remain consistent. The selective processes of creating a failure code give the organization a more holistic view of transformers risk which will be used to improve maintenance strategy by integrate those codes into work order system like CMMS
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11

Hu, Rui. "Cascading Failure Risk Assessment Considering Protection System Hidden Failures." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications 4, no. 2 (2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20160402.13.

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12

Louis, Sarah. "The risk of failure." 5 to 7 Educator 2005, no. 13 (December 2005): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ftse.2005.5.1.20109.

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13

Kobayashi, Hideo. "Risk Management and Failure." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 103, no. 980 (2000): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.103.980_449.

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14

Uijl, Alicia, Stefan Koudstaal, Ilonca Vaartjes, Jolanda M. A. Boer, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Arno W. Hoes, and Ivonne Sluijs. "Risk for Heart Failure." JACC: Heart Failure 7, no. 8 (August 2019): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2019.03.009.

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15

Duru, Ugochukwu I., Princewill M. Ikpeka, Chiziterem Ndukwe-Nwoke, A. O. Arinkoola, and Stanley I. Onwukwe. "QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF SAND ON MULTIPHASE FLOW IN PIPELINE." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 37, no. 4 (2022): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.4.4.

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The presence of sand particles flowing along with reservoir fluids in a pipeline increases the probability of pipeline failure. The risk of pipeline failure is either accentuated or abated by the flow conditions of the fluids in the pipeline. In this study, a quantitative risk analysis of the effect of sand on pipelines during multiphase flow, under the pipeline failure modes; sanding up, erosion, and encountering abnormal pressure gradient was conducted. Three piping components were considered: line pipe (nominal size 1.5 in [3.8 cm]), swing check valve (nominal size 12.007 in [30.5cm]) and 90 deg LR Elbow (nominal size 2.25 in [5.7cm]). Correlations that indicate the critical velocities and the critical sand concentrations above/below which these failures occur were employed and implemented in a Visual Basic program. The analysis was conducted at a temperature of 204 °C and pressure of 604 psi [4.2×106 Pa]. A probability distribution, simulating real-life scenario was developed using Monte Carlo simulation. This determines the probability of deriving critical sand concentration values that fall beyond the set statistical limits which indicates the probability of occurrence of the failure being investigated. For all three failures, the severity of occurrence (represented by CAPEX incurred in solving the failures) was multiplied with the probability of failure which gave rise to the risk indexes. Based on the histogram plot of average risk index and analysis, the study reveals that larger diameter components are prone to turbulence which lead to greater risk of erosion. The risk of abnormal pressure drop and sanding up were considerably lower than that for erosion (abrasion).
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Drożyner, Przemysław. "Risk analysis in maintenance processes." Engineering Management in Production and Services 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2020-0028.

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Abstract The article aims to present practical methods for prioritising the activities of maintenance departments based on the Pareto analysis and the failure risk analysis. Based on the collected data on the number of observed failures and their removal times, commonly known reliability indicators were determined, which were then used to estimate the probabilities and consequences of failures in terms of the risk of loss of production continuity. Based on commonly collected failure data, the developed methods allow proposing to the maintenance departments the sequence of maintenance and repair work to be undertaken in terms of minimising the risk of failure. Risk analysis is somewhat commonly used in the practice of maintenance departments (e.g. RBI, FMEA, ETA, FTE, HIRA). The added value of this work is the use of reliability indicators for estimating the values of risk components, i.e., probability and consequences. The method was developed on the basis of operational data collected in one of the plants of the dairy cooperative and, after assessing the effects of its implementation, it was implemented in other enterprises of the cooperative.
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17

MACLEAN, LEONARD C., and ALEX RICHMAN. "AGGREGATE RISK MEASURES FOR DYNAMIC SYSTEMS FROM OPERATIONAL DATA." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 19, no. 04 (August 2012): 1250019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539312500192.

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Complex systems are subject to failure with increased use and degradation. The risk process is the stochastic dynamic process of system failures and their severities. This paper considers aggregate risk measures for the risk process of complex systems in the context of stochastic ordering. The aggregation follows from the accumulation of losses from a series of failure events. The emphasis is on second-order risk measures which account for risk aversion as defined by concave utilities. A second-order measure termed the adjusted risk priority number (ARPN) is presented. The measure is constructed from well-known statistics: rate of failures, average severity of failures, and the Gini Index for severity of failures. The ARPN is contrasted with the traditional risk priority number (RPN) defined by the rate and average severity. The computation and use of the measures is illustrated with a spectrum of failure data from commercial aircraft in the USA.
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18

Swanson, Gregory P., Michael A. Hussey, Catherine M. Tangen, Joseph Chin, Edward Messing, Edith Canby-Hagino, Jeffrey D. Forman, Ian M. Thompson, and E. David Crawford. "Predominant Treatment Failure in Postprostatectomy Patients Is Local: Analysis of Patterns of Treatment Failure in SWOG 8794." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 16 (June 1, 2007): 2225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.09.6495.

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Purpose Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) trial 8794 demonstrated that adjuvant radiation reduces the risk of biochemical (prostate-specific antigen [PSA]) treatment failure by 50% over radical prostatectomy alone. In this analysis, we stratified patients as to their preradiation PSA levels and correlated it with outcomes such as PSA treatment failure, local recurrence, and distant failure, to serve as guidelines for future research. Patients and Methods Four hundred thirty-one subjects with pathologically advanced prostate cancer (extraprostatic extension, positive surgical margins, or seminal vesicle invasion) were randomly assigned to adjuvant radiotherapy or observation. Results Three hundred seventy-four eligible patients had immediate postprostatectomy and follow-up PSA data. Median follow-up was 10.2 years. For patients with a postsurgical PSA of ≤ 0.2 ng/mL, radiation was associated with reductions in the 10-year risk of biochemical treatment failure (72% to 42%), local failures (20% to 7%), and distant failures (12% to 4%). For patients with a postsurgical PSA between higher than 0.2 and ≤ 1.0 ng/mL, reductions in the 10-year risk of biochemical failure (80% to 73%), local failures (25% to 9%), and distant failures (16% to 12%) were realized. In patients with postsurgical PSA higher than 1.0, the respective findings were 94% versus 100%, 28% versus 9%, and 44% versus 18%. Conclusion The pattern of treatment failure in high-risk patients is predominantly local with a surprisingly low incidence of metastatic failure. Adjuvant radiation to the prostate bed reduces the risk of metastatic disease and biochemical failure at all postsurgical PSA levels. Further improvement in reducing local treatment failure is likely to have the greatest impact on outcome in high-risk patients after prostatectomy.
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Descœudres, Bernard, Michael T. Koller, Daniela Garzoni, Thomas Wolff, Juerg Steiger, Stefan Schaub, and Michael Mayr. "Contribution of Early Failure to Outcome on Peritoneal Dialysis." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 28, no. 3 (May 2008): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080802800312.

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Background The technique failure rate on peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains high despite technical progress. There are no data concerning the contribution of early failure to outcome on PD. Aim To analyze the importance of early treatment failure in PD and to compare early with late failures with respect to reasons and predictors of risk for failure. Methods We performed a retrospective study of all patients admitted for PD from October 1983 to June 2005. The end point was PD failure-free survival. Differences between reasons for failure with respect to early (within 6 months) and late failure were analyzed. Multivariate associations of baseline covariates with early and late failure were investigated. Results We included 279 patients. 153 (55%) patients experienced PD failure: 97 (63%) of them had technique failure; 56 (37%) patients died due to non-PD-related causes. 29% ( n = 44) of all PD failures and 40% ( n = 39) of all technique failures occurred within 6 months. Catheter and psychosocial problems contributed more often to early than to late failure, whereas infections, leakages, and hernias contributed equally to early and late failure. Death was the predominant reason for late failure. Female sex was a risk factor for early failure and older age a risk factor for late failure. Higher cholesterol levels were associated with a decreased risk for both early and late failure. Conclusion The contribution of early failure to outcome on PD is important, as one third of all PD failures and 40% of all technique failures may occur within the first 6 months, as shown in our study. Due to the retrospective nature and the single-center character, the results cannot be generalized. However, it is important to enhance recognition of patients at high risk for early PD failure prior to initiation of PD, in order to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions and medical complications, and for rational resource allocation.
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20

Everhart, Joshua Scott, David C. Flanigan, Robert A. Magnussen, and Christopher C. Kaeding. "Platelet-Rich Plasma: Does It Decrease Meniscus Repair Failure Risk?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 7_suppl5 (July 2019): 2325967119S0024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00247.

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Objectives: (1) To determine whether intraoperative PRP affects meniscus repair failure risk. (2) To determine whether the effect of PRP on meniscus failure risk is influenced by ACL reconstruction status or by PRP preparation. Methods: 550 patients (mean age 28.8 years SD 11.3) who underwent meniscus repair surgery with PRP (n=203 total, n=148 prepared with GPS III system, n=55 Angel system) or without PRP (n=347) and with (n=399) or without (n=151) concurrent ACL reconstruction were assessed for meniscus repair failure within 3 years. The independent effect of PRP on meniscus repair failure risk was determined by multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), ACL status, tear pattern, tear vascularity, repair technique, side (medial or lateral) and number of sutures or implants utilized. Results: Failures within 3 years occurred in 17.0% of patients without PRP and 14.7% of patients with PRP (p=0.52) (Angel PRP: 14.6%; GPS III PRP: 12.0%; p=0.59). Increased patient age was protective against meniscus failure regardless of ACL or PRP status (per 5-year increase in age: adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81, 1.0; p=0.047). The effect of PRP on meniscus failure risk was dependent upon concomitant ACL injury status (Figure). Among isolated meniscus repairs (20.3% failures at 3 years), PRP was independently associated with lower risk of failure (aHR 0.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03, 0.59; p=0.002) with no difference between PRP vendors (p=0.84). Among meniscus repairs with concomitant ACLR (14.1% failures at 3 years), PRP was not independently associated with risk of failure (aHR 1.39 CI 0.81, 2.36; p=0.23) with no difference between PRP venders (p=0.78). Conclusion: Both PRP preparations utilized in the current study had a substantial protective effect on isolated meniscus repair failure risk over 3 years. In the setting of concomitant ACL reconstruction, intraoperative PRP does not reduce meniscus repair failure risk. [Figure: see text]
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21

Zhang, Min, Zhijian Zhang, Ali Mosleh, and Sijuan Chen. "Common cause failure model updating for risk monitoring in nuclear power plants based on alpha factor model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 231, no. 3 (March 20, 2017): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x16689542.

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Common cause failure model updating (both qualitatively and quantitatively) is a key factor in risk monitoring for nuclear power plants when configuration changes (e.g. components become unavailable) occur among a redundant configuration. This research focuses on the common cause failure updating based on the alpha factor model method, which is commonly used in the living probabilistic safety assessment models for nuclear power plant risk monitoring. This article first discusses the common cause failure model updating in an ideal condition, which evaluates the common cause failure model parameters for the configurationally changed system in different ways, based on the causes of the detected failures. Then, two alternative updating processes are proposed considering the difficulty to identify failure causes immediately during plant operation: one is to update the common cause failure models with the assumption that the failures detected are independent failures and the other is to update the common cause failure models with the parameters as expectations of the values for all possible failure causes. Finally, a case study is given to illustrate the common cause failure updating process and to compare these two alternative processes. The results show that (1) common cause failures can be reevaluated automatically by the methods proposed in this article and (2) the second process is more conservative and reasonable but with more data requirements compared with the first approach. Considering limitations in accessibility of the data, the first strategy is suggested currently. More future work on data acquisition is demanded for better assessment of common cause failures during nuclear power plant risk monitoring.
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Stone, John. "Failures '96 — risk conomy and safety, failure minimisation and analysis." Structural Safety 19, no. 2 (January 1997): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4730(97)89488-x.

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Studziński, Andrzej, and Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik. "Water Main Failure Risk Assesment / OCENA RYZYKA AWARII MAGISTRALI WODOCIĄGOWEJ." Journal of KONBiN 24, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2013-0058.

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Abstract Town of Krosno is supplied with water by 3 intakes: Sieniawa, Iskrzynia and Szczepańcowa. After the treatment water flows in water mains to the water network in Krosno. The aim of his paper is qualitative risk analysis of the water main Sieniawa failures. The consequences of the failure: pressure value in the network and its duration, were described for different conditions of failures: time of failure, water demand and water storage tanks initial filling. For simulations of pipe failure water network model made in Epanet 2 program was used. The model was verified both during operation of water network and during the failure, where field data were used. The results of the simulations are corresponding to observations made during the real failures. Negative consequences appear only after emptying the water storage tanks, it results from two features of the storage tanks: they stabilize pressure in the network and for some time can provide water to the network. The time of emptying the storage tanks varies according to water demand their initial filling, it is at least 3 hours. During this time the are no sign of failure. When the storage tanks are empty reduction of pressure an shortage of water are observed on prevailing area of Krosno.
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Shih-Hsuan Tsai, Shih-Hsuan Tsai, Yu-Lin Lai Shih-Hsuan Tsai, Yi-Chun Lin Yu-Lin Lai, Hsuan-Hung Chen Yi-Chun Lin, Shan-Ling Hung Hsuan-Hung Chen, Ching-Yi Wu Shan-Ling Hung, Chien-hsin Wang Ching-Yi Wu, and Ya-Chi Chen Chien-hsin Wang. "A Literature Review of Patient-related Risk Factors for Late Implant Failure." Journal of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry 5, no. 2 (September 2022): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/261634032022090502004.

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<p>Abstract: Short-term outcome of dental implants is predictable, but variable long-term results are noticed. Cluster effect of implant failure had been reported in previous studies and many patient-related risk factors have been claimed to be associated with implant failure. This review was investigated the correlation between patient-related factors and late implant failure, and further provide a preview of potential risk indicators in late implant failure for clinicians. Regarding to current evidences, history of periodontitis does have negative effects on implant survival, but comparable results can still be obtained after intensive periodontal treatment and maintenance. The direct cause-and-effect of smoking habit and late implant failure can still not be determined. Well-controlled Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients present comparable long-term outcomes. Moreover, some moderate-controlled DM (HbA1c = 7.2 &ndash; 10.0%) patients can still benefit from implant therapy under limited risk. Most of the studies suggest that implants in bruxers may have higher chance of mechanical complication. The negative effects of radiotherapy (RT) are related to its dose, interval between implantation and damage of salivary gland. Incorporating oral rehabilitation plan before RT may provide better outcomes. Lastly, poor compliance to supportive implant treatment (SIT) is significantly related to peri-implant bone loss, increasing probing depths and eventually implant failure. Before implant therapy, we should pay more attention about patient&rsquo;s condition and further make comprehensive treatment plan for long-term success. Check DM patient&rsquo;s blood sugar and consult physical doctor before surgery. Incorporate oral rehabilitation plan before RT to cancer patient and communicate with cancer physician. Suggest patient quit smoking and consult specialist for management bruxism condition. Lastly, keeping SIT program is important in implant patients, especially with history of periodontitis.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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Alhelali, Abdullah, Abdulsalam Alahmari, Sulaiman Alajlan, and AlammarAhmed Y. "Choanal atresia, risk of failure." Saudi Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 21, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1319-8491.277844.

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Colak, Gonul, Mengchuan Fu, and Iftekhar Hasan. "On modeling IPO failure risk." Economic Modelling 109 (April 2022): 105790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105790.

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27

Mayer, Simon. "Financing breakthroughs under failure risk." Journal of Financial Economics 144, no. 3 (June 2022): 807–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.01.005.

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28

Carment, David, John Gazo, and Stewart Prest. "Risk Assessment and State Failure." Global Society 21, no. 1 (2007): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600820601116526.

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Beasley, Kimball J. "Building Facade Failure Risk Assessment." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 28, no. 5 (October 2014): 02514001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000651.

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30

Scalliet, Pierre. "Risk, society and system failure." Radiotherapy and Oncology 80, no. 3 (September 2006): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2006.07.003.

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31

Lukason, Oliver, and Tiia Vissak. "Internationalization and failure risk patterns." Review of International Business and Strategy 29, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-06-2018-0054.

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PurposeThis paper aims to find out what kind of export and failure risk patterns exist among young Estonian manufacturing exporters and explore their interlinkages.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 208 young Estonian manufacturing exporters. Based on internationalization literature, export patterns were detected with a consecutive three-stage clustering of export sales share from total sales, outside-Europe sales share from export sales and number of target markets, while failure risk patterns were detected by clustering failure probabilities obtained from a universal prediction model. The interconnection of export patterns with financial ratios and failure risk patterns was studied with statistical tests.FindingsSix main internationalization patterns existed. In all, 49 per cent of firms exported to a single European market and their export share was constantly very low, while even most of the firms with high export shares (39 per cent of the sample) were also active on one European market. In terms of failure risk patterns, 49 per cent of firms had constantly very low failure risk, while 51 per cent of firms had medium risk. Higher export engagement did not lead to better financial performance or lower failure risk.Originality/valueThis study is the first to find out if firms following different export patterns are also characterized by specific financial performance and failure risk. In addition, studies encompassing young exporters’ specific target markets and failure risk development are rare. While exporters’ and non-exporters’ financial performance differences have been frequently documented in favor of the former, this study found no such differences for different types of young exporters.
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32

HENAO, FRANCISCO J., JORGE E. DAES, and RODOLFO J. DENNIS. "Risk Factors for Multiorgan Failure." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 31, no. 1 (January 1991): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199101000-00014.

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33

Mann, J. "Cardiovascular risk and renal failure." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 129, no. 46 (November 2004): 2479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-835290.

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34

Kenchaiah, Satish, Jagat Narula, and Ramachandran S. Vasan. "Risk factors for heart failure." Medical Clinics of North America 88, no. 5 (September 2004): 1145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2004.04.016.

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35

Nadarajah, Saralees, and Samuel Kotz. "Formulas for risk of failure." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 74, no. 15 (October 2007): 2449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.11.001.

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36

Pinto, J. T., D. I. Blockley, and N. J. Woodman. "The risk of vulnerable failure." Structural Safety 24, no. 2-4 (April 2002): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4730(02)00020-6.

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37

WYSOCKI, PETER D. "Discussion of IPO Failure Risk." Journal of Accounting Research 45, no. 2 (May 2007): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679x.2007.00237.x.

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38

Levy, Wayne C., and Inder S. Anand. "Heart Failure Risk Prediction Models." JACC: Heart Failure 2, no. 5 (October 2014): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2014.05.006.

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39

Gottdiener, John S., and Alison E. Fohner. "Risk Prediction in Heart Failure." JACC: Heart Failure 8, no. 1 (January 2020): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2019.08.015.

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40

McCuen, Richard H., Bilal M. Ayyub, and Theodore V. Hromadka. "Risk of Debris‐Basin Failure." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 116, no. 4 (July 1990): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1990)116:4(473).

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41

Shapiro, H. T. "The Willingness to Risk Failure." Science 250, no. 4981 (November 2, 1990): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.250.4981.609.

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42

Collins, Sean P., and Peter S. Pang. "ACUTE Heart Failure Risk Stratification." Circulation 139, no. 9 (February 26, 2019): 1157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.118.038472.

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43

Shaffer, Sherrill. "Bank failure risk: Different now?" Economics Letters 116, no. 3 (September 2012): 613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2012.06.016.

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44

Conway Dessinger, Joan. "On failure, risk, and success." Performance Improvement 51, no. 3 (March 2012): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pfi.21249.

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45

Etterson, Matthew A., Laura R. Nagy, and Tara Rodden Robinson. "Partitioning Risk Among Different Causes of Nest Failure." Auk 124, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 432–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.2.432.

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Abstract Nest predation and nest parasitism receive the most attention as causes of nest failure for North American songbirds. Yet for many populations, interspecific competition, adverse weather, abandonment, nestling starvation, and egg failure may also be significant causes of nest failure. Despite the long interest in differential failure, serious challenges remain in the estimation of separate probabilities of nest failure from different causes. Apparent rates of failure suffer from at least two sources of bias: heterogeneous ages at discovery and classification error. We developed maximum-likelihood estimators for cause-specific daily probabilities of nest failure. We further show how the estimators can be extended to include classification error, if known. Finally, we demonstrate a simple application to Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus), Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), Violet-green Swallows (T. thalassina), and Western Bluebirds (Sialia mexicana). Daily probabilities of survival were lower for the Loggherhead Shrike (0.978 ± 0.004) than for any of the three cavity-nesting species (range: 0.989 ± 0.002 − 0.993 ± 0.001). Weather was an important cause of nest failure for Loggerhead Shrikes (0.15 ± 0.05 overall). Conversely, competition among secondary cavity-nesters was not an important contributor to nest failure (range: 2–5% of nest failures) for bluebirds or swallows. Our estimator differs from others by allowing multiple fates to be modeled as separately estimated parameters rather than as covariates to a single estimated failure probability. Thus, our estimator should be viewed as an important complement to existing methods. División del Riesgo Entre Diferentes Causas de Fracaso Durante la Nidificación
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46

Gapinski, Andrzej J. "Engineering disasters: The role of engineering versus management cumulative failure risk factor." Journal of Management and Engineering Integration 12, no. 1 (June 2019): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.62704/10057/24249.

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The article investigates engineering disasters as failures of either engineering design, project management decisions, or management processes in general. The paper points out that more often than not the failures of engineering endeavors were due to shortcomings of project management and organizational culture irrespective of the area of engineering discipline involved. The cumulative failure risk factor is proposed to assess an overall project failure risk, which can assist in project failure risk assessment and consequently in identifying the shortcomings in an organization.
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47

Calomiris, Charles W., and Joseph R. Mason. "Fundamentals, Panics, and Bank Distress During the Depression." American Economic Review 93, no. 5 (November 1, 2003): 1615–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803322655473.

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We assemble bank-level and other data for Fed member banks to model determinants of bank failure. Fundamentals explain bank failure risk well. The first two Friedman-Schwartz crises are not associated with positive unexplained residual failure risk, or increased importance of bank illiquidity for forecasting failure. The third Friedman-Schwartz crisis is more ambiguous, but increased residual failure risk is small in the aggregate. The final crisis (early 1933) saw a large unexplained increase in bank failure risk. Local contagion and illiquidity may have played a role in pre-1933 bank failures, even though those effects were not large in their aggregate impact.
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48

V., Ashok Kumar, Vinayaswamy P.M., Kallesh Shamanur, and Shahbaz Hassana. "Hyponatraemia in ED: Risk Factor Conundrum." Indian Journal of Emergency Medicine 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijem.2395.311x.4218.13.

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Aims of the Study: Profound hyponatraemia (<125 mmol/l) is frequent in the emergency department. Its incidence appears to increase with age and in patient’s on antihypertensive medication particularly diuretics.Our objectives were to investigate impact of diuretics on the incidence of profound hyponatraemia and identify its risk factors. Methods: The incidence of profound hyponatraemia among patients admitted to the emergency department of our hospital was observed over one year. Risk factors for profound hyponatraemia were analysed in a observational study. Each adult patient admitted during the study periods with a blood sodium level <135mmol/l was taken into study. Results: A total of 50 patients of hyponatraemia were analysed, of which 11 patients were in sepsis,10 had renal failure and 8 patients had heart failure as risk factor.Patients on diuretics were 19, of which 9 patients were on combination of thiazide with angiotensin receptor blockers. Conclusions: Out of patients analysed in our ED, the most common risk factor was found to be sepsis followed by renal failure, heart failure and diuretics mainly comprising the thiazide group. Female patients were more commonly and were affected at an early age compared to male patients.
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Roy, Soumen Kumar, A. K. Sarkar, and Biswajit Mahanty. "Fuzzy risk assessment for electro-optical target tracker." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 33, no. 6 (June 6, 2016): 830–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-03-2015-0034.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evolve a guideline for scientists and development engineers to the failure behavior of electro-optical target tracker system (EOTTS) using fuzzy methodology leading to success of short-range homing guided missile (SRHGM) in which this critical subsystems is exploited. Design/methodology/approach – Technology index (TI) and fuzzy failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) are used to build an integrated framework to facilitate the system technology assessment and failure modes. Failure mode analysis is carried out for the system using data gathered from technical experts involved in design and realization of the EOTTS. In order to circumvent the limitations of the traditional failure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), fuzzy FMCEA is adopted for the prioritization of the risks. FMEA parameters – severity, occurrence and detection are fuzzifed with suitable membership functions. These membership functions are used to define failure modes. Open source linear programming solver is used to solve linear equations. Findings – It is found that EOTTS has the highest TI among the major technologies used in the SRHGM. Fuzzy risk priority numbers (FRPN) for all important failure modes of the EOTTS are calculated and the failure modes are ranked to arrive at important monitoring points during design and development of the weapon system. Originality/value – This paper integrates the use of TI, fuzzy logic and experts’ database with FMEA toward assisting the scientists and engineers while conducting failure mode and effect analysis to prioritize failures toward taking corrective measure during the design and development of EOTTS.
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50

Tuli, Sagun, James Drake, Jerry Lawless, Melanie Wigg, and Maria Lamberti-Pasculli. "Risk factors for repeated cerebrospinal shunt failures in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus." Neurosurgical Focus 7, no. 4 (October 1999): E2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1999.7.4.3.

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Repeated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt failures in pediatric patients who have undergone neurosurgical procedures are common, and they are a significant cause of morbidity and occasionally mortality. To date, the risk factors for repeated failure have not been established. By performing survival analysis for repeated events, the authors examined the effects of patient characteristics, shunt hardware, and surgical details in a large cohort of patients. During a 10-year period all pediatric patients with hydrocephalus requiring CSF diversionary procedures were included in a prospective single-institution observational study. Patient characteristics were defined as age, gender, weight, head circumference; American Society of Anesthesiology class, and the cause of hydrocephalus. Surgical details included whether the procedure was performed on an emergency or nonemergency basis, use of antibiotics, concurrent other surgical procedures, and the duration of surgical procedure. Details on shunt hardware included the type of shunt, the valve system, whether the shunt system included multiple or complex components, the type of distal catheter, site of the shunt, and side on which the shunt was placed. Repeated shunt failures were assessed with multivariable time-to-event analysis (using the Cox regression model). Conditional models (as established by Prentice, et al.) were formulated for gap times (that is, times between successive shunt failures). There were 1183 shunt failures in 839 patients. Failure time from the first shunt procedure was an important predictor for the second and third episodes of failures, thus establishing an association between the times to failure within individual patients. Age of less than 40 weeks gestation at time of the first shunt implantion carried a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68-3.68) for the first failure and remained high for subsequent episodes of failure. Age of 40 weeks to 1 year (at the time of the initial surgery) also proved to be an important predictor of first shunt malfunctions (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.29-2.44). The cause of hydrocephalus was significantly associated with the risk of initial failure and, to a lesser extent, later failures. Concurrent other surgical procedures were associated with an increased risk of failure. The patient's age at the time of initial shunt placement and the time interval since previous surgical revision are important predictors of repeated shunt failures in the multivariable model. Even after adjusting for age at first shunt insertion as well as the cause of hydrocephalus there is significant association between repeated failure times for individual patients.
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