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Academic literature on the topic 'Rhéologie – Microscopie'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rhéologie – Microscopie"
Comtet, Jean. "Rhéologie et tribologie aux nanoéchelles." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE027/document.
Full textIn this manuscript, we use a tuning fork based atomic force microscope to measure the mechanical response of various soft matter systems at the nanoscale. This instrument is used as a nano-rheometer, allowing quantitative measurements of viscoelastic material properties, and unprecedented characterization of friction and dissipation at the nanoscale. First, we show that ionic liquids can undergo a dramatic change in their mechanical properties when confined at the nanoscale, pointing to a capillary freezing transition. This transition is favored by the metallic nature of the confining substrates, suggesting the occurrence of subtle electrostatic effects in those dense electrolytes. Second, we probe plasticity at the individual atomic level, by measuring the viscoelastic rheological response of gold junctions of few atoms diameter. For increasing shear, we uncover a transition from a purely elastic regime to a plastic flow regime, up to the complete shear-induced melting of the junction. Our measurements give unprecedented insights on the plastic mechanisms at play in those molecular systems. Finally, we show that nanoscale interactions can have profound effects on the macroscopic behavior of soft materials. Focusing on the nonnewtonian flow behavior of concentrated suspensions of particles, we measure the nanoscale frictional force profile between pairs of particles of PVC and cornstarch suspensions. Our measurements highlight the dominant role of local interparticle interactions on the macroscale rheology of suspensions
Fujii, yamagata Alessandra. "Les propriétés adhésives et rhéologie interfaciale de mortiers colles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN035/document.
Full textAdhesive mortars consist basically of cement, sand, mineral fillers and a variety of additives (cellulose ethers, air-entraining, latex) and are used to glue ceramic tiles (and other pieces like stone, glass etc) to substrates. They are usually applied in a large surface on the substrate in the form of ribs on which tiles are put. In order to obtain a good performance it is important that when the tile is installed, the mortar rheological properties allow for good contact between them, even after several minutes (open time) of exposure to ambient conditions either at internal or external building areas. For this purpose, it is necessary to avoid the formation of a rigid and/or dry layer at the mortar-air interface, which may be difficult to be deformed or wet the tile surface properly. As the initial contact between mortar and tile is the first step for the development of adhesive properties between the materials, a good comprehension of the rheological properties evolution at the air-mortar interface is of great importance for mortar producers and users. In this context, this thesis firstly developed methods to evaluate interfacial properties and a microscopical technique to visualize the contact. Then, those techniques combined with already existent squeeze flow/tack test and rheological methods can be used to evaluate how polymer additives such as cellulose ether influence the adhesive mortar rheological properties in the volume and at interface to further understand the adhesive properties. And finally, with the use of NMR, those properties could be correlated with water distribution evolution
Beuguel, Quentin. "Systèmes multiphasiques à base de nanoparticules de talc synthétique : relations procédé - structure - rhéologie." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0046/document.
Full textAddition of clay nanoplatelets within a thermoplastic matrix or immiscible thermoplastic blend usually improves final properties of materials. Recently, a hydrogel containing talc nanoplatelets has been obtained from hydrothermal synthesis, opening possibilities of development of talc based nanomaterials, which could rival the nanocomposites based on organically modified clay.The presence of large amount of water in the mixing chamber leads to significant losses of inorganic matter and to the presence of a few synthetic talc aggregates. These observations require the use of a twin screw mini-extruder which is appropriate to the elaboration of innovative multiphase materials, such as the synthetic talc/polyamide nanocomposites or the synthetic talc/polyamide/polypropylene blends.The structure of nanocomposites based on synthetic talc is mainly composed of nanometric entities, but also of a few micrometric aggregates. It has been shown that an increase of the polarity of the polyamide favours the dispersion of synthetic talc at nanometric scale.In the case of filled blends, the synthetic talc particles are preferentially located within PA nodules. The reduction of nodule size is explained by the breakup of nodules, due to numerous cohesion defects between synthetic talc nanoparticles and polyamide dispersed phase. Moreover, increasing polypropylene matrix viscosity leads to a selective localization of the synthetic talc at the nodule/matrix interface.Relationships between structure and rheology of binary and ternary systems have been discussed
Laine, Antoine. "Sliding Friction at the nanoscale." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7076.
Full textIn this manuscript, we use methodes inherited from Atomic Force Microscopy in order to measure the nanoscale mechanical response of different systems. The focus is put on highlighting the frictional response and dissipation mechanisms taking place at the single asperity level, where soft and hard condensed matter meet.We first present the development of a new experimental tool allowing nanorheology and nanotribology measurement in controlled environment. The study of mechanical properties of nanoconfined RTILs with this apparatus revealed the glassy nature of these dense electrolytes at metallic interfaces.We then study the dissipation phenomena at the ultimate scale for metallic nanojunctions made of a few atoms. The absence of defects rationalizes their unexpected mechanical properties in striking difference with the macroscopic realm.In fine, we focus on the dynamics of a metallic interface made of a few atoms and develop new experimental strategies to probe the frictional response of the interface under harmonic applied stress. Our measurements are quantitatively reproduced numerically and reveal an atomic-scale quantized slip friction mechanism
Agoda-Tandjawa, Guéba. "Propriétés rhéologiques et interactions au sein de suspensions de cellulose et de systèmes biomimétiques cellulose/pectines." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2111.
Full textRifaai, Yasser. "Rhéologie des matrices hybrides composées de ciment et d’ajouts cimentaires activés." Thesis, CY Cergy Paris Université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CYUN1069.
Full textWith the increase of the environmental concerns related to the production of Portland cement, the search for alternatives to achieve sustainable and rational construction is becoming a necessity. Indeed, the production of cement is responsible for the increase in global warming potential (GWP), which questions its widespread use from an environmental point of view. In this perspective, this study aims at reducing the environmental impact of building materials, in particular self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Geopolymers are one of the interesting alternatives that can reduce the environmental impact of construction. However, the incorporation of these materials in the construction markets faces difficulties as long as the understanding of their setting and hardening mechanisms is still a hot topic.The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of alkaline activator on the setting mechanisms and rheological behaviour of geopolymers based on fly ash, alkali-activated glass powders, and hybrid matrices composed of cement and geopolymers. This study aims to assess the rheological properties and viscoelastic characteristics of these matrices and evaluate the feasibility of incorporating them to design SCC. Coupling the rheological properties with other measures, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and microstructure, makes it possible to define different mechanisms governing the fresh state of the investigated matrices. The obtained results allowed to identify the optimal concentrations of the alkaline activator to achieve the required rheological properties and mechanical performance. In addition, the methodology used in this study allowed to correlate the rheological properties to the geopolymerization process. This allowed better understanding of the fresh state of these materials. Finally, the incorporation of the optimized pastes into the matrix of SCC was also evaluated. Self-consolidating concrete based on hybrid matrix has shown promising rheological and mechanical performances, as well as a lower global warming potential than conventional SCC proportioned with cementitious materials. These results proved that the use of hybrid SCC offers an interesting solution from an environmental point of view, while achieving the required rheological and mechanical performances
Amoussou, Guenou Kuassi Marcelin. "Etude de la distribution de la déformabilité individuelle des hématies par microtechniques automatisées." Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET003T.
Full textHoutekins-Coste, Nadia. "Etude physico-chimique et mise sous forme nanoparticulaire d'un hydrogel binaire à base de carraghenanes et de caroxymethylcellulose." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON13519.
Full textIordan, Andreea Luminita. "Propriérés rhéologiques de matériaux biologiques : des suspensions cellulaires aux tissus." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10278.
Full textWe characterize the rheological properties of cell suspensions and tissues. The suspension concentration is varied over a wide range. CHO cell suspensions are used. In particular, we are able to characterize the flow properties of cells as well as their viscoelastic properties. The concentration-dependent yield stress and elastic plateau modulus are explained in the context of fractal aggregates under shear. These effects are related to intrinsic microscopic parameters. Then a model tissue is constructed, by including the same cells in a collagen matrix. To characterize the structural changes, confocal microscopy is used. A new important feature is observed, which is the breakdown of the collagen network, due to the presence of cells. Indeed, cells elongate within the gel and can remodel it, in a concentration dependent manner: adhesion of cells is easier when collagen concentration increases, but space is reduced. These two mechanisms compete and can explain the behaviours observed
Nassar, Waad. "La rhéologie des fluides magnétiques au dessous du seuil de Bingham." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00843471.
Full textBooks on the topic "Rhéologie – Microscopie"
(Editor), Andrea J. Liu, and Sidney R. Nagel (Editor), eds. Jamming and Rheology: Constrained Dynamics on Microscopic and Macroscopic Scales. CRC, 2001.
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