Journal articles on the topic 'Ribbon fishes'
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V, Mary Kensa, and Anju M. "Screening of osmotolerant micro organisms in the dried salted fish sold in kanyakumari district, tamilnadu." Kongunadu Research Journal 7, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj.2020.7.
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Fish is one of the most important sources of animal protein available in the tropics and has been widely accepted as a good source of protein and other elements for the maintenance of healthy body. Salting and drying is an ancient and simple method to preserve fish and in India about 17% of the total catch is beingused for salting and drying. The present investigation was aimed to analyse the presence of osmotolerant microbes in the dry fishes. The commercially important marine edible salted dry fishes were collected from the study area Pallam. Four common edible dry fishes like (Nethili, Sardines, Ribbon fish and Prawn) wereselected for the screening of microbial population. The highest TFC value was reported in Sardine and Ribbon fish (5103) than the other fishes like Netthili and Prawn (4103 and 2103). The moisture content was higher (45%) in Prawn followed by Ribbon fish (40%), Sardines (29%), Netthili (26%). In this study,Prawn had high moisture content (45%) and high microbial load (5.3104 cfu/g). Total five fungal species were isolated from the selected dried fishes. The result of isolation of human pathogens such as Salmonella and Vibrio identified from the selected dry fish samples. The nutritive value of raw fish in found to be good.The sensory characteristics such as colour, odor, texture, insect infestation showed that the Sardine and Prawn was good in quality, while the netthili had decreased the quality. The study showed that salted and sundried fishes sold in study area are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria and fungal agents. Spoilage ofdried fish products was found and this might be due to unhygienic handling of the fisher folks, improper processing and unhygienic vendors and vending areas.
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Phillipps, W. J. "24. Agrostichthys, a new genus of Ribbon Fishes." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 94, no. 2 (August 21, 2009): 539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1924.tb01514.x.
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Jamil, MGM, MN Hossain, MM Mia, MA Mansur, and S. Uga. "Studies on the Proximate Composition, Quality and Heavy Metal Concentration of Sun-dried Bombay Duck and Sun-dried Ribbon Fish of Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 10, no. 1 (November 28, 2017): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v10i1.34694.
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Proximate composition, quality aspect and heavy metal concentration of sun-dried Bombay Duck (Harpodon nehereus) and sun-dried Ribbon fish (Trichiurus haumela) were studied in a series of laboratory experiments. Sun-dried fishes were collected from a fish market of Cox‟s Bazar town. These sun-dried marine fishes were collected from the stock after first drying procedure. Organoleptically most of these sun-dried fishes were in „B‟ grade that means in „Good‟ condition (SDP 2.33 and 2.35 respectively). Crude Protein, Lipid, Moisture, Ash, TVB-N and TMA-N content (%) of sun-dried Bombay Duck (Harpodon nehereus) was 32.21±1.05 %, 3.51±0.38 %, 37.26±0.70 %, 16.22±0.56 %, 115.45±1.73 mg/100g, 9.37±0.13 mg/100g respectively. Whereas in sun-dried Ribbon fish (Trichiurus haumela) the content (%) of Crude Protein, Lipid, Moisture, Ash, TVB-N and TMA-N was 31.64±1.28 %, 5.06±0.10 %, 35.78±0.97 %, 12.33±0.27 %, 107.69±1.37 mg/100g and 9.91±0.23 mg/100g respectively. Heavy metal concentration i.e. Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn concentration (ppm) in sun-dried Bombay Duck (Harpodon nehereus) was 0.82, 8.38, 8.28, 2.21, 55.38 ppm. Whereas heavy metal concentration (ppm) in sun-dried Ribbon fish (Trichiurus haumela) was Cd 0.48 ppm, Cr 6.96 ppm, Pb 5.46 ppm, Cu 1.40 ppm, Zn 19.95 ppm.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 55-60 2017
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Gentil, Eduardo, Adriano Prysthon, Carolyne Ribeiro Gomes Dias, Fernando Borges Silva, and Manoel Xavier Pedroza Filho. "Artificial attractors in small scale fisheries gillnets on Araguaia river, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2020): e913986364. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6364.
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The catch and selectivity effectiveness of two artificial attractors-AA (bright gray curly ribbon and green lightsticks) in gillnets was evaluated in order to increase the productivity and income of small scale fishermen. Five expeditions were carried on the Araguaia River, where the two AA treatments were applied to two thirds of the area of gillnets, leaving the remaining third without the use of attractors (control). For a better comparison, the catches were subdivided into ecological groups (carnivores, detritivores, herbivores and omnivores). 541 fish were caught, 197 in the curly ribbon, 177 lightstick and 167 in the control. Carnivorous fishes were predominant in all treatments (p = 0.025 for Kruskal Wallis test and p = 0.03 for Mann-Whitney test). The use of the ribbon and lighstick provided an increase in the catch of carnivorous teleost fish, providing a better gross profit margin. Due the low incomes and fragile economic situation of the fishing communities of Araguaia, the best technological choice in this study is the curly ribbon, as in addition to presenting better productivity, it is accessible low cost and easy to handle.
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Saha, Sristy, Sawda Jaman, Hafisha Khatun Anee, Ashfaqul Muid Khandaker, Mohammad Shamimul Alam, and Rowshan Ara Begum. "Molecular Identification of Ribbon Fish (Eupleurogrammus Sp.) Using Partial Sequence of Mitochondrial COI Gene." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 50, no. 2 (November 20, 2022): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v50i2.62055.
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Dry fish is considered as a delicacy in the menu of many people of Bangladesh. The most economically important marine and freshwater dried fishes are ribbon fish, bombay duck, olive barb, pomfret, shrimp, etc. In this study, fresh ribbon fish sample was collected from Cox's Bazar and morphologically identified as ribbon fish. The collected fish was confirmed through a molecular technique using mitochondrial COI gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) to avoid morphological ambiguity, which is first reported data from Bangladesh. Partial sequence of this COI gene was amplified using a genus specific universal primer set. The target nucleotide sequence of COI gene was determined successfully with 616 bp length and the ribbon fish was identified as Eupleurogrammus sp. Within the amplified region GC and AT content were 45.5% and 54.5%, respectively. 16.88% interspecific polymorphism was observed when compared with other species under genus Eupleurogrammus collected from Gen Bank database. This sequence will be used as molecular bar code for authentic identification of Eupleurogrammus sp. at genus level. Bangladesh J. Zool. 50 (2): 231-238, 2022
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Lekshmi, P. S. Swathi, R. Narayanakumar, and Shyam S. Salim. "Market Efficiency Indicators in Marine Fish Marketing in Goa, India." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 7 (June 15, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n7p112.
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The Indian State of Goa has a coastal length of 104 Kms and the State contributes 1.85% to the marine fish production of the country. A study was conducted to assess the market efficiency indicators such as Gross Marketing Margin, Percentage Share of Fisherman in the Consumers Rupee (PSFCR) and the Coefficient of variation. The study revealed that high value fishes such as cobia, silver Whiting, seer fishes, prawns and milk shark recorded a comparatively higher price spread. Varieties which recorded higher PSFCR were speckled prawn (72.86%), cobia (70.31%), seerfish (69.98%), Brown shrimps or ginga prawns (69.43%), pony fish (67.58%) and milk shark (65.61%). At the point of first sales, high value fishes such as cobia, seerfishes, prawns and silver biddy had a co-efficient of variation of less than 10% indicating a higher price stability. High value fishes such as ribbon fishes, seerfishes, cobia, indian white prawn, barracudas, brown prawns, speckled prawns, kadal shrimps and half beaks were among the list of fishes which recorded a low co-efficient of variation of less than 10% at the point of last sales.
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Ahsan, MK, SK Ghosh, NS Runa, MM Hasan, and M. Kamal. "Marketing channel and value chain analysis of Bombay duck and ribbon fish in Coxs Bazar area of Bangladesh." Progressive Agriculture 27, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v27i2.29334.
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A study was conducted to investigate marketing channel and value chain of two commercially important marine fish species in Coxs Bazar area, Bangladesh, namely, Bombay duck Harpodon nehereus and Ribbon fish, Trichiurus haumela. Three types of markets were found in the study namely primary, secondary and retail markets. The number of sample fishermen and intermediaries were 120. About 4 to 5 intermediaries were found to be involved in the each marketing chain and this group is believed to make huge profit, thus the prices of fishes were very high in the final consumer market. Marketing margin for fresh Bombay duck and ribbon fish were 29% and 28% and dried Bombay duck and dried ribbon fish were 35% and 19% of consumer purchase price, respectively. Poor transport facilities and huge number of intermediaries in the marketing channels were the main problems of marine fish marketing channel. Government intervention in the marketing channel is necessary for sustainable fish marketing systems.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 222-227, 2016
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Baker, Clare V. H., and Melinda S. Modrell. "Insights into Electroreceptor Development and Evolution from Molecular Comparisons with Hair Cells." Integrative and Comparative Biology 58, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icy037.
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Abstract The vertebrate lateral line system comprises a mechanosensory division, with neuromasts containing hair cells that detect local water movement (“distant touch”); and an electrosensory division, with electrosensory organs that detect the weak, low-frequency electric fields surrounding other animals in water (primarily used for hunting). The entire lateral line system was lost in the amniote lineage with the transition to fully terrestrial life; the electrosensory division was lost independently in several lineages, including the ancestors of frogs and of teleost fishes. (Electroreception with different characteristics subsequently evolved independently within two teleost lineages.) Recent gene expression studies in a non-teleost actinopterygian fish suggest that electroreceptor ribbon synapses employ the same transmission mechanisms as hair cell ribbon synapses, and show that developing electrosensory organs express transcription factors essential for hair cell development, including Atoh1 and Pou4f3. Previous hypotheses for electroreceptor evolution suggest either that electroreceptors and hair cells evolved independently in the vertebrate ancestor from a common ciliated secondary cell, or that electroreceptors evolved from hair cells. The close developmental and putative physiological similarities implied by the gene expression data support the latter hypothesis, i.e., that electroreceptors evolved in the vertebrate ancestor as a “sister cell-type” to lateral line hair cells.
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Sanjee, Sohana Al, and Md Ekramul Karim. "Microbiological Quality Assessment of Frozen Fish and Fish Processing Materials from Bangladesh." International Journal of Food Science 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8605689.
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The present study aims at the microbiological analysis of export oriented frozen fishes, namely, Jew fish, Tongue Sole fish, Cuttle fish, Ribbon fish, Queen fish, and fish processing water and ice from a view of public health safety and international trade. Microbiological analysis includes the determination of total viable aerobic count by standard plate count method and enumeration of total coliforms and fecal coliforms by most probable number method. The presence of specific fish pathogens such asSalmonellaspp. andVibrio choleraewere also investigated. The TVAC of all the samples was estimated below5×105 cfu/g whereas the total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were found below 100 MPN/g and 10 MPN/g, respectively, which meet the acceptable limit specified by International Commission of Microbiological Specification for Food. The microbiological analysis of water and ice also complies with the specifications havingTVAC<20 cfu/mL, and total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were below the limit detection of the MPN method. Specific fish pathogens such asSalmonellasp. andV. choleraewere found absent in all the samples under the investigation. From this study, it can be concluded that the investigated frozen fishes were eligible for export purpose and also safe for human consumption.
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Nguyen, Yen, Mai Nguyen, Quang Vu, Thanh Pham, Victor Koledov, Alexander Kamantsev, Alexey Mashirov, et al. "Investigation of magnetic phase transition and magnetocaloric effect of (Ni,Co)-Mn-Al melt-spun ribbons." EPJ Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818505001.
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Magnetic phase transition, magnetocaloric effect and critical parameters of Ni50-xCoxMn50-yAly (x = 5 and 10; y = 17, 18 and 19) rapidly quenched ribbons have been studied. X-ray diffraction patterns exhibit a coexistence of the L21 and 10M crystalline phases of the ribbons. Magnetization measurements show that all the samples behave as soft magnetic materials with a low coercive force less than 60 Oe. The shape of thermomagnetization curves considerably depends on Co and Al concentrations. The Curie temperature (TC) of the alloy ribbons strongly increases with increasing the Co concentration and slightly decreases with increasing the Al concentration. The Ni45Co5Mn31Al19 and Ni40Co10Mn33Al17 ribbons reveal both the positive and negative magnetocaloric effects. Under magnetic field change (ΔGH) of 13.5 kOe, the maximum magnetic entropy change (|ΔSm|max) of the Ni45Co5Mn31Al19 ribbon is about 2 and -1 J·kg−1·K−1 for negative and positive magnetocaloric effects, respectively. Basing on Arrott - Noakes and Kouvel - Fisher methods, critical parameters of the Ni45Co5Mn31Al19 ribbon were determined to be TC ≈ 290 K, β ≈ 0.58, γ ≈ 0.92 and δ ≈ 2.59. The obtained values of the critical exponents indicate that the magnetic order of the alloy ribbon is close to the mean-field model.
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Yen, Nguyen Hai, Nguyen Hoang Ha, Pham Thi Thanh, Kieu Xuan Hau, Tran Dang Thanh, and Nguyen Huy Dan. "NGHIÊN CỨU BIỂU HIỆN TỚI HẠN TRONG CÁC BĂNG HỢP KIM Fe88Co2Zr7B2Cu1." Dalat University Journal of Science 11, no. 4 (May 31, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.11.4.869(2021).
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In this work, we investigated the critical behavior of Fe88Co2Zr7B2Cu1 alloy ribbons prepared using a single-roller melt-spinning method. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the alloy is almost amorphous. This alloy undergoes a second-order ferromagnetic-paramagnetic (FM-PM) phase transition at room temperature (Curie temperature TC = 296 K). To investigate the nature of the FM-PM phase transition near the TC for the alloy, we performed a critical-exponent study. Based on modified Arrott plots, the Kouvel-Fisher method, and Widom’s scaling relation, a set of critical parameters were determined. The critical parameters are β = 0.545 ± 0.041 and γ = 1.109 ± 0.018 obtained from the modified Arrott plots; β = 0.547 ± 0.005 and γ = 1.105 ± 0.016 from the Kouvel-Fisher method, and d = 3.035 ± 0.059 from Widom’s scaling relation. These values are close to those expected for the mean-field model, revealing long-range FM interactions.
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Sackett, D. L. "Natural osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide stimulates tubulin polymerization and reverses urea inhibition." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, no. 2 (August 1, 1997): R669—R676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.2.r669.
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The natural osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is one of the methylamine compounds often accumulated by diverse organisms in response to osmotic stress and/or to compensate for the deleterious effects of urea. Tubulin polymerization is promoted by TMAO. At 1 M TMAO, tubulin polymers are produced with properties expected of normal steady-state microtubules (MT): polymerization is reversed by exposure to cold or the antimitotic drug podophyllotoxin, a critical concentration for polymerization at 30 degrees C of 1.5 microM is found, and the morphology of the polymers in electron micrographs is typical of MT and ribbons, or open MT. At 2 M TMAO, polymerization is very rapid and hyperstable polymers are formed. These are resistant to cold-induced depolymerization although still sensitive to podophyllotoxin inhibition. A lower critical concentration of 0.7 microM is observed, and electron micrographs reveal MT, ribbons, and other polymer forms not usually stable, such as splayed protofilaments. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization by low concentrations of urea (Sackett, D. L., B. Bhattacharyya, and J. wolff. Biochemistry 33: 12868-12878, 1994) is largely reversed by the presence of TMAO at one-half the molarity of urea, the physiological ratio observed in cartilaginous fishes. Other methylamines, including betaine, dimethylglycine, glycine, and sarcosine, failed to stimulate MT polymerization or protect against urea inhibition. Trimethylamine, taurine and glycylglycine inhibit polymerization. TMAO did not interfere with binding of MT-associated proteins (MAP) and protected both tubulin assembly and MAP binding from urea.
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Mašová, Š. "Structure of the cephalic end and eggs of female Cithariniella khalili Petter, Vassiliadès et Troncy, 1972 (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae), a parasite of African fishes." Helminthologia 49, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-012-0023-0.
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AbstractScanning electron microscopy was used to study the female surface morphological characteristics of the mouth opening (lips and such adjacent structures as amphids, papillae and chitinous ribbed flaps), caudal area (vulva, anus), and eggs with filaments on poles of the pharyngodonid species Cithariniella khalili Petter, Vassiliadès et Troncy, 1972, obtained from Synodontis frontosa Vaillant at Lake Turkana in north-western Kenya.
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Johnston, I. A., J. Calvo, H. Guderley, D. Fernandez, and L. Palmer. "Latitudinal variation in the abundance and oxidative capacities of muscle mitochondria in perciform fishes." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.1.1.
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The abundance, distribution and oxidative capacities of mitochondria have been investigated in the red pectoral fin adductor muscles of fish (Order Perciformes) that use a predominantly labriform style of swimming. Mediterranean Sea species from the families Labridae, Serranidae, Sparidae and Antarctic Nototheniidae and non-Antarctic Nototheniidae and Channichthyidae were studied. Sub-Antarctic species from the Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego, included the pelagic haemoglobin-less icefish (Champsocephalus esox) and the robalo (Eleginops maclovinus), which occurs as far north as 35 degrees S. In Champsocephalus esox, the mitochondrial volume density of red muscle was 0.51 and mitochondrial cristae surface density (43. 9 microm2 microm-3) was higher than reported for Antarctic icefishes. In the red-blooded, active pelagic or semi-pelagic species, mitochondrial volume density was within the range 0.27-0.33 regardless of habitat temperature. Amongst less active demersal species, mitochondrial volume density ranged from 0.29-0.33 in polar species to 0.08-0.13 in Mediterranean species. In Antarctic species and Champsocephalus esox, myofibrils occurred in ribbons or clusters one fibril thick entirely surrounded by mitochondria. The volume density of intracellular lipid droplets was not correlated with activity patterns or habitat temperature. In a comparison of Eleginops maclovinus caught in summer (approximately 10 degrees C) and winter (approximately 4 degrees C), mitochondrial volume density did not differ, whereas the surface density of mitochondrial clusters was higher in summer fish. The temperature-dependence of the state 3 respiration rate of isolated mitochondria with pyruvate as substrate was described by a single quadratic relationship for all species, indicating no significant up-regulation of the maximum rate of oxygen uptake per milligram mitochondrial protein in Antarctic species. Our results support the conclusion that increasing the volume and surface density of mitochondrial clusters is the primary mechanism for enhancing the aerobic capacity of muscle in cold-water fish.
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Kaeding, Allison J., Jennifer C. Ast, Meghan M. Pearce, Henryk Urbanczyk, Seishi Kimura, Hiromitsu Endo, Masaru Nakamura, and Paul V. Dunlap. "Phylogenetic Diversity and Cosymbiosis in the Bioluminescent Symbioses of “Photobacterium mandapamensis”." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 10 (March 16, 2007): 3173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02212-06.
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ABSTRACT “Photobacterium mandapamensis” (proposed name) and Photobacterium leiognathi are closely related, phenotypically similar marine bacteria that form bioluminescent symbioses with marine animals. Despite their similarity, however, these bacteria can be distinguished phylogenetically by sequence divergence of their luminescence genes, luxCDAB(F)E, by the presence (P. mandapamensis) or the absence (P. leiognathi) of luxF and, as shown here, by the sequence divergence of genes involved in the synthesis of riboflavin, ribBHA. To gain insight into the possibility that P. mandapamensis and P. leiognathi are ecologically distinct, we used these phylogenetic criteria to determine the incidence of P. mandapamensis as a bioluminescent symbiont of marine animals. Five fish species, Acropoma japonicum (Perciformes, Acropomatidae), Photopectoralis panayensis and Photopectoralis bindus (Perciformes, Leiognathidae), Siphamia versicolor (Perciformes, Apogonidae), and Gadella jordani (Gadiformes, Moridae), were found to harbor P. mandapamensis in their light organs. Specimens of A. japonicus, P. panayensis, and P. bindus harbored P. mandapamensis and P. leiognathi together as cosymbionts of the same light organ. Regardless of cosymbiosis, P. mandapamensis was the predominant symbiont of A. japonicum, and it was the apparently exclusive symbiont of S. versicolor and G. jordani. In contrast, P. leiognathi was found to be the predominant symbiont of P. panayensis and P. bindus, and it appears to be the exclusive symbiont of other leiognathid fishes and a loliginid squid. A phylogenetic test for cospeciation revealed no evidence of codivergence between P. mandapamensis and its host fishes, indicating that coevolution apparently is not the basis for this bacterium's host preferences. These results, which are the first report of bacterial cosymbiosis in fish light organs and the first demonstration that P. leiognathi is not the exclusive light organ symbiont of leiognathid fishes, demonstrate that the host species ranges of P. mandapamensis and P. leiognathi are substantially distinct. The host range difference underscores possible differences in the environmental distributions and physiologies of these two bacterial species.
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Silva, Valdecir Da, Vera Lúcia da Silva, Válter Da Silva, Dimítri De Araújo Costa, Francisco De Assis da Silva, Geuba Maria Bernardo da Silva, and Martin Lindsey Christoffersen. "ABUNDANCE OF TREES USED AS FOOD BY PRIMATES IN FRAGMENTS OF ATLANTIC FOREST." ENVIRONMENTAL SMOKE 1, no. 1 (December 7, 2018): 20–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32435/envsmoke.20181120-41.
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Forest fragmentation favours the propagation of some arboreal primate species that can alter the floristic composition of a community. This process may be associated with the loss of seed dispersants. In this work we propose to identify if the presence of frugivorous primates of medium and large size (Sapajus flavius and Alouatta belzebul) can influence forest diversity and structure. Further, we ask if the size of the fragment affects the availability of resources for these primates. Three fragments were studied in the Atlantic Forest of the State of Paraíba, Brazil, located in the municipalities of Sapé, Mamanguape, Rio Tinto, and Mataraca. In each area 25 plots of 50 x 4 m were delimited, randomly distributed along trails and transects. All trees with chest-high circumferences (CAP) above 12 cm found within the plots were marked with ribbons, and numbered continuously. A total of 114 plant species were documented in the Pacatuba Forest, 79 in the Asplan Forest, and 97 in the “Guaribas” (Sema III) Biological Reserve (REBIO) Forest. According to the Chao and Jacknife estimators, the REBIO Guaribas Forest can present more species than recorded in the present investigation. Species Tapirira guianensis, Protium giganteum and Protium heptaphyllum are the most abundant in the Asplan, Pacatuba and Sema III Forests, respectively. In the REBIO Guaribas Forest, the Shannon diversity index was (H') = 3.75, the Alpha-Fisher index was = 26.57 and the Simpson index (1-D) was = 0.90. Pacatuba was the forest fragment with the highest index of diversity (H') = 375, Alpha-Fischer = 33.74 and Simpson (1-D) = 0.95. Pacatuba and REBIO Guaribas Forsts possess greater Beta diversity. The results suggest that local and historical factors possibly increase Beta diversity, contributing to the increase in resources used as food by primates. Therefore, the presence of primates of medium and large size in the Pacatuba Forest may affect the diversity of resources, contributing to the dispersion of large fruits and seeds. The presence of primates of medium and large size can thus contribute to the preservation of floristic diversity in forest fragments.
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Friedman, S. M., A. Al-Den, and D. Porplycia. "P051: Management of subcutaneous abscesses in the emergency department." CJEM 20, S1 (May 2018): S74—S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.249.
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Introduction: We sought to characterize the management of uncomplicated subcutaneous abscesses (SA) by Canadian emergency physicians (EPs). Methods: Cross-sectional study of CAEP membership. Subjects were emailed an invitation to an online survey, and two biweekly reminders. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for association with age, and Chi Square and Fischers exact test were used for binary variables. Results: Response rate was 21.2 % (392 Reponses / 1850 surveyed). Duration of practice ranged from 30.2 % practising <= 5 years, to 25.7% practising >= 20 years. Teaching setting was described in 89.1% of responses. Irrigation with saline is performed by 57.1 % of EPs, tap water 2.1 %, or disinfectant 2.1% of EPs, with 39.1% not doing any irrigation. Approximately half (49.2%) typically do not pack or close wounds, while 40.6 % employ ribbon or gauze packing, and 1.6 % primary closure. Antibiotics are generally not prescribed by 16.8%. EPs prescribe antibiotics when suspecting surrounding cellulitis (84.2%), immunocompromised host (51.6%), MRSA (28.9%), or recurrence within 30 days (27.5 %). Cultures are taken almost always by 28.2%, half the time or less by 33.9%, never by 11.6%, and if MRSA is suspected by 33.9%. Follow-up instructions are with FP (56.7%), ED at 24 hours (5.91 %) or 48 hours (17.74 %), or not required (24.7%). Most EPs (90.9%) report having no standardized protocol for abscess management in their ED. EPs with fewer years in practice are more likely to make cruciate incisions (p=0.009), to generally not irrigate incisions (p=0.02), to culture if MRSA is suspected (p=0.02), and to prescribe antibiotics when suspecting MRSA (p=0.02) immune-compromised host (p=0.03), and in case of spontaneous treatment failure or recurrence (p=0.0004). EPs with more years in practice are more likely to pack with ribbon gauze (p=0.06), and to almost always swab for C&S (p=0.04) Conclusion: Practice variability and deviations from practice guidelines (i.e. IDSA, Choosing Wisely Canada) are noted. A knowledge translation exercise based on the guidelines for Canadian EPs would be useful.
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Dadda, Karima, Safia Alleg, Saida Souilah, Jason Daza, Joan Saurina, Joan-Josep Suñol, Lotfi Bessais, and El-Kebir Hlil. "Microstructure, Critical Behavior and Magnetocaloric Properties of Melt-Spun Ni51.82Mn32.37In15.81." Magnetochemistry 8, no. 12 (December 2, 2022): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8120179.
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Heusler alloy with an atomic composition of Ni51.82Mn32.37In15.81 was prepared by melt spinning from arc-melted ingots. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements were used to study the structural, microstructural and magnetic properties. The crystal structure consists of a mixture of B2 austenite (~50%) and 14M martensite (~50%). The alloy undergoes a second order magnetic transition at a Curie temperature of TcA=194.2 K. The hysteresis loop reveals the occurrence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The critical exponents β, γ and δ were estimated using modified Arrott plots, Kouvel–Fisher curves and critical isothermal analysis. The respective values are β=0.500±0.015, γ=1.282±0.055 and δ=3.003±0.002. The critical behaviour in ribbons is governed by the mean field model with a dominated long-range order of ferromagnetic interactions. The maximum entropy change, ∆SMmax, for an applied magnetic field of 5 T reaches an absolute value of 0.92 J/kg·K. The experimental results of entropy changes are in good agreement with those calculated using Landau theory.
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Robertson, Nicola, Karen McPherson, David Murray, Andrea Montgomery, Isobel Shaver, and Alison Gardner. "Improving health and wellbeing for children and young people who have experienced loss, change and bereavement." Educational Psychology in Scotland 18, no. 1 (2017): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsepis.2017.18.1.2.
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School performance may deteriorate, particularly in subjects that require high attentional demand, if a young person experiences loss and trauma (Streeck-Fischer & van der Kolk, 2000; Yule & Gold, 1993). There is much evidence to support the use of educational peer support programmes within school settings (Barnard et al., 1999; Ribbens-McCarthy, 2007; Ross & Hayes 2004; Worden, 1996). Seasons for Growth is an eight-week peer support programme for children and young people who have experienced loss, change and bereavement. Pre and post test tools were devised by the researchers to measure the impact of the intervention of attending a Seasons for Growth group. The tools corresponded with the Curriculum for Excellence health and wellbeing outcomes. Pupil, class teacher and parent/carer questionnaires were devised. The researchers considered whether there was an improvement in aspects of health and wellbeing as demonstrated by the Health and Wellbeing Scales, after the intervention of the Seasons for Growth Programme. Paired sample t-tests were conducted for: pupil data with pre and post measures for 75 participants; parent data with pre and post measures for 35 participants; and teacher data with pre and post measures for 64 participants. All were found to be highly significant for children who had experienced loss, change and bereavement. The limitations of this study are the small sample size and the limited number of authorities sampled. It would be informative to explore having a control measure in future research.
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Dumontier, Clark, Tim Jaung, Nupur E. Bahl, Emily S. Magnavita, Brad Manor, Marcia Testa, Dae Kim, Tammy T. Hshieh, Jane Driver, and Gregory A. Abel. "Virtual Versus in-Person Frailty Assessments in Older Adults with Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-150668.
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Abstract Introduction : Time and resource barriers limit widespread implementation of frailty assessment in oncology practice, and the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the number of in-person visits. To overcome these barriers, virtual geriatric assessments (GAs) have been developed, but lack important objective performance measures such as gait speed and cognitive tests-measures that are important predictors for poor outcomes in older patients with blood cancers (Liu et al., Blood, 2019; Hshieh et al., JAMA Oncol., 2018). We adapted an in-person frailty assessment to a virtual format that maintained both patient-reported and objective measures. Methods : Our cohort assessed in-person (February 2015 to March 2020; resumed June 2021 to July 2021) included all transplant-ineligible patients aged 75 years and older who presented to DFCI for initial consultation for their hematologic malignancy. On the same day as their initial consult, a research assistant administered to consented patients a screening geriatric assessment that assessed for 42 aging-related health deficits using patient-reported and objective performance measures spanning the domains of function, cognition, comorbidity, and mobility. From this assessment, frailty was measured using both the phenotypic (Fried et al., J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2001) and deficit-accumulation approaches (Rockwood et al., J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2007). The frailty phenotype uses five criteria to define a syndrome (slow gait speed, weakness [grip strength], self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss). The deficit-accumulation method calculates the proportion of deficits present in an individual out of the total number of possible deficits measured. To virtually adapt our assessment (Figure 1), patient-reported items were readily converted to questions administered over video- or teleconference. Of the objective measures, grip strength was replaced with self-reported grip strength. The Clock-in-the-Box test was changed to a simple clock draw that the patient completes and displays to the video camera for scoring. 4-meter gait speed is collected by teaching a caregiver to administer with a stopwatch and a 4-meter strip of ribbon. If video is unavailable, self-reported gait speed is measured instead. We expanded eligibility of virtual assessments to patients aged 70 and older. Geriatricians (C.D., T.H., and J.D.) and oncologists (G.A. and J.D.) reviewed the virtual GA for content validity. We measured the proportion of patients who consented and completed the virtual assessment. We assessed for differences in the distributions of age and frailty between virtual and in-person frailty assessments in patients 75 and older using Fisher exact (age) and Chi-square (frailty) tests. Results : Since starting our virtual frailty assessments in November 2020 through July 2021, 118 patients were enrolled and 89 (75%) completed assessments. Median age was 77.6 years (SD = 4.21), 55 (62%) were male, 38 (43%) had lymphoma, 32 (36%) had leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative disorders, and 19 (21%) had multiple myeloma. Of the 89 who completed virtual assessments, 67 (75%) completed the assessment over video with the remaining 22 (25%) over telephone. For the objective measures, 68 (76%) participants were able to complete the clock draw and 47 (53%) were able to complete the gait speed tests. The distribution of age (p = 0.78) and frailty categories (p = 0.49) in our virtual assessments was similar to that of our in-person assessments (Table 1). Conclusion : We developed and successfully delivered a virtual frailty assessment for older adults with blood cancers and found no evidence that frail patients or patients of the highest age categories were unable to complete them. These data suggest that virtual frailty assessment will allow decentralization of assessments even beyond the pandemic, potentially reaching more older adults with blood cancers. The ability to scale to more patients and measure frailty where it matters most-in their own homes-could help overcome barriers to frailty assessments in busy oncology clinics. Virtual frailty assessments also allow for serial measurement while on treatment to better understand and track the trajectory of frailty in this population. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Kim: Alosa Health: Other: Personal Fee; NIH: Other: Grants; Alosa Health: Other: Personal Fee.
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Manda Mhatre, Yojana Muniv, and Rani Thakre. "The Extraction of Pearl Essence from Different Types of Fishes." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, March 31, 2022, 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-3094.
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Pearl essence is extracted from fish scales. Guanine is an iridescent substance that is found in the epidermal layer and scales. In its crystalline form guanine reflects and refracts light and thus acts as a camouflage to fish. The suspension of guanine in a solvent is called “essence of pearls”. It was formerly used in cosmetics and paints. Guanine is lustrous material found in the epidermal layer and scales of most fishes like oil Sardine Mackerel, Herring and various carps bleak, ribbon fish etc. In United States herrings is one of the major species exploited for production of pearl essence.In India, ribbon fish is used for production of pearl essence. When guanine particles are deposited on the inside surface of solid beads, an optical effect similar to that of real pearl is obtained. Therefore, the present comparative study of extraction of pearl essence from scales of different types of fishes may play a decisive role in quantity of pearl essence from different types of fishes.
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Leena N. Meshram and Suman S. Pawar. "OrganolepticChanges in Trichiurus SPP.During Frozen Storage." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, March 31, 2022, 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-3085.
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Studies were conducted to evaluate the organoleptic changes in Trichiurus spp. (ribbon fish) during frozen storage. Ribbon fishes of 75-85cms standard length and weighing about 470-500 gms were procured in absolutely fresh condition from the local fish-landing centre at Colaba. Samples were analysed at 2 weeks intervals upto 10 weeks and thereafter at 4 weeks intervals upto 30 weeks. Fishes were assessed organoleptically based on general appearance, colour, flavour, texture and an arbitrary hedonic scoring scale of 10 to 1 was used in which ‘4’ was considered as the border line of acceptance. The organoleptic score was ‘10’ which decreased gradually and remained in the acceptable margin score of ‘4’ at the end of 22nd week of frozen storage at –18oC. Therefore, organoleptically the fish is acceptable upto 22 weeks of frozen storage. The fish retains its quality upto 14 weeks afterwards it shows the sign of deterioration.
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Hawkins, Olivia H., Víctor M. Ortega-Jiménez, and Christopher P. Sanford. "Knifefish turning control and hydrodynamics during forward swimming." Journal of Experimental Biology 225, no. 7 (April 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243498.
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ABSTRACT Rapid turning and swimming contribute to ecologically important behaviors in fishes such as predator avoidance, prey capture, mating and the navigation of complex environments. For riverine species, such as knifefishes, turning behaviors may also be important for navigating locomotive perturbations caused by turbulent flows. Most research on fish maneuvering focuses on fish with traditional fin and body morphologies, which primarily use body bending and the pectoral fins during turning. However, it is uncertain how fishes with uncommon morphologies are able to achieve sudden and controllable turns. Here, we studied the turning performance and the turning hydrodynamics of the black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons, N=6) which has an atypical elongated ribbon fin. Fish were filmed while swimming forward at ∼2 body lengths s−1 and feeding from a fixed feeder (control) and an oscillating feeder (75 Hz) at two different amplitudes. 3D kinematic analysis of the body revealed the highest pitch angles and lowest body bending coefficients during steady swimming. Low pitch angle, high maximum yaw angles and large body bending coefficients were characteristic of small and large turns. Asynchrony in pectoral fin use was low during turning; however, ribbon fin wavelength, frequency and wave speed were greatest during large turns. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) showed larger counter-rotating vortex pairs produced during turning by the ribbon fin in comparison to vortices rotating in the same direction during steady swimming. Our results highlight the ribbon fin's role in controlled rapid turning through modulation of wavelength, frequency and wave speed.
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Deepa, J., B. Sunil, C. Latha, K. M. Vrinda, M. Mini, and T. V. Aravindakshan. "Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in marine fishes, crustaceans and molluscs in Kozhikode district, Kerala#." Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 53, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.1.32-38.
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Campylobacteriosis is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis world over, with a self-limiting nature. Nevertheless some rare sequelae like Guillain-Barre syndrome, Reiter syndrome and reactive arthritis are evident. With poultry as a major reservoir, the organism is ubiquitous in nature and has been isolated from various sources like animals and the environment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in marine fishes (n=48), crustaceans (n=35) and molluscs (n=50) from Puthiyappa, a fish catchment area of coastal Kerala (India) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) in combination with conventional plating technique using Blood-free campylobacter broth and modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate (mCCD) agar. Campylobacter spp. was found to be present in marine fishes, crustaceans and molluscs at a level of 6.3, 8.6 and 28.0 per cent, respectively. The predominant species was Campylobacter jejuni in fishes, while Campylobacter coli was more prevalent in molluscs. Of the seasonally available fishes, the organism was found to be present in ribbon fish, pink perch, pony fish, while among molluscs, it was present in mussel, squid and clam. Only 8.3 and 6.0 per cent of Campylobacter spp. were recoverable from fishes and molluscs, respectively, on mCCDA plates. Campylobacter spp. in these marine fishes and shellfishes indicate that these can act as possible sources for the transmission of food-borne campylobacteriosis.
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Ortega-Jiménez, Victor M., and Christopher P. Sanford. "Beyond the Kármán gait: knifefish swimming in periodic and irregular vortex streets." Journal of Experimental Biology 224, no. 10 (May 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.238808.
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ABSTRACT Neotropical freshwater fishes such as knifefishes are commonly faced with navigating intense and highly unsteady streams. However, our knowledge on locomotion in apteronotids comes from laminar flows, where the ribbon fin dominates over the pectoral fins or body bending. Here, we studied the 3D kinematics and swimming control of seven black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons) moving in laminar flows (flow speed U∞≈1–5 BL s−1) and in periodic vortex streets (U∞≈2–4 BL s−1). Two different cylinders (∼2 and ∼3 cm diameter) were used to generate the latter. Additionally, fish were exposed to an irregular wake produced by a free oscillating cylinder (∼2 cm diameter; U∞≈2 BL s−1). In laminar flows, knifefish mainly used their ribbon fin, with wave frequency, speed and acceleration increasing with U∞. In contrast, knifefish swimming behind a fixed cylinder increased the use of pectoral fins, which resulted in changes in body orientation that mimicked steady backward swimming. Meanwhile, individuals behind the oscillating cylinder presented a combination of body bending and ribbon and pectoral fin movements that counteract the out-of-phase yaw oscillations induced by the irregular shedding of vortices. We corroborated passive out-of-phase oscillations by placing a printed knifefish model just downstream of the moving cylinder, but when placed one cylinder diameter downstream, the model oscillated in phase. Thus, the wake left behind an oscillating body is more challenging than a periodic vortex shedding for an animal located downstream, which may have consequences on inter- and intra-specific interactions.
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LAKRA, W. S., RAMKUMAR S, and A. GOPALAKRISHNAN. "Marine fisheries and biodiversity management in Maharashtra: Status, challenges and opportunities." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 91, no. 2 (August 12, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v91i2.113813.
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Fisheries plays a pivotal role in the economy, food security, foreign exchange earnings and employment of the coastal population. Maharashtra is bestowed with a coastline of 720 km spread over 7 coastal districts, viz. Thane, Palghar, Mumbai city, Mumbai suburban, Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg along the Arabian sea with rich marine fishery resources. There are 25 fishing zones in the seven districts with 173 fish landing centres. The total marine fish production from the state during 2018-19 was 4.6 MT valued at `6298 crores (DOF, Government of Maharashtra). The state offers huge potential for the sustainable utilization of the marine bioresources for fisheries, mariculture, coastal aquaculture and post -harvest development and exports. Maharashtra falls under the North- West coast which contributes the highest (32.8%) in the total catch during 2019-20. The major share is contributed by pelagic resources (39%), followed by crustaceans (31%), demersal comprising 22% and molluscs (7%). The prominent species/groupwise landings include non-penaeid shrimp (21%), penaeid shrimp (9%), Bombay duck and croakers (8.2%), Indian mackeral (6.9%), threadfin breams (5.9%), squids (5.1%), ribbon fishes (4.1%), golden anchovy (4%), horse mackerel (3.5%), cuttle fish (2.1%), silver pomfret (2.0%). The trawl fishing accounted for 55%, set bagnet (SBN/Dolnet) 23%, purse seines (15%) and gillnet (7%) (CMFRI Annual Report 2019).
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SINGH, R. K., A. K. BALANGE, P. A. KHANDAGALE, and S. L. CHAVAN. "Evaluation of Fish Meals as Natural Feed Stimulants on the Feeding Behaviour of Fry and Juveniles of Lates calcarifer (Bloch)." Asian Fisheries Science 19, no. 2 (June 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.33997/j.afs.2006.19.2.001.
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Six purified diets were prepared for this experiment. Five of these six diets contained fish meals of five different fishes namely Bombay duck, Anchovy, Lesser sardine, Ribbon fish and shrimp head as natural stimulants for sea bass fry and juveniles. These five diets were prepared by adding 10% of each stimulant by weight in the purified diet. The sixth diet (F) was without stimulant and considered as control. The experiment was conducted on sea bass fry, 20 (+0.02) mm total length and juvenile, 217 (+0.15) mm total length by using one fish and two fish per tank respectively. The results indicated that Bombay duck meal containing diet i.e. diet ‘A’ has significant stimulating effect on the feeding behaviour of fry and also in juveniles of sea bass although the positive responses were higher in the case of juveniles (30 in case of fry and 34 in case of juveniles). Further, there were 34 positive responses in the case of two juvenile sea bass per tank experiment where as it was 30 in the case of two fry per tank experiment. The feeding responses were significantly different with two fish per tank as compared to one fish per tank showing that the number of fish had an influence on the feeding behaviour of both fry and juveniles. However, no feeding response was observed in the control diet. The study also revealed that Bombay duck meal is better and superior as feeding stimulant over the other fish meals for the Sea bass fry and juveniles.