Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Riparian vegetation'
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Malm, Renöfält Birgitta. "Vegetation patterns and processes in riparian landscapes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Ecology and Environmental Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-342.
Full textThe objective of this study was to increase understanding of the processes structuring and controlling the species richness of riparian plant communities. In particular, I examined the unimodal relationship, found in many rivers, between plant species richness and location along the river corridor. The most important finding was that this pattern is dynamic and varies with time, most likely in response to large-scale flood disturbances. I also found that the sensitivity to flood disturbance varied with the environmental setting of the riparian reaches. Turbulent sections of the river retained high species richness, whereas tranquil reaches had significantly lower species richness in years following high and prolonged flooding, compared to a period without extreme flood events. Riparian soils along turbulent reaches are more resistant to oxygen depletion during floods, a factor which is likely to contribute to the maintenance of species richness.
The finding that the species richness pattern varied with time led me to ask which factors control plant diversity along riparian zones. I addressed this question by formulating three contrasting, although not mutually exclusive, hypotheses: (1) longitudinal patterns in riparian plant species richness are governed by local, river-related processes independent of the regional species richness, (2) riparian plant species richness is controlled by dispersal along the river, i.e., longitudinal control, and (3) the variation in riparian plant species richness mirrors variation in regional richness, i.e., lateral control. I found indications of all three types of control, although local factors seemed to fit most of the criteria. Riparian species richness was not significantly correlated to species richness in the surrounding upland valley. It was however significantly negatively correlated to soil pH, a local habitat factor of the reach. The fact that the species richness pattern varied in time, corresponding to the presence or absence of extreme flood events suggest that it is influenced by local disturbance regimes. The potential for control by longitudinal dispersal was found to be highest in the middle reaches of a river. Here, the similarity between upland and riparian vegetation was lowest, and invasibility (germination ability) was highest. Earlier work has shown that regulated rivers have an inverted species richness pattern compared to free-flowing rivers, with lowest species richness in the middle reaches. One potential mechanism behind this could be varying susceptibility to disturbance along the river. I tested this by experimentally disturbing the vegetation, applying the same level of disturbance along an entire free-flowing river. However, the response to experimental disturbance did not vary with location, likely because of a major flood disturbance preceding the experiment.
Silva, Rui Pedro Guerreiro Duarte Rivaes. "Predicting the effects of climatic change on mediterranean riparian vegetation using a dynamic vegetation model." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2883.
Full textThe present master's thesis, had as its main objective the application of a dynamic model of riparian habitats in a case study with pronounced mediterranean characteristics. he vegetation model used is based on the existence of water conditions (water height and distance to water) suitable for the development of each type of riparian vegetation in different stages of their development, modeling annually its space-time evolution. The rules underlying the model take into account the height of the flow, the shear stress and duration of flooding. The modeling of vegetation held in ArcGIS environment, bases on three general ohases: initial creation of landscape, simulation of temporal and spatial evolution of vegetation and the presentation of annual results.
Reinecke, Michiel Karl. "Links between lateral riparian vegetation zones and flow." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95482.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Riparian vegetation communities that occur along perennial rivers are structured in lateral zones that run parallel to river flow. This dissertation investigated the structure of South African riparian vegetation communities along perennial, single-thread headwater streams. The central assumption was that lateral zones result from differential species’ responses to changing abiotic factors along a lateral gradient up the river bank. It was first necessary to establish the pattern of zones and whether this pattern occurs repetitively and predictably on different rivers in different biomes. Since the flow regime is considered to be the master variable that controls the occurrence of lateral zones, the link between flow as the major abiotic driver and the distribution of plants in zones was determined. Predictions were made with respect to how variable flow may influence phenological traits, particularly with respect to seed dispersal, and physiological tolerances to drying out and were tested. The existence of lateral zones at reference sites in the Western Cape of South Africa was explored and their vegetation characteristics were described. Plant distribution was related to bank slope, as defined by elevation and distance from the wetted channel edge during summer (dry season) low flow, indicating a direct link to river bank hydraulics. Whether or not the same zonation patterns occur in riparian communities in other parts of South Africa was explored next. The four zones described for Fynbos Riparian Vegetation were evident at all of the other rivers tested, despite major differences in geographic location, vegetation community type, climate and patterns of seasonal flow. The four lateral zones could be separated from each other using a combination of flood recurrence and inundation duration. Functional differences were investigated between three tree species that occur in Fynbos Riparian Vegetation. Functional differences were apparent with respect to timing of seed dispersal, growth in branch length versus girth and three physiological measures of tolerance to drying out; specific leaf area (cm2.g-1), wood density (g.cm-3) and levels of carbon isotopes (δ13C). In order to determine the impact of invasive alien plants and to monitor recovery after clearing, the physical rules devised to help delineate zones were used to locate lateral zones that had been obliterated after invasion and subsequent clearing. At the sites invaded by A. mearnsii plants, the zone delineations showed that invasion started in the lower dynamic zone, where adult and sapling A. mearnsii were most abundant. In un-invaded systems, this zone was the least densely vegetated of the four zones, the most varied in terms of inundation duration and the frequency of inter- and intra-annual floods, and was an area of active recruitment comprised mainly of recruiting seedlings and saplings. An understanding of the functional differences between lateral zones was a common thread at each riparian community that was linked to the annual frequency of inundation and the period, when inundated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oewer plantegroei gemeenskappe wat langs standhoudende riviere voorkom is gestruktureer in laterale sones parallel met die rivier vloei. Hierdie verhandeling ondersoek die struktuur van Suid-Afrikaanse oewer plantegroei gemeenskappe langs standhoudende, enkelloop hoof strome. Die sentrale aanname was dat laterale sones vorm as gevolg van verskillende spesies se reaksie teenoor die verandering van abiotiese faktore teen 'n laterale gradiënt met die rivierbank op. Dit was eers nodig om die patroon van die gebiede vas te stel en uit te vind of hierdie patroon herhaaldelik en voorspelbaar binne verskillende riviere in verskillende biome voorkom. Aangesien die vloeiwyse beskou word as die hoof veranderlike wat die teenwoordigheid van laterale sones beheer, is die skakel tussen die vloei, as die belangrikste abiotiese bestuurder, en die verspreiding van plante in sones bepaal. Voorspellings is gemaak met betrekking tot hoe veranderlike vloei fenologiese eienskappe kan beïnvloed, veral met betrekking tot die saad verspreiding, en fisiologiese toleransie teen uitdroog, en is getoets. Die bestaan van laterale sones binne verwysings studie terreine in die Wes-Kaap van Suid- Afrika is ondersoek en hul plantegroei eienskappe is beskryf. Plant verspreiding was verwant aan bank helling, soos gedefinieer deur hoogte en afstand vanaf die nat kanaal rand gedurende somer (droë seisoen) lae vloei, en dui dus op 'n direkte skakel met die rivier bank hidroulika. Of dieselfde sonering patrone voorkom in oewer gemeenskappe in ander dele van Suid-Afrika is volgende verken. Die vier sones beskryf vir fynbos oewer plantegroei was duidelik by al die ander riviere wat ondersoek is, ten spyte van groot verskille in geografiese ligging, plantegroei gemeenskap tipe, klimaat en patrone van seisoenale vloei. Die vier laterale sones kan onderskei word van mekaar deur middel van 'n kombinasie van vloed herhaling en oorstroomde toestand duur. Funksionele verskille is ondersoek tussen drie boom spesies wat voorkom in Fynbos Oewer Plantegroei. Funksionele verskille was duidelik met betrekking tot tydsberekening van saad verspreiding, groei in tak lengte tenoor omtrek, en drie fisiologiese maatstawwe van verdraagsaamheid teenoor uitdroging; spesifieke blaar area (cm2.g-1), hout digtheid (g.cm-3) en vlakke van koolstof isotope (δ13C). Ten einde die impak van indringerplante te bepaal en die herstel na ontbossing te monitor is die fisiese reëls voorheen vasgestel om sones te help baken gebruik om laterale sones, wat vernietig is na indringing en die daaropvolgende ontbossing, te vind. Op die terreine wat deur A. mearnsii indringerplante binnegeval is, het die indeling van sones getoon dat die indringing begin het in die laer dinamiese sone, waar volwasse en klein A. mearnsii bome die volopste was. In stelsels wat nie binnegeval is deur indringerplante was hierdie sone die minste dig begroei van die vier sones, die mees verskillend in terme van oorstroomde toestand duur en die frekwensie van inter-en intra-jaarlikse vloede, en was 'n gebied van aktiewe werwing hoofsaaklik bestaande uit rekruut saailinge en boompies. 'n Begrip van die funksionele verskille tussen laterale sones was 'n algemene verskynsel by elke oewer gemeenskap wat gekoppel was aan die jaarlikse frekwensie van oorstroming en die oorstroomde toestand duur.
Destun, Krystofer J. "Mapping stream fish distribution and abundance from riparian vegetation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35882.pdf.
Full textHelfield, James M. "Interactions of salmon, bear and riparian vegetation in Alaska /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5487.
Full textNeary, Daniel G., Silke Buschmann, and Peter F. Ffolliott. "Function of Riparian Vegetation in Retaining Sediment in Watersheds." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296706.
Full textSen, Omer Lutfi, and Omer Lutfi Sen. "Atmospheric Exchanges of Riparian Vegetation in a Semi-Arid Environment." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626826.
Full textLymburner, Leo. "Mapping riparian vegetation functions using remote sensing and terrain analysis." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2821.
Full textMoggridge, Helen Louise. "The dispersal establishment and growth of vegetation in riparian environments." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499985.
Full textStröm, Lotta. "Effects of climate change on boreal wetland and riparian vegetation." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43811.
Full textCastellano, Jorge Aurora. "Species richness in riparian vegetation, a pilot study in Halmstad." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Miljövetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27952.
Full textKozarek, Jessica Lindberg. "Channel Morphology and Riparian Vegetation Influences on Fluvial Aquatic Habitat." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77172.
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Scott, Russell Lawrence. "Riparian and rangeland soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions in southeastern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284006.
Full textHansel, James R. "INFLUENCE OF URBANIZATION ON WOODY RIPARIAN PLANT COMMUNITIES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113852536.
Full textOluju, Philemon. "Literature Review of the impacts of riparian vegetation on stream chemistry." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-35206.
Full textPresentation was conducted via Skype
Garteizgogeascoa, María. "Do riparian plant functional groups from northern Sweden respond differently to hydropeaking?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127114.
Full textSilva, Rui Pedro Guerreiro Duarte Rivaes da. "Exploring riparian vegetation interactions with flow regime and fluvial processes for an improved river management and conservation." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UL, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17516.
Full textEggers, Margaret Joy Slack. "Riparian Vegetation of the Montana Yellowstone and Cattle Grazing Impacts Thereon." Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/eggers/EggersM1205.pdf.
Full textDuke, Jacquelyn R. White Joseph Daniel. "The response of riparian vegetation to PL-566 flood control structures." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4214.
Full textBigelow, Sarah Grace, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Impacts of flow augmentation on river channel processes and riparian vegetation." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/649.
Full textxiv, 139 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.
Cahlander-Mooers, Alex. "Riparian Vegetation and Land Cover along the Great Plains' White River." Thesis, University of South Dakota, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10006278.
Full textOverall, the results of this study show that there are evident trends among the three ecoregions and delta of the White River. The forest stands of the Pine Ridge/Pierre Shale Ecoregion are the oldest along the river, as evidenced by aerial mapping going back into the 1930s and by the larger average trunk diameters of the trees. Historic aerial photographs for this ecoregion shows a relative static system from the 1930s-2010, with little destruction of existing or creation of new forests within the floodplain. Along with the older age of the forests, the stands in this ecoregion have the lowest floral diversity. The Pine Ridge/Pierre Shale forests are also unique along the river in that they are largely dominated by Acer negundo (box elder), a late-successional species that is largely absent from the forests of the other ecoregions. As the river continues downstream and enters the Badlands Ecoregion it gains size and volume, while its riparian forests decrease in patch size and tree density. Although the forests become smaller, the variety of communities and diversity of species increase. Unlike the Pine Ridge/Pierre Shale Ecoregion, the Badlands’ land cover was dynamic from the 1930s-2010, with increases in forest and declines in river channel area (-29%). Farther downstream and with a larger river channel, the River Breaks has even larger and more diverse riparian forests and the highest plant species richness and diversity among the ecoregions. The rate of land cover change was the greatest in the River Breaks, as the larger river has greater power for eroding existing communities and depositing sediment for recruitment. The area of riparian woody vegetation increased sharply from the 1930s-2010 (58%), while the area of channel declined (-20%). This ecoregion had the most perennial streamflow, with fewer zero flow days than in the upstream ecoregions. The Delta is unique as the only portion of the river where flows are affected by the Fort Randall Dam on the Missouri River. The impact of the reservoir on the area is evident, as it has the largest proportional area of forest along the river, as well as having the flora with the highest wetland affinity.
Herbert, Rachel Rosemarie. "Vegetation and nutrient dynamics of forested riparian wetlands in agricultural settings." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2547.
Full textThesis research directed by: Marine, Estuarine, Environmental Sciences Graduate Program . Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Nguyen, Uyen. "Multiscale Remote Sensing Analysis To Monitor Riparian And Upland Semiarid Vegetation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556735.
Full textvon, Behren Christa. "Composition and Dispersal Dynamics of Vegetation Communities in Urban Riparian Forests." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4409.
Full textWhitman, Heather L. "Effects of Adjacent Land-use Practices and Environmental Factors on Riparian Vegetation and Water Quality in the Sugar Creek Watershed, Northeastern Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250568833.
Full textMagoba, Rozwivhona Faith. "Influences of river flows on recruitment success of Fynbos riparian vegetation along selected high gradient streams in the Western Cape, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4362.
Full textRiparian vegetation occurs in two distinct zones, the wet bank and the dry bank. Knowledge on how the flow regime influences the zonal structure of riparian vegetation is required to mitigate the adverse effects of water resource utilization on riparian vegetation. The first objective of this study was to determine whether flow exerts a physical influence on zonal structure pre- or post-recruitment. An examination of the survival of seedlings and saplings was conducted along Western Cape rivers to investigate seedling persistence and survival on lateral zones. A comparison of the ratios of seedlings, saplings and adults in different riparian zones for the years, 2004, 2011 and 2013, was carried out. The results suggest that in general seeds are deposited randomly on the banks, where they germinate and become seedlings. Seedlings that become established at locations unsuitable for their persistence into adulthood are removed either by high flows or perish during dry conditions. Thus, lateral zonation eventually develops due to species differences in tolerance to conditions at different positions on the banks. The second objective was to explore the effects of the reduction in dry season low flows on the recruitment success of riparian species at sites upstream and downstream of abstraction points. At most sites plants were arranged into different lateral zones and the numbers of species between upstream and downstream sites were not significantly different. There were significant differences in the abundances between up- and downstream sites, with the loss of herbaceous plants and sedges at downstream sites, both of which favour moist conditions. Also, in the absence of dry season flows, the seedlings of dry bank tree species recruited closer to the channel than those at the sites with summer flows. The shifting of the dry bank into the channel narrows the channel, which may affect the hydraulic pressures exerted during floods. The spatial arrangement in the riparian zone has as much to do with flow conditions post recruitment as it does with conditions during recruitment. This shows that the structure of riparian plants is determined not only by whether or not the minimum flows are met, this points to the need to reinstate the naturally variable flow and adopting a holistic approach for the understanding and management of aquatic systems.
Kim, Ho J. "Combined Use of Vegetation and Water Indices from Remotely-Sensed AVIRIS and MODIS Data to Monitor Riparian and Semiarid Vegetation." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2006. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1451%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Full textMartinez, Adriana. "The Geomorphic Effects of Native and Invasive Riparian Vegetation: Sprague River, Oregon." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13255.
Full text2015-10-03
Shen, Li. "Influence of woody plant on spring and riparian vegetation in central Texas." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1373.
Full textIsaksson, Malin. "Response of riparian vegetation to removal of the Kuba dam in Nätraån." Thesis, Umeå University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-34762.
Full textVan, De Wiel Marco Johan. "Numerical modelling of channel adjustment in alluvial meandering rivers with riparian vegetation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398726.
Full textSieben, E. J. J. "The riparian vegetation of the Hottentots Holland Mountains, Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16069.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Riparian vegetation has received a lot of attention in South Africa recently, mainly because of its importance in bank stabilization and its influence on flood regimes and water conservation. The upper reaches have thus far received the least of this attention because of their inaccessibility. This study mainly focuses on these reaches where riparian vegetation is still mostly in a pristine state. The study area chosen for this purpose is the Hottentots Holland Mountains in the Southwestern Cape, the area with the highest rainfall in the Cape Floristic Region, which is very rich in species. Five rivers originate in this area and the vegetation described around them covers a large range of habitats, from high to low altitude, with different geological substrates and different rainfall regimes. All of these rivers are heavily disturbed in their lower reaches but are still relatively pristine in their upper reaches. All of them are dammed in at least one place, except for the Lourens River. An Interbasin Transfer Scheme connects the Eerste-, Berg- and Riviersonderend Rivers. The water of this scheme is stored mainly in Theewaterskloof Dam. Another big dam for water storage, Skuifraam Dam, will be built on the Berg River near Franschhoek in the nearby future. In order to study the vegetation around a river, a zonation pattern on the river bank is described and several physical habitats are recognized. A primary distinction is made between a Wet Bank (flooding at least once a year) and a Dry Bank (flooding less than once a year). The Dry Bank is further subdivided into a Lower Dynamic, a Shrub/Tree and a Back Dynamic Zone. In the lower reaches these zones are very distinct, but in the upper reaches of a river they tend to blend into each other and some zones can be absent or very narrow. Vegetation has been sampled in transects across the riverbed, following the Braun-Blanquet method. Additional vegetation samples have been recorded in the bogs and mires at the sources of the rivers. Vegetation structure and physical habitat has been described to contribute to the description of the vegetation types. In order to understand the environmental processes that determine the vegetation, environmental parameters were recorded in every vegetation sample, such as, slope, aspect, rockiness and soil variables. The classification of the vegetation samples resulted in the identification and subsequent description of 26 riverine and 11 mire communities. The riverinecommunities have been subdivided into ten Community Groups, including a group of Aquatic communities and three groups of Wet Bank communities. The main distinction within the Wet Bank Zone is the importance of erosion or deposition as a driving force of the ecosystem. Three groups of Fynbos communities are identified in the Back Dynamic Zone, with Asteraceous Fynbos occurring on shales and granites, Ericaceous Fynbos occurring on Table Mountain Group sandstones and Transitional Fynbos on a variety of substrates. One community group is characterized by the dominance of Cliffortia odorata, which shows affinity with some renosterveld communities known from literature. The two final groups contain the Afromontane Forests and Riparian Scrub communities, respectively. Discharges are calculated from data recorded at existing gauging weirs. The recurrence intervals, inundation levels and stream power of several flood events are derived from these data and are extrapolated to upstream sites. It appears that most vegetation types in the zonation pattern on the riverbank can be explained by these flood events, except for the Afromontane Forests, which are dependent on other sitespecific factors including protection from fire. Constrained and unconstrained ordinations are used to relate vegetation patterns to the environment. The vegetation is determined by three environmental gradients, operating at different scales. The lateral gradient across the riverbed is mainly determined by inundation frequency and stream power, which are difficult to measure in rocky mountain situations, although variables like distance from the water’s edge, elevation above the water level and rockiness are correlated to them. The longitudinal gradient is the gradient along the length of the river, from high to low altitude. This gradient has the least influence on the riparian vegetation. The geographical gradient reflects the large-scale climatic processes across the mountain range. This gradient accounts for the biggest part of the total explained variation. Important variables are especially the ratio between the summer and winter rainfall and the geological substrate. In the Fynbos Biome, where gamma diversity is extremely high, large-scale environmental processes are important in azonal vegetation as well. The most species-rich vegetation associated with the rivers is found furthest from the water’s edge at intermediate altitudes. Knowledge about the vegetation types and environmental processes in Western Cape rivers is essential for monitoring and maintaining these special ecosystems. Specific threats are related to possible abstraction of water from theTable Mountain Group aquifer and from climate change, which might result in an overall drying of the ecosystem.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Riviere se oewerplantegroei kry die laaste tyd baie aandag in Suid-Afrika, hoofsaaklik vanweë die belang vir die beheer van vloede, stabilisasie van die oewers en die bewaring van drinkwater. Die hoë-liggende dele van die riviere het tot dusver die minste aandag geniet omdat hulle tot ’n groot mate ontoeganklik is weens die onherbergsame terrein waarin hulle geleë is. In hierdie studie is daar veral na bergstrome gekyk waar die plantegroei nog taamlik natuurlik en onversteur is. Die studiegebied wat vir hierdie doel gekies is, is die Hottentots-Holland berge in die Wes-Kaap. Die gebied het die hoogste reënval in die Kaapse Floristiese Ryk en is ook baie ryk aan spesies. Vyf riviere het in hierdie gebied hulle oorsprong. Die plantegroei wat hier voorkom sluit ‘n wye reeks habitatte in: van hoog tot laag in hoogte bo seespieël, verskeie geologiese substrate asook verskillende reënval patrone. Al die vyf riviere wat ondersoek is, is baie versteur in hul onderlope, maar is nog grotendeels natuurlik in hul hoë-liggende dele. Almal is reeds opgedam deur een of meer damme, behalwe die Lourensrivier. ’n Tussenopvanggebied-oordragskema verbind tans die Eerste-, Berg- en Riviersonderendriviere met mekaar. Die water uit hierdie riviere word tans hoofsaaklik in die Theewaterskloofdam opgegaar. ’n Verdere groot opgaardam, die sogenaamde Skuifraamdam, word binnekort in die Bergrivier te Franschhoek gebou. Al die riviere se onderlope is tot ’n mindere of meerdere mate vervuil met landbou- en rioolafvoerprodukte. Uitheemse indringerplante, wat die natuurlike oewerplantegroei verdring, skep veral probleme stroomaf van plantasies en dorpe. Om die plantegroei van die rivieroewers na te vors, te klassifiseer en te beskryf, is variasies in die fisiese omgewing bepaal en korrelasies gesoek om die verspreiding van die plantegroei te verklaar. Die belangrikste verdeling in die oewerplantegroei wat gevind is, is tussen die Nat-oewersone (dit word meer as een keer per jaar oorstroom) en die Droë-oewersone (dit word minder as een keer per jaar oorstroom). Die Droë-oewersone word verder onderverdeel in die Laerdinamiesesone, die Boom/Struiksone en die Agter-dinamiesesone. In die laer dele van die rivier is hierdie soneringspatrone baie duidelik, maar in die boonste dele van die rivier kan die onderverdelings dikwels nie van mekaar onderskei word nie omdat hulle gemeng is, of kan die sones baie smal wees of selfs heeltemal afwesig wees.Die plantegroei is gemonster in transekte wat dwarsoor die rivierloop uitgelê is. Die Braun-Blanquet monstertegniek is gevolg. Bykomende monsterpersele is opgemeet in die moerasse in die boonste dele van die berg-opvanggebiede. Om die omgewingsprosesse wat die plantegroei bepaal te verstaan, is ’n aantal omgewingsfaktore in elke monsterperseel aangeteken, wat, onder andere, helling, aspek en bedekking van rotse ingesluit het, terwyl die variasie in samestelling van die bodem ook aangeteken is. Die klassifikasie van die plantegroei het tot die beskrywing van 26 plantgemeenskappe in die riviere en 11 gemeenskappe in die moerasse gelei. Die struktuur van die plantegroei asook kenmerke van die fisiese habitat is in die beskrywing van die plantegroei-eenhede ingesluit. Die gemeenskappe in die riviere is onderverdeel in tien gemeenskapsgroepe. Daar is een gemeenskapsgroep wat die akwatiese gemeenskappe en drie wat die Nat-oewersone gemeenskappe insluit. Die belangrikste verskille tussen die verskillende Nat-oewersone gemeenskappe word bepaal deur die mate waartoe erosie of deposisie voorkom. Daar is ook drie gemeenskapsgroepe van Fynbos onderskei wat in die Agter-dinamiesesone voorkom. Dit sluit in die Aster-fynbos op die skalies en graniete, die Erica-fynbos op die sandstene en die Oorgangs-fynbos op gemengde substrate. Een gemeenskapsgroep is deur die dominansie van Cliffortia odorata gekenmerk. Dit toon verwantskap met renosterveld gemeenskappe wat reeds in die literatuur beskryf is. Die laaste twee groepe sluit die Afromontane woude en Oewerstruikbosse in. Die waterafloop is bereken deur middel van data verkry vanaf bestaande keerwal meetstasies. Die herhalings-intervalle, oorstromingsdiepte en vloei-sterkte van verskillende vloedtipes word vanaf hierdie data afgelei en stroomop geekstrapoleer. Die meeste plantegroeivariasie op die oewers kan deur die vloede verklaar word, behalwe in die geval van die Afromontane woude, wat deur ander omgewingsfaktore bepaal is. Beperkte en onbeperkte ordinasie is gebruik om die verband tussen die plantegroeipatrone en die omgewing te bepaal. Die plantegroei se verspreiding is bepaal deur drie omgewingsgradiënte, wat op verskillende skale ‘n uitwerking het. Die laterale gradiënt oor die rivierbedding is hoofsaaklik bepaal deur oorstromingsfrekwensie en stroomvloeisterkte. Hierdie veranderlikes is moeilik bepaalbaar, alhoewel ander soos, afstand vanaf die rivier, hoogte bo watervlak en bedekking van rotse, wat hieraan gekorreleer is, wel meetbaar is. Die lengte gradiënt,dit is die gradiënt wat van oorsprong na einde langs die lengte van die rivier teenwoordig is, het die minste invloed op die plantegroei. Die geografiese gradiënt weerspieel die grootskaalse klimaatsveranderinge oor die bergreeks. Deur hierdie gradiënt word die grootste deel van die totale variasie tussen die monsters verklaar. Die belangrikste veranderlikes is die verhouding van somer- teenoor winter-reënval en die geologiese substraat. Soortgelyk aan die fynbos in die Fynbosbioom, waar gammadiversiteit buitegewoon hoog is, is die grootskaalse omgewingsprosesse, ook vir asonale oewerplantegroei, baie belangrik. Die spesierykste plantegroei rondom die rivier word die verste van die oewer op gemiddelde hoogtes bo seespieël gevind. Kennis oor die plantegroei en die omgewingsprosesse in die riviere in die Wes-Kaap is belangrik vir die monitering en effektiewe beheer van hierdie besondere ekosisteem. Spesifieke bedreigings is gekoppel aan die potensiële ontginning van water uit die akwifer in die Tafelberggroep-sedimente asook deur grootskaalse klimaatsveranderinge waartydens die hoeveelheid water, volgens voorspellings, waarskynlik sal afneem in hierdie ekosisteem.
Link, Austin. "Restoration of Upland and Riparian Vegetation Communities in the Sheyenne River Valley." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27509.
Full textRobert H. Levis II Cross Ranch Fellowship
Gladys Allen Trust of St. Louis
Red River Regional Council
North Dakota Department of Health
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Vandermyde, Jodi Marie. "MACROINVERTEBRATE RESPONSES TO REMOVAL OF RIPARIAN WOODY VEGETATION ALONG TALLGRASS PRAIRIE STREAMS." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1068.
Full textPolitti, Emilio. "Investigating and modelling the interaction among vegetation, hydrodynamics and morphology." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/33928.
Full textMiquelajauregui, Yosune. "Vegetation community development eight years after harvesting in small streams buffers at the Malcolm Knapp Research Forest." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/724.
Full textSlater, Steven J. "Wyoming's riparian bird communities issues of scale and human-caused vegetation and landscape change /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1212779261&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textMacKay, Mark Andrew. "Development and evaluation of a technique for evaluating riparian vegetation change in the tallgrass prairie." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4102.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (June 30, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Berglund, Louise. "Riparian Vegetation Distribution along the Ume River : Predicted responses of riparian plants to environmental flow modifications in run-of-river impoundments." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-89687.
Full textÄlvmiljöer utgör komplexa och dynamiska ekosystem som tillhandahåller värdefulla ekosystemtjänster så som rent vatten. Den artrika strandvegetation bidrar till många viktiga ekosystemsfunktioner som närings- och giftupptag och till minskad erosion. Vattenregleringen med förändrade flödesregimer har minskat artrikedom, täckningsgrad och tillväxt av strandväxter. För restaurering av strandekosystemen kan omreglering till mer naturliga säsongsvariationer i vattenståndet vara nödvändigt. Den här studien syftade till att förutsäga hur utbredningen av strandväxter längs stränder i vattenkraftsmagasin potentiellt skulle förändras vid användande av miljöanpassade flöden för att mer likna naturliga flödesregimer i outbyggda älvar. Jag undersökte växternas utbredning i höjdled på stranden längs två magasin i Umeälven och beräknade sannolikheten för varje arts förekomst längs strandens översvämningsgradient. Av de arter som förekom i både Umeälven och den närliggande, outbyggda Vindelälven jämfördes växternas utbredningsgränser i respektive älv. De flesta arterna uppvisade liknande översvämningstolerans i Umeälven och Vindelälven. För att förutsäga förändringar i utbredning som respons på tre olika simulerade miljöanpassade vattenståndsregimer, jämfördes arternas översvämningstolerans vid nuvarade vattenstånd med simulerade vattenståndsregimer. En simulerad vårflod och lågt vattenstånd under sensommaren förväntas ge de största responserna i artutbredning med ökningar på 70-80% för ett flertal strandväxter. Endast 47% av älvstränderna i magasinen i Umeälven bedöms vara lämpliga för växtetablering eftersom stora delar av strandsträckorna är branta och saknar finkornigt substrat till följd av erosion.
Kuglerová, Lenka. "Grow with the flow : Hydrological controls of riparian vegetation in boreal stream networks." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100217.
Full textPollen, Natasha. "The effects of riparian vegetation on stream-bank stability : mechanical and hydrological interactions." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409016.
Full textHortobágyi, Borbála. "Multi-scale interactions between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes (the lower Allier River)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL001/document.
Full textN ecosystems, such as rivers, salt marshes, mangroves, coastal dunes which are exposed to frequent and regular hydrogeomorphic fluxes (i.e. physical disturbances), feedbacks between geomorphology (water, sediment and landforms) and plants (e.g. Populus nigra L., Salix alba L., Salix purpurea L. in rivers) can occur. Vegetation esta¬blishment is controlled by hydrogeomorphic processes which in turn are modulated by vegetation. Such feedbacks control riparian ecosystem dynamics. In this thesis, we addressed two main questions in an effort to better understand feedbacks between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes: (i) How does riparian vegetation respond to hydrogeomorphic constraints? (ii) How, and to what extent, do established engineer plants affect fluvial geomorphology? We studied these questions through a nested multi-scale approach from landscape pattern to plant trait scales on the dynamic wandering Allier River (France). We tested the applicability of the method of photogrammetry to quantify the response and the effect of riparian vegetation and biogeomorphic feedbacks at different spatio-temporal scales (i.e. corridor, alluvial bar and individual). At the corridor scale, we searched for the topographic signature of riparian vegetation in the landscape, using photogrammetric and LiDAR data. At the intermediate alluvial bar scale, we investigated the aptitude of three dominant pioneer riparian Salicaceae species (P. nigra, S. purpurea and S. alba) to establish and to act as ecosystem engineers by trap¬ping fine sediment. At the finest, plant trait scale, we quantified the relation between response trait attributes of young P. nigra plants and their exposure to three different levels of mechanical stress (a highly exposed bar-head, a less exposed bar-tail, a chute channel). We identified some difficulties or failures to properly apply photogrammetry in biogeomorphic feedback studies. However, photogrammetry appeared as a useful tool to quantify a set of relevant parameters to respond to fundamental research questions concerning biogeomorphic feedbacks at the three nested spatial scales. At the broadest, the topographic signature of vegetation was not easy to capture because of the complex shifting mosaic of landforms of the Allier River. However, by focusing on more connec¬ted, restricted areas (i.e. alluvial bars), the signature of vegetation could be captured. It seems to increase with increasing vegetation height corresponding to the evolutionary phases of the fluvial biogeomorphic succession (FBS) model. At the intermediate, alluvial bar scale, biogeomorphic feedbacks could be well identified. The capacity of riparian plants to establish and act as ecosystem engineers depended both on species and their physiognomy, their age and their location on alluvial bars. At the finest, individual plant scale, we captured the contrasting morphological and biomechanical response of P. nigra to variable mechanical stress exposure from a trait perspective. In all hierarchical levels, scale-related biogeomorphic feedbacks were detected and described in a conceptual model. The three scales were considered as cycles composed of four different phases, which can have a variable temporality. The broadest spatio-temporal scale represents the evolution over several decades of the landscape mosaic resulting from the balance between constructive (vegetation establishment, growth and succession) and destruc¬tive (floods) forces. [...]
Hough-Snee, Nathaniel. "Relationships between Riparian Vegetation, Hydrology, Climate and Disturbance across the Western United States." Thesis, Utah State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10154374.
Full textFlow regime, the magnitude, duration and timing of streamflow, controls the development of floodplain landforms on which riparian vegetation communities assemble. Streamflow scours and deposits sediment, structures floodplain soil moisture dynamics, and transports propagules. Flow regime interacts with environmental gradients like climate, land-use, and biomass-removing disturbance to shape riparian plant distributions across landscapes. These gradients select for groups of riparian plant species with traits that allow them to establish, grow, and reproduce on floodplains – riparian vegetation guilds. Here I ask, what governs the distributions of groups of similar riparian plant species across landscapes? To answer this question, I identify relationships between riparian vegetation guilds and communities and environmental gradients across the American West. In Chapter One, I discuss guild-based classification in the context of community ecology and streams. In Chapter Two, I identified five woody riparian vegetation guilds across the interior Columbia and upper Missouri River Basins, USA, based on species’ traits and morphological attributes. I modeled guild occurrence across environmental gradients, including climate, disturbance, channel form attributes that reflect hydrology, and relationships between guilds. I found guilds’ distributions were related to hydrology, disturbance, and competitive or complementary interactions (niche partitioning) between co-occurring guilds. In Chapter Three, I examine floodplain riparian vegetation across the American West, identifying how hydrology, climate, and floodplain alteration shape riparian vegetation communities and their guilds. I identified eight distinct plant communities ranging from high elevation mixed conifer forests to gallery cottonwood forests to Tamarisk-dominated novel shrublands. I aggregated woody species into four guilds based on their traits and morphological attributes: an evergreen tree guild, a mesoriparian shrub guild, a mesoriparian tree guild, and a drought and hydrologic disturbance tolerant shrub guild. Communities and guilds’ distributions were governed by climate directly, and indirectly as mediated through streamflow. In Chapter Four, I discuss the utility of guild-based assessments of riparian vegetation, current limitations to these approaches, and potential future applications of the riparian vegetation guild concept to floodplain conservation and management. The classification of vegetation into functional trait-based guilds provides a flexible, framework from which to understand riparian biogeography, complementing other models frameworks for riparian vegetation.
Amundsen, Kelly J. "Mapping Riparian Vegetation in the Lower Colorado River Using Low Resolution Satellite Imagery." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1292855785.
Full textSablak, Gregg Thomas. "Link between macroinvertebrate community, riparian vegetation and channel geomorphology in agricultural drainage ditches." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407506954.
Full textGeli, Hatim M. E. "Modeling Spatial Surface Energy Fluxes of Agricultural and Riparian Vegetation Using Remote Sensing." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1165.
Full textMartin, Douglas J. "Production of cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) in relation to riparian vegetation in Bear Creek, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5369.
Full textLindström, Ludvig. "How do functional riparian groups from northern Sweden respond to hydropeaking? : Short-term indoors study on germination, mortality and performance of Swedish riparian species from different species groups subjected to water treatments mimicking hydropeaking." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122394.
Full textAnderson, Brett Gordon. "Quantifying the interaction between riparian vegetation and flooding : from cross-section to catchment scale /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2086.
Full textGumbert, Amanda A. "INFLUENCE OF RIPARIAN BUFFER MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON SOIL PROPERTIES." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/27.
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