Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rhinosinusitis'
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1
Sharman, Mellora J. "Mycotic rhinosinusitis in dogs." Thesis, Sharman, Mellora J (2011) Mycotic rhinosinusitis in dogs. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/5816/.
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Vaidyanathan, Sriram. "Optimising therapeutic strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/337b63fd-4590-4ef9-a55f-8bf447986906.
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The aim of this thesis is to evaluate and optimise current pharmacotherapeutic options in rhinosinusitis. There is often a marked variation in treatment response in those afflicted with chronic rhinosinusitis, both within and between patients, attributable in part to different disease phenotypes/endotypes, poor awareness of treatment optimization options, and trivialization of symptoms by patients and physicians. Characteristically, these factors contribute to a typical remitting and relapsing disease course. The objectives of this work are to improve the therapeutic index and reach of commonly used medications by boosting efficacy whilst reducing concomitant side effects. The third chapter explores the use of initial oral steroids in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis, focusing on the role of the ostiomeatal complex in the perpetuation of disease symptoms. Often a short course of oral steroids is used in patients with moderate to severe disease to achieve initial control before maintenance with intranasal steroids. This is termed as a ‘medical polypectomy’ and anecdotally is commonly used in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). However, the evidence for its efficacy is tenuous and there are no data to evaluate if it indeed re-establishes ostiomeatal sinus complex drainage which is a condicio sine qua non of ensuring long-term symptom resolution. Further, it is known that monotherapy with nasal steroids may result in loss of symptom control. We have therefore in a double-blind placebo controlled trial (Chapter 4) evaluated the effect of this initial induction with oral steroids on subsequent sequential intranasal therapy. Perhaps, however, more crucially we have for the first time comprehensively addressed the safety of both oral and topical steroids in patients with CRSwNP who have other concomitant steroid-dependent illnesses like asthma and COPD. A particularly refractory subset of those with CRSwNP also have aspirin intolerance and asthma. While recent guidelines have recommended more aspirin challenge testing in these patients, it is unclear what the significance of a positive test is in the absence of overt clinical symptoms or in patients with only moderate disease. This is addressed in Chapter 5, as this significant phenotype of aspirin intolerant rhinosinusitis need close monitoring, dose optimization, polytherapy, and in selected cases may be suitable for aspirin desensitization. Penultimately, we evaluate in a double-blind placebo controlled trial (Chapter 6) the tachyphylaxis and rebound congestion that blights the medium to long-term use of sympathomimetic nasal decongestant sprays like oxymetazoline and if this can be reversed by the concomitant use of nasal steroids. We also characterized nasal blood flow as an outcome to evaluate in these patients and its relation to other rhinological outcome measures (Chapter 7).
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Erskine, Sally. "The epidemiology and experience of chronic rhinosinusitis." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/66950/.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and debilitating disorder. There is a deficit of knowledge about the epidemiology of CRS or the experience of sufferers. The aims of the study were to identify differences in socio-economic variables and quality of life between patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and healthy controls, to identify any significant associations between CRS and other medical co-morbidities, psychiatric disease or environmental exposures and to explore the experience of CRS from the perspective of CRS sufferers. This study consisted of a self-reported questionnaire distributed from 30 ENT clinics across the UK, and qualitative interviews with 21 patients with CRS. Additional studies were undertaken to support this work including further qualitative interviews with patients who have disturbed olfaction, and studies to assess new or unproven treatment regimens including a feasibility study for Clarithromycin for CRS and a trial of sodium citrate for hyposmia. No clear differences in socioeconomic variables were identified between cases and controls. CRS was found to be strongly associated with asthma and inhaled allergies as well as significantly impairing quality of life. Quality of life issues were very important to sufferers, and had been poorly addressed, particularly with regards to sense of smell. Further research is needed to better understand and manage CRS although better adherence to current guidelines would improve care in the interim.
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Kysylytsia, S. O. "Conservative methods of treatment of acute rhinosinusitis." Thesis, БДМУ, 2022. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19365.
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Хижня, Ярослава Володимирівна, Ярослава Владимировна Хижня, Yaroslava Volodymyrivna Khyzhnia, В. С. Бабич, and В. І. Ситнік. "Антибіотикотерапія гострого риносинусита." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2003. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9373.
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Kristo, A. (Aila). "Acute rhinosinusitis during upper respiratory infection in children." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514278720.
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Abstract
Acute rhinosinusitis is estimated to be one of the most common diseases in childhood. Still, the diagnostics and clinical relevance of this disease are controversial.
Bacterial rhinosinusitis cannot be differentiated from mere rhinitis on clinical grounds alone. Abnormal radiologic findings have been found to be common in child and adult volunteers without sinus symptoms and in adults during viral upper respiratory infection. In children, the results of the few placebo-controlled studies on the benefit of antimicrobial treatment of clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis are controversial. Bacteriologic cultures obtained from the middle meatus by rigid nasal endoscopy have been introduced as a way to determine the bacteriology of the maxillary sinus in adults, but they have not been studied in children with acute symptoms.
In this thesis, incidental paranasal abnormalitites were found to be common in healthy school children examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Some of these abnormalities resolved during a follow-up period of 6 months, but new abnormalities appeared in some children. MRI abnormalities of the paranasal sinuses were found to be much more common in children with acute upper respiratory infections, and most of these abnormalities resolve spontaneously. Children with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed clinically and by imaging did not benefit from cefuroxime treatment as compared to placebo. Pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Moraxella catarrhalis) in the nasal middle meatus during acute upper respiratory infection predicted longer duration of the symptoms and signs of common cold.
Based on these findings, imaging methods should not be used in the diagnostics of acute rhinosinusitis in children. Similarily, incidental imaging findings of abnormalities in the paranasal sinuses or in children with symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis are not an indication for antimicrobial treatment. Because middle meatal pathogenic bacteria were found to predict prolonged symptoms of upper respiratory infection, a randomized controlled trial is needed to evaluate the clinical value of middle meatal culture in identifying the children who would benefit from antimicrobial treatment during acute respiratory infection.
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Vento, Seija. "Nasal polypoid rhinosinusitis : clinical course and etiological investigations." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/vento/.
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Hisir, Selma [Verfasser]. "Nosologie, Komorbiditäten und Kausalitäten der chronischen Rhinosinusitis / Selma Hisir." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161008586/34.
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Autio, T. (Timo). "Development and diagnostics of bacterial acute rhinosinusitis in young adults." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526214726.
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Abstract Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a common condition often treated with antibiotics, even though the cause is usually viral. Despite the commonness of ARS, there is limited evidence on the development and diagnosis of bacterial cases. So far, we lack prospective studies where the bacterial cause would have been confirmed with a bacterial culture of the paranasal sinus aspirate. The purpose of the study was to investigate the course of ARS with a prospective inception cohort study among young adults with ARS, using sequential and standardized methods. To differentiate viral and bacterial ARS, maxillary sinus aspiration and a bacterial culture were used as a reference standard for bacterial ARS. Fifty conscripts with ARS were recruited between February and April 2012. Eight patients (16%) had a positive culture from the maxillary sinus aspirate at 9–10 days and thus, had bacterial ARS. Viral and bacterial coinfection resulted in extensive paranasal mucosal abnormalities and increased symptoms during the episode. The paranasal mucosal abnormalities developed rapidly and remained relatively constant during the episode in both bacterial and non-bacterial ARS. A change in inflammatory biomarker levels indicated both local and systemic inflammatory responses, which were strongest at the onset of symptoms. Symptoms or their changes were of little use in diagnosing bacterial ARS, but secretion seen in the nasal cavity, posterior pharynx or middle meatus predicted bacterial ARS quite well. These results suggest that bacterial infection may modify symptoms and paranasal abnormalities already at the beginning of an ARS episode, although the spread of paranasal abnormalities may not be an etiological factor in the development of bacterial ARS. ARS involves local and systemic inflammatory responses, which are strongest at the beginning of the episode. Examination of the nose and throat is recommended for diagnosing bacterial ARSTiivistelmä Nenän äkillinen sivuontelotulehdus on tavallinen tauti, jonka hoitoon käytetään paljon antibiootteja, vaikka sen aiheuttaja on useimmiten virus. Bakteerin aiheuttaman tautimuodon kehittymisestä ja diagnostiikasta ei ole julkaistu tutkimuksia, joissa potilaita olisi seurattu taudin alusta lähtien ja bakteerin olemassaolo olisi varmistettu nenän sivuontelosta otetulla bakteerinäytteellä. Tämän väitöskirjatyön tarkoituksena oli selvittää nenän äkillisen sivuontelotulehduksen kulkua käyttämällä toistuvia, standardisoituja menetelmiä. Bakteerin aiheuttama tauti todettiin poskiontelopistolla ja bakteeriviljelyllä. Tutkimukseen osallistui viisikymmentä (50) äkilliseen ylähengitystieinfektioon sairastunutta varusmiestä keväällä 2012. Kahdeksalla (16 %) potilaalla todettiin bakteerin aiheuttama tauti poskiontelopiston avulla 9–10 päivää oireiden alkamisen jälkeen. Viruksen ja bakteerin sekainfektio aiheutti laajemmat sivuonteloiden tulehduslöydökset ja voimakkaammat oireet kuin pelkän viruksen aiheuttama tauti. Sivuonteloiden tulehduslöydökset kehittyivät nopeasti ja pysyivät sekä bakteerin että viruksen aiheuttamassa taudissa varsin muuttumattomina. Tulehdusmerkkiaineiden muutokset osoittivat sekä paikallisen, että yleisen tulehdusreaktion, jotka olivat voimakkaimmillaan taudin alussa. Oireet tai niissä taudin aikana tapahtuneet muutokset eivät osoittautuneet hyviksi merkeiksi bakteerin aiheuttaman taudin toteamiseksi, mutta eritteen näkyminen nenässä, nielussa tai keskikäytävässä ennakoi hyvin bakteerin aiheuttaman sivuontelotulehduksen toteamista. Bakteeri saattaa vaikuttaa oireisiin ja sivuonteloiden tulehduslöydöksiin jo nenän äkillisen sivuontelotulehduksen alussa, mutta tulehduslöydösten laajuus ei välttämättä liity bakteerin aiheuttaman taudin kehittymiseen. Nenän äkilliseen sivuontelotulehdukseen liittyy paikallinen ja yleinen tulehdusreaktio, jotka ovat voimakkaimmillaan taudin alussa. Potilaan nenän ja nielun tutkiminen on tärkeää bakteerin aiheuttaman nenän sivuontelotulehduksen toteamiseksi
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Wallwork, Benjamin, and n/a. "The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Macrolide Antibiotics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Griffith University. School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070201.160023.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disorder of chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. It is associated with significant symptoms and impairment of the quality of life of sufferers. Despite recent advances in the medical and surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis, there remains a population of patients who fail to obtain relief from their symptoms. Chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is one of the hallmarks of chronic rhinosinusitis. This inflammation is demonstrated by an increased number of chronic inflammatory cells, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of adhesion molecules and metaplastic changes in the epithelium. The current medical treatments for chronic sinusitis aim to reduce this inflammation and consequently improve symptoms. In recent years, evidence has emerged that macrolide antibiotics have an anti-inflammatory effect that is separate from their anti-bacterial effect. This effect was first described in the treatment of diffuse panbronchiolitis, a disorder of chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Following the success of macrolides in treating this condition it was trialed in chronic rhinosinusitis. Several open-label trials have subsequently demonstrated a beneficial effect. Laboratory studies have investigated the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of macrolides. These have shown that macrolides effect cytokine production, inflammatory cell apoptosis, expression of adhesion molecules, neutrophil oxidative burst, bacterial virulence and mucociliary function. In this thesis we report a series of experiments designed to further investigate the mechanism of action and clinical effect of macrolides. In vitro studies using whole sections of chronic rhinosinusitis mucosa cultured for 24 hours in macrolide, prednisolone or control showed that macrolide and prednisolone produced significant reductions in the production of interleukin-5, interleukin-8 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. The same cultured specimens also showed a reduction in expression of transforming growth factor-?. No reduction was seen in the expression of the key pro-inflammatory nuclear transcription factor Nuclear factor-?B. In our in vivo experiments, biopsies were taken from chronic rhinosinusitis patients who had received a 3-month course of macrolide. These biopsies showed a reduction in the number of neutrophils present following treatment. There was no reduction in the number of other inflammatory cells or in the expression of TGF-? and NK-?B. We have performed the first ever double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of macrolide in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Patients receiving macrolide showed significant improvements in saccharine transit time, nasal endoscopic scoring and symptom scores following a 12 week course. Patients with low levels of serum immunoglobulin E showed significantly improved outcomes compared to those with high levels. Interleukin-8 levels in nasal lavage fluid were significantly reduced in the patients with low levels of IgE following macrolide treatment. No improvements in any of the objective or subjective outcome measures were seen in the placebo-treated patients. We have performed a series of experiments investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of macrolide antibiotics from 'the bench to the bedside'. These experiments have provided insight into the mechanism of action of macrolides in the laboratory setting and evidence of a beneficial effect in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis patients.
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Wallwork, Benjamin. "The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Macrolide Antibiotics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367299.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disorder of chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. It is associated with significant symptoms and impairment of the quality of life of sufferers. Despite recent advances in the medical and surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis, there remains a population of patients who fail to obtain relief from their symptoms. Chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is one of the hallmarks of chronic rhinosinusitis. This inflammation is demonstrated by an increased number of chronic inflammatory cells, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of adhesion molecules and metaplastic changes in the epithelium. The current medical treatments for chronic sinusitis aim to reduce this inflammation and consequently improve symptoms. In recent years, evidence has emerged that macrolide antibiotics have an anti-inflammatory effect that is separate from their anti-bacterial effect. This effect was first described in the treatment of diffuse panbronchiolitis, a disorder of chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Following the success of macrolides in treating this condition it was trialed in chronic rhinosinusitis. Several open-label trials have subsequently demonstrated a beneficial effect. Laboratory studies have investigated the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of macrolides. These have shown that macrolides effect cytokine production, inflammatory cell apoptosis, expression of adhesion molecules, neutrophil oxidative burst, bacterial virulence and mucociliary function. In this thesis we report a series of experiments designed to further investigate the mechanism of action and clinical effect of macrolides. In vitro studies using whole sections of chronic rhinosinusitis mucosa cultured for 24 hours in macrolide, prednisolone or control showed that macrolide and prednisolone produced significant reductions in the production of interleukin-5, interleukin-8 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. The same cultured specimens also showed a reduction in expression of transforming growth factor-?. No reduction was seen in the expression of the key pro-inflammatory nuclear transcription factor Nuclear factor-?B. In our in vivo experiments, biopsies were taken from chronic rhinosinusitis patients who had received a 3-month course of macrolide. These biopsies showed a reduction in the number of neutrophils present following treatment. There was no reduction in the number of other inflammatory cells or in the expression of TGF-? and NK-?B. We have performed the first ever double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of macrolide in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Patients receiving macrolide showed significant improvements in saccharine transit time, nasal endoscopic scoring and symptom scores following a 12 week course. Patients with low levels of serum immunoglobulin E showed significantly improved outcomes compared to those with high levels. Interleukin-8 levels in nasal lavage fluid were significantly reduced in the patients with low levels of IgE following macrolide treatment. No improvements in any of the objective or subjective outcome measures were seen in the placebo-treated patients. We have performed a series of experiments investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of macrolide antibiotics from 'the bench to the bedside'. These experiments have provided insight into the mechanism of action of macrolides in the laboratory setting and evidence of a beneficial effect in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis patients.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences
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Migliavacca, Raphaella de Oliveira. "Modelo experimental de rinossinusite crônica em coelhos sem utilização de bactérias : comparação de técnicas de indução." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61886.
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Os modelos experimentais têm um papel importante no conhecimento dos mecanismos envolvidos na patogênese da rinossinusite crônica (RSC). Objetivos: comprovar que sem inoculação de bactérias seria possível induzir alterações histológicas crônicas nos seios maxilares de coelhos através da obstrução do óstio de drenagem dos mesmos, produzindo um modelo experimental consistente e reproduzível para RSC. Secundariamente, comparar achados inflamatórios entre duas técnicas de oclusão do óstio do seio maxilar com N-butil cianocrilato: via transmaxilar (VTM) e via teto de fossa nasal (VTFN). Métodos: estudo experimental randomizado cego em animais de laboratório realizado na Unidade de Experimentação Animal do Centro de Pesquisa do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, no qual foram sorteados dezesseis coelhos Nova Zelândia entre oclusão do seio maxilar direito VTM ou VTFN. Após 12 semanas de seguimento, os animaisforam anestesiados e sacrificados para análise histopatológica cegada da mucosa do seio maxilar. Resultados: apresentavam alterações histopatológicas compatíveis com RSC os oito (100%) seios maxilares intervindos através da técnica VTM e três (37,5%) através da técnica VTFN, com p 0,008 e 0,250, respectivamente, quando comparados lado direito com o lado controle. Comparando-se as duas técnicas de oclusão, a técnica VTM mostrou-se mais consistente em provocar alterações crônicas nas mucosas dos seios maxilares ocluídos (p 0,026). Conclusões: O modelo do presente trabalho obteve sucesso em provocar alterações histológicas compatíveis com RSC nos animais submetidos à técnica de oclusão VTM com seguimento de 12 semanas, podendo ser facilmente replicável para futuros estudos celulares na mucosa sinusal.Experimental models have an important role in understanding the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Objectives: To demonstrate that, without the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria, it is possible to induce chronic histological changes in the maxillary sinuses of rabbits secondary to sinus ostium obstruction, producing a consistent and reproducible experimental model for CRS. Secondly, to compare inflammatory findings between two techniques of experimental occlusion of the maxillary sinus ostium with N-butyl cyanoacrylate: transmaxillary and through the roof of the nasal cavity. Methods: In a randomized, blinded, experimental study, 16 New Zealand rabbits were assigned for occlusion of the right maxillary sinus through a transmaxillary approach or through the roof of the nasal cavity. The contralateral sinus was left undisturbed to serve as a control. After 12 weeks of follow-up, the animals were anesthetized and sacrificed for blinded histopathological analysis of the maxillary sinus mucosa. Results: Histopathological changes consistent with CRS were found in eight (100%) of the maxillary sinuses approached transmaxillary and three of thoseapproached through the roof of the nasal cavity (37.5%), p 0.008 and 0.250, respectively, comparing the right to the left control sinus. Comparing the occlusion techniques, the transmaxillary approach was more consistent in causing chronic mucosal changes (p 0.026). Conclusions: The proposed model was successful in causing histological changes compatible with CRS in animals subjected to sinus occlusion with a transmaxillary approach followed-up for 12 weeks. This experimental model can be easily replicated for future cellular studies of the sinus mucosa.
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Merse, Stefanie [Verfasser], and Philipp [Akademischer Betreuer] Dost. "Intranasale Reflex-Therapie bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis / Stefanie Merse. Betreuer: Philipp Dost." Duisburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077439210/34.
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Jategaonkar, Ameya. "Management of Rhinosinusitis During Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Expert Panel Recommendations." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/603631.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.Background: Rhinosinusitis, both acute and chronic, represents a common disease. Approximately 29.6 million adults in the United States suffer from sinusitis with 11 million suffering from CRS1. The multicenter GA2LEN study showed that amongst lifetime nonsmokers, women were at a greater risk of being affected by chronic rhinosinusitis than men2. Various other rhinologic manifestations of pregnancy have also been described. Nevertheless, management of rhinosinusitis during pregnancy is poorly described in the literature. Objectives: 1. Conduct a systematic review of the literature for the management of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) during pregnancy. 2. Make evidence based recommendations on the management of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis during pregnancy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Search terms included “rhinitis” OR “sinusitis” OR “rhinosinusitis” AND “pregnant” OR “women” OR “gender”. Title, abstract, and full manuscript review was conducted. Full manuscripts including citations and references were reviewed if the abstract noted any gender specific outcomes. A multispecialty panel of experts in the fields of rhinology, allergyimmunology, and obstetrics‐gynecology was invited to review the systematic review. Recommendations were sought on the use of the following for the management of CRS during pregnancy: oral corticosteroids, antibiotics, leukotriene antagonists, topical corticosteroid sprays/irrigations/drops, aspirin desensitization, elective surgery for CRS, and vaginal birth vs. planned cesarean delivery for patients with history of skull base erosions or CSF rhinorrhea. Results: 3052 abstracts were screened, and 88 manuscripts were reviewed. No relevant level 1, 2 or 3 studies were found. Expert panel recommendations were synthesized. Conclusions: Several recommendations were made. These include continuing all modern topical corticosteroids for CRS maintenance, using pregnancy safe antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis and CRS exacerbations, and discontinuing aspiring therapy for desensitization in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease.
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Cardoso, Isabel Cristina Espíndola. "Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e etiológicos de 82 casos de rinossinusite fúngica no Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/150992.
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Descrição: A rinossinusite fúngica (RSF) é uma infecção oportunística, caracterizada pela inflamação da mucosa nasal e dos seios paranasais. É considerada um problema emergente na clínica médica diária, com prevalência aumentada nas últimas décadas, com etiologia nos mais diversos fungos ubíquos. Objetivos: Este trabalho objetivou analisar todos os casos de RSF pertencentes ao banco de dados do Laboratório de Micologia da Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, no período de 28 anos (1986-2014), relacionando-os com as características clínicas e epidemiológicas. Materiais e métodos: O estudo foi retrospectivo observacional, resultando em uma série de 82 casos, confirmados histopatologicamente e pelos exames micológicos para identificação de fungos, comparados-os com os achados nas imagens radiológicas. Resultados: Foram identificados 54 casos de RSF por aspergilose, com predominância do agente etiológico Aspergillus fumigatus (14/54), e 27 casos de RSF por fungos diferentes do gênero Aspergillus, com superioridade de isolamento de agentes responsáveis por hialohifomicoses (12/27). Configurado, nestes achados, o ineditismo de três casos em nosso meio, com destaque para o primeiro caso de RSF e infecção humana por Trichoderma asperellum. Conclusões: Estes achados representam a maior casuística brasileira identificada, podendo contribuir para uma melhor compreensão epidemiológica, melhorando os critérios de suspeição médica, refletindo na efetividade dos tratamentos, principalmente, no diagnóstico dos casos de RSF invasiva, com altas taxas de mortalidade.Description: The fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is an opportunistic infection characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. It is considered an emerging problem in daily medical practice, with prevalence increased in recent decades, with etiology in diverse ubiquitous fungi. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze all cases of RSF belonging to the Mycology Laboratory of the database of the Brotherhood of the Santa Casa of Misericordia Porto Alegre during the period of 28 years (1986-2014), relating them with the clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Methods: The study was observational retrospective, resulting in a series of 82 cases confirmed by histopathological and mycological examinations for identification of fungi, compared them with the findings on radiographs. Results: We identified 54 cases of aspergillosis by RSF, especially the etiologic agent Aspergillus fumigatus (14/54), and 27 cases of RSF different fungi Aspergillus, with insulation superiority of agents responsible for hyalohyphomycosis (12/27). Configured, these findings, the three cases unprecedented in our country, especially the first case of human infection with RSF and Trichoderma asperellum. Conclusions: These findings represent the largest identified Brazilian series and can contribute to a better epidemiological understanding, improving clinical suspicion criteria, reflecting the effectiveness of treatments, mainly in diagnosing cases of invasive RSF, with high mortality rates.
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Марцинковська, І. Р., and Ю. В. Донецька. "Лікування поліпозного риносинуситу: рецидиви та вплив на бронхіальну астму." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58123.
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Поєднання поліпозного риносинуситу (ПРС), бронхіальної астми (БА) і непереносимості нестероїдних протизапальних препаратів являє собою серйозну проблему. ПРС – це рецидивуюча хвороба, яка веде до ускладнення носового дихання й нюху, також являється фактором ризику маніфестації бронхіальної астми.
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Хижня, Ярослава Володимирівна, Ярослава Владимировна Хижня, Yaroslava Volodymyrivna Khyzhnia, Т. О. Грицай, В. А. Сухарєва, and А. В. Грищенко. "Досвід застосування препарату "Фламідез" у хворих на гострий риносинусит." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58161.
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Гострий риносинусит – це гостре захворювання, що характеризується запаленням слизової оболонки порожнини носа та навколоносових пазух. У практичній діяльності лікаря-отоларинголога хворі на гострий риносинусит становлять близько 30% від загальної кількості пацієнтів.
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Whitney, Joanna. "Immunopathogenesis of feline upper respiratory tract aspergillosis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21338.
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Feline upper respiratory tract aspergillosis (URTA) is a recently characterised condition most commonly reported in apparently immunocompetent cats. The hypothesis of this thesis is that cats with URTA have a genetic abnormality in their innate immune response that allows colonisation and invasion of the sinonasal mucosa by the Aspergillus spp. The overall aim was to investigate the innate immune system in cats with URTA. Sinonasal mucosal leucocyte populations where characterised using immunohistochemistry. Significantly more immunoglobulin-expressing cells were identified in affected cats which is not consistent with the T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cell-mediated response that confers protective immunity against invasive aspergillosis. The entire coding region of TLR4 was sequenced in 8 breed groups of domestic cats. Twenty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in TLR4, 16 in the coding region (11 non-synonymous). Burmese and British shorthairs most commonly differed from other breeds in allelic frequency. In-silico analyses predicted a possible deleterious effect of one SNP (c.869G>A) on protein structure, which was not associated with a specific breed. The coding and flanking regions of TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 were sequenced in 14 cats with URTA. Twenty-three non-synonymous SNPs were identified in TLR1 (n=11), TLR2 (n=3) and TLR4 (n=10). Differences in allelic frequency between affected and controls were not identified either within breeds or overall or between SNA and SOA. The difference in allelic frequency of an INDEL in intron 1 of TLR4 between cats with SNA and SOA approached significance (p=0.054). The results from this thesis do not show a role for non-synonymous SNPs in TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 in the pathogenesis of feline URTA or breed-predisposition to infection. They do support further investigations of the feline innate immune system in the immunopathogenesis of feline URTA.
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Viswanathan, Harishnath. "Mucin Gene Expression and GastricReflux in Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Otitis Media with Effusion." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499336.
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Fuchs, Christine [Verfasser]. "Charakterisierung des Th2-Shifts bei Patienten mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Polypen / Christine Fuchs." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038004837/34.
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Ball, Stephen Leslie. "The role of epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3726.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is a heterogeneous condition with common symptoms, clinical and radiological findings. CRSsNP is typified by inflammation of the sinonasal epithelium and development of fibrosis, yet its precise pathophysiology remains elusive. Recently stromal cells have been shown to act like immune effector cells in orchestrating chronic inflammation. Histological analysis of tissue biopsies from patients with CRSsNP demonstrates recruitment of circulating inflammatory cells, though the precise role of structural cells such as epithelial and fibroblast cells in CRSsNP remains to be discovered. Aims 1. (a) Recruit phenotyped cohorts of control & CRSsNP participants. (b) Characterise recruited CRSsNP participants’ tissue samples and isolated epithelial & fibroblast cells. 2. Assay the sinonasal environment to determine any association between, infection, inflammation and remodelling. 3. Identify clusters of genes differentially expressed in CRSsNP & control participants. Methods Cohorts of healthy control and CRSsNP participants were recruited. Matched tissue biopsy, epithelial and fibroblast cells were harvested together with clinical, radiological, microbiological and mucosal swab data. Tissue and cellular samples were characterised to confirm their identity and disease status. The sinonasal environment was characterised from mucosal swabs and analysed for a range of 40 human disease biomarkers. Transcriptome analysis was performed using microarrays and RNA sequencing with downstream bioinformatics investigation of the data. Results 47 age and sex matched CRSsNP and control participants were recruited, differing significantly in symptom and radiological scores. Histological analysis of tissue biopsy specimens was consistent with CRSsNP and control samples. Matched epithelial and fibroblast cells were generated. Assay of the sinonasal microenvironment identified 13 discriminant mediators separating CRSsNP samples from controls using a novel, non-invasive technique. Transcriptomics identified 239 differentially expressed genes in CRSsNP tissue biopsy samples. Cellular samples differed significantly from their matched tissue biopsies. Conclusions This thesis characterises a cohort of tightly defined CRSsNP patients and healthy controls to investigate the potential role of epithelial and fibroblast cells in CRSsNP. Transcriptomics has demonstrated clusters of genes upregulated in CRSsNP, however changes were not consistent in matched cellular samples questioning the validity of cellular models in CRSsNP. Additionally, a straightforward, non-invasive measure of the CRSsNP cytokine profile has been demonstrated. The mediators identified in these assays could potentially be developed as biomarkers of sinonasal inflammation as an adjunct in patient management.
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Blaeser, Christiane [Verfasser]. "Die Behandlung der Rhinosinusitis durch Dexamethason : eine doppelblinde, randomisierte, Placebo-kontrollierte Studie / Christiane Blaeser." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1034434527/34.
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Kuchai, Romana. "The effect of macrolides on allergic rhinitis versus chronic rhinosinusitis- an in-vitro study." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/568.
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Background The mechanisms of the rhinitic process are complex. Previous studies upon nasal epithelial cells have begun to investigate rhinitis. HNECs from turbinate explant tissue were taken from three patient groups (Normals, Chronic Rhinosinusitics and Rhinitics). Aims The study, firstly, aims to establish fundamental differences in cytokine activity between allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis by analysing baseline levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 and subsequent impact of bacterial endotoxin. Secondly the study analyses the affect of macrolides on activity in each subgroup. Methods HNECs were grown from the biopsy specimens as explant culture. Standardised exposures to LPS bacterial endotoxin and macrolide were carried out. The concentration of each mediator present in the medium at the end of incubation was assessed by ELISA). A final quantity of total cellular protein was obtained. 3 Results Baseline levels of IL-6 in unstimulated Allergic Rhinitics are significantly higher than in Normal patients. Baseline levels of IL-8, however, are lowest in Allergics. LPS significantly stimulates Allergics to increase production of both IL-6 and IL-8. Macrolides lower IL-6 and IL-8 in both stimulated and unstimulated AR cells. Baseline levels of IL-6 and IL-8 are higher in CRS than AR and Normals. LPS significantly raises IL-6 and IL-8 in CRS. Macrolides increase IL-6 and IL-8 in stimulated CRS cells however reduce levels of both in un-stimulated cells. Discussion Pre-existing neutrophilic and eosinophilic activity in CRS subjects may explain the increased baseline levels of both cytokines upon macrolide exposure. Whilst some studies have suggested macrolides act as antimicrobial, others have suggested that it is their anti-inflammatory effects that are more relevant. Treatment for Allergic Rhinitis needs to be effective long-term. The results here are novel and encourage further research to improve understanding of the effects of macrolides in a potentially pivotal role.
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Pilavakis, Yiannis [Verfasser]. "Occurence and characteristics of allergic rhinitis in 195 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis / Yiannis Pilavakis." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223171612/34.
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Eitenmüller, Anna-Katharina [Verfasser]. "Liposomen als Alternative zu Steroiden bei der Behandlung der chronischen Rhinosinusitis / Anna-Katharina Eitenmüller." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106627696X/34.
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Хижня, Ярослава Володимирівна, Ярослава Владимировна Хижня, and Yaroslava Volodymyrivna Khyzhnia. "Досвід застосуваня препарату "Серрата" у хворих на гострий риносинусит." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27032.
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Запальні захворювання приносових пазух в структурі Лор- патології займають одне з провідних місць.Основним пусковим механізмом розвитку риносинуситу є ГРВІ. Вона може спричинити епізод захворювання або загострення хронічного процесу в навколоносовій пазусі. Риногенний фактор розвитку синуситу вважають основним. Для бактеріального запалення в навколоносових пазухах потрібні певні умови для розвитку мікрофлори. Ключовий момент патогенезу – порушення функціонування природних сполучень навколоносових пазух з порожниною носа. Порушення мукоциліарного кліренсу сприяє тривалому контакту бактерій зі слизовою оболонкою навколоносових пазух, що спричинює вторинне бактеріальне інфікування.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27032
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Habib, Al-Rahim. "Association between chronic rhinosinusitis and health-related quality of life in adults with cystic fibrosis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50407.
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Objectives:
In the past four decades, the median age of survival has nearly doubled for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), where over half the population is now adults. The prevalence of chronic diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has increased with older age. In the non-CF population, CRS is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of CRS among adults with CF and evaluate its impact on their HRQoL.
Methods:
One hundred sixty individuals from an academic teaching hospital in Vancouver, Canada were eligible to participate in this cross-sectional study. Included subjects were above the age of 18 years, had a confirmed diagnosis of CF and attended the CF clinic between September 2013 and April 2014. Participants completed a CF-specific HRQoL questionnaire (i.e. CFQ-R 14+), and underwent symptom and endoscopic assessment to diagnose CRS. Medical charts were reviewed for potential confounders that included socio-demographic (age, gender and body-mass index) and clinical factors (age of CF diagnosis, type of CF mutation, lung function and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection). Multivariable linear regression was used to model the relationship between CRS and HRQoL, adjusted for potential confounders.
Results:
One hundred twenty-one individuals were contacted prior to clinic visits of which, 113 (93.4%) consented to participate. The prevalence of CRS was found to be 64.2%. Socio-demographic and clinical factors were similarly distributed between CRS-positive and negative groups, except age of CF diagnosis. CRS-positive individuals were diagnosed with CF at younger age than non-CRS counterparts, although this finding was not significant (mean difference: 6.5 years, p=0.13). In unadjusted analysis, those with CRS reported worse HRQoL on 10 of 12 domains of the CFQ-R 14+. These findings remained despite adjustment for potential confounders. Individuals with CRS reported significantly worse HRQoL on Respiratory symptoms (adjusted regression coefficient: -13.33, p=0.001) and Digestion (adjusted regression coefficient: -8.71, p=0.03) domains, than non-CRS counterparts.
Conclusion:
The majority of adults with CF suffer from concomitant CRS. CRS is associated with worse HRQoL based on multiple domains of the CFQ-R 14+. CRS should be diagnosed and managed to optimize the HRQoL for adults with CF.Medicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate
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Koch, Barbara [Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Köhler. "Nächtliche akustische Langzeitregistrierung von Atemgeräuschen bei Patienten mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis / Barbara Koch. Betreuer: Ulrich Köhler." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027184170/34.
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Heller, Lisa-Marie [Verfasser], and Rainald [Akademischer Betreuer] Knecht. "Digitale Volumentomographie als präoperative diagnostische Modalität bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis / Lisa-Marie Heller. Betreuer: Rainald Knecht." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1093411465/34.
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Heller, Lisa-Marie Verfasser], and Rainald [Akademischer Betreuer] [Knecht. "Digitale Volumentomographie als präoperative diagnostische Modalität bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis / Lisa-Marie Heller. Betreuer: Rainald Knecht." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1093411465/34.
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Cordeiro, Daniel Loiola. "Doença respiratória exacerbada por aspirina: papel da periostina em pacientes com rinossinusite crônica e polipose nasossinusal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-18072018-154146/.
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Doença respiratória exacerbada por aspirina, conhecida como AERD (Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease) é caracterizada por rinossinusite crônica eosinofílica, polipose nasossinusal, asma e hipersensibilidade a aspirina e outros anti-inflamatórios não-esteroidais. Expressão aumentada do biomarcador periostina foi descrita em pacientes com AERD, em tecido nasossinusal, incluindo membrana basal, matriz extracelular e pólipo nasal. Avaliamos níveis de periostina sérica em pacientes com AERD e comparamos com níveis em pacientes com rinite alérgica perene (RAP) e indivíduos saudáveis. Foram selecionados 29 pacientes (20F/9M) com diagnóstico de AERD, dentre aqueles atendidos nos Ambulatórios de Alergia e de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP). Estes pacientes realizaram exames confirmatórios, incluindo teste de provocação oral com aspirina, e foram submetidos a biópsia de pólipos nasais por nasofibroscopia. Como controles, foram selecionados 12 pacientes com RAP (9F/3M) e 23 indivíduos saudáveis (14F/9M). Eosinófilos foram quantificados em sangue periférico e em tecido de pólipo ou mucosa nasal. IgE total foi determinada por ImmunoCAP, e periostina sérica foi medida por ELISA. Número de eosinófilos teciduais por campo de grande aumento (CGA), número de eosinófilos por milímetro cúbico em sangue periférico, níveis de IgE total e de periostina sérica em pacientes com AERD foram comparados aos de pacientes com RAP e indivíduos saudáveis. Pacientes com AERD tinham idade maior (mediana 54 anos, faixa 22-60) que pacientes com RAP (mediana 30 anos, faixa 19-57, p=0,0001) e indivíduos saudáveis (mediana 29 anos, faixa 19-53, p=0,0001), sem diferença entre os sexos. Números de eosinófilos em sangue periférico e em tecido foram mais elevados em pacientes com AERD que em pacientes com RAP e indivíduos saudáveis. A mediana do número de eosinófilos em sangue periférico foi 640eos/µL (faixa 100-5.100); 200eos/µL (faixa 100-500); e 100 eos/µL (faixa 100-400) em pacientes com AERD, RAP e indivíduos saudáveis, respectivamente (AERD versus RAP, p=0,0003; AERD versus indivíduos saudáveis, p=0,01). A média do número de eosinófilos teciduais foi de 113,3células/CGA; 2,5células/CGA; e 0,7células/CGA, respectivamente (AERD versus RAP, p=0,017; AERD versus indivíduos saudáveis p=0,003). A média geométrica da IgE total foi de 290,18kU/L (faixa 59,5-8.140); 69,96kU/mL (faixa 5,5-898); e 43,14kU/mL (faixa 4- 1.328) em pacientes com AERD, RAP e indivíduos saudáveis, respectivamente, sem diferença entre os grupos. Periostina sérica foi mais elevada em pacientes com AERD quando comparados a indivíduos saudáveis. A mediana de periostina sérica foi de 602ng/ml (faixa 290,7-1.055); 535,6ng/mL (faixa 209-733,2); e 496,7mg/mL (faixa 327,4-713,4), em pacientes com AERD, RAP e indivíduos saudáveis, respectivamente (AERD versus indivíduos saudáveis, p=0,01). Em subgrupo de pacientes brasileiros com AERD, observamos elevado número de eosinófilos em sangue periférico e em tecido, quando comparados a pacientes com RAP e indivíduos saudáveis. Níveis mais elevados de periostina sérica foram observados em pacientes com AERD, quando comparados a indivíduos saudáveis, indicando forte resposta do tipo 2 em pacientes com AERD em nosso meioAspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (also known as AERD), is characterized by eosinophilic chronic hypertrophic rhinosinusitis, nasosinusal polyps, asthma and hypersensitivity to Aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. A higher expression of the biomarker periostin has been described in patients with AERD, in nasosinusal tissue, including basal membrane, extracellular matrix and nasal polyps. We evaluated the levels of serum periostin in patients with AERD, and compare those levels with patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and with healthy subjects. Twenty-nine patients (20F/9M) with AERD were selected from the Allergy and Otolaryngology Clinics, from the Clinical Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP). Those patients underwent confirmatory exams, such as Oral Provocation test with aspirin, and were submitted to polyp biopsy through nasofibroscopy. As a control group, 12 patients (9F/3M) with PAR and 23 healthy subjects (14F/9M) were selected. Eosinophils were quantified in peripheral blood and in polyp tissue or nasal mucosa. Total IgE was determined by ImmunoCAP, and serum periostin was measured by ELISA. The number of tissue eosinophils by high magnification field (HMF), number of eosinophils by cubic milliliter in peripheral blood, total IgE levels and serum periostin levels in patients with AERD were compared with those from patients with PAR and healthy subjects. Patients with AERD were older (median 54 years, and range 22-60) than patients with PAR (median 30 years, range 19-57, p=0,0001) and healthy subjects (median 29 years, range 19-53, p=0,0001), with no difference between genders. The numbers of eosinophils in peripheral blood and in tissue were higher in patients with AERD than patients with PAR or healthy subjects. The median of eosinophil number in peripheral blood was 640eos/µL (range 100-5.100); 200eos/µL (range 100-500); e 100eos/µL (range 100-400) in patients with AERD, PAR and healthy subjects respectively (AERD vs PAR, p=0,0003; AERD vs healthy subjects, p=0,01). The average number of tissue eosinophils was 113,3cels/HMF; 2,5cels/HMF; e 0,7cels/HMF, respectively (AERD vs PAR, p=0,017; AERD vs healthy subjects, p=0,003). The geometric mean for total IgE was 290,18kU/mL (range 59,5-8.140); 69,96kU/mL (range 5,5-898); and 43,14kU/mL (range 4-1.328) in patients with AERD, PAR and healthy subjects respectively, with no difference between the groups. Serum periostin was higher in patients with AERD when compared with healthy subjects. The median for serum periostin was 602ng/ml (range 290,7-1.055); 535,6ng/mL (range 209-733,2); e 496,7ng/mL (range 327,4-713,4), in patients with AERD, PAR and healthy subjects respectively (AERD vs healthy subjects, p=0,01). In a Brazilian subgroup of patients with AERD, we observed an elevated number of eosinophils in peripheral blood and tissue, when compared with patients with PAR and healthy subjects. Higher levels of serum periostin were observed in patients with AERD, when compared with healthy subjects, indicating a strong type 2 response in patients with AERD in our environment.
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Thompson, Melissa. "Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Xylitol in a Model of Chronic Sinus Disease." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367231.
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Background. Chronic rhinosinusitis is a highly prevalent condition estimated to affect 9% of the adult population in Australia. It is responsible for a significant burden of disease at a population level and imparts considerable morbidity and reduced quality of life to affected individuals. Recent American data has suggested an $8.6 billion annual direct healthcare cost associated with chronic rhinosinusitis. Few medical options for treating chronic rhinosinusitis exist and there is a paucity of evidence in support of a best medical treatment. Currently available treatments confer a modest benefit.
The hallmark of chronic rhinosinusitis is chronic inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa lasting in excess of twelve weeks and resulting in typical symptoms. Chronic rhinosinusitis is a multi-factorial disease for which there are many postulated contributory factors. Although the aetiology of the disease is yet to be fully elucidated, current literature suggests the primacy of immune dysfunction in its pathogenesis and treatment recalcitrance. Characteristic inflammatory cell infiltrates and cytokine response have been identified for chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes. Inflammatory mediators with altered activity and/or expression in chronic rhinosinusitis represent potential therapeutic targets.
Aims and Objectives. This study sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immune modulating activity of xylitol, an agent that has anecdotal utility in CRS and established antibacterial and antibiofilm actions. In order to achieve this aim inflammatory mediator targets were identified and the activity of xylitol against their production was examined relative to that of established anti-inflammatory agents. A further objective in this study was to establish a cell-based in-vitro model that best resembled the clinical condition of CRS and considered the effect of xylitol on epithelial and immune cells likely to be encountered in-vivo.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Pharmacy
Griffith Health
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Tewfik, Marc. "A population-based association study of toll-like receptor signaling pathway gene polymorphisms in chronic rhinosinusitis." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66766.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition of the sinonasal mucosa from its interaction with bacteria and/or fungi. The toll-like receptor (TLR) family plays an important role in innate immunity by recognizing distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns. We evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes from the TLR signaling pathway in 206 individuals with severe CRS and 200 controls. We also investigated the association between these SNPs and total serum IgE level. A total of 96 out of 104 SNPs were successfully genotyped. Although we could not confirm an association with CRS, 3 SNPs in the IRAK4 gene – rs1461567, rs4251513, and rs4251559 – were found to be associated with total serum IgE levels (p < 0.004). The finding was replicated in a second independent population with asthma, from the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region (p < 0.031). These results demonstrate a clear association between SNPs in the IRAK4 gene and serum IgE levels in patients with CRS and asthma.La rhinosinusite chronique (RSC) est une maladie fréquente qui cause l'inflammation des sinus. Les récepteurs Toll-like (TLR) sont importants dans l'immunité innée, répondant aux microorganismes. Nous avons évalué les polymorphismes ponctuels de séquence (SNPs) dans les gènes codant les voies de signalisation TLR chez 206 patients atteints de RSC sévère et 200 témoins. Nous avons aussi investigué l'association entre ces SNPs et le niveau d'IgE sanguin. En tout, 96 sur 104 SNPs ont été génotypés avec succès. Bien que nous ne pouvions pas confirmer l'association avec la RSC, 3 SNPs dans le gène IRAK4 – rs1461567, rs4251513, and rs4251559 – étaient associés a un niveau d'IgE sanguin élevé (p < 0.004). Le résultat a été répliqué dans une seconde population indépendante d'individus souffrant d'asthme provenant du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (p < 0.031). Ces résultats suggèrent qu'une modification génétique dans le gène IRAK4 prédispose à un niveau élevé d'IgE dans les maladies respiratoires.
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Cope, Emily K., Andrew N. Goldberg, Steven D. Pletcher, and Susan V. Lynch. "Compositionally and functionally distinct sinus microbiota in chronic rhinosinusitis patients have immunological and clinically divergent consequences." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624075.
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Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent sinonasal inflammation and sinus microbiome dysbiosis. The basis of this heterogeneity is poorly understood. We sought to address the hypothesis that a limited number of compositionally distinct pathogenic bacterial microbiota exist in CRS patients and invoke discrete immune responses and clinical phenotypes in CRS patients. Results: Sinus brushings from patients with CRS (n = 59) and healthy individuals (n = 10) collected during endoscopic sinus surgery were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, predicted metagenomics, and RNA profiling of the mucosal immune response. We show that CRS patients cluster into distinct sub-groups (DSI-III), each defined by specific pattern of bacterial co-colonization (permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA); p = 0.001, r(2) = 0.318). Each sub-group was typically dominated by a pathogenic family: Streptococcaceae (DSI), Pseudomonadaceae (DSII), Corynebacteriaceae [DSIII(a)], or Staphylococcaceae [DSIII(b)]. Each pathogenic microbiota was predicted to be functionally distinct (PERMANOVA; p = 0.005, r(2) = 0.217) and encode uniquely enriched gene pathways including ansamycin biosynthesis (DSI), tryptophan metabolism (DSII), two-component response [DSIII(b)], and the PPAR-gamma signaling pathway [DSIII(a)]. Each is also associated with significantly distinct host immune responses; DSI, II, and III(b) invoked a variety of pro-inflammatory, T(H)1 responses, while DSIII(a), which exhibited significantly increased incidence of nasal polyps (Fisher's exact; p = 0.034, relative risk = 2.16), primarily induced IL-5 expression (Kruskal Wallis; q = 0.045). Conclusions: A large proportion of CRS patient heterogeneity may be explained by the composition of their sinus bacterial microbiota and related host immune response-features which may inform strategies for tailored therapy in this patient population.
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Gutsche, Manuela. "Polyposis nasi: Quantitative Analyse der eosinophilen Granulozyten mit der Laser Scanning Zytometrie." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-64179.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde Gewebe aus den Nasennebenhöhlen von Patienten mit Nasenpolypen untersucht. Außerdem wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen den Zellpopulationen und den Angaben zu allergischen Erkrankungen und wiederholtem Auftreten der Polypen analysiert. Es fand sich eine interindividuell unterschiedlich starke Infiltration mit eosinophilen Granulozyten. Es konnten keine Unterschiede in der prozentualen Verteilung von eosinophilen Granulozyten im Polypengewebe bei allergischen/ nichtallergischen Patienten oder Patienten mit/ ohne Rezidiv nachgewiesen werden.
Die Untersuchungen erfolgten mit dem Laser Scanning Zytometer (LSC), das mit der Standardmethode, der Begutachtung mittels Lichtmikroskop, verglichen wurde. Mit der beschriebenen Methode erfolgte die Untersuchung von Polypengewebe nach einem speziell für diese Anwendung entwickelten Protokoll. Die Ergebnisse korrelierten gut mit den Ergebnissen der Lichtmikroskopie. Aufgrund der Weiterentwicklung des LSC und der ständig wachsenden Anzahl der Nachweismöglichkeiten der an der Polyposis nasi beteiligten Zytokine stellt das LSC eine ideale Methode für die Erforschung der Pathogenese von chronischen Entzündungen der Nasennebenhöhlen dar.
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Лозовий, Р. О. "Хронічний поліпозний риносинусит. Сучасні аспекти лікування." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45160.
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На даний час проблема поліпозного риносинуситу (ПРС) має важливе медико-соціальне значення. За даними різних авторів, у світі на ПРС страждає 4-5% населення. В Україні за останні роки захворюваність на риніти, риносинусити та ринофарингіти зросла і сягає 489,9 на 100 тис. населення. Широка поширеність ПРС у структурі захворювань ЛОР-органів, її зв’язок з бронхолегеневою патологією, тривалий перебіг ведуть до зниження працездатності, якості життя та інвалідизації хворих.
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Ragab, Sameh Mostafa. "Evaluation of the medical and surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effects upon the lower airways." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271395.
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Sprügel, Lisa Melanie [Verfasser], and Stephan [Gutachter] Hackenberg. "Pilzantigene als spezifische T-Zellaktivatoren bei der chronischen Rhinosinusitis / Lisa Melanie Sprügel [verh. Kappenberger] ; Gutachter: Stephan Hackenberg." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233602993/34.
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Traser, Louisa [Verfasser]. "Differenzierung der chronischen Rhinosinusitis mit und ohne Polyposis nasi anhand von Symptomatik, Krankheitsverlauf, Entzündungsmediatoren und Komorbiditäten / Louisa Traser." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1029846677/34.
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Dinarte, Vanessa Ramos Pires. "Associação genética do polimorfismo do receptor alfa 1 da interleucina 22 à rinossinusite crônica com e sem polipose nasossinusal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17151/tde-26042018-171434/.
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Introdução: A rinossinusite crônica (RSC), doença multifatorial, na qual podem estar envolvidos fatores genéticos e ambientais, ainda tem muitos aspectos obscuros na sua patogênese. A genética tem se mostrado promissora na elucidação dessa complexa doença. Alguns estudos apontam que a expressão de interleucina (IL) 22 se apresenta reduzida em pacientes com RSC, podendo resultar também na redução da barreira epitelial e diminuição da produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias Th1. Objetivos: Pesquisar a frequência dos polimorfismos no gene IL22RA1 (receptor subunidade alfa um da interleucina 22) em pacientes portadores de RSC com e sem pólipos nasais e em indivíduos normais, utilizando a técnica de sequenciamento, pelo método de Sanger, para análise de mutações; comparar as frequências dos polimorfismos encontrados no gene IL22RA1 entre os grupos e com a literatura médica e também comparar a técnica de Sanger com outras técnicas convencionais descritas na literatura. Casuística e Métodos: Foram avaliados 247 pacientes, no período de maio de 2011 a fevereiro de 2016, subdivididos em três grupos: 122 pacientes portadores de RSC com pólipos nasais (RSCcPN), 21 casos de RSC sem pólipos nasais (RSCsPN) e 104 voluntários sem sintomatologia nasal. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue venoso periférico de todos os casos e controles, e realizada a extração de DNA, com posterior análise das mesmas. Após a exclusão das perdas, restaram 70 casos de RSCcPN, 14 de RSCsPN e 68 controles. Resultados: O sequenciamento apontou 10 polimorfismos no gene IL22RA1, nos exon 2 (rs10903022, c.113_114insA/Q26Pfs*11, c.74T>A e c.141C>A), exon 4 (rs17852649), exon 5 (rs16829204), exon 6 (rs142356961) e exon 7 (rs17852648, rs34967816 e rs3795299). Os polimorfismos encontrados nos exons 2 (em homozigose), 5 e 6 foram exclusivos do grupo das patologias analisadas (RSC com e sem PN), sendo as duas últimas consideradas variáveis não sinônimas, ou seja, com capacidade de alterar a estrutura da proteína, podendo produzir impacto na patogênese da RSC. A alteração do exon 6 foi a única variante encontrada, com frequência do alelo menor (MAF) inferior a 0,01, exclusiva do grupo RSCcPN. Conclusões: Foram detectados três polimorfismos no gene IL22RA1, que até o momento não estão descritos na literatura, sendo a inserção c.113_114insA/Q26Pfs*11, possivelmente patogênica, com frequência maior nos grupos com RSC. O polimorfismo rs17852649 em heterozigose no exon 4, foi o único com diferença estatística, com predominância do alelo mutado no grupo controle, podendo conferir proteção contra o fenótipo. Também se destaca o polimorfismo rs142356961, no exon 6, do tipo não sinônimo, ou seja, capaz de alterar a estrutura final da proteína, com índice MAF<0,01, sendo exclusiva de pacientes negros portadores de RSCcPN. Estudos de replicação e com maiores coortes serão necessários para determinar se os achados do presente estudo se deram ao acaso.Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a multifactorial disease, with genetic and environmental factors that may be involved, still have many aspects of its pathogenesis unknown. Genetics has shown itself promising in the elucidation of this complex disease. Some studies have indicated that the expression of IL-22 is reduced in patients with CRS, which may result in reduction of the epithelial barrier and decrease in the production of Th1 proinflammatory cytokines. Objectives: To investigate the frequency of polymorphisms in the IL22RA1 gene in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and in individuals without these pathologies, using the Sanger sequencing technique for mutation analysis; to compare the frequencies of the polymorphisms found in the IL22RA1 gene between the groups and the medical literature and also to compare the Sanger technique with other conventional techniques in the medical literature. Casuistic and Methods: From May 2011 to February 2016, 247 patients were evaluated, subdivided into three groups: 122 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), 21 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and 104 volunteers without nasal symptoms. Samples of peripheral venous blood were collected from all cases and controls, and DNA extraction was performed, with subsequent analysis at the Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Ribeirão Preto Medical School Blood Center - USP. After the loss exclusion, there were 70 cases of CRSwNP, 14 CRSsNP and 68 controls. Results: Sequencing indicated 10 polymorphisms in the IL22RA1 gene, exon 2 (rs10903022, c.113_114insA / Q26Pfs * 11, c.74T> A and c.141C> A), exon 4 (rs17852649), exon 5 (rs16829204), exon 6 (rs142356961) and exon 7 (rs17852648, rs34967816 and rs3795299). Polymorphisms in exons 2 (in homozygosis), 5 and 6 were exclusive from the analyzed pathologies group (RSC with and without NP), the latter two being considered non-synonymous variables, that is, with capacity to alter the protein structure, being able to produce impact on the pathogenesis of CRS. The exon 6 alteration was the only variant found, with the minor allele frequency (MAF) under 0.01, exclusive of the RSCcPN group. Conclusions: Three polymorphisms were detected in the IL22RA1 gene, which until now are not described in the literature, and the possibly pathogenic insert c.113_114insA / Q26Pfs * 11, with a higher frequency in the groups with CRS. The polymorphism rs17852649 in heterozygosis in exon 4 was the only one with a statistical difference, with predominance of the mutated allele in the control group, which could confer protection against the phenotype. Also notable is the polymorphism rs142356961, in exon 6, of the non-synonymous type, that is, capable of altering the final structure of the protein, with MAF index <0.01, being exclusive in black patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Replication studies and larger cohorts are necessary to rule out the findings at random.
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Macdonald, Kristian I. "Development and Validation of an Administrative Data Algorithm to Identify Adults who have Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35148.
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Objective: 1) Systematic review on the accuracy of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) identification in administrative databases; 2) Develop an administrative data algorithm to identify CRS patients who have endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).
Methods: A chart review was performed for all ESS surgical encounters at The Ottawa Hospital from 2011-12. Cases were defined as encounters in which ESS for performed for Otolaryngologist-diagnosed CRS. An algorithm to identify patients who underwent ESS for CRS was developed using diagnostic and procedural codes within health administrative data. This algorithm was internally validated.
Results: Only three studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified in the systematic review and showed inaccurate CRS identification. The final algorithm using administrative and chart review data found that encounters having at least one CRS diagnostic code and one ESS procedural code had excellent accuracy for identifying ESS: sensitivity 96.0% sensitivity, specificity 100%, and positive predictive value 95.4%. Internal validation showed similar accuracy.
Conclusion: Most published AD studies examining CRS do not consider the accuracy of case identification. We identified a simple algorithm based on administrative database codes accurately identified ESS-CRS encounters.
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König, Katrin Elisabeth [Verfasser], and Moritz [Akademischer Betreuer] Gröger. "Cytokine profiles in nasal secretions of patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis / Katrin Elisabeth König ; Betreuer: Moritz Gröger." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1151447277/34.
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Bebber, Martin van [Verfasser]. "Stellenwert der Bestimmung von Myeloperoxidase und PMN-Elastase im Nasensekret als Outcome-Parameter bei der akuten Rhinosinusitis / Martin van Bebber." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1186585439/34.
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Benecke, Frederick [Verfasser], Barbara [Akademischer Betreuer] Wollenberg, and Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Brüggemann. "Stickstoffmonoxid-Metabolismus in chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Polypen unter Einflussnahme von 1,8-Cineol / Frederick Benecke ; Akademische Betreuer: Barbara Wollenberg, Norbert Brüggemann." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222766817/34.
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Лозовий, Р. О. "Хронічний поліпозний риносинусит. Сучасні аспекти лікування." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48312.
Full textAbstract:
Актуальність. На даний час проблема поліпозного риносинуситу (ПРС) має важливе
медико-соціальне значення. За даними різних авторів, у світі на ПРС страждає 4-5%
населення. В Україні за останні роки захворюваність на риніти, риносинусити та
ринофарингіти зросла і сягає 489,9 на 100 тис. населення. Широка поширеність ПРС у
структурі захворювань ЛОР-органів, її зв’язок з бронхолегеневою патологією, тривалий перебіг ведуть до зниження працездатності, якості життя та інвалідизації хворих.
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Koch, Michael [Verfasser], Karl [Akademischer Betreuer] Meßlinger, and Christian [Gutachter] Alzheimer. "Antworteigenschaften spinaler Trigeminusneurone auf noxische Stimulation der Nasennebenhöhlen - ein Rattenmodell für Rhinosinusitis-Kopfschmerzen / Michael Koch ; Gutachter: Christian Alzheimer ; Betreuer: Karl Meßlinger." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240479956/34.
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Niederführ, Andrea. "Untersuchungen zur mikrobiellen Besiedlung der Nasenhöhle von Patienten mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Staphylococcus aureus und Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Varianten." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-97282.
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Лозовий, Р. О. "Хронічний поліпозний риносинусит. Сучасні аспекти лікування." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47574.
Full textAbstract:
На даний час проблема поліпозного риносинуситу (ПРС) має важливе медико-
соціальне значення. За даними різних авторів, у світі на ПРС страждає 4-5% населення. В
Україні за останні роки захворюваність на риніти, риносинусити та ринофарингіти зросла і
сягає 489,9 на 100 тис. населення. Широка поширеність ПРС у структурі захворювань ЛОР-
органів, її зв’язок з бронхолегеневою патологією, тривалий перебіг ведуть до зниження
працездатності, якості життя та інвалідизації хворих.
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Letkemann, Charis [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Laudien, and Felix [Gutachter] Treumer. "Adhäsionsverhalten von Staphylokokkus aureus Stämmen von Patienten mit Chronischer Rhinosinusitis und Normalkontrollen an einer immortalen nasalen Epithelzelllinie / Charis Letkemann ; Gutachter: Felix Treumer ; Betreuer: Martin Laudien." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1240674333/34.
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Thienhaus, Maike Luisa [Verfasser]. "Die Rolle der antimikrobiellen Peptide humanes beta-Defensin 3 (hBD-3) und LL-37 bei chronisch polypöser Rhinosinusitis und nasaler Besiedelung mit Staphylococcus aureus / Maike Luisa Thienhaus." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046563300/34.
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