Relevant bibliographies by topics / Risk management – Environmental aspects

Academic literature on the topic 'Risk management – Environmental aspects'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Albu, Mădălina. "Considerations Regarding Environmental Aspects of Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry." Advanced Engineering Forum 27 (April 2018): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.27.213.

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The current global industry depends to a large extent on oil, gas and products. Hydrocarbons form of oil and its derivatives have become the main source of energy for the majority population. Crude oil, through its many uses is very important because it is cleaner than coal and cheaper and easier to transport than natural gas. Sometimes it called "black gold" and provides nearly half of the energy used in the world. Without it, would block transportation and large industrial equipment or thermal power plants could not operate.All activities of an organization involve risks and risk management is the process of substantiating the decision, taking into account the effects of uncertainty on objectives materialize and the establishment of measures and actions needed. To have the expected effectiveness within the organization, risk management must become an integral part of the administration, politics and culture of the organization. Environmental risk management differs significantly from other types of risk management due to the fact that its particular characteristics reflecting the complexity of the environmentEnvironmental risk management is an integral part of the overall management system. Establishing detailed integration or interaction management system risk management system or environmental management systems implemented by the organization must not lead to increase resources needed for this process.Safety and environmental issues top the agenda remains in the oil and gas companies when it comes to risk management. Oil and natural gas, both extraction and transport, has a range of important risks both to workers from these activities by accidents at work are exposed to people from neighboring villages (major accident) and for the environment.This paper presents theoretical and practical considerations regarding the implementation of the concept of risk management in their activity in the oil and gas industry and emphasizes the aspects of the environmental risks of oil industry. In the first part of the paper theoretical considerations are made on risk management and risk management standard. In the second part also presents practical aspects of how risk management is implemented in the oil and gas industry.
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Liu, Chang Qing. "Comparison of Principal Factors between China Actual Environmental Risk (CAER) and China Zero Environmental Risk (CZER)：Behavior Angle." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 3344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.3344.

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Studies on comparison of principal factors between CAER (China Actual Environmental Risk) and CZER (China Zero Environmental Risk) from Behavior Angle are seldom found, so we studied the theme above in this thesis. By analysis, we have known that on one hand, there are such aspects in common as natural cause, production action, living action, production waste disposal, and living waste disposal between CAER and CZER. On the other hand, they are different in such aspects as Government surveillance only for CAER, and public management and market management only for CZER. And our related advice is as follows: first, careful protection of natural environment. Secondly strict surveillance on production of waste from such behaviors as enterprise production and human living action by market management, public management, and Government surveillance, etc.. And thirdly great encouragement to arouse interest in technological innovations friendly with the environment in waste disposal, etc..
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Vyas, Neha. "Environmental Aspects of Project Management." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 33, no. 2 (April 2008): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920080205.

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The primary challenge in project management is to achieve all of the defined project goals and objectives while adhering to typical constraints which are usually scope, quality, time, and budget. Often, the basic flaw in project planning and design is the complete neglect or minimal consideration of environmental and social costs and dependence only on economic analysis for project preparation and investment. A failure to understand and internalize adverse or negative impacts on environment during project preparation could lead to several undesirable consequences, which may ultimately jeopardize the very objectives of growth and development for which the project was proposed. In this paper, the author stresses upon the need for environmental management for successful project completion and discusses the challenges of addressing the key environmental issues. Environmental management is not just about the ‘trees and bees’ but also about health, safety, profits, quality assurance, reduced risks to reputation, and increased global competitiveness, states the author. Overall, it is about efficiency and reducing environmental and legal liabilities. It is argued that sound environment management reduces the unforeseen obstacles and bottlenecks that may otherwise hamper the delivery of project objectives while helping to improve the environmental performance of project operations. The key environmental issues resulting from agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and urban operations include: severe degradation of air quality due to industrial and vehicular pollution contamination of land and water resources due to pesticides, fertilizers, and dumping of hazardous wastes depletion of raw material reserves contamination of surface and ground water sources due to discharge of sewage and industrial effluents deforestation. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) study is suggested as a tool for formulating an environment management plan. EIA should, however, not be treated just as a tool for regulatory compliance but as an instrument for improving project management per se with proper expertise, time, and budget allocations made for the purpose. In environmental management, the moot question is: How to get started? The author's advice is to start small and simple and gradually turn them into action plans for a worksite and subsequently up-scale them for the entire company. It is ultimately the actions taken at personal or community level or as a project manager that matters the most when it comes to environmental sustainability. Policies and plans merely show the way. It is becoming increasingly important to make environmental management an economic driver that would serve to minimize environmental damages and promote resource efficiency and cost savings to businesses.
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Kis, Iryna. "STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES." Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Strategic management, portfolio, program and project management, no. 2(4) (April 19, 2021): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2413-3000.2021.4.4.

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The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological aspects of strategic risk management of environmental risks of the transport enterprise. The urgency of the issue is due to the acceleration of changes in the external environment of economic activity of transport enterprises, which determines the need for adjustments to the management system. Strategic environmental risk management is currently the main direction for its effective management. Statistical data on the number of enterprises in the transport industry, the introduction of new fixed assets, the financial result of enterprises are given. The prerequisites for improving the risk management system of the transport enterprise, which is currently defined as one of the main tools for sustainable development of the enterprise. The need to take into account the trends of changing the prerequisites for risk management, which leads to the transformation of the system of strategic management of economic activity of the transport company to ensure the implementation of projects. The diagram of environmental risks in the context of the foresight approach of risk management of a transport company is presented. The definition of environmental risk is proposed to be carried out on three «horizons»: operational; tactical and strategic. It is proposed to determine the probability of environmental risk and losses from its occurrence using the formula for calculating the mathematical expectation from the PERT (Program Evaluation and Research Task) system. Management must understand the probabilities of risk and the results of its impact on the enterprise, its projects. This approach will provide: an understanding of the trend of risk change and, accordingly, will develop the necessary measures to respond to it; adjustment of risk management policy taking into account forecast risk values; identification of long-term prospects for environmental risk management. Forecasting environmental risk at the operational, tactical and strategic levels is a necessary element of the risk management system of the transport company.
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Townend, Ian Howard, Michael Panzeri, David Ramsbottom, Ian Townend, and Steven Wade. "THE UK’S FIRST CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ASSESSMENT AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE COAST." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.15.

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In 2008 the Climate Change Act was passed into law in the UK. This provides a legally binding framework for reducing carbon emissions. Much of the focus of the Act is on reducing emissions and hence on mitigation measures, however, the Act also requires a risk assessment to be undertaken every five years. The assessment of the risks (including opportunities) from climate change has to address those things that have social, environmental and economic value in the UK. The objective is to create an enabling environment in which the capacity to adapt can be developed in an informed manner and identify priorities for Government action. The risk assessment informs the National Adaptation Programme and will be updated every five years. This paper outlines the method of analysis, presents some results and draws some conclusions, with particular reference to those aspects that are likely to be of interest to the coastal community.
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Norton, Roger L., David B. Oakes, and John A. Cole. "Pollution risk management for resource protection." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0042.

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This paper deals with the management of the often brief pollution incident which gives rise to a sudden emergency. There are two key aspects to pollution risk management: the identification and minimisation of potential and actual risks (pro-active management), and planning how to deal with such incidents as do occur (reactive management). Pro-active management involves the identification of potential pollutants within a catchment and assessing what can be done to minimise the risks at source. Reactive management deals with the actions necessary which will depend on the severity of the incident, and covers both administrative procedures and practical issues. These concepts of pollution risk preparedness are described, and illustrated with a number of case studies.
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Liu, Chang Qing. "Comparison of Principal Factors between China Actual Environmental Risk (CAER) and China Zero Environmental Risk (CZER): Project Angle." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2263.

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Studies on comparison of principal factors between CAER (China Actual Environmental Risk) and CZER (China Zero Environmental Risk) from Project Angle are seldom found, so we studied the theme above in this thesis. By analysis, we have known that on one hand, there are such aspects in common as projects for resources excavation, and refinement, etc., projects for primary industries, other non-living projects, waste disposal, and general management between CAER and CZER. On the other hand, they are different in such aspects as chemical engineering projects and living projects only for CAER, and energy projects and public construction projects only for CZER. And our related advice is as follows: first, strict management on production of waste from such projects as public construction projects, resources excavation and refinement, natural resources, projects for primary industries, and other non-living projects. Secondly great encouragement to environment-friendly technological innovations in waste disposal, etc..
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Tarasevych, Nataliіa. "Actual Aspects of Risk Management System in Banks of Ukraine." Modern Economics 28, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v28(2021)-19.

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Abstract. Introduction. The article discusses the main directions of organizing a risk management system in Ukrainian banks. In the process of creating effective banking management systems, it is necessary to ensure the optimal infrastructure of risk management. The current risk management mechanism requires improvement, taking into account the achievements of economic science, the real state and prospects of the development of banking, world experience. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider the main directions of the organization of the system - risk management of the bank, as well as the identification of the problems of formation and submission of proposals to improve the risk management system in banks of Ukraine. Results. The organizational and functional support of risk management in banks is investigated. It is determined that the banking risk management process should cover all structural levels of the bank - from the top management of the bank to the level at which risk is directly accepted. The main types of banking risks are considered: credit risk, currency risk, liquidity risk, interest rate and market risks. The main problems of the formation of the risk management system that the bank faces in the process of operating activities are identified. Among the current problems of risk management are the following: a low level of participation of bank supervisory boards in risk management, a lack of qualified personnel, an insufficient level of use of quantitative risk assessment methods, which can lead to inadequate assessment by banks of the level of riskiness of their operations; unprotected exchange of information between specialized branches of the bank. The main prospects for the development of risk management in Ukrainian banks are highlighted - this is the search for the optimal organizational structure that would organically include risk management at all stages of banking. Based on the analysis, proposals were made to improve the risk management system in Ukrainian banks: - high qualification of members of the risk management group; clear distribution of responsibilities in the middle of the group; confidence in personal responsibility. Conclusions. The solution of the main problems, among which there is a shortage of qualified personnel, a low corporate culture, a weak level of distribution of powers of collegial bodies and weak risk assessment methods, will make it possible to increase the efficiency of systemic management in banks, including in conditions of economic stability and stability of the banking system in Ukraine.
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Nakempii, O. K., and A. M. Roman. "ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS FROM TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF COKE PRODUCTION." Labour protection problems in Ukraine 38, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36804/nndipbop.38-1-2.2022.49-53.

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The article is devoted to the problem of assessment and management of environmental risks in the context of the formation of ecological and economic system of coke production. The technological process at the coke plant is due to significant environmental pollution due to man-made load, which poses a serious danger to the environment. Therefore, the study of the impact of coke production on the natural environment in Ukraine is important and relevant. In order to ensure constant control, increase the efficiency of enterprises, meet the requirements of stakeholders, respond quickly to violations, reduce the negative impact on the environment, the proposed procedure for identifying environmental aspects and assessing their impact. Criteria of significance and principles of assessment of ecological aspects are established. These principles are the basis of risk management. They establish the characteristics of effective and efficient risk management, reflect its values and explain its purpose. Therefore, these principles must be taken into account when creating the structure and process of risk management of production. Adherence to these principles will allow production to manage the impact of uncertainty about achieving its goals. The objectives of risk management and opportunities of environmental management system processes are also defined, the objectives of risk management are identified and the criteria of identification and assessment of risks and opportunities are proposed. The procedure for assessing environmental risks, which is based on quantitative calculations, is considered. Based on the developed procedure, a register of environmental aspects of the coke plant has been developed. Assessment of the impact of the metallurgical industry on the environmental situation in Ukraine is a promising area of further research to optimize the level of environmental safety of metallurgical enterprises.
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Pavelko, A., and M. Syrotyuk. "Environmental risks in hydropower industry." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 45 (May 20, 2014): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.45.1163.

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The main theoretical aspects of the environmental risks as a scientific category, the definition of environmental risk in the Ukrainian legislation, as well as major environmental risks associated with the construction and operation of hydroelectric power have been described. Taking into account the largescale plans of the hydroelectric power plants building in Ukraine after the implementation of "green" tariff the determination and issue the appropriate environmental risks assessment is crucial for making the reasonable management decisions on the construction of hydroelectric power or abandon it. Key words: environmental risk, hydropower plant.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Basak, Rishi. "Environmental management systems and the intra-firm risk relationship." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0034/MQ64316.pdf.

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Caldecott, Benjamin. "Stranded assets and environment-related risk." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:36137d36-8392-4ce9-8a51-709bc6495a17.

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This thesis represents the first comprehensive attempt at providing conceptual and scholarly coherence to the topic of stranded assets and the environment. Over the last five years the topic has risen up the agenda and has become of significant interest to scholars and practitioners alike, as it has influenced a number of pressing issues facing investors, companies, policymakers, regulators, and civil society in relation to global environmental change. The thesis reveals how the topic developed and emerged, notably through a unique first-person account based on autoethnography and close dialogue. Four self- contained papers demonstrate the wide applicability of stranded assets, and further existing, relatively well-developed literatures (namely carbon budgets and stranded costs) and also two much less developed literatures (namely the calibration of climate policy to minimise stranded assets and policy mechanisms to quickly and efficiently strand assets). Though a significant amount has been written on stranded assets over a short period, there remain significant gaps in the literature. The thesis identifies substantial research opportunities, particularly to better connect our understanding of physical and societal environment-related risks; to improve our knowledge of perception and behaviour in relation to the creation and management of stranded assets; to expand the scope of work into new sectors and geographies; and to place stranded assets in an appropriate historical perspective. Stranded assets is, if anything, a geographical concept. The thesis makes the case for economic geography as the disciplinary home for stranded assets. The sub-discipline can both contribute to the development of stranded assets as a scholarly endeavour and itself benefit from interacting with a topic that intersects with some of the most pressing contemporary issues related to environmental sustainability.
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Ho, Chi-fai, and 何志輝. "Ecological risk assessment and management of invasive freshwater fish species from aquarium and ornamental trades in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194580.

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Since globalization have promoted the ornamental trade and accelerated the movement of freshwater fishes around the world, non-native species pose a high potential to be released into local freshwater habitats, and to spread and establish as invasive and nuisance species with adverse ecological, economic and social impacts. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the ornamental freshwater fish trade as an invasion pathway in Hong Kong, assess the ecological risk of common aquarium freshwater fish species being traded in the local market, identify species of concern and recommend ways for their management with a view to minimizing biological invasion risk associated with the aquarium trade. Based on a series of systematic market surveys through visiting 46 major aquarium shops in Hong Kong, about 167 freshwater fish species were found in the local aquarium trade between summer 2012 and spring 2013. Twenty-five species were randomly selected to go through two standard ecological risk assessment protocols (i.e., FISK & IFRA). The assessment results indicated that the goldfish (Carassius auratus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and Wel’s catfish (Silurus glanis) have a high invasive risk in Hong Kong. The ornamental trade is one of the significant sources of freshwater fish invasions in Hong Kong. An integrated invasive species management plan is recommended to apply and implement in Hong Kong. The key elements of this management plan include (1) development of law and regulation on invasive species, (2) establishment of an early detection programme (like the current study), (3) implementation of control and eradication measures, (4) setting up invasive species handling guidelines and (5) fostering public education programs on biological invasion prevention. The plan should involve the participation of all stakeholders, such as government, industry, social community organization and public in order to engage them to jointly effectively tackle and manage invasive species and thereby conserve Hong Kong’s aquatic biodiversity.
published_or_final_version
Environmental Management
Master
Master of Science in Environmental Management
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Emblemsvåg, Jan. "Activity-based life-cycle assessments in design and management." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32855.

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Pochlopeňová, Monika. "Aplikace metody analýzy rizika vedoucí ke zvyšování kvality životního prostředí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400055.

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The diploma thesis deals with the application of the risk analysis method for environmental impact assessment of a business entity. In the introduction of the theoretical part, an environmental review is carried out, focusing on the approach of the Slovak Republic, followed by theoretical background on environmental management, and in the end of the first part there is a survey of risk identification methods. The analytical part presents the system of environmental management in the company. After evaluating the current state, the thesis proposes its own proposals as preventive measures, which contribute to more effective management of environmental pollution risk.
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Massmann, Joel Warren. "Groundwater contamination from waste-management sites : the interaction between risk-based engineering design and regulatory policy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27451.

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This dissertation puts in place a risk-cost-benefit analysis for waste management facilities that explicitly recognizes the adversarial relationship that exists in a regulated market economy between the owner-operator of the facility and the government regulatory agency under whose terms the facility must be licensed. The risk-cost-benefit analysis is set up from the perspective of the owner-operator. It can be used directly by the owner-operator to assess alternative design strategies. It can also be used by the regulatory agency to assess alternative regulatory policies, but only in an indirect manner, by examining the response of an owner-operator to the stimuli of various policies. The objective function is written in terms of a discounted stream of benefits, costs, and risks over an engineering time horizon. Benefits are in terms of revenues for services provided; costs are those of construction and operation of the facility. Risk is defined as the expected cost associated with failure, with failure defined as a groundwater contamination event that violates the licensing requirements set forth by the regulatory agency. Failure requires a breach of the containment structure and contaminant migration through the hydrogeological environment to a compliance surface. Reliability theory is used to estimate the probability of breaching and Monte Carlo finite-element simulations are used to simulate advective contaminant transport. The hydraulic conductivity values in the hydrogeological environment are defined stochastically. The probability of failure is reduced by the presence of a monitoring network established by the owner-operator. The level of reduction in the probability of failure can be calculated from the stochastic contaminant transport simulations. While the framework is quite general, the development in this dissertation is specifically suited for a landfill in which the primary design feature is one or more synthetic liners and in which contamination is brought about by the release of a single, nonreactive species in an advective, steady-state, horizontal flow field. The risk cost benefit analysis is applied to 1) an assessment of the relative worth of alternative containment-construction activities, site-investigation activities, and monitoring activities available to the owner-operator, 2) an assessment of alternative policy options available to the regulatory agency, and 3) two case histories. Sensitivity analyses designed to address the first issue show that the allocation of resources by the owner-operator is sensitive to the stochastic parameters that describe the hydraulic conductivity field at a site. For the cases analyzed, the installation of a dense monitoring network is of less value to the owner-operator than a more conservative containment design. Sensitivity analyses designed to address the second issue suggest that from a regulatory perspective, design standards should be more effective than performance standards in reducing risk, and design specifications on the containment structure should be more effective than those on the monitoring network. Performance bonds posted before construction have a greater potential to influence design than prospective penalties to be imposed at the time of failure. Sitting on low-conductivity deposits is a more effective method of risk reduction than any form of regulatory influence. Results of the case histories indicate that the methodology can be successfully applied at field sites, and that the risks associated with groundwater contamination may be small when compared to the owner-operators' benefits and costs.
Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
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Mamouni, Limnios Elena Alexandra. "Incorporating complex systems dynamics in sustainability assessment frameworks : enhanced prediction and management of socio-ecological systems performance." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Business, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0012.

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[Truncated abstract] The application of reductionism, breaking down problems to simpler components that can be solved and then aggregating the results, is one of the bases of classical science. However, living organisms, ecosystems, social and economic structures are complex systems, characterised by non-linear interactions between their elements and exhibit emergent properties that are not directly traceable to their components. Sustainability assessment frameworks oversimplify system interactions, achieving limited predictive capacity and causing managerial behavior that may reduce system's ability to adapt to external disturbance. Intrigued by the importance of complexity, we explore the central theme of how complex thinking can influence the understanding and progress towards sustainability. The purpose is to conceptualize the relationship of key terms (such as sustainability, functionality and resilience), and consecutively develop new or adjust existing sustainability frameworks to take into account complex systems interactions. We aim at developing theory and frameworks that can be used to raise awareness of the pitfalls of the growth paradigm and direct towards modest positions when managing complex systems. We seek to define the structural elements that influence system adaptive capacity, allowing identification of early signs of system rigidity or vulnerability and the development of knowledge and techniques that can improve our predictive and managerial ability. The focus has been on a variety of system scales and dynamics. At the collective community level, a number of stakeholder engagement practices and frameworks are currently available. However, there is limited awareness of the complexity challenges among stakeholders, who are commonly directed to a triple bottom line analysis aiming at maximizing a combination of outputs. An attempt is conducted to measure the functionality of the processes underlying a standing stock, in contrast to sustainability measures that only assess the variations of the standing stock itself. We develop the Index of Sustainable Functionality (ISF), a framework for the assessment of complex systems interactions within a large-scale geographic domain and apply it to the State of Western Australia. '...' Finally, we focus on smaller systems scales and develop a methodology for the calculation of Product Ecological Footprint (PEF) including elements from the accounting method of activity based costing. We calculate PEF for three apple production systems and identify significant differences from first stage calculations within the same industry. Cross-industry application will provide a practical way to link individuals' consumption with their ecological impact, reduce misperceptions of products' ecological impacts and develop a market-driven approach to internalizing environmental externalities. At the firm level PEF can be compared with investment costs, resulting in the opportunity to optimize both functions of financial cost and ecological impact in decision making. We have developed methods for incorporating complexity in sustainability assessment frameworks. Further work is required in testing and validating these methodologies at multiple system scales and conditions. Integrating such tools in decision making mechanisms will enhance long-term management of socioecological systems performance.
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Sorenson, Mary T. "Deterministic vs probabilistic ecological risk assessment modeling at hazardous waste sites : a comparative case study." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25303.

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De, Jager A. J. (Albertus Johannes). "Generic model for mine closure." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49679.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
During the last five years, successful mine closure has become one of Iscor Coal Business primary strategic focus areas. Three Iscor Coalmines are currently in different stages of closure, i.e. North Field, Hlobane and Dumacol and the demand on management time spent on this issue is increasing. The changing legal environment, especially issues concerning rehabilitation and mine closure, demands that every company must take full responsibility for any detrimental effect that their operations may have on the environment. This study concerns itself with establishing a generic procedure for mine closure. The interface with all stakeholders, external and internal, is considered. The primary focus areas are determined and the most important issues within each area are discussed in such a way that operational managers and strategists could use it as base knowledge for future closures. Applying the model to an actual closure process, i.e. the closure of Durnacol Coalmine, tested the validity of the model and it was verified that the process could be used as a base for future reference.
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Cho, Seong Yun. "Environmental Justice in Natural Disaster Mitigation Policy and Planning: a Case Study of Flood Risk Management in Johnson Creek, Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4502.

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This study aims to explore the possibility of environmental justice as social consensus and an institutional framework to reduce socioeconomic differences in natural disaster vulnerability through a case study of flood risk management in Johnson Creek, Portland, Oregon. First, by analyzing institutions, policies, and currently ongoing flood mitigation projects, this study investigates how federal and local governments are addressing and responding to current flood problems. Second, through flood expert surveys and GIS spatial analysis, this study examines various factors that contribute to communities' susceptibility to flood risks, and whether there exist spatial differences between physically and socioeconomically vulnerable communities within the Johnson Creek area. Lastly, this study conducted comparative analysis of perceptions using Q-methodology to explore the diverse range of meanings and understandings that flood experts and urban practitioners construct in relation to the dilemmas of environmental justice in flood mitigation practice. The findings of this study indicate that institutional blind spots and barriers in natural disaster mitigation policy and planning can be generated by flood experts' and urban practitioners' different understandings of vulnerability, different interpretations of human rights, and different perspectives on the extent of institutional responsibility to assist socioeconomically vulnerable populations.
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Books on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Dooley, James E. Risk analysis for health and environmental management. Halifax, N.S: EMDI Project, 1990.

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Gray, George M. Risk assessment and risk management of non-ferrous metals: Realizing the benefits and managing the risks. Ottawa: International Council on Metals and the Environment, 1997.

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Environmental risk management and corporate lending: A global perspective. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1999.

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Aarne, Vesilind P., ed. Socially responsible engineering: Justice in risk management. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley, 2006.

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D, Glover Hubert. Environmental auditing: Risk assessment guidelines. Altamonte Springs, Fla: Institute of Internal Auditors, 1994.

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Darabaris, John. Corporate environmental management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2007.

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Corporate environmental management. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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Risk assessment in environmental management: A guide for managing chemical contamination problems. Chichester [England]: John Wiley, 1998.

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Ricci, Paolo F. Environmental and health risk assessment and management: Principles and practices. Dordrecht: Springer, 2006.

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Ricci, Paolo F. Environmental and health risk assessment and management: Principles and practices. Dordrecht: Springer, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Grambow, Martin, and Jane Korck. "Environmental and Ecological Aspects of Sustainable Risk Management." In Sustainable Risk Management, 55–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66233-6_5.

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Bencko, Vladimir. "Psychosomatic and Psychosocial Aspects of Risk Perception." In Environmental Security Assessment and Management of Obsolete Pesticides in Southeast Europe, 85–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6461-3_6.

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Fallet-Fidry, Geoffrey, Carole Duval, Christophe Simon, Eric Levrat, Philippe Weber, and Benoît Iung. "Risk Analysis and Management in Systems Integrating Technical, Human, Organizational and Environmental Aspects." In Supervision and Safety of Complex Systems, 267–91. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118561744.ch14.

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Munters, Ward. "Active Debris Removal, International Environmental Law, and the Collective Management of Risk: Foundations of an International System for Space Traffic Management." In Space Security and Legal Aspects of Active Debris Removal, 131–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90338-5_8.

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Loučková, Blanka. "Eastern European Perspective on the Environmental Aspects in Current Flood Risk Management: The Example of the Czech Republic." In The Global Water System in the Anthropocene, 183–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07548-8_13.

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Bakker, H. "Environmental Aspects." In Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management, 81–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9_7.

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Toprak, Zerrin. "Risk Management, Environmental." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2094–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_248.

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Hluchý, Ladislav, Ondrej Habala, Viet Tran, and Branislav Šimo. "Environmental Risk Management." In The DATA Bonanza, 301–26. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118540343.ch15.

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Sullivan, Rory. "Environmental Risk Management." In Environmental Management and Decision Making for Business, 217–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524460_21.

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Spitz, Karlheinz, John Trudinger, and Matthew Orr. "Enterprise risk management." In Environmental Social Governance, 155–75. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003134008-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Lien, Kent, and Ken J. Colosimo. "Connecting the Environmental Management System and Environmental Impact Assessment for Pipeline Projects." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64317.

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The National Energy Board of Canada (NEB) oversees all aspects, including environmental protection, of the construction and operation of hydrocarbon transmission pipelines under federal jurisdiction. The NEB’s regulatory approach is to minimize regulatory burden while maintaining a high standard of environmental protection. To achieve this, the NEB is working toward implementing a flexible, risk-based regulatory approach in which processes fit the scope and range of applications it receives. The NEB requires its regulated companies to develop and implement the equivalent of an environmental management system relating to all aspects of their business. In evaluating the companies’ compliance, the NEB conducts formal audits of these systems to ensure they are appropriately developed, maintained and implemented. The NEB has recently initiated changes to its regulatory processes to utilize companies’ management system information collected during the audits to enhance its application and assessment processes. This paper will discuss how concepts related to risk and management systems principles and information collected during an environmental management system audit can be integrated into a regulator’s environmental impact assessment for a proposed pipeline project. How knowledge and lessons learned are transferred through all stages of the pipeline life cycle will also be discussed.
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Okraszewska, Romanika, Kazimierz Jamroz, Marek Bauer, Krystian Birr, and Anna Gobis. "Identification of Risk Factors for Collisions Involving Cyclists Based on Gdansk Example." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.112.

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The role of pedestrian and bicycle traffic in Poland has growing trend. The comprehensive traffic study, conducted in Gdansk in 2016, has confirmed the increase in the number of cyclists and their share in the modal split. Therefore, it is particularly important to ensure the safety of this group of unprotected road users. Only in 2015 on the roads of Gdansk occurred 93 accidents (excluding collisions) involving cyclists. As a result, 101 people were injured, including nine seriously and 3 people killed. The study aim was to identify risk factors for collisions involving cyclists based on data of accidents reported to the police. The following factors were analysed: the conditions for the drivers on the road (speed limits of, surface conditions), conditions for cyclists (cycling infrastructure, traffic management), external conditions (time of the year, time of the day, weather conditions), conditions organizational (type of intersection, traffic light) as well as the social aspects – the behaviour of all users.
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Fabjan, Marija, Bojan Hertl, Metka Kralj, and Jozˇe Rojc. "Improvement of Institutional Radioactive Waste Management via Implementation of Environmental Management System." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16094.

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Management of institutional radioactive waste in Slovenia is one of the main processes in the management system of Agency for Radwaste Management (ARAO). The management system integrates the quality management system ISO 9001 and the environmental management system that was certified according to the standard ISO 14001:2004 in October 2007. The certificate represents a permanent commitment of ARAO to improve the environmental management system and implement environmental planning. Environmental planning includes and maintains environmental objectives and targets in all ARAO’s activities, especially in managing the institutional radioactive waste that can have potential environmental impacts and is considered as a risky activity from the public view point. We defined a general ARAO’s register of environmental aspects with seven main groups of aspects. Each aspect was evaluated according to its impacts with the help of multiple criteria and only the aspects evaluated as significant are dealt with in further environmental planning. Environmental planning was implemented in the process of managing of institutional radioactive waste. Our methodology for evaluating the significance of environmental aspects showed three significant aspects. Appropriate environmental objectives and targets were defined for these aspects in a way that they were measurable, if applicable, consistent with the ARAO’s environmental policy. It was assured that they provided adequate environmental protection measures and protection of human health, compliance with national legal requirements and international directives dealing with radioactive waste management and that the production of radioactive waste was minimized. The environmental planning is carried out annually, and each year we are looking for opportunities to minimize potential environmental impacts of our service. In this paper, ARAO’s experience with environmental planning and the realization of the objectives and targets that have already been achieved, implemented and integrated in the process of managing of institutional radioactive waste are presented. The results and the successful completion of environmental programs contribute to optimization of the management system and the quality of ARAO’s process performance. Implementation of environmental management system according to ISO 14001 increased the satisfaction of producers of institutional radioactive waste management that come from medicine, research and industry. It is also part of confidence building by our stakeholders.
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Ehlers, Sören, Pentti Kujala, Brian Veitch, Faisal Khan, and Jarno Vanhatalo. "Scenario Based Risk Management for Arctic Shipping and Operations." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23112.

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Arctic oil and gas explorations and Arctic shipping must ensure the safety and protection of this sensitive environment in spite of the challenging operational conditions. However, current regulations and assessment methods do not predict the associated risk level reliably. In other words, ships transiting ice-covered waters are not designed according to physical measures, such as accurate limit states under ice loading, but according to economic and empirical design measures. Similarly, offshore installations should be designed according to the accurate limit states, but the actual ice loads are uncertain so this is not possible at present. Risk-based design methodologies using first principal methods offer a way to advance safe operations and transport of natural resources within and out of the Arctic Sea. This paper introduces a holistic treatment of the design relevant features and their identification to improve safe Arctic operations and transport. The focus is on design relevant Arctic aspects related to extreme and accidental ice events. The approach includes estimating ice loads, including extreme load events, assessing structural consequences of the loading events, assessing associated potential environmental consequences, and establishing a risk based design framework for managing risks.
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Morga, Mariantonietta, and Keith Jones. "Toolkit for resilience assessment of critical infrastructures to earthquake induced soil liquefaction disasters." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.1704.

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<p>The critical infrastructure resilience depends on several factors that go beyond the physical reliability and capacity to repair the system after a disruption. The overall critical infrastructure resilience includes aspects related to the social and economic backbone governing its capacity to deliver its service. This contribution presents a theoretical toolkit to calculate the overall resilience of critical infrastructures developed within the European project LIQUEFACT for earthquake- induced soil liquefaction disasters. The toolkit combine several aspects organized in three dimensions: organizational and management, the physical or technical system and operational capacity to deliver the service. The toolkit clearly defines also resilience aspects, such as preparedness, absorption, recovery and adaptation. For each dimension and aspect of the resilience several indicators are developed. A critical and technical explanation of each indicator is here proposed, as well a systematic methodology to combine them in the resilience toolkit. The novelty of this study is the systematic analysis of dimensions, aspects and indicators that made the proposed resilience toolkit original. The study is concluded with analyses of feasibility of the toolkit to natural disasters and applicability to localized disasters, such as earthquake-induced soil liquefaction events. Finally, the key factors of toolkit influencing a built asset model of critical infrastructures are identified.</p>
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Salsabila, Puteri, and Mila Tejamaya. "Implementation Analysis of the Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health Management System at Laboratory of Universitas Indonesia." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.24.

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ABSTRACT Background: The laboratory is important to conduct the experiments, investigations, and observations of various fields of scientific study. Chemical, physical, biological, and other potential hazards are inseparable with laboratory activities. However, potential hazards are avoidable with risk management through the implementation of the laboratory occupational health and safety management system. This study aimed to investigate the implementation of laboratory occupational health and safety management system aspects at the laboratory of Universitas Indonesia. Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive study conducted at the laboratory of Uni­versitas Indonesia in 2020. The study informants were head and laboratorians. The study variables were 14 aspects of the implementation of occupational and environmental safety, with a total of 156 checklists. Universitas Indonesia developed the questions in the checklist in the form of closed questions. The data were analyzed by gap analysis and reported descriptive­ly. Results: Laboratories at Universitas Indonesia implemented most of the occupational and environmental safety aspects. The gap analysis showed that there was a need for improve­ments in the implementation of some aspects, particularly operational control, inspection, and management review. Conclusion: Some aspect implementations still need to be improved, mainly in operational control, inspection, and management review. Keywords: Occupational and environmental safety, inspection, laboratory, Universitas Indonesia Correspondence: Mila Tejamaya. Occupational Health and Safety Program Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424. Email: mila.tejamaya@gmail.com. Mobile: +628111810100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.24
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Barboza, Tania S., Carlos Alberto Borges, and Aluisio S. Xavier Neto. "Participative Risk Management in the Construction of Onshore Pipelines." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-139.

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Accidents related to production, processing, storage and transportation of oil and its by-products have been studied extensively because of their social and environmental impacts. However, accidents relating to construction of oil facilities have been largely ignored by researches, perhaps because such accidents involve a smaller group of people and result in smaller-scale environmental impacts. Pipeline construction projects are particularly unique. As opposed to construction of processing plants, pipeline construction covers a very long reach, often involving varying site conditions. Consequently, there are more environmental issues, many of which vary from place to place along the pipeline route as a result of the differing soil, drainage, vegetation and exposure conditions. The variable conditions, exposure and consequences of accidents along a pipeline route result in many challenges related to risk management. Specifically, risk management is difficult as a result of transportation along the pipeline corridor, multiple access routes to the pipeline corridor, unique culture and social issues in various parts of the country, and remote working conditions. Major issues are moving work sites; crossing of different areas of the country with several typical cultural and regional aspects; multiple work sites and the isolation of workers in small groups. These factors make risk management particularly important, but easy to ignore. In this paper we discuss the major potential risks in every phase of the pipeline construction. The paper describes the company’s process for managing risk during pipeline construction. It identified the limitations of traditional safety management systems in coping with the critical problems related to environmental and safety issues. Many company are using integrated management systems as the major tools to control risk. Such systems cover health, safety and environmental issues (HSE). PETROBARS, as the largest Brazilian oil company and one of the leading oil companies in the world, has adopted the HSE system. The system focuses on employee participation in implementation of the HSE system.
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Johansson, Morgan, Rasmus Rempling, Gonzalo S. D. de Ulzurrun, and Carlos Zanuy. "Key aspects of digital image correlation in impact tests of reinforced concrete beams." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0961.

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<p>This paper studies 2-D high speed photography combined with digital image correlation (DIC) applied to experimental research of reinforced concrete beams at moderate loading rates. The aim of the present research is to understand the influence of 2-D DIC set-up parameters in the results. Drop-weight tests have been completed in 1180 × 100 × 100 mm longitudinally reinforced concrete beams. The study has confirmed results sensitivity to image subdivision and mesh properties. While smaller subdivision sizes allow to obtain results nearby boundaries, being more suitable to study local effects, larger sizes enhance computational cost, increase mesh stability and accuracy. A discussion of key aspects of 2-D DIC for measuring different parameters (such as acceleration, displacements, strains and strain-rate) is presented along this paper.</p>
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Romo, José. "Conceptual Design of Bridges and Sustainability." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0415.

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<p>During the design of a bridge, the conceptual design phase is the most critical in relation to the sustainability of the work. The three pillars of sustainability are the economic, social, and environmental. Therefore a good design has to give the right answer to those three critical aspects of sustainability. It is evident that a rigorously conceptual design has to study the context in detail, including both social and environmental aspects. The project has to look for the optimal use of resources.</p><p>This way of making the conceptual design of a bridge is not new at all. If one studies the way of working of the great masters of engineering such as Maillart, Fernandez Casado or Cardoso, one could recognize that these three aspects were always present in their designs.</p><p>Nevertheless, the current approach to sustainability refers mainly to the use of materials, energy consumption and to CO2 emissions. These factors are of great influence in other disciplines such as industry or building construction, however, there are other factors that fundamentally influence the present and future impact that results from the construction of a bridge.</p><p>It is therefore considered necessary to move forward in this more holistic vision, similar to that which high-quality structural engineering has employed in the past. An integral approach to the conceptual design already used by the great masters of engineering and in which attention always goes beyond the merely structural. In this paper all these aspects are discussed.</p>
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Gao, Fuqing, Jixian Zhang, and Lihai Yuan. "Studies on Pipeline Risk Management in China." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-94067.

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The safety of oil & gas pipelines is vital to the environment, people and properties. In this paper, the pipeline risk management is summarized. A management plan of pipeline integrity adopted worldwide based on intelligent inspection is introduced, and the actuality of pipeline risk management in China and the problems are mentioned. An integrated solution which emphasizes that the legislation on pipeline safety is the safeguard of it, to enhance pipeline safety management is the key for it and to design pipeline databases and risk assessment system based on digital computerized technology is the foundation of pipeline safety, is proposed. Only these three aspects are closely worked in, can the pipeline risk be effectively controlled, so that it is possible to reduce pipeline risk in maximum and keep pipelines operating safely and efficiently.
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Reports on the topic "Risk management – Environmental aspects"

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Qiao, Baoyun, Xiaoqin Fan, Hanif Rahemtulla, Hans van Rijn, and Lina Li. Critical Issues for Fiscal Reform in the People’s Republic of China Part 1: Revenue and Expenditure Management. Asian Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220575-2.

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This paper examines revenue and expenditure management in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and recommends ways to cut risk and strengthen the resilience of the fiscal system. The paper outlines the PRC’s fiscal reforms and the impact of COVID-19. It notes the financing gap facing subnational governments that play a key role in providing public investment in infrastructure. The authors discuss the PRC’s need to adjust its focus on economic growth to tackle its fiscal imbalance, improve the sustainability of local government finances, and address inequality and environmental degradation. This paper is the first of two on key aspects of fiscal reform in the PRC.
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BOLLES, M. D. Programmatic Risk Management Benchmarking of the USDOE Environmental Management Contractor Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807765.

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Osti, Rabindra. Integrating Flood and Environmental Risk Management: Principles and Practices. Asian Development Bank, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps189607-2.

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Hammonds, J. S., F. O. Hoffman, R. K. White, and D. B. Miller. Background risk information to assist in risk management decision making. Environmental Restoration Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185050.

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Moore, David W., Todd S. Bridges, Carlos Ruiz, Jerome Cura, and Susan Kane. Environmental Risk Assessment and Dredged Material Management: Issues and Application. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada360840.

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LePoire, D. J., J. Arnish, E. Gnanapragasam, T. Klett, R. Johnson, S. Y. Chen, B. Biwer, and C. Yu. OpenLink : a flexible integration system for environmental risk analysis and management. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789678.

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Bonfil, David J., Daniel S. Long, and Yafit Cohen. Remote Sensing of Crop Physiological Parameters for Improved Nitrogen Management in Semi-Arid Wheat Production Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696531.bard.

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To reduce financial risk and N losses to the environment, fertilization methods are needed that improve NUE and increase the quality of wheat. In the literature, ample attention is given to grid-based and zone-based soil testing to determine the soil N available early in the growing season. Plus, information is available on in-season N topdressing applications as a means of improving GPC. However, the vast majority of research has focused on wheat that is grown under N limiting conditions in sub-humid regions and irrigated fields. Less attention has been given to wheat in dryland that is water limited. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine accuracy in determining GPC of HRSW in Israel and SWWW in Oregon using on-combine optical sensors under field conditions; (2) develop a quantitative relationship between image spectral reflectance and effective crop physiological parameters; (3) develop an operational precision N management procedure that combines variable-rate N recommendations at planting as derived from maps of grain yield, GPC, and test weight; and at mid-season as derived from quantitative relationships, remote sensing, and the DSS; and (4) address the economic and technology-transfer aspects of producers’ needs. Results from the research suggest that optical sensing and the DSS can be used for estimating the N status of dryland wheat and deciding whether additional N is needed to improve GPC. Significant findings include: 1. In-line NIR reflectance spectroscopy can be used to rapidly and accurately (SEP <5.0 mg g⁻¹) measure GPC of a grain stream conveyed by an auger. 2. On-combine NIR spectroscopy can be used to accurately estimate (R² < 0.88) grain test weight across fields. 3. Precision N management based on N removal increases GPC, grain yield, and profitability in rainfed wheat. 4. Hyperspectral SI and partial least squares (PLS) models have excellent potential for estimation of biomass, and water and N contents of wheat. 5. A novel heading index can be used to monitor spike emergence of wheat with classification accuracy between 53 and 83%. 6. Index MCARI/MTVI2 promises to improve remote sensing of wheat N status where water- not soil N fertility, is the main driver of plant growth. Important features include: (a) computable from commercial aerospace imagery that include the red edge waveband, (b) sensitive to Chl and resistant to variation in crop biomass, and (c) accommodates variation in soil reflectance. Findings #1 and #2 above enable growers to further implement an efficient, low cost PNM approach using commercially available on-combine optical sensors. Finding #3 suggests that profit opportunities may exist from PNM based on information from on-combine sensing and aerospace remote sensing. Finding #4, with its emphasis on data retrieval and accuracy, enhances the potential usefulness of a DSS as a tool for field crop management. Finding #5 enables land managers to use a DSS to ascertain at mid-season whether a wheat crop should be harvested for grain or forage. Finding #6a expands potential commercial opportunities of MS imagery and thus has special importance to a majority of aerospace imaging firms specializing in the acquisition and utilization of these data. Finding #6b on index MCARI/MVTI2 has great potential to expand use of ground-based sensing and in-season N management to millions of hectares of land in semiarid environments where water- not N, is the main determinant of grain yield. Finding #6c demonstrates that MCARI/MTVI2 may alleviate the requirement of multiple N-rich reference strips to account for soil differences within farm fields. This simplicity will be less demanding of grower resources, promising substantially greater acceptance of sensing technologies for in-season N management.
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Glantz, C. S., F. V. DiMassa, P. J. Pelto, A. J. Brothers, and A. L. Roybal. Proposed framework for the Western Area Power Administration Environmental Risk Management Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10103727.

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REEP, I. E. Hanford Site Environmental Safety and Health Fiscal Year 2001 Budget-Risk management summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/782084.

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Scott, Bobby R., Zoya B. Tokarskaya, Galina V. Zhuntova, Sergey V. Osovets, and Victor A. ,. Belyaeva, Zinaida D. Syrchikov. Improved Radiation Dosimetry/Risk Estimates to Facilitate Environmental Management of Plutonium-Contaminated Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/923839.

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