Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rhizobium leguminosarum

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rhizobium leguminosarum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Enibukun, Jesupemi Mercy, and Bolatito Esther Boboye. "Molecular characterization and evaluation of crude oil remediation potential of some rhizobia isolated from plant root nodules." Nova Biotechnologica et chimica 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/nbc.v19i1.580.

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This study aimed to determine the molecular identities and genetic relatedness of rhizobia isolated from pigeon pea and pinto beans, and assess their remediation potential in the presence of 1 %, 3 % and 5 % (w/v) crude oil in minimal medium for 7 days incubation period. Standard microbiological and molecular methods which include amplification and purification of 16S rRNA, agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequencing. Results showed molecular identities of six rhizobia from pigeon peas as Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA122, Rhizobium leguminosarum WSM2304, Bradyrhizobium japonicum N61, Rhizobium leguminosarum N741, Rhizobium leguminosarum BIHIB1217, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum E109; and three rhizobia obtained from pinto beans were Rhizobium leguminosarum N871, Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 and Bradyrhizobium japonicum SEMIA5079. All tested rhizobia (9) showed petroleum degradation ability, as they all grew in the 1, 3 and 5 % (w/v) crude oil minimal medium under laboratory conditions. B. diazoefficiens USDA122 showed the highest optical density (OD) value of 1.184 ± 0.05 on 7th day at 1 % (w/v) crude oil contamination, while R. leguminosarum N741 has the lowest OD value of 0.372 ± 0.02 at 5 % (w/v) crude oil on 7th day. For all the rhizobia, increase occurred throughout incubation period at 1, 3 and 5 % (w/v) except Rhizobium leguminosarum N741 and R. leguminosarum BIHIB1217. In conclusion, the association of R. leguminosarum BIHIB1217 and R. leguminosarum N871 from pigeon pea and pinto beans respectively, were found most effective in crude oil degradation and thus they are recommended as a promising association for remediation of crude oil spilled soils.
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Kucey, R. M. N., and M. F. Hynes. "Populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovars phaseoli and viceae in fields after bean or pea in rotation with nonlegumes." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m89-107.

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Populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaesoli and bv. viceae in southern Alberta soils were measured over a period of 4 years using a most probable number method. Five fields cropped to bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), five fields cropped to pea (Pisum sativum L.), and two fields cropped to wheat were used as test sites. Legume crops had received appropriate legume inoculants. Fields were sampled in the fall of the crop year and in the spring of the following 3 years during which fields were cropped to nonlegumes or left fallow. Numbers of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli were 100 to 1000 times higher in fields that had been planted to bean than in fields that had been planted to pea or wheat. Fields that had been planted to pea maintained populations of R. leguminosarum bv. viceae 10 to 100 times higher than fields that had been planted to bean or wheat. Wheat fields, which had never had legumes grown in them, contained between 1 and 100 rhizobia per gram of soil of both biovars of R. leguminosarum, indicating that both biovars are native to southern Alberta soils. The numbers of rhizobia did not decrease in proportion to the population of other bacteria in the soil over the duration of the experiment. Plasmid profiles of soil Rhizobium isolates obtained in the last year of the experiment showed that none of the isolates had plasmid profiles similar to those of strains added as inoculants in the 1st year of the experiment. These results show that fields cropped to legumes and receiving rhizobial inoculants in this study maintained high populations of rhizobia for several years after harvest of the legume crop.Key words: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, nodule, plasmid profiles, inoculum potential, rhizobium competition.
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Materon, L. A., J. D. H. Keatinge, D. P. Beck, N. Yurtsever, K. Karuc, and S. Altuntas. "The Role of Rhizobial Biodiversity in Legume Crop Productivity in the West Asian Highlands." Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 4 (October 1995): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700026466.

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SUMMARYThe native rhizobia capable of symbiosis with annually-sown food and forage legume crops in the Turkish highlands were surveyed and estimates made of the numbers and nitrogen fixing efficiency of native Rhizobium leguminosarum with Turkish cultivars of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and vetch (Vicia sativa L.). Native rhizobia were present in medium to high numbers in most samples but the nitrogen fixation efficiency of at least half of the isolates was poor. Vetch was somewhat less specific in its rhizobial compatibility than lentil, suggesting a potential for artificial inoculation to improve the productivity and sustainability of cropping in both species especially in areas of central and eastern Anatolia where legumes are not traditionally grown.Biodiversidad en el Rhizobium leguminosarum
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Cubo, Teresa, Francisco Romero, Jose M. Vinardell, and Jose E. Ruiz-Sainz. "Expression of the Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli melA Gene in Other Rhizobia Does Not Require the Presence of the nifA Gene." Functional Plant Biology 24, no. 2 (1997): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp96076.

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Many different Rhizobium strains produce melanin (Mel+) when grown on solid media supplemented with L-tyrosine. The composition of the media and the culture conditions are of great importance for pigment production. Previous reports showed that some Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli strains that produce the pigment in complete solid media (TY) failed to produce the pigment in minimal media (SY) supplemented with L-tyrosine or in TY liquid media. In this paper we have investigated different R. fredii, R. meliloti, R. etli and R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and phaseoli strains (all of them Mel+ in solid media) for their ability to produce the pigment in liquid media. All Rhizobium species tested, except Rhizobium etli, were Mel+ in liquid media and in all cases the pigment yielded maximum absorption peaks at 280 and 315 nm. Melanin production by other bacteria (such as Vibrio, Streptomyces or Azospirillum) is enhanced by the presence of amino acids other that tyrosine. In this paper we show that the addition of L-methionine, which is not a precursor of rhizobial melanins, stimulated pigment production by Rhizobium cultures supplemented with L-tyrosine. The role of melanin production by Rhizobium strains is unclear. One hypothesis is that the Rhizobium tyrosinase, a bifunctional copper-containing enzyme that is essential for melanin biosynthesis, could detoxify polyphenolic compounds which might accumulate in senescing nodules. We show here that R. etli and R. fredii bacteroids produced melanin, which supports the idea that bacteroids contain the enzyme tyrosinase. Previous reports showed that, in R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 8002, the expression of the tyrosinase gene (melA) is dependent on the presence of nifA, a regulatory gene that is located in the symbiotic plasmid. However, transfer of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli melA gene to pSym-cured derivatives of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii and viciae, R. fredii and Rhizobium sp. (Hedysarum) produced Mel+ transconjugants. DNA-hybridisation experiments showed that the pSym-cured strains did not contain any copy of nifA. Therefore, in contrast to the results reported on R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 8002, the expression of the melA gene in other rhizobia is not nifA-dependent. Key words: Rhizobium, melanin.
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Shahzad, Farood, Muhammad Kamran Taj, Ferhat Abbas, Muhammad Shafee, Safed Ahmed Essote, Imran Taj, and Abdul Manan Achakzai. "Microbiological studies on Rhizobium leguminosarum isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 1223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i4.49079.

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Rhizobia are the true bacteria that establish symbiotic relationship leading to the development of new root nodules. This study has been designed to evaluate the microbiological aspects of Rhizobium leguminosarum in target area. A total of 1000 (200 from each site) roots were collected from five different agriculture fields (Quetta, Pishin, Killa Abdulla, Kuchlak and Hanna Urak) and screened through different standard microbiological procedures. Results revealed that 665/1000 (66.5%) roots samples were positive for Rhizobium leguminosarum. The highest percentage was from Pishin 180/200 (18%) and Killa Abdullah 160/200 (16%). A remarkable growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum was noted at 28 to 30°C whereas, less growth was recorded at 24, 34 and 42°C. Similarly, Rhizobium leguminosarum showed growth at pH 5 to 10, but superlative pH values for the growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum were from 6 to 8 pH. The PCR reconfirmed 1300 bp band of 16S rRNA gene of Rhizobium leguminosarum. The organism was further applied as biofertilizer and showed promising results in subjected plants. Medicinal plants application showed that Rhizobium leguminosarum was sensitive to different plants. However, the effects of insecticides showed that Cypermethrin exhibited least zone of inhibition 10 and 11 mm, while Chlorpyrifos showed least zone of inhibition 14 and 17 mm by using disc and well method with (1: 16) dilution. These findings ensure the devastation of microbiota in rhizosphere with rational use of these pesticides that may result in adverse effects over crop productions in the region.
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Velázquez, Encarna, Esperanza Martı́nez-Romero, Dulce Nombre Rodrı́guez-Navarro, Martha E. Trujillo, Antonio Daza, Pedro F. Mateos, Eustoquio Martı́nez-Molina, and Peter van Berkum. "Characterization of Rhizobial Isolates of Phaseolus vulgaris by Staircase Electrophoresis of Low-Molecular-Weight RNA." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 1008–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.2.1008-1010.2001.

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ABSTRACT Low-molecular-weight (LMW) RNA molecules were analyzed to characterize rhizobial isolates that nodulate the common bean growing in Spain. Since LMW RNA profiles, determined by staircase electrophoresis, varied across the rhizobial species nodulating beans, we demonstrated that bean isolates recovered from Spanish soils presumptively could be characterized as Rhizobium etli,Rhizobium gallicum, Rhizobium giardinii,Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and bv. trifolii, andSinorhizobium fredii.
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Trinick, Michael J., Celia Miller, and Paul A. Hadobas. "Formation and structure of root nodules induced on Macroptilium atropurpureum inoculated with various species of Rhizobium." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 7 (July 1, 1991): 1520–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-196.

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Fifteen strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii formed ineffective nodules and (or) nodule-like structures (rhizobia were re-isolated from both structures) on Macroptilium atropurpureum grown in enclosed glass tubes. Bacteria were observed among the parenchyma cells surrounding the nodule-like structures. One variant of R. leguminosarum biovar trifolii (NGR66/ST) isolated from M. atropurpureum formed nodules on this host that exhibited abnormal intercellular and intracellular infection. The bacteria (NGR66/ST) were contained within threadlike structures, surrounded by matrix material. The identities of the Rhizobium strains were confirmed serologically after reisolation and in sections of nodule tissue using immunogold labelling. Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli strain NGR76 isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris formed nodules on M. atropurpureum resembling those formed by effective Bradyrhizobium strains. The association was partially effective in nitrogen fixation, and this was reflected in the nodule structure. The percentage of cells infected was lower than that in fully effective nodules. There was a high frequency of infected cells showing degeneration; these were located throughout the nodule tissue and were often adjacent to healthy infected cells. The rhizobia appeared to infect new nodule cells via infection threads, which were abundant both intercellularly and intracellularly in young, mature, and degenerating host nodule cells. Strains of R. leguminosarum biovar viceae and Rhizobium meliloti were unable to induce nodule-like structures on M. atropurpureum. Key words: Macroptilium, Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, microscopy, nodule, structure.
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George, M. L. C., J. P. W. Young, and D. Borthakur. "Genetic characterization of Rhizobium sp. strain TAL1145 that nodulates tree legumes." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-034.

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Rhizobium sp. strain TALI 145 nodulates Leucaena ieucocephaia and Phaseolus vulgaris, in addition to a wide range of tropical tree legumes. Six overlapping clones that complemented nodulation defects in leucaena and bean rhizobia were isolated and a 40-kb map of the symbiosis region was constructed. The common nod and nifA genes were situated approximately 17 kb apart, with the nodlJ genes in between. These clones enabled a derivative of TAL1145 carrying a partially deleted pSym to form ineffective nodules on both leucaena and bean, and a similar derivative of Rhizobium etli TAL182 to form ineffective nodules on bean. When two representative clones, pUHR9 and pUHR114, were each transferred to wild-type rhizobial strains, they allowed ineffective nodulation by Rhizobium meliloti on both leucaena and bean and by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae on bean. Transconjugants of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii formed effective nodules on leucaena and ineffective nodules on bean. Tn5 mutagenesis of the symbiosis region resulted in a variety of nodulation and fixation phenotypes on leucaena and bean. On the basis of 16S rRNA sequences, TAL1145 was found to be distinct from both R. tropici and NGR234, the two groups of leucaena symbionts that were previously described.Key words: Rhizobium, Leucaena leucocephala, nodulation, nitrogen fixation.
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Krugova, O. D., and N. M. Mandrovskaya. "THE NODULATION COMPETITIVENESS OF TN5-MUTANTS RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM BV. VICIAE." Agriciltural microbiology 6 (February 20, 2008): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.6.18-28.

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There has been studied the nodulation competitiveness of Tn5 mutants of pea rhizobia which were obtained from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 263 б and which had high nitrogen fixing activity and promoted the increase of both nodule number and aboveground biomass in comparison with wild strains. It was shown that the competition ability of M1 and М68 mutants did not differ from the competitive ability of strains 263 б and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 245 a of industrial strains.
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Soberón-Chávez, Gloria, and Rebeca Nájera. "Isolation from soil of Rhizobium leguminosarum lacking symbiotic information." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m89-071.

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Bacteria resembling Rhizobium leguminosarum, but lacking symbiotic information, were isolated from soil of two different geographical origins. One of these bacteria belongs to a previously described Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli somatic serogroup, is fully complemented for nodulation and nitrogen fixation by an R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli symbiotic plasmid, and is able to compete for bean nodulation with indigenous R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains. This is the first report giving evidence for persistence in soil of Rhizobium lacking symbiotic information.Key words: Rhizobium ecology, symbiotic plasmid, nodulation, plasmid transfer.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Finnie, Christine. "Protein secretion by Rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361420.

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Thorne, Stephen Howard. "Stationary phase survival of Rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265401.

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Seaman, Jonathan. "Signature-tagged mutagenesis in Rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499374.

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Rhizobia are a diverse group of symbiotic alpha-proteobacterial diazotrophs which enter a relationship with specific leguminous plants, in which the plant supplies the bacteria with required compounds whilst the bacteria reduce atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia that the plant uses as a nitrogen source. Modification of rhizobial strains has produced mutants more effective at fixing nitrogen, which in turn results in an increase in biomass of host plants under laboratory conditions but these strains are frequently out competed by wild-type strains in field studies or lost in the intervening years of a crop rotation. This study aimed to establish a library of mutants and a system for screening these strains en masse to identify some of the genes involved in competitive rhizosphere colonization in Rhizobium leguminosam.
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Heinrich, Keith. "Ecological and molecular studies on rhizobial rhizopines." Title page, contents and summary only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh469.pdf.

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Corrigendum attached to back cover. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-190). Investigates the role of rhizopines in rhizobial competition for nodulation, and to isolate the rhizopine synthesis genes in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.
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Simpkins, Sean A. "The DnaK molecular chaperone of Rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302035.

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Lusby, John. "Hemin Utilization in Rhizobium leguminosarum ATCC 14479." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3897.

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Rhizobium leguminosarum is a Gram negative, motile, nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium. Due to the scarcity of iron in the soil bacteria have developed a wide range of iron scavenging systems. The two types of iron scavenging systems used are indirect and direct. In-silico analysis of the genome identified a unique direct iron scavenging system the Hmu operon. This system has been identified in other closely related rhizobium species and is believed to be involved in utilizing heme compounds as a sole source of iron. We have attempted to characterize the role of the Hmu operon in iron utilization by monitoring the growth of R. leguminosarum ATCC 14479 in hemin supplemented media. Growth curves show that it is capable of using hemin as a sole source of iron. The outer membrane profiles were analyzed for the presence of hemin binding proteins.
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McKay, Ian. "Carbon metabolism in Rhizobium leguminosarum MNF 3841." Thesis, McKay, Ian (1988) Carbon metabolism in Rhizobium leguminosarum MNF 3841. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1988. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51790/.

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So much depends upon a red wheel barrow glazed with rain water beside the white chickens - William Carlos Williams 1923. Carbon catabolism of Rhizobium lequminosarum MNF3841 was studied in free-living cells grown in chemostat and in bacteroids. Enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway, the pentose phosphate (PP) pathway and the TCA cycle were present, though the absence of phosphofruetokinase prec1uded the operation of the complete Embden- Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway. The low activity of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase in sugar-grown cells indicated that recycling of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (produced by the ED pathway) to fructose 6-phosphate is unlikely. Further catabolism of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is probably achieved via the enzymes of the latter part of the EMP pathway which were shown to be present in this organism. In phosphate-limited chemostat culture the activities of invertase, glucose-6-phosphate de hydro- genase, the ED enzymes and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were two- to three-fold lower in cells grown on fumarate compared to the activities in cells grown on sucrose. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase also showed modulation of activity due to the nature of the growth limitation with oxygen-limited cells possessing only 50% of the activity of phosphate-limited cells when fumarate was the carbon source. None of the other sugar catabolic enzymes, nor any of those of the TCA cycle showed any modulation in response to the growth substrate or the nature of the growth limitation. Since modulation of some sugar catabolic enzymes was demonstrated in free-living cells in response to growth substrate, the preferences of free-living cells for C4-dicarboxylates, or sugars, were further investigated. In chemostat culture under phosphate-limitation MNF3841 co-utilised fumarate in combination with glucose, or sucrose, or glucose plus fructose. A slight preference for Ca-dicarboxylates was indicated, since the inhibition of sugar utilisation by fumarate was greater than the inhibition of fumarate utilisation by equivalent concentrations of glucose, or sucrose, or glucose plus fructose. Though the obvious importance of Ca-dicarboxylates as carbon sources for both free-living rhizobia and bacteroids is recognised, the ancillary enzymes required for their catabolism have not yet been identified. R. lequminosarum MNF3841 catabolised Ca-dicarboxylates and L-arabinose vi a the TCA cycle with the requirement for acetyl CoA being met by the action of malic enzyme and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Malic enzyme was present in sugar-grown free-living cells though higher levels were observed when fumarate or L-arabinose was the growth substrate. Manganese-dependent malic enzyme activity was evident with either NADP* or NAD* as the cofactor and the activity was stimulated by the presence of KC1. The activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is also required for the catabolism of sugars via the TCA cycle, was higher in sucrose-grown cells than those grown on fumarate. In addition to the TCA cycle and the ancillary enzymes (malic enzyme and pyruvate dehydrogenase) the growth of rhizobia on C4-dicarboxylates (and other substrates which feed into the TCA cycle such as L-glutamate, L-aspartate, L-histidine and L-arabinose) also requires a system of gluconeogenesis. This is accomplished in MHF3841 vi a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), fruetose-bisphosphate aldolase and fructose-bisphosphatase in conjunction with enzymes of the EMP pathway. In addition R. lequminosarum MNF3085, a PEPCK-deficient mutant, failed to grow on succinate, pyruvate, L-arabinose or L-glutamate, yet grew as well as MNF3841 on glucose, sucrose and glycerol showing that PEPCK is essential for gluconeogenesis. PEPCK and fruetose-bisphosphate aldolase were rapidly derepressed following transfer of cells from a medium with sucrose as the carbon source to one with fumarate as the carbon source. In chemostat culture, the addition of 0.1 mM sucrose caused an 80% inhibition of PEPCK and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase synthesis and 0.4 mM sucrose caused complete inhibition of PEPCK synthesis. Although Ca-dicarboxylate transport was rapidly inducible in free-living cells, bacteroids of MNF3841 isolated from pea nodules could immediately transport 1 4 C-succinate. Furthermore, blocking pyruvate dehydrogenase with arsenite resulted in bacteroids immediately accumulating pyruvate and malate from fumarate indicating that bacteroids in the nodules are in receipt of C*- dicarboxylates. Bacteroids isolated on a Percoll gradient had activities of TCA cycle enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme up to six-fold higher than those in free-living cells, whereas the activities of sugar catabolic enzymes in bacteroids were 2- to 14- fold lower than those in free-living cells grown on sucrose. These activities are a further indication that Ca-dicarboxylates (and not sugars) are the principal form of carbon catabolised by bacteroids. Additionally bacteroids of MNF3841 contained low levels of PEPCK and fruetose-bisphosphate aldolase. The bacteroid-associated PEPCK activity was clearly of bacterial and not plant origin because of its nucleotide requirement and the fact that bacteroids of MNF3085 (PEPCK deficient in the free-living form) contained no PEPCK activity. MNF3085 nodulated and fixed nitrogen as effectively as t he parent which demonstrates that the capacity to synthesise sugars via gluconeogenesis is not required for an effective symbiosis. Thus these data suggest that although bacteroids of MNF 3085 receive sufficient sugar to compensate for their gluconeogenic defect, there is insufficient sugar available to bacteroids of the wild type to completely repress the synthesis of PEPCK. A low amount of sugar available to the bacteroid suggested by these data would be in keeping with the very low activities of sugar catabolic enzymes in the bacteroid. These data in conjunction with the transport of C4-dicarboxylates by bacteroids immediately after their isolation and the elevated activities of the enzymes of C4-dicarboxylate catabolism in bacteroids indicate that C4-dicarboxylates are indeed the major carbon substrate used by them for N2 fixation.
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Delgutte, Dominique. "Introduction dans un sol agricole d'une souche de Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae marquée génétiquement : étude de sa survie, de sa multiplication, de sa dissémination et du transfert de gènes à d'autres bactéries." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS027.

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Miller, Lance Delano. "Characterization of the Chemotaxis System of the Endosymbiotic Bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19707.

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Chemotaxis is the process by which motile bacteria navigate chemical gradients in order to position themselves in optimum environments for growth and metabolism. Sensory input from both the external environment and the internal cellular environment are sensed by chemotaxis transducers and transduced to a two-component system whose output interacts with the flagellum thereby regulating motility. Chemotaxis has been implicated in establishing the endosymbiotic relationship between the motile alpha-proteobacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae and its host Pisum sativa, the pea plant. An approach combing bioinformatical sequence analysis, molecular genetics, and behavioral analysis was used to characterize the chemotaxis system of R. leguminosarum and determine its contribution to this bacterium s lifestyle. A genome search revealed the presence of two chemotaxis gene clusters, che1 and che2. Homologs of each che cluster are major chemotaxis operons controlling flagellar motility in other bacterial species. For this reason we sought to determine the contribution of each che cluster to chemotaxis in R. leguminosarum. We found that while both che clusters contribute to the regulation of motility, che1 is the major che cluster controlling chemotaxis. Using competitive nodulation assays we determined that che1, but not che2, is essential for competitive nodulation. The major che cluster, che1, encodes a chemotaxis transducer, IcpA-Rl, with a globin coupled sensor domain. Chemotaxis transducers with a globin coupled sensor domain comprise a large class of proteins found in bacteria and archaea. These proteins have been shown to bind heme and sense oxygen and are therefore termed HemATs for heme-binding aerotaxis transducers. However, sequence analysis of IcpA-Rl reveals that it lacks the requisite amino acid residues for heme-binding and is therefore unlikely to sense oxygen. We present evidence that IcpA-Rl is likely an energy transducer and represents a novel function of the globin coupled sensor domain in sensing energy related parameters.
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Gray, Kathryn Margaret. "Regulation of oxidative stress responses of rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408404.

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Books on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Hawkins, Fiona K. L. Studies on the nifA gene of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Norwich: University ofEast Anglia, 1989.

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Rossen, Lone. Molecular analysis of the nodulation genes of "Rhizobium leguminosarum". Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1985.

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Marie, Corinne. "Roles of two Rhizobium leguminosarum glucosamine synthases in symbiosis". Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1992.

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Mavridou, Annoula. Genetic loci of Rhizobium leguminosarum affecting nod gene expression. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1992.

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Burn, Joanne Elizabeth. Analysis of the regulatory nodulation gene nodD of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Norwich: Universityof East Anglia, 1989.

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Maguire, M. The regulation of the three chaperonin operons of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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Shearman, Claire Amy. Structure, function and regulation of modulation genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Norwich: University ofEast Anglia, 1986.

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Mudd, E. A. Transcription and translation from a symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1985.

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Sindhu, Satyavir Singh. Molecular analysis of lipopolysaccharide and membrane associated proteins in Rhizobium Leguminosarum. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1990.

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Gould, Phillip Spencer. Regulation and role of the three chaperonin operons of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Twelker, Sunny, Ivan J. Oresnik, and Michael F. Hynes. "Bacteriocins of Rhizobium Leguminosarum." In Highlights of Nitrogen Fixation Research, 105–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4795-2_20.

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Downie, J. A., B. P. Surin, I. J. Evans, L. Rossen, J. L. Firmin, C. A. Shearman, and A. W. B. Johnston. "Nodulation Genes of Rhizobium Leguminosarum." In Molecular genetics of plant-microbe interactions, 225–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4482-4_56.

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Colonna-Romano, S., R. Defez, M. Filser, M. Guida, M. Iaccarino, A. Lamberti, A. Riccio, et al. "Glutamine Synthetases of Rhizobium Leguminosarum." In Molecular genetics of plant-microbe interactions, 255–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4482-4_64.

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Fry, J., P. S. Poole, and M. Wood. "myo-Inositol Utilisation by Rhizobium leguminosarum." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 485. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_300.

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Aarons, S. R., and P. H. Graham. "Response of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv phaseoli to acidity." In Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH, 581–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3438-5_65.

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Mifka, H., G. W. O’Hara, A. R. Glenn, and J. G. Howieson. "Investigation of Non-Infective Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 556. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_356.

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Downie, J. Allan. "Quorum-Sensing Regulation in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae." In Roots and Soil Management: Interactions between Roots and the Soil, 223–32. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr48.c12.

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Lodwig, E. M., D. Allaway, T. Wheeler, J. A. Downie, and P. S. Poole. "Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate and Glycogen Metabolism in Rhizobium leguminosarum." In Nitrogen Fixation: From Molecules to Crop Productivity, 389. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47615-0_212.

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Kijne, J. W., G. Smit, C. L. Díaz, and B. J. J. Lugtenberg. "Attachment of Rhizobium Leguminosarum to Pea Root Hair Tips." In Recognition in Microbe-Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions, 101–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71652-2_9.

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Lugtenberg, Ben, Rund de Maagd, Ton van Brussel, Hayo Canter Cremers, Lenie Goosen-de Roo, Rob Okker, Kees Recourt, et al. "Regulatory steps in nodulation by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv viciae." In Nitrogen Fixation, 215–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6432-0_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Lobanov, A. N., and T. V. Polyudova. "Cultivation of Rhizobium leguminosarum to produce exopolysaccharide." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.150.

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While studying the bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum from different sources, a strain was isolated. Its growth on a liquid nutrient medium is accompanied by the accumulation of a significant amount of exopolysaccharide substance.
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Kimeklis, А. К., Т. S. Aksenova, G. V. Gladkov, I. G. Kuznetsova, А. L. Sazanova, V. I. Safronova, А. А. Belimov, et al. "Vavilovia formosa rhizobia symbionts belong to Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae species, but form a separate group within it." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.119.

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Ecological isolation, group separation of hkg and sym genes, along with the results of the sterile tube test demonstrate that symbionts of V. formosa belong to R. leguminosarum bv. viciae species, but form a separate group within it.
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"Влияние экзогенных конечных продуктов глубокого гликирования на первичный метаболом культуры Rhizobium leguminosarum." In SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS (SBB-2020). Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2020-70.

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Shumilina, Yu S., E. M. Dynasty, A. V. Sobolev, K. Ealing, A. A. Tsarev, A. V. Kuznetsova, A. VascoVidal, et al. "The effect of exogenous deep glycation end products on proteome changes Rhizobium leguminosarum." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-491.

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Aksenova, T. S., O. P. Onishchuk, O. N. Kurchak, E. E. Andronov, and N. A. Provorov. "Study of the genetic organization of the strain Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii forming a symbiosis with clover Trifolium ambiguum." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.014.

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R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains are characterized by narrow host specificity. We have identified a strain that forms nodules on several types of clover and studied the genetic organization of its symbiotic region.
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Didovich, S. V., O. P. Alekseenko, and A. N. Pas'. "Symbiotic efficiency of nodule bacteria strains on legumes." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.08.

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Nowadays, ecologization is one of the important tasks for agriculture. Microbiological preparations based on nodule bacteria application in agriculture is a significant part of organic crop production. Symbiotic efficiency of 13 nodule bacteria strains from the Crimean collection of microorganisms of the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea” (http://www.ckp- rf.ru/usu/507484/) was studied in our research. In laboratory conditions, we established that four strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae and five strains of Bradуrhizobium japonicum have high symbiotic efficiency to Pisum sativum L., Lathyrus sativus L., Glycinе max L.(Merr.). These strains are recommended for identifying highly effective ones to modern cultivars of these legumes in the conditions of the steppe zone of Crimea.
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Akimova, G. P., and M. G. Sokolova. "INFLUENCE RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM ON PRO- AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY PEROXIDASE OF ROOTS OF PEAS AT INITIAL STAGES INFECTION." In The All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental". SIPPB SB RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31255/978-5-94797-319-8-47-49.

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Krasichkova, E. D., and O. G. Volobueva. "STUDY OF THE SPECIFICITY OF THE INTERACTION OF RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM BV. VICEA STRAINS WITH PLANTS PEAS AND RANKS." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-190.

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The data on the area under crops of quinoa, the yield and production volume of this crop in the main producing countries, as well as information on the volume of imports and the cost of quinoa grain in the world market are presented.
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Kuznetsova, A. V., Yu S. Shumilina, E. M. Dynasty, K. Ealing, V. V. Chantseva, A. A. Tsarev, A. Vasco Vidal, et al. "Changes in the metabolism and redox status of Rhizobium leguminosarum under the influence of exogenous end products of deep glycation." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-245.

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Makarova, L. E., A. S. Morits, N. A. Sokolova, and I. S. Nesterkina. "STUDY OF THE PHTHALATES COMPOSITION IN THE PEA SEEDLINGS ROOT EXUDATES INOCULATED WITH RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM BV. VICEAE AND PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE PV. PISI AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES." In The All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental". SIPPB SB RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31255/978-5-94797-319-8-488-491.

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Reports on the topic "Rhizobium leguminosarum"

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Ron, Eliora, and Eugene Eugene Nester. Global functional genomics of plant cell transformation by agrobacterium. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695860.bard.

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The aim of this study was to carry out a global functional genomics analysis of plant cell transformation by Agrobacterium in order to define and characterize the physiology of Agrobacterium in the acidic environment of a wounded plant. We planed to study the proteome and transcriptome of Agrobacterium in response to a change in pH, from 7.2 to 5.5 and identify genes and circuits directly involved in this change. Bacteria-plant interactions involve a large number of global regulatory systems, which are essential for protection against new stressful conditions. The interaction of bacteria with their hosts has been previously studied by genetic-physiological methods. We wanted to make use of the new capabilities to study these interactions on a global scale, using transcription analysis (transcriptomics, microarrays) and proteomics (2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry). The results provided extensive data on the functional genomics under conditions that partially mimic plant infection and – in addition - revealed some surprising and significant data. Thus, we identified the genes whose expression is modulated when Agrobacterium is grown under the acidic conditions found in the rhizosphere (pH 5.5), an essential environmental factor in Agrobacterium – plant interactions essential for induction of the virulence program by plant signal molecules. Among the 45 genes whose expression was significantly elevated, of special interest is the two-component chromosomally encoded system, ChvG/I which is involved in regulating acid inducible genes. A second exciting system under acid and ChvG/Icontrol is a secretion system for proteins, T6SS, encoded by 14 genes which appears to be important for Rhizobium leguminosarum nodule formation and nitrogen fixation and for virulence of Agrobacterium. The proteome analysis revealed that gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a metabolite secreted by wounded plants, induces the synthesis of an Agrobacterium lactonase which degrades the quorum sensing signal, N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL), resulting in attenuation of virulence. In addition, through a transcriptomic analysis of Agrobacterium growing at the pH of the rhizosphere (pH=5.5), we demonstrated that salicylic acid (SA) a well-studied plant signal molecule important in plant defense, attenuates Agrobacterium virulence in two distinct ways - by down regulating the synthesis of the virulence (vir) genes required for the processing and transfer of the T-DNA and by inducing the same lactonase, which in turn degrades the AHL. Thus, GABA and SA with different molecular structures, induce the expression of these same genes. The identification of genes whose expression is modulated by conditions that mimic plant infection, as well as the identification of regulatory molecules that help control the early stages of infection, advance our understanding of this complex bacterial-plant interaction and has immediate potential applications to modify it. We expect that the data generated by our research will be used to develop novel strategies for the control of crown gall disease. Moreover, these results will also provide the basis for future biotechnological approaches that will use genetic manipulations to improve bacterial-plant interactions, leading to more efficient DNA transfer to recalcitrant plants and robust symbiosis. These advances will, in turn, contribute to plant protection by introducing genes for resistance against other bacteria, pests and environmental stress.
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