Journal articles on the topic 'Rice Diet'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Rice Diet.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Rice Diet.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wiwanitkit, Viroj. "Rice and Spicy Diet." Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 16, no. 3 (July 31, 2010): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.5056/jnm.2010.16.3.340.
Full text
2
Marsono, Yustinus, Richard J. Illman, Julie M. Clarke, Rodney P. Trimble, and David L. Topping. "Plasma lipids and large bowel volatile fatty acids in pigs fed on white rice, brown rice and rice bran." British Journal of Nutrition 70, no. 2 (September 1993): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930144.
Full textAbstract:
Adult male pigs were fed on a diet containing (% of energy) fat 25 starch 55 from white rice and providing 20 g fibre/pig per d (diet WR). In two other groups rice bran was added to the diet to provide 43 g fibre/d. One group received the diet unmodified (diet RB), but in another (diet RO) heat-stabilized unrefined rice oil replaced the palm oil. In a further group brown rice replaced white rice and provided 37 g fibre/pig per d (diet BR). Plasma cholesterol concentrations were similar with diets WR, RB and BR. With diet RO the concentration was significantly lower than with diets WR and BR but was not different from diet RB. Plasma high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol and plasma triacylglycerols were unaffected by diet. In all groups, digesta mass rose from the caecum to the proximal colon but fell in the distal colon. Diet WR gave the lowest digesta mass while diet BR gave a significantly higher mass along the large bowel length. RB- and RO-fed pigs had equal masses of digesta which were intermediate between BR- and WR-fed pigs at all sampling sites. Pools of individual and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the proximal large bowel were unaffected by diet. Pools of total and individual VFA in the median and distal colon were lowest with diets WR and RB and significantly higher with diet BR. In these regions of the colon pools of acetate in RO-fed pigs did not differ from those in the BR-fed group but were higher than in other groups. However, pools of propionate and butyrate with the RO diet were significantly lower than with diet BR and the same as with diets WR and RB. Portal venous VFA concentrations were unaffected by diet. The higher large bowel digesta masses and VFA with diet BR may reflect the escape of starch from the smallintestine.
3
LEE, Jae-Sung, Nese SREENIVASULU, Ruaraidh Sackville HAMILTON, and Ajay KOHLI. "Brown Rice, a Diet Rich in Health Promoting Properties." Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 65, Supplement (October 11, 2019): S26—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.65.s26.
Full text
4
Weissbort, Daniel. "Venice and the Rice Diet." Iowa Review 31, no. 3 (December 2001): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.5444.
Full text
5
Kusnandar, Feri, Trina Kharisma, Nancy Dewi Yuliana, Safrida Safrida, and Slamet Budijanto. "Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Analogue Rice with the Addition of Rice Bran." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 10, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.10.1.13.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effect of analogue rice added with rice bran from three different rice varieties (white, red and black). The Sprague Dawley rats were fed ad libitum with six different chow formulas, i.e. standard diet equal to AIN-93G (C-), high-cholesterol diet (C+), high cholesterol diet plus analogue rice containing 15% coconut dregs flour (AR1), high cholesterol diet plus 10% rice bran from Ciherang white rice (AR2), Cere red rice (AR3), and Campoireng black rice (AR4). The diet intervention was conducted for 28 days. The total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) of rat plasma as well as total fat of rat liver were analyzed. The results showed that rats fed with AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR4 exhibited significant decreases of TC, LDL-C, AI and liver fat, but increased of HDL-C in comparison to those of a high-cholesterol group (C+). This hypocholesterolemic effect is associated with the significant role of dietary fiber and/or -oryzanol. Among groups with diet containing rice bran, AR2 demonstrated the highest hypocholesterolemic effect followed by AR4 and AR3. The AR1 group also gave a significant hypochlolesterolemic effect (p<0.05) due to the role of the dietary fiber. As a conclusion, this study indicates that analogue rice added with rice bran and/or coconut dregs flour is a potential functional diet that is beneficial to lower the CHD risk.
6
Felipoff, Ana Lia, Angela Zuleta, Maria Elena Sambucetti, and Maria Esther Rio. "Not any type of rice performs equally to improve lactose-induced diarrhea characteristics in rats: is amylose an antidiarrheal factor?" Food Science and Technology 32, no. 2 (May 29, 2012): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612012005000057.
Full textAbstract:
The effectiveness of different types of rice in relation to their ability to accelerate diarrhea recovering was evaluated in a rat model of osmotic diarrhea (OD). Animals (90-100 g) received protein free diet until reaching up to 20% weight loss, followed by lactose rich diet (LRD) to induce osmotic diarrhea. Rats presenting osmotic diarrhea were divided into 4 groups, which received lactose rich diet for 4 days from 8 am to 8 pm, and one of three experimental products containing 6% rice flour differing in amylose content during the night: high (HA), intermediate (IA), and low (LA). A group fed stock diet containing equivalent amount of lactose was taken as control and allowed to recover spontaneously. Amylose and viscosity (cp at 25 °C, 10 rpm) of final products were determined. Effectiveness was expressed as the ratio between percentages of normal vs. diarrheic stools during the treatment. Fecal characteristics in this rat model improved only as result of feeding high amylose content (HA) type of rice. In this experimental model of osmotic diarrhea in young rats, the antidiarrheal effects of rice were strongly dependent on the type of diet used and appear to be related to its amylose content.
7
Hamzat, R. A., A. J. Omole, B. B. Babatunde, M. O. Adejumo, and O. G. Longe. "Comparative value of kola testa, corn-bran and rice- bran with maize for mature african giant land snail (Archachatina marginata)." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 34, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v34i2.1203.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to compare the effect of kola testa, which is rich in fibre with maize the conventional energy source and other sources of fibre such as corn bran and rice bran. A total of two hundred and forty African giant land snails (Archachatina marginata) with an average live weight of 177.69 ± 10.87g were assigned to four dietary treatments: a maize-based diet (Diet 1) served as control, in a completely randomized design. The other diets were kola testa - based (Diet 2), corn bran-based (Diet 3) and rice bran-based (Diet 4) diets. The percentage of each test ingredient and that of maize was 31.30g/100g Each treatment consisted of sixty growing snails, which were subdivided into 3 replicates of 20 snails each. The snails received the diets over a period of 20 weeks. Weight gain was significantly higher (P<0.05) for the kola testa-based diet in comparison with the corn and rice bran-based diets. Depression of magnesium and iron in the shell, flesh and fluid of snails fed corn and rice bran diets was observed. The trial revealed that kola testa-based diet compared favorably well with the corn and rice bran-based diets.
8
Huang, Pei-Xin, Chiu-Li Yeh, Suh-Ching Yang, Hitoshi Shirakawa, Chao-Lin Chang, Li-Hsin Chen, Yen-Shuo Chiu, and Wan-Chun Chiu. "Rice Bran Supplementation Ameliorates Gut Dysbiosis and Muscle Atrophy in Ovariectomized Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet." Nutrients 15, no. 16 (August 9, 2023): 3514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15163514.
Full textAbstract:
Rice bran, a byproduct of rice milling, is rich in fiber and phytochemicals and confers several health benefits. However, its effects on gut microbiota and obesity-related muscle atrophy in postmenopausal status remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of rice bran on gut microbiota, muscle synthesis, and breakdown pathways in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) mice receiving a high-fat diet (HFD). ICR female mice were divided into five groups: sham, OVX mice receiving control diet (OC); OVX mice receiving HFD (OH); OVX mice receiving control diet and rice bran (OR); and OVX mice receiving HFD and rice bran (OHR). After twelve weeks, relative muscle mass and grip strength were high in rice bran diet groups. IL-6, TNF-α, MuRf-1, and atrogin-1 expression levels were lower, and Myog and GLUT4 were higher in the OHR group. Rice bran upregulated the expression of occludin and ZO-1 (gut tight junction proteins). The abundance of Akkermansiaceae in the cecum was relatively high in the OHR group. Our finding revealed that rice bran supplementation ameliorated gut barrier dysfunction and gut dysbiosis and also maintained muscle mass by downregulating the expression of MuRf-1 and atrogin-1 (muscle atrophy-related factors) in HFD-fed OVX mice.
9
Gonlachanvit, Sutep. "Rice and Spicy Diet: Author's Reply." Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 16, no. 3 (July 31, 2010): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.5056/jnm.2010.16.3.341.
Full text
10
Zhang, Hong, Pei Cao, Luis B. Agellon, and Cheng-Kai Zhai. "Wild rice (Zizania latifolia(Griseb) Turcz) improves the serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of rats fed with a high fat/cholesterol diet." British Journal of Nutrition 102, no. 12 (July 27, 2009): 1723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509991036.
Full textAbstract:
The diet consumed by urban residents in modern China has become rich in saturated fats and cholesterol. In addition, the diet is high in carbohydrates from white rice and processed wheat starch. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of replacing white rice and processed wheat starch with wild rice (WR) as the chief source of dietary carbohydrates. Rats fed with the diet patterned after the diet consumed by city residents of modern China showed elevated serum lipid levels comparable with rats consuming a high fat/cholesterol diet known to induce hyperlipidaemia in this species. Meanwhile, rats consuming the city diet with WR as the carbohydrate source suppressed the increase in serum TAG and total cholesterol, and the decrease in HDL cholesterol level. In addition, the rats fed the WR diet suppressed the build-up of oxidative stress by improving antioxidant capacity, increasing superoxide dismutase activity and reducing malondialdehyde concentration, both in the serum and liver. These findings illustrate that WR is effective in suppressing hyperlipidaemia and oxidative stress in rats even when the diet consumed is high in fat and cholesterol.
11
Hopwood, Deborah E., David W. Pethick, John R. Pluske, and David J. Hampson. "Addition of pearl barley to a rice-based diet for newly weaned piglets increases the viscosity of the intestinal contents, reduces starch digestibility and exacerbates post-weaning colibacillosis." British Journal of Nutrition 92, no. 3 (September 2004): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041206.
Full textAbstract:
The purposes of the present study were to investigate the effects of feeding a cereal grain containing NSP on body growth and the intestinal microenvironment of recently weaned pigs, and to examine resultant associations with pathogenicEscherichia coliin the intestinal tract. In Expt 1, pearl barley, a grain rich in soluble NSP, was incorporated (250, 500 or 750 g/kg diet) into a low-fibre control diet based on cooked white rice and fed for 7–10 d following weaning. Consumption of pearl barley did not significantly alter piglet live-weight gain compared with the control cooked rice diet, but it accelerated large intestinal growth and fermentation, decreased ileal starch digestibility and increased intestinal viscosity. Expt 2 was conducted to determine whether these differences would favour proliferation of enterotoxigenicE. coli, the bacterium causing post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC). Three groups of pigs were weaned onto diets based on cooked white rice, rice with 500 g pearl barley/kg, or rice with 500 g pearl barley/kg supplemented with exogenous enzymes (Porzyme(tm) 8100; Danisco, Marlborough, Wilts., UK). Pigs were inoculated orally with haemolyticE. coliserovar O8;K87;K88 after weaning. Animals eating the pearl barley had increased viscosity of the intestinal contents, greater intestinal colonisation with theE. colistrain and more diarrhoea than pigs fed the rice-only diet. The enzymes did not reduce viscosity or protect from PWC. The results suggest that pearl barley alters the intestinal microenvironment and predisposes to PWC, whilst a low-viscosity, highly digestible diet based on cooked white rice is protective.
12
Koga, Minori, Atsuhito Toyomaki, Yoshinobu Kiso, and Ichiro Kusumi. "Impact of a Rice-Centered Diet on the Quality of Sleep in Association with Reduced Oxidative Stress: A Randomized, Open, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102926.
Full textAbstract:
Previously, we found that a Japanese diet was associated with psychological status, and a combination of rice and miso was related to mental and physical health. We hypothesized that the intake of a rice-based diet affected mental and physical health and aimed to investigate the consequences of a dietary intervention with rice. We conducted a randomized, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial that included 60 participants, who were randomly assigned to receive either rice-based meals or meals with other cereals for three daily meals over 2 months. The participants were surveyed for psychological status and biochemical changes. Sleep quality index scores showed significant improvement after the rice-based intervention. Additionally, blood oxidative stress levels were reduced in the rice-diet group compared with the no-rice-diet group. Although the molecular mechanisms should be investigated in detail, our findings suggest that controlling oxidative stress through the intake of a rice-centered diet may be key to improving sleep quality.
13
Tiwari, MR, BK Shrestha, LN Panday, and P. Mandal. "Comparison of Growth Performance of Khari Goats Fed with Different Level of Rice Bran and Urea Treated Rice Straw (UTRS) in Fodder Based Diets." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (July 22, 2012): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6480.
Full textAbstract:
For correcting, the nutritional imbalance of rice straw feed diet by supplementing energy and protein rich concentrate (rice bran) an experiment was carried out in growing male goats at Agriculture Research Station (Goat), Bandipur, Tanahun from November 2009 to Januwary 2010. Twelve goats of 6-7 months of age and similar body weight were divided into four treatment groups having three animals in each group by using complete randomized design. Four types of diet were formulated for these experimental animals. The animals of control group (treatment 1) were provided UTRS, Raikhanayo and concentrate mixture at the rate of 65, 25 and 10% of dry matter requirement, respectively. Dry matter requirement of treatment 2 was fulfilled by providing urea treated rice straw (UTRS), Raikhanayo and rice bran @ 65, 25 and 10%, respectively. Treatment 3 received dry matter requirement by UTRS, Raikhanayo and rice bran @ 55, 25 and 20%, respectively whereas treatment 4 got @ 45, 25 and 30 percent UTRS, Raikhanayo and rice bran, respectively. The study revealed that there was no significant effect in fodder and UTRS intake between diet groups except rice bran (P<0.001). Likewise, there was highly significant (P<0.001) effect in total dry matter intake between diet groups. The highest body weight gain was observed in treatment 4 (17.5 ± 1.8 kg) followed by treatment 3 and 2 (15.66 ± 1.15 kg and 15.5 ± 3.27 kg, respectively). The lowest body weight gain was noted for treatment 1 (14.5 ± 1.80 kg); however, it was also found non-significant between diet groups. Average daily gain was recorded highest in treatment 4 (50 g /day) followed by treatment 2 (31.44 g /day) whereas average daily gain for treatment 1 and 2 were recorded similar (27.77 g /day).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6480 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2011) 55-60
14
Stall, Sharon. "The Rice Cooker and the Renal Diet." Journal of Renal Nutrition 26, no. 2 (March 2016): e5-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2015.12.003.
Full text
15
Rezaei, M., M. K. Fathi, and A. K. Kor. "Use of broken rice in broiler diet." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2006 (March 2006): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200018421.
Full textAbstract:
Maize is the principal energy source in most poultry diet in developing countries. As the cultivating of maize is limited in Iran, annually a large amount of maize is imported. Broken rice (BR) is a major cereal by-product for animal feeding in rice-growing countries. The annual production of rice paddy in Iran is about 2 million tonnes. After milling of paddy, broken rice is available for utilization in animal diet. BR consists of 40 to 80 g/kg of rice paddy. It contains good sources of protein (100-110 g/kg), fat (60-110 g/kg), carbohydrate, fibre (20-50 g/kg). Due to mixing with bran and hull the chemical composition of BR varies in different samples. In some part of the country the price of this ingredient is lower than maize. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the effect diets containing different levels of BR on performance of broiler chicks from 1 to 8 weeks of age.
16
Azizah, Nur, and Ana Yuliah Rahmawati. "Efektivitas Diet Nasi terhadap Asupan Makanan dan Lama Hari Rawat Pasien Thyphoid di RSUD Sunan Kalijaga Demak." JURNAL RISET GIZI 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v2i1.147.
Full textAbstract:
Background : Typhoid is one of the infection diseases that causes the increasing of nutrition need. However, in fact, there are still many patients who get soft diet/ porridge that will reduce feed intake.Objective : This study aims to determine the effect of rice on diet (energy, protein, fat and carbohidrat) intake and care typhoid patients.Method : This research study is an experimental Pre Static Group Comparison. Sampling was non-randomized purposive sampling.The number of sample was 34 typhoid patients. The treatment group was given rice diet and control group was given soft diet/ porridge, intake (energy, protein, fat and carbohidrat) observed comstok method. The duration of treatment was collected from data. Statistic test that was used was independent - t test if the data are normally distributed and Maan - Whitney test if the data are not normally distriuted.Results : Giving rice diet will increase energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates typhoid patients was10.20%, 7.53%, 8.66%, and 8.19%. There is an influence in giving rice diet toward energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates absorbtion of Thypoid patients(p: 0.000, p: 0.006, p: 0.008, p: 0.011) and there is no influence in giving rice diet and porridge diet toward the duration of treatment (p: 0305).Conclusion: Giving rice diet will increase energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates absorption of typhoid patients but doesnot influence the duration of treatment.
17
Fitri, Ahmad, Samsu Udayana Nurdin, Asep Sukohar, Subeki, and Samsul Rizal. "Protein Digestibility and Protein Efficiency Ratio of Herbal Rice by Rats Given High Fat Diet." JURNAL AGROINDUSTRI HALAL 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jah.v9i2.8239.
Full textAbstract:
Herbal rice made from white rice by adding a mixture of turmeric, cinnamon and guava leaves during cooking, reducing cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia. This study was aims to evaluate the protein digestibility and protein efficiency ratio of herbal rice by rats given high fat diet. This study used 28 male Spangue dawley rats aged 12 weeks divided into four treatment groups (7 rats per group). The control group (P0) was given standard diet AIN-76 without high fat diet induction, the treatment group (P1) was containing plain rice flour with high fat diet induction, the treatment group (P2) was containing cooked rice flour 1 bag of mixed herbs with high fat diet induction, and the treatment group (P3) was containing cooked rice flour 2 bags of herbal mixture with high fat diet induction. The results showed that the body weight of each rat treatment group increased during the 28 days of the experiment. The type of ration given had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the value of protein digestibility, but had no significant effect (p<0.05) on the value of the protein efficiency ratio (PER). Result evaluation of body weight, protein digestibility and PER of herbal rice obtained, it can be concluded that herbal rice has better protein quality than plain white rice.
18
He, Beibei, Jingjing Shi, Kuanbo Liu, Junlin Cheng, Weiwei Wang, Yongwei Wang, and Aike Li. "Evaluation of the Available Energy Value and Amino Acid Digestibility of Brown Rice Stored for 6 Years and Its Application in Pig Diets." Animals 13, no. 21 (October 31, 2023): 3381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13213381.
Full textAbstract:
Long-term storage may reduce the nutritional quality of brown rice, so the present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional values of long-term-stored nutrition in pig diets. In Exp. 1, 18 Landrace × Yorkshire (L × Y) barrows with an initial body weight (IBW) of 25.48 ± 3.21 kg were randomly assigned to three treatments, including a corn-based diet, one-year-stored brown rice (BR1) diet, and six-year-stored brown rice (BR6) diet, to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) values of stored brown rice. In Exp. 2, 24 barrows (L × Y; IBW: 22.16 ± 2.42 kg) fixed with ileal T-cannula were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments, including a corn diet, two stored brown rice diets, and a nitrogen-free diet, to evaluate the amino acid (AA) digestibility of the stored brown rice. In Exp. 3 and 4, 108 crossbred weaned piglets (L × Y; IBW: 9.16 ± 0.89 kg) and 90 crossbred growing pigs (L × Y; IBW: 48.28 ± 3.51 kg) were allotted to three treatment diets, including a control diet and two stored brown rice diets, respectively, to investigate the application of stored brown rice in weaned piglets and fully grown pig diets. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the DE and ME values between corn and stored brown rice (p > 0.05), while the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of arginine, histidine, asparagine + aspartic acid (Asx), and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of arginine and histidine were higher in the stored brown rice diet compared to the corn diet (p < 0.05). Compared to the corn, the stored brown rice showed no significant effects on growth performance, nutrient-apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), and serum biochemical indices (p > 0.05) but showed decreased activity in the various digestive enzymes in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the weaned piglets (p < 0.05). Also, the stored brown rice diet showed no significant effects on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, as well as the fatty acid profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscle of fully grown pigs compared with the corn diet (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the brown rice stored for 6 years under good conditions had no obvious changes in the available energy and nutrient values. Although it may reduce digestive enzyme activity in the small intestines of the piglets, the stored brown rice showed no obvious adverse effects on growth performance and meat quality and can be effectively used in pig diets.
19
Vici, Giorgia, Diego Romano Perinelli, Dalia Camilletti, Flora Carotenuto, Luca Belli, and Valeria Polzonetti. "Nutritional Properties of Rice Varieties Commonly Consumed in Italy and Applicability in Gluten Free Diet." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 14, 2021): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061375.
Full textAbstract:
Gluten-free diets are often characterized by an inadequate intake of nutrients and are generally monotonous for the limited number of products celiac patients can use. As rice is the most used cereal by celiac consumers, studying rice varieties nutritional characteristics is of interest to manage diet quality and variety. Proteins, total carbohydrates and amylose content of six rice varieties (Ribe, Vialone Nano, Carnaroli, Arborio, Basmati, and Fragrance) were analyzed. Analyses were performed in raw products and after boiling, stewing, and microwaving. A decrease of proteins and total carbohydrates amount was observed in cooked rice. The same was reported for amylose content with boiling showing the highest loss (average retained amylose 53%). Considering amylose percentage with respect to total carbohydrates, each variety showed either an increase or a decrease depending on cooking method. The highest values were obtained with stewing above all for Basmati rice and Arborio rice. However, exceptions can be underlined as Carnaroli rice, showing the highest percentage when boiled. In this context, nutritional characteristics of cooked rice varieties appear to be of great importance to increase specific nutritional knowledge to better manage gluten-free diets.
20
Abdul Rahim, Anis Farhanah, Mohd Noor Norhayati, and Aida Maziha Zainudin. "The effect of a brown-rice diets on glycemic control and metabolic parameters in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials." PeerJ 9 (May 26, 2021): e11291. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11291.
Full textAbstract:
Background Brown rice is a whole-grain food that is often assumed to have a lower glycemic index compared to white rice. A few studies have objectively confirmed the effect of a brown-rice diet on glycemic control and metabolic parameters compared to a white-rice diet. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of brown rice on improving glycemic control and metabolic parameters in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. The researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials. Methods PRISMA guidelines were used as the basis of this systematic review. Relevant studies were identified by searching the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (PubMed), as well as Epistemonikos for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials published not later than January 2021 involving adults with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus who were consuming brown rice compared to those consuming white rice. The primary outcomes measured were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. The secondary outcomes were body weight, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, LDL and HDL-cholesterol levels. The mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between brown and white-rice-diet groups were calculated using a random-effects model. Results Seven trials involving 417 adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes were included in this study. Brown-rice diet did not improve the glycemic control because it had no effect on the HbA1c level (p = 0.15) and the FBG level (p = 0.95) compared to white-rice diet. Brown-rice diet reduced body weight (p < 0.00001; MD −2.2 kg; 95% CI [−3.13 to −1.26]; I2 = 0%). However, it had no effect on the waist circumference (p = 0.09), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.60) and diastolic blood pressure level (p = 0.40). HDL-cholesterol level is increased in brown-rice diet (p = 0.01; MD 0.10, 95% CI [0.02 to 0.17]; I2 = 44%) but it had no effect on the LDL-cholesterol level (p = 0.81). Conclusions The available evidence indicated that consuming brown rice in substitute for white rice does not affect glycemic control (HbA1c and FBG levels) in pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes patients. Brown rice, however, may be used as an alternative for white rice in such patients because it was found to reduce body weight and increase the HDL-cholesterol level. The benefits of a brown-rice diet on glycemic control may not be detected in short-term studies. The obtained evidence in this meta-analysis ranged from low to moderate quality. Thus, more high-quality trials with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up duration are needed to further investigate the effects of a brown-rice diet on diabetes glycemic control with stronger evidence. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019143266
21
Auliana, Rizqie, Fitri Rahmawati, Wara Kushartanti, Cerika Rismayanthi, Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama, Manil Kara Kauki, Reza Adityas Trisnadi, et al. "The study of rice bran cookies for diabetic diet and dyslipidemic diet." Fizjoterapia Polska 24, no. 1 (March 22, 2024): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg2ef8m5d.
Full textAbstract:
This study is about the use of rice bran as a snack for people with degenerative diseases of diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the highest cause of death and result in loss of productive days for sufferers and companions. To overcome this problem, the study aims to test rice bran cookies with 30% substitution on glucose levels, cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels in experimental animals so that they can be recommended as healthy cookies low in sugar and low in fat for a snack for people with diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. This type of research is an experiment. Research location of the Inter-University Center Experimental Animal Laboratory (PAU) Gadjah Mada University (UGM). The initial stage is to prepare 15 male Sprague Dawley (SD) male white rats weighing 250-300 grams and in closed cages. Rats measured blood glucose levels, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Furthermore, the rats were grouped into 3 groups, and 2 groups were given an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to make the rats diabetic. Group 1: 5 healthy rats fed a standard diet, group 2: 5 diabetic rats fed a standard diet, and group 3: 5 diabetic rats fed with rice bran cookies. Drinking water is given ad libitum and feeding is given every morning. Furthermore, weighing and analysis of blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were carried out on the seventh, tenth, seventeenth, twenty-fourth, thirty-first, and thirty-eighth days. The results showed that 30% substitute bran cookies were able to reduce glucose levels, cholesterol levels, and serum triglyceride levels so that they could be recommended as a snack for people with diabetes mellitus and people with dyslipidemia.
22
Hartini, S., D. D. Rahardjo, and H. Sasongko. "The way insoluble fiber incorporated in the diet changes its physiological response." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 46, no. 3 (July 10, 2021): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.3.248-257.
Full textAbstract:
The physiological effect of insoluble fibers may change with diet composition. The present study aimed to determine the difference in the physiological responses of broiler chickens fed diet incorporated with rice hulls in different ways. Two hundred and forty broiler chicks at two-days old were randomly placed in 30 cages and fed: control diet (based on corn-soybean) (CO), rice hull supplementation diet (CO + 4% of rice hulls) (RS), and rice hull inclusion diet (inclusion of 4% rice hulls in diet) (RI). The significant effects were mostly found in the starter phase. The RI increased ADG (P<0.05) but reduced empty ceca weight (P<0.05) in comparison to CO and RS. The RS increased the jejunal crypt depth (P<0.05) and reduced the small intestinal content (P<0.05). Birds fed RS and RI had higher villus height (P<0.05) and thicker jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) than those fed the CO. In the finisher phase, birds fed the RS had the narrower width of the upper and lower jejunal villi than the others. Supplementation or inclusion of insoluble fiber in the diet will lead to different physiological responses due to changes in diet composition.
23
Etheredge, Jenny. "From pasta to rice, there is a rich diet in the world." Early Years Educator 6, no. 6 (October 2004): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2004.6.6.16001.
Full text
24
Rosendahl, Sarah, Johanna Anturaniemi, and Anna Hielm-Björkman. "Hair arsenic level in rice-based diet-fed Staffordshire bull terriers." Veterinary Record 186, no. 17 (October 30, 2019): e15-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105493.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundThere have been concerns related to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in rice and the risk of chronic toxicity in human beings, especially children. Rice is a common constituent of pet food, and dogs often eat the same food on a continual daily basis for long periods of time. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the risk of chronic iAs exposure in rice-based diet-fed dogs.MethodsHair iAs level was measured in seven rice-based diet-fed dogs (mean age 3.8 years) and in nine dogs that did not consume any rice (mean age 4.4 years), using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.ResultsThe hair iAs level was significantly higher (P=0.005) in dogs fed a rice-based diet (mean 0.143 µg/g) than in dogs that did not consume any rice (mean 0.086 µg/g), while age and sex did not show associations with hair iAs level.ConclusionThe results suggest that eating a rice-based diet for long periods of time represents a risk for chronic iAs exposure in dogs.
25
Lorenzón, Rodrigo E., Carolina E. Antoniazzi, Franco N. Fabre, Virginia M. Quiroga, Silvia A. Regner, Ana L. Ronchi-Virgolini, Pamela F. Olguin, Evelina J. Leon, and Adolfo H. Beltzer. "Diet of the Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) in rice fields on its wintering grounds in Argentina." Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 27, no. 1 (March 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03544441.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWinter diet of Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), a bird considered a pest of rice fields, is known to consist primarily of seeds. However, it is not yet possible to establish the extent to which non-rice plants and animal components contribute to its diet. To contribute to these issues, we studied the diet of the Bobolink found in rice fields on its wintering grounds in Santa Fe, Argentina, to provide information on (i) the composition of the diet and (ii) the relative importance of plant and animal components in the diet and of the different prey categories. We captured Bobolinks with mist nets and obtained samples of stomach contents by warm water and emetic-based regurgitation to determine the composition of the diet (n = 46 samples) and the importance of the different prey (n = 25 samples), mainly during March, just prior to northbound migration. We confirmed that the Bobolink’s diet in this region during this period is predominantly herbivorous (97%) and rice-based (55%), although it also consumes a large number of seeds of non-cultivated plants that represented 42% of the diet. Invertebrates, although of less importance than plant components (3%), had been consumed by 97% of captured individuais. Our results document the importance of non-cultivated plants and animal prey in the diet of Bobolinks in addition to rice.
26
Kuszairi, Kuszairi. "Efektifitas Pemberian Diet Beras Merah Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Di Puskesmas Pademawu Pamekasan." Journal of Islamic Medicine 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jim.v1i2.4458.
Full textAbstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease in which blood glucose levels are high because the body can not release or use insulins sufficiently. Treatment of diabetes includes weight control, exercise and diet. One way of diet is to use brown rice. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of red rice diet in lowering blood sugar levels in patients with DM. The design of this research used Quasy-Experiment research design with Simple Random Sampling method. The sample used was 16 respondents from population of 76 DM patients who performed outpatient at Puskesmas Palengaan in June 2008. Data collection was done by observing the blood sugar level before and after intervention of red rice diet using GlucoDr tool. After being tabulated, the existing data were analyzed by using Paired Sample T Test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of statistical tests obtained that H0 rejected and H1 accepted, meaning red rice diet is effective against the decrease in blood sugar levels DM patients with a value of t count of 7.202 with a significant level of 0.000. Given the results of this study proves that the red rice diet can reduce blood sugar levels of DM patients so the need for awareness of DM patients to implement a red rice diet in order to reduce the risk of complications from DM.
27
Hassan, M. W., W. Dou, H. B. Jiang, and J. J. Wang. "Comparative Population Growth of the Psocid Liposcelis yunnaniensis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) on Different Diets." International Journal of Insect Science 2 (January 2010): IJIS.S4590. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s4590.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, we investigated the population growth of the Liposcelis yunnaniensis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) feeding on ten different diets. Out of the ten diets, eight were made of plain cereals namely wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), corn ( Zea mays L.), barley ( Hordeum vulgar L.), oats ( Avena sativa L.), rice ( Oryza sative L.), and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolour L.) while two were the artificial diets named Nayak wheat diet and Universal diet. The population growth was recorded as corn > wheat > universal diet > hulled barley > rice (hulls intact) > barley (hulls intact) > sorghum > Nayak wheat diet > oats > hulled rice. After 32 d culture, the initial 5 psocids developed to the populations as 41.8 ± 4.26, 41.5 ± 4.09 and 39.1 ± 7.64 on corn, wheat and universal diet, respectively. Meanwhile, psocids feeding on Nayak wheat diet, oats and hulled rice had significantly lower populations with 25.6 ± 2.42, 22.5 ± 3.09 and 13.6 ± 2.36 respectively. Rice and barley were included in the diets with and without hulls to see their effect on population growth. In case of barley, hulls had no significant effect on population growth while rice with hulls had significantly higher populations than rice alone. This study has confirmed the relative level of suitability of different cereals for this species when damaged. We have described a method to get the uniform age adults that can be helpful in research experiments.
28
Mathers, J. C., Fresia Fernandez, M. J. Hill, P. T. McCarthy, M. J. Shearer, and A. Oxley. "Dietary modification of potential vitamin K supply from enteric bacterial menaquinones in rats." British Journal of Nutrition 63, no. 3 (May 1990): 639–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19900150.
Full textAbstract:
Rats given a low-fibre diet based on boiled white rice developed symptoms of severe vitamin K deficiency within 23 d. Inclusion of autoclaved black-eye beans (Vigna unguiculata) in the diet prevented the bleeding syndrome. To test the hypothesis that deficiency resulted from low phylloquinone intake exacerbated by inadequate production of menaquinones by the enteric bacteria, a follow-up experiment was carried out in which groups of rats were given an all-rice diet, a rice+beans diet or a stock diet. Rats on the allrice diet had significantly lower faecal concentrations of the main menaquinone-producing bacterial species (Bacteroides fragilisandBacteroides vulgutus) than animals on either of the other two diets. This coupled with the much lower faecal output on this diet suggests that total menaquinone production was low for the all-rice diet. The alterations in faecal flora were associated with several significant changes in caecal metabolism. Rats given the stock diet had much shorter caecal transit times and a considerably greater proportion of butyric acid in volatile fatty acid end-products than did rats on either of the other two diets.
29
Nguyen, Van Ngoc Thanh, Thu Le Anh Nguyen, and Hong Ngoc Nguyen. "Effects of brown rice, red rice and purple rice on body weight and serum lipid in mice fed a high fat diet." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 1, T5 (November 28, 2018): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v1it5.532.
Full textAbstract:
Brown rice, purple rice and red rice are the basic components of macrobiotic diet. The aim of study was to examine the lower weight gain and antihyperlipidemic activities of brown rice, purple rice and red rice on mice fed high fat diet. The mice were divided into 5 groups: group 1 was normal control mice fed with normal pellet diet; group 2- hyperlipidemic control mice was fed with high fat (15 % wt/wt)/cholesterol (0.5 % wt/wt) supplemented with either corn starch (50 % wt/wt) or cooked brown rice - group 3 or cooked red rice –group 4 or cooked purple rice–group 5 (50 % wt/wt) as the main carbohydrate source for 6 weeks. The results showed that group 2 exhibited significantly increased on weight body and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) and decreased in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) as compared to control group 1. Group 3, 4, 5 exhibited reduction on body weight and significantly decreased in the elevated TC, LDL-c and TG as compared to group 2. Among them, the reduction in body weight and TC and TG of group 4 was lower than other groups; the increase of HDL-c of group 5 was higher than group 3 and group 4. This is the first report identifying lower weight gain and anti-hyperlipidemic activities of cooked brown rice, cooked purple rice and cooked red rice on mice fed high fat diet. The results obtained in the present study indicate that brown rice, red rice and purple rice are health food for lower weight gain, anti-hyperlipidemic agent and prevention of heart diseases.
30
Triplehorn, Clay, Peter S. Millard, Clay Triplehorn, and Peter S. Millard. "A rice-based diet with green banana or pectin reduced diarrhea in infants better than a rice-alone diet." ACP Journal Club 136, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/acpjc-2002-136-2-067.
Full text
31
Triplehorn, C. "A rice based diet with green banana or pectin reduced diarrhoea in infants better than a rice alone diet." Evidence-Based Medicine 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebm.7.2.55.
Full text
32
Pal, Nebash Chandra, Syed Mohammad Bulbul, Zannatul Mawa, and Muslah Uddin Ahammad. "Effect of incorporating rice bran or parboiled rice polish with or without exogenous phytase in the diet on growth of Jinding ducklings." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 2, no. 3 (December 29, 2015): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v2i3.26167.
Full textAbstract:
A total of 48 straight-run day old ducklings (DOD) of Jinding were fed ad libitum on four (4) iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets (3000 Kcal ME/kg and 22% CP) having 3 replicates each. The diets were formulated using 20% rice bran (RB) or parboiled rice polish (PRP) with or without exogenous phytase (10g/kg). Ducklings were fed up to 28 days of age to observe the effect of RB and PRP based diet on the growth performance. Feeding of PRP based diet with enzyme resulted in increased live weight gain and feed efficiency. There was no difference in feed intake on both diets (p>0.05). However, the formulating cost of PRP based diet was higher than that of RB based diet. Addition of enzyme promoted growth and feed efficiency but did not affect feed intake significantly during the experimental period and increased feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that the biological performance of PRP based diet with or without enzyme was better than that of RB based diet. However, the feed cost was less in RB based diet with or without phytase. Therefore, to formulate low cost diet, RB seemed to be superior over PRP, but for better growth performance PRP can be used in the diet of ducklings. In conclusion, the findings demonstrated that the PRP based diets with or without phytase was superior to RB based diets with or without phytase in terms of growth performance, but RB based diet was superior in terms of feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that increased growth performance cannot be a basis of using RB and PRP. Rather, costeffectiveness of feeding ducklings on RB and PRP based diet must be taken into account.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(3): 445-451, December 2015
33
Seo, Kangmin, Hyun-Woo Cho, Ju Lan Chun, Kyoung Min So, and Ki Hyun Kim. "Body Weight Development in Adult Dogs Fed a High Level Resistant Starch Diet." Animals 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 3440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12233440.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the effect of Dodamssal rice, which has a high content of resistant starch, on obesity and hematologic properties in dogs. In Experiment 1, 24 spayed dogs were divided into three feeding groups: normal-fat basal diet (control), high-fat diet with 12% normal amylose type rice (hNAR), and high-fat diet with 12% high amylose type rice (Dodamssal rice; hHAR). In Experiment 2, 8 spayed dogs were assigned to a normal amylose type rice (NAR) group and a high amylose type rice group (HAR) with a normal-fat basal diet. After 24 weeks, an increase in weight and blood cholesterol was observed in both high-fat diet groups for Experiment 1. Specifically, an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase was observed over time in the hNAR group compared with that of the control; however, no such patterns were present in the hHAR group. Further, a significant weight-loss effect was observed in the HAR group in Experiment 2 at 4 weeks. The effect on body weight was due to the reduced digestibility of amylose and thereby lower dietary ME content. Overall, this confirmed that Dodamssal rice had a positive effect on weight loss in dogs, and these results suggest that Dodamssal rice has potential value as a raw ingredient for preventing obesity in dogs.
34
Khalil, Khalil, Dwi Ananta, Andri Andri, and Hermon Hermon. "Mineral composition and nutritive value of fresh and supplemented rice straws preserved in manual stacking, balling, and wrapping storage methods." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 23, no. 10 (December 6, 2023): 24907–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23900.
Full textAbstract:
Rice straws are underutilized as feed due to cattle’s preference for fresh straw. Rice straws have low nutritional value and are easily susceptible to microbial spoilage during traditional storage of loose stacking or manual open-air balling. Supplementing fresh rice straws with some minerals, energy, and protein could improve the nutritional value and storage stability under different preservation methods. The present study aimed to determine the effect of supplementing fresh rice straws with minerals, molasses, and urea, stored under three manual treatments: loose stacking, open-air balling, and airtight wrapping. Fresh rice straws were treated with 1% calcite-based mineral mixture, 0.6% molasses, and 0.05% urea and stored for 60 days. The supplemented rice straws were chopped and mixed with a basal diet composed of 55% elephant grass and 20% concentrate. Four experimental diets were then developed from the composite. That is the basal diet + fresh rice straw (FRS), basal diet+stacking supplemented rice straw (SSRS), basal diet+balling supplemented rice straw (BSSR), and basal diet+wrapping supplemented rice straw (WSRS). The experimental diets were fed to young Pesisir bulls using a 4x4 Latin Square design for eleven days. Fresh and supplemented rice straws were analyzed for dry matter, mineral content, blood hematology profile and protein content. The fresh rice straw had a relatively high potassium, iron, and manganese content but was low in calcium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, and selenium. Supplementation significantly increased the concentration of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, copper, and selenium in the preserved rice straw. Rice straw preserved in the wrapping way had the highest copper, cobalt, and selenium content. Feeding cattle with supplemented rice straw preserved in the wrapping method, decreased the blood monocyte value equivalent to that of the fresh straw. Supplementation of fresh rice straws with calcite-based minerals, molasses, and urea has the potential to increase some essential mineral content and maintained the nutritional value of rice straw preserved in an air-tied wrapping method. Key words: Calcites, Hematology, Mineral, Pesisir cattle, Rice straw, Storage, Supplementation
35
Larsen, Torben, Shakuntala H. Thilsted, Sunil K. Biswas, and Inge Tetens. "The leafy vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus) is a potent inhibitor of calcium availability and retention in rice-based diets." British Journal of Nutrition 90, no. 3 (September 2003): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2003923.
Full textAbstract:
Improvement in the nutritional quality of Bangladeshi rice-based diets is sought through increasing the amounts of vegetables, fish and legumes consumed. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of rice-based diets on selected parameters of Ca and P availability and retention in young, growing rats. The study was designed as a randomised balance trial with five diets, eight animals per diet, and two balance periods of 1 week each. Apart from diet 1, which was a pure rice diet, the other four diets were composite diets and included the leafy vegetable, amaranth leaves (Amaranthus gangeticus), the small fish, mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), and lentils (Lens culinaris) in different amounts to simulate the average rural rice-based diet, the recommended diet, the recommended diet diluted with starch, and the recommended diet excluding amaranth leaves. The inclusion of amaranth leaves, mola and lentils significantly improved N and growth retention in the rats compared with the pure rice diet. However, a minor addition of amaranth (0·66 g/100 g DM) significantly reduced the fractional Ca absorption and retention. Femur bone mass and Ca and P densities were significantly lower in the rats fed the diets that included amaranth leaves. The observed inhibitory effect of the amaranth leaves on Ca absorption and utilisation was probably due to the oxalate content. It is concluded that the formulation of a recommended diet cannot be based only on nutrient content values of individual food components due to interactions between nutrients and anti-nutrients in the diet.
36
Shinozaki, Nana, Kentaro Murakami, Keiko Asakura, Shizuko Masayasu, and Satoshi Sasaki. "Identification of Dish-Based Dietary Patterns for Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Their Diet Quality in Japanese Adults." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010067.
Full textAbstract:
We identified dish-based dietary patterns for breakfast, lunch, and dinner and assessed the diet quality of each pattern. Dietary data were obtained from 392 Japanese adults aged 20–69 years in 2013, using a 4 d dietary record. K-means cluster analysis was conducted based on the amount of each dish group, separately for breakfasts (n = 1462), lunches (n = 1504), and dinners (n = 1500). The diet quality of each dietary pattern was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3). The extracted dietary patterns were as follows: ‘bread-based’ and ‘rice-based’ for breakfast; ‘bread’, ‘rice-based’, ‘ramen’, ‘udon/soba’, and ‘sushi/rice bowl dishes’ for lunch; and ‘miscellaneous’, ‘meat dish and beer’, and ‘hot pot dishes’ for dinner. For breakfast, the HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 total scores were higher in the ‘rice-based’ pattern than the ‘bread-based’ pattern. For lunch, the HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 total scores were relatively high in the ‘rice-based’ pattern and low in the ‘ramen’ pattern. For dinner, the HEI-2015 total score was the highest in the ‘meat dish and beer’ pattern, and the NRF9.3 total score was higher in the ‘hot pot dishes’ than the ‘miscellaneous’ pattern. These results suggested that breakfast, lunch, and dinner have distinctive dietary patterns with different diet qualities.
37
Nguyen, Thuy Linh, and Khanh Son Trinh. "Evaluation of the Obesity Prevention, Blood Glucose, and Blood Lipid Control of Vietnamese Rice Varieties in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice." International Journal of Food Science 2021 (September 7, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4880603.
Full textAbstract:
Five Vietnamese rice varieties, which differ in their basic chemical composition (starch content, amylose content, fiber content) including polished rices and whole grain rices, were chosen for this study. High-fat diet-induced obesity, using these rice, was subjected to in vivo experiments to evaluate the effects of body weight gain, caloric intake, postprandial blood glucose level (PBGL), and glycemic index (GI) in tested mice groups. PBGL peaks appeared at 30th minute after eating, and GI of each experimental group was ranked in order as GN > TL > HR > GM > L Đ and GN > LT > HR > L Đ > GM , respectively, in which, brown rice (LĐ) and germinated brown rice (GM) had low GI. Furthermore, these rice varieties caused the lowest LDL cholesterol and the ratio of LDL/HDL cholesterols in mice. In this study, the higher the amylose and fiber contents were, the lower glycemic index, triglycerides, LDL, and LDL/HDL values were. The golden flower glutinous rice (GN), with low amylose and fiber content, gave worse blood lipid parameters than that of GM and LĐ. Histopathological studies of white adipose and liver tissues showed that LĐ and GM significantly reduced the symptoms of obesity and fatty liver compared with the others, especially compared to GN. The results obtained from this study help patients with overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes choose the right rice variety for their daily diet to be able to control their diseases.
38
Sarker, D., MRA Redoy, NC Sarker, MT Kamal, and M. Al-Mamun. "Effect of used rice straw of mushroom cultivation on growth performance and plasma metabolites in beef cattle." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 45, no. 3 (January 9, 2017): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v45i3.31044.
Full textAbstract:
The present experiment was designed to know the feasibility of using rice straw used as bedding materials for mushroom cultivation as cattle feed and its effect on the growth performance and plasma metabolites in ten beef cattle (BW 73±7 kg; 1 year). The animals were divided into two groups and fed two diets using a crossover design for a period of 60 days each. Diet one was control diet (CL-diet) composed of rice straw, dhal grass, wheat bran, and mustard oil cake and in another diet 10% of rice straw of CL-diet was replaced by the rice straw used as bedding material for mushroom cultivation, which was considered as mushroom straw diet (URS-diet). In both the dietary treatments the animals were fed at 1.5 times of maintenance energy and protein requirement. The animals were weighed once a week throughout the experimental period, and the blood samples were collected on the day 60 of each experiment. The acid detergent fiber was slightly lower and neutral detergent fiber was slightly higher (P < 0.05) for URS-diet compared to CL-diet. The crude protein and crude ash contents were higher (P < 0.05) in URS-diet compared to CL-diet. Body weight gain was greater for URS-diet compared to CL-diet. Plasma concentration of glucose, and blood urea were comparable between dietary treatments. Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, and LDL-C were lower in URS-diet compared to CL-diet. It could be concluded that, the URS-diet could be fed to cattle without any adverse effect on growth and plasma lipid profile.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (3): 40-45
39
Upreti, Chet R., Bahadur S. Kuwar, and Shambhu B. Panday. "Use of Rice Straw and Black Gram Straw in Fodder Based Goat's Diets in the Hills of Nepal." Nepal Agriculture Research Journal 8 (November 23, 2014): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11595.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible use of crop residue such as rice straw and black gram straw (Kushauro) in hill goats’ diet. Twenty male and female goats of age 6- 9 months were divided into 4 dietary groups. Animal of first diet groups (D1) were fed with fodder leaves (Khanyu) only, second diet group (D2) with 20% rice straw + fodder tree foliage, third diet group (D3) with 20% rice straw + fodder tree foliage + concentrate @ 1% of body weight, and fourth diet group (D4) fodder tree foliage + 15% rice straw + 5% black gram straw + concentrate @ 1% of body weight meet to the daily requirement. These rations were fed to animals of individual diet group for 150 days. Daily feed intake, daily weight change was recorded. Body weight was taken at the beginning of the experiment, at the end of experiment and 15 days interval. The result showed that there was significant difference (P <0.05) between different dietary groups for average daily gain (ADG). The highest ADG was observed in D3 (19.6±4.33), followed by D2 (12.67±1.38 g/d) and D4 (11.73±1.78 g/d). The lowest ADG was found in D1 (10.8±1.87 g/d). The result indicated that 20% rice straw can be used in goat diet with supplementary diet of concentrate @ 1% of body weight, and foliage of Khanyu as a basal diet. Feeding only fodder tree foliage is not suitable to get higher ADG in stall-feeding management.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 82-87DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11595
40
Chung, Soo Im, and Mi Young Kang. "Oral Administration of Germinated, Pigmented, Giant Embryo Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Keunnunjami) Extract Improves the Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (January 15, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8829778.
Full textAbstract:
Obesity is a significant risk factor for chronic diseases. The effect of ethanol extract from germinated Keunnunjami, blackish-purple rice with a giant embryo, compare to ordinary brown rice, on the body weight and lipid and glucose metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice was analyzed. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet-fed for 3 weeks and then orally administered with either distilled water (HF) or extract (0.25%, w / w ) from brown, germinated brown, Keunnunjami, and germinated Keunnunjami rice for 4 weeks. Control mice were fed with a normal diet and orally administered with distilled water. The HF group showed markedly higher body weight and triglyceride, cholesterol, fatty acid, glucose, and insulin levels than the control group. However, the oral administration of rice extracts ameliorated this high-fat diet-induced obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypoglycemia through the modulation of adipokine production, lipogenic and glucose-regulating enzyme activities, and mRNA expression of genes associated with lipid and glucose metabolism. The germinated Keunnunjami extract exhibited greater hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and body weight-lowering effects than the other rice extracts. The results demonstrated that germination could further enhance the physiological properties of rice and that germinated Keunnunjami extract has a strong therapeutic potential against high-fat diet-induced obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia.
41
Maleki, Shokofe, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Shahin Riyahi Malayeri, Maghsoud Peeri, and Saleh Rahmati Ahmadabad. "The effect of aerobic exercise and ethanolic extract of rice bran on the expression of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase and HMGCR genes in the liver tissue of rats fed with a high-fat diet." Health Nexus 2, no. 3 (2024): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.hn.2.3.11.
Full textAbstract:
Alteration in cholesterol homeostasis is a consequence of overweight and obesity induced by diet, with the liver being one of the key organs in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Since the effect of rice bran and aerobic exercise on the hepatic cholesterol synthesis pathway is not well understood, this study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and ethanolic extract of rice bran on the expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and HMGCR genes in the liver tissue of rats fed with a high-fat diet. In a preclinical trial, 30 eight-week-old female rats were randomly divided into five groups (6 rats per group): control with normal diet, control with a high-fat diet, aerobic exercise with a high-fat diet, and aerobic exercise with rice bran and a high-fat diet. The aerobic exercise program included running on a treadmill at moderate intensity (50-60% Vo2max), 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. The ethanolic extract of rice bran was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg via gavage to the supplement and exercise-supplement groups. The expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the control group with a normal diet significantly increased compared to the control group with a high-fat diet (P = 0.000), while the expression of HMGCR significantly decreased (P = 0.050). Additionally, the expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the aerobic exercise group with a high-fat diet showed a significant increase compared to the control group with a high-fat diet (P ≤ 0.034), and the expression of HMGCR showed a significant decrease (P = 0.000). Furthermore, intergroup comparisons revealed that the increase in the expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the rice bran diet group was significant compared to the control group with a high-fat diet (P ≤ 0.001), while the expression of HMGCR significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.028). Similar changes were observed in the aerobic exercise-rice bran group compared to the control group with a high-fat diet, showing a significant increase in the expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (P ≤ 0.002), while the decrease in HMGCR expression was significant (P = 0.000).
42
Gopinger, Edenilse, Priscila De Oliveira Moraes, Aiane Aparecida da Silva Catalan, Eduardo Gonçalves Xavier, Martha Lopes Castro, and Jorge Schafhäuser Junior. "Whole rice in japanese quails’ diet." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 36, no. 4 (September 24, 2014): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v36i4.24504.
Full text
43
Kamalu, Beryl P. "The effect of a nutritionally-balanced cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) diet on endocrine function using the dog as a model 1. Pancreas." British Journal of Nutrition 65, no. 3 (May 1991): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910097.
Full textAbstract:
Growing dogs were divided into three groups and were fed on a control (rice) diet, a diet in which cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz; gari) was used as the carbohydrate source, and the rice diet to which cyanide (equivalent to that present in gari) was added. Each group consumed its diet for 14 weeks, during which plasma thiocyanate concentration and plasma lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activity were monitored. Plasma free amino acids were determined from pooled samples taken at the end of the experimental period, and the insulin status of the dogs was evaluated using the gluconeogenic index. The dogs were killed and the pancreas examined for histopathology. Dogs fed on both gari diet and the rice+cyanide diet generated significant amounts of thiocyanate when compared with the controls, with the rice+cyanide group having higher plasma thiocyanate than the gari group (P < 0.01). Plasma lipase activity rose significantly at the end of the experimental period in the dogs fed on gari (P < 0.05). Gluconeogenesis from protein was greatest in the dogs fed on gari, five times greater than that in the control dogs, while gluconeogenesis from protein in the dogs fed on rice+cyanide was approximately twice as high as that of the control dogs. Histopathological examination of the pancreas showed haemorrhage, necrosis, fibrosis and atrophy of the acinar tissue and fibrosis of the islets of Langerhans in the dogs fed on gari. The pancreas of the dogs fed on rice+cyanide showed similar lesions but haemorrhage was not prominent and fibrosis was more marked. The present study indicated that a hypoinsulinaemia developed which was more severe in the animals fed on gari than in the dogs fed on the rice+cyanide diet and that the condition was not related to the level of plasma thiocyanate or the histopathology observed.
44
Matsumoto, Yu, Saya Fujita, Ayano Yamagishi, Tomomi Shirai, Yukie Maeda, Tsukasa Suzuki, Ken-ichi Kobayashi, Jun Inoue, and Yuji Yamamoto. "Brown Rice Inhibits Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Zucker (fa/fa) Rats by Increasing Lipid Oxidation Via Activation of Retinoic Acid Synthesis." Journal of Nutrition 151, no. 9 (July 5, 2021): 2705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab188.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Background White rice and its unrefined form, brown rice, contain numerous compounds that are beneficial to human health. However, the starch content of rice can contribute to obesity, a main risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives We investigated the effect of rice consumption on NAFLD and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods We randomly divided 7-week-old male obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats, an animal model of NAFLD, into 3 groups (n = 10 each) fed 1 of 3 diets for 10 weeks: a control diet (Cont; AIN-93G diet; 53% cornstarch), a white rice diet (WR; AIN-93G diet with cornstarch replaced with white rice powder), or a brown rice diet (BR; AIN-93G diet with cornstarch replaced with brown rice powder). Liver fat accumulation and gene expression related to lipid and vitamin A metabolisms, including retinoic acid (RA) signaling, were analyzed. Results Hepatic lipid values were significantly decreased in the BR group compared with the Cont group, by 0.4-fold (P < 0.05). The expression of genes related to hepatic fatty acid oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2, was approximately 2.1-fold higher in the BR group than the Cont group (P < 0.05). The expression of peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain was also significantly increased, by 1.6-fold, in the BR group compared with the Cont group (P < 0.05). The expression of VLDL-secretion-related genes, such as microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, was also significantly higher in the BR group (2.4-fold; P < 0.05). Furthermore, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1, an RA synthase gene, was 2-fold higher in the BR group than the Cont group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Brown rice prevented development of NAFLD in obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats. The beneficial effects of pregelatinized rice on NAFLD could be manifested as increased fatty acid oxidation and VLDL secretion, which are regulated by RA signaling.
45
T. G. O., SUSILA, T. G. B. YADNYA, and A. A. A. S. TRISNADEWI. "KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN SEKAM PADI DIFERMENTASI Aspergillus niger DALAM RANSUM DISUPLEMENTASI TEPUNG DAUN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas, L.) TERHADAP PENAMPILAN ITIK BALI UMUR 24 -36 MINGGU." Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mip.2018.v21.i02.p01.
Full textAbstract:
The experiment was carried out to study the effect on fermented rice hull in diets supplemented with purplesweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves meal on performance of bali ducks. A completely randomized design withfive treatments such as diet without rice hull (A), diet contaning 10% rice hull (B), diet containing 10% fermentedrice hull (C), ration contaning 9% rice hull and 1% purple sweet potato leaf meal (D), diet containing 9% fermentedrice hull and 1% purple sweet potato leaf meal (E). Each treatment in three replications consists of 5 female ducks.The variables observed were feed consumption, antioxidant capacity, total egg weight and FCR, and total eggs, eggproduction per day, and means of eggs weight. It showed that diet feed consumption of ducks fed E treatment found3.32% lower (P<0,05), total eggs 47,56% higher (P<0,05) compared to A. In addition, E treatment can increasetotal amount of eggs, egg production per day, and 29,16%, 29,15% dan 12,12% means of eggs (P<0,05) compared toA treatment. It can be concluded that ducks fed diets containing fermented rice hull and purple sweet potato leafmeal supplemented can improve efficiency of diets and production of eggs.
46
Jatta, Saloum, Jean Fall, Malick Diouf, Le Viet Dung, and Shyn Shin Sheen. "The Effects of Substituting Soybean Meal, Wheat Flour and Cassava Flour with Groundnut Cake, Poultry By-product Meal, Brewery Waste and Rice Bran on Growth and Body Composition of Tilapia Fry." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 4, no. 3 (May 18, 2022): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2022.4.3.320.
Full textAbstract:
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal, wheat flour and cassava flour with groundnut cake, poultry by-product meal, brewery waste and rice bran on the growth and body composition of Oreochromis niloticus fry at 3.77 g initial mean weight. Four iso-nitrogenous (35 % CP) experimental diets (1 control, 3 substituted) were prepared and administered. Control diet (Diet 1) has fishmeal, soybean meal, wheat flour, cassava flour and a blend of palm oil and fish oil as macro-ingredients. Soybean meal, wheat flour and cassava flour in the control diet were replaced with groundnut cake, brewery waste, rice bran to form Diet 2. Those three ingredients in the control diet were replaced with poultry by-product meal, brewery waste and rice bran to form Diet 3. Finally, Diet 4 was formulated with a combination of groundnut cake and poultry by-product meal, brewery waste and rice bran to replace the three ingredients above. Value-wise, the best growth performances were observed from the fish fed on Diet 3 but there were no significant differences among all the treatments. Generally, the substitution of soybean meal, wheat flour and cassava flour with groundnut cake, poultry by-product meal, rice bran and brewery waste have no major effect on the body composition of the fish. Meanwhile, the substitution has a positive effect with respect to feed cost in producing a kilogram of feed and a kilogram of fish. The authors suggested that the substitution of soybean meal, wheat flour and cassava flour with groundnut cake or poultry by-product meal or the combination of groundnut cake and poultry by-product meal, brewery waste and rice bran is more cost-effective and economical for Nile tilapia farming.
47
Kolade, Isiaka, Mahmud Yousuf, Abiola Salako, Kamoldeen Ajijolakewu, Tajjudeen Abdulkareem, and Sesan Lawal. "Effects of Graded Levels of Xylanase-Treated Rice Husk on Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens." Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.1.341.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the feeding value of Aspergillus tubingensis xylanase-treated rice husk in broiler chickens. The objectives of the study are (I) to investigate the effect of xylanase treatment on the utilization of rice husk in broiler chickens and (II) to determine the optimum level of xylanase-treated rice husk that can be tolerated by broiler chickens. Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes that degrade xylan and hemicelluloses located in plant cell walls, into xylose which is a reducing sugar and enhancing nutrient digestibility in animal feeds. The production of extracellular xylanase by a locally isolated Aspergillus tubingensis was conducted using solid-state fermentation. The selected isolate was identified by cultural techniques and verified by molecular identification. Conventional feed ingredients such as maize is the primary cereal as source of energy in broiler diet. High cost, availability and competition existing among man, industry and livestock has necessitated the need to find cheap and available alternative feedstuffs for maize in poultry diet. Rice husk is one of the alternative feedstuffs but characterized by high fibre content and Non-Starch Polysaccharide (NSP) (Dalibord, 2006). Thus, addition of the xylanase enzyme breaks the NSPs resulting in plant cell wall destruction after releasing the trapped nutrients such as starches and proteins within fibre-rich cell walls (Gade et al., 2017). Crude xylanase produced was used for enzymatic degradation of rice husk to improve its nutritional value. The rice husk was initially subjected to physical pre-treatment by soaking in water for 24 hours or ground to increase the surface area. Pre-treated rice husk was treated by spraying xylanase onto the rice husk at 100g/ 0.2mL representing the concentration level that recorded the best degradation of fibre content in the treated rice husk. Xylanase-treated rice husk (XTRH) was used with other ingredients in formulating a broiler chicken diet at different inclusion levels. The experiment was a complete randomized design with five experimental diets containing xylanase-treated rice husk at different inclusion levels 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg/100kg. The control diet contained no xylanase-treated rice husk (XTRH). There were five (5) treatments each with three (3) replicate cages of eight (8) broiler chicks totalling 120 birds for the feeding trial. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old chicks with an average weight of 54.85g were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments formulated with 0 (control), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (XTRH), and fed for eight weeks. There were three replicates of eight (8) birds per treatment. Results showed that the performance of Broiler chickens such as feed intake, and weight gain feed fed diet containing a 20% inclusion level of xylanase-treated rice husk was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to other treatment diets. This showed an improvement in the utilization of a high-fibre diet, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and carcass characteristics which can be beneficial to farmers in reducing the cost of feed, and increasing savings and profit margin. Conclusively, the application of xylanase produced by Aspergillus tubingensis on rice husk may have enhanced efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of its fibre fractions and improved its nutritional values. Supplementation of rice husk treated with xylanase at 100g/0.2mL concentration level and included at 20% in broiler chicken may enhance nutrient digestion and utilization and improve the growth performance of broiler chickens.
48
Kamalu, Beryl P., and Julius C. Agharanya. "The effect of a nutritionally-balanced cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) diet on endocrine function using the dog as a model 2. Thyroid." British Journal of Nutrition 65, no. 3 (May 1991): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910098.
Full textAbstract:
Growing dogs were divided into three groups and were fed on nutritionally-balanced diets. Control dogs were fed on a rice diet, the cassava (gari) group ate a diet in which gari provided the carbohydrate source, while the rice + cyanide group consumed the rice diet to which hydrocyanic acid (equivalent to that present in gari) was added. Each group consumed its diet for 14 weeks, during which plasma thiocyanate concentration and total serum triiodothyronine (T3) were monitored. At the end of the experiment the concentrations of the plasma free amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine, the thyroid weights and histology were determined. While plasma thiocyanate remained undetectable in control dogs, animals consuming both gari and rice + cyanide generated significant amounts. In the control dogs and the gari group, total serum T3 increased 40 and 38.8 % respectively from the basal level by the end of the period (P < 0.02). In contrast there was a decrease in T3 by 36% in the dogs fed on rice+cyanide (P < 0.05). This group also showed significant thyroid enlargement and a histological picture consistent with parenchymatous goitre, whereas the gari group was essentially normal. The relatively low mean thyroid weight, the rise in total serum T3 level and the normal histological appearance of the gland indicate that dogs that consumed the gari diet were essentially normal with respect to their thyroid function, in spite of their high blood thiocyanate content. In contrast, dogs that consumed rice with cyanide suffered from hypothyroidism and goitre. It is suggested that the gari diet, despite generating thiocyanate endogenously, when taken in a nutritionally-balanced diet with high-quality animal protein, has no deleterious effects on thyroid function.
49
Kawaguchi, Mana, Nao Nishikoba, Saki Shimamoto, Shozo Tomonaga, Rukana Kohrogi, Yoko Yamauchi, Yoshikazu Fujita, Akira Ohtsuka, and Daichi Ijiri. "Feeding the Outer Bran Fraction of Rice Alters Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rats." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020430.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary intake of fiber-rich food has been reported to contribute to multiple health benefits. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of a diet containing the outer bran fraction of rice (OBFR), which is rich in insoluble fiber, on the intestinal environment and metabolite profiles of rats. Fourteen 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a control group and an OBFR group. For a period of 21 days, the control group was fed a control diet, while the OBFR group was fed a diet containing 5% OBFR. Metabolomics analysis revealed drastic changes in the cecal metabolites of the rats fed the OBFR diet. Furthermore, in the plasma and liver tissue, the concentrations of metabolites involved in pyruvate metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, or valine, leucine, isoleucine degradation were changed. Concordantly, the OBFR diet increased the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways in the livers of the rats. Collectively, these results suggest that the OBFR diet altered the concentrations of metabolites in the cecal contents, plasma, and liver, and the hepatic gene expressions of rats, and that this may have mainly contributed to carbohydrate metabolism in the liver.
50
Kamalu, Beryl P. "Digestibility of a nutritionally-balanced cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) diet and its effect on growth in young male dogs." British Journal of Nutrition 66, no. 2 (September 1991): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910025.
Full textAbstract:
Experiments were carried out to study the digestibility of a cassava (gari) diet and its effect on growth in young male dogs. Three groups of dogs were fed on diets with rice (control), cassava (gari), and rice+cyanide respectively as the carbohydrate source. Each diet contained 130 g crude protein (nitrogenx6.25)/kg, was supplemented with vitamins and minerals, and was fed for 14 weeks. Variables measured were body-weight gain, bone growth, plasma alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) activity, total serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and some plasma free amino acids. The apparent digestibilities of dry matter, protein and fat were not significantly different in the three groups, but the digestibility of gari fibre was significantly lower than the digestibility of rice fibre when fed to dogs (P < 0.05). Proximate analysis of the faeces showed that the group of dogs fed on the gari diet had faeces which had a significantly higher moisture content than the faeces of the other groups (P < 0.05), and also a significantly higher fibre content (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in body-weight gain and bone growth between the control and gari-fed groups of dogs, but these variables were significantly lower in the dogs fed on the rice+cyanide diet (P < 0.05). At the end of the 14-week experimental period total serum T3 and plasma alkaline phosphatase activity were not significantly different between the control group of dogs and the gari-fed group, but were significantly lower in the rice+cyanide group. Plasma free methionine, leucine, isoleucine and valine concentrations were higher in the rice+cyanide group of dogs than in the control group and the gari group, indicating that these amino acids were accumulating and not being utilized for protein synthesis and growth to the same extent in the rice+cyanide group of dogs as in the other groups. It was concluded that the digestibilities of cassava starch and rice starch were the same in the dog but that rice fibre was more digestible in the dog than cassava fibre. It was also concluded that growth proceeded normally when a balanced gari diet or a balanced rice diet containing 130 g crude protein/kg was fed to dogs, but growth was retarded when a balanced rice+cyanide diet containing 130 g crude protein/kg was fed to dogs because total serum T3 concentration became greatly depressed.