Relevant bibliographies by topics / Riparian ecology

Academic literature on the topic 'Riparian ecology'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Skagen, Susan K., Jeffrey F. Kelly, Charles van Riper, Richard L. Hutto, Deborah M. Finch, David J. Krueper, and Cynthia P. Melcher. "Geography of Spring Landbird Migration Through Riparian Habitats in Southwestern North America." Condor 107, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.212.

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Abstract Migration stopover resources, particularly riparian habitats, are critically important to landbirds migrating across the arid southwestern region of North America. To explore the effects of species biogeography and habitat affinity on spring migration patterns, we synthesized existing bird abundance and capture data collected in riparian habitats of the borderlands region of the U.S. and Mexico. We determined the importance of geographic factors (longitude and latitude) in explaining variation in abundances and capture rates of 32 long-distance and three short-distance migrant species. Abundances and capture rates of 13 and 11 species, respectively, increased with increasing longitude, and four species' abundance and capture rates decreased with increasing longitude. Riparian associates, but not nonriparian species, were more abundant in western sites. Their abundance patterns were only weakly influenced by species biogeography. In contrast, biogeography did influence abundance patterns of nonriparian birds, suggesting that they choose the shortest, most direct route between wintering and breeding areas. We hypothesize that riparian obligate birds may, to some degree, adjust their migration routes to maximize time spent in high-quality riparian zones, but they are able to find suitable habitat opportunistically when crossing more hostile landscapes. In contrast, nonriparian birds adhere more closely to a hierarchical model in which the migratory route is determined by biogeographic constraints. Conservation of riparian habitats is necessary to meet future habitat stopover requirements of many western Neotropical migrant birds. We advocate a coordinated research effort to further elucidate patterns of distribution and habitat use so that conservation activities can be focused effectively. Geografía de la Migración de Primavera de Aves Terrestres a Través de Hábitats Riparios en el Sudoeste de Norteamérica Resumen. Los recursos que sirven como paradas migratorias, especialmente los hábitats riparios, son críticamente importantes para las aves migratorias terrestres a través de la región árida del sudoeste de Norteamérica. Para explorar los efectos de la biogeografía de las especies y la afinidad de hábitat sobre los patrones de migración de primavera, sintetizamos los datos existentes de abundancia y capturas de aves colectados en hábitats riparios en la zona fronteriza entre Estados Unidos y México. Determinamos la importancia de factores geográficos (latitud y longitud) en explicar la variación en las abundancias y en las tasas de captura de 32 especies migratorias de larga distancia y 3 de corta distancia. Las abundancias y tasas de captura de 13 y 11 especies, respectivamente, aumentaron con el aumento de la longitud, y cuatro especies mostraron una disminución con el aumento de la longitud. Las aves asociadas a los ambientes riparios fueron más abundantes en los sitios del oeste que las especies no riparias, y su abundancia sólo se vio levemente influenciada por la biogeografía de las especies. De modo contrastante, la biogeografía sí influenció los patrones de abundancia de las especies de aves no riparias, lo que sugiere que éstas escogieron la ruta más corta y directa entre las áreas de invernada y de reproducción. Proponemos la hipótesis de que las aves de hábitat ripario obligatorias pueden, hasta cierto grado, ajustar sus rutas migratorias para maximizar el tiempo en zonas riparias de alta calidad, pero también son capaces de encontrar hábitats adecuados de manera oportunista al cruzar paisajes más hostiles. De modo contrastante, las aves no riparias se adhieren más cercanamente a un modelo jerárquico en el cual la ruta migratoria es determinada por restricciones biogeográficas. La conservación de los hábitats riparios es necesaria para cumplir los requerimientos futuros de las paradas durante la migración de muchas aves migratorias Neotropicales del oeste. Abogamos por un esfuerzo de investigación coordinado para elucidar los patrones de distribución y de uso de hábitat de manera que las actividades para la conservación puedan ser enfocadas de manera eficiente.
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Tiegs, Scott. "Ecology and Management of Riparian Ecosystems." Ecology 87, no. 2 (February 2006): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[529:eamore]2.0.co;2.

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Larivière, Serge. "Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals." Journal of Mammalogy 81, no. 1 (February 2000): 280–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<0280:r>2.0.co;2.

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López-Almansa, J. C. "Review. Reproductive ecology of riparian elms." Forest Systems 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2004): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/809.

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This paper review our current knowledge of the reproductive ecology in the genus Ulmus, for which few investigations has been conducted and relatively little information is available. In the genus Ulmus, as in other riparian or sub-riparian genera, trees reproduce either vegetatively (by sprouting) or sexually. These mechanisms work differently. Sprouting permits colonization of open areas close to the trees, being especially frequent from large trees following death of their stem. Sprouting from the surviving roots of trees affected with Dutch Elm Disease is abundant in Spanish Ulmus minor. Sexual reproduction is infrequent, and requires some special conditions to be successful. It probably occurs coincidently with massive river floods that remove riparian vegetation and deposit a fertile muddy bed suitable for seed germination. Many Ulmus minor genotypes do not produce seed owing to seed abortion and other mechanisms. As a result, two gender-classes, male and cosexual, are presumably present in Spain, although this requires confirmation. A hypothesis trying to explain female sterility as the result of a trade-off between sexual and vegetative reproduction has been recently proposed, but it requires to be confirmed. Further research is also necessary for a better knowledge of flooding effect on elm regeneration and for evaluating other aspects of its reproductive ecology.
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Hill, Jacob E., Madison L. Miller, James L. Helton, Richard B. Chipman, Amy T. Gilbert, James C. Beasley, Guha Dharmarajan, and Olin E. Rhodes. "Raccoon spatial ecology in the rural southeastern United States." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (November 9, 2023): e0293133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293133.

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The movement ecology of raccoons varies widely across habitats with important implications for the management of zoonotic diseases such as rabies. However, the spatial ecology of raccoons remains poorly understood in many regions of the United States, particularly in the southeast. To better understand the spatial ecology of raccoons in the southeastern US, we investigated the role of sex, season, and habitat on monthly raccoon home range and core area sizes in three common rural habitats (bottomland hardwood, upland pine, and riparian forest) in South Carolina, USA. From 2018–2022, we obtained 264 monthly home ranges from 46 raccoons. Mean monthly 95% utilization distribution (UD) sizes ranged from 1.05 ± 0.48 km2 (breeding bottomland females) to 5.69 ± 3.37 km2 (fall riparian males) and mean monthly 60% UD sizes ranged from 0.25 ± 0.15 km2 (breeding bottomland females) to 1.59 ± 1.02 km2 (summer riparian males). Males maintained home range and core areas ~2–5 times larger than females in upland pine and riparian habitat throughout the year, whereas those of bottomland males were only larger than females during the breeding season. Home ranges and core areas of females did not vary across habitats, whereas male raccoons had home ranges and core areas ~2–3 times larger in upland pine and riparian compared to bottomland hardwood throughout much of the year. The home ranges of males in upland pine and riparian are among the largest recorded for raccoons in the United States. Such large and variable home ranges likely contribute to elevated risk of zoonotic disease spread by males in these habitats. These results can be used to inform disease mitigation strategies in the southeastern United States.
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Pinay, Gilles, and G. P. Malanson. "Riparian Landscapes." Journal of Applied Ecology 31, no. 3 (August 1994): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404455.

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Rodewald, Paul G., and Stephen N. Matthews. "Landbird use of Riparian and Upland Forest Stopover Habitats in an Urban Landscape." Condor 107, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.259.

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Abstract Stopover habitat relationships of landbirds are not well known and this constitutes a shortcoming in conservation plans for migratory birds. We compared migrant use of mature upland and riparian forests during spring in an urbanizing landscape within central Ohio. We surveyed stopover migrants along 250-m transects, and quantified both local- and landscape-level habitat characteristics (percent urban and forest land). During spring stopover, migrant abundance was 86% and 118% higher in upland forests for Nearctic-Neotropical transient (long-distance migrants) and temperate transients (short-distance migrants), respectively. Of 27 transient species, 22 species differed in their use of riparian and upland forests, and 20 of those were most abundant in upland forest (e.g., Blue-headed Vireo [Vireo solitarius], Least Flycatcher [Empidonax minimus], Swainson's Thrush [Catharus ustulatus], Nashville Warbler [Vermivora ruficapilla], Magnolia Warbler [Dendroica magnolia], Bay-breasted Warbler [D. castanea], and Ovenbird [Seiurus aurocapillus]). Species richness was 58% and 75% higher in upland forests relative to riparian forests for Neotropical transient and temperate transient groups, respectively. Percent urbanization within 1 km was unrelated to abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients. Abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients was unrelated to percent forest cover within 1 km. Mature upland and riparian forests differed in that riparian sites had lower percentage of shrub cover, higher percentage of canopy cover, and different species composition of trees. Abundance of Neotropical transients was positively associated with mean canopy height; temperate transients were positively associated with mean number of trees >38 cm DBH and mean percentage of shrub cover. Our data indicate that mature upland forests were more heavily used by migrating landbirds than riparian forests within an urbanizing Midwestern landscape and may represent valuable habitats for the conservation of migratory landbirds within highly fragmented landscapes. Uso de Bosques Riparios y de Llanuras por Aves Terrestres como Hábitats de Paradas Migratorias en un Paisaje Urbano Resumen. Las relaciones de los hábitats que sirven como paradas migratorias para las aves terrestres no están bien conocidas, y esto constituye una deficiencia en los planes de conservación de las aves migratorias. Comparamos el uso de bosques maduros de llanuras y de bosques riparios por parte de aves migratorias durante la primavera en un paisaje que está siendo urbanizado en Ohio central. Registramos aves migratorias en las paradas de migración a lo largo de transectos de 250 m y cuantificamos las características del hábitat tanto a nivel local como a nivel del paisaje (porcentaje de cobertura urbana y de bosque). Durante la parada migratoria de primavera, la abundancia de las aves migratorias en bosques de llanura fue un 86% mayor para las aves transitorias del Neártico-Neotrópico (aves migratorias de larga distancia) y un 118% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas (aves migratorias de corta distancia). De 27 especies transitorias, 22 especies se diferenciaron en su uso de bosque ripario y de llanura, y 20 de éstas fueron más abundantes en bosques de llanura (e.g., Vireo solitarius, Empidonax minimus, Catharus ustulatus, Vermivora ruficapilla, Dendroica magnolia, D. castanea, Seiurus aurocapillus). La riqueza de especies en bosques de llanura con relación a el bosque ripario fue un 58% mayor para los grupos de aves transitorias Neotropicales y un 75% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas. El porcentaje de cobertura de urbanización en un radio de 1 km no se relacionó con la abundancia de aves transitorias Neotropicales ni con las transitorias templadas. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales y templadas no se relacionó con la cobertura de bosque dentro de un radio de 1 km. Los bosques maduros de llanura y los bosques riparios se diferenciaron en que los sitios de bosque ripario tuvieron menor cobertura de arbustos, una mayor cobertura de dosel y una composición de especies de árboles diferente. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales se relacionó positivamente con la altura promedio del dosel, mientras que las aves transitorias templadas se relacionaron positivamente con el número promedio de árboles con DAP >38 cm y con la cobertura promedio de arbustos. Nuestros datos indican que los bosques maduros de llanuras fueron utilizados con mayor intensidad por aves migratorias terrestres que los bosques riparios en un paisaje urbanizado del medio-oeste, y que estos bosques pueden representar un tipo de hábitat valioso para la conservación de las aves migratorias terrestres en un paisaje altamente fragmentado.
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Groffman, Peter M., Daniel J. Bain, Lawrence E. Band, Kenneth T. Belt, Grace S. Brush, J. Morgan Grove, Richard V. Pouyat, Ian C. Yesilonis, and Wayne C. Zipperer. "Down by the riverside: urban riparian ecology." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1, no. 6 (August 2003): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0315:dbtrur]2.0.co;2.

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Chen, Yaning, Yapeng Chen, Honghua Zhou, Xingming Hao, Chenggang Zhu, Aihong Fu, Yuhai Yang, and Weihong Li. "Research Advances in Plant Physiology and Ecology of Desert Riparian Forests under Drought Stress." Forests 13, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13040619.

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Under drought stress, desert riparian forest plants are highly self-regulating and have their own unique water use and regulation strategies, which can respond positively in several aspects such as physiology, ecology, and individual phenotypes when coping and adapting to the stresses brought by external environmental changes. In addition, as an important component of arid zone ecosystems, desert riparian forest plants maintain the cycling process of energy and material in desert areas. Therefore, it is of great ecological value to study the role played by desert riparian forest plants in desertification control and biodiversity conservation in arid zones. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data and scientific basis for the conservation, and restoration of desert riparian forests in the inland river basin of arid zone. In this paper, the physiological and ecological responses of desert riparian plants under drought stress were analyzed by reviewing the literature and focusing on the key scientific issues such as drought avoidance mechanisms, water use, and water redistribution, and the relationship between interspecific water competition and resource sharing of desert riparian plants. The results showed that: (1) In the inland river basin of arid zone, desert riparian plants show a mutual coordination of increasing soluble sugars, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreasing peroxidase (POD), to form a unique drought avoidance mechanism, and improve their drought tolerance by changing leaf stomatal conductance resulted from regulating abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin (CTK) content. (2) Desert riparian forest plants have their own unique water use and regulation strategies. When the degree of drought stress increased, Populus euphratica enhanced the water flow of dominant branches by actively sacrificing the inferior branches to ensure and improve the overall survival chances of the plant, while Tamarix ramosissima weaken hydraulic conductance, and increase subsurface material inputs by reducing plant height to cope with drought stress. (3) The root systems of desert riparian plants have hydraulic uplift and water redistribution functions, and, in the hydraulic uplift process of P. euphratica and T. ramosissima root systems, there is a possibility of assisting with other species in water utilization and the existence of a resource sharing mechanism.
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Zheng, Jie, Lei Wang, and Changxiao Li. "Trends and Hotspots in Riparian Restoration Research: A Global Bibliometric Analysis during 1990–2022." Forests 14, no. 11 (November 7, 2023): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14112205.

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Human activities and climate change have increased damage to riparian forest and their functions, stimulating interest in riparian restoration research and resulting in a surge of related publications. However, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of riparian restoration research has been lacking until recently. To understand trends and hotspots in riparian restoration research, we performed a literature search of riparian restoration publications from 1990 to 2022 based on the Web of Science database. We found 2121 peer-reviewed articles, and then each paper was bibliometrically researched, analyzing authors, institutions, countries, citations, journals, publication years, and keywords. The results showed a growing number of annual articles during 1990–2022, but declining average citations. Environmental science, ecology, biodiversity conservation, engineering, and forestry were popular fields in riparian restoration. Publications on the riparian restoration field were widely dispersed in different journals, but Restoration Ecology and Ecological Engineering have higher influence and more publications and citations than other journals. Lorenz A. W., Nilsson C., and Kondolf G. M. were the most competitive authors because of their high number of publications and citations. The USA had the greatest research output and the most citations. American scientists preferred national collaboration, while Switzerland scientists engaged more in international collaborations. Research focus shifted from ecosystems and rivers before the 21st century to management topics after 2001 and biodiversity and conservation after 2011. This study provides valuable insights into the progress of riparian restoration research globally.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Cox, C. L. "Modelling channel dynamics and riparian ecology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598103.

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This study aimed to develop and evaluate a numerical simulation model of the interdependent dynamics of channel form, processes and floodplain vegetation using cellular automaton approaches. The model was developed and evaluated using data from the River Feshie, Scotland. Firstly, field and historic data were examined in order to understand the ecology and dynamic nature of the study site. The braidplain was shown to exhibit a number of different mechanisms of change, varying from a wandering anabranch river to a more fragmented braided pattern; however the relationship between channel pattern and vegetation was not found to be straightforward, and multiple successional pathways were identified, depending on local abiotic conditions. Secondly, the capability of cellular automata models to simulate realistic patterns of discharge, channel change and floodplain ecology was evaluated. Cellular automata models involve a high level of simplification in order to facilitate the modelling of medium time and space scales with highly mobile boundary conditions. The models can predict realistic patterns of discharge and reach-scale ecology compositions, but further work is needed to improve the sediment transport functions. Finally, a cellular automata model was applied to investigate how floodplain ecology responds to different flood disturbance regimes and land management practices. This showed that cellular automata models may be used successfully to explore relationships between discharge, land use management and floodplain ecology. However, uncertainties regarding the lack of physical realism in some aspects of the model predictions meant it was unclear to what extent the results accurately represented future conditions for the River Feshie. Therefore, at this stage cellular automata models cannot be recommended for detailed applied management purposes in specific contexts.
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Briggs, Mark Kendig. "An evaluation of riparian revegetation efforts in Arizona." Ann Arbor, Mich. : UMI, 1992.

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Zadnik, Andrew Karl. "Wildlife use and habitat quality of back channel areas associated with islands on the Ohio River, West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2898.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 131 p. : col. ill., col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Orzetti, Leslie LuChar. "Stream community structure an analysis of riparian forest buffer restoration in the Chesapeake Bay watershed /." Full text available online (restricted access), 2004. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/Orzetti.pdf.

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Nairn, Robert W. "Biogeochemistry of newly created riparian wetlands : evaluation of water quality changes and soil development /." Connect to resource, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1251216965.

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Kimble, Matthew Sidney. "Variation of aquatic and terrestrial riparian biodiversity in response to watershed condition /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5527.

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Malm, Renöfält Birgitta. "Vegetation patterns and processes in riparian landscapes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Ecology and Environmental Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-342.

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The objective of this study was to increase understanding of the processes structuring and controlling the species richness of riparian plant communities. In particular, I examined the unimodal relationship, found in many rivers, between plant species richness and location along the river corridor. The most important finding was that this pattern is dynamic and varies with time, most likely in response to large-scale flood disturbances. I also found that the sensitivity to flood disturbance varied with the environmental setting of the riparian reaches. Turbulent sections of the river retained high species richness, whereas tranquil reaches had significantly lower species richness in years following high and prolonged flooding, compared to a period without extreme flood events. Riparian soils along turbulent reaches are more resistant to oxygen depletion during floods, a factor which is likely to contribute to the maintenance of species richness.

The finding that the species richness pattern varied with time led me to ask which factors control plant diversity along riparian zones. I addressed this question by formulating three contrasting, although not mutually exclusive, hypotheses: (1) longitudinal patterns in riparian plant species richness are governed by local, river-related processes independent of the regional species richness, (2) riparian plant species richness is controlled by dispersal along the river, i.e., longitudinal control, and (3) the variation in riparian plant species richness mirrors variation in regional richness, i.e., lateral control. I found indications of all three types of control, although local factors seemed to fit most of the criteria. Riparian species richness was not significantly correlated to species richness in the surrounding upland valley. It was however significantly negatively correlated to soil pH, a local habitat factor of the reach. The fact that the species richness pattern varied in time, corresponding to the presence or absence of extreme flood events suggest that it is influenced by local disturbance regimes. The potential for control by longitudinal dispersal was found to be highest in the middle reaches of a river. Here, the similarity between upland and riparian vegetation was lowest, and invasibility (germination ability) was highest. Earlier work has shown that regulated rivers have an inverted species richness pattern compared to free-flowing rivers, with lowest species richness in the middle reaches. One potential mechanism behind this could be varying susceptibility to disturbance along the river. I tested this by experimentally disturbing the vegetation, applying the same level of disturbance along an entire free-flowing river. However, the response to experimental disturbance did not vary with location, likely because of a major flood disturbance preceding the experiment.

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Mamone, Mario Salvatore. "A comparative study of small mammal communities in riparian and upland mixed-conifer forest habitats /." View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 1994. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/040308a1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon State College, 1994.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-80). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.
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O'Neill, Edel M. "Resource use by otters Lutra lutra in riparian habitats." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241995.

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Palmer, Grant Campbell, and grant palmer@deakin edu au. "Ecological value of riparian zones to birds in forest landscapes." Deakin University. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 2007. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20071115.083927.

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Riparian zones are a characteristic component of many landscapes throughout the world and increasingly are valued as key areas for biodiversity conservation. Their importance for bird communities has been well recognised in semi-arid environments and in modified landscapes where there is a marked contrast between riparian and adjacent non-riparian vegetation. The value of riparian zones in largely intact landscapes with continuous vegetation cover is less well understood. This research examined the importance of riparian habitats for avifauna conservation by investigating the ecological interactions contributing to the pattern of bird assemblages in riparian and adjacent non-riparian habitats. Specifically, the focus is on the bird assemblages of riparian zones and those of adjacent non-riparian vegetation types and the influence that associated differences in resource availabilities, habitat structure and conditions have on observed patterns. This study was conducted in the foothill forests of the Victorian Highlands, south-east Australia. Mixed-species eucalypt (genus Eucalyptus) forests dominate the vegetation of this region. Site selection was based on the occurrence of suitable riparian habitat interspersed within extensive, relatively undisturbed (i.e. no recent timber harvesting or fire events) forest mosaics. A series of 30 paired riparian and non-riparian sites were established among six stream systems in three forest areas (Bunyip State Park, Kinglake National Park and Marysville State Forest). Riparian sites were positioned alongside the stream and the non-riparian partner site was positioned on a facing slope at a distance of approximately 750 m. Bird surveys were carried out during 29 visits to each site between July 2001 and December 2002. Riparian sites were floristically distinct from non-riparian sites and had a more complex vegetation structure, including a mid-storey tree layer mostly absent from non-riparian sites, extensive fine litter and coarse woody debris, and dense ground-layer vegetation (e.g. sedges and ground ferns). The characteristic features of non-riparian habitats included a relatively dense canopy cover, a ground layer dominated by grasses and fine litter, and a high density of canopy-forming trees in the smaller size-classes. Riparian zones supported a significantly greater species richness, abundance and diversity of birds when compared to non-riparian habitats. The composition of bird assemblages differed significantly between riparian and non-riparian habitats, with riparian assemblages displaying a higher level of similarity among sites. The strongest contributors to observed dissimilarities between habitat types included species that occurred exclusively in either habitat type or species with large contrasts in abundance between habitat types. Much of the avifauna (36%) of the study area is composed of species that are common and widespread in south-east Australia (i.e. forest generalists). Riparian habitats were characterised by a suite of species more typical of wetter forest types in south-east Australia and many of these species had a restricted distribution in the forest mosaic. Some species (7%) occurred exclusively in riparian habitats (i.e. riparian selective species) while others (43%) were strongly linked to these habitats (i.e. riparian associated species). A smaller proportion of species occurred exclusively (2%) in non-riparian habitats (i.e. non-riparian selective species) or were strongly linked to these habitats (10%; i.e. non-riparian associated species). To examine the seasonal dynamics of assemblages, the variation through time in species richness, abundance and composition was compared between riparian and non-riparian sites. Riparian assemblages supported greater richness and abundance, and displayed less variation in these parameters, than non-riparian assemblages at all times. The species composition of riparian assemblages was distinct from non-riparian assemblages throughout the annual cycle. An influx of seasonal migrants elevated species richness and abundance in the forest landscape during spring and summer. The large-scale movement pattern (e.g. coastal migrant, inland migrant) adopted by migrating species was associated with their preference for riparian or non-riparian habitats in the landscape. Species which migrate north-south along the east coast of mainland Australia (i.e. coastal migrants) used riparian zones disproportionately; eight of eleven species were riparian associated species. Species which migrate north-south through inland Australia (i.e. inland migrants) were mostly associated with non-riparian habitats. The significant differences in the dynamics of community structure between riparian and non-riparian assemblages shows that there is a disproportionate use of riparian zones across the landscape and that they provide higher quality habitat for birds throughout the annual cycle. To examine the ecological mechanisms by which riparian assemblages are richer and support more individual birds, the number of ecological groups (foraging, nest-type and body mass groups) represented, and the species richness of these groups, was compared between riparian and non-riparian assemblages. The structurally complex vegetation and distinctive habitat features (e.g. aquatic environments, damp sheltered litter) provided in the riparian zone, resulted in the consistent addition of ecological groups to riparian assemblages (e.g. sheltered ground – invertebrates foraging group) compared with non-riparian assemblages. Greater species richness was accommodated in most foraging, nest-type and body mass groups in riparian than non-riparian assemblages. Riparian zones facilitated greater richness within ecological groups by providing conditions (i.e. more types of resources and greater abundance of resources) that promoted ecological segregation between ecologically similar species. For a set of commonly observed species, significant differences in their use of structural features, substrates and heights were registered between riparian and non-riparian habitats. The availability and dynamics of resources in riparian and non-riparian habitats were examined to determine if there is differential availability of particular resources, or in their temporal availability, throughout the annual cycle. Riparian zones supported more abundant and temporally reliable eucalypt flowering (i.e. nectar) than non-riparian habitats throughout the annual cycle. Riparian zones also supported an extensive loose bark resource (an important microhabitat for invertebrates) including more peeling bark and hanging bark throughout the year than at non-riparian sites. The productivity of eucalypts differed between habitat types, being higher in riparian zones at most times for all eucalypts combined, and for some species (e.g. Narrow-leaved Peppermint Eucalyptus radiata). Non-riparian habitats provided an abundant nectar resource (i.e. shrub flowering) at particular periods in the annual cycle. Birds showed clear relationships with the availability of specific food (i.e. nectar) and foraging resources (i.e. loose bark). The demonstration of a greater abundance of resources and higher primary productivity in riparian zones is consistent with the hypothesis that these linear strips that occupy only a small proportion of the landscape have a disproportionately high value for birds. Riparian zones in continuous eucalypt forest provide high quality habitats that contribute to the diversity of habitats and resources available to birds in the forest mosaic, with positive benefits for the landscape-level species pool. Despite riparian and non-riparian habitat supporting distinct assemblages of birds, strong linkages are maintained along the riparian-upslope gradient. Clearly, the maintenance of diverse and sustainable assemblages of birds in forest landscapes depends on complementary management of both riparian and non-riparian vegetation.
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Books on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Gebhardt, Karl A. Riparian area management: Riparian and wetland classification review. Denver, Colo: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 1991.

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1957-, Lewis Lisa, and National Science and Technology Center (U.S.), eds. Riparian-wetland soils. [Denver, CO] (P.0. Box 25047, Denver 80225-0047): National Science & Technology Center, Bureau of Land Management, 2003.

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Sakio, Hitoshi, and Toshikazu Tamura, eds. Ecology of Riparian Forests in Japan. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-76737-4.

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Cagney, Jim. Greenline riparian-wetland monitoring: Riparian area management. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center, 1993.

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1957-, Lewis Lisa, Clark Lisa, National Science and Technology Center (U.S.), United States. Bureau of Land Management., United States Forest Service, United States. Natural Resources Conservation Service., and National Riparian Service Team (U.S.), eds. Riparian-wetland soils. Denver, CO: U.S. Bureau of Land Management, National Science and Technology Center, 2003.

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1957-, Lewis Lisa, Clark Lisa, National Science and Technology Center (U.S.), United States. Bureau of Land Management, United States Forest Service, United States. Natural Resources Conservation Service, and National Riparian Service Team (U.S.), eds. Riparian-wetland soils. Denver, CO: U.S. Bureau of Land Management, National Science and Technology Center, 2003.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Denver Service Center, ed. Greenline riparian-wetland monitoring. Denver, CO: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center, 1993.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Denver Service Center., ed. Greenline riparian-wetland monitoring. Denver, CO: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center, 1993.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Denver Service Center, ed. Greenline riparian-wetland monitoring. Denver, CO: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center, 1993.

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C, Chambers Jeanne, and Miller Jerry R. 1960-, eds. Great Basin riparian areas: Ecology, management, and restoration. Washington, D.C: Island Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Kelsey, Kathryn A., and Stephen D. West. "Riparian Wildlife." In River Ecology and Management, 235–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1652-0_10.

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Naiman, Robert J., Kevin L. Fetherston, Steven J. McKay, and Jiquan Chen. "Riparian Forests." In River Ecology and Management, 289–323. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1652-0_12.

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Maestas, Jeremy D., Joseph M. Wheaton, Nicolaas Bouwes, Sherman R. Swanson, and Melissa Dickard. "Water Is Life: Importance and Management of Riparian Areas for Rangeland Wildlife." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 177–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_7.

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AbstractWater scarcity and climatic variability shape human settlement patterns and wildlife distribution and abundance on arid and semi-arid rangelands. Riparian areas–the transition between water and land–are rare but disproportionately important habitats covering just a fraction of the land surface (commonly < 2% in the western U.S.). Riparian areas provide critical habitat for fish and other aquatic species, while also supporting the vast majority (70–80%) of terrestrial wildlife during some portion of their life cycle. Diverse riparian types serve as vital sources of water and late summer productivity as surrounding uplands dry during seasonal drought. The health and function of rangeland riparian systems are closely tied to hydrology, geomorphology, and ecology. Riparian areas have attracted intense human use resulting in their widespread degradation. Conservation actions, including improved livestock grazing management and restoration, can help maintain and enhance riparian resilience to drought, wildfire, and flooding. This chapter provides readers with an introduction to the importance of riparian areas in rangelands, their nature and ecology, functions for wildlife, and prevailing management and restoration approaches.
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Peralta-García, Cynthia, Irene Pisanty, Alma Orozco-Segovia, Ma Esther Sánchez-Coronado, and Mariana Rodríguez-Sánchez. "Germination of Riparian Species in Natural and Experimental Conditions." In Plant Diversity and Ecology in the Chihuahuan Desert, 309–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44963-6_19.

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Dahlgren, David K., Lance B. McNew, and Jeffrey L. Beck. "The Future of Rangeland Wildlife Conservation—Synopsis." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 1011–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_30.

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AbstractRangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation provides a broad array of information on rangeland ecology in association with rangeland-dependent wildlife species. Management of land-use practices from livestock grazing to vegetation manipulation are addressed, as well as ecosystem threats that put the future of rangeland-wildlife at risk. Large-scale pervasive issues, such as climate change and land-use alterations, increase uncertainty for the future of our rangeland resources. Ecosystem services that are essential to sustaining human life may be the most concerning issue as we continue to face further resource degradation. However, such concerns could provide the impetus for general societal support of future conservation actions. Our book addresses emerging topics, such as the interaction of rangelands with riparian habitat, biodiversity, insects, wetland birds, herpetofauna, meso- and large carnivores, and avian predators, subjects that have previously received less attention in relation to rangeland ecosystems. Future conservation of rangeland-wildlife will require more integration from the rangeland and wildlife professions, from academic efforts to individual practitioners. The objective of Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation is to provide a valuable information resource and encourage increased integration for students and early professionals from both disciplines.
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Hollenhorst, Thomas P., George E. Host, and Lucinda B. Johnson. "SCALING ISSUES IN MAPPING RIPARIAN ZONES WITH REMOTE SENSING DATA: QUANTIFYING ERRORS AND SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY." In SCALING AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS IN ECOLOGY, 275–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4663-4_15.

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Kominoski, John S., Samantha K. Chapman, Walter K. Dodds, Jennifer J. Follstad Shah, and John S. Richardson. "Causes and Consequences of Changes in Riparian Vegetation for Plant Litter Decomposition Throughout River Networks." In The Ecology of Plant Litter Decomposition in Stream Ecosystems, 273–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72854-0_13.

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Shrestha, Uttam Sagar, and Saruna Shrestha Amatya. "River Ecology Services and People of Riparian Settlements in the Tamakoshi River Basin, Central Nepal." In Nature, Society, and Marginality, 101–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21325-0_7.

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Mihok, Steve, and Malcolm McKee. "Practicalities of Mainstreaming Biomarker Use – A Canadian Perspective." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology, 303–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2101-9_18.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the use of biomarkers within the environmental protection framework that has evolved since the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) was given a broad mandate for the protection of the environment under the Nuclear Safety and Control Act (NSCA) in 2000. Unique insights have been obtained through environmental assessments for major nuclear projects conducted under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, and through the Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) requirements at uranium mines and mills (Metal Mining Effluent Regulations under the Fisheries Act (FA)). Altogether, the Canadian nuclear sector now has 17 years of experience in applying biological evidence in decision-making. Key examples are discussed where improved effluent controls were implemented at uranium mines for three substances (U, Mo, Se) based on risk assessments and supporting biological evidence. In the case of U, potential for localized harm from the chemical toxicity rather than radiological toxicity of U was identified at three older mines through environmental risk assessment. Evidence of potential harm in the field was also obtained from a community ecology bioindicator (benthic invertebrate biodiversity). This led to the improvement of effluent controls for U that were straightforward to implement under the NSCA. In the case of Mo, the weight of evidence for potential health effects on moose and other riparian wildlife from ecological risk assessments (supported by field evidence from Sweden) prompted improved controls based on precaution and pollution prevention. A technological solution was readily available for reducing Mo in effluent and was therefore implemented. In the case of Se, population level effects in fish and individual level effects in waterfowl in the USA led to selenium risks being evaluated downstream of uranium mines. Biomarkers (larval teratogenic deformities) played a pivotal role in attributing observed effects (harm) to the probable cause (selenium accumulation in the environment). However, as technological solutions were not straightforward, effort was required to build a consensus on achievable effluent control targets in a multi-stakeholder and multi-jurisdictional context. Through site-specific research and the latest scientific literature, criteria for selenium risk evaluation and water treatment system improvements were agreed upon and implemented. Within the EEM program, similar issues have arisen in managing a robust and defensible regulatory framework for controls on multiple hazardous substances across many mining sectors. However, an initial review of biomarkers resulted in the selection of only ecologically-relevant parameters (fish health and population indicators, benthic invertebrate biodiversity) as triggers for regulatory action. Altogether, these and other parallel experiences are discussed in terms of the desirable attributes of biological effects monitoring in a Canadian regulatory context.
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Wantzen, K. M., and W. J. Junk. "Riparian Wetlands." In Encyclopedia of Ecology, 3035–44. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008045405-4.00352-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Bulat, Dumitru, Denis Bulat, Marin Usatii, Nina Fulga, Oleg Crepis, Nicolae Saptefraţti, and Rostislav Chelmenciuc. "Particularităţile ihtiofaunei din zona de confluență a râului Răut cu fluviul Nistru în perioada reproductivă." In International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.73.

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At present, particular attention is paid to large rivers without realizing that the ecological status of a large lotic ecosystem depends on the state of its tributaries. Thus, in the conditions of growing anthropogenic presetting, we aimed to demonstrate the importance of the ecotone zones formed between two riparian ecosystems of different sizes, in order to ensure the welfare of the fish resources on both sides.
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Trombitsky, Ilya. "Legal aspects of hydropower impacts on transboundary Dniester river ecosystem." In International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.82.

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The article is dedicated to the legal aspects of bilateral water relations of Moldova and Ukraine on their joint Dniester River demonstrating that only the following international legislation on transboundary waters could help both riparians to save the river for future generations. Current situation with domination of hydrower as dominating used is unacceptable from the sustainable development view. The newly created Dniester River Commission could be a tool to establish a dialogue and a platform for wise decision making. The success could be only reached in case of following the best international standards due to climate change consequences for the region, which provoke droughts etc.
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Reports on the topic "Riparian ecology"

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Everest, Fred H., and Gordon H. Reeves. Riparian and aquatic habitats of the Pacific Northwest and southeast Alaska: ecology, management history, and potential management strategies. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-692.

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Haefele, Noah, and Louis Dupret. Remediated for accessibility per Section 508. National Park Service, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295520.

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This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2022 at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument (AGFO) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the Northern Great Plains Fire Ecology Program (NGPFire). This was the tenth year of combined monitoring efforts. In 2022, crew members from NGPN visited 6 long-term plant community monitoring (PCM) plots to collect data on the upland mixed-grass prairie plant communities at AGFO. This work is part of a long-term monitoring program established to better understand the condition of the vegetation community and how it changes over time. NGPN staff collected species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance data at each plot. The NGPFire crew visited an additional 11 PCM and Fire Plant Community Monitoring (FPCM) plots in the North Carnegie, River-North, River-Middle, and River-South Burn Units to better understand the effects of prescribed fire on vegetation. In 2012, NGPN began monitoring plots within the riparian corridor of the Niobrara River. This year, NGPN evaluated 12 riparian community monitoring (RCM) plots. In 2022, the monitoring crews identified 130 unique plant species in 29 monitoring plots. Of these species, 29 are exotic species for the park. We observed two species, Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) and musk thistle (Carduus nutans), that are noxious in the state of Nebraska. Pale yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus), an exotic species of concern for the park, was observed at 8 of the 13 RCM plots monitored. The majority of upland and riparian plots had more native than exotic absolute cover. The most commonly observed disturbance was soil disturbance.
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Schad, Aaron, Daniel Allen, Lynde Dodd, Ricardo Luna, Jacob Kelly, Kristina Hellinghausen, Nathan Harms, Gary Dick, and Yaretzy Charo. Aquatic ecosystem restoration in the Texas Western Gulf Coast Plain / Lower Rio Grande alluvial floodplain ecoregion : Resaca Boulevard Resaca Section 206—vegetation community adaptive management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47559.

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As part of the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Continuing Authorities Program (CAP), Section 206 projects focus on restoring aquatic habitats for the benefit of fish and other wildlife. From 2017–2021, USACE Engineer Research and Development Center–Environmental Laboratory researchers in the Aquatic Ecology and Invasive Species Branch (ERDC-EL EEA) at the Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF) collaborated with USACE Galveston District, The Nature Conservancy, US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, and local nonfederal sponsors—Brownsville (Texas) Public Utility Board and the City of Brownsville—to study restoration methods on former, naturally cut-off, channels of the Lower Rio Grande River. These aquatic ecosystems, locally termed “resacas,” are home to endemic plants and animals and are thus an important natural resource of national interest. This technical report documents the planning, design, construction, monitoring, and adaptive management activities throughout the Resaca Boulevard Resaca Section 206 Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration project. Methods and results for invasive species management—primarily Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthfolia)—and aquatic and riparian vegetation establishment in endemic Texas ebony resaca forest, subtropical Texas palmetto woodland, and Texas ebony/snake-eyes shrubland habitats are discussed.
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Muldavin, Esteban, Yvonne Chauvin, Teri Neville, Hannah Varani, Jacqueline Smith, Paul Neville, and Tani Hubbard. A vegetation classi?cation and map: Guadalupe Mountains National Park. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302855.

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A vegetation classi?cation and map for Guadalupe Mountains National Park (NP) is presented as part of the National Park Service Inventory & Monitoring - Vegetation Inventory Program to classify, describe, and map vegetation communities in more than 280 national park units across the United States. Guadalupe Mountains NP lies in far west Texas and contains the highest point in the state, Guadalupe Peak (8,751 ft; 2,667 m). The mountain escarpments descend some 5,000 ft (1,500 m) to the desert basins below forming a complex geologic landscape that supports vegetation communities ranging from montane coniferous forests down to desert grasslands and scrub. Following the US National Vegetation Classi?cation (USNVC) standard, we identi?ed 129 plant associations hierarchically tiered under 29 groups and 17 macrogroups, making it one of the most ecologically diverse National Park Service units in the southwestern United States. An aspect that adds to this diversity is that the park supports communities that extend southward from the Rocky Mountains (?ve macrogroups) and Great Plains (one macrogroup) and northward from the Chihuahuan Desert (two macrogroups) and Sierra Madre Orientale of Mexico (three macrogroups). The remaining six macrogroups are found in the Great Basin (one macrogroup), and throughout the southwestern United States (remaining ?ve macrogroups). Embedded in this matrix are gypsum dunelands and riparian zones and wetlands that add further complexity. We describe in detail this vegetation classi?cation, which is based on 540 vegetation plots collected between 2006 and 2010. Full descriptions and diagnostic keys to the plant associations along with an overall plant species list are provided as appendices. Based on the vegetation classi?cation and associated plot data, the vegetation map was developed using a combined strategy of automated digital object-oriented image classi?cation and direct-analog image interpretation of four-band National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial photography from 2004 and 2008 and Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery. The map is designed to facilitate ecologically-based natural resource management at a 1:24,000 scale with 0.5-ha minimum map unit size. The map legend is hierarchically structured: the upper Level 1 consists of 16 map units corresponding in most cases to the USNVC group level, and an additional map unit describing built-up land and agriculture; Level 2 is composed of 48 nested map units re?ecting various combinations of plant associations. A ?eld-based accuracy assessment using 341 vegetation plots revealed a Level 1 overall accuracy of 79% with 90% CI of 74?84% and 68% with 90% CI of 59?76% at Level 2. An annotated legend with summary descriptions of the units, distribution maps, aerial photo examples of map unit polygons, and representative photos are provided in Appendix D. Large wall-size poster maps at 1:35,000 scale were also produced following NPS cartographic standards. The report, plot data, and spatial layers are available at National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Program https://www.nps.gov/im/vegetation-inventory.htm). Outcomes from this project provide the most detailed vegetation classi?cation and highest resolution mapping for Guadalupe Mountains NP to date to support many uses including ?re, recreation, vegetation, and wildlife management, among others. The upper Level 1 map is particularly suited to landscape-scale, park-wide planning and linkages to its sister park, Carlsbad Caverns NP. The Level 2 mapping provides added detail for use at a more localized project scale. The overall accuracy of the maps was good, but because Guadalupe Mountains NP is primarily wilderness park, there were logistical challenges to map development and testing in remote areas that should be considered in planning management actions. In this context, some map units would bene?t from further development and accuracy assessment. In particular, a higher resolution mapping of McKittrick Creek riparian habitat at 1:6,000 scale or ?ner is recommended for this important habitat in the park. In addition, developing a structural canopy height model from LiDAR imagery would be useful to more accurately quantify woody canopy density and height to support ?re management and other habitat management issues. With respect to understanding vegetation dynamics in this time of rapid environmental change, the 540 vegetation plots themselves are su?ciently georeferenced and have the data resolution to be useful in detecting change at the decadal scales across much of the park. To this end, an additional recommendation would be to install more plots to ?ll the gaps among the main vegetation units of the park, both spatially and thematically. Overall, the Vegetation and Classi?cation Map for Guadalupe Mountains NP will support the park?s management e?orts and enhance regional understanding of vegetation and ecology of ecosystems of the southwestern United States.
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Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes, and Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park: Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.

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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.
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Preliminary Design Guidance for Proposed Mainstream Dams in the Lower Mekong River Basin (PDG). Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajutqi.

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The new Preliminary Design Guidance is an updated version of the original PDG introduced in 2009. It incorporates not only what the MRC Member Countries have learnt from their own experience with hydropower, but also from examples and best practices around the world. It also includes the most current knowledge regarding design criteria, science and technology. While the older PDG spanned this range of construction and operation elements (hydraulics; sediment transport; geomorphology; water quality; aquatic ecology; fish and fisheries; dam safety; and navigation), the new PDG now includes hydrology and socio-economic impact to reflect the greater attention paid today to riparian communities and riverine livelihoods.
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