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1
Hrtan, Ervín. "The nesting of the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) in a man-made building." Slovak Raptor Journal 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10262-012-0051-1.
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The nesting of the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) in a man-made buildingPair of Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) was found in 2010 nesting in an abandoned man-made building in Východo-slovenská rovina Lowlands near a small fragment of riparian forest. Observation represents first case of nesting in such roost and second case of nesting on lowland in large open agrocoenosis in Slovakia.
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Aubé, Mélanie. "The pre-European settlement forest composition of the Miramichi River watershed, New Brunswick, as reconstructed using witness trees from original land surveys." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 5 (May 2008): 1159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-202.
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The goal of this investigation was to characterize the pre-European settlement forest composition of the Miramichi River watershed using witness trees to contribute to the definition of a baseline for assessing changes over time in the Acadian forest. The witness tree data were stratified by ecoregion and by ecosite, for the portions of the watershed that are in the Northern Uplands, Continental Lowlands, and Eastern Lowlands ecoregions of New Brunswick, as well as by riparian and inland forest; and pre-settlement forest composition (1787–1847) was compared with current forest composition (1998–2000). The witness tree data constitute evidence that a distinctive riparian forest existed before European settlement and that the difference between riparian and inland forest has lessened. They show that the proportions of Betula spp., Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, Ulmus americana L., and Thuja occidentalis L. have decreased; that the proportion of Acer spp. has increased and that Picea spp. and Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. var. balsamea have maintained their overall dominance of the forest in number of individuals, and have increased it on at least 50% of the watershed area.
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Steiness, Jessen, Spitilli, van’t Veen, Højberg, and Engesgaard. "The Role of Management of Stream–Riparian Zones on Subsurface–Surface Flow Components." Water 11, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 1905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091905.
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A managed riparian lowland in a glacial landscape (Holtum catchment, Denmark) was studied to quantify the relative importance of subsurface and surface flow to the recipient stream. The hydrogeological characterization combined geoelectrical methods, lithological logs, and piezometric heads with monthly flow measurements of springs, a ditch, and a drain, to determine seasonality and thereby infer flow paths. In addition, groundwater discharge through the streambed was estimated using temperature and water-stable isotopes as tracers. The lowland received large groundwater inputs with minimal seasonal variations from adjacent upland aquifers. This resulted in significant amounts of groundwater-fed surface flow to the stream, via man-made preferential flow paths comprising ditches, drainage systems, and a pond, and via two natural springs. Roughly, two thirds of the stream gain was due to surface flow to the stream, mainly via anthropogenic alterations. In contrast, direct groundwater discharge through the streambed accounted for only 4% of the stream flow gain, although bank seepage (not measured) to the straightened and deepened stream potentially accounted for an additional 17%. Comparison to analogous natural flow systems in the catchment substantiate the impact of anthropogenic alterations of riparian lowlands for the subsurface and surface flow components to their streams.
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Correia, Pedro, Artur A. Sá, J. Brendan Murphy, Zbynĕk Šimůnek, and Deolinda Flores. "Lesleya Lesquereux from the Pennsylvanian of the Iberian Massif: part of a dryland megaflora from the Variscan orogen, northwestern Portugal." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 9 (September 2016): 883–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0213.
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The Carboniferous – early Permian plant genus Lesleya is a characteristic component of “dryland floras” that occupied a wide range of moisture-stressed, well-drained environments in tropical regions of Euramerica. Fossil records of Lesleya are almost exclusively found in basinal lowlands. For example, occurrences in Early Pennsylvanian-age, seasonally dry, parautochthonous deposits in basinal lowlands of North America (e.g., Illinois Basin, USA) indicate that Lesleya lived in that region in low-altitude (lowland) paleoenvironments during dry climatic intervals. In this paper, we document the first occurrence of Lesleya during the Carboniferous on the Iberian Massif, in lower Gzhelian (Upper Pennsylvanian) strata of the Douro Carboniferous Basin, in northwestern Portugal. This newly discovered occurrence includes a new species, Lesleya iberiensis sp. nov., recognized on the basis of natural molds of leaves. The Portuguese Lesleya fossils are from upland intramontane deposits and occur between coal beds. Their fossil remains are preserved in mica-rich shales that were deposited between sandstone-dominated fluvial and shale-dominated lacustrine deposits, suggesting that this megaflora was deposited near freshwater bodies. These new data provide evidence that this megaflora grew in mountain riparian environments within the Variscan orogen, either in localized, well-drained areas or during drier climatic intervals in the Late Pennsylvanian.
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Ligtermoet, Emma, Jane M. Chambers, Halina T. Kobryn, and Jenny Davis. "Determining the extent and condition of riparian zones in drinking water supply catchments in Sarawak, Malaysia." Water Supply 9, no. 5 (December 1, 2009): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2009.580.
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Land cover within eight drinking water catchments in Sarawak was classified into six categories using satellite imagery and GIS. The categories represented varying levels of vegetation modification from largely undisturbed or mature secondary vegetation (Category 1) through to bare, non-vegetated areas (Category 6). Rivers less than ∼10 m in width were usually ‘invisible’ on satellite images because of dense canopy cover. More than 70% of headwaters in all catchments, except one (Buri Bakong), were not visible, indicating the presence of dense riparian vegetation. For the river sections that were visible on satellite images, 5%–22% of the riparian buffer was highly degraded (completely lacking vegetation). The highest degree of riparian modification occurred in the lowlands, the midland catchment of Tingkas and the highland catchment of Trusan. Although Sarawak government policy requires buffer widths of 5–50 m of natural vegetation to be retained along all streams and rivers in drinking water supply catchments these guidelines were not met at nine of the eleven field sites surveyed. These results suggest that compliance with buffer guidelines is important to water quality in rivers, particularly in logging areas, oil palm plantations and near settlements.
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Štěpánková, P., K. Černý, V. Strnadová, P. Hanáček, and M. Tomšovský. "Identification of Phytophthora alni subspecies in riparian stands in the Czech Republic." Plant Protection Science 49, Special Issue (November 19, 2013): S3—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2013-pps.
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In the Czech Republic, Phytophthora alni was first confirmed in 2001 and the pathogen has been quickly spreading and occupying almost the whole area of the country. The pathogen attacks Alnus glutinosa or A. incana to a lesser extent and causes considerable losses of alder trees along hundreds of kilometres of riverbanks. The aim of our work was to perform the identification of P. alni isolates at the subspecific level using PCR and to determine the frequencies and distribution of particular subspecies. The allele-specific PCR primers focused on allele diversity of orthologs of ASF-like, TRP1, RAS-Ypt, and GPA1 genes were selected for identification. Eighty-eight per cent of the 59 analysed isolates belonged to P. alni ssp. alni while 12% were P. alni ssp. uniformis. P. alni ssp. multiformis has not been recorded in the country till now. The two subspecies differed in distribution. P. alni ssp. alni dominated in riparian stands along broader rivers in lowlands and the results confirmed the more effective spreading of P. alni ssp. alni based on its higher aggressiveness and ecological advantage. P. alni ssp. uniformis was acquired rather from riparian stands of small watercourses at higher altitudes. The insular distribution of P. alni ssp. uniformis may represent the remains of its former occurrence. Therefore, P. alni ssp. uniformis may be an indigenous subspecies suppressed by the more aggressive related taxon.
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Aya-Cuero, Carlos, Julio Chacón-Pacheco, and Teresa Cristina S. Anacleto. "Dasypus kappleri (Cingulata: Dasypodidae)." Mammalian Species 51, no. 977 (August 27, 2019): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/sez009.
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Abstract Dasypus kappleri Krauss, 1862, commonly known as greater long-nosed armadillo, is the second largest extant armadillo and readily distinguishable by the prominent spurs on the hind legs. It is diurnal-nocturnal, solitary, and insectivorous. It is a semi-fossorial species ranging east of the Andes across the central lowlands of South America. It occupies a wide range of habitats including rainforest, riparian forest, and grassland. D. kappleri is listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in light of its wide distribution, which presumedly contains robust populations.
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Kraker-Castañeda, Cristian, Lázaro Guevara, Consuelo Lorenzo, Jorge Bolaños-Citalán, and Elida M. Leiva-González. "New collection locality of Cryptotis tropicalis (Merriam, 1895) (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) in the south lowlands of Guatemala, Central America." Mammalogy Notes 5, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47603/manovol5n1.22-25.
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In January 2013, we carried out a mammal inventory in the south lowlands of Guatemala (elevation below 500 m), in the south slope of the Tecuamburro Volcano, in Taxisco, Santa Rosa. The area is immersed in Subtropical Very Wet Forest (Castañeda 2008). We captured a male adult shrew in a pitfall container located within a riparian forest, following the river bank locally known as El Pajal, at 410 msnm (14,119N, -90,505W). The specimen was collected, and prepared as dried skin and skull following the protocols of The Animal Care and Use Committee (Gannon et al. 2007). As a collaboration agreement, it was housed as voucher in the Mammals Collection of El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Mexico
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Balestrieri, Alessandro, Luigi Remonti, Aritz Ruiz-González, Michele Zenato, Andrea Gazzola, Maria Vergara, Ettore E. Dettori, et al. "Distribution and habitat use by pine marten Martes martes in a riparian corridor crossing intensively cultivated lowlands." Ecological Research 30, no. 1 (November 29, 2014): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-014-1220-8.
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Marjanović, Žaklina, Ali Nawaz, Katarina Stevanović, Elmira Saljnikov, Irena Maček, Fritz Oehl, and Tesfaye Wubet. "Root-Associated Mycobiome Differentiate between Habitats Supporting Production of Different Truffle Species in Serbian Riparian Forests." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091331.
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Balkan lowlands bordering with the Pannonia region are inhabited by diverse riparian forests that support production of different truffle species, predominantly the most prized white truffle of Piedmont (Tuber magnatum Pico), but also other commercial species (T.macrosporum Vitt., T. aestivum Vitt.). Surprisingly, little is known about the native root-associated mycobiome (RAM) of these lowland truffle-producing forests. Therefore, in this study we aim at exploring and comparing the RAMs of three different truffle-producing forests from Kolubara river plane in Serbia. Molecular methods based on next generation sequencing (NGS) were used to evaluate the diversity of root-associated fungal communities and to elucidate the influence of environmental factors on their differentiation. To our knowledge, this is the first study from such habitats with a particular focus on comparative analysis of the RAM in different truffle-producing habitats using a high-throughput sequencing approach. Our results indicated that the alpha diversity of investigated fungal communities was not significantly different between different truffle-producing forests and within a specific forest type, while the seasonal differences in the alpha diversity were only observed in the white truffle-producing forests. Taxonomic profiling at phylum level indicated the dominance of fungal OTUs belonging to phylum Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with very minor presence of other phyla. Distinct community structures of root-associated mycobiomes were observed for white, mixed, and black truffle-producing forests. The core mycobiome analysis indicated a fair share of fungal genera present exclusively in white and black truffle-producing forest, while the core genera of mixed truffle-producing forests were shared with both white and black truffle-producing forests. The majority of detected fungal OTUs in all three forest types were symbiotrophs, with ectomycorrhizal fungi being a dominant functional guild. Apart from assumed vegetation factor, differentiation of fungal communities was driven by factors connected to the distance from the river and exposure to fluvial activities, soil age, structure, and pH. Overall, Pannonian riparian forests appear to host diverse root-associated fungal communities that are strongly shaped by variation in soil conditions.
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Prinds, Christian, Rasmus Jes Petersen, Mogens Humlekrog Greve, and Bo V. Iversen. "Locating tile drainage outlets and surface flow in riparian lowlands using thermal infrared and RGB-NIR remote sensing." Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 119, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2019.1573408.
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Wright, David K. "Tethered mobility and riparian resource exploitation among Neolithic hunters and herders in the Galana River basin, Kenyan coastal lowlands." Environmental Archaeology 12, no. 1 (April 2007): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174963107x172732.
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Records, R. M., M. Arabi, S. R. Fassnacht, W. G. Duffy, M. Ahmadi, and K. C. Hegewisch. "Climate change and wetland loss impacts on a western river's water quality." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 11 (November 14, 2014): 4509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4509-2014.
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Abstract. An understanding of potential stream water quality conditions under future climate is critical for the sustainability of ecosystems and the protection of human health. Changes in wetland water balance under projected climate could alter wetland extent or cause wetland loss (e.g., via increased evapotranspiration and lower growing season flows leading to reduced riparian wetland inundation) or altered land use patterns. This study assessed the potential climate-induced changes to in-stream sediment and nutrient loads in the snowmelt-dominated Sprague River, Oregon, western US. Additionally, potential water quality impacts of combined changes in wetland water balance and wetland area under future climatic conditions were evaluated. The study utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) forced with statistical downscaling of general circulation model (GCM) data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) using the Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (MACA) method. Our findings suggest that, in the Sprague River, (1) mid-21st century nutrient and sediment loads could increase significantly during the high-flow season under warmer, wetter climate projections or could change only nominally in a warmer and somewhat drier future; (2) although water quality conditions under some future climate scenarios and no wetland loss may be similar to the past, the combined impact of climate change and wetland losses on nutrient loads could be large; (3) increases in stream total phosphorus (TP) concentration with wetland loss under future climate scenarios would be greatest at high-magnitude, low-probability flows; and (4) loss of riparian wetlands in both headwaters and lowlands could increase outlet TP loads to a similar degree, but this could be due to distinctly different mechanisms in different parts of the watershed.
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Pongrácz, Ádám, and Tamás Szitta. "Current situation and population trend of the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina) in Hungary." Slovak Raptor Journal 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0005.
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Abstract First reports on the population of the lesser spotted eagle in Hungary appeared between 1978 and 1982, and based on these data, we estimate that their population was about 90 pairs during that period. By 2014 this number had decreased to below 40 pairs. The species disappeared from its former nesting sites in the lowlands, riparian habitats and also in a few hilly and mountainous areas. The reasons for its decline appear complex in Hungary. Changes in agricultural practice are suspected of being one of the main reasons which are discussed in the article. We presume that populations of prey species were also negatively affected. Decrease in undisturbed forest stands older than 100 years was probably also a significant factor affecting nesting habitats. As a marginal population, it greatly depends on the larger ones in the surrounding countries, and it is also affected by mortality during migration. Positive changes in the past four years in agricultural land use have already caused a slight increase in their numbers. Main tasks for the near future should be the establishment of a special support scheme focusing on the species’ foraging habitats.
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Marín, Pablo, José Manuel Mora, Lucia I. López, José Alberto Pérez Arrieta, Miguel A. Rodríguez, Alison Vega Cambronero, and Ignacio Arias. "New records on the distribution and habitat of the northern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous centralis (Mammalia, Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) in Costa Rica." Neotropical Biology and Conservation 16, no. 3 (August 27, 2021): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neotropical.16.e67969.
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The northern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous centralis, is a rare and elusive species. It ranges from southern Mexico to northern South America. It has been detected in several types of habitats, but appears to prefer Tropical and Subtropical broadleaf forests. In Costa Rica, this species is difficult to observe and there are only eight records reported in the scientific literature. To search records of this armadillo, we used camera traps in north-western Costa Rica and visited several additional localities in the centre and the Caribbean lowlands of the country. We also examined and assessed records of this species from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database. We added four new locality records for C. centralis in Costa Rica, based on photos from camera traps and field observations. We found only three localities (five records) in GBIF additional to the eight reported in literature. Habitat in these new Costa Rican localities reported here varied from mature dense forest (one site) to semi-urban areas (two sites). Additionally, two individuals were detected in secondary forest patches, one of them adjacent to mature riparian forest. Given the species’ scarcity, much additional information still is required to ground protection actions in a scientific framework.
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Zając, Adam, Barbara Tokarska-Guzik, and Maria Zając. "The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish Carpathians." Biodiversity: Research and Conservation 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10119-011-0012-z.
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The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish CarpathiansThe Carpathians are among the regions of Poland that are generally less susceptible to invasive alien plants. The factor limiting the spread of the species of this group is, above all, the mountain climate. Even species originating from other mountain regions, e.g. the HimalayanImpatiens glandulifera, have their localities only at low elevations, in the Carpathian foothills. In most cases, alien plant species migrate into the Carpathians from the lowlands. The river valleys provide the migration corridors used by alien species in the course of their progress into new territories of the upper mountain localities. The situation along some mountain rivers, where invasive alien species dominate the native vegetation, is dramatic. Their spread is facilitated not only by easy diaspore transport but also by some anthropogenic factors, such as, river engineering and the transformation of riparian habitats and progressing devastation. Currently, we can observe some invasive alien plants "in statu nascendi", developing a new, secondary range in the Carpathians (e.g.Chaerophyllum aureum) or at the foothills, along the Wisła (Vistula) and San river valleys (e.g.Eragrostis albensis). For some species, cities were the destination for the first stage of future migration, e.g.Acer negundo. In the Carpathians, where many national parks and nature reserves are located, the continuous monitoring of the spread of invasive alien plants should be one of the principal activities of botanists.
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Records, R. M., M. Arabi, S. R. Fassnacht, W. G. Duffy, M. Ahmadi, and K. C. Hegewisch. "Climate change and wetland loss impacts on a Western river's water quality." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 5 (May 15, 2014): 4925–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-4925-2014.
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Abstract. An understanding of potential stream water quality conditions under future climate is critical for the sustainability of ecosystems and protection of human health. Changes in wetland water balance under projected climate could alter wetland extent or cause wetland loss. This study assessed the potential climate-induced changes to in-stream sediment and nutrients loads in the historically snow melt-dominated Sprague River, Oregon, Western United States. Additionally, potential water quality impacts of combined changes in wetland water balance and wetland area under future climatic conditions were evaluated. The study utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) forced with statistical downscaling of general circulation model (GCM) data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) using the Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (MACA) method. Our findings suggest that in the Sprague River (1) mid-21st century nutrient and sediment loads could increase significantly during the high flow season under warmer-wetter climate projections, or could change only nominally in a warmer and somewhat drier future; (2) although water quality conditions under some future climate scenarios and no wetland loss may be similar to the past, the combined impact of climate change and wetland losses on nutrient loads could be large; (3) increases in stream total phosphorus (TP) concentration with wetland loss under future climate scenarios would be greatest at high-magnitude, low-probability flows; and (4) loss of riparian wetlands in both headwaters and lowlands could increase outlet TP loads to a similar degree, but this could be due to distinctly different mechanisms in different parts of the watershed.
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Fields, Patrick F., and Ralph E. Taggart. "Paleoecological affinities of selected Miocene megafossil taxa from the northern intermountain region based on palynological modeling." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006560.
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Palynological analysis of stratigraphically-controlled samples from a number of localities in the Succor Creek area of the Oregon-Idaho boundary, the Stinking Water flora of eastern Oregon, and the Trapper Creek flora of southern Idaho has proved to be a valuable interpretive tool in the study of these mid-Miocene plant assemblages. Models derived from analysis of the Succor Creek data suggest: 1) paleotopographic trends, 2) patterns of distribution of major forest elements, 3) the role of disturbance and succession, and 4) limits for paleoclimatic reconstruction. These have proved consistent with patterns of megafossil representation at Succor Creek and both megafossil and palynological data at Stinking Water and Trapper Creek. Such models also appear useful in the refinement of ecological affinities of a number of megafossil taxa which occur in these and other Neogene assemblages throughout the northern Intermountain region.Some taxa are quite specific in their affinities, both in terms of vegetational maturity and elevational zonation. Species of Abies, Picea, Pseudotsuga, Thuja and Tsuga appear characteristic of ecologically mature forests at somewhat higher elevations. Such forests are rare at Stinking Water, are best developed in the southern part of the Succor Creek region, and represent the “climax” forests at Trapper Creek. In contrast, broad-leaved taxa, including species of Castanea, Castanopsis, Nyssa, and most Quercus, are reliable indicators of ecologically mature, lower elevation forests.The ecological significance of a number of mixed-mesophytic taxa, including species of Carya, Juglans, Liquidambar, Pterocarya, Sassafras, Tilia, Ulmus, and Zelkova, is ambiguous. Broad-leaved deciduous assemblages dominated by these plants occur as mid-seral recovery stages over a wide range of elevation from lowlands to higher slopes. Ecologically mature forests of these trees tend to be found only at intermediate elevations. At lower elevations they are largely, but not exclusively, replaced in later seral stages by the ecologically mature, low-elevation taxa noted previously; while at higher elevations they are replaced by conifers.Some taxa, most notably Equisetum, Glyptostrobus, Osmunda, and Typha are restricted to very wet habitats, irrespective of elevation. The shade-intolerant Typha forms ephemeral marshes that are rapidly replaced by Glyptostrobus swamps. Lake margins (and riparian settings), over a wide elevational gradient, are characterized by thickets of Acer, Alnus, Arbutus, Populus, Quercus simulata, “Quercus” eoprinus, and Salix. Locally Sequoia occurs in upland settings (i.e. at Payette, Idaho), while Glyptostrobus is more common in lowlands (Stinking Water and northern Succor Creek localities), but can occur in lower frequencies at any paleoelevation. Some taxa, such as Acer medianum appear to be characteristic of mid-seral recovery stages in these wet habitats.
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Rome, Maxime, and Geo Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge. "Imprecise descriptions of Passiflora riparia Martius ex Masters led to redundant descriptions as P. emiliae Sacco, P. crenata Feuillet & Cremers, P. pergrandis Holm-Nielsen & Lawesson and P. fernandezii Escobar." PhytoKeys 117 (February 4, 2019): 9–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.117.30672.
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Passiflorariparia was incompletely described by Masters, who cited specimens of Martius and Spruce. While Spruce 2191, the unique syntype with an observable corona, exhibits a reduced outermost series of filaments, the accompanying iconography represents two equal outer series. Later descriptions have neither added significant information nor corrected the inconsistency in the corona description, so that four closely related species have been distinguished on the basis of traits not properly documented for P.riparia: P.emiliae (unequal outer series of filaments), P.crenata (bract color), P.pergrandis (flower size and sepal awn length), and P.fernandezii (hypanthium pubescence and shape). The present study compares (i) the descriptions of the above-mentioned taxa and (ii) 43 associated vouchers, as well as live specimens from two associated P.crenata populations. These and other specimens were georeferenced for a comparison of their distribution and habitat. Of the five P.riparia descriptions found in floras, only that of the Flora of Ecuador appears clearly divergent, corresponding in fact to P.tolimana. Those of the four other taxa only differ by unequal corona filaments (except for P.crenata) and the pubescence of floral parts. However, 22 vouchers associated with all these descriptions (including 16 for P.riparia), as well as the live specimens, share both these traits; the other 21 vouchers were uninformative and/or could not be assigned to any of the five species. The wider sample of 62 specimens indicates no significant differences in either geographic or in climatic distribution (lowlands of the Amazon basin), and a marked preference for riparian habitats. Thus, their very close morphology and ecology justify the placement of P.emiliae, P.crenata, P.pergrandis and P.fernandezii as synonyms of P.riparia, designating Spruce 2191 as epitype. The most similar species, P.ambigua (20 specimens mapped), differs in corolla and bract color, as well as a distribution centered along the tropical Andes of South America and in Central America, in more diverse habitats.
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Poldini, Livio, Marisa Vidali, Miris Castello, and Giovanni Sburlino. "A novel insight into the remnants of hygrophilous forests and scrubs of the Po Plain biogeographical transition area (Northern Italy)." Plant Sociology 57, no. 2 (November 19, 2020): 17–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pls2020572/01.
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Hygrophilous forests and scrubs are ecotonal habitats providing essential ecosystem services, especially in human-modified landscapes; nevertheless, they are among the most threatened habitats worldwide. A sound knowledge of waterside woody vegetation provides a valuable basis for interventions of renaturation of waterbodies. This paper focuses on peculiar communities that occur in riparian and swamp areas of the Po Plain, a broad ecotonal area between the Mediterranean and Temperate regions. The study allowed the description of six new associations. Moreover, it provides a detailed picture of Dioscoreo communis-Populetum nigrae (Populetalia albae) and Amorpho fruticosae-Salicetum albae (Salicetalia purpureae), an overview of Salicetum triandrae (Salicetalia purpureae) at the national and European level, and an update of the alliance Dioscoreo-Ulmion minoris, which is better characterized, classified in Populetalia albae and enlarged to include five associations of elm-oak-rich forests of the Po Plain lowlands and the Karst. Dioscoreo-Ulmion includes, besides Lamio orvalae-Ulmetum minoris, also Polygonato-Quercetum roboris and three new associations: Vinco minoris-Ulmetum minoris and Salvio glutinosae-Quercetum roboris from Po Plain rivers and the karstic lakeshore Rhamno catharticae-Ulmetum minoris. The new arrangement of Dioscoreo-Ulmion results from an analysis of Po Plain elm-rich forests including stands so far attributed to the critical alliance Alnion incanae; the presence of Querco-Ulmetum minoris in Italy is discussed. Two new associations are attributed to Prunetalia spinosae: Salici eleagni-Juniperetum communis and Ulmo minoris-Paliuretum spinae-christi. Stands from the Rivers Isonzo and Tagliamento referred to Veratro nigri-Fraxinetum excelsioris and to the new association Carici albae-Fraxinetum excelsioris represent the outermost expressions of the Ostryo-Tilion ravine forests extending towards the High Plain. A Salix alba swamp forest, Galio palustris-Salicetum albae, is reported for the first time in Italy and attributed to Alnetea glutinosae.
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Stefanidis, Konstantinos, Anna Latsiou, Theodora Kouvarda, Anastasia Lampou, Nektarios Kalaitzakis, Konstantinos Gritzalis, and Elias Dimitriou. "Disentangling the Main Components of Hydromorphological Modifications at Reach Scale in Rivers of Greece." Hydrology 7, no. 2 (April 8, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7020022.
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The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires from member states to monitor hydromorphological features of rivers in order to assess their ecological quality. Thus, numerous hydromorphological assessment methods have been developed with most of them focusing on the dynamics of hydrology, geomorphology and riparian zone extent. Within the scope of this study, we assessed the hydromorphological features of 106 river reaches distributed among thirteen WFD River Basin Districts (RBDs) to identify the main drivers of hydromorphological perturbation at a national scale. The studied reaches reflect a wide range of natural variability as they include various types of watercourses extending from lowlands to mid-altitude and mountainous systems. We employed the River Habitat Survey (RHS), and we recorded hydromorphological features and modifications in both banks and the channel bed along 500 m for each reach. Then, the Habitat Modification Score (HMS) and the individual sub-scores that indicate the extent of specific modifications (e.g., bridges, fords, weirs, bank reprofiling, bank reinforcement, etc.) were calculated in order to a) assess the severity of the total artificial modification and b) to highlight the most common and severe causes of overall alteration. The results showed that alterations such as reprofiling and reinforcement of banks contributed the most to the total HMS followed by the presence of fords and bridges. Particularly, the bank alterations indicate a serious deterioration of the longitudinal profile of the reaches, while the occurrence of many fords and bridges is the main cause for perturbations that affect locally the stream cross-sectional profile. Overall, these results compile a first nationwide assessment of the hydromorphological status of Greek rivers in line with the WFD and set the basis for further research that will focus on the diversity of stream habitat features as a measure for the overall ecological quality.
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Yuan, Lifeng, and Kenneth J. Forshay. "Using SWAT to Evaluate Streamflow and Lake Sediment Loading in the Xinjiang River Basin with Limited Data." Water 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010039.
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Soil erosion and lake sediment loading are primary concerns of watershed managers around the world. In the Xinjiang River Basin of China, severe soil erosion occurs primarily during monsoon periods, resulting in sediment flow into Poyang Lake and subsequently causing lake water quality deterioration. Here, we identified high-risk soil erosion areas and conditions that drive sediment yield in a watershed system with limited available data to guide localized soil erosion control measures intended to support reduced sediment load into Poyang Lake. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate monthly and annual sediment yield based on a calibrated SWAT streamflow model, identified where sediment originated, and determined what geographic factors drove the loading within the watershed. We applied monthly and daily streamflow discharge (1985–2009) and monthly suspended sediment load data (1985–2001) to Meigang station to conduct parameter sensitivity analysis, calibration, validation, and uncertainty analysis of the model. The coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and RMSE -observation’s standard deviation ratio (RSR) values of the monthly sediment load were 0.63, 0.62, 3.8%, and 0.61 during calibration, respectively. Spatially, the annual sediment yield rate ranged from 3 ton ha−1year−1 on riparian lowlands of the Xinjiang main channel to 33 ton ha−1year−1 on mountain highlands, with a basin-wide mean of 19 ton ha−1year−1. The study showed that 99.9% of the total land area suffered soil loss (greater than 5 ton ha−1year−1). More sediment originated from the southern mountain highlands than from the northern mountain highlands of the Xinjiang river channel. These results suggest that specific land use types and geographic conditions can be identified as hotspots of sediment source with relatively scarce data; in this case, orchards, barren lands, and mountain highlands with slopes greater than 25° were the primary sediment source areas. This study developed a reliable, physically-based streamflow model and illustrates critical source areas and conditions that influence sediment yield.
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Eekhout, J. P. C., R. G. A. Fraaije, and A. J. F. Hoitink. "Morphodynamic regime change in a reconstructed lowland stream." Earth Surface Dynamics 2, no. 1 (May 26, 2014): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-279-2014.
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Abstract. With the aim to establish and understand morphological changes in response to channel reconstruction, a detailed monitoring plan was implemented in a lowland stream called Lunterse Beek, located in the Netherlands. Over a period of almost 2 years, the monitoring programme included serial morphological surveys, continuous discharge and water level measurements, and riparian vegetation mapping, from photographs and field surveys. Morphological processes occurred mainly in the initial period, before riparian vegetation developed. The initial period was largely dominated by upstream sediment supply, which was associated with channel incision upstream from the study area. Herbaceous vegetation started to develop approximately 7 months after channel reconstruction. The monitoring period included two growing seasons. A clear increase of riparian vegetation cover from first to the second year was observed. Detailed morphological and hydrological data show a marked difference in morphological behaviour between the pre-vegetation and post-vegetation stage. A linear regression procedure was applied to relate morphological activity to time-averaged Shields stress. In the initial stage after channel reconstruction, with negligible riparian vegetation, channel morphology adjusted, showing only a weak response to the discharge hydrograph. In the subsequent period, morphological activity in the channel showed a clear relation with discharge variation. The two stages of morphological response to the restoration measures may be largely associated with the upstream sediment supply in the initial period. Riparian vegetation may have played a substantial role in stabilizing the channel banks and floodplain area, gradually restricting the morphological adjustments to the channel bed.
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Valle, IC, DF Buss, and DF Baptista. "The influence of connectivity in forest patches, and riparian vegetation width on stream macroinvertebrate fauna." Brazilian Journal of Biology 73, no. 2 (May 2013): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842013000200002.
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We assessed two dimensions of stream connectivity: longitudinal (between forest patches along the stream) and lateral (riparian vegetation), using macroinvertebrate assemblages as bioindicators. Sites representing different land-uses were sampled in a lowland basin that holds a mosaic of protected areas. Land-use analysis, forest successional stages and riparian zone widths were calculated by the GIS analysis. Macroinvertebrate fauna was strongly affected by land-use. We observed a continuous decrease in the number of sensitive species, %Shredders and IBE-IOC biotic index from the upstream protected area to highly deforested sites, increasing again where the stream crosses a Biological Reserve. When analysing buffer strips, we found aquatic fauna responding to land-use alterations beyond the 30 m riparian corridor (60 m and 100 m wide). We discussed the longitudinal connectivity between forest patches and the riparian vegetation buffer strips necessary to hold high macroinvertebrate diversity. We recommend actions for the increase/maintenance of biodiversity in this and other lowland basins.
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Eekhout, J. P. C., and A. J. F. Hoitink. "Morphodynamic regime change induced by riparian vegetation in a restored lowland stream." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 1, no. 1 (November 15, 2013): 711–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-1-711-2013.
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Abstract. With the aim to establish and understand morphological changes in response to stream restoration measures, a detailed monitoring plan was implemented in a lowland stream called Lunterse Beek, located in the Netherlands. Over a period of 1.5 yr, the monitoring included serial morphological surveys, continuous discharge and water level measurements and riparian vegetation mapping. Morphological processes occurred mainly in the initial period, before riparian vegetation development. In the subsequent period, riparian vegetation started to emerge, with a maximum coverage halfway the survey period, which coincides with the end of the summer period. Detailed morphological and hydrological data show a marked difference in behaviour between the unvegetated initial stage and the vegetated final period. The riparian vegetation cover, obtained from an aerial photo, shows a strong correlation with inundation frequency. We applied linear regression to relate morphological activity to time-averaged bed shear stress. In the initial stage after construction, with negligible riparian vegetation, channel morphology adjusted without a clear response to the discharge hydrograph. In the subsequent period, morphological activity in the channel bed and bank zones showed a clear response to discharge variation. The two stages of morphological response to the restoration measures reveal the role of riparian vegetation, which acts to focus the morphodynamic developments in the main channel.
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Paice, Robyn L., Jane M. Chambers, and Belinda J. Robson. "Potential of submerged macrophytes to support food webs in lowland agricultural streams." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 3 (2017): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15391.
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Submerged plants are often abundant in lowland streams in agricultural landscapes, but little is known of their role in stream ecosystems compared to riparian vegetation. We investigated the importance of submerged macrophytes as a basal resource of food webs in stream reaches with good and poor riparian vegetation condition, using mixing model analysis with stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Epilithic periphyton and terrestrial detritus were important basal resources in good condition reaches, although where macrophytes were present they contributed to food webs. Higher assimilation of either the macrophyte Cycnogeton huegelii or conspicuous epiphytes on C. huegelii leaves was associated with poor riparian condition. Where Potamogeton ochreatus and Ottelia ovalifolia occurred in poor condition reaches, these macrophytes contributed moderately to the food web, but were probably of greater importance as substrates for epiphytic algae. Mixing models indicated invertebrates commonly had generalist feeding strategies, feeding on the most available resource at each reach. Thus, where riparian vegetation is limited, submerged macrophytes may support opportunistic consumers both directly and as a substrate for epiphytes, thereby partially compensating for the loss of allochthonous resources in lowland agricultural streams.
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Mah, Darrien Y. S., and Kelvin K. K. Kuok. "Field Investigation on Anthropogenic Impacted Lowland Riparian Zones." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 05, no. 03 (2013): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2013.53026.
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Giling, Darren P., Paul Reich, and Ross M. Thompson. "Riparian vegetation removal alters consumer - resource stoichiometry in an Australian lowland stream." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11092.
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Anthropogenic impacts on stream ecosystems generate changes in nutrient and carbon availability which act as stoichiometric challenges to consumers. We tested the hypothesis that removal of Eucalyptus riparian vegetation alters in-stream resource stoichiometry with flow-on effects for a benthic consumer (the freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor). Sites with high and low riparian canopy cover were selected on a lowland stream in south-eastern Australia. A reduction in riparian vegetation canopy cover was associated with decreased terrestrial detritus (low nutritional quality; high carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratio) and increased cover of macrophytes and filamentous algae (high quality; low C : N ratio). This resource-quality shift was associated with a small but significant decrease in C. destructor C : N ratio (molar ratio of muscle tissue). This suggests that the animals are deviating from homeostasis and may be in better condition in the stream pools dominated by in-stream productivity. A significant negative relationship between C. destructor length and C : N ratio was observed, suggesting that resource-quality impacts may differ with age. The present study has shown that riparian loss alters stoichiometric interactions in stream benthic ecosystems, with potential consequences for stream processes such as nutrient cycling. Ecological stoichiometric theory should therefore be further utilised to make predictions of ecological impacts in freshwater systems.
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Portillo Reyes, Hector Orlando, Jonathan Hernández, Tomas Manzanares, Fausto Elvir, and Hermes Vega. "REGISTROS Y DISTRIBUCIÓN POTENCIAL DEL MURCIÉLAGO BLANCO HONDUREÑO (Ectophylla alba) EN LA REGIóN DE LA MOSKITIA, HONDURAS." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2015.5.1.205.
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RESUMENSe presentan seis nuevas localidades del murciélago blanco hondureño, en donde se redescubre nuevamente la especie para Honduras. Con los registros históricos y contemporáneos se modeló la distribución potencial del murciélago blanco. El mapa indica que el Ectophylla alba está distribuido principalmente en el bosque latifoliado de la Moskitia hondureña, en las áreas protegidas como la Reserva de la Biósfera del Río Plátano, los bosques de las montañas de Warunta, Mocorón y los territorios indígenas de Mabita y Rus Rus. El sitio está representado por el ecosistema del bosque tropical siempre verde latifoliado de tierras bajas moderadamente drenado y bien drenado. Estos bosques latifoliados forman un corredor continuo de cobertura boscosa que va desde el Norte de la Biósfera del Río Plátano hacia el Este del bosque latifoliado ripario y las sabanas de pino de Mabita y Rus Rus con un área aproximada de 4 775 Km2.Palabras clave: Moskita hondureña, bosque ripario, platanillos, distribución potencial, mapa binario. ABSTRACTSix new locations of the Honduran white bat, where rediscovered in Honduras. Historical and contemporary records were used for the potential distribution of the specie. The map indicates the Ectophylla alba is distributed mainly in the broadleaf forests of the Honduran Mosquitia, in the protected areas of Biosphere Reserve of Rio Plátano, the forests of Warunta, Mocorón and indigenous territories of Mabita and Rus Rus. The site is represented by the ecosystem evergreen broadleaf lowland tropical forest moderately drained and well drained. These broadleaf forests form a continuous corridor from northern of Biosphere of Rio Plátano to eastward broadleaf riparian forest and pine savannas of Mabita and Rus Rus with an area of approximately 4 775 Km2.Key words: Honduran Moskitia, riparian forest, platanillos, potential distribution, binary map.
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Łaszewski, Maksym, and Wojciech Kiryła. "The influence of riparian woodlands on the thermal conditions of small lowland streams during the summer." Forest Research Papers 79, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2018-0023.
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Abstract Riparian woodlands significantly affect the water quality of streams and rivers. Thus, we examined whether the presence of woodlands in riparian buffer zones also impacts the thermal characteristics of lowland streams during the summer. Water temperature data were recorded with digital temperature loggers located in eight quasi-natural sites across the Garwolin Plain in central Poland. The mean, maximum, minimum, and mean daily range parameters were calculated for the whole study period from July to September 2017 with a 30 min. resolution. The percentage of woodlands in the catchment area and buffer zone along the streams was estimated based on satellite images from the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 missions. The Random Forest method was used in the classification process with an accuracy of 96%. The similarity of measurement sites in terms of water temperature was determined using cluster analysis (Ward method), while a Spearman correlation coefficient was applied to compare thermal parameters with the percentage of woodland areas. The results indicate that water temperature patterns across the measurement sites varied, with mean temperatures ranging from 14.4°C in site T8 to 16.3°C in site T1. Furthermore, the correlation analysis confirmed our hypothesis that the presence of woodland areas does not significantly alter the thermal parameters of lowland streams. Moreover, the cluster analysis showed that sites with significantly different percentages of woodland areas were closely linked due to the similar distributions of water temperature values. However, it must be emphasised that the lack of riparian woodlands in buffer zones does not exclude the presence of shade associated with shrubs and grasses, as well as aquatic plants. In consequence, more advanced indicators of riparian shade, such as vegetation mapping using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or hemispherical photography, should be used for small lowland streams.
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Mouton, A. M., D. Buysse, M. Stevens, T. Neucker, and J. Coeck. "EVALUATION OF RIPARIAN HABITAT RESTORATION IN A LOWLAND RIVER." River Research and Applications 28, no. 7 (March 7, 2011): 845–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1500.
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HIGLER, L. W. G. "The riparian community of north-west European lowland streams." Freshwater Biology 29, no. 2 (April 1993): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1993.tb00760.x.
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Lawson, Tina, Miriam Goosem, and David Gillieson. "Rapid assessment of habitat quality in riparian rainforest vegetation." Pacific Conservation Biology 14, no. 1 (2008): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc080020.
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GIS and aerial photographic techniques were applied to assessing riparian vegetation quality in an agricultural landscape formerly covered in lowland rainforest. Canopy cover and width of woody riparian vegetation, both easily determined from remotely sensed data, were investigated as indicators of riparian quality. High correlations between field measurements of canopy cover and width of woody riparian vegetation with several other vegetation attributes indicative of vegetation quality (weed abundance, debris, human disturbance, native species richness) demonstrated that these two habitat attributes were suitable field vegetation quality surrogates. Desktop quality analysis combined GIS measurement of riparian width with aerial photographic analysis of canopy cover. Desktop quality equalled field quality in 78% of cases, with a further 13% showing errors due to clearing or thickening of vegetation after aerial photographs were taken. Bird communities in higher vegetation quality areas comprised mainly rainforest-dependent species, whereas poor quality areas mostly supported birds of open habitats. Bird community diversity and rainforest-dependent bird diversity increased significantly both with increasing levels of canopy cover and greater riparian width, but a combination of these factors explained more variance than each factor separately. Desktop riparian vegetation quality therefore proved a satisfactory indicator of habitat quality for birds in rainforest riparian zones. This quick and efficient desktop method of riparian habitat quality assessment can determine conservation values of rainforest riparian areas with minimal field validation, thereby allowing more effective targeting of appropriate management practices, identification of areas of conservation concern and prioritisation of revegetation and rehabilitation efforts.
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Cooke, Hilary A., and Lila M. Tauzer. "Unique songbird communities in mature riparian spruce forest compared with upland forest in southern Yukon." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 5 (May 2020): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0381.
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There has been limited study of songbird communities in different habitats of the lowland boreal forests of southern Yukon, including the mature forest valued for timber harvest. Our goal was to describe the songbird community during the breeding season in a mature (≥80 years since wildfire) forest dominated by white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) adjacent to streams (n = 23) and wetlands (n = 15) compared with a nearby upland forest. Based on point count surveys, songbird communities were unique in the mature forest in the riparian forest edge position, including greater species richness and four significant riparian indicator species. Songbird communities were also unique in the forest adjacent to streams versus wetlands. We mapped species observations along 300 m transects from riparian to upland forests and identified nine species with greater abundance closer to the riparian forest edge. Many of these species are typically associated with riparian and wetland habitats for breeding. Most of the variability in the songbird community was explained by study site, likely related to high variability in forest type and amount of wetland and open water but also to unmeasured habitat characteristics. Our results increase the knowledge of songbird communities in this unique boreal region and suggest that riparian reserve zones in forest management may be useful for protecting songbird habitat.
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GRISMER, L. LEE, PERRY L. JR WOOD, AMIRRUDIN B. AHMAD, B. S. BAIZUL-HAFSYAM, M. AFIQ-SHUHAIMI, SYED A. RIZAL, and EVAN S. H. QUAH. "Two new Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos, & Brown (Squamata; Scincidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and another case of microsyntopy between ecologically specialized, unrelated, leaf-litter species." Zootaxa 4425, no. 1 (May 29, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4425.1.5.
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Two new species of diminutive, sympatric, lowland, leaf-litter skinks of the genus Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos & Brown from the Sekayu region of Hulu Terengganu, Terengganu State in northeastern Peninsular Malaysia are described on the basis genetic and morphological data. One of the new species, T. monticolus sp. nov., was collected in a hilly riparian area along Sungai (=river) Bubu and is most closely related to an undescribed species from the Tembak Reservoir area. The other, T. keciktuek sp. nov. collected along Sungai Peres, is most closely related to T. perhentianensis Grismer, Wood, & Grismer from Pulau (=island) Perhentian Besar. Sympatry and syntopy of multiple, specialized, unrelated, leaf-litter species of Tytthoscincus was previously only known from upland areas and these new species represent the first example of lowland of sympatry. More importantly, however, these endemic species add to a growing body of research and discoveries that continue to underscore the unrealized biodiversity of the riparian systems of Hulu Terengganu and the Sekayu region and their need for protection and continued study.
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Zina, Vera, Marc Ordeix, José Carlos Franco, Maria Teresa Ferreira, and Maria Rosário Fernandes. "Ants as Bioindicators of Riparian Ecological Health in Catalonian Rivers." Forests 12, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12050625.
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In this study, we assess the potential of ants as bioindicators of riparian ecological health in two river types (upland and lowland type) located in the Catalonian region. We proposed to understand to what extent do metrics based on ant responses provide useful information that cannot be presented by traditional biophysical assessments while attempting an approach to creating an ant-based multimetric index (ant-based MMI) of the riparian ecological health. A total of 22 ant species were identified, and 42 metrics related to ant foraging activity, species richness, and functional traits were evaluated as potential core metrics of the index. Riparian features and proximal land use land cover (LULC) were used to distinguish disturbed from less disturbed sites. We found that ant communities strongly responded to human disturbance. When compared with an exclusively physical-based index for the assessment of the riparian health, the ant-based MMI was more sensitive to human disturbance, by also reacting to the effects of the surrounding LULC pressure. This study provides a preliminary approach for an ant-based assessment tool to evaluate the health of riparian corridors although additional research is required to include other river types and a wider stressor gradient before a wider application.
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Zawal, Andrzej, Robert Stryjecki, Edyta Buczyńska, Paweł Buczyński, Joanna Pakulnicka, Aleksandra Bańkowska, Tomasz Czernicki, Katarzyna Janusz, Agnieszka Szlauer-Łukaszewska, and Vladimir Pešić. "Water mites (Acari, Hydrachnidia) of riparian springs in a small lowland river valley: what are the key factors for species distribution?" PeerJ 6 (May 24, 2018): e4797. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4797.
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This paper examines the impact of disturbance factors—flooding and intermittency—on the distribution of water mites in the riparian springs situated in the valley of a small lowland river, the Krąpiel. The landscape factors and physicochemical parameters of the water were analysed in order to gain an understanding of the pattern of water mite assemblages in the riparian springs. Three limnological types of springs were examined (helocrenes, limnocrenes and rheocrenes) along the whole course of the river and a total of 35 water mite species were found. Our study shows that flooding influences spring assemblages, causing a decrease in crenobiontic water mites in flooded springs. The impact of intermittency resulted in a high percentage of species typical of temporary water bodies. Surprisingly, the study revealed the positive impact of the anthropogenic transformation of the river valley: preventing the riparian springs from flooding enhances the diversity of crenobiontic species in non-flooded springs. In the conclusion, our study revealed that further conservation strategies for the protection of the riparian springs along large rivers would take into account ongoing climatic changes and possible the positive impact of the anthropogenic transformation of river valleys.
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Rivaes, Rui Pedro, António Nascimento Pinheiro, Gregory Egger, and Maria Teresa Ferreira. "Using CASIMIR-VEGETATION Model in the context of modeling riparian woods and fish species to support a holistic approach for environmental flows to be used on river management and conservation." Revista Eletrônica de Gestão e Tecnologias Ambientais 4, no. 1 (November 23, 2016): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/gesta.v4i1.14292.
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<p>The CASiMiR-vegetation model is a software that recreates the physical processes influencing the survival and recruitment of riparian vegetation, based on the relationship between ecologically relevant flow regime components and riparian vegetation metrics that reflect the vegetation’s responses to flow regime change. Working at a flow response guild level, this tool outperforms equivalent models by overriding various restrictions of the conventional modeling approaches. The potential of the CASiMiR-vegetation model is revealed in its application to different case studies during the development of a holistic approach to determine environmental flows in lowland Mediterranean rivers, based on woody riparian vegetation and fish species. Various modeling circumstances are described where CASiMiR-vegetation model was used with the purpose of sustaining the research addressing the thesis objectives. The main findings already accomplished in this research are highlighted to illustrate the outcomes that can be attained from the use of such a model.</p>
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Lamsal, Pramod, Krishna Prasad Pant, Lalit Kumar, and Kishor Atreya. "Diversity, Uses, and Threats in the Ghodaghodi Lake Complex, a Ramsar Site in Western Lowland Nepal." ISRN Biodiversity 2014 (April 27, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/680102.
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This study documents aquatic and terrestrial/riparian biodiversity in an anthropogenically disturbed Ramsar site, the Ghodaghodi Lake complex, in the Western Nepal surveyed during the summer season (March-April) of 2007. The study site comprises three major interconnected lakes: Ghodaghodi (138 ha), Nakharodi (70 ha), and Bainshwa (10 ha). Five transect lines for aquatic macrophytes and three transect lines and 37 sampling plots were laid to sample terrestrial/riparian plants, birds, and animals. Five sample plots were established for fish and aquatic bird. A total of 45 species of aquatic macrophytes, 54 species of terrestrial/riparian vegetation, 19 fish species, 41 bird species, 17 mammals (endangered and vulnerable), and 5 reptiles (critically endangered, vulnerable, and near threatened) were recorded at the lake complex. Local people have used most of the aquatic and terrestrial plants for different purposes while many of the potential medicinal plant species were still untapped. Persistent anthropogenic threats, like excessive harvesting and poaching, habitat destruction—population pressure, forest fragmentation, siltation, fertilizer and pesticide seepage, water pollution, overgrazing, and unmanaged irrigation system found over the lake complex, endangered the existing biodiversity. The suggested remedial measures are further exploration of medicinal potential, prioritization of in situ biodiversity conservation strategies, and implementation of awareness program at local level against anthropogenic threats.
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Stanton, David J., and Michael R. Leven. "Distribution, habitat utilisation and conservation status of the freshwater crab, Somanniathelphusa zanklon Ng & Dudgeon, 1992 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) endemic to Hong Kong." Journal of Threatened Taxa 8, no. 3 (March 26, 2016): 8564. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2070.8.3.8564-8574.
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Somanniathelphusa zanklon Ng & Dudgeon, 1992 is a tropical freshwater crab currently considered endemic to Hong Kong. The present study shows that S. zanklon has been found in a variety of lotic and lentic habitats, mostly lowland, slow moving streams and marshes. The species is more widely distributed than previously known, and potentially occurs outside Hong Kong. However, its habitat is under threat from development and channelization of watercourses. The life cycle of the crab requires both slow moving streams and marshes for adults and adjacent terrestrial habitats for brooding females, highlighting the need for integrated conservation of lowland streams and their riparian corridors. It is hoped that understanding of the species habitat requirements will encourage others to further explore lowland watercourses in the Pearl River Delta and aid in habitat conservation.
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Azliza, M., M. Nazre, M. K. Mohamad-Ro, and K. Shamsul. "Characterization of Riparian Plant Community in Lowland Forest of Peninsular Malaysia." International Journal of Botany 8, no. 4 (September 15, 2012): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijb.2012.181.191.
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Harper, David, Francis Witkowski, Debbie Kemp-McCarthy, and Jacky Crabb. "The Distribution and Abundance of Riparian Trees in English Lowland Floodplains." Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 6, no. 3/4 (May 1997): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997743.
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Miller, James R., and N. Thompson Hobbs. "Recreational trails, human activity, and nest predation in lowland riparian areas." Landscape and Urban Planning 50, no. 4 (August 2000): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2046(00)00091-8.
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Teixeira-de Mello, Franco, Mariana Meerhoff, Ivan González-Bergonzoni, Esben Astrup Kristensen, Annette Baattrup-Pedersen, and Erik Jeppesen. "Influence of riparian forests on fish assemblages in temperate lowland streams." Environmental Biology of Fishes 99, no. 1 (November 17, 2015): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-015-0462-9.
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Jakubínský, Jiří, Igor Pelíšek, and Pavel Cudlín. "Linking Hydromorphological Degradation with Environmental Status of Riparian Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Stropnice River Basin, Czech Republic." Forests 11, no. 4 (April 18, 2020): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040460.
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Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the anthropogenic degradation of the riverbed and its relationship to the ecological status of the adjacent river landscape. The key objective of this research was to determine the extent of the disturbance of the selected small streams and their riparian zone in a study area located in a forest and forest-agricultural landscape in the Czech Republic. The next step was to analyze the mutual relationships between the ecological status of the riparian vegetation and the hydromorphological status of the riverbed. The main working hypothesis considered the good hydromorphological status of the river as reflected in the favorable environmental status of the surrounding riparian habitats and vice versa. It was found in more than 90% of the total length of studied watercourses that the character of linkages between channel morphology and the ecological status of riparian vegetation is directly influenced by anthropogenic activities. An interesting finding is that the degraded streams in lowland sites are often encompassed by natural or close-to-natural habitats. On the contrary, the natural status of the riverbed was found in a significantly forested headwater area, but the riparian habitats did not reach even a close-to-natural status. This paper contributes to clarifying the significance of human impact on the river morphology, reflected in the reduction of connectivity between the terrestrial and fluvial parts of the river landscape. It helps to explore the most important disturbances affecting mutual interactions between the river and the riparian habitats.
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Jankowski, Kathi Jo, Linda A. Deegan, Christopher Neill, Hillary L. Sullivan, Paulo Ilha, Leonardo Maracahipes-Santos, Nubia Marques, and Marcia N. Macedo. "Land Use Change Influences Ecosystem Function in Headwater Streams of the Lowland Amazon Basin." Water 13, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13121667.
Full textAbstract:
Intensive agriculture alters headwater streams, but our understanding of its effects is limited in tropical regions where rates of agricultural expansion and intensification are currently greatest. Riparian forest protections are an important conservation tool, but whether they provide adequate protection of stream function in these areas of rapid tropical agricultural development has not been well studied. To address these gaps, we conducted a study in the lowland Brazilian Amazon, an area undergoing rapid cropland expansion, to assess the effects of land use change on organic matter dynamics (OM), ecosystem metabolism, and nutrient concentrations and uptake (nitrate and phosphate) in 11 first order streams draining forested (n = 4) or cropland (n = 7) watersheds with intact riparian forests. We found that streams had similar terrestrial litter inputs, but OM biomass was lower in cropland streams. Gross primary productivity was low and not different between land uses, but ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem production showed greater seasonality in cropland streams. Although we found no difference in stream concentrations of dissolved nutrients, phosphate uptake exceeded nitrate uptake in all streams and was higher in cropland than forested streams. This indicates that streams will be more retentive of phosphorus than nitrogen and that if fertilizer nitrogen reaches streams, it will be exported in stream networks. Overall, we found relatively subtle differences in stream function, indicating that riparian buffers have thus far provided protection against major functional shifts seen in other systems. However, the changes we did observe were linked to watershed scale shifts in hydrology, water temperature, and light availability resulting from watershed deforestation. This has implications for the conservation of tens of thousands of stream kilometers across the expanding Amazon cropland region.
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Bunn, Stuart E., Peter M. Davies, and Dominica M. Kellaway. "Contributions of sugar cane and invasive pasture grass to the aquatic food web of a tropical lowland stream." Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 2 (1997): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96055.
Full textAbstract:
In-stream ecosystem processes in a tropical lowland stream in far north Queensland were studied by measuring open-system community metabolism and analysing stable isotopes. The stream catchment, like many others in this region, has been extensively cleared for the cultivation of sugar cane, and in the absence of riparian shading, aquatic and semi-aquatic plants choke the stream channel. Stream community metabolism switched between autotrophy and heterotrophy, depending on the degree of cloud cover. Successive cloudy days may be sufficient to result in anoxia in the stream, particularly in the benthos, where limited oxygen penetration into the sediments was recorded. Stable-isotope data indicated that little of the primary production from sugar cane or other C4 plants was transferred into the aquatic food web. The only significant contribution of C4 carbon was to the diets of some larger predatory fish, which must be directly dependent on terrestrial prey. In the absence of significant riparian inputs of C3 carbon, it appears that in-stream primary production supported the aquatic invertebrate community. Restoration of disturbed stream systems such as this one must include the establishment of appropriate riparian species for the reduction of excessive in-stream primary production and the supply of detritus for the maintenance of aquatic food webs.
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Goddeeris, Boudewijn, Angelo C. Vermeulen, Els de Geest, Herwig Jacobs, Berten Baert, and Frans Ollevier. "Diapause induction in the third and fourth instar of Chironomus riparius (Diptera) from Belgian lowland brooks." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 150, no. 2 (January 11, 2001): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/150/2001/307.
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Bower, Michael J., Clare E. Aslan, and Marcel Rejmánek. "Invasion Potential of Chinese Tallowtree (Triadica sebifera) in California's Central Valley." Invasive Plant Science and Management 2, no. 4 (October 2009): 386–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-09-030.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe ecological effects of Chinese tallowtree are well documented in the southeastern United States, yet this known invasive plant continues to be planted extensively in California's Central Valley, where it has recently naturalized in several locations. Climate modeling suggests that most of California's lowland riparian habitat is susceptible to invasion by Chinese tallowtree; however, no field tests are available to corroborate this result for California or to identify local environmental constraints that might limit potential habitats. We used observational and experimental methods to evaluate invasion potential of Chinese tallowtree in riparian habitats in California's Central Valley. High invasion potential, indicated by an intersection of the maxima of dispersal probability, germination, and survivorship of seedlings, occurred at low elevations immediately next to perennial waters. The main factor limiting Chinese tallowtree invasion potential in more elevated habitats appears to be lack of seedling drought tolerance. These findings suggest that California's riparian habitats are vulnerable to invasion by Chinese tallowtree, especially downstream of current naturalized populations where water or bird dispersal will deposit seeds in environments ideal for germination and growth.
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Kronvang, Brian, Carl C. Hoffmann, and Rianne Dröge. "Sediment deposition and net phosphorus retention in a hydraulically restored lowland river floodplain in Denmark: combining field and laboratory experiments." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 7 (2009): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08066.
Full textAbstract:
Restoration of river systems allowing the transformation of former drained and dry riparian areas into riparian wetlands will increase the overbank storage of sediment and sediment-associated phosphorus (P). Wetland restoration is therefore a cost-effective mitigation measure to reduce the sediment and nutrient transport to river systems. The studied floodplain of the River Odense was restored in 2003 by remeandering the river channel along a 6-km reach. The restoration project involved 78 ha of riparian areas that were transformed from mainly arable land to extensive grassland and wetlands. The aim of the study was to quantify and model sediment and particulate P deposition on restored river floodplains. The present study suggests that during a 47-day flooding period, the river floodplain is able to retain 9–14.8% of the sediment and 1.1–3.7% of the particulate P transported in the river. Incubation experiments further showed that a maximum of 11–25% of the deposited phosphorus can be released as dissolved inorganic phosphorus following deposition. The results from the best deposition model (R2 = 0.42 for sediment and R2 = 0.44 for particulate P) show that work should be done to further improve the performance of these models.