Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rhubarbe – Emploi en thérapeutique'
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Abi, Aad Elizabeth. "Impact de la Détente Instantanée Contrôlée (DIC) sur l’extraction des molécules bioactives de rhizomes de Rheum ribes L." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS008.
Full textRheum ribes L. (rhubarb) is one of the most important Mediterranean medicinal plants. Preparing its rhizomes’ aqueous decoctions has become common among patients suffering from various diseases. Instant Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC) is a High-Temperature Short-Time treatment (HTST) followed by an abrupt pressure drop towards the vacuum (approximately 5 kPa). This technology increases the expansion and reduces the tortuosity of the treated matrix to ensure better diffusivity of the extraction solvents and greater availability of the active molecules. On the one hand, our research aimed at the impact of DIC treatment on the rhizomes of a Lebanese species of R. ribes L. The evaluations were based on the contents of total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) as well as the antioxidant capacities of aqueous extracts of the treated rhizomes. The results showed a negative correlation between the saturated steam pressure applied and the values of TPC, TFC, and the antioxidant activities of the samples. However, DIC treatment time had no significant influence on the response variables. In addition to these two DIC operating factors (pressure and treatment time), the effect of the rhizomes water content (W) was also studied. The results showed that the increase of “W” does not lead to better yields of phenolic compounds. On the other hand, this study presents the impact of DIC treatment on the biological activities (antibacterial and antiproliferative effects) of rhizome extracts. The results revealed that the aqueous extracts of DIC-treated rhizomes show weak antibacterial powers on E. coli and S. aureus, with slightly superior results in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus. Regarding the viability test of melanoma cancer cells, the results showed that the DIC treatment positively impacts the antiproliferative power of the treated samples compared with the untreated point (aqueous MP). In particular, two samples among those tested recorded an antiproliferative power of 60%. The HPLC and UHPLC assays revealed the presence of three anthraquinones (emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion) in the rhizome extracts and about twenty compounds from the flavonoid family. However, the amounts of anthraquinones detected are not significantly higher in the extracts treated with DIC than in the untreated ones. Finally, it was found that the total phenolic content of an aqueous sample treated with the optimal DIC parameters is equal to that of an untreated hydroalcoholic sample. Further experiments will be necessary to validate this result
Cissokho, Sophie. "Emploi de l'interleukine-2 en thérapeutique humaine." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P003.
Full textPham, Van Cuong. "Acylphénols de Myristica maingayi et M. Gigantea (Myristicaceae) : Alcaloïdes de Myrioneuron nutans (Rubiaceae) : Structure - Synthèse - Bioactivité." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0010.
Full textThe purpose was the research for cytotoxic and/or antimalarial compounds from three plants of South-East Asia, Myristica maingayi, M. Gigantea (Myristicaceae) and Myrioneuron nutans (Rubiaceae) screened for the cytotoxicity of their extracts against KB cells and their antiplamodial activity. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis, including mass spectrometry and 2D NMR, and were confirmed by semisynthesis and/or total synthesis. From the EtOAc extract of the M. Maingayi and M. Gigantea fruits, eight new compounds were isolated together with the previously described malabaricones A-C. The structures of giganteones A and B suggested that they were biosynthesized from two units of malabaricone C. They were synthesized by enzymatic coupling of malabaricone C. From the CH2Cl2 extract of the leaves of Myrioneuron nutans, ten new alkaloids were isolated, together with schoberine. These alkaloids, forming a new family named "Myrioneuron alkaloids", have different ring junctions and form four novel alkaloid skeletons : tricyclic oxazines : myrioxazines A and B, - tetracyclic oxazine : myrioneurinol, - tricyclic cis-decahydroquinoline derivatives: myrionine, (E) and (Z)-N-formylmyrionines, hexacyclic cis-decahydroquinoline derivative : myrobotinol. The absolute configurations were established and the total stereospecific synthesis of the tri- and tetra-cyclic alkaloids was performed. The N-in form of the cis-decahydroquinoline ring system was observed in the crystal structure of myrionine hydrochloride and the N-out form in that of its hydroiodide. The relative stability of the conformers of some 9-a et 9-b-alkyl alkyl-cis-decahydroquinolines was examined by NMR and confirmed by theoretical energy calculations. Myrionidine, its enantiomer and epimers, and the two diastereoisomers R-MTPA and S-MTPA-myrobotinols had the strongest activity in the cytotoxic and antimalarial bioassays
Fleury, Nathalie. "Les sangsues : intérêt thérapeutique." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P037.
Full textBlandeau, Jérôme. "Le cannabis et son usage thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P089.
Full textGarcía, Pérez Martha Estrella. "Analyse des effets pharmacologiques d'extraits polyphénoliques issus d'essences canadiennes pour le traitement du psoriasis." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24229.
Full textPsoriasis is an incurable skin disorder characterized by an important inflammation. Clinically approved antipsoriatic treatments present many undesirable effects, therefore it has been estimated that a non negligeable percent of patients use natural health products. Natural polyphenols are multifunctional molecules that could be used for the treatment of multi-causal diseases, such as psoriasis. The aim of this work was to study the pharmacological effect of polyphenolic extracts obtained from barks of Canadian species in order to evaluate their possible utilisation for psoriasis treatment. Extracts from barks of some Canadian species were firstly analyzed for their antioxidant, toxicological and antiproliferative properties. The black spruce (Picea mariana) extract obtained by hot water extraction was considered as the most valuable crude extract obtained from barks of Canadian species. Then, the purification of this extract was performed in order to produce a fraction enriched in polyphenols and the nature of major compounds present in the purified extract was determined using different chemical analysis methods. A total of 28 compounds were identified in the purified extract, including trans-resveratrol, which was determined to be present at significant level in the bark of Picea mariana (104.19 µg.g-1 dried bark). Finally, the influence of the purified extract on the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway on psoriatic keratinocytes was evaluated. It was found that this extract has the capacity to inhibit the ICAM-1 expression as well as the production of IL-6, IL-8, fractalkine; VEGF, nitric oxide and elafin by psoriatic keratinocytes upon TNF-α stimulation, which was attributed to the inhibition of TNFα-induced NF-κB activation in these cells. This study provides new insight into the immunopharmacological role of a polyphenolic extract in impacting the TNF-induced responses by psoriatic keratinocytes. Additionally, it opens new perspectives for the analysis of the individual role of polyphenolic compounds present in this extract for psoriasis treatment.
Sallier, Ingrid. "Cannabinoi͏̈des non psychotropes : applications en thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P085.
Full textMbodji, Khaly. "Modulation nutritionnelle de l'inflammation intestinale par les pharmaconutriments : effet de la glutamine et des acides gras omega-3." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUENR10.
Full textLe, Moal-Sommaire Annick. "L'Imaginaire du clown : approche historique, anthropologique et psychanalytique d'un médiateur thérapeutique venu d'ailleurs." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070058.
Full textSince 1994, in the section for adults of the day-hospital of Dreux, Môssieu Gaga, a therapist-clown, wanders around on Fridays among the different work-groups, takes part in the "nursing-nursed" meeting and has a meal with all of them. After having fun on the bench during the coffee-break, he plays "Family-games" inspired by psychodrama unless he tells or let him tell face to face stories. With his accessories and pieces of string, he builds an imaginary world where "game is present". In this transitional space where weapons such as laugh, humour, derision and subversion are used, language and its poetic function get a high rank. This research aims at clarifying the pertinence of the clown delocation, from the circus to the psychiatric hospital. Therefore, it seems inevitable to study the beginning of this character, at first as a "small part", and to define his playground, the ring. Behind the obvious uselessness of this red nose, as the smallest mask of the world, the seriousness of this relies of the past comes out, a symbolic tool for controlling anguish, connected with the fear of strange, a link between Animal and Human. This baroque mediator who ensures the victory of illusion and impulse, works as a dramatic turn to events in this moment of fertile breaking off when a new form of organization can take place. His out of space therapeutic role takes all his efficiency with the borderline patients
Bougeard, Yves-Henri. "Effet d'un inhibiteur spécifique des phosphodiestérases dans le traitement de l'asthme." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11179.
Full textMontane, Jean-Louis. "Etude comparative de Lycosa tarentula et Latrodectus mactans, et leurs utilisations homéopathiques." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P057.
Full textVandière, de Vitrac Guénola de. "Pharmacogénétique : étude sur le sulfoxyde de la S-carboxyméthyl-L-cystéine SCMC." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P137.
Full textLaham, Antoun. "Nouvelles perspectives offertes par l'administration de liposomes d'adénosine triphosphate (A. T. P. ) dans l'ischémie cérébrale expérimentale." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA114812.
Full textKubiak, Christine. "Mise au point d'immunonanosphères : perspectives pour le ciblage et le diagnostic "in vitro"." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA114823.
Full textRicard, Catherine. "Optimisation de la stabilité physique des mélanges ternaires destinés à la nutrition parentérale : rôle élémentaire, synergie d'action et définition de critères de choix des divers nutriments." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON13515.
Full textBernard, Florence. "Les Grindélias : utilisation en allopathie et homéopathie." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P041.
Full textElamrani, Faiza. "Apport de la médecine traditionnelle arabe et en particulier marocaine à la thérapeutique à propos du fenugrec et du henne notamment." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10500.
Full textSoignard, Christine. "La belladone, "Atropa belladonna" L. , en thérapeutique." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2P0XX.
Full textNguyen-Pham, Nhu-Mai. "Héroi͏̈ne et opiacés : usage illicite et étude analytique." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P141.
Full textBoyer, Christel. "La prune en thérapeutique des temps anciens à nos jours." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2P011.
Full textCiarlini, Teixeira Maria-Glaucia. "Etude du passage transplacentaire des dérivés morphiniques : fentanyl - alfentanil - sufentanil." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30138.
Full textTuil, Karine. "Influence des lécithines sur les caractéristiques galéniques des émulsions lipidiques injectables." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P011.
Full textEl, Oukkal-Sebban Ghislaine. "Les dérivés du platine et chimiothérapie anticancéreuse." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2P060.
Full textJourdan, Jean-François. "Utilisation des céphalosporines et fluoroquinolones en pratique de ville : résultats d'une enquête auprès des praticiens héraultais." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11127.
Full textPrat, Frédéric. "Effets tissulaires et cellulaires de la cavitation induite par les ondes de choc et recherche d'applications en cancérologie digestive." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T267.
Full textCaporiccio, Bertrand. "Recherche sur quelques activités biologiques d'un polysaccharide sulfate acide : extrait et caractérisé chez une algue marine Asparagopsis armata (Rhodophycee, Bonnemaisoniale)." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0185.
Full textMauduit, Jacques. "Nouveaux systèmes antibiotiques à libération contrôlée à base de gentamycine et de polymères biorésorbables." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUES008.
Full textLejeune, Christiane. "L'or, un métal pas comme les autres." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT377P.
Full textAuché-Veaux, Anne. "Essais d'application des effets thérapeutiques de la Bryone en pathologie humaine." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25067.
Full textVinit, Florence. "Phénoménologie du toucher dans le champ des pratiques soignantes contemporaines." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20045.
Full textBourson, Anne. "Les dérives de l'arsenic et leur application." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10555.
Full textPavloff, Christian. "Traitement de l'asthme aigu grave : essai comparatif théophylline versus salbutamol." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11275.
Full textLafragette-Négrier, Marie-Sylvie. "Facteurs pronostiques des carcinomes rénaux métastasiques." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T023.
Full textWurm, Geneviève. "Le houblon, humulus lupulus L : une plante à potentialité thérapeutique." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10499.
Full textKeunebroek, Jean-Philippe. "Les proanthocyanidols du pin maritime et du cyprès." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P006.
Full textGirod, Philippe. "Ananas comosus (L. ) Merr. Et ses enzymes protéolytiques : les bromélaines." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P032.
Full textCallebert, Jacques. "Implication de l'adénosine et de la prostacycline dans la régulation métabolique de la circulation cérébrale." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P503.
Full textSouillac, Vincent. "Etude de procédés d'extraction de la matrice organique dans l'exosquelette du corail Porites Lutea : propriet́és physico-chimiques et biocompatibilité." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21088.
Full textThe use of coral as a bone substitute started more than 25 years ago. However, following the discovery of significant septic problems, the use of coral progressively declined while the use phosphocalcic substitutes climbed ever since. In this study we focused on the use of coral Porites Lutea and the various treatments used to remove proteins with their impacts on the coral crystal structure and mechanical properties. Local (micro waves) and global heat treatments, the use of hydrogen peroxide under various pressures, and the use of ethanol under both sub and supercritical conditions were evaluated. The global heat treatment and the supercritical use of ethanol appeared to result in adequate protein extraction. However, the heat treatment induced the transformation of the crystal phase from aragonite to calcite, resulting in a significant decrease of the coral mechanical resistance. Interestingly, the supercritical technology, using ethanol, resulted in the complete removal of the protein matrix without changing the coral crystal phase
Bourdelet, Anne. "Amélioration du procédé de purification du C. 1740 P. A." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P219.
Full textArezki, Anush. "Synthesis and biological evaluation of organometallic derivatives of curcumin intended for therapeutic use." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066603.
Full textGrinberg-Bleyer, Yenkel. "Stimulation des lymphocytes T régulateurs chez la souris : implications dans la physiopathologie et la thérapie du diabète auto-immun." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066433.
Full textChaillou, Mathieu. "Recherche de preuves précliniques et cliniques dans le cadre du développement du complément alimentaire : utilisation de marqueurs membranaires, la NA+, K+-ATPase et les acides gras polyinsaturés." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT1405.
Full textMangin, Florence. "Contribution à l'étude des émulsions injectables à base d'huile de soja et de phospholipides." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P609.
Full textGué, Karl-Indel. "Étude du potentiel neuroprotecteur des oméga-3 et du potentiel neurorestaurateur du tréhalose, en vue d'une approche thérapeutique par voie alimentaire dans un modèle murin de la maladie de Parkinson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28680/28680.pdf.
Full textDesmurs, Silvia. "Intérêt de L-aspartate de L-arginine dans les traitementsde stimulation ovarienne : rédaction du protocole de l'essai clinique." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT1514.
Full textFabre, Jean-François. "Kalium bichromicum : usages homéopathiques et allopathiques." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P056.
Full textBouthors, Audrey. "L'aubépine : botanique, polyphénols, activités antioxydantes." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P095.
Full textAlloing, Geneviève. "Etude de l'organisation moléculaire et de la fonction du locus ami de Streptococcus pneumoniae." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30083.
Full textRouthier, Sonia. "Nouvelles approches pour la prise en charge de l’anomie dans l’aphasie post-accident vasculaire cérébral et dans l'aphasie primaire progressive." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25362.
Full textINTRODUCTION : L’aphasie est un trouble acquis du langage qui peut survenir à la suite d’un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) ou dans le cadre d’une démence. Les individus souffrant d’aphasie présentent presque tous de l'anomie, soit des difficultés à trouver les mots pour nommer les objets, les actions, les personnes. Le pronostic de l’aphasie dépend de plusieurs facteurs dont l’efficacité de l’intervention orthophonique. Classiquement, l’intervention pour l’anomie consiste à fournir des indices phonologiques, sémantiques ou orthographiques pour favoriser le réapprentissage des mots. Récemment, de nouvelles interventions qui reposent sur l’observation d’actions ou l’utilisation des technologies (ex., tablettes électroniques) émergent dans les écrits scientifiques. Des études sont nécessaires pour en documenter l’efficacité. OBJECTIFS : L’objectif général du projet doctoral est d’évaluer l’efficacité de nouvelles approches orthophoniques pour le traitement de l’anomie. Plus spécifiquement, l’étude 1 compare une approche sémantique-phonologique et une approche par observation d’actions pour la rééducation de l’anomie des verbes en aphasie post-AVC. L’étude 2 mesure l’efficacité d’une intervention auto-administrée via tablette électronique pour l’anomie des verbes en aphasie post-AVC. L’étude 3 mesure l’efficacité d’une intervention compensatoire via téléphone intelligent pour l’anomie dans le cadre d’une démence (variante sémantique de l’aphasie primaire progressive (vsAPP)). MÉTHODE : Des études de cas unique ont été réalisées auprès de patients présentant une anomie post-AVC ou dégénérative (vsAPP). Quatre phases ont été complétées: (1) Évaluation cognitive, (2) Mesures des performances pré-traitement, (3) Traitement, (4) Mesures des performances post-traitement. RÉSULTATS : La rééducation de l’anomie des verbes via l’observation d’action (étude 1) n’a pas permis l’amélioration de la dénomination des verbes. L’utilisation d’indices sémantiques et phonologiques a toutefois permis d’améliorer la dénomination des verbes, autant lors de l’intervention en présence du thérapeute (étude 1) que lors d’une intervention auto-administrée via une tablette électronique (étude 2). La prise en charge de l’anomie via un téléphone intelligent a été efficace pour compenser les déficits du patient de l’étude 3. CONCLUSION : Une prise en charge efficace de l’anomie est possible et primordiale afin de favoriser une communication optimale et fonctionnelle des individus qui en souffrent. Les présents résultats s’ajoutent au peu d’études actuellement disponibles concernant la mise en place de ces nouveaux traitements pour l’anomie.
Vinard, Elisabeth. "Étude rétrospective des causes d'échec des prothèses vasculaires implantées chez l'homme." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO1T148.
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