Journal articles on the topic 'Rhizomes'
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1
Rusmin, Devi, M. R. Suhartanto, S. Ilyas, Dyah Manohara, and E. Widajati. "Growth Pattern, Biochemical and Physiological Characteristics to Determine Harvesting Time of Big White Ginger Rhizome Seeds." Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 29, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bullittro.v29n1.2018.9-20.
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<p>The use of young seed rhizomes became one of the obstacles in large white ginger (JPB) cultivation. Young ginger rhizomes rapidly shrank and decrease their viability. The experiment was aimed to study growth patterns, biochemical changes, and physiology of ginger plants to produce good quality rhizome seeds. JPB rhizome seeds used were 9 months old, have been stored for 2 weeks after harvest, weighed 30-40 g with 2-3 buds, healthy, and given seed treatment. The rhizomes were planted in growth medium in polybags (60 cm x 60 cm). The study was conducted by direct observation, repeated 4 times, consisting of 50 plants per replication. Observations were made on the plant growth patterns (plant height, stem length, tillers number, leaves number); rhizome development (fresh weight, branch rhizomes number, moisture content, and dry weight during growth); starch and hormonal content (IAA, gibberellin, ABA and cytokinin) of the rhizomes; and viability of rhizome seeds (growth rate, seed height, and dry weight). The results showed that the rhizomes of the 7-month-old ginger after planting (MAP) has entered the ripening phase, the rhizome morphology was optimal, and the starch content was not different from the rhizome seeds at 8 and 9 MAP. In addition, physiologically, the rhizome's growth potential was maximal (100%), growth rate (4.3% etmal<sup>-1</sup>), and seed height (33.8 cm) were better than 8 MAP (80%, 2.9% etmal<sup>-1</sup>, 33.7 cm) and 9 MAP (70%, 2.3% etmal<sup>-1</sup>, 29.4 cm). This study indicated that ginger rhizomes harvested from 7 months old plants can be used for seeds.</p>
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Kim, Jung-Hoon, Eui-Jeong Doh, and Guemsan Lee. "Chemical Differentiation of Genetically Identified Atractylodes japonica, A. macrocephala, and A. chinensis Rhizomes Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Chemometric Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (August 2, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4860371.
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The rhizome of Atractylodes japonica, which is a herbal medicine used for gastrointestinal therapeutics, has been categorized with A. macrocephala rhizome or A. chinensis rhizome based on different therapeutic criteria in Korea, China, and Japan. In the present study, 61 A. japonica, A. macrocephala, and A. chinensis rhizomes were collected from Korea and China and were genetically identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing analysis. Chromatographic profiles were obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the methanol and hot-water extracts of Atractylodes rhizomes and chemical differentiation of the rhizomes was carried out using chemometric statistical analyses such as principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. The results from chromatographic profiles and chemometric analyses demonstrate that A. japonica rhizomes showed apparent chemical differences from A. macrocephala and A. chinensis rhizomes in the methanol extracts. In contrast, no clear distinction was apparent for the hot-water extracts of Atractylodes rhizomes, especially A. chinensis rhizomes. These results indicate that there is a clear chemical difference between A. japonica and A. macrocephala rhizomes; however, the chemical diversity of A. chinensis rhizome shows different chemical relationships with A. japonica or A. macrocephala rhizome, dependent on the chemical features.
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Corr, Brian E., and Richard E. Widmer. "Paclobutrazol, Gibberellic Acid, and Rhizome Size Affect Growth and Flowering of Zantedeschia." HortScience 26, no. 2 (February 1991): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.2.133.
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Growth and flowering of Zantedeschia elliottiana W. Wats. and Z. rehmannii Engl. were studied. Rhizomes of both species were produced either in a glasshouse or outdoors in California. Plants grown from glasshouse-produced rhizomes flowered within 90 days only when a preplant rhizome soak of 500 ppm GA, was applied. Control plants of both species flowered when grown from field-produced rhizomes, but a GA3 preplant rhizome soak significantly increased the number of flowers (spathe and spadix) produced. Paclobutrazol, applied as a preplant rhizome soak or as a soil drench when shoots were 2 to 3 cm long, significantly limited plant height of Z. rehmannii from either source if not treated with GA,. Paclobutrazol and GA, treatments interacted significantly to affect height and number of flowers of Z. rehmannii grown from field-produced rhizomes. Treatment with GA3 overcame the dwarfing effect of paclobutrazol, while paclobutrazol treatment limited flower production. Z. rehmannii rhizomes >6.5 cm in diameter produced more shoots and leaves than smaller rhizomes, regardless of GA3 treatment. Emergence, number of shoots, and number of leaves from Z. elliottiana were not significantly affected by the rhizome size-GA3 variable combination. Production of normal flowers was increased by GA3 treatment of all sizes of Z. rehmannii rhizomes except the smallest, with the most flowers being produced by plants from the largest rhizomes. Production of deformed flowers was greatest from rhizomes treated with 500 ppm GA3, with no deformed flowers on control plants.
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Corr, Brian E., and Richard E. Widmer. "Rhizome Storage Increases Growth of Zantedeschia elliottiana and Z. rehmannii." HortScience 23, no. 6 (December 1988): 1001–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.1001.
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Abstract Zantedeschia elliottiana Engl. and Z. rehmannii W. Wats. rhizomes replanted immediately after leaf removal (without a period of storage) did not grow. Rhizomes replanted after leaf senescence, induced by withholding water, sprouted without an additional storage period, but height and number of leaves and shoots per rhizome were greater from rhizomes stored for ≥3 weeks. Rhizomes stored at 22°C for 6 weeks lost significantly more weight than rhizomes stored at 4° or 9°. Height and number of leaves and shoots per rhizome were greatest after 9° storage for both species, but differences were significant for Z. rehmannii only.
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Silalahi, Marina, Nisyawati, Endang C. Purba, Daichiro W. Abinawanto, and Riska S. Wahyuningtyas. "Ethnobotanical Study of Zingiberaceae Rhizomes as Traditional Medicine Ingredients by Medicinal Plant Traders in the Pancur Batu Traditional Market, North Sumatera, Indonesia." Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology 4, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46359/jte.v4i2.54.
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Traditional markets are places for buying and selling medicinal plants and are a source of ethnobotany research data. This study aims to determine the uses and characteristics of Zingiberaceae rhizomes have been used as traditional medicine and traded in the traditional market of Pancur Batu, North Sumatra. This research was conducted with an ethnobotany approach through surveys, interviews and observation participatory. The respondents are all medicinal plants traders in the Pancur Batu traditional market. The things that were asked of the traders included local names, special characters, benefits, and how to recognize the rhizome. The medicinal plant traders in the Pancur batu traditional market have been utilized and traded as many as 10 species of Zingiberaceae rhizome, most of them belonging Curcuma and Zingiber genera. The characteristics of rhizomes are recognized by traders through their size, color, and aroma. The cross-section of the rhizomes of each species is different in structure and color which is used as the main marker for each species. Rhizoma Zingiberaceae is used as the main ingredient for tawar (semi-solid medicinal herbs consumed by brewing), parem (solid medicinal ingredients), and oukup (traditional Karo sauna). The rhizome aroma of each species belonging Zingiberaceae is very distinctive which is related to the content of essential oils. The use of Zingiberaceae rhizomes as tawar and parem ingredients needs to be studied further so that they are developed into standardized herbs.
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Salachna, Piotr, Agnieszka Zawadzińska, Rafał Piechocki, and Andżelika Wośkowiak. "The growth and flowering of Rhodohypoxis baurii (Baker) Nel cultivars depending on rhizome weight." Folia Horticulturae 27, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2015-0027.
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Abstract Rhodohypoxis baurii is an ornamental plant recommended for pot and garden cultivation. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between rhizome weight and the growth, flowering and rhizome yield in two cultivars (‘Dusky’ and ‘Ruth’) of R. baurii grown as pot plants. The rhizomes were sorted into three groups by weight: 0.10-0.20 g, 0.21-0.30 g and 0.31-0.40 g. The study revealed that the plants developed from the largest rhizomes were the highest, the widest, produced the most leaves, inflorescences per rhizome, flowers per inflorescence and were the first to flower. The plants developed from rhizomes of 0.21-0.30 g and 0.31-0.40 g did not differ in their flowering rate, flower diameter or the weight of rhizomes at the end of the growing season. Flowers developed in all of the plants grown from rhizomes weighing at least 0.2 g. A comparison of cultivars showed that 'Dusky' plants were higher, wider, had more leaves, inflorescences and flowers per inflorescence, flowered earlier and produced rhizomes of greater weight than 'Ruth' plants, which had a higher greenness index and larger flowers. Both cultivars did not differ in their flowering rate. Rhizome weight gain after the cultivation period depended rather on the cultivar than on the size of the planted rhizomes.
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Harker, K. Neil, and John S. Taylor. "Chlormequat Chloride (CCC) Pretreatments May Enhance Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) Control with Sethoxydim." Weed Technology 8, no. 3 (September 1994): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039580.
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Laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted at the Lacombe Research Station to determine if CCC, ethephon, or CCC/ethephon had direct activity on quackgrass rhizome buds, and to determine if foliar applications of CCC/ethephon could predispose quackgrass to more effective control with sethoxydim. CCC, ethephon, and CCC/ethephon had growth regulating effects on the axillary buds and the apex of detached quackgrass rhizomes. CCC increased rhizome bud sprouting on rhizomes with the apex excised, but not on rhizomes with an intact apex. Ethephon or CCC/ethephon inhibited bud sprouting on rhizomes with an intact or excised apex. CCC/ethephon, but not CCC or ethephon alone, increased rhizome elongation on rhizomes with intact apices. In the greenhouse, pretreatments of CCC/ethephon increased sethoxydim activity on quackgrass rhizome buds and caused lower shoot emergence from one-bud rhizome segments. Results of field experiments were less consistent than those in the greenhouse. However, sometimes CCC or CCC/ethephon pretreatments resulted in increased quackgrass control in the field with sethoxydim.
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Moen, Jon, Pär K. Ingvarsson, and David WH Walton. "Estimates of structural complexity in clonal plant morphology: comparisons of grazed and ungrazed Acaena magellanica rhizomes." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 6 (October 30, 1999): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-047.
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The aim of this study is to examine the information given by various indices of rhizome morphology that describe grazed and ungrazed rhizome systems of Acaena magellanica (Rosaceae). Internode lengths, branching probabilities, and branching angles were estimated from grazed and ungrazed rhizomes in the field. These parameter values were then used in computer simulations of rhizome growth, and the structural complexity of the simulated rhizomes were described using size, topology, and fractal dimensions. Grazed rhizomes had shorter internodes, higher probabilities of branching, and more open branching angles than ungrazed rhizomes. This resulted in a more directional growth (herring-bone pattern) in the simulated ungrazed rhizomes, whereas the grazed rhizomes had a more space-filling growth pattern. Most indices, even though they are based on different mathematical and theoretical backgrounds, were highly correlated and thus equally good at describing the structural complexity exhibited by the rhizomes. However, indices have different relationships to theories about function, and we suggest that any study of structural complexity of branching systems should use several different indices of shape depending on the questions asked.Key words: Acaena magellanica, fractal dimension, grazing, growth simulation, topology.
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Kara, Nimet, and Gökhan Gürbüzer. "Effect of Harvest Times on Rhizoma Yield, Essential Oil Content and Composition in Iris germanica L. Species." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 5 (May 20, 2019): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i5.707-713.2163.
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Research was conducted to examining the effects of harvest periods on root yield, essential oil content, resinoid content and essential oil composition of Iris species. Iris germanica field in Kuyucak town of Isparta which plant 3 years were constituted in 2016 year as three replications plots according to randomized block experimental design. Harvest was made in the middle each month from April to September (6 periods). Number of rhizomes weight, fresh rhizome yield, dry rhizome yield, essential oil ratio, resinoid ratio and composition in the Iris germanica were determined. In the study, differences between rhizome yield and examining characteristics of Iris germanica according to harvesting periods were statistically significant. Number of rhizomes varied between 3.27-6.47 per plant, rhizome weight 85.55-186.52 g per plant, fresh rhizome yield 972.8-1651.2 kg da-1, dry rhizome yield 212.33-457.50 kg da-1, essential oil and resinoid ratio of rhizome obtained after harvest 0.057-0.076%, 8.00-10.57% essential oil and resinoid ratio in stored rhizomes 0.10-0.14%, 6.95-10.45%, respectively. Rate of α-iron and ɣ-iron components that determine to qualities in essential oil of Iris rhizomes in after harvest varied between 16.1-27.7% and 23.4-50.8% and 29.4-31.2% and 55.2-59% in the essential oil stored rhizomes of Iris germanica, respectively.
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Kamal, M. Z. U., and M. N. Yousuf. "Effect of Organic Manures on Growth, Rhizome Yield and Quality Attributes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)." Agriculturists 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2012): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060.
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The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different organic manures on turmeric with reference to vegetative growth, biomass production, rhizome yield and its attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Turmeric showed better response to the application of organic manures. Plant with neem cake application had the taller plant (79.30 cm), maximum number of tillers per plant (5.40), leaf number (5.40), leaf area (44.09) leaf area index (0.429), fresh weight of halum ( 190.05g), fresh weight of root (49.13 g), fresh weight of rhizome per plant (256.21 g) and dry weight of halum (15.21g), dry weight of root (7.32 g), dry weight of rhizome per plant (40.35 g), total dry matter yield (6.85 t ha-1) than those received other types of manures. Moreover, yield attributes such as number of mother rhizomes per plant-1 (1.75), more number of primary rhizomes per plant-1 (5.19), secondary rhizomes per plant-1 (18.03) and tertiary rhizomes per plant (7.69) were also highly accelerated by neem cake application. Similarly, the same treatment expressed the best in terms of size of mother rhizome (7.69 cm), primary rhizome (21.86 cm) and secondary rhizomes (7.05 cm).All these parameters in cumulative contributed to produce the highest estimated fresh rhizomes yield & cured rhizomes yield (29.48 t ha-1, 5.59 t ha-1 respectively). The highest curing percentage (20.28) was observed in T3 treatment having mustard cake@ 2.0 t/ha. Thus, organic manure like neem cake was best fitted natural fertilizer for turmeric cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 16-22
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Dzeletovic, Zeljko, Gordana Andrejic, Aleksandar Simic, and Hakan Geren. "Influence of rhizome mass on the crop establishment and dry matter yield of Miscanthus×giganteus over ten seasons." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 64, no. 1 (2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1901021d.
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The aim of the present investigation was to assess the influence of rhizome mass on the success of plantation establishment and biomass yield of the bioenergy crop M. ? giganteus during 10 years of cultivation. The experiment included three treatments with different rhizome masses: 10-20 g (very low); 25- 35 g (low), and 40-60 g (medium mass). Planting density was 2 rhizomes m-2. The plants were harvested by mowing of the whole above-ground biomass each year in February. Out of the total number of planted rhizomes, the lowest emergence was noticed in very low mass rhizomes. In the first season, the greatest number of stems and crop height were encountered under the treatment with the highest rhizome mass. In the second season, crop heights were almost equal in all treatments. During the first two seasons, the highest biomass yields were recorded under the treatments with the highest rhizome masses. Although the analyzed parameters were highest with the rhizomes of 40-60g during the crop establishing stage, starting from the third season of cultivation, high yields of above-ground biomass may be obtained also with lower mass rhizomes. Having the highest biomass yield (25.85?7.36 Mg DM ha-1), the crop established with rhizomes of 25-35 g clearly stood out.
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Chaudoir, Leah, and A. E. Einert. "GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF GARDEN IRISES UNDER GREENHOUSE FORCING." HortScience 25, no. 8 (August 1990): 850f—850. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.850f.
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Rhizomes of Iris germanica L. `Pretty Please' were stored either dry at 21°C or potted at 10°C for 0, A, 9, 11, 13, 15, or 17 weeks. After storage, dry rhizomes were potted and placed in a forcing greenhouse. Potted rhizomes were removed from the 10°C cooler and placed in the same greenhouse. Both were forced under longdays(16 hr). A control group with no rhizome storage received natural daylength. Plants flowered without rhizome storage if grown under longdays. Four weeks of rhizome storage (cool or warm) significantly hastened flowering of potted irises over those receiving no rhizome storage, as well as producing the highest percentage of flowering plants. Potted rhizomes chilled for 17 weeks had the shortest forcing period, but only 50% of plants flowered. Plants receiving natural daylength did not flower. Greenhouse forced plants did not produce more than three flowers per scape. Foliage height at flowering decreased significantly after 15 weeks of cool rhizome storage.
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CAO, Zhengyan, Ning TANG, Zexiong CHEN, Peiyin WU, Jiarui ZHENG, Jiabao YE, Yanni LIU, et al. "Transcriptomic analysis reveals transcription factors involved in vascular bundle development and tissue maturation in ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 51, no. 2 (June 7, 2023): 13131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213131.
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Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important vegetable with medicinal value. Rhizome development determines ginger yield and quality. However, little information is available about the molecular features underlying rhizome expansion and maturation. In this study, we investigated anatomy characteristics, lignin accumulation and transcriptome profiles during rhizome development. In young rhizomes, the vascular bundle (VB) was generated with only vessels in it, whereas in matured rhizomes, three to five layers of fibre bundle in the xylem were formed, resulting in VB enlargement. It indicates VB development favouring rhizome swelling. With rhizome matured, the lignin content was remarkably elevated, thus facilitating tissue lignification. To explore the regulators for rhizome development, nine libraries including ginger young rhizomes (GYR), growing rhizomes (GGR), and matured rhizomes (GMR) were established for RNA-Seq, a total of 1264 transcription factors (TFs) were identified. Among them, 35, 116, and 14 differentially expressed TFs were obtained between GYR and GGR, GYR and GMR, and GGR and GMR, respectively. These TFs were further divided into three categories. Among them, three ZobHLHs (homologs of Arabidopsis LHW and AtbHLH096) as well as one DIVARICATA homolog in ginger might play crucial roles in controlling VB development. Four ZoWRKYs and two ZoNACs might be potential regulators associated with rhizome maturation. Three ZoAP2/ERFs and one ZoARF might participate in rhizome development via hormone signalling. This result provides a molecular basis for rhizome expansion and maturation in ginger.
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Juneau, Kevyn J., and Catherine S. Tarasoff. "The Seasonality of Survival and Subsequent Growth of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Rhizome Fragments." Invasive Plant Science and Management 6, no. 1 (March 2013): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-12-00051.1.
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AbstractCommon reed [Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.] is an invasive plant that reproduces poorly by seed but regenerates vigorously by rhizomes. Because Phragmites australis propagates well through rhizome growth, invasion often occurs from transported rhizome tissue. We investigated both rhizome-fragment biomass and seasonal effects on survival and growth of ramets. Rhizomes were collected along roadside ditches during the fall of 2009 and 2010 and during the summer of 2010 and 2011. Fall and summer were chosen because the plants were either dormant or actively growing, respectively. Rhizomes were cut into fragments then grown in a greenhouse for 60 d in vermiculite with no added nutrients. Rhizomes collected in the fall had a survival rate of 71.1%, whereas only 15.6% of those collected in the summer survived. Within season, rhizomes with low initial biomass had lower survival rates and growth than did large rhizomes. There was no seasonal difference in the total biomass produced by the surviving plants; however, allocation of biomass did differ. Summer-collected rhizomes showed a higher belowground to aboveground biomass ratio than did those collected in the fall. Understanding the viability of Phragmites australis rhizome fragments provides land managers a greater awareness of the high-establishment risks of Phragmites australis. This information should be included in an integrated weed management program, and actions should be taken to reduce the spread of this weed during roadside maintenance. Although the risk of survival is lower during the summer, soil contaminated with Phragmites australis should not be transported or must be sifted with a screen to ensure all rhizome fragments are removed.
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Chiari, Alessandro, and Mark P. Bridgen. "Effect of Meristem Position and Medium on in Vitro Meristem Culture of Alstroemeria." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 461C—461. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.461c.
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Meristems from three different positions were excised from in vitro plants of Alstroemeria genotype A30. Explants were removed from the most-distal vegetative shoot apical meristems, rhizome tip apical meristems, and rhizome tip axillary meristems. Meristems were cultured on four different media to compare the effect of meristem position and medium on the ability to produce Alstroemeria rhizomes from meristems. The meristem culture media were Murashige & Skoog salts plus 8.39 μM pantothenic acid, 1.19 μM thiamine, and 0.55 mm myo-inositol (MSM), MSM plus 8.88 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), MSM plus 8.88 μM BA, and 0.72 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), and MSM plus 0.72 μM GA3. Meristems that were removed from the vegetative shoot apices did not develop rhizomes on any medium. Rhizome tip apical meristems developed less than 10% rhizomes when subcultured on media containing BA and GA3. However, rhizome tip axillary meristems developed rhizomes on all media with best results achieved when the medium was supplemented with BA.
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Sheaffer, C. C., R. D. Mathison, and P. Seguin. "Vegetative establishment of Kura clover." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08026.
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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) is a rhizomatous perennial legume that is often challenging to establish from seed. Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of planting date (early April, late April, and mid-May), plant material (rhizomes and rhizomes with buds), and rhizome planting density (11, 44, and 178 plants m-2) on establishment of Kura clover. Establishment of the clover was enhanced by early April planting using rhizomes with buds. Kura clover populations increased with increased rhizome planting densities. Establishment of Kura clover at a rhizome density of 178 rhizome m-2 has the potential to provide yield and stands similar to broadcast seeding. Key words: Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.), vegetative propagation
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Ran, Fu, Xiaoming Bai, Juanxia Li, Yajuan Yuan, Changning Li, Ping Li, and Hui Chen. "Cytokinin and Metabolites Affect Rhizome Growth and Development in Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis)." Biology 12, no. 8 (August 11, 2023): 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12081120.
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Rhizome growth and development is regulated by phytohormone. However, endogenous phytohormones affect rhizome initiation, and sustained growth in perennial grass species remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the morphological characteristics and the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin (ZT), gibberellic acid (GA3), and abscisic acid (ABA) in the rhizomes of two different Kentucky bluegrass. Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), we performed metabolite analysis of two different rhizomes. In our study, the multi-rhizome Kentucky bluegrass material ‘Yuzhong’ had an average of 1113 rhizomes, while the few-rhizome material ‘Anding’ had an average of 347 rhizomes. The diameter of rhizome and length of rhizome internode in ‘Yuzhong’ were 1.68-fold and 1.33-fold higher than that of the ‘Anding’, respectively. The rhizome dry weight of ‘Yuzhong’ was 75.06 g, while the ‘Anding’ was 20.79 g. ‘Yuzhong’ had a higher ZT content (5.50 μg·g−1), which is 2.4-fold that of ‘Anding’ (2.27 μg·g−1). In contrast, the IAA, ABA, and GA3 content of rhizome were markedly higher in ‘Anding’ than ‘Yuzhong’. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between ZT and ZT/ABA with the number of rhizomes, diameter of rhizome, and length of rhizome internode, whereas IAA, ABA, GA3, and IAA/ZT were opposite. In the metabolic profiles, we identified 163 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (60 upregulated and 103 downregulated) in positive ion mode and 75 DEMs (36 upregulated and 39 downregulated) in negative ion mode. Histidine metabolism and ABC transporters pathways were the most significantly enriched in the positive and negative ion mode, respectively, both of which are involved in the synthesis and transport of cytokinin. These results indicate that cytokinin is crucial for rhizome development and promotes rhizome germination and growth of Kentucky bluegrass.
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Huffman, David W., John C. Zasada, and John C. Tappeiner II. "Growth and morphology of rhizome cuttings and seedlings of salal (Gaultheria shallon): effects of four light intensities." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 1702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-209.
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Rhizome cuttings and seed of salal (Gaultheria shallon) were cultured in nursery beds at four light intensities (20, 50, and 70%, and full sunlight) created by various thicknesses of shade cloth. After each of two growing seasons, growth and morphological characteristics were compared among light intensities and between life stages. Under all light intensities, rhizome cuttings produced aerial stems and new rhizomes within 1 year and produced fruit within 2 years. Seedlings produced numerous aerial stems but few rhizomes. In general, 70% light induced the greatest production of aerial stems and rhizomes for both cuttings and seedlings. In 70% light, cuttings averaged more than three times the number of rhizomes and rhizome biomass and nearly twice the aerial stem biomass of cuttings in 20% light. Morphology of aerial stems, rhizomes, leaves, and seedling canopies was also affected by light quantity. Aerial stems produced by cuttings were shortest (9.9 cm) in full light and rhizome lengths were longer (27.6 cm) in 50% light than in 20% or full light. Specific leaf area of both cuttings and seedlings was highest (99.9 cm2/g and 146 cm2/g, respectively) under the most shaded treatment. The implications of these results with respect to the ecology of salal under field conditions are discussed. Key words: Gaultheria shallon, seedlings, rhizome cuttings, shade treatment, morphology, vegetative growth.
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Jongpluempiti, Jarinee, and Kiatfa Tangchaichit. "Feasibility Assessment of Using Cassava Rhizomes for Firing Pottery in Dan Kwian, Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1158.
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Cassava is one of the most important crops in Nakhon Ratchasima province which grows the most cassava in the Northeast of Thailand. Therefore, a large amount of cassava rhizome is left in the field after harvest. The objectives of this research were to study the feasibility of cassava rhizomes use for Dan Kwian pottery firing in the same province. The analysis consisted of physical properties, heating value and comparing firing the pottery by wood fuel and cassava rhizome. The results were that the cassava rhizomes, with moisture content of about 34.73%, had properties inferior to the woods. When the rhizomes are burned to give thermal energy to pottery products, the temperature profile of the rhizomes is similar to the profile of wood fuels. As a result, the typical quantity of rhizome required, burning time and cost are 3,627 kg, 40 hours and 1,814 baht, respectively, while the values for wood are about 2,600 kg, 34 hours and 2,600 baht, respectively. The cost of the rhizome is less than the wood by around 786 baht. Therefore, using cassava rhizome to replace wood fuel is feasible but it is necessary to control the moisture content to an appropriate level.
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Bologna, Paula, and Santiago Stancanelli. "Influence of volume container in the production of rhizomes in Seemannia (Gesneriaceae)." Ornamental Horticulture 25, no. 3 (September 2019): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v25i3.2045.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Seemannia Regel belongs to the Gesnereacieae family. It is an herbaceous perennial plant with colorful and brilliant flowers that produces fleshy scaly rhizomes with axillary dormant buds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the volume of the container in the production and the quality of the rhizomes. Plants of a select hybrid of Seemnania were used. Three volume of container were tested: v1 of 1 L, v2 of 1,5 L and v3 of 2 L. Plants were cultivated in the containers following a conventional management. Dry matter, production (number and weight of rhizomes) and quality of the rhizomes were recorded. The rhizomes were classified into four qualities (A, B, C, D) according to the length and width, and the number of the scales. All data was subject to statistical analysis. Dry matter, weight and number of rhizomes increased as the volume of container increased. The v3 container recorded the highest values for these three parameters. Major volume of container, major was the development of vegetative mass and consequently the number and the weight of rhizomes were higher. In regard to the qualities of the rhizomes, v1 and v3 treatments had a better proportion of A rhizomes (the bigger size) compared to v2 treatment. The knowledge of the rhizome quality can be useful to the growers in order to select the best rhizome size for a good production. The v3 treatment recorded the highest number of A rhizomes, that we consider a good quality, because it has the bigger size with more scales and consequently more propagules.
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Peng, Meng-xuan, Ru-meng Chen, Qian Wei, He-rong Guo, Rui-zhen Zeng, Li Xie, Zhi-sheng Zhang, and Jianjun Chen. "Effects of Genotype, Light, and Plant Growth Regulators on Rhizome Browning, Proliferation, and Sprouting in Cymbidium." HortScience 58, no. 6 (June 2023): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17119-23.
Full textAbstract:
Chinese cymbidiums are important flowering ornamental plants. Traditional propagation via seed or division cannot satisfy growers’ demand for commercialization of new cultivars, and in vitro propagation has a low micropropagation efficiency due to the browning of rhizomes. In this study, rhizomes of Cymbidium ‘14-16-13’ and ‘14-16-5’ were cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), NAA (α-napthaleneacetic acid), or BAP with NAA under either the dark or light. The degree of browning was read, and rhizome proliferation or sprouting (sprout numbers) was evaluated. Results showed that there was significant difference in browning grade of rhizomes between ‘14-16-13’ and ‘14-16-5’ regardless of dark and light culture. Dark culture induced rhizome proliferation but failed to induce sprouts. Light culture slightly elevated the degree of browning but induced sprouting. Among the growth regulators evaluated, BAP was more effective for sprout induction. As rhizome browning appeared to be inevitable in micropropagation of the cymbidiums, a compromise between browning and sprout production could be a realistic approach. Our study showed that rhizomes cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L−1 BAP were able to produce more than 16 sprouts per vessel even though browning occurred in the rhizomes. Thus, culturing rhizomes in this medium could be a practical solution for in vitro propagation of Chinese cymbidiums.
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Harker, K. Neil, and Jack Dekker. "Effects of Phenology on Translocation Patterns of Several Herbicides in Quackgrass,Agropyron repens." Weed Science 36, no. 4 (July 1988): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500075214.
Full textAbstract:
A growth room study was conducted to evaluate the effect that timing of application has on the distribution of several herbicides in quackgrass. Uniformly labeled14C-sucrose and the radiolabeled herbicides glyphosate, sethoxydim, the butyl ester of fluazifop, and the methyl ester of haloxyfop were applied to quackgrass (ranging from the three- to eight-leaf stage) propagated from six-bud rhizome segments. Five days after treatment the plants were harvested, lyophilized, and later sectioned, mapped, and oxidized in preparation for14C quantification. In most cases, slightly more14C was translocated to the shoots than to the rhizomes.14C translocation to the rhizomes was similar at all growth stages. The14C accumulating in the rhizomes exhibited a nonuniform distribution pattern with more14C in the distal areas of new rhizomes than in the other areas of the rhizome system. Plants treated with haloxyfop had a more uniform distribution of14C along their rhizomes than did those treated with fluazifop or sethoxydim.
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Haynes, Janine G., John M. Smagula, and Paul E. Cappiello. "Rooting and Establishment of Bunchberry Stem Cuttings as Affected by Propagation Date, K-IBA, Rooting Duration, and by Division or Cuttage." HortScience 38, no. 1 (February 2003): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.1.92.
Full textAbstract:
Stem cuttings were harvested in April from four clones of containerized bunchberry(Cornus canadensis L.) forced in the greenhouse and in June from the same four clones growing in the field. April cuttings that had produced rhizomes by transplant time produced the greatest mean number and weight of shoots during the first growing season compared to April cuttings without rhizomes, June cuttings with rhizomes, or June cuttings without rhizomes. In a second study, cuttings and single-stem divisions were taken in July; divisions produced a greater mean number of shoots than did stem cuttings when compared at the end of Oct. A third study evaluated the effect of K-IBA application to lateral buds on subsequent rhizome production, and the effect of cutting node number (two vs. three nodes) on root or rhizome development. Treating lateral buds with K-IBA was not inhibitory to rhizome formation and elongation. Compared to two-node cuttings, three-node cuttings produced greater mean rootball size, rhizome number, and rhizome length; nearly twice as many of the three-node cuttings formed rhizomes as did two-node cuttings. A fourth study showed that cuttings rooted for 5 or 6 weeks in a mist enclosure generally exhibited greater shoot and rhizome production by the end of the first growing season than cuttings rooted for 8 or 9 weeks. This was despite the finding that cuttings rooted for longer durations (8 or 9 weeks) possessed larger rootballs and greater rhizome numbers at transplant time compared to cuttings rooted for shorter durations (5 to 6 weeks). Chemical name used: indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA).
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G. Pattung, Agustina, Nathaniel Llamelo, Satur Bangyad, Ramon Dorado, Lea Balingit, Oliver Situt, and Adjustor Batara. "Performance of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) under Multipurpose Forest and Fruit Tree Species in Mid Elevation Areas of Conner, Apayao." Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 16, no. 1 (January 8, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arja/2023/v16i1377.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of ginger integrated as cash crop in Guina-ang, Conner, Apayao. Specifically, to determine the performance of ginger in the partially shaded areas in terms of plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves/ tiller, length of leaves, length of rhizomes, width of rhizomes, weight of rhizome and total weight of harvested rhizomes. Two cropping combinations were used in the study. Results of the study showed that the ginger plants cultivated under Forest Trees + Coffee + Banana + Mangosteen + Ginger + Tannia crop combination had significantly higher plant height (68.80 cm), number of tillers (11.90), number of leaves/tiller (15.10), length of leaves 22.80 cm), length of rhizomes (24.20 cm), weight of rhizome (78.53g) and total weight of harvested rhizomes (40.50 kg) compared with ginger cultivated under Forest Trees + Lanzones + Cacao + Black Pepper + Ginger cropping combination. However, no significant difference was recorded in the width of rhizomes between the two cropping combinations. The ginger plants cultivated in of the CAFE Project site can be cultivated under forest and fruit tree species in mid elevation areas of Conner, Apayao.
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Hoque, MA, BK Bala, MA Hossain, and M. Borhan Uddin. "Drying Kinetics Of Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale)." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 2 (July 28, 2013): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15892.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the drying kinetics of ginger rhizome under blanched and nonblanched conditions using hybrid solar dryer and mechanical tray dryer at three temperature levels. The drying rate increases with the increase in drying air temperature and blanching also increases the drying rate. The drying rate depends on shape and size of the ginger rhizomes. The highest drying rate was found for sliced samples of ginger rhizome followed by splitted and whole root samples. Five thin layer drying models were fitted to the experimental data of blanched and sliced ginger rhizomes. The Page equation was found to be the best to predict the moisture content of sliced ginger rhizome in thin layer. The agreement between the predicted and experimental results was excellent. Colour of ginger rhizomes was slightly changed after drying. Lightness of ginger rhizomes decreased with an increase in drying temperature for all samples except sliced and blanched samples. For drying of ginger rhizome, it should be sliced and blanched and dried below 70°C for better quality dried products. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 301-319, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15892
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Mallik, A. U. "Ecology of a forest weed of Newfoundland: vegetative regeneration strategy of Kalmia angustifolia." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-018.
Full textAbstract:
The vegetative regeneration characteristics of Kalmia angustifolia were studied by examining the near ground and below-ground structures of the plant. Three methods of vegetative regeneration were observed in Kalmia: layering, stem-base sprouting, and rhizomatous growth, which make the plant more resilient than other ericaceous plants of similar stature following disturbance. Layering occurred only in tall old Kalmia of undisturbed habitats. Stem-base sprouting and rhizomatous growth were found to be the most common and most effective modes of vegetative regeneration. These methods were common in both disturbed and undisturbed habitats. Three types of rhizome systems, namely primary, secondary, and tertiary rhizomes, were identified and described for the first time in Kalmia. Secondary rhizomes were found to be the most effective organ for vegetative spread of the plant. Some secondary rhizomes may grow more than 1 m in one growing season. A 5-year-old Kalmia may produce, on average, 36 secondary rhizomes with a total length of 750 cm. Secondary rhizomes of Kalmia first grow horizontally, then come aboveground growing vertically and exhibiting apical dominance. Large numbers of dormant vegetative buds (three at each node) and adventitious roots are produced at the rhizome nodes. Transverse sections of current-year rhizome showed many trichomes. The cells of the pith are thick-walled and are characterized by large lysigenous cavities. The anatomy of axillary buds and leaf primordia of the aboveground stems of Kalmia were similar to buds and bud scales of the rhizome. Key words: Kalmia, disturbance, fire, regeneration strategy, rhizome, trichomes.
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Morrison, Sharon, John M. Smagula, and Walter Litten. "Morphology, Growth, and Rhizome Development of Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Seedlings, Rooted Softwood Cuttings, and Micropropagated Plantlets." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.738.
Full textAbstract:
For accelerating the filling in of bare areas in native lowbush blueberry fields or converting new areas to production, micropropagated plantlets rooted after three subcultures outperformed seedlings and rooted softwood cuttings. After 2 years of field growth, they averaged 20.3 rhizomes each of average dry weight 3.5 g, as compared with 5.7 rhizomes of average dry weight 1.1 g for rooted softwood cuttings. After 1 year of field growth, seedlings produced on average 3.3 vs. 0.4 rhizomes from micropropagated plants that had not been subcultured and 0.3 rhizomes from stem cuttings. Apparently, subculturing on cytokinin-rich media induces the juvenile branching characteristic that provides micropropagated plants with the desirable morphologies and growth habits of seedlings. These characteristics favor rhizome production while the benefits of asexual reproduction are retained. The advantage in rhizome production of micropropagation over stem cuttings varied among clones.
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Fuller, Russell L., Michele R. Warmund, John H. Dunn, and Suleiman S. Bughrara. "Survival of Zoysiagrass Genotypes Following Low-temperature Exposure." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 849B—849. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.849b.
Full textAbstract:
Zoysiagrass rhizomes were sampled at various intervals, from October through March, to determine their susceptibility to low-temperature injury. Five-node rhizome sections of the following genotypes were subjected to sub-freezing temperatures at each date: `Belair', `DAL 8507', `El Toro', `Emerald', `Korean Common', and `Meyer'. Rhizome sections of each cultivar were wrapped in moistened cheesecloth, enclosed in aluminum foil, and placed in a freezing chamber at –2C. After 2 h at –2C, samples then were cooled at 1C/h to temperatures estimated to result in tissue injury. Fifteen rhizomes of each genotype were removed from the chamber at each test temperature. After thawing for 12 h, rhizomes were planted and regrown in a growth chamber at 34C day/28C night for 4 weeks. In the freezing test conducted on 12 Oct. 1994, rhizomes of `Meyer' and `Emerald' had greater shoot regrowth than those of `El Toro' after exposure to –6C. The only rhizomes that produced shoot growth after exposure to –8C were those of `Korean common', `Meyer' and `Belair'.
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Geneve, Robert L., Shari Dutton, Anna G. Baloh, and Marta Nosarzewski. "Rhizome Segments Form Shoots, Whereas Leaf Cuttings Form Shoots and Rhizomes in Eucodonia ‘Adele’ Treated with Benzyladenine." HortScience 58, no. 7 (July 2023): 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17068-22.
Full textAbstract:
Eucodonia ‘Adele’ initiates seasonal shoot growth from a scaly rhizome. Larger rhizome segments (>2.5 cm) produced shoots at a greater percentage compared with smaller rhizome segments. Shoots produced on larger segments were initiated sooner and had a longer length. However, when shoot formation efficiency was calculated as the number of potential shoots per original stock rhizome, smaller rhizome segments were more efficient, producing three to four times as many shoots. Rhizome segments (2.5 cm) soaked overnight in benzyladenine (BA) produced three to four times more shoots per rhizome (four shoots) compared with untreated or water-soaked rhizomes (0.3 and 0.7 shoot, respectively). The scaly rhizome consists of a central stem-like core surrounded by numerous leaf-like scales. Scales appear to be storage leaf tissue based on anatomy and presence of numerous amyloplasts. New shoots initiate as axillary shoots formed from the central core at the scale attachment. Isolated individual scales also have the capacity for adventitious shoot formation, but only form in about 25% of isolated scales. Leaf cuttings were capable of producing adventitious shoots, roots, and rhizomes. Untreated petiole and lamina cut leaf cuttings formed approximately three rhizomes per leaf cutting compared with less than one adventitious shoot per leaf cutting. Benzyladenine-treated leaf cuttings did not show an increase in rhizome initiation, but soaking lamina cut leaf cuttings in water or BA increased shoot formation to ∼1.5 shoots per cutting. This work with isolated rhizome segments and leaf cuttings presents efficient systems for regenerating rhizomes that can be used to produce stock plants for a stem cutting system for Eucodonia ‘Adele’ as a seasonal pot plant.
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Blom, Theo J., and Wayne Brown. "Preplant Copper-based Compounds Reduce Erwinia Soft Rot on Calla Lilies." HortTechnology 9, no. 1 (January 1999): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.1.56.
Full textAbstract:
Four sterilants-bactericides (Physan-20, Fixed Copper, Phyton-27, and Virkon) were compared as preplanting dips of Zantedeschia elliottiana Engl. W. Wats `Yellow' (a susceptible cultivar) rhizomes to reduce plant losses due to latent field-infected Erwinia carotovora soft rot during greenhouse forcing as a flowering potted plant. All sterilant solutions were prepared in combination with Promalin, a commercially available product containing gibberellic acid (GA) used to enhance flowering. An additional group of rhizomes was inoculated with E. carotovora sp. as a preplanting dip in combination with the GA treatment but were not treated with a bactericide. Rhizomes were wounded by making two cuts on the distal part of the rhizome or left unwounded before application of the preplant dip treatments. After potting, plants were fertilized with either a high (3.0 mmol·L-1) or a low (1.0 mmol·L-1) calcium nutrient solution through subirrigation. More than 90% of the inoculated rhizomes collapsed within 5 weeks after potting due to bacterial soft rot. With the uninoculated rhizomes, the copper-based compounds (Fixed Copper or Phyton-27) provided better control of bacterial soft rot than either Physan-20 or Virkon only during the first 6 weeks of forcing. During the remainder of the forcing period, there were no differences in weekly losses of rhizomes with the four sterilants. Confirmation of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Jones) Bergey et al. as the causal organism was made throughout the experiment. Incisions on the rhizome before planting or calcium nutrition during forcing did not have any significant effect on disease severity. Rhizomes treated with solutions of the copper-based compounds produced 0.5 flowers less per rhizome than either Physan-20 or Virkon. High calcium fertilization resulted in an increase of 0.5 flowers per plant compared to low calcium nutrition.
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Furutani, Sheldon C., Jed Villanueva, and Michael J. Tanabe. "Effect of Ethephon and Heat on the Growth and Yield of Edible Ginger." HortScience 20, no. 3 (June 1985): 392–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.3.392.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Preplant soak application of ethephon at 750 ppm in combination with a 51°C water soak for 10 min to ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe ‘Chinese’) rhizomes increased shoot number by 122% after 16 wk and rhizome weight by 38% at harvest, compared to 21° water-soaked rhizomes. The increase in rhizome weight was correlated with number of shoots per plant. Chemical names used: (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon).
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Palmer, Nathan A., Gautam Sarath, Michael J. Bowman, Aaron J. Saathoff, Serge J. Edmé, Robert B. Mitchell, Christian M. Tobias, Soundararajan Madhavan, Erin D. Scully, and Scott E. Sattler. "Divergent Metabolic Changes in Rhizomes of Lowland and Upland Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) from Early Season through Dormancy Onset." Plants 12, no. 8 (April 21, 2023): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081732.
Full textAbstract:
High-biomass-yielding southerly adapted switchgrasses (Panicum virgatum L.) frequently suffer from unpredictable winter hardiness at more northerly sites arising from damage to rhizomes that prevent effective spring regrowth. Previously, changes occurring over the growing season in rhizomes sampled from a cold-adapted tetraploid upland cultivar, Summer, demonstrated a role for abscisic acid (ABA), starch accumulation, and transcriptional reprogramming as drivers of dormancy onset and potential keys to rhizome health during winter dormancy. Here, rhizome metabolism of a high-yielding southerly adapted tetraploid switchgrass cultivar, Kanlow—which is a significant source of genetics for yield improvement—was studied over a growing season at a northern site. Metabolite levels and transcript abundances were combined to develop physiological profiles accompanying greening through the onset of dormancy in Kanlow rhizomes. Next, comparisons of the data to rhizome metabolism occurring in the adapted upland cultivar Summer were performed. These data revealed both similarities as well as numerous differences in rhizome metabolism that were indicative of physiological adaptations unique to each cultivar. Similarities included elevated ABA levels and accumulation of starch in rhizomes during dormancy onset. Notable differences were observed in the accumulation of specific metabolites, the expression of genes encoding transcription factors, and several enzymes linked to primary metabolism.
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Debnath*, Samir. "Growth and Development of Lingonberry Cultivars as Affected by In Vitro and Ex Vitro Culture Methods and Source Propagule." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 891A—891. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.891a.
Full textAbstract:
The morphological development of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) plants propagated either by conventional softwood cuttings or by in vitro shoot proliferation from nodal explants or by shoot regeneration from excised leaves of micropropagated shoots, was studied in cultivars `Regal', `Splendor', and `Erntedank'. Significant differences were observed between the treatments. In vitro-derived plants produced more shoots branches and rhizomes in contrast to conventional cuttings which rarely produced rhizomes. Plants propagated from cuttings had a lower number but vigorous shoots and thicker rhizomes than in vitro-derived plants. Source propagule had significant effect on multiplication rate. Another experiment evaluated the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) application to softwood cuttings on subsequent rooting, shoot development, and rhizome production. Treating cuttings with IBA did not significantly improve rhizome formation and elongation. In vitro culture on nutrient medium apparently induces the juvenile branching characteristics that favored rhizome production. The advantage of rhizome production of in vitro-derived plants over stem cuttings varied among genotypes.
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Mozartha, Martha, Muhammad Yusuf Diansyah, and LIstia Eka Merdekawati. "COMPARISON OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Curcuma longa AND Curcuma zedoaria RHIZOMES EXTRACTS AT A CONCENTRATION OF 12.5% AGAINST Streptococcus mutans." Journal of Health and Dental Sciences 1, Volume 1 No 2 (September 30, 2021): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54052/jhds.v1n2.p175-187.
Full textAbstract:
Streptococcus mutans is a microorganism that important in dental caries. Herbs are known to have antibacterial activity against oral bacteria. The rhizomes of Curcuma longa and Curcuma zedoaria are two of the eight species of genus Curcuma that are most widely used as traditional herbal medicine in Indonesia. Both rhizomes have antibacterial activity against oral bacteria at a concentration of 12.5%. This study aimed to examine the inhibitory of Curcuma longa and Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes extracts against the growth of Streptococcus mutants. The study was in vitro study. Both rhizomes got from the Experimental Garden of Balittro Manoko Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. The maceration was employed to obtain the extracts with the final extracts of both rhizomes at a concentration of 12.5%. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by using the agar well diffusion method. The positive control group was 0.2% Chlorhexidine and distilled water as a negative control group. The data obtained were then analyzed using the One Way ANOVA Test and Post Hoc Test. Results showed that chlorhexidine 0.2% had the largest mean diameter of the inhibition zone. Curcuma longa rhizome extract had a larger mean diameter of inhibition zone compared to Curcuma zedoaria rhizome extract. However, the difference in the mean values of the two rhizomes extracts was not statistically significant. Distilled water didn't have antibacterial activity. It can be concluded that both Curcuma longa and Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes extracts at a concentration of 12.5% have antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans.
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Klingeman*, William E., Darren K. Robinson, and Gary L. McDaniel. "Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Rhizome Regeneration in Pine Bark, Soil and Sand Substrates." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 746A—746. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.746a.
Full textAbstract:
Mugwort, or false chrysanthemum (Artemisia vulgaris L) is a well-adapted invasive plant that presents increasing management challenges to agricultural producers, Green Industry professionals and homeowners across portions of the eastern U.S. The ability of mugwort to regenerate from cut rhizome sections has not been adequately quantified for substrates that are typical of landscapes and nursery fields, container nurseries, and propagation beds. Cut rhizome sections were analyzed by rhizome color, length, and the presence or absence of a leaf scale. Media substrates included pine bark, sand, and soil. Rhizomes darken with time and color did not account for differences in growth among treatments. When grown in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates during 45-d trials, 85%, 78%, and 69% of 2 cm-long rhizome sections produced both roots and shoots. These results contrast with previous research. When rhizome fragments 0.5 cm long did not include a leaf scale, slightly fewer than 31% produced both roots and shoots in soil. Fewer rhizomes survived in soil, but root and shoot fresh masses of soil-grown rhizomes were greater than rhizomes that were regenerated in pine bark and sand. When rhizome sections had a leaf scale, survival, fresh masses of roots and shoots, shoot height, leaf number and root lengths were greater, regardless of substrate type. Root initials emerged in the internode between leaf scales and also adjacent to leaf scales. Shoot emergence preceded root emergence from rhizome sections. Growers, landscape managers and homeowners should scout regularly and initiate aggressive controls when mugwort populations are found.
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Wilcut, John W., Roland R. Dute, Bryan Truelove, and Donald E. Davis. "Factors Limiting the Distribution of Cogongrass,Imperata cylindrica, and Torpedograss,Panicum repens." Weed Science 36, no. 5 (September 1988): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500075433.
Full textAbstract:
Greenhouse, growth chamber, and laboratory studies were conducted to determine anatomical and morphological characteristics and cultural practices limiting the distribution of cogongrass, torpedograss, and johnsongrass in the United States. Cogongrass did not produce axillary buds along most of the rhizome nor regenerate when apical six-node-long rhizome segments were buried deeper than 8 cm. Both torpedograss and johnsongrass produced axillary buds along the entire lengths of their rhizomes. Torpedograss shoot emergence decreased at burial depths between 8 and 16 cm. Shoot emergence from johnsongrass rhizomes was not affected by burial as deep as 16 cm. Rhizomes of all three species were tolerant of desiccation. Cogongrass grew better in soil at pH 4.7 than in soil at pH 6.7, whereas torpedograss and johnsongrass grew equally well in either pH. It is postulated that cogongrass spread is limited by lack of axillary bud formation on most of the rhizome and the inability of rhizomes to send up new shoots if buried deeper than 8 cm. These factors could account for the intolerance of cogongrass to cultivation. Torpedograss appears to spread only vegetatively due to the lack of viable seed production.
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Dowsett, C. A., and T. K. James. "Growth and vegetative reproduction of Chilean flame creeper (Tropaeolum speciosum) in two diverse climates of New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 68 (January 8, 2015): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2015.68.5846.
Full textAbstract:
Chilean flame creeper is a summer active perennial vine growing to 5 m or more It has an extensive rhizomatous root system and has proved very difficult to control with herbicides Both the above and below ground stems are soft without any tough outer skin or bark For these studies plants were grown in 50 litre tubs in Waikato and Southland and four replicate tubs were destructively harvested at monthly intervals to measure the root structure and top growth Plant material for both studies was sourced from an infestation at Mangaweka The rhizomes appeared to be entirely replaced with none of the remaining original root fragments sprouting in the second year Also the growing rhizomes initiated secondary rhizomes before they emerged It appears that this is the reason this species is difficult to control as the herbicides were not translocating into the secondary rhizomes The growth of Chilean flame creeper from Waikato and Southland was markedly different After 4 months growth the Waikato plants averaged 151 mm of primary rhizome and nine emerged shoots while Southland plants averaged 116 mm of rhizome and three emerged shoots At this time however plants grown in both locations had tertiary rhizomes
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Bhattacharyya, Soumi, and Nirmalya Banerjee. "Influence of Cytokinins on Rhizome Mediated Growth and Morphogenesis of an Endangered Medicinal Orchid Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 30, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v30i1.47792.
Full textAbstract:
Effects of different nutrient media, vitamins and peptone on in vitro asymbiotic seed germination of Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. were studied. In vitro developed rhizomes were used to determine the influence of cytokinins on growth and morphogenesis. Seed germination and survival rate of protocorms were highest in MS medium compared to other basal media. The protocorms raised through seed germination directly proliferated into rhizomes in later phase of growth and development. Nodal portions of rhizomes further exhibited growth through formation of direct and callus mediated protocorm like bodies. In general, three types of rhizome movements were noticed; viz. positively geotropic, negatively geotropic and diagravitropic movements. In the PGR free control and in the presence of NAA alone rhizomes exhibited positively geotropic movements. On the contrary, presence of cytokinin either alone or in combination with NAA exhibited diagravitropic movements. Application of TDZ completely suppressed the positively geotropic movement and enhanced the frequency of negatively geotropic movement of rhizomes followed by shoot bud formation. BAP was most effective cytokinin for large scale rhizome mediated multiplication of Geodorum densiflorum and TDZ could be effectively employed for rapid leafy shoot regeneration.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 65-75, 2020 (June)
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Chadha, Aakansha, Singarayer K. Florentine, Kunjithapatham Dhileepan, and Christopher Turville. "Effect of Rhizome Fragment Length and Burial Depth on the Emergence of a Tropical Invasive Weed Cyperus aromaticus (Navua Sedge)." Plants 11, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 3331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233331.
Full textAbstract:
Cyperus aromaticus (Navua sedge) is a problematic perennial weed in pastures and crops including sugarcane, banana, rice, and fruits and vegetables in tropical climates. It reproduces both via rhizomes and seeds. As a regenerative and storage organ, these rhizomes play an important part in the invasion, establishment, and persistence of this weed. To eliminate their regenerative ability, it is important to understand the regrowth potential with respect to rhizome fragment size and burial depth. This study evaluated the emergence of C. aromaticus from rhizomes in a controlled condition. Three different sizes of rhizome fragments were buried at seven depths of up to 20 cm in two soil types. The experimental measurements included (i) the time for tillers to emerge, (ii) the cumulative emergence of tillers, recorded weekly, and (iii) the number of underground emerging tillers. The cumulative shoot emergence and the number of underground tillers produced were found to be positively correlated with the initial length of the rhizome fragments and negatively correlated with the burial depth. The time for the emergence of the tillers was negatively correlated with the burial depth, and soil type had no significant effect on any of the parameters recorded. There was no emergence recorded from rhizomes buried at 15 cm depth and deeper, irrespective of their size. Our results indicate that the combination of the fragmentation of rhizomes into small pieces and a deep burial, below 15 cm, is an important aspect to control the regeneration of C. aromaticus from rhizomes, if tillage is carried out, and can therefore form a part of an integrated weed management strategy for this troublesome weed.
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Klingeman, William E., Darren K. Robinson, and Gary L. McDaniel. "Regeneration of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) from Rhizome Sections in Sand, Pine Bark, and Soil Substrates." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-22.3.139.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Regenerative potential of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) rhizome sections has not been quantified when rhizomes are transplanted into substrates encountered in landscapes and nursery fields, container nurseries, or propagation beds. Mugwort regeneration in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates was analyzed by rhizome color, length, and the presence or absence of a leaf scale. Color of rhizomes, which darken with time, did not account for differences in growth among treatments. Contrary to previous research, 85, 78, and 69% of 2 cm-long rhizome sections produced both roots and shoots when grown in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates, respectively, during 45-day trials. Slightly less than 31% of rhizome fragments 0.5 cm long without a leaf scale produced both roots and shoots in soil. Though fewer rhizomes survived in soil, root and shoot fresh weights were greater than in pine bark and sand. When rhizome sections included a leaf scale, survival, fresh weights of roots and shoots, shoot height, leaf number and root lengths were greater, regardless of substrate type. Root initials emerged both adjacent to leaf scales and in the internode between leaf scales. Shoot emergence preceded root emergence from rhizome sections.
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Bittner Fialová, Silvia, Elena Kurin, Eva Trajčíková, Lucia Jánošová, Ivana Šušaníková, Daniela Tekeľová, Milan Nagy, and Pavel Mučaji. "Mentha Rhizomes as an Alternative Source of Natural Antioxidants." Molecules 25, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010200.
Full textAbstract:
Unlike its aerial parts, the underground parts of Mentha have so far been studied only marginally. By examining the polyphenolic fingerprint, the antioxidant efficacy and the mutual antioxidant behaviour of mixtures of mint rhizomes, our study presents a modest contribution to addressing this gap. Firstly, we examined the composition of the mint rhizomes: Mentha × piperita cv. ‘Perpeta’ (MPP), M. longifolia (ML), and M. × villosa cv. ‘Snežna’ (MVS). Our LC-MS-DAD analysis revealed the presence of ten compounds belonging to groups of phenolic acids and flavonoids, of which the rosmarinic acid (RA) and lithospermic were most strongly represented. Secondly, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of rhizome infusions by DPPH and ABTS and on NIH/3T3 cell lines by DCFH-DA. Thirdly, we determined, examined, and explained the mutual interactions of rhizome infusions mixtures. While most of the combinations acted additive, synergy was observed in ternary infusion mixtures. The synergic action was also detected in the combination of MPP rhizome infusion and RA in the DCFH-DA test. The combinations of mint rhizomes and rosmarinic acid displayed a high dose-reduction index. This leads to beneficial dose reduction at a given antioxidant effect level in mixtures, compared to the dose of the parts used alone. So far, the pharmaceutical and food industry has not used mint rhizomes in commercial products. Hence, our study draws attention to further applications of the Mentha rhizomes as a valuable alternative source of natural antioxidants.
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Lu, Lilan, Peiwei Liu, Yanfang Yang, Yuxiu Zhang, Caixia Wang, Jian Feng, and Jianhe Wei. "Transcriptome analysis of Curcuma wenyujin from Haikou and Wenzhou, and a comparison of the main constituents and related genes of Rhizoma Curcumae." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): e0242776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242776.
Full textAbstract:
For more than a thousand years, Rhizoma Curcumae (known as E zhu), a Chinese herbal medicine, has been used to eradicate blood stasis and relieve aches. The plant Curcuma wenyujin, which is grown primarily in Wenzhou, China, is considered the best source of Rhizoma Curcumae. In this study, we sought to ascertain differences in transcript profiles of C. wenyujin grown in traditional (Wenzhou) and recently established (Haikou) production areas based on Illumina and RNA (RNA-seq) sequencing. We also examined differences in the main components of the volatile oil terpene; curcumin, polysaccharide, and starch constituents and related genes in the corresponding pathways, in C. wenyujin cultivated in the two production areas. We accordingly found that the essential oil (2.05%), curcumin (1.46%), and polysaccharide (8.90%) content in Wenzhou rhizomes was higher than that in the rhizomes of plants from Haikou (1.60%, 0.91%, and 6.15%, respectively). In contrast, the starch content of Wenzhou rhizomes (17.0%) was lower than that of Haikou rhizomes (23.8%). Furthermore, we detected significant differences in the oil components of Haikou and Wenzhou rhizomes, with curzerene (32.34%), curdione (21.35%), and germacrene B (9.39%) being the primary components of the essential oil derived from Wenzhou rhizomes, and curzerene (20.13%), curdione (14.73%), and cineole (9.76%) being the main constituents in Haikou rhizomes. Transcriptome and qPCR analyses revealed considerable differences in gene expression between Wenzhou and Haikou rhizomes. The expression of terpene, curcumin, and polysaccharide pathway-related genes in Wenzhou rhizomes was significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression of starch-associated genes was significantly down-regulated, compared with those in Haikou rhizomes. Difference in the content of terpene, curcumin, polysaccharides, and starch in rhizomes from the two production areas could be explained in terms of differences in expression of the related genes.
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Bessho-Uehara, Kanako, Jovano Erris Nugroho, Hirono Kondo, Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim, and Motoyuki Ashikari. "Sucrose affects the developmental transition of rhizomes in Oryza longistaminata." Journal of Plant Research 131, no. 4 (May 8, 2018): 693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-018-1033-x.
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Abstract Oryza longistaminata, the African wild rice, can propagate vegetatively through rhizomes. Rhizomes elongate horizontally underground as sink organs, however, they undergo a developmental transition that shifts their growth to the surface of the ground to become aerial stems. This particular stage is essential for the establishment of new ramets. While several determinants such as abiotic stimuli and plant hormones have been reported as key factors effecting developmental transition in aerial stem, the cause of this phenomenon in rhizome remains elusive. This study shows that depletion of nutrients, particularly sucrose, is the key stimulus that induces the developmental transition in rhizomes, as indicated by the gradient of sugars from the base to the tip of the rhizome. Sugar treatments revealed that sucrose specifically represses the developmental transition from rhizome to aerial stem by inhibiting the expression of sugar metabolism and hormone synthesis genes at the bending point. Sucrose depletion affected several factors contributing to the developmental transition of rhizome including signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and plant hormone balance.
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Tang, Wenwen, Yuan Chen, and Fengxia Guo. "Effects of topping on rhizome, and analysis of chemical composition, antioxidant activity and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition of the aerial parts in Polygonatum cyrtonema." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (November 2, 2023): e0287894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287894.
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Polygonatum cyrtonema is a perennial plant, and it has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for food and medicine. The medicinal part of P.cyrtonema is the rhizome; however, the aerial part has not been studied. To understand the effect of the topping of aerial parts on the yield and chemical components of rhizomes, as well as the chemical constituents, antioxidant, and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of the aerial stem, leave, and flower parts of P.cyrtonema, the present study was conducted. The results showed that compared to the control (CK) treatment, the topping of the aerial part increased rhizome weight gain coefficient (3.43) and the total saponin content (37.60 mg/g) significantly (P<0.01) than the CK treatment. The contents of total phenols and total flavonoids in PCL and PCF were significantly (P<0.01) higher than those in rhizomes; however, the polysaccharide content (10.47%) in PCR (whole rhizome) was higher than that in PCS (3.65%), PCL (5.99%), and PCF (4.76%) content. The protein and amino acid contents in PCS, PCL, and PCF were higher than those in rhizomes. The protein and amino acid contents in PCS, PCL, and PCF were higher than those in rhizomes. PCS, PCL, and PCF showed strong antioxidant activity (DPPH, ·OH, ABTS, and FRAP), which were better than traditional medicinal parts (the rhizome).In vitro hypoglycemic results showed that PCS, PCL, and PCF had certain inhibitory activities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase (66.25% and 52.81%), which were close to the hypoglycemic activity of rhizomes (67.96% and 52.22%). The leaf extracts also showed better inhibitory activity. To sum up, the topping measures can improve yield and total saponin content of the rhizomes from P.cyrtonema, which can be applied to improve production. The stems, leaves, and flowers had a much stronger antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities and higher the total polyphenols, flavonoids, proteins, and amino acid content. Therefore, stems, leaves, and flowers of Polygonatum can be fully developed according to different needs. they are typically used in animal feed, food storage and cosmetics.
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Paull, Robert E., Nancy Jung Chen, and Theodore T. C. Goo. "Compositional Changes in Ginger Rhizomes During Storage." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 4 (July 1988): 584–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.4.584.
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Abstract Compositional changes in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizome stored at 22° or 12.5°C were studied. The rhizome surface Hunter “b” value increased from 9.2 to 18 in 4 weeks. Water loss did not become significant until 12 weeks of storage at 22°. There was little increase in dry matter of rhizomes stored at 12.5°. Rhizome crude fiber content, oil percentage, total phenols, and protein content did not change significantly. Rhizome total sugar increased significantly during storage at 12.5° for 32 weeks with pungency increasing 5-fold, as measured by gingerol content. No significant volatile flavor changes were noted, with rhizome variation being greater than storage effect. The changes in rhizome surface color did not lead to a significant loss in quality. The increase in pungency could be regarded as a favorable improvement in the fresh ginger market. The loss of water and increase in dry matter percentage significantly decrease overall appearance and quality of rhizomes stored at 22°.
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Xie, Yue, Tong Chen, and Huazhong Ren. "Rhizome Weight and Number of Sectioning per Rhizome Determine Plantlet Growth and Propagation Rate of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni in Cutting Propagation." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 2777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112777.
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Rhizome cutting is prevalent in propagation for Hemerocallis citrina Baroni. This study aimed to reveal the influence of rhizome weight on plantlet growth, and evaluate a new cutting protocol. Three levels of rhizome weight (big (BR), medium (MR) and small (SR)) were compared by measuring plantlet growth four times during cutting propagation. Sectioning rhizomes longitudinally along shaft axis of crown into 2, 3 or 4 parts (S2, S3 and S4), was tested on rhizomes with two bud sizes (Large bud (LB), Small bud (SB)). Propagation coefficient, the number of plantlets obtained per rhizome, kept similar regardless of rhizome weight, while S3 and S4 increased propagation coefficient. Rhizome weight changed the relative growth rates on different dates. SR resulted in lower aboveground dry biomass, leaf area, total fibrous root length, relative total fibrous root length growth rate and N deficiency compared to BR. Sucrose concentration in rhizome decreased with time and fructose concentration was lowest in MR at the end of experiment. Aboveground dry biomass and total fibrous root length were lowest in S4, followed by S3 and S2. Rhizome weight and number of sectioning per rhizome influence cutting propagation, and sectioning rhizomes into three pieces has higher propagation coefficient and less retardation on growth. According to N deficiency in plantlets during the propagation, N fertiliser is probably needed during cutting.
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Paek, Kee Yoeup, and Toyoki Kozai. "Micropropagation of Temperate Cymbidium via Rhizome Culture." HortTechnology 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.3.283.
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We report the results of serial studies aimed at clarifying several factors affecting organogenesis in rhizome culture of temperate Cymbidium species and their hybrids. The growth patterns and regeneration ability of rhizomes derived from asymbiotic seed or shoot tip culture vary according to media composition, kinds and concentrations of plant growth regulators, culture conditions, and species and varieties. N6-benzyladenine was the best cytokinin for inducing shoot formation, for switching rhizome tissues into protocorm-like bodies, and for directly forming multiple shoots from branched rhizomes. Activated charcoal appeared to be necessary for producing healthy plantlets and for stimulating shoot growth at levels of 0.1% to 0.3% but concomitantly decreased rhizome growth. Sucrose at 5% was the most effective concentration for shoot induction from rhizomes. The above results support the conclusion that organogenic pathways between tropical, subtropical, and temperate Cymbidium species may be controlled by the genetic backgrounds of the species or cultivars.
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Oliveira, Ademar P. de, Márcio F. de Moura, Edna U. Alves, Anarlete U. Alves, Arnaldo Nonato P. de Oliveira, Francisco de Assis P. Leonardo, and Iordam da S. Cruz. "Yield and phenology of yam as affected by the physiological rest period of seed-rhizomes." Horticultura Brasileira 26, no. 2 (June 2008): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362008000200005.
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the rest period of seed-rhizomes in the phenology and yield of yam Da Costa (Dioscorea cayennensis). The experiment was carried out in field conditions at the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia, Brazil, from January to December 2004, in an Ustpsamment soil. A completely randomized block design was used to test three treatments, 60-, 80-, and 100-day seed-rhizome rest periods, with seven replications. Plant emergency was evaluated every ten days from 40 to 90 days after planting (DAP), as well as plant height, evaluated up to 80 DAP. The average mass of commercial rhizomes and the yield of commercial and seed-rhizomes were also assessed. At 40, 50, and 60 days after planting, plant emergency was superior for seed-rhizomes submitted to 100-day rest periods. At 70 and 80 DAP, there were no significant differences. At 90 DAP, seed-rhizomes that rested for 60 and 100 days provided around 91 and 83% of plant emergency, respectively. Concerning plant height, seed-rhizomes that rested 100 days produced the tallest plants. The average mass of commercial rhizomes and the yield of commercial and seed-rhizomes were 1.22 kg, 13.1 t ha-1, and 7.7 t ha-1, respectively, for seed rhizomes submitted to 60-day rest periods. For 100-day rest period rhizomes, the average mass of commercial rhizomes and the yield of commercial and seed-rhizomes, were 0.73 kg, 7.7 t ha-1, and 1.7 t ha-1, respectively.
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Jayasree, M., V. Radhakrishnan, and K. Mohanan. "Effect of the Status of Planting Materials on Growth and Yield of Mango Ginger (Curcuma Amada Roxb.)." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2014-yi5k31.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of the status of planting materials such as mother rhizomes, primary fingers and secondary fingers on growth and yield of Curcuma amada Roxb. (Mango Ginger) was studied in detail. Out of sixteen characters observed, ten characters including yield per plant showed significant variation depending upon the status of planting materials used. Plants produced from mother rhizomes showed significantly higher plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf area, number of secondary fingers, length of primary and secondary fingers, diameter of mother rhizome and diameter of primary fingers. Yield per plant was 35 to 50 percent higher in the crop produced by mother rhizomes indicating the advantage of using mother rhizomes as planting material.
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Dev, H. "Genetic Variability in Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 13, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2022.2941a.
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The present investigations were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during kharif season (April–November), 2011. The objective of the study was to assess the genetic variability of 40 diverse genotypes of ginger collected from different parts of the country including one recommended variety Himgiri as check. These genotypes had shown considerable variability for all the parameters studied. The observations were recorded on emergence, number of tillers and leaves plant-1, leaf length and breadth, plant girth and height, length, girth, core diameter and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes, number of primary and secondary rhizomes plant-1, yield plant-1 plot-1ha-1, incidence of rhizome rot, dry matter and oleoresin content. The genotypic coefficients of variability (GCV) were moderate for number of secondary rhizomes plant-1, weight of primary and secondary rhizomes and yield plant-1 plot-1 ha-1, whereas, the phenotypic coefficients of variability (PCV) were moderate for emergence, number of tillers and leaves plant-1, number of secondary rhizomes plant-1, weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes, yield plant-1 plot-1 ha-1, oleoresin content and incidence of rhizome rot. High heritability coupled with high and moderate genetic gain was observed for yield plot-1 ha-1 and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes indicating the importance of these characters for selection. It indicated that these traits were amenable to selection. The overall assessment showed that there was wide variability among ginger genotypes which has important implication for breeding ginger for yield and quality attributes.