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Journal articles on the topic 'Richard'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 March 2023

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1

Mearns, Richard, Christophe Gouraud, and Laurent Chevrier. "The identity of Richard of Richard's pipit (Anthus richardi Vieillot, 1818)." Archives of Natural History 42, no. 1 (April 2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2015.0281.

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Richard's pipit (Anthus richardi) is an annual vagrant to Europe from its eastern Palaearctic breeding grounds. It was first described in 1818 by Louis Vieillot from specimens obtained in eastern France and named for Richard de Lunéville. Although Richard was then a fairly well known natural history collector his identity became lost to succeeding generations of naturalists. He is identified here as Charles Richard (1745–1835), the director of the postal service at Lunéville. Some of his bird specimens still survive amongst the Baillon Collection at La Châtre but other birds, including the three syntypes of Richard's pipit, have not been traced.

2

Coote, Lesley, and Tim Thornton. "Richard, Son of Richard: Richard III and Political Prophecy." Historical Research 73, no. 182 (October 1, 2000): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00111.

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Abstract This article provides a new context for the politics surrounding the death of Edward IV, the accession of Edward V and his replacement in turn by Richard III. By examining prophecy texts, both those recorded at the time and those preserved in local tradition, the article shows how Richard's role as protector and then as king was validated in prophecy. The article sheds new light on Richard of Gloucester's possible motivations and self-interpretation, and further suggests the ways in which the prophecy tradition helped give Richard's regime its particular form.

3

Krämer, Günter. "Richard Kohn Richards (ursprünglich Richard Kohn; 1904–1983)." Zeitschrift für Epileptologie 33, no. 1 (August 8, 2019): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10309-019-0281-7.

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4

Gari, Nelia, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Wella Cisilya Putri, and Lana Hasanah. "Ogden and Richards Proposed Theories: A Brief Overlook as a Prominent Reference for the Current Studies." REiLA: Journal of Research and Innovation in Language 1, no. 3 (December 29, 2019): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/reila.v1i3.3599.

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The purpose of this article is to find out whether the Ogden and Richard theories are still worthy of being a reference for the current situation. This study intended to review the theories that are highly popular in the semantic environment. Ogden and Richard's theory is one of the most popular semantic theories in linguistics. This theory is a very simple theory related to thought/reference, symbol and referent. Besides, this theory is often referred to as a triangle of meaning and a semiotic triangle. Many researchers try to review the Ogden and Richard theory (Theory Triangle) based on the understanding and perspective of the researchers. This study described and compared the similarity and difference between five (5) studies on the triangle of meaning proposed by Ogden and Richard (1923) this study the analysis and employed a comparative study as a qualitative study in nature. This study explored five (5) articles e.g...“Ogden and Richards’ The Meaning of Meaning and early analytic philosophy, Semantic Triangle and Linguistic Sign, Controversies and Misunderstandings about Meaning: On the reception of Ogden and Richards book, (The Meaning of Meaning), Theories of Semantics; Merits and Limitations, Research on Translation Based on Semantic Triangle Theory”. This study sees that the theory of from Ogden and Richards is still worthy of being a reference until now. The studies being used as lens seems giving their positive credits to their study. This means that Ogden and Richards somehow acknowledged being as a prominent study in their field until now.

5

Gari, Nelia, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Wella Cisilya Putri, and Lana Hasanah. "Ogden and Richards Proposed Theories: A Brief Overlook as a Prominent Reference for the Current Studies." REiLA : Journal of Research and Innovation in Language 1, no. 3 (March 27, 2020): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/reila.v1i3.3827.

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The purpose of this article is to find out whether the Ogden and Richard theories are still worthy of being a reference for the current situation. This study intended to review the theories that are highly popular in the semantic environment. Ogden and Richard's theory is one of the most popular semantic theories in linguistics. This theory is a very simple theory related to thought/reference, symbol and referent. Besides, this theory is often referred to as a triangle of meaning and a semiotic triangle. Many researchers try to review the Ogden and Richard theory (Theory Triangle) based on the understanding and perspective of the researchers. This study described and compared the similarity and difference between five (5) studies on the triangle of meaning proposed by Ogden and Richard (1923) this study the analysis and employed a comparative study as a qualitative study in nature. This study explored five (5) articles e.g...“Ogden and Richards‟ The Meaning of Meaning and early analytic philosophy, Semantic Triangle and Linguistic Sign, Controversies and Misunderstandings about Meaning: On the reception of Ogden and Richards book, (The Meaning of Meaning), Theories of Semantics; Merits and Limitations, Research on Translation Based on Semantic Triangle Theory”. This study sees that the theory of from Ogden and Richards is still worthy of being a reference until now. The studies being used as lens seems giving their positive credits to their study. This means that Ogden and Richards somehow acknowledged being as a prominent study in their field until now.

6

KOTOV, ALEXEY A., and FRANK D. FERRARI. "The taxonomic research of Jules Richard on Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) and his collection at the National Museum of Natural History, USA." Zootaxa 2551, no. 1 (July 28, 2010): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2551.1.2.

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Jules Richard (1863-1945) contributed significantly to cladoceran taxonomy before he became Director of the Musee Oceanographique de Monaco and assistant to Prince Albert I-er de Monaco. His collection, including slides and samples preserved in ethanol, was purchased by E. A. Birge, subsequently incorporated into the collection of David G. Frey, and later gifted to the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. A list of publications of Richard about cladocerans is presented, as well a list of all new taxa described by him (three genera and 37 taxa of species rank), with information about type localities, synonymies and taxonomic comments. Lectotypes and in some cases paralectotypes are selected for Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) bolivari Richard, 1888; D. (Daphnia) curvirostris insulana Moniez in Richard, 1896; Bosmina japonica Poppe & Richard, 1890; Grimaldina brazzai Richard, 1892 and Alona sarsi Richard, 1891. Syntypes exist for Alona moniezi Richard, 1888 and Pleuroxus letourneuxi (Richard, 1888). The ethanol samples of Richard that may contain species for which there are no types are discussed. In addition, samples in the collection of David G. Frey from type localities of Richard's species are noted. These samples could be important for future revisions of the Richard's taxa. A redescription of Pleuroxus letourneuxi (Chydoridae, Chydorinae) is given; Bosmina japonica Poppe & Richard, 1890 (Bosminidae), a junior synonym of B. longirostris (O. F. Muller, 1776), also is redescribed.

7

Akhtar, Samina, Muhammad Rauf, Saima Ikram, and Seema Rehman. "Richard’s Physical Deformity, the Cause or Excuse behind His Wickedness: A Critical Analysis of Shakespeare’s Richard III." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n1p94.

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This study is an attempt to explore the intrinsic behavior of Richard, the tragic hero of Shakespeare’s renowned historical play Richard III. This paper interprets deformity is a cause or excuse behind Richard’s wickedness that leads him towards his appalling disaster. It further evaluates the internal conflicts of Richard’s mind, his lust for the throne and riches, and his ferocity to attain his lustful desires. The paper investigates whether Richard used his physical malformation as a defending tool or it is mere hindrance in his goodness. It also throws light on how Richard defends his wicked nature by blaming his deformity. The researcher critically studies the psyche of the genius but evil character through social and psychological perspective. The finding of the paper suggests that deformity reflects Richard’s inward naturefull of evil and vices and turns to be the real cause behind his abysmal calamity. Richard’s malicious disability is the clear example of his inward evil.

8

Keenan, Siobhan. "Re-reading Shakespeare’s Richard III: Tragic Hero and Villain?" Linguaculture 2017, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lincu-2017-0003.

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Abstract The discovery of the body of the historical Richard III under a Leicester car park in 2012 sparked fresh interest in one of England’s most controversial kings. Accused of murdering his nephews—the Princes in the Tower—Richard’s reign was cut short when he was defeated by Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond (later Henry VII), at the Battle of Bosworth (1485). Richard was subsequently demonised in Tudor historiography, perhaps most famously by Sir Thomas More in his “History of King Richard the thirde” (printed 1557). It is to More that we owe the popular image of Richard III as a “croke backed” and “malicious” villain (More 37), an image which Shakespeare has been accused of further codifying and popularising in his Richard III. Today, the historical Richard III’s defenders argue for the king’s good qualities and achievements and blame early writers such as More and Shakespeare for demonising Richard; but, in Shakespeare’s case at least, this essay argues that the possibility of a sympathetic—and even a heroic—reading of the king is built in to his characterisation of Richard III.

9

Avery, Joshua. "From “Obloquy” to “So Great Trust”: Broken Judgment in More’s and Shakespeare’s Richard III." Moreana 48 (Number 183-, no. 1-2 (June 2011): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2011.48.1-2.7.

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This paper argues that the famous wooing scene of Anne by Richard in Shakespeare’s King Richard III offers an imaginative reply to a question posed, but not explicitly answered, by Thomas More’s History. How does a figure held in general “obloquy” suddenly fall into “so great trust”? I contend that Anne’s vulnerability to Richard’s tactics is largely a function of particular theological assumptions that Richard perceives and skillfully plays upon, assumptions that relate to debates raised by Reformed Christianity.

10

Bothwell, J. S. "The Three Richards: Richard I, Richard II and Richard III, by Nigel SaulThe Three Richards: Richard I, Richard II and Richard III, by Nigel Saul. London, Hambledon and London, 2005. xii, 287 pp. $29.95 US (cloth), $19.95 US (paper)." Canadian Journal of History 41, no. 1 (April 2006): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.41.1.109.

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11

Budrewicz, Aleksandra. "O ludziach i drzewach. „The Overstory” Richarda Powersa." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Poetica 8 (December 23, 2020): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/23534583.8.20.

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12

SCHECHNER, RICHARD. "Oh, I Know I've Been Changed." Theatre Research International 46, no. 3 (October 2021): 346–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883321000304.

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13

Đakovac, Aleksandar. "Richard of St. Victor: Person and existence." Sabornost, no. 14 (2020): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sabornost2014095d.

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Richard of St. Victor is an important figure in the history of scholasticism. In this paper, we will analyze his idea of the person, which he developed for the needs of Triadology. The peculiarity of Richard's point of view is reflected in the attempt to establish the relationship as a key ontological definition of the person. In his thinking, Richard relies on his predecessors, primarily Tertullian, Augustine and to some extent Anselm. Despite the limitations arising from such a background, Richard's insights were a novelty in the thought of the Western Christianity, and the consequences of his teachings have never been fully grasped.

14

Nicoară, Georgiana. "Speculum Speculorum: Kingship and Selfhood in Shakespeare’s King Richard II." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 66, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.2.08.

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"Speculum Speculorum: Kingship and Selfhood in Shakespeare’s King Richard II. Starting from the premise that the concept of the King’s Two Bodies generates the separation between two selves within the nature of a king, I argue that the medieval practice of the speculum principis – the mirror of the perfect prince – plays an important part in the process of fashioning the kingly stance. Given that, in the Christian tradition, the mirror stands on the polarized ground between resemblance to the divine and self-idolatry, the reflection of the self is always deceitful. Two Shakespearean plays will serve for the analysis of the link between mirrors and kings: Richard II and Richard III. In Richard II, Shakespeare creates a climactic scene in which, after having relinquished his crown to Bolingbroke, the newly deposed king demands a looking-glass to identify the remaining aspects of his former self. The article reads the reversal of the sanctified ceremonial coronation, the substitution of investiture by divestiture as a demonic rite of reciting Scripture passages backwards. This act activates the most dramatic effects, transforming Richard’s looking-glass into what Ernst Kantorowicz famously calls a “magic-mirror.” The ambivalence of the mirror is manipulated by Shakespeare in order to unveil Richard’s two-fold persona. The dissolution of kingship leaves behind a fragmented selfhood that can no longer ensure Richard’s survival, reducing him to nothing. Keywords: mirror, kingship, selfhood, crown, deposition, Richard II "

15

Knoblich, K. "Laudatio Richard Weyl." Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie, Teil I 1985, no. 9-10 (July 9, 1986): 1117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zbl_geol_pal_1/1985/1986/1117.

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16

Stow, George B. "Richard II and the Invention of the Pocket Handkerchief." Albion 27, no. 2 (1995): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4051526.

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It has long been thought that the deposition and murder of King Richard II was a personal tragedy, and that “Richard's personality—his natural or inherited character considered apart from the important actions of his life—was the chief cause of his downfall.” In more recent years the aesthetic side of his Richard's character has assumed a new importance in explanations of his fall. Richard H. Jones, for example, has noted that “in any case the fundamental obligation of the medieval king was that he should lead his arrays on the field of battle. Yet, Richard was slight of frame and sensitive of disposition. His tastes were aesthetic rather than athletic.” As well, in the view of Bertie Wilkinson, the reign of King Richard II…ended in utter failure…because he himself was lacking in precisely the qualities he most needed and which his grandfather fortunately had….Instead of the instincts of the warrior he possessed only the more exotic and less popular qualities of the aesthete, loving art, literature, and music, and the pleasures of the mind.

17

Vincent, Nicholas. "The Will of Richard of Elmham (d. 1228)." Historical Research 70, no. 171 (February 1, 1997): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00034.

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Abstract The will of Richard of Elmham, canon of St. Martin‐le‐Grand London and a clerk active on the fringes of the royal court, throws light on Richard's family circle, his comparative degree of wealth and his relations with such leading courtiers as the justiciars, Geoffrey fitz Peter and Peter des Roches. It is possible that Richard was one of the chancery scribes of King Henry III. Certainly, he enjoyed close relations with the king's chancellor Richard Marsh and with the family of chancellor Ralph de Neville.

18

Higgins, Richard, and Maureen Hennessey. "From Passive Patient to Engaged Partner: My Journey With Parkinson Disease." Journal of Participatory Medicine 12, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): e12566. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12566.

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This patient narrative by Richard Higgins with Maureen Hennessey describes Richard's journey of learning to live with a chronic and progressive illness. It begins with Richard's diagnosis and shares many of the lessons learned along the way. Richard copes daily with this condition, relying on the support and expertise of his wife and the treatment team he has assembled while also encouragingly drawing on the skills and knowledge gained as a longtime running coach. A clinical commentary is provided at the article's conclusion, drafted by Richard's friend, Maureen Hennessey, PhD, CPCC, CPHQ, offering observations about the relevance of Richard's story to participatory medicine and suggesting pertinent resources for patients and health care professionals.

19

Whissell, Cynthia. "Shakespeare’s Richard III: An Anomalous Protagonist in an Unusual Play." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 7 (July 19, 2020): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.77.8526.

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Shakespeare’s Richard III is studied in terms of the positivity of language in Richard’s speeches (close to 8000 emotionally scored words). Positivity is evaluated with the Dictionary of Affect in Language (Whissell, 2009). A plot line modeled with a polynomial regression is sketched for the entire drama on the basis of positivity. The overall emotion of the play is positive, and essentially comic (in comparison to Shakespeare’s oeuvre) but the trajectory of the plot of Richard III is tragic. Richard appears as a psychopath in most of the play but becomes more neurotic and conscience-stricken towards the end. The two discussions where Richard is attempting to force a marriage (with Anne, with Queen Elizabeth’s daughter) are compared and differentiated.

20

Moran, Andrew. "“What were I best to say?”: Hasty Curses and Morean Deliberation in Richard III." Moreana 48 (Number 183-, no. 1-2 (June 2011): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2011.48.1-2.8.

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Shakespeare’s King Richard III draws from Thomas More’s The History of King Richard III in its characterization of Queen Elizabeth and in its concern with finding the proper response to malice. Whereas other histories present Elizabeth as foolish and inconstant, More’s stresses her intelligence and deliberation. Shakespeare’s Elizabeth too possesses such traits. She, unlike Lady Anne, recognizes that to return Richard’s curses is to curse oneself. Instead, she protects herself and her daughter, and helps to end England’s curse of civil war, by responding to Richard’s malice with equivocation, specifically by practicing mental reservation.

21

Hays, Richard B. "Response to Richard Burridge, Imitating Jesus." Scottish Journal of Theology 63, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930610000402.

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I am pleased to have the opportunity to participate in this debate on a book that I have watched in the making, from a distance, over the past ten years or more. Richard Burridge was a faithful participant in the New Testament Ethics Seminar at the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas, a seminar that I had the privilege of co-chairing, along with Wolfgang Schrage and Andreas Lindemann. During the years of that working group Richard presented early drafts of material that adumbrated the basic themes of Imitating Jesus. Consequently, he and I have been discussing our common interests in these matters for quite a while. Anyone who reads Richard's substantial new work alongside my earlier book, The Moral Vision of the New Testament, will see that we don't always agree, but there are actually a fair number of commonalities – perhaps more commonalities than would be conveyed by a casual survey of Richard's explicit references to my work.

22

Mohammad Hotibul Umam and M. Lutfi Mustofa. "DATA FIELD RICHARD C. MARTIN DALAM PENDEKATAN STUDI ISLAM." Qolamuna : Jurnal Studi Islam 8, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55120/qolamuna.v8i1.656.

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This study focuses on mapping the approach to Islamic studies in one of Richar C. Martin's edited works entitled Approach to Islam in Religious Studies. This research takes a descriptive-analytical form which begins by revealing the writing background and approach in religious studies. Through this research, several conclusions can be drawn regarding Martin's academic anxiety, which he admits is the cause of the weakness between the theological approach that maintains a normative understanding of religion and the historical point of view of religion. Starting from this, then Richar C. Martin tried to bridge the gap by publishing a book which was the result of the edits of several essays or articles from outsiders and insiders who discussed the themes of Islamic studies and various approaches in Islamic studies. From this background, the purpose of this study is to focus on describing the approach to Islamic studies and describing the methodological approach to Islamic studies in religious studies in Richard C. Martin's Approach to Islam in Religious Studies. Key Word : Approach, Islamic Studies, Richard C. Martin

23

WANAT, MAREK, and JACQUES POUSSEREAU. "Mascarapion, a new genus of the Apioninae (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) from the Mascarene Islands." Zootaxa 4615, no. 2 (June 13, 2019): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4615.2.6.

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A new genus, Mascarapion, is erected, endemic to the Mascarene Archipelago. Three species are included as new combinations: M. mauritii (Beguin-Billecocq, 1905), M. roudieri (Richard, 1957) and M. richardi (Alonso-Zarazaga, 1983). Mascarapion richardi is given a new status of distinct species, its morphological differences from M. roudieri are described. The problematic placement of the new genus in existing apionine tribes is discussed.

24

Woźniak, Kamila. "Sensualne oblicza śmierci w opowiadaniach Richarda Weinera na wybranych przykładach." Slavica Wratislaviensia 168 (April 18, 2019): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.168.25.

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Sensual images of death in short stories by Richard Weiner selected examplesThe author of the article analyzes a selection of stories by Richard Weiner with regard to the leading theme — a sensual image of death. Attention is drawn to polisensuality of expression and the construction of the world depicted on the basis of sensual antinomies, e.g. silence/sound, movement/stillness, dead/alive, visible/invisible. The author refers to selected short stories from Weiner’s collections: Netečný divák 1917, Lítice 1918, Škleb 1919, and Lazebník 1929.Smyslná tvář smrti v povídkách Richarda Weinera ve vybraných příkladechAutorka článku analyzuje vybrané povídky Richarda Weinera z pohledu úvodního motivu, jímž je smyslná tvář smrti. Věnuje pozornost mnohasmyslnosti výpovědi a stavbě světa představeného na základu smyslových antinomií jako například: ticho–zvuk, pohyb–klid, mrtvé–živé, viditelné–neviditelné. Autorka se odvolává na vybrané povídky Weinera ze sbírek: Netečný divák 1917, Lítice 1918, Škleb 1919 i Lazebník 1929.

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Woźniak, Kamila. "Rzeczywistość jako spisek na podstawie wybranych opowiadań Richarda Weinera." Slavica Wratislaviensia 169 (May 9, 2019): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.169.4.

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Reality as a conspiracy based on selected short stories by Richard WeinerIn this draft, the main theme is an attempt to analyse a conspiracy theory for its philosophical and ontological aspects but in the literary context. The author refers to selected stories by Richard Weiner. She presents her insights on the development of plots and conspiracy themes that depart from their commonly understood form. She shows the theme of reality as a mysterious set of certain premonitions and predetermined rules that control the life of the characters. Realita jako spiknutí na základě vybraných povídek Richarda WeineraHlavním tématem tohoto námětu je pokus o analýzu konspirační teorie z filozofického a ontologického hlediska, avšak v literárním kontextu. Autorka odkazuje na vybrané povídky Richarda Weinera. Uvádí jeho myšlenky důležité pro realizaci témat a motivů spiknutí, jež se od jejich běžně srozumitelné formy liší. Ukazuje motiv reality jako tajemnou sadu určitých pocitů a předem stanovených pravidel, která ovládají život hlavních postav.

26

Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto. "Remembering Richard [Obituary, Richard A.Newton]." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 26, no. 8 (August 2007): 1357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2007.902701.

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Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto. "Remembering Richard [A. Richard Newton." IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 2, no. 3 (2010): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2010.937688.

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28

Kizelbach, Urszula. "Eroticism—Politics—Identity: The Case of Richard III." Text Matters, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/texmat-2013-0028.

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Richard III’s courtship of Lady Anne in William Shakespeare’s King Richard III is a blend of courtly speech and sexual extravaganza. His sexual energy and power of seduction were invented by Shakespeare to enhance the theatrical effect of this figure and, at the same time, to present Richard as a tragic character. Richard’s eroticism in Act 1 Scene 2 makes him a complicated individual. Playing a seducer is one of the guises he uses to achieve his political aims on the one hand, and, on the other, the pose of a sexually attractive lover enables him to put his masculinity to the test. Throughout the scene Richard is haunted by his deformity that, together with his villainy, makes him a stranger to the world and an enemy to his family and the court. In order to overcome his self-image of a disproportional cripple he manifests his sexuality towards Anne to boost his self-esteem and to confirm that the lady will accept him despite his obvious physical shortcomings. This article uses Georges Bataille’s theory of eroticism and erotic desire to characterize Richard as a tragic individual and to explain the reasons behind his unexpected sexual behaviour in the seduction scene.

29

Dumot, Méline. "A Contemporary Clown." Pacific Coast Philology 56, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/pacicoasphil.56.1.0027.

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Richard III is the perfect Shakespearean figure to look into the clowning tradition at play in the early modern theatrical world. Richard is a wise fool, who delivers the truth under comic appearances, as well as a buffoon, “deformed, unfinish'd, sent before [his] time” (Richard III, 1.3.21), who amuses the audience. Thomas Ostermeier, world renowned director of the Schaubühne Theatre in Berlin (since 1999), presented his Richard III at the Avignon Festival (France) in July 2015. His favorite actor, Lars Eidinger, largely contributed to his success. The latter chose to play a particularly dynamic Richard, in connection with the figure of the medieval Vice. Richard's role marks the pinnacle of Eidinger's acting, with a strong emphasis on improvisation. The spectators are constantly solicited. Improvisation is the perfect form of communication for the clown who mocks his audience and adapts to the conditions of live performance. Thomas Ostermeier, a keen reader of Shakespearean criticism, revisits the figure of the medieval Vice: he deploys twenty-first-century playing techniques in order to explore a complex Shakespearean heritage. Eidinger’s play mode is a perfect illustration of how the clown figure can be revisited to offer a new experience to twenty-first-century audiences.

30

Turner, Ralph V. "Richard Lionheart and English Episcopal Elections." Albion 29, no. 1 (1997): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4051592.

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While Henry II and John's bitter quarrels with the Church have inspired much comment from both contemporaries and modern scholars, Richard Lionheart's relations with the English Church have attracted little notice. The lack of theatrical clashes with the pope or the archbishop of Canterbury has led modern scholars to assume that Richard I enjoyed fortunate relations with his clergy. Richard's most recent biographer has viewed him as “a conventionally pious man,” and contemporary chroniclers depicted him as fitting the Church's definition of the perfect knight whose financial exactions and other faults could be overlooked because of his crusader status.Almost continuously absent from England, the Lionheart is assumed to have had little opportunity to assert his will in ecclesiastical matters. Yet, Richard I was as determined as his father and brother to defend English monarchs' traditional rights over the Church, because their mastery over such a powerful institution conferred many advantages. Their bishops were also barons who advised the king at great councils, who often held posts in the royal administration, and who owed feudal obligations, even quotas of knights. The royal right of regalia gave Richard custody of church lands during an episcopal vacancy and the right to authorize new elections and to approve bishops-elect.Sir Christopher Cheney, a leading authority on the twelfth-century Church, observed that Richard I was “forever busy with the English Church.” An examination of the Lionheart's ecclesiastical policy proves him correct, revealing a monarch who had little respect for the Church's freedom and worked to preserve his royal predecessors's authority over it. Richard took care to oversee closely English episcopal elections.

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Refskou, Anne Sophie. "“No beast so fierce but knows some touch of pity”: Compassion and the Nonhuman in Richard III." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 24, no. 39 (March 15, 2022): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-8530.24.08.

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When Lady Anne accuses Richard of cruelty in the wooing scene of act one in Richard III, she claims that even the fiercest beast will demonstrate some degree of pity. Her attempt to categorize Richard as somehow both less than human and less than a beast, however, leaves her vulnerable to Richard’s pithy retort that he knows no pity “and therefore [is] no beast” (1:2:71-2). The dialogue swiftly moves on, but the relation between the emotional phenomenon known as pity or compassion and the nonhuman, briefly raised in these two lines, remains unresolved. Recent scholarship at the intersection of early modern studies, historical animal studies and posthumanism has demonstrated ways in which the human-animal binary is often less than clearly articulated in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Building on such work, and adding perspectives from the history of the emotions, I look closely at the exchange between Anne and Richard as characteristic of pre-Cartesian confusion about the emotional disposition—in particular compassion—of animals. I argue that such confusion can in fact be traced throughout Richard III and elsewhere in the Shakespeare canon and that paying attention to it unsettles the more familiar notion of compassion as a human species distinction and offers a new way to read the early modern nonhuman.

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Melk-Koch, Marion. "Richard Thurnwald und die Siebungstheorie." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 54, no. 1 (March 12, 1996): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/54/1996/71.

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Schreyer, Werner. "Karl Richard MEHNERT (1913-1996)." European Journal of Mineralogy 9, no. 2 (June 26, 1997): 467–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/9/2/0467.

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Carlos Ferreira, Antônio, Rubens de Andrade Jr., Luís Guilherme Barbosa Rolim, Marcelo de Azevedo Neves, Marcos Antônio Cruz Moreira, Marco Antônio Pereira do Rosário, Ocione José Machado, and Roberto Nicolsky. "Richard." Eletrônica de Potência 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2003): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18618/rep.2003.1.001008.

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Woong-jae Shin. "Modernizing Shakespeare: Richard Loncraine's Richard III." Shakespeare Review 47, no. 1 (March 2011): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17009/shakes.2011.47.1.003.

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Wang, Xiaoying, Sixia Liu, and Yuan Huang. "A Study on the Rapid Parameter Estimation and the Grey Prediction in Richards Model." Journal of Systems Science and Information 4, no. 3 (June 25, 2016): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2016-223-12.

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Abstract Richards model is a nonlinear curve with four parameters. Usually, the estimation of parameters in Richard model is complicated; and there is little literature on the gray prediction in Richards model is found. Facing these problems, this paper presents a algorithm consisting of the following steps: First, replacing approximately the original data with an arithmetic sequence to rapidly estimate the four parameters of Richards model; then, using them as the initial values to fit the original data by nonlinear least squares, the optimized parameters of Richards model are obtained. The algorithm along with “Kernel” and “IAGO” principles are used for the prediction of grey Richards model. The results from the experiments show that the above algorithms have good practicability and research value.

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Pedroso, M. "The Species Problem: A Philosophical Analysis, by Richard Richards." Mind 122, no. 488 (October 1, 2013): 1180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzu019.

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Reydon, Thomas A. C. "Richard A. Richards: The Species Problem: A Philosophical Analysis." Science & Education 22, no. 2 (August 5, 2011): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11191-011-9381-0.

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Thornton, R. "Obituary: Dr. Richard Roland Baker." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 22, no. 5 (June 1, 2007): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0839.

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AbstractRichard Baker died at Easter 2007 after a very short illness. It is sad that he died so soon after his retirement from the British American Tobacco Company at the end of 2005, and just as he was beginning to enjoy his new life, even though tobacco science still had a part to play.In 2006 Richard received the Tobacco Science Research Conference Lifetime Achievement Award, and at this time Thomas Perfetti, in this journal, described his distinguished scientific career in some detail. I will not repeat the list of these remarkable achievements, but can only add that he may well be the only scientist ever to be awarded the ultimate research degree, a D. Sc., by a British University for research activities while working for a tobacco company. Bearing in mind anti-tobacco sentiment this was a breath-taking achievement.Richard joined B.A.T. in 1971 and came to live quite near us on the outskirts of Southampton. We got to know Richard and Jackie well. Being a few years older several of the younger Thornton's then acted as baby-sitters as the younger Baker's appeared on the scene. Richard's enthusiasm for jogging and long-distance running was well known. As he jogged by the entrance to my house on foggy mornings he became a well-known health hazard, both to himself and to me.Richard's interests also included local politics and schools and indicated his great interest in people and their well-being. He was a kind and thoughtful colleague. When we moved house in 1976 Richard and Jackie sent us a good luck card, repeated in 1994 when we moved, briefly and spectacularly, to New Delhi.Richard's last years were evidently as full as ever, and he was still publishing scientific papers in his role as a Consultant. He was close to his family and children. Grandchildren, of whom he was very fond, had arrived. Richard and Jackie had also acquired a holiday home in their beloved Lake District in N.W. England.I, and everyone who met him, will have fond recollections of Richard as a delightful person and as an outstanding scientist, and above all we would like Jackie to know how we regarded him.

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Schwyzer, Philip. "Lees and Moonshine: Remembering Richard III, 1485–1635*." Renaissance Quarterly 63, no. 3 (2010): 850–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/656930.

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AbstractNot long after Shakespeare's birth in 1564, the last witnesses to the reign of Richard III (1483–85) would have reached the end of their lives. Richard III (ca. 1592) occupies a distinctive historical moment in relation to its subject, the period after the extinction of living memory, but still within the horizon of secondhand or communicative memory. This essay explores how memories and postmemories of Richard's reign were preserved, transmitted, and transformed over the course of the sixteenth century and into the seventeenth. While registering the powerful influence of emerging contexts, including the Reformation and, ultimately, Shakespeare's play, these memories remained distinct from, and sometimes at odds with, textual history. They survived because they offered their bearers a resource for interpreting and resisting the predicaments of the present, from the problem of tyranny to the legacies of the Reformation.

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Schechner, Richard, and Richard Foreman. "Richard Foreman on Richard Foreman: An Interview." Drama Review: TDR 31, no. 4 (1987): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1145839.

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Aujac, Germaine. "Richard J. A. Talbert and Richard W." Anabases, no. 12 (October 1, 2010): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/anabases.944.

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Larson, Allan. "The Dialectical Biologist. Richard Levins , Richard Lewontin." Isis 78, no. 4 (December 1987): 614–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/354580.

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LÖBERT, ANJA. "Cliff Richard’s self-presentation as a redeemer." Popular Music 27, no. 1 (December 13, 2007): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143008001475.

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AbstractAlthough tremendously popular, Great Britain’s long-term icon Cliff Richard has been widely neglected by popular music studies. This article aims to correct this omission by introducing an argument that claims that Cliff Richard portrays himself to a considerable degree as a saviour figure. Evidence for this thesis will be drawn from three meaningful dimensions in popular music: song lyrics, pictorial self-representations, and image components. These three areas can be shown to be semantically concordant in presenting Cliff Richard as a redeemer. While the promise of redemption by the singer persona is a recurring motif in his song lyrics, this assurance gets repeated in pictorial representations that make allusions to Jesus Christ (through posture, lighting, and elevation) and is further reinforced by a number of components of Richard’s image such as the (apparently) incorruptible body, the asexuality, and the demonstrative benevolence towards the sick and poor. The combination of these sign-complexes creates a meaningful pattern around the singer that sets him apart as a surrogate saviour.

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Bos, Egbert. "Richard Billingham's Speculum puerorum, Some Medieval Commentaries and Aristotle." Vivarium 45, no. 2 (2007): 360–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853407x217821.

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AbstractIn the history of medieval semantics, supposition theory is important especially in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. In this theory the emphasis is on the term, whose properties one tries to determine. In the fourteenth century the focus is on the proposition, of which a term having supposition is a part. The idea is to analyse propositions in order to determine their truth (probare). The Speculum puerorum written by Richard Billingham was the standard textbook for this approach. It was very influential in Europe. The theory of the probatio propositionis was meant to solve problems both in (empirically oriented) scientific propositions such as used by the Oxford Calculators, and theological propositions, especially those about the Trinity. The book is original, concise, but not clear in every respect. Studying medieval commentaries may help us to understand Richard's book. In the present paper three commentaries are presented. The commentators discussed problems about the status of Richard's book, and about its doctrine: what is the relation between probatio and truth, what is the relation between probatio and supposition, what exactly are mediate and immediate terms (e.g.is the pronoun 'this' mediate or immediate?). The commentators sometimes criticize Richard. For example, one of them argues, against Billingham, that the verb 'can' ampliates its subject term and is therefore mediate.

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Henzel, Christoph. "Richard Strauss als preußischer Hofkapellmeister." Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 76, no. 4 (2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/afmw-2019-0014.

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Frank, Andrea. "Proverbs and Irony: Their Literary Role in Thomas More’s History of Richard III." Moreana 51 (Number 195-, no. 1-2 (June 2014): 210–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2014.51.1-2.15.

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In his History of King Richard III, Thomas More uses proverbs to demonstrate to the reader how to evaluate characters, events, and ideas in the narrative. Identifying and examining the proverbs reveals subtle irony and wisdom. For example, when Richard chooses “a sure foundation” for his plans, a proverb is the starting point from which the reader evaluates Richard’s actions, compares them to Edward’s, and raises perennial questions of how to govern rightly. Similarly, proverbs in the queen’s argument for keeping her son show the error of her decision. Finally, the bishop of Ely’s proverbs and fable demonstrate the power and danger of words in the government and highlight qualities of a good leader which are otherwise lacking in the History.

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Koterski,, Joseph W. "The Species Problem: A Philosophical Analysis. By Richard A. Richards." International Philosophical Quarterly 53, no. 2 (2013): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq201353224.

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Courtney, R. K. "Richard III." Iowa Journal of Literary Studies 11, no. 1 (1991): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0743-2747.1368.

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Parsons, Scott, and William G. Hyland. "Richard Rodgers." Antioch Review 57, no. 1 (1999): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4613822.

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