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By research on strawberry root rot germ in several bases of Jilin province, cleared that the pathogen of strawberry root rot mainly were F. oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, the growth of F. oxysporum was the best when took sucrose as C source, and the growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn was the best when took starch as C source. KNO3 was the most appropriate N source to their growth. The effect of light on F. oxysporum was not great, but on Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn was great, the growth of mycelium was the fastest under alternating light and dark conditions, and had inhibition under full light conditions. Acidic conditions were suitable for mycelium growth of F. oxysporum, and the growth speed of both pathogens was the highest when PH was 6.
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Chavdarov, Petar, Liliya Krasteva, Nikolaya Velcheva, and Stefan Neykov. "Phytopathogens Causing Wilt in Pepper – Distribution, Symptoms and Identification." АГРОЗНАЊЕ 14, no. 4 (December 27, 2013): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/agren1304549c.
In 2012 the evaluation on the development and spread of phytopathogens, causing wilt in pepper was conducted. The observations were carried out under field conditions and natural infectious background in the Plovdiv region. In laboratory conditions were isolated and identified four phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Verticillium and Phytophthora. The results of the analysis showed that the highest percentage of pepper wilt was caused by the fungus - Rhizoctonia solani.
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Ajayi-Oyetunde, Olutoyosi O., and Carl A. Bradley. "Identification and Characterization of Rhizoctonia Species Associated with Soybean Seedling Disease." Plant Disease 101, no. 4 (April 2017): 520–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-16-0810-re.
In an effort to identify the Rhizoctonia spp. associated with seedling diseases of soybean, Rhizoctonia isolates were recovered from soybean seedlings with damping off and root and hypocotyl rot symptoms from Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, and the Canadian province of Ontario between 2012 and 2014. Based on cultural morphology, polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism, and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA genes, 80 isolates were confirmed to be Rhizoctonia solani, 24 were binucleate Rhizoctonia spp., and 10 were R. zeae. Of the 80 R. solani isolates, one belonged to anastomosis group (AG) 2-1, 52 belonged to AG-2-2IIIB, five belonged to AG-3 PT, three belonged to AG-4 HGI, two belonged to AG-4 HGIII, nine belonged to AG-7, and eight belonged to AG-11. Bayesian inference of phylogeny using the ITS region revealed two clades of R. solani AG-7 that possibly correspond to different AG-7 subgroups. Phylogenetic analysis also provided evidence for genetic relatedness between certain binucleate Rhizoctonia and some R. solani isolates. On ‘Williams 82’ soybean, isolates of AG-2-2IIIB were the most aggressive, followed by isolates of AG-7, AG-4, and AG-11. On ‘Jubilee’, a sweet corn cultivar, AG-2-2IIIB and AG-4 isolates caused significant stunting and root damage, whereas the damage caused by the AG-11 isolates was mostly restricted to the mesocotyl. Isolates of R. zeae and the binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. were not pathogenic on soybean or corn. Our results indicate that soybean and corn are hosts to the predominant and aggressive AG of R. solani, implying that rotation between these two crops may not be an effective management practice.
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Aziz, Brwa Azad, and Qasim Abdulla Marzani. "Molecular Identification and Management of Rhizoctonia Fragariae the Pathogen of Black Root Rot of Strawberry Plant." Science Journal of University of Zakho 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.2.364.
Strawberry plants are susceptible to a large number of pests and diseases and this can affect the quality and yield value of the fruit. Black root rot is an important disease of strawberry caused by a complex of fungi including Rhizoctonia. The most recognizable species of Rhizoctonia are R. solani and R. fragariae which are multinucleate and binucleate species, respectively. This work is aimed to isolate, identify and control the strawberry root rot caused by R. fragariae. Infected strawberry samples were collected from Erbil, Slemani, Duhok and Garmiyan Provinces. The identification of isolated fungi was achieved by using traditional methods along with molecular methods using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the later method, specific primers were designed and used to identify Rhizoctonia species. Several disease management options, including biological by using two species of Trichoderma, and chemical methods using Pristine fungicide, were also investigated. Sampling of strawberry plants revealed that the disease is prevalent in Kurdistan region and the isolated fungi, R. solani, Rhizoctonia sp., and R. fragariae, were pathogens of the disease causing crown and root rot of strawberry. PCR amplification was confirmed the identification of the species of Rhizoctonia. The results of control methods revealed that the most effective treatments were achieved using the fungicide followed by the use of the combination of T. harzianum and T. viride.
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Okubara, P. A., K. L. Schroeder, and T. C. Paulitz. "Identification and Quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction." Phytopathology® 98, no. 7 (July 2008): 837–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-98-7-0837.
Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae are the principal causal agents of Rhizoctonia root rot in dryland cereal production systems of the Pacific Northwest. To facilitate the identification and quantification of these pathogens in agricultural samples, we developed SYBR Green I-based real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) assays specific to internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of R. solani and R. oryzae. The assays were diagnostic for R. solani AG-2-1, AG-8, and AG-10, three genotypes of R. oryzae, and an AG-I-like binucleate Rhizoctonia species. Quantification was reproducible at or below a cycle threshold (Ct) of 33, or 2 to 10 fg of mycelial DNA from cultured fungi, 200 to 500 fg of pathogen DNA from root extracts, and 20 to 50 fg of pathogen DNA from soil extracts. However, pathogen DNA could be specifically detected in all types of extracts at about 100-fold below the quantification levels. Soils from Ritzville, WA, showing acute Rhizoctonia bare patch harbored 9.4 to 780 pg of R. solani AG-8 DNA per gram of soil.. Blastn, primer-template duplex stability, and phylogenetic analyses predicted that the Q-PCR assays will be diagnostic for isolates from Australia, Israel, Japan, and other countries.
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Mazzola, Mark. "Identification and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. Isolated from Apple Roots and Orchard Soils." Phytopathology® 87, no. 6 (June 1997): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1997.87.6.582.
Rhizoctonia spp. were isolated from the roots of apple trees and associated soil collected in orchards located near Moxee, Quincy, East Wenatchee, and Wenatchee, WA. The anastomosis groups (AGs) of Rhizoctonia spp. isolated from apple were determined by hyphal anastomosis with tester strains on 2% water agar and, where warranted, sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region and restriction analysis of an amplified fragment from the 28S ribosomal RNA gene were used to corroborate these identifications. The dominant AG of R. solani isolated from the Moxee and East Wenatchee orchards were AG 5 and AG 6, respectively. Binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. were recovered from apple roots at three of four orchards surveyed and included isolates of AG-A, -G, -I, -J, and -Q. In artificial inoculations, isolates of R. solani AG 5 and AG 6 caused extensive root rot and death of 2- to 20-week-old apple transplants, providing evidence that isolates of R. solani AG 6 can be highly virulent and do not merely exist as saprophytes. The effect of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. on growth of apple seedlings was isolate-dependent and ranged from growth enhancement to severe root rot. R. solani AG 5 and AG 6 were isolated from stunted trees, but not healthy trees, in an orchard near Moxee, WA, that exhibited severe symptoms of apple replant disease, suggesting that R. solani may have a role in this disease complex.
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SURYANTINI, ROSA, REINE SUCI WULANDARI, and ANDRINA SRI KASIAMDARI. "Orchid Mycorrhizae Fungi: Identification of Rhizoctonia in West Kalimantan." Microbiology Indonesia 9, no. 4 (December 2015): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5454/mi.9.4.3.
Wareing, P. W. "Identification of Rhizoctonia Species.Baruch Sneh , Lee Burpee , Akira Ogoshi." Quarterly Review of Biology 68, no. 1 (March 1993): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/417970.
JUAN-ABGONA, R. VILLA, N. KATSUNO, K. KAGEYAMA, and M. HYAKUMACHI. "Isolation and identification of hypovirulent Rhizoctonia spp. from soil." Plant Pathology 45, no. 5 (October 1996): 896–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1996.tb02900.x.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rhizoctonia Identification":
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Guillemaut, Cécile. "Identification et étude de l'écologie de Rhizoctonia solani, responsable de la maladie de pourriture brune de la betterave sucrière." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10203.
Rhizoctonia solani est un champignon tellurique responsable de dégâts importants en culture betteravière. L'identification de 311 isolats avec une méthode de type PCR-RFLP, complétée par des tests de pathogénicité a montré que les souches appartenant au groupe d'anastomose 2 subdivision 2 (AG-2-2) étaient responsables des symptômes de pourriture brune en France. La comparaison du potentiel infectieux et de la réceptivité de sols prélevés dans des zones où les betteraves sont saines/malades dans un même champ a montré que R. Solani était présent en faibles densités dans les sols naturels. Sa multiplication est très rapide en présence d'une source nutritionnelle et plus ou moins locale suivant les conditions environnementales. L'espèce végétale cultivée affecte le potentiel infectieux du sol et la sévérité des dégâts sur la culture de betterave suivante. Cela suggère qu'une meilleure gestion de l'assolement et des résidus de culture pourrait diminuer l'inoculum primaire.
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Amaradasa, Bimal Sajeewa. "Accurate identification and grouping of Rhizoctonia isolates infecting turfgrasses in MD and VA and their sensitivity to selected fungicides in vitro." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39174.
Rhizoctonia blight (sensu lato) is a common and serious disease of many turfgrass species. The most widespread causal agent R. solani consists of several genetically different anastomosis groups (AGs) and subgroups. Though anastomosis or hyphal fusion reactions have been used to group Rhizoctonia species, they are time consuming and sometimes difficult to interpret. Anastomosis reactions are incapable of identifying isolates belonging to different AG subgroups within an AG. This study evaluated molecular techniques in comparison with traditional anastomosis grouping (AG) to identify and group isolates of Rhizoctonia. More than 400 Rhizoctonia isolates were collected from diseased turfgrass leaves from eight geographic areas in Virginia and Maryland. A random sample of 86 isolates was selected and initially characterized by colony morphology, nuclei staining and anastomosis grouping. Molecular identification was performed by analysis of rDNA-ITS region and DNA fingerprinting techniques universally primed PCR (UP-PCR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The cladistic analysis of ITS sequences and UP-PCR fragments supported seven clusters. Isolates of R. solani AG 1-IB (n=18), AG 2-2IIIB (n=30) and AG 5 (n=1) clustered separately. Waitea circinata var. zeae (n=11), and var. circinata (n=4) grouped separately. A cluster of six isolates (UWC) did not fall into any known Waitea group. Most of the binucleate Rhizoctonia-like fungi (BNR) (n=16) grouped separately. AFLP grouping also largely agreed with the above results. However, UWC isolates clustered into two groups. Molecular analyses corresponded well with traditional anastomosis grouping by clustering isolates within an AG or AG subgroup together. UP-PCR cross-hybridization could distinguish closely related Rhizoctonia isolates to their infraspecies level. Genetically related isolates belonging to the same AG subgroups cross-hybridized strongly, while isolates of different AGs did not cross-hybridize or did so weakly. Sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were generated from UP-PCR products to identify isolates of major pathogenic groups AG 1-IB and AG 2-2IIIB. Specific primer pairs successfully distinguished isolates of AG 1-IB and AG 2-2IIIB from isolates of other AGs. Sensitivity of Rhizoctonia species and AGs was tested in vitro to commercial formulations of iprodione, triticonazole and pyraclostrobin. W. circinata isolates were moderately sensitive to iprodione while isolates of R. solani and BNR were extremely sensitive. Isolates of AG 2-2IIIB showed less sensitivity to triticonazole than other Rhizoctonia isolates. W. circinata var. zeae isolates were moderately sensitive to pyraclostrobin while most of the other isolates were extremely sensitive. Ph. D.
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Kasiamdari, Rina Sri. "Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other root-infecting fungi." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk1887.pdf.
Yang, Cheng-Wei, and 楊正偉. "Effect of tea seed pomace on control of cabbage seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 and identification for its major ingredient of antifungal activity." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75052350690633678854.
碩士 國立中興大學 植物病理學系所 94 Damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani kühn AG-4 is a serious disease of cabbage seedlings especially in culture medium. Tea seed pomace was added（2％,w/v）in BVB NO.4 peat moss medium infested with R. solani AG-4. It was significantly effective in inhibiting colonization of cabbage seed caused by R. solani AG-4 at 0 and 7th days after treatment. Tea seed pomace at the rate of 1％（w/v）was able to markedly reduce the disease incidence of cabbage seedling damping-off by 40％ compared to non-treatment as a control. Tea seed pomace could stimulate proliferation of beneficial microorganisms including fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes. The pH values did not change significantly after tea seed pomace was added（1％,w/v）in BVB NO.4 peat moss medium. The methnol-extractive compound was obtained from purification procedure of Diaion HP-20column chromatography and acetone fraction. The compound was characterized by Liebermann-Burchard reaction as triterpenoid saponin. The methnol-extractives were added（1％,w/v）in potato dextrose agar for evaluating their effect on mycelial growth of R. solani AG-4. The mycelial growth was markedly inhibited higher than non-treatment about 50％. Amendment of NH4NO3 or Urea was able to nullify tea seed pomace to reduce damping-off disease incidence of cabbage seedlings caused by R. solani AG-4.
Books on the topic "Rhizoctonia Identification":
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Sneh, Baruch. Identification of Rhizoctonia species. St. Paul, Minn., USA: APS Press, 1991.
Book chapters on the topic "Rhizoctonia Identification":
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Monte, Enrique, Rosa Hermosa, María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco, and Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz. "Are species concepts outdated for fungi? Intraspecific variation in plant-pathogenic fungi illustrates the need for subspecific categorization." In Trends in the systematics of bacteria and fungi, 301–19. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244984.0301.
Abstract Precise naming of a species is very important for phytopathogenic fungi because names may carry key information for the management of the fungal diseases. Naming fungal species based on morphological traits or biological properties is outdated and unreliable. This chapter provides the classification of some plant pathogenic fungi including Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Verticillum based on morphological, pathogenicity, molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Debate on species identification is no longer a question of being in favour of 'splitters' rather than of 'lumpers', but defining phytopathogenic species is particularly complicated and requires further consideration of subspecific categorizations.
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O’Brien, Philip A. "Identification and Detection of Rhizoctonia Solani Using Serological and DNA Marker Techniques." In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 177–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_15.
Conference papers on the topic "Rhizoctonia Identification":
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Nguyen, V. Zh, T. O. Dao, E. A. Kalashnikova, and Th H. Nguyen. "Isolation and identification of Rhizoctonia solani antagonist bacteria from the rhizosphere of pepper plants." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-84.
The purpose of this work is to isolate bacteria from the pepper rhizosphere that inhibit Rhizoctoniasolani and evaluate in vitro their phosphate solubilizing activity and production of siderophore. Of the different soil samples taken from the pepper fields of An Thanh, An Ninh, Quynh My, QuynhPhudistrict, ThaiBinh province, 48 bacterial strains were isolated. Of these, 5 strains (AT16, VK 4.7, VK 4.8, VK 4.12, VK 4.13) expressed as higher inhibitory Rhizoctonia solani activity were selected. Their inhibitory activity is from 11.11% to 62.22%.
