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Journal articles on the topic 'Rheomorphic ignimbrite'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Riley, Teal R., and Philip T. Leat. "Chapter 2.2a Palmer Land and Graham Land volcanic groups (Antarctic Peninsula): volcanology." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 55, no. 1 (2021): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m55-2018-36.

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AbstractThe break-up of Gondwana during the Early–Middle Jurassic was associated with flood basalt volcanism in southern Africa and Antarctica (Karoo–Ferrar provinces), and formed one of the most extensive episodes of continental magmatism of the Phanerozoic. Contemporaneous felsic magmatism along the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana has been referred to as a silicic large igneous province, and is exposed extensively in Patagonian South America, the Antarctic Peninsula and elsewhere in West Antarctica. Jurassic-age silicic volcanism in Patagonia is defined as the Chon Aike province and forms one of the most voluminous silicic provinces globally. The Chon Aike province is predominantly pyroclastic in origin, and is characterized by crystal tuffs and ignimbrite units of rhyolite composition. Silicic volcanic rocks of the once contiguous Antarctic Peninsula form a southward extension of the Chon Aike province and are also dominated by silicic ignimbrite units, with a total thickness exceeding 1 km. The ignimbrites include high-grade rheomorphic ignimbrites, as well as unwelded, lithic-rich ignimbrites. Rhyolite lava flows, air-fall horizons, debris-flow deposits and epiclastic deposits are volumetrically minor, occurring as interbedded units within the ignimbrite succession.

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2

MILLWARD, D., and D. J. D. LAWRENCE. "The Stockdale (Yarlside) Rhyolite - a rheomorphic ignimbrite?" Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society 45, no. 4 (December 1985): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/pygs.45.4.299.

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3

Mundula, F., R. Cioni, and M. Mulas. "Rheomorphic diapirs in densely welded ignimbrites: The Serra di Paringianu ignimbrite of Sardinia, Italy." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 258 (May 2013): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.03.025.

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4

RILEY, TEAL R., and PHILIP T. LEAT. "Large volume silicic volcanism along the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana: lithological and stratigraphical investigations from the Antarctic Peninsula." Geological Magazine 136, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756899002265.

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Jurassic magmatism in western Gondwana produced the most voluminous episode of continental volcanism in the Phanerozoic era. During the Early to Middle Jurassic, some 2.5–3 million km3 of dominantly basalt, and to a lesser extent rhyolite, were erupted onto a supercontinent in the early stages of break-up. The major silicic portion of the Gondwana magmatic province is exposed in Patagonian South America. The volcanic rocks of Patagonia have been collectively termed the Chon-Aike Province and constitute one of the world's most voluminous silicic provinces. The volcanic rocks are predominantly pyroclastic, dominated by ignimbrite units of rhyolite composition. Volcanic rocks crop out sporadically across much of the once contiguous Antarctic Peninsula, and are considered to form an extension of the Chon-Aike Province. A continuation of the province to include the Antarctic Peninsula would extend its strike length along the active Pacific margin by c. 2000 km.Volcanic rocks exposed along the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, defined here as the Mapple Formation, are also dominated by rhyolitic ignimbrite flows, with individual units up to 80 m in thickness, and a total thickness of c. 1 km. The ignimbrites vary in degree of welding, from high-grade rheomorphic ignimbrites with parataxitic textures, to unwelded, lithic-rich ignimbrites. Rhyolite lava flows, air-fall horizons, debris flow deposits and epiclastic deposits are volumetrically minor, occurring as interbedded units within the ignimbrite succession.The lithology and stratigraphy of the Jurassic volcanic rocks of the Mapple Formation are presented, and comparisons are made to the Chon-Aike Province. A consistent stratigraphy of Permo-Triassic metasedimentary rocks, unconformably overlain by terrestrial mudstone–siltstone sequences, which are in turn conformably overlain by largely silicic, subaerial volcanic rocks, is present at several localities along the Antarctic Peninsula, and at localities in the Chon-Aike Province. Precise (zircon U–Pb) Middle Jurassic ages exist for two volcanic formations from the Antarctic Peninsula, and a Middle–Lower Jurassic age has been suggested for the underlying sedimentary formations based on fossil flora analysis. The Antarctic Peninsula chronostratigraphy, coupled with lithological similarities, indicate a close relationship to those sequences of the Chon-Aike province.

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5

Kobberger, Gustav, and Hans-Ulrich Schmincke. "Deposition of rheomorphic ignimbrite D (Mogán Formation), Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain." Bulletin of Volcanology 60, no. 6 (March 3, 1999): 465–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450050246.

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6

Leat, Philip T., and Hans-Ulrich Schmincke. "Large-scale rheomorphic shear deformation in Miocene peralkaline ignimbrite E, Gran Canaria." Bulletin of Volcanology 55, no. 3 (February 1993): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00301513.

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7

Andrews, G. D. M., and M. J. Branney. "Emplacement and rheomorphic deformation of a large, lava-like rhyolitic ignimbrite: Grey's Landing, southern Idaho." Geological Society of America Bulletin 123, no. 3-4 (October 18, 2010): 725–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b30167.1.

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8

Pioli, Laura, and Mauro Rosi. "Rheomorphic structures in a high-grade ignimbrite: the Nuraxi tuff, Sulcis volcanic district (SW Sardinia, Italy)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 142, no. 1-2 (April 2005): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.10.011.

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9

Brown, David J., and Brian R. Bell. "The emplacement of a large, chemically zoned, rheomorphic, lava-like ignimbrite: the Sgurr of Eigg Pitchstone, NW Scotland." Journal of the Geological Society 170, no. 5 (July 24, 2013): 753–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jgs2012-147.

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10

Branney, Michael J., B. Peter Kokelaar, and Brian J. McConnell. "The Bad Step Tuff: a lava-like rheomorphic ignimbrite in a calc-alkaline piecemeal caldera, English Lake District." Bulletin of Volcanology 54, no. 3 (February 1992): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00278388.

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11

Sumner, Janet M., and Michael J. Branney. "The emplacement history of a remarkable heterogeneous, chemically zoned, rheomorphic and locally lava-like ignimbrite: ‘TL’ on Gran Canaria." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 115, no. 1-2 (June 2002): 109–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(01)00311-0.

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12

Branney, M. J., T. L. Barry, and M. Godchaux. "Sheathfolds in rheomorphic ignimbrites." Bulletin of Volcanology 66, no. 6 (February 18, 2004): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-003-0332-8.

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13

Barbosa, Nazaré, Hilberto Soares, and Lorena Feitosa. "ANÁLISE PETROGRÁFICA DOS IGNIMBRITOS BEM PRESERVADOS DA FORMAÇÃO CACHOEIRA DA ILHA, CENTRO-NORTE DO CRÁTON AMAZÔNICO, ESTADO DE RORAIMA." Estudos Geológicos 30, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.18190/1980-8208/estudosgeologicos.v30n1p100-114.

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The Cachoeira da Ilha Formation (FCI) is located in the north central portion of the Amazonian Craton, northeast of Roraima. It is found by ignimbritic rocks with about 1990 Ma. Acid pyroclastic rocks in the region of the municipality of Amajari were classified as ignimbrites: solid, moderately welded and rheomorphic from variations in the degree in the welding process, proportion and type of pyroclasts and textural aspects. The crystalloclasts are made of quartz, sanidine and plagioclase and are dispersed in a glass-matrix. They are usually found with corrosion, dentate and intensely sericitized and/or saussuritized gulfs, showing low temperature hydrothermal alteration. It is also possible to distinguish mafic, microporphyritic and cognate lithitic fragments.

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14

Medlin, C. C., S. M. Jowitt, R. A. F. Cas, R. H. Smithies, C. L. Kirkland, R. A. Maas, M. Raveggi, H. M. Howard, and M. T. D. Wingate. "Petrogenesis of the A-type, Mesoproterozoic Intra-caldera Rheomorphic Kathleen Ignimbrite and Comagmatic Rowland Suite Intrusions, West Musgrave Province, Central Australia: Products of Extreme Fractional Crystallization in a Failed Rift Setting." Journal of Petrology 56, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 493–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egv007.

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15

BEDDOE-STEPHENS, BRETT, and DAVID MILLWARD. "Very densely welded, rheomorphic ignimbrites of homogeneous intermediate calc-alkaline composition from the English Lake District." Geological Magazine 137, no. 2 (March 2000): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800003952.

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Within a largely concealed, caldera-related volcaniclastic succession of the Ordovician Borrowdale Volcanic Group in the western Lake District, two thick (100–350 m) ignimbrites within the Fleming Hall Formation exhibit a number of features that in combination make them unusual deposits. They are both homogeneous with comparatively low-SiO2 (63%) bulk composition, contain only a moderate crystal content, are generally poor in lithic clasts, show uniformly very dense welding (yielding parataxitic to massive vitrophyric texture) throughout and lack associated fall-out or surge deposits. Ignimbrites of comparable bulk composition in this geological setting are usually part of zoned sheets and/or frequently very crystal-rich. Large-scale, unzoned densely welded ignimbrites are usually rhyodacitic to rhyolitic. By contrast, ignimbrites of intermediate composition that display dense welding are relatively small deposits that form by agglutination of hot, plastic spatter.It is postulated that the Fleming Hall ignimbrites were derived from low column height, low explosivity eruptions that conserved heat and minimized entrainment of accidental lithic clasts and the formation of fine ash. The very dense welding and lack of bubble-wall shard vitroclastic textures indicate that pyroclasts were hot and relatively dry, probably occurring as mildly vesicular (scoriaceous) fragments which welded or fused together during aggradational deposition rather than by post-depositional compactional loading. There is little variation in the degree of matrix or melt crystallization throughout the two ignimbrites, despite the fact that high temperatures must have been maintained for many years following deposition. Both display virtually ubiquitous development of micropoikilitic glass devitrification texture, which suggests that the viscosity of the supercooled dacitic melt was sufficiently high, probably due to initial degassing, to inhibit significant melt crystallization after deposition.The eruption of the Fleming Hall magmas was probably initiated by the rise or injection of hotter, more basic, magma, and not by overpressurization due to volatile exsolution resulting from cooling and crystallization. Foundering of the chamber roof caused forcible and rapid eruption of the magma, probably along a series of volcanotectonic faults rather than a central vent, and probably flooded the resultant caldera depression. It is predicted that this type of eruption will not have produced a widely dispersed deposit, the bulk of which may have been largely contained within its own caldera.

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16

Kirstein, Linda A., Chris J. Hawkesworth, and Frances G. Garland. "Felsic lavas or rheomorphic ignimbrites: is there a chemical distinction?" Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 142, no. 3 (December 2001): 309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004100100291.

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17

Szemerédi, Máté, Andrea Varga, János Szepesi, Elemér Pál-Molnár, and Réka Lukács. "Lavas or ignimbrites? Permian felsic volcanic rocks of the Tisza Mega-unit (SE Hungary) revisited: A petrographic study." Central European Geology 63, no. 1 (August 29, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/24.2020.00003.

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AbstractPermian felsic volcanic rocks were encountered in petroleum exploration boreholes in SE Hungary (eastern Pannonian Basin, Tisza Mega-unit, Békés–Codru Unit) during the second half of the 20th century. They were considered to be predominantly lavas (the so-called “Battonya quartz-porphyry”) and were genetically connected to the underlying “Battonya granite.” New petrographic observations, however, showed that the presumed lavas are crystal-poor (8–20 vol%) rhyolitic ignimbrites near Battonya and resedimented pyroclastic or volcanogenic sedimentary rocks in the Tótkomlós and the Biharugra areas, respectively. The studied ignimbrites are usually massive, matrix-supported, fiamme-bearing lapilli tuffs with eutaxitic texture as a result of welding processes. Some samples lack vitroclastic matrix and show low crystal breakage, but consist of oriented, devitrified fiammes as well. Textural features suggest that the latter are high-grade rheomorphic ignimbrites.Felsic volcanic rocks in SE Hungary belong to the Permian volcanic system of the Tisza Mega-unit; however, they show remarkable petrographic differences as compared to the other Permian felsic volcanic rocks of the mega-unit. In contrast to the crystal-poor rhyolitic ignimbrites of SE Hungary with rare biotite, the predominantly rhyodacitic–dacitic pyroclastic rocks of the Tisza Mega-unit are crystal-rich (40–45 vol%) and often contain biotite, pyroxene, and garnet. Additionally, some geochemical and geochronological differences between them were also observed by previous studies. Therefore, the Permian felsic volcanic rocks in SE Hungary might represent the most evolved, crystal-poor rhyolitic melt of a large-volume felsic (rhyodacitic–dacitic) volcanic system.The Permian volcanic rocks of the studied area do not show any evident correlations with either the Permian felsic ignimbrites in the Finiş Nappe (Apuseni Mts, Romania), as was supposed so far, or the similar rocks in any nappe of the Codru Nappe System. Moreover, no relevant plutonic–volcanic connection was found between the studied samples and the underlying “Battonya granite.”

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18

Riehle, J. R. "Relations between thermal history and secondary structures of ignimbrites exclusive of rheomorphism." Geosphere 11, no. 3 (June 2015): 572–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01089.1.

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19

Manley, Curtis R. "How voluminous rhyolite lavas mimic rheomorphic ignimbrites: Eruptive style, emplacement conditions, and formation of tuff-like textures." Geology 23, no. 4 (1995): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0349:hvrlmr>2.3.co;2.

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20

Lenhardt, Nils, Samson M. Masango, Olutola O. Jolayemi, Sukanya Z. Lenhardt, Gert-Jan Peeters, and Patrick G. Eriksson. "The Palaeoproterozoic (∼2.06 Ga) Rooiberg Group, South Africa: Dominated by extremely high-grade lava-like and rheomorphic ignimbrites? New observations and lithofacies analysis." Journal of African Earth Sciences 131 (July 2017): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.03.030.

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21

"The Stockdale (Yarlside) Rhyolite — a rheomorphic ignimbrite? Discussion." Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society 46, no. 1 (November 1986): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/pygs.46.1.80.

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22

Sheikh, Janisar M., Hetu Sheth, Anmol Naik, and Tanmay Keluskar. "Widespread rheomorphic and lava-like silicic ignimbrites overlying flood basalts in the northwestern and northern Deccan Traps." Bulletin of Volcanology 82, no. 6 (May 11, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-020-01381-9.

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23

Van Wagoner, Nancy, Les Fyffe, David Lentz, Kelsie Dadd, Wayne McNeil, and Diane Baldwin. "Volcanism of the Late Silurian Eastport Formation of the Coastal Volcanic Belt, Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick." Geoscience Canada 49, no. 1 (March 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2022.49.186.

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This field trip is an excursion through the exquisite, nearly pristine exposures of a Silurian, felsic-dominated bimodal volcanic and sedimentary sequence exposed in the Passamaquoddy Bay area of southwestern, New Brunswick (Eastport Formation). These rocks form the northwest extension of the Coastal Volcanic Belt that extends from southwestern New Brunswick to the southern coast of Maine. The sequence is significant because it is part of a large bimodal igneous province with evidence for supervolcano-scale eruptions that began to form during the close of the Salinic Orogeny (about 424 Ma), and continued into the Acadian Orogeny (421–400 Ma). The geochemical characteristic of the rocks can be explained by extension related volcanism but the specific drivers of the extension are uncertain. The Passamaquoddy Bay sequence is 4 km thick and comprises four cycles of basaltic-rhyolitic volcanism. Basaltic volcanism typically precedes rhyolitic volcanism in Cycles 1–3. Cycle 4 represents the waning stages of volcanism and is dominated by peritidal sediments and basaltic volcanics. A spectrum of eruptive and emplacement mechanisms is represented ranging from the Hawaiian and Strombolian-type volcanism of the basaltic flows and pyroclastic scoria deposits, to highly explosive sub-Plinian to Plinian rhyolitic pyroclastic eruptions forming pyroclastic density currents (PDC) and high grade rheomorphic ignimbrites. During this field trip we will examine key exposures illustrating this spectrum of eruptive and emplacement processes, and their diagnostic characteristics, along with evidence for the interaction between mafic and felsic magmas and a variety of peperitic breccias formed as a result of emplacement of flows on wet peritidal sediments. The constraints the depositional setting and voluminous bimodal volcanism places on tectonic models will also be considered.

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24

Knott, Thomas R., Marc K. Reichow, Michael J. Branney, David R. Finn, Robert S. Coe, Michael Storey, and Bill Bonnichsen. "Rheomorphic ignimbrites of the Rogerson Formation, central Snake River plain, USA: record of mid-Miocene rhyolitic explosive eruptions and associated crustal subsidence along the Yellowstone hotspot track." Bulletin of Volcanology 78, no. 4 (March 7, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-016-1003-x.

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25

Cruz, Matthew, and Martin J. Streck. "The Castle Rock and Ironside Mountain calderas, eastern Oregon, USA: Adjacent venting sites of two Dinner Creek Tuff units—the most widespread tuffs associated with Columbia River flood basalt volcanism." GSA Bulletin, February 9, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b36070.1.

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The Dinner Creek Tuff is an important unit of mid-Miocene rhyolite volcanism contemporaneous to flood basalts of the Columbia River magmatic province. Field mapping along with analytical data of tuff samples identify two calderas, the Castle Rock and Ironside Mountain calderas, as the venting sites of two widespread ignimbrites of the Dinner Creek Tuff. Both calderas lie within the area of the proposed general storage sites of main-phase Columbia River Basalt magmas. The Castle Rock caldera formed during the eruption of the 16.16 Ma Dinner Creek Tuff unit 1. The northwestern boundary of the caldera is roughly defined by the juxtaposition of over 300 m of densely welded rheomorphic intra-caldera tuff and tuffaceous mega-breccia deposits against Mesozoic Weathersby Formation shale and pre-Miocene Ring Butte trachybasalt lavas. Following caldera collapse, fluvial and lacustrine volcaniclastic sediments were deposited on the caldera floor, and outflow tuffs of the Dinner Creek Tuff units 2 and 4 were deposited into the caldera. Aphyric basaltic andesite and icelandite (Fe-rich andesite), which correlate stratigraphically to upper Grande Ronde Basalt lavas, intrude the caldera floor deposits, and lavas are interbedded with sediments and Dinner Creek Tuff unit 4. The Ironside Mountain caldera formed during eruption of the 15.6 Ma Dinner Creek Tuff unit 2, which lies ∼15 km north of the Castle Rock caldera. The caldera is an 11 × 6 km depression wherein over 900 m of intra-caldera, rheomorphic, and partially welded tuff are bound by Weathersby Formation shale and Tureman Ranch granodiorite. Post-caldera collapse, basaltic andesite and icelandite dikes and sills that are also stratigraphically correlative to upper Grande Ronde Basalt lavas intruded into the tuff, mostly along the margins of the caldera, which altered much of the tuff. Mafic lavas within the study area that closely pre- and post-date Dinner Creek Tuff units were correlated with regional units of the Columbia River Basalt Group. Porphyritic and aphyric mafic lava flows underlying Dinner Creek Tuff unit 1 at Castle Rock are correlated with Picture Gorge Basalt and Grande Ronde Basalt. Aphyric basaltic andesite and icelandite that intrude into and overlie the Dinner Creek Tuff units 1 and 2 are westward extensions of fractionated tholeiitic magmas as seen in late-stage Grande Ronde Basalt units such as the Hunter Creek Basalt. Finally, porphyritic basalt lava flows that overlie the Hunter Creek Basalt and volcaniclastic sediments at the Castle Rock caldera are correlative with the 13.5 Ma Tim’s Peak Basalt. At Castle Rock, pre-caldera Columbia River Basalt Group lavas appear to lap onto a mid-Miocene topographic high that stretches northward and westward for tens of kilometers based on stratigraphic data, and it may be related to regional uplift at initial impingement of the mantle upwelling to produce the Columbia River Basalt Group. The Castle Rock and Ironside Mountain calderas exemplify bimodal volcanism of the Columbia River magmatic province. Eruption of rhyolites is closely pre- and post-dated by the eruption of local and regional tholeiitic lavas belonging to the Columbia River Basalt Group. The local eruption of evolved tholeiitic lavas likely concealed calderas, but these lavas also illustrate the close proximity of mafic and rhyolitic magmas at depth at these rhyolite centers. Consequently, the stratigraphy of both the Castle Rock and Ironside Mountain calderas somewhat differs from that of rhyolite calderas dominated by silicic and calc-alkaline intermediate pre- and post-caldera volcanism.

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