Academic literature on the topic 'Rice growing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rice growing":
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de Vries, G. E. "Growing rice in Canada." Trends in Plant Science 5, no. 1 (January 2000): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1360-1385(99)01535-6.
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Sysoev, O. E., E. O. Sysoev, and D. B. Solovev. "Automation Prospects in Rice Growing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/4/042015.
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Abstract This article considers the solution for the automation problem in rice growing. Currently, every seventh resident of the earth is involved in rice growing and processing, and all countries experience insufficiency of labor resources for this work. To solve this problem, the authors suggest using an automated agricultural self-propelled platform (AASPP) that will help completely automate rice growing and solve environmental, economic, social, and infrastructural problems of rural residents. Besides, it can help eliminate many of the technical problems of rice growing, such as the horizontal leveling off the field, corrosion of agricultural machines, complying with agrotechnical standards when planting, and the correlations between the terms of agrotechnological works using machines and mechanisms and soil humidity and other natural conditions. Solving the problem of rice growing automation will help satisfy the needs of this agricultural sector in labor and free 30-50% of people involved in rice growing to be employed in other economic sectors.
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Kovalev, R. K., and R. I. Dubin. "RICE GROWING IN ASTRAKHAN REGION." RICE GROWING 47, no. 2 (2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/1684-2464-2020-47-2-4-9.
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Köhl, K. "Growing rice in controlled environments." Annals of Applied Biology 167, no. 2 (May 15, 2015): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aab.12220.
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MacRae, Graeme. "Growing rice after the bomb." Critical Asian Studies 37, no. 2 (January 2005): 209–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14672710500106267.
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Vromant, Nico, and Nguyen Thi Hoai Chau. "Growing rice and raising fish concurrently." Waterlines 20, no. 1 (July 2001): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.2001.031.
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Bhuiyan, Sadiq I. "IRRIGATION SUSTAINABILITY IN RICE-GROWING ASIA." Canadian Water Resources Journal 18, no. 1 (January 1993): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1801039.
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Rijsberman, Frank. "Growing more rice with less water." Paddy and Water Environment 2, no. 4 (November 6, 2004): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10333-004-0059-y.
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Anwar M, Hossen, Hossain Mosharraf M, Haque Enamul M, and Bell Richard W. "Effect of growing media on mat type seedling raised for mechanical rice transplanting." Research in Agricultural Engineering 64, No. 3 (October 1, 2018): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/79/2016-rae.
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Mechanical transplanted seedling must meet the requirements of standard seedling block with uniform distribution of seedlings and inter-twisting roots for rolling. This study was conducted to identify the effect of growing media on mat type seedling raised for mechanical transplanting at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during the period of 2012–2014 covering two dry and cold seasons (Boro) and one wet season (Aman). Seedling were raised on plastic tray using sandy loam and clay loam soil mixed with decomposed cow-dung, mustard cake, rice straw organic fertilizer, rice bran, poultry litter and vermicompost at the rate of 0.0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%. Rolling quality of the seedling mat decreased and seedling height increased with the increased of mixing rate of organic fertilizer except rice bran and mustard cake. Averaged across three seasons, 10 to 30% cow-dung, rice straw organic fertilizer, vermicompost, 10% poultry litter and 20 to 30% rice bran with both types of soil was found suitable for seedling mat and seedling height. However, seedling varied among the organic fertilizers with both types of soil in the order of cow-dung > rice bran > vermicompost > poultry liter > rice straw organic fertilizer > mustard cake. Clay loam soil showed better performance on rolling quality over sandy loam soil.
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Deng, Ligang, Lu Chen, Shuai Guan, Junhua Liu, Jingyun Liang, Xia Li, and Zengmei Li. "Dissipation of Emamectin Benzoate Residues in Rice and Rice-Growing Environments." Molecules 25, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030483.
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The experiment developed the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method for testing emamectin benzoate, and studied the metabolism of emamectin benzoate in rice plants and rice-growing environments via application of this testing method. The dissipation curve of emamectin benzoate standard substance was good at 0.5–200 μg L−1, and its correlation coefficient was greater than 0.99. In the concentration range of 0.1–50 μg kg−1, the average recovery rate of plants, soil, and field water was 82 %–102 %, and relative standard deviation (RSD) was between 0.3 % and 15.9 %. Half-lives in rice plants and soil were 0.8–2.8 days and 1.9–3.8 days, respectively, and emamectin benzoate was not detected in rice or rice hull. The experiment showed that emamectin benzoate is harmless to human health at the concentration recommended by the manufacturer.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rice growing":
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Nagarajan, Geetha. "Informal credit markets in Philippine rice growing areas." Connect to resource, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1249498212.
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Sundelin, William. "Growing crops or growing conflicts? : Climate variability, rice production and political violence in Vietnam." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9757.
Abstract:
This thesis contributes to research on climate change and violent conflict by testing the theory of a causal relationship between climate variability, agricultural production and political violence in the case of Vietnam 2010-2019. Climate-related negative shocks to agricultural production in developing countries are expected to lower the opportunity cost of violence through an income effect. This increases the risk of violent conflict. The thesis draws on a framework that combines climate-conflict research, civil war theory and research on how climactic factors affect rice cultivation in Southeast Asia. It tests the hypotheses emerging from the framework using mixed-effect models and a counterfactual comparison. Minimum temperature increases in the growing season for rice have been found to decrease rice yields, while maximum temperature increases have a positive effect on yield.The results show that minimum temperature increases are averse to Vietnamese rice production and have a positive relationship with political violence in the following year. Maximum temperature however is not significantly related to either rice production or violence. These results are in line with the hypotheses drawn from the framework. The minimum temperature effect on political violence is small compared to some of the covariates but robust to several different model specifications. The results provide evidence of a climate-conflict link through agricultural production in contemporary Vietnam which is similar to the findings in existing case studies in Southeast Asia. However, more research will be needed to decisively identify the causal mechanism and the specifics of how it works.The seminar was held digitally.
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Aben, Silvestre K., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Centre for Horticulture and Plant Sciences. "Influence of elevated CO2 partial pressure on early growth and development of rice." THESIS_FST_HPS_Aben_S.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/218.
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The rise in atmospheric CO2 partial pressures that is predicted for the 21st Century is likely to increase productivity and alter nutrient of C3 crop plants. Consequently, physiological data on plant growth and nutrition at elevated CO2 are required, because these data underpin simulation models, which are needed for management of crops under the CO2 scenario for the mid to late 21st Century.In particular, information is required about management of nitrogen(N) fertilisation because this mineral nutrient plays a central role in the growh of many crops. Rice was chosen as a model plant because of its widespread consumption throughout the world and its responsiveness to CO2 and N fertilisation. There were three major hypotheses: first, that early exposure of rice plants to high CO2 is required to achieve the maximum growth and tillering response; secondly, that early increases in growth and tillering at high CO2 are associated with the phytohormone, ethylene; and thirdly, that growth at elevated CO2 decreases leaf N concentrations required to support maximum dry mass production and photosynthetic rates (critical concentrations).Several tests and experiments were conducted and results noted. It is likely that grain yield will be greater as the atmospheric CO2 partial pressure rises even when N supplies are low, providing that high CO2 does not cause accelerated tiller abortion at low N.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Tudi, Muyesaier. "Pesticide Contamination and Environmental Health Risk Assessment in Typical Rice Growing Areas of China." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/405208.
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Pymetrozine has replaced the toxic organophosphate pesticides that were previously used for rice crops in China. Owing to its recent introduction, there are limited studies on the residuals and dynamics of Pymetrozine in the environment. The existing data usually pertain to application studies on artificially constructed plots. Such studies do not adequately address the behaviour of natural dynamics and residuals of Pymetrozine in actual field conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies under field conditions to investigate the natural dynamics and residuals of Pymetrozine in typical rice-growing areas in China. In addition, residents living close to agricultural lands might be exposed to pesticides through environmental pathways including spray drift and volatilisation of pesticides beyond the treated area. Most studies about the metabolism, environmental distribution, fate and exposure of Pymetrozine have been carried out in laboratory conditions. However, these experiments cannot represent the natural dynamics and residuals and its exposure and human health risk in the field situation. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically assess Pymetrozine exposures and potential health risks through the environmental routes for residents living close to agricultural lands in field situations.
This study was carried out in two rice growing areas in China: Guangxi Province and Hunan Province. Surface soil and paddy water samples were collected in each area on the day prior to spraying and up to the 28th day after pesticide application in June 2019. A modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method was used to extract the target analyte. Parameters including linearity, linear range, LOQs, accuracy, precision and stability were considered to evaluate the method validation. Calibration curve analysis and kinetic evaluation methods were used to discuss the dynamics and residual levels of Pymetrozine. In addition, data on the registration of pesticides in China were used, along with government reports, and questionnaire interview as well as toxicological health investigations were carried out to determine the potential hazard identification of Pymetrozine as the major hazard to community health. US EPA exposure assessment and human health risk assessment methods were conducted using the soil and paddy water samples which were collected between 10 to 20 metres around the residents’ apartments. These included the calculation of Hazard Quotient (HQ) and cancer risk values to assess health risks.
The results of the recovery range for both the soil and water samples were between 70 % and 120 %, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than the 20 % in this study, being within the accepted level for residue determination method. Thus, this result shows satisfactory performance of the method. The initial deposit of Pymetrozine in soils was higher than in paddy water in both areas. The decay of Pymetrozine followed an exponential trend. The half-life of Pymetrozine in paddy water was determined to be 3.08 and 3.85 days in the Guangxi and Hunan samples, whereas in soil it was 3.49 and 3.73 days, respectively. The degradation of Pymetrozine in soil and paddy water in this field study was faster than reported in previous studies conducted under non-field conditions.
The typical loamy soil and red soil type of the rice-growing areas in China, make residues of Pymetrozine very susceptible to chemical and biological degradation, probably corresponding to the variety of microorganisms in that soil type. In addition, the partitioning behaviour of Pymetrozine between soil/sediment and water conforms to previous results and can be used in modelling studies.
The minimum, average, 95th percentile and maximum of the potential cancer risk from dermal contact with soil and water for adults and children; the minimum, average, 95th percentile and maximum of the potential cancer risk from ingestion of soil for adults and children; and the potential total cancer risk from soil and paddy water exposure through the dermal and ingestion pathways were less than 1×10-6, which is within the acceptable levels.
The potential non-cancer risk levels obtained for the minimum, average, 95th percentile and maximum of the acute dose and lifetime dose of Pymetrozine through dermal exposure to soils and paddy water; and ingestion exposure to soil for adults and children of the two study locations were below unity. Thus, the potential risks were relatively low.
There are no significant potential health effects of Pymetrozine exposure from environmental routes to agriculture communities in both typical rice-growing areas Hunan and Guangxi, of China.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medicine & Dentistry
Griffith Health
Full Text
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Finger, Maria Isabel Fernandes. "Percepção e medidas de gestão de riscos por produtores de arroz irrigado na Fronteira-Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49362.
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A produção agrícola apresenta características particulares, se comparada a outras atividades da economia, sendo uma das mais marcantes a extensão dos riscos aos quais está exposta. O cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) irrigado, embora pareça menos suscetível a riscos do que as culturas de sequeiro, também está exposto aos riscos inerentes ao exercício da atividade agrícola. Maior produtor mundial de arroz fora da Ásia, o Brasil tem no estado do Rio Grande do Sul seu principal estado produtor, com 65% do total. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como o orizicultor do Rio Grande do Sul percebe os riscos inerentes à sua atividade e quais medidas adota para gerir estes riscos. O método empregado envolveu a aplicação presencial de questionários semiestruturados em orizicultores, de acordo com uma amostra não probabilística definida. Os resultados indicaram que os orizicultores atribuem maior relevância aos riscos socioeconômicos do que aos de produção, na percepção atual. Quando comparada a percepção atual dos orizicultores em relação à de cinco anos atrás, observou-se um aumento da relevância dos riscos de mercado e institucionais. Evidencia-se, assim, a importância da gestão do negócio por parte dos orizicultores do Rio Grande do Sul, para que sua atividade produtiva esteja organizada de modo a ocorrer de forma integrada com os demais elos da cadeia produtiva do arroz. A menor relevância atribuída pelos orizicultores aos riscos de produção, na percepção atual, pode indicar que as técnicas produtivas já estejam consolidadas. Em se tratando de medidas de gestão de riscos, a busca de informação é adotada pela maioria dos orizicultores e foi considerada relevante; no entanto, há indicativos de que a aplicação desta informação ainda pode ser melhorada. Os orizicultores percebem a importância e a necessidade de reduzir custos sem, no entanto, formalizar a maneira de fazê-lo. A redução de custos pode ser uma alternativa para mitigação de riscos de mercado, apontados como os mais relevantes pelos orizicultores. A percepção dos orizicultores sobre as fontes de risco inerentes à sua atividade e sobre as medidas para mitigá-las pode representar o alicerce na formulação de estratégias de gestão de riscos.Agricultural production has many different influencing factors compared to other economic areas. One of the most striking is the extent of the risks to which it is exposed. Irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation, although seeming less susceptible to risk than non-irrigated crops, is also exposed to risks related to agricultural practices. World's largest producer of rice outside Asia, Brazil has the state of Rio Grande do Sul as its main producer, reaching 65% of the total amount. The aim of this study was to analyze how rice farmers in Rio Grande do Sul realize the risks of their activity and what measures they take to manage such risks. Methodology involved the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire with rice farmers, according to a non-probabilistic sample. The results indicated that rice farmers attach greater relevance to economic and social risks in their current perception, rather than to production related ones. Comparing rice growers’ current perception with that of five years ago, an increase on the relevance of market and institutional risks was observed. Thus, one realizes the importance of business management by rice farmers in Rio Grande do Sul, in order to organize their activity to take place in an integrated manner with others links of the rice production chain. The lowest relevance ascribed to production-related risks in the current perception may indicate that production techniques have already been consolidated. Regarding measures for risk management, information seeking is adopted for most rice farmers and was considered relevant; however, there is evidence that the applicability of this information can still be improved. Rice growers realize the importance and the need to reduce costs without, however, formalizing a way of doing it. Costs reduction may be an option to mitigate market risks, identified as the most relevant by the rice growers. Rice growers´ perception on the risk sources inherent to their activity and on measures to mitigate them may represent the foundation for formulating risk management strategies.
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Bortolini, Vera Maria de Souza. "Caracterização nutricional de misturasà base de arroz parboilizado, soja e uva e seus efeitos em parâmetros biológicos de ratos Wistarem crescimento." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2014. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3091.
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O Brasil é considerado um dos países que mais produz resíduos agroindustriais, devido à intensa atividade agrícola. Como exemplo deste fato destaca-se a quirera de arroz,o bagaço de uva ea farinha de soja que podem ser aproveitados como ingredientes na elaboração de novos produtos para a alimentação humana. Objetivou-se com esteestudo, caracterizar nutricionalmente misturas à base de arroz parboilizado, farinha de soja desengordurada e bagaço de uva e seus efeitos nos parâmetros biológicos de ratos Wistar após desmame, visando alternativas para uma alimentação saudável na fase de crescimento. O trabalho foi estruturado em dois experimentos, onde no Experimento I foram comparados, parâmetros nutricionais e microbiológicos, compostos fenólicos,antocianinas e atividade antioxidante em arroz parboilizado, farinha de soja desengordurada e bagaço de uva. No Experimento II foram avaliadas as respostas biológicas de ratos machos Wistarem crescimento,alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes proporções de arroz parboilizado, farinha de soja e bagaço de uva. Os resultados permitem concluir que a maior concentração de soja no suplemento, causa ganho de peso, aumento no colesterol, na glicose e na gordura epididimal, entretanto promove o crescimento.O aumento da concentração de arroz e bagaço de uva no suplemento, provoca aumento na área do fêmur, diminui os níveis de triglicerídeos e não altera os níveis de colesterol e gordura epididimal.A suplementação com arroz, soja e bagaço de uva, não provoca alteração na função hepática, sendo possível a sua utilização na alimentação no período de crescimento.
Brazil is considered one of the countries that more agro-industrial waste produced, due to the intense agricultural activity. As an example of this fact is the Grits of grape bagasse, rice and soy flour that can be used as ingredients in the preparation of new products for human consumption. The objective of this study, to characterize nutritionally mixtures with a basis of parboiled rice, defatted soy flour and grape Marc and their effects on biological parameters of Wistar rats after weaning, seeking alternatives for a healthy nutrition in growth phase. The work was structured in two experiments, where in experiment I were compared, nutritional and microbiological parameters, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity in parboiled rice, soy flour, defatted and grape marc. In experiment II were evaluated the biological responses of male Wistar rats in growth, fed with diets containing different proportions of parboiled rice, soy flour and grape marc. The results allow to conclude that the greatest concentration of soybean in the supplement, cause weight gain, increase in cholesterol, glucose and epididymal fat, however promotes growth. The increase in concentration of rice and grape Marc in the supplement, causes an increase in the area of the femur, decreases triglyceride levels and does not alter the levels of cholesterol and epididymal fat. Supplementation with rice, soya and grape residue, does not cause change in liver function and its use in feed on growth period.
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Beck, Anderson de Medeiros. "O PROCESSO DE MUDANÇA NA DEMELFOR S.A: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR ORIZICOLA URUGUAIO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8057.
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This study deals with the change process in an interprise of the rice growing sector, whose headquarter is located at the Artigas Department, Uruguay, in the period 1990-2007. It is a qualitative study case, based on pre-structured interviews with six directors, allowing us to describe and analyse the main strategic changes and structures undergone by the company under the view of eight key-questionings: dominant coalition formation, establishment of a view of the future, communication in the organization, formation of a team to implement the change, mobilization promotion and members participation, planning and strategies specification, capacitation and human resources development and finally definition of performance indicators. Other studies focusing on human resources and their role in conducting the change process, and also studies on operational and tactic strategic indicators, developing the instrument to measure
the performance, and a study of the organizational change departing from the utilization of the performance indicators.Este estudo trata do processo de mudança em uma empresa do setor orizícola, com sede no Departamento de Artigas, Uruguai, no período compreendido entre 1990 e 2007. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, baseado em entrevista pré-estruturada com os seis principais dirigentes, permitindo descrever e analisar as principais mudanças estratégicas e estruturais sofridas pela empresa sob a ótica de oito questionamentos-chave: formação da coalizão dominante, estabelecimento da visão de futuro, comunicação na organização, formação da equipe de implementação da mudança, promoção da mobilização e participação dos colaboradores, planejamento e especificação das estratégias, capacitação e desenvolvimento dos recursos humanos e definição dos indicadores de desempenho. Recomendam-se outros estudos sob o enfoque dos recursos humanos e seu papel na condução de processo de mudança, além de estudos sobre indicadores estratégicos, desdobrando-os em operacionais e táticos, desenvolvendo o instrumento completo de medição de desempenho, bem como estudos sobre a verificação da mudança organizacional a partir da utilização de indicadores de desempenho.
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Salbego, Adriana Gindri. "SIMULAÇÃO DE CENÁRIOS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE HÍDRICA DA ORIZICULTURA NA SUB-BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO ARROIO GRANDE ATRAVÉS DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE BARRAGENS TEMPORÁRIAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3585.
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Water shortages in certain periods have led to serious social conflicts, as well as economic and environmental impacts resulting from irrigated agriculture, especially of rice growing, which represents a high demand of water. The present study proposes a methodology for analyzing the water sustainability of rice growing through the implementation the temporary dams at the river-bed of water courses, with the study area the watershed of Arroio Grande, which has a growing need to match the conditions of supply and demand. The analysis of water supply and
demand conditions was made in the context of the watershed and by control point, three scenarios are composed: scenarios 1 - the existing situation; scenario 2: considers compliance to environmental legislation, with elimination of rice growing areas in areas of permanent preservation and destination of the portion of
environmental flow (30%Q90) an; scenario 3: considers compliance to environmental legislation and implementation the temporary dam at the river-beds of water courses
upstream of where the shortage was indicated, as a way to expand and ensure water supply for rice growing. The results show that the in the scenario 1 the demand is
met, although for control points 5 and 6 it is equivalent to 89% to 97% of its availability, besides not meet environmental legislation. For the scenario 2, control
points 5 and 6 indicate water scarcity for the months analyzed (November February), indicating the places where water supply should be expanded. In scenario
3, it is concluded that the temporary dams proposed have the may partially meet the water requirements and PC 5, PC 6, the results indicate no compliance between supply and demand. Therefore, concluded that the conflicts over water use in the watershed of the Arroio Grande resulting from irrigated agriculture can be minimized with the installation of temporary dams. However, the results indicate that the water sustainability of rice growing can only be achieved by reducing the irrigated area,
specifically between the PC 3-5 and 4-6.A escassez de água em determinados períodos vem provocando sérios conflitos sociais, econômicos e ambientais, decorrentes da agricultura irrigada, especialmente da cultura orizícola, que apresenta alta demanda hídrica. Desta forma, o presente estudo propõe uma metodologia para analisar a sustentabilidade hídrica da cultura orizícola através da implantação de barragens temporárias no álveo de cursos d água, tendo como área de estudo a sub-bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Grande, que apresenta uma crescente necessidade de compatibilizar as condições de oferta e demanda. A análise das condições de oferta e demanda hídrica foi realizada no contexto da sub-bacia e por ponto de controle (PC), sendo compostos três cenários: cenário 1 - situação existente; cenário 2: considera o atendimento a legislação ambiental, com a eliminação de áreas de cultivo orizícola em Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) e destinação da parcela de vazão ambiental (30%Q90) e; cenário 3: considera o atendimento a legislação ambiental e propõe a implantação de barragens temporárias no álveo de cursos d água, a montante dos locais que indica escassez, como forma de ampliar o suprimento hídrico da cultura orizícola. Os resultados mostraram que no cenário 1 a demanda é atendida, embora para os pontos de controle 5 e 6, equivale de 89% a 97% da disponibilidade hídrica, além de não atender a legislação ambiental. Para o cenário 2, os pontos de controle 5 e 6 apontam escassez hídrica para os meses analisados (novembro a fevereiro), indicando assim os locais em que a oferta hídrica deverá ser ampliada. No cenário 3, conclui-se que as barragens temporárias propostas poderão atender parcialmente a demanda hídrica do PC 5 e, no PC 6, os resultados indicam não haver conformidade entre oferta e demanda. Desta forma, conclui-se que os conflitos pelo uso da água na sub-bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Grande decorrentes da agricultura irrigada poderão ser minimizados com a implantação das barragens temporárias. Entretanto, os resultados indicam que a sustentabilidade hídrica da cultura orizícola somente poderá ser alcançada com a redução da área irrigada, especificamente, entre os PC 3 - 5 e, 4 - 6.
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Jaeck, Mélanie. "Emergence d'une complémentarité stratégique entre agriculture et biodiversité dans les territoires à haute valeur environnementale. L'exemple de la Camargue." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0013.
Abstract:
Dans cette thèse nous nous interrogeons sur l'émergence d'une complémentarité stratégique entre l'agriculture et la biodiversité dans les territoires à haute valeur environnementale. Nous étudions l'exemple de la Camargue, zone humide d'intérêt international, où l'enjeu est de concilier agriculture et protection de l'environnement. Nous réalisons d'abord une analyse du contexte camarguais, en insistant sur les rapports ambivalents entre agriculture et biodiversité . Dans la mesure où la réforme future de la PAC va venir remettre en question les conditions d'octroi de ces aides, autant que leur volume global, le développement de la riziculture camarguaise passe à terme par son association à une image de terre sauvage et naturelle. Cette complémentarité stratégique de fait peut permettre de concevoir les futures politiques publiques et de justifier le maintien des aides à la riziculture camarguaise, par sa contribution à la gestion durable de la biodiversité. Nous examinons ensuite les conditions économiques d'émergence d'une riziculture biologique, dans ce contexte particulier. Les conditions de marché, et plus précisément la présence d'une concurrence imparfaite, caractérisés par la concentration de la fourniture d'intrants (herbicides et semences) en un petit nombre de fournisseurs. Leurs stratégies d'adaptation au développement des pratiques d'agriculture biologique sont contraintes par les conditions de marché et limitées aux quantités offertes. Nous étudions à quelles conditions un équilibre stratégique existe, et excluons des équilibres extrêmes (riz biologique dominant / exclu). Nos résultats placent les stratégies d'offre variétale au c?ur de ces interactions stratégiques, c'est pourquoi nous prolongeons cette approche stratégique par l'étude des déterminants économiques de la diversité variétale dans les exploitations rizicoles camarguaises. Celle-ci confirme la place accordée aux stratégies de niche, et met en avant le rôle des opportunités de marché et des réseaux dans les choix de porte-feuille de cultivars par les agriculteurs, au-delà des contraintes structurelles de l'exploitation. Enfin, une enquête de type "choice experiments" fait apparaître l'influence des normes collectives dans les préférences des riziculteurs camarguais pour les technologies de production dont ils disposent. Les résultats de cette étude empirique montrent qu'une grande majorité des producteurs pourrait adopter des technologies sans intrants chimiques, à condition d'être accompagnés de compensations financières équivalentes à celles accordées actuellement sans condition dans le cadre de la PAC. Au-delà du cas d'étude, la thèse fournit donc des enseignements utiles pour la conception de politiques publiques capables de concilier efficacité économique et développement durable. Elle est aussi une contribution à la réflexion sur la gestion intégrée multi-acteurs de l'agriculture et de la biodiversité à l'échelle d'un territoire à haute valeur environnementaleIn this research, we assessed the emergence of a strategic complementarity between farming and biodiversity, in a landscape with a high environmental value. We rely on the Rhone river delta, wetland of international interest, and well known biodiversity's hotspot. We examine the conditions of emergence of the organic agriculture in this particular context. The market conditions, more precisely the presence of imperfect competition for input (seeds and herbicides) are putting several constraints on adaptation's strategies accessibles to firms. As a consequence, the main way to adapt is the control of input supply. We study at which conditions an interior equilibrium does exist. The study of economic factors of rice' cultivar's diversity in farms in the Camargue area confirm the role played by niche strategies, and highlight the importance of market opportunities and commercial networks in the cultivar's portfolio choices made by farmers. They are naturally playing in interaction with factors governing the costs and benefits of managing a greater cultivar's diversity. Finally, the choice experiments survey put emphasis on the influence of collective norms in farmers' preferences for production technologies. The results show that a large majority of rice producers are adopt agro-ecological technologies at a price of monetary incentives equivalent to those obtained currently from the CAP, without conditions. Thus, the future of agricultural development in the Camargue area should be associated with environmental preservation. This de facto strategic complementarity could enables stakeholders and public authorities to design future public policies and give a conditional support to a sustainable agriculture
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Britto, Fábio Brandão. "Monitoramento e modelagem da qualidade da água e agrotóxicos em corpos hídricos no Baixo São Francisco sergipano." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4043.
Abstract:
The importance of monitoring studies in areas with man-made actions is related to the diagnosis of environmental impacts in water source regions, in the search of factors that show, in a simple way, the causes for degradation of multiple uses areas. In Sergipe, the presence of several Irrigated Perimeters in the riverbanks justifies the search of these changes. To this end, it was defined the study in the area of floodplains in Betume and in California’s nonirrigated area. It was performed 34 monitoring campagins from March 2013 to December 2014. It was analysed the physical-chemical parameters and turbidity rates, chlorophyll, DO, DBO and thermotolerant coliforms, both during the dry and wet periods, way more than the limits established by CONAMA/2005’s resolution, class 2. Besides the aforementioned water sources, others were attached to the study, among them: Jacaré River, Santo Antônio River, Pilões River, Papagaio River, Capivara River and Jacaré-Curituba Dam. The Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed a tendency of 54% compromising the quality of water of the Rivers mentioned before, due to the domestic effluent. On the other hand, the Trophic State Index (TSI), the compromising reached 82% of the water quality, through eutrophication of water sources. Besides, through multivariate analysis grouping type, it was demonstrated the relationship between the association of physical-chemical parameters. This association happened to Betume River with Santo Antônio River, Pilões River and São Francisco River. Similarly, during dry weather, Onça Creek with Betume's drainage; and Santo Antônio River with Pilões River, and all of them presented proximity. It can also be highlighted that the application of Factor Analysis to the variable group in the selection of three indicative aspects of water quality of the studied rivers. The Varimax rotation of factors showed that the variables of water quality are mainly related to mineral, nutritional, organic matter and degree of pollution content. Another factor was noticed regarding the handling of cultures in the irrigated perimeters which was the use of pesticides in order to control plagues, and to analyse this aspect, it was collected bimestral water, in 12 campaigns. The results detected active principles used in agricultural practices in the irrigated region, among them: chlorpyrifos, atrazine, ivermectin, cyproconazole, tetraconozole and tebuconazole. The rates presented were below the acceptable, when compared to patterns of acceptable daily ingestion (ADI) of ANVISA and EPA. However, according to European Community, the concentrations of tebuconazole and chlorpyrifos were elevated. Based on these results, it was used the SWAT model, an appropriate tool for modelling, which enables generating Scenarios to the use of these pesticides in rice-growing areas. The results demonstrated low mobility in water and the application of constant pesticide in order to fight rice blast showed a high potential of the transported Terbuconazone, when dissolved in water. The presence of chlorpyrifos occurred during rice inter-harvest, in low concentration, when compared to water movements, due to the mobility in water, and low soil retention. Thus, it was evidenced that the man-made actions referring to changes to the use of soil in hydrographical basins promote changes both in production and quality of water as well as the presence of pesticides in sediment and superficial water. These interferences in the habitat should promote public policies that manage systems of water quality monitoring applied to these regions, thus, preserving and protecting the water supply of possible contaminations of environment and inhabitants.A importância de estudos de monitoramento em áreas com ações antrópicas, tem colaborado para diagnosticar os impactos ambientais das regiões com mananciais, buscando indicadores que demonstrem de forma simplificada as causas da degradação das áreas de usos múltiplos. Não seria diferente neste estudo, em que Sergipe possui diversos Perímetros Irrigados nas margens dos rios. Para isso, foi definido o estudo na área de várzeas inundáveis no rio Betume e sequeiro no perímetro irrigado Califórnia. Durante o período de março de 2013 a dezembro de 2014 foram realizadas 34 campanhas de monitoramento. Foram analisados os parâmetros físico-químicos e constatado valores de turbidez, clorofila-a, OD, DBO e coliformes termotolerantes, tanto no período seco como chuvoso, fora do limite estabelecido pelo CONAMA/2005, classe 2. Além dos mananciais acima estudados, outros foram anexados ao estudo, entre eles: rio Jacaré, rio Santo Antônio, rio Pilões, rio Papagaio, rio Capivara e Barragem do Jacaré-Curituba. Para Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA), revelou uma tendência de 54% do comprometimento da qualidade da água destes rios, em virtude dos efluentes doméstico. Para o Índice Estado Trófico (IET), o comprometimento atingiu 82% para qualidade da água, através da eutrofização dos mananciais. Além disso, por meio da análise multivariada do tipo agrupamento, pode demonstrar a relação de associação entre os parâmetros físico-químicos. Esta associação ocorreu para o rio Betume com o rio Santo Antônio, rio Pilões e rio São Francisco. Da mesma forma, durante o período seco, ocorreu no riacho da Onça com Drenagem do Betume; no rio Santo Antônio com rio Pilões, em que todos apresentaram proximidades euclidiana. Vale ressaltar também, que a aplicação da Análise Fatorial ao conjunto de variáveis resultou na seleção de três fatores indicadores da qualidade da água dos rios em estudo. A rotação ortogonal Varimax dos fatores mostrou que as variáveis da qualidade da água estão relacionadas principalmente com o conteúdo mineral, nutricional, matéria orgânica e grau de poluição. Ainda sobre o manejo destas culturas nos perímetros irrigados, outro fato constatado foi o uso de agrotóxicos para controle de pragas, sendo assim, foram feitas coletas bimestrais de água, totalizando 12 campanhas. Os resultados detectaram princípios ativos utilizados nas práticas agrícolas da região dos perímetros irrigados, são eles: clorpirifós, atrazina, ivernectina, ciproconazole, tetraconozole e tebuconazole. Apresentaram valores abaixo, quando comparados com os padrões de ingestão diária aceitável (IDA) da ANVISA e EPA. Mas, de acordo com normas da Comunidade Europeia, as concentrações de tebuconazole e clorpirifós foram elevadas. Baseado nestes resultados, utilizou-se o modelo SWAT, ferramenta apropriada para modelagem e possibilita gerar Cenários para o uso destes agrotóxicos na rizicultura. Os resultados demonstraram que a baixa mobilidade na água e aplicação constante do agrotóxico no combate ao brusone apresentou um alto potencial do Terbuconazone de ser transportado quando dissolvido em água. Já a presença do Clorpifiros ocorreu na entressafra do arroz, com baixa concentração, quando comparados ao movimento na água, isto se deve a sua alta mobilidade na água e baixa retenção do solo. Portanto fica evidenciado que as ações antrópicas referentes às modificações do uso do solo nas bacias hidrográficas promovem alterações tanto na produção e qualidade da água, quanto na presença de agrotóxicos nos sedimentos e nas águas superficiais. Estas interferências no habitat devem promover políticas públicas que gerencie sistemas de monitoramento da qualidade da água aplicados nestas regiões, e assim preservar e proteger o corpo hídrico de possíveis contaminações do meio ambiente e dos habitantes.
Books on the topic "Rice growing":
1
Vergara, B. S. A farmer's primer on growing rice. Manila: International Rice Research Institute, 1992.
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Arraudeau, M. A. A farmer's primer on growing upland rice. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, 1988.
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A. K. M. Eakubul Islam. Pedogenesis and mineralogy of some typical deep water rice growing soils of Bangladesh. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Soil Science and Ecochemistry, 1987.
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Oonyu, Joseph. Paddy rice growing as an income generating strategy of the local communities in Kachonga Sub-County, Tororo District. Kampala, Uganda: NURRU Publications, 2004.
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International Soil Management Workshop (5th 1988 Wu-feng hsiang, Tʻai-chung hsien, Taiwan). Classification and management of rice growing soils: Proceedings of the Fifth International Soil Management Workshop : held in Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, December 11-23, 1988. Republic of China on Taiwan: Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, 1989.
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Duff-Cooper, Andrew. Shapes and images: Aspects of the aesthetics of Balinese rice-growing, and other studies. [Denpasar]: Udayana University, 1990.
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Koh, Nicholas. My bowl of hei bee hiang rice: A Singaporean growing up in difficult times. Singapore: Victory Knights Management & Consultancy Services, 2003.
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Khumaidi, Muhamad. Household food security pattern of a rice growing community in Sri Tiram Jaya Village, Tanjung Karan, Kuala Selangor, Malaysia: A case study. Bangkok: Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University, 1987.
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Cabanilla, V. L. The effectiveness among farmers of "A Farmer's primer on growing rice" in two Philippine dialects. Manila: International Rice Research Institute, 1987.
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Fong-Torres, Ben. The rice room: Growing up Chinese-American : from number two son to rock 'n' roll. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2011.
Book chapters on the topic "Rice growing":
1
Singh, Balwant, Shefali Mishra, Deepak Singh Bisht, and Rohit Joshi. "Growing Rice with Less Water: Improving Productivity by Decreasing Water Demand." In Rice Improvement, 147–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_5.
Abstract:
AbstractRice is a staple food for more than half of the global population. With the increasing population, the yield of rice must correspondingly increase to fulfill the requirement. Rice is cultivated worldwide in four different types of ecosystems, which are limited by the availability of irrigation water. However, water-limiting conditions negatively affect rice production; therefore, to enhance productivity under changing climatic conditions, improved cultivation practices and drought-tolerant cultivars/varieties are required. There are two basic approaches to cultivation: (1) plant based and (2) soil and irrigation based, which can be targeted for improving rice production. Crop plants primarily follow three mechanisms: drought escape, avoidance, and tolerance. Based on these mechanisms, different strategies are followed, which include cultivar selection based on yield stability under drought. Similarly, soil- and irrigation-based strategies consist of decreasing non-beneficial water depletions and water outflows, aerobic rice development, alternate wetting and drying, saturated soil culture, system of rice intensification, and sprinkler irrigation. Further strategies involve developing drought-tolerant cultivars through marker-assisted selection/pyramiding, genomic selection, QTL mapping, and other breeding and cultivation practices such as early planting to follow escape strategies and decreasing stand density to minimize competition with weeds. Similarly, the identification of drought-responsive genes and their manipulation will provide a technological solution to overcome drought stress. However, it was the Green Revolution that increased crop production. To maintain the balance, there is a need for another revolution to cope with the increasing demand.
2
Murugaiyan, Varunseelan, Frederike Zeibig, Mahender Anumalla, Sameer Ali Siddiq, Michael Frei, Jayaseelan Murugaiyan, and Jauhar Ali. "Arsenic Stress Responses and Accumulation in Rice." In Rice Improvement, 281–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_9.
Abstract:
AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world’s most vital staple grains, and 90% of it is produced and consumed in Asia alone. It plays a significant role in the entry of mineral nutrients into the food chain. Arsenic (As) is a toxic heavy metal that threatens the major rice-growing regions in the world, particularly in Asia. Arsenic is ubiquitously present in moderate concentrations in the environment because of natural geological processes and anthropogenic impacts. However, rapid industrialization and excessive use of arsenic-rich groundwater are further fueling the increased arsenic concentration in agricultural topsoil. Arsenic accumulation in rice plants has a significant adverse effect on plant, human, and livestock health. Although arsenic contamination in rice is well documented, its interaction and accumulation in rice are poorly understood. So far, no candidate genes or QTLs associated with arsenic interaction are used in breeding programs for the development of low-arsenic-accumulating rice varieties. The development and adaptation of new low-arsenic-accumulating rice cultivars resilient to arsenic toxicity constitute safe ways to mitigate arsenic contamination in rice. Recent scientific advances in rice genetics, genomics, and physiology have opened up new opportunities to speed up the process of developing low-arsenic-accumulating rice cultivars for the rapidly growing human population.
3
Estudillo, Jonna P. "Transformation of Rice-Growing Villages in the Philippines." In Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies, 243–55. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_18.
Abstract:
AbstractRice-growing villages that look dormant under the shadow of mango trees have undergone a major transformation in their economies. Such transformation is accompanied by household income growth and poverty reduction. The first objective of this chapter is to describe the drivers of economic transformation in four villages (Kei’s villages) in the Philippines from simple rice-dependent economies to more complex ones characterized by diverse sources of livelihood. The drivers of these economic transformations are population pressure, new rice technology, land reform, investments in human capital, urbanization and commercialization, and infrastructure. The second objective is to explore the strategic processes that accompany such transformation, such as rising productivity of rice farming, production of high-value crops, and rising incidence of nonfarm work within the local economy and migration to local towns, big cities, and overseas, among the younger generation. An important finding is that in the course of transformation, participation in the nonfarm labor market and migration are the main pathways in moving out of poverty for the children of poor landless farmers.
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Siddiq, E. A., and Lakshminarayana R. Vemireddy. "Advances in Genetics and Breeding of Rice: An Overview." In Rice Improvement, 1–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_1.
Abstract:
AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is life for more than half of the human population on Earth. In the history of rice breeding, two major yield breakthroughs or leaps occurred, which phenomenally revolutionized rice breeding: the Green Revolution in the 1960s and hybrid technology in the 1970s. However, the fruits of these technologies have not spread globally to all rice-growing areas, especially African countries, for diverse reasons. It is estimated that at least 50% more rice yield is needed to feed the anticipated nine billion people by 2050. This clearly warrants another breakthrough in rice. It is apparent that the currently used conventional and molecular marker-assisted methods need to be updated with multi-pronged approaches involving innovative cutting-edge technologies for achieving the next breakthrough in rice. Here, we attempt to discuss the exciting avenues for the next advances in rice breeding by exploiting cutting-edge technologies.
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Yamori, Wataru. "Strategies for Engineering Photosynthesis for Enhanced Plant Biomass Production." In Rice Improvement, 31–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_2.
Abstract:
AbstractCrop productivity would have to increase by 60–110% compared with the 2005 level by 2050 to meet both the food and energy demands of the growing population. Although more than 90% of crop biomass is derived from photosynthetic products, photosynthetic improvements have not yet been addressed by breeding. Thus, it has been considered that enhancing photosynthetic capacity is considered a promising approach for increasing crop yield. Now, we need to identify the specific targets that would improve leaf photosynthesis to realize a new Green Revolution. This chapter summarizes the various genetic engineering approaches that can be used to enhance photosynthetic capacity and crop productivity. The targets considered for the possible candidates include Rubisco, Rubisco activase, enzymes of the Calvin–Benson cycle, and CO2 transport, as well as photosynthetic electron transport. Finally, it describes the importance of considering ways to improve photosynthesis not under the stable environmental conditions already examined in many studies with the aim of improving photosynthetic capacity, but under natural conditions in which various environmental factors, and especially irradiation, continually fluctuate.
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Roy, Rajeev. "10. Angkor Rice – 50,000 Cambodian farmers growing for export." In Commercial and Inclusive Value Chains, 97–104. The Schumacher Centre, Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, Warwickshire CV23 9QZ, UK,: Practical Action Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780448671.010.
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Ali, Jauhar, Mahender Anumalla, Varunseelan Murugaiyan, and Zhikang Li. "Green Super Rice (GSR) Traits: Breeding and Genetics for Multiple Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice." In Rice Improvement, 59–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_3.
Abstract:
AbstractThe frequent fluctuations in global climate variability (GCV), decreases in farmland and irrigation water, soil degradation and erosion, and increasing fertilizer costs are the significant factors in declining rice productivity, mainly in Asia and Africa. Under GCV scenarios, it is a challenging task to meet the rice food demand of the growing population. Identifying green traits (tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses, nutrient-use efficiency, and nutritional grain quality) and stacking them in high-yielding elite genetic backgrounds is one promising approach to increase rice productivity. To this end, the Green Super Rice (GSR) breeding strategy helps to pool multi-stress-tolerance traits by stringent selection processes and to develop superior GSR cultivars within a short span of 4–5 years. In the crossing and selection process of GSR breeding, selective introgression lines (SILs) derived from sets of early backcross BC1F2 bulk populations through both target traits and non-target traits were selected. Genotyping of SILs with high-density SNP markers leads to the identification of a large number of SNP markers linked with the target green traits. The identified SILs with superior trait combinations were used for designed QTL pyramiding to combine different target green traits. The GSR breeding strategy also focused on nutrient- and water-use efficiency besides environment-friendly green features primarily to increase grain yield and income returns for resource-poor farmers. In this chapter, we have highlighted the GSR breeding strategy and QTL introgression of green traits in rice. This breeding strategy has successfully dissected many complex traits and also released several multi-stress-tolerant varieties with high grain yield and productivity in the target regions of Asia and Africa.
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Senthilnathan, S. "Climate Change Projections for Major Rice Growing States of India." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 35–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8363-2_3.
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Singh, Raj Kumar, Chandrashekhar Biradar, Ashutosh Sarker, Atul Dogra, and Javed Rizvi. "Mapping Areas for Growing Pulses in Rice Fallows Using Multi-Criteria Spatial Decisions." In Mapping, Monitoring, and Modeling Land and Water Resources, 21–32. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003181293-3.
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Xu, H., Z. C. Cai, Z. J. Jia, and H. Tsuruta. "Effect of land management in winter crop season on CH4 emission during the following flooded and rice-growing period." In Methane Emissions from Major Rice Ecosystems in Asia, 327–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0898-3_27.
Conference papers on the topic "Rice growing":
1
"Organic Rice Growing Potentials in Chiang rai Province." In International Conference on Trends in Economics, Humanities and Management. International Centre of Economics, Humanities and Management, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/icehm.ed0315053.
2
Zaibidi, Nerda Zura, Maznah Mat Kasim, Razamin Ramli, Md Azizul Baten, and Sahubar Ali Nadhar Khan. "Measuring efficiency of rice growing farmers using data envelopment analysis." In INNOVATION AND ANALYTICS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (IACE 2015): Proceedings of the 2nd Innovation and Analytics Conference & Exhibition. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4937049.
3
Soontranon, Narut, Panu Srestasathiern, and Preesan Rakwatin. "Rice growing stage monitoring in small-scale region using ExG vegetation index." In 2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecticon.2014.6839830.
4
Garkusha, S. V., and G. L. Zelensky. "CONTRIBUTION OF RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RICE GROWING IN KAZAKHSTAN." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-142-148.
5
Bragina O.A., O. A. "Identification of sources of blast resistance in rice." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-28.
Abstract:
In recent years, the most dangerous and harmful rice disease - blast disease - has begun to spread in the rice-growing regions of the Krasnodar Territory. Using phytopathological methods, an assessment of the resistance of rice varieties and lines to blast disease was carried out. Against a natural infectious background, rice breeding materials are differentiated by the level of resistance and susceptibility to disease.
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Maprasulle, Siti Afifah. "Mapping Rice Growing Area In Northern Region Of Peninsular Malaysia Using Gis-Rs." In INCoH 2017 - The Second International Conference on Humanities. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.09.5.
7
Madigan, Emma, Yiqing Guo, Mark Pickering, Alex Held, and Xiuping Jia. "Quantitative Monitoring of Complete Rice Growing Seasons Using Sentinel 2 Time Series Images." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8517765.
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Chen, C. R., C. F. Chen, and N. T. Son. "Monitoring rice growing areas in the Lower Mekong subregion from MODIS satellite imagery." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Christopher M. U. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.897984.
9
Yanoria, Mary Jeanie. "DEVELOPMENT OF INTROGRESSION LINES WITH DURABLE BLAST RESISTANCE GENES FOR TEMPERATE RICE GROWING REGIONS." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-364-365.
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Fang, Zhang, Dai Xingwu, and Li Minghua. "The comparative research of rice-growing culture between south China and southern part of Japan." In 2015 Joint International Social Science, Education, Language, Management and Business Conference. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jisem-15.2015.60.
Reports on the topic "Rice growing":
1
Alemu, Dawit, John Thompson, and Abebaw Assaye. Rice Commercialisation, Agrarian Change and Livelihood Trajectories: Transformations on the Fogera Plain of Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.020.
Abstract:
Rice was considered a minor crop in Ethiopia, rarely consumed by many households in Sub-Saharan Africa. In recent decades, however, it has become the most rapidly growing staple food source in the country. This paper presents an historical analysis of rice commercialisation and the observed agrarian changes that have resulted from its introduction and spread in Ethiopia. The paper analyses the role of the state, private actors and development partners in promoting improvements in rice production and value chain upgrading, as well as examines the impacts of small-scale commercialisation on local livelihoods and rural economies.
2
Ramírez, David A., Cecilia Silva-Díaz, Johan Ninanya, Mariella Carbajal, Javier Rinza, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Marcel Gatto, and Jan Kreuze. Potato zero-tillage and mulching is promising in achieving agronomic gain in Asia. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0072.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: The objective of this review is to analyze the effect of zero-tillage and organic mulching (with emphasis on rice-straw) on several Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to productivity, resources-use efficiency, and soil health, as well as, C footprint, and weed control for growing potatoes in rice-based systems in Asia. Can zero-tillage and organic mulching increase agronomic gain in potatoes crop in Asia? Rationale: Potato cultivation under zero-tillage and mulching (PZTM) between rice or rice-other crops projects a sustainable intensification of rice-based systems reducing mechanical soil disturbance with a concomitant increase of soil organic matter. However, collection, analysis, and synthesis of experiences in Asia, where this technology was mainly reported, is missing in the scientific literature. This effort, presented in this review, is crucial as a starting point for establishing if PTZM experiences have improved indicators related to productivity, resource use efficiency and soil health, and C footprint and weed management to achieve Agronomic Gain.
3
Niles, John S., and J. M. Pogodzinski. Steps to Supplement Park-and-Ride Public Transit Access with Ride-and-Ride Shuttles. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1950.
Abstract:
Public transit ridership in California declined in the five years before the pandemic of 2020–21 and dropped significantly further after the pandemic began. A sharp downward step in the level of transit boarding occurred after February 2020, and continues to the date of this report as a result of the public-health guidance on social distancing, expanded work-at-home, and a travel mode shift from public transit to private cars. A critical issue has come to the foreground of public transportation policy, namely, how to increase the quality and geographic reach of transit service to better serve the essential trips of mobility disadvantaged citizens who do not have access to private vehicle travel. The research focus of this report is an examination of the circumstances where fixed route bus route service could cost-effectively be replaced by on-demand microtransit, with equivalent overall zone-level efficiency and a higher quality of complete trip service. Research methods were reviews of documented agency experience, execution of simple simulations, and sketch-level analysis of 2019 performance reported in the National Transit Database. Available evidence is encouraging and suggestive, but not conclusive. The research found that substitutions of flexible microtransit for fixed route buses are already being piloted across the U.S., with promising performance results. The findings imply that action steps could be taken in California to expand and refine an emphasis on general purpose microtransit in corridors and zones with a relatively high fraction of potential travelers who are mobility disadvantaged, and where traditional bus routes are capturing fewer than 15 boardings per vehicle hour. To be sufficiently productive as fixed route replacements, microtransit service technologies in the same or larger zones need to be capable of achieving vehicle boardings of five per hour, a challenge worth addressing with technology applications. Delivery of microtransit service can be undertaken through contracts with a growing set of private sector firms, which are developing processes to merge general purpose customers with those now assigned to ADA-required paratransit and Medi-Cal-supported non-emergency medical transport.
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Fedikow, M. A. F., and C. E. Dunn. The geochemistry of vegetation growing over the deeply buried Chisel North Zn-rich massive sulphide deposit, Snow Lake area. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207589.
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Mdoe, Ntengua, Aida Isinika, Gilead Mlay, Gideon Boniface, Christopher Magomba, John Jeckoniah, and Devotha Mosha. Is Rice and Sunflower Commercialisation in Tanzania Inclusive for Women and Youth? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.016.
Abstract:
Rice is Tanzania’s third most important staple crop after maize and cassava, and produced by more than 1 million households who are mostly small-scale farmers. Meanwhile sunflower is the most important edible oil crop in Tanzania, also grown mostly by small-scale farmers. Over the last two decades, rice and sunflower have increasingly become important sources of income. This can be attributed to efforts by the government, in collaboration with development agencies, to commercialise rice and sunflower production to improve livelihoods and reduce poverty among actors in both value chains. There have also been efforts aimed at ensuring sustainable commercialisation and involvement of women and youth in the commercialisation process. Despite these initiatives, women and youth involvement in the rice and sunflower commercialisation process is likely to be constrained by their limited access to land and financial capital. Looking at government policy to promote commercial rice and sunflower production for poverty reduction, this brief examines the extent to which households headed by women and youth have been able to participate in the commercialisation process of the two value chains.
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Haas, Josephine, Ute Sass Klaassen, Linar Akhmetzyanov, and Jan den Ouden. Does input of rich litter facilitate tree growth? : growth and climate growth response of oak (Quercus robur) growing in the neighborhood of black cherry (Prunus serotina). Wageningen: Wageningen University and Research Forest Ecology and Management group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/533278.
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Kelbesa, Megersa. Digital Service Taxes and Their Application. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.135.
Abstract:
Many developing economies have seen a rise in e-commerce activity within their borders, and a decline in income from traditional industries as a result of COVID-19, meaning the digital economy offers a potentially unexploited source of tax revenue. . As a result, more developing countries may soon begin adopting some sort of digital tax. The economic activities which may be subject to the Digital Services Tax (DST) may vary from country to country. It will, therefore, be necessary for businesses operating in multiple jurisdictions across developing countries to keep up with the changes in digital taxes. Before implementing a DST scheme, developing countries are advised to perform an in-depth cost-benefit analysis and due considerations. Some developing (and several developed) countries have already unilaterally implemented a “provisional” DST system. Other developing countries are on the process of implementing DST or have simply announced that they will implement a DST soon. Although most of the countries so far actively working on DST (are rich countries, a growing list of developing countries are joining the process. Some examples include the following: Malaysia, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Argentina and, Chile. It is important to mention that the literature on DST is very limited – although growing, and the evidence base around the economic impacts is particularly scarce. This is partly due to the quite recent nature of DST implementation. The evidence is even scarcer for developing countries – Due to these limitations, this rapid evidence review looks at different types of available literature – including reports and blogs issued by international financial institutions and development agencies. The rest of the report will give an overview of key proposed approaches to tax the digital economy, provide a very brief account of the economic impact of DST, provide a brief mapping of the implementation of digital service taxes in developing countries, provide a brief description of each DST system and about the economic impact of the DST, finally a brief account or attributes of a “good” DST system.
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Yilmaz, Ihsan, and Nicholas Morieson. Civilizational Populism Around the World. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0012.
Abstract:
This article addresses an issue of growing political importance: the global rise of civilizational populism. From Western Europe to India and Pakistan, and from Indonesia to the Americas, populists are increasingly linking national belonging with civilizational identity—and at times to the belief that the world is divided into religion-based civilizations, some of which are doomed to clash with one another. As part of this process, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity have all been commandeered by populist parties and movements, each adept at using the power of religion—in different ways and drawing on different aspects of religion—to define the boundary of concepts such as people, nation, and civilization.
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Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O., Ahmed Salim Nuhu, Titus Awokuse, Thomas Jayne, Milu Muyanga, Adebayo Aromolaran, and Adesoji Adelaja. Spillover Effects of Medium-Scale Farms on Smallholder Behaviour and Welfare: Evidence from Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.009.
Abstract:
Many countries across Africa are seeing an increasing share of farmland being classified as medium-scale farms (MSFs). MSFs are defined as farms operating between 5–100ha. MSFs co-exist with small-scale farms (SSFs, defined as farms below 5ha), who still constitute the majority of households in rural areas of Africa. While there is growing literature documenting the drivers of the rise of MSFs and their characteristics empirical evidence on how this rise in MSFs impacts neighbouring SSFs is still thin. This study addresses these observed gaps in the literature. We developed a theoretical model to explain some mechanisms through which spillovers on SSFs can be generated from the existence of MSFs around them. We empirically tested for evidence of these spillovers with data from Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy and most populous nation. By exploring the spillover effects of MSFs on a broader set of SSF outcomes, including input use, productivity, commercialisation and welfare (captured via several measures of household income and poverty status), this paper provides a more comprehensive view of spillover effects.
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Or, Etti, Tai-Ping Sun, Amnon Lichter, and Avichai Perl. Characterization and Manipulation of the Primary Components in Gibberellin Signaling in the Grape Berry. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592649.bard.
Abstract:
Seedless cultivars dominate the table grape industry. In these cultivars it is mandatory to apply gibberellin (GA) to stimulate berry development to a commercially acceptable size. These cultivars differ in their sensitivity to GA application, and it frequently results in adverse effects such as decreased bud fertility and increased fruit drop. Our long term goals are to (1) understand the molecular basis for the differential sensitivity and identify markers for selection of sensitive cultivars (2) to develop new strategies for targeted manipulation of the grape berry response to GA that will eliminate the need in GA application and the undesirable effects of GA on the vine, while maintaining its desirable effects on the berry. Both strategies are expected to reduce production cost and meet growing consumer demand for reduced use of chemicals. This approach relies on a comprehensive characterization of the central components in the GA signaling cascade in the berry. Several key components in the GA signaling pathway were identified in Arabidopsis and rice, including the GA receptors, GID1s, and a family of DELLA proteins that are the major negative regulators of the GA response. GA activates its response pathway by binding to GID1s, which then target DELLAs for degradation via interaction with SLY, a DELLA specific F-box protein. In grape, only one DELLA gene was characterized prior to this study, which plays a major role in inhibiting GA-promoted stem growth and GA-repressed floral induction but it does not regulate fruit growth. Therefore, we speculated that other DELLA family member(s) may control GA responses in berry, and their identification and manipulation may result in GA-independent berry growth. In the current study we isolated two additional VvDELLA family members, two VvGID1 genes and two VvSLY genes. Arabidopsis anti-AtRGA polyclonal antibodies recognized all three purified VvDELLA proteins, but its interaction with VvDELLA3 was weaker. Overexpression of the VvDELLAs, the VvGID1s, and the VvSLYs in the Arabidopsis mutants ga1-3/rga-24, gid1a-2/1c-2 and sly1-10, respectively, rescued the various mutant phenotypes. In vitro GAdependent physical interaction was shown between the VvDELLAs and the VvGID1s, and GAindependent interaction was shown between the VvDELLAs and VvSLYs. Interestingly, VvDELLA3 did not interact with VvGID1b. Together, the results indicate that the identified grape homologs serve as functional DELLA repressors, receptors and DELLA-interacting F-box proteins. Expression analyses revealed that (1) VvDELLA2 was expressed in all the analyzed tissues and was the most abundant (2) VvDELLA1 was low expressed in berries, confirming former study (3) Except in carpels and very young berries, VvDELLA3 levels were the lowest in most tissues. (4) Expression of both VvGID1s was detected in all the grape tissues, but VvGID1b transcript levels were significantly higher than VvGID1a. (5) In general, both VvDELLAs and VvGID1s transcripts levels increased as tissues aged. Unfertilized and recently fertilized carpels did not follow this trend, suggesting different regulatory mechanism of GA signaling in these stages. Characterization of the response to GA of various organs in three seedless cultivars revealed differential response of the berries and rachis. Interestingly, VvDELLA3 transcript levels in the GA-unresponsive berries of cv. Spring blush were significantly higher compared to their levels in the highly responsive berries of cv. Black finger. Assuming that VvDELLA2 and VvDELLA3 are regulating berry size, constructs carrying potential dominant mutations in each gene were created. Furthermore, constitutive silencing of these genes by mIR is underway, to reveal the effect of each gene on the berry phenotype.