Academic literature on the topic 'RGD nanomaterials'

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Journal articles on the topic "RGD nanomaterials"

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Zhao, C. H., X. P. Zhang, and L. Zhang. "RGD peptide functionalized graphene oxide: a bioactive surface for cell-material interactions." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 17, no. 3 (September 25, 2022): 989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2022.173.989.

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Recently, functionalized graphene-based nanomaterials have gained tremendous attention in biomedical field owing to their biocompatibility, surface functionalizability and their unique mechanical, electronic, and optical properties. Herein, we report a facile one step modification of graphene oxide by RGD peptide, which is known to improve the tissue– material contact by highly specific binding to cellular membrane receptors known as integrins. A detailed structural and morphological characterization of the obtained RGD functionalized graphene oxide (GO-RGD) was performed. The synthesized bioactive composite was used to prepare RGD-GO films by a vacuum filtration method. Additionally, mouse osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1) functions including cell attachment, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated on GO-RGD films. The results indicated that MC3T3-E1 cell functions were significantly enhanced on GO-RGD films comparing with GO films without functionalization. This study not only demonstrates a facile approach to functionalize graphene oxide with bioactive peptides, but also provides a potential biomaterial for bone repair by improving osteoblastic cell functions.
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Qu, Xiaochao, Xiaoxiao Li, Jingning Liang, Yanran Wang, Muhan Liu, and Jimin Liang. "Micro-CT Imaging of RGD-Conjugated Gold Nanorods Targeting TumorIn Vivo." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8368154.

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Gold nanomaterials as computed tomography (CT) contrast agents at lower X-ray dosage to get a higher contrast have advantages of longer imaging time and lower toxic side effects compared to current contrast agents. As a receptor for Cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys) (RGD) peptide, integrinαvβ3is overexpressed on some tumor cells and tumor neovasculature. In this paper, we conjugated the RGD peptide on the surface of gold nanorods (AuNRs), designated as RGD-AuNRs, a promising candidate in applications such as tumor targeting and imaging capability for micro-CT imaging. Integrinαvβ3-positive U87 cells and integrinαvβ3-negative HT-29 cells were chosen to establish animal models relatedly and then texted the tumor targeting ability and imaging capability of RGD-AuNRsin vitroandin vivo. The MTT assay and stability measurement showed that RGD-conjugation eliminated their cytotoxicity and improved their biocompatibility and stability. Dark-field imaging of U87 cells and HT-29 cells testified the binding affinities and uptake abilities of RGD-AuNRs, and the results showed that RGD-AuNRs were more specifical to U87 cells. The enhanced micro-CT imaging contrast of intramuscular and subcutaneous injection illustrated the feasibility of RGD-AuNRs to be contrast agents. Furthermore, the micro-CT imaging of targeting U87 and HT-29 tumor models verified the targeting abilities of RGD-AuNRs.
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Li, Jianxia, Leilei Zheng, Lin Zeng, Yan Zhang, Lin Jiang, and Jinlin Song. "RGD Peptide-Grafted Graphene Oxide as a New Biomimetic Nanointerface for Impedance-Monitoring Cell Behaviors." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2828512.

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A new biomimetic nanointerface was constructed by facile grafting the bioactive arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) peptide on the graphene oxide (GO) surface through carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling amidation reaction. The formed RGD-GO nanocomposites own unique two-dimensional structure and desirable electrochemical performance. The linked RGD peptides could improve GO’s biocompatibility and support the adhesion and proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) on RGD-GO biofilm surface. Furthermore the biologically active RGD-GO nanocomposites were demonstrated as a potential biomimetic nanointerface for monitoring cell biobehaviors by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). By analysis of the data obtained from equivalent circuit-fitting impedance spectroscopy, the information related to cell membrane capacitance, cell-cell gap resistance, and cell-electrode interface gap resistance in the process of cell adhesion and proliferation could be obtained. Besides, this proposed impedance-based cell sensor could be used to assess the inhibition effect of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the HPLFs proliferation. Findings from this work suggested that RGD peptide functionalized GO nanomaterials may be not only applied in dental tissue engineering but also used as a sensor interface for electrochemical detection and analysis of cell behaviors in vitro.
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Zhang, Ru, Shang Luo, Lin-Kun Hao, Yun-Ying Jiang, Ying Gao, Ning-Ning Zhang, Xue-Cheng Zhang, and Yi-Min Song. "Preparation and Properties of Thrombus-Targeted Urokinase/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)-Chitosan (CS)-RGD Drug Delivery System." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1711–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3113.

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In order to improve the therapeutic effect, prolong the action time and reduce the side effects of the first generation thrombolytic drug urokinase (UK), a novel UK/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-chitosan (CS)-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp) (RGD) drug delivery system was synthesized by chemical bonding/non covalent bond modification/ultrasonic dispersion. The results showed that the diameter of the UK/MWCNTs-CS-RGD drug delivery system was about 30–40 nm, there was a layer of UK was attached to the surface of the tube wall, and the distribution was relatively uniform. The average encapsulation efficiency was 83.10%, and the average drug loading was 12.81%. Interestingly, it also had a certain sustained-release effect, and its release law was best fitted by first-order kinetic equation. Moreover, the accelerated and long-term stability test results show that it had good stability. Compared with free UK, UK/MWCNTs-CS-RGD had thrombolytic effect in vitro. In addition, MTT experiment showed that the prepared MWCNTs-CS-RGD nanomaterials had good biocompatibility. A rabbit model of carotid artery thrombosis was used to conduct targeted thrombolysis experiments in vivo. Compared with free UK, UK/MWCNTs-CS-RGD could be enriched in the thrombosis site to achieve thrombus targeting. UK/MWCNTs-CS-RGD drug delivery system was expected to become an effective thrombolytic drug for targeted therapy of thrombosis.
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Wu, Xiaoxia, Yan Peng, Xiaomei Duan, Lingyan Yang, Jinze Lan, and Fu Wang. "Homologous Gold Nanoparticles and Nanoclusters Composites with Enhanced Surface Raman Scattering and Metal Fluorescence for Cancer Imaging." Nanomaterials 8, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8100819.

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A large number of deaths from cancer can be attributed to the lack of effective early-stage diagnostic techniques. Thus, accurate and effective early diagnosis is a major research goal worldwide. With the unique phenomenon of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention for applications in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF). Both SERS and MEF are ultra-sensitive methods for the detection and identification of early tumor at molecular level. To combine the merits of the fast and accurate imaging of MEF and the stable and clear imaging of SERS, we propose a novel dual functional imaging nanoprobe based on gold nanoparticles and gold nanocluster composites (denoted AuNPC-RGD). The gold nanoparticles are used as LSPR substrates to realized enhancement of Raman or fluorescence signal, while the gold nanoclusters serve as a fluorophore for MEF imaging, and exhibit better biocompatibility and stability. Furthermore, target molecule of cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) is incorporated into the composite to improve delivery efficiency, selectivity and imaging accuracy. These integrated properties endow AuNPC-RGD composites with outstanding biocompatibility and excellent imaging abilities, which could be used to achieve accurate and effective diagnosis for early cancer.
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Yin, Bohan, Hongrong Yang, and Mo Yang. "Integrating Soft Hydrogel with Nanostructures Reinforces Stem Cell Adhesion and Differentiation." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6010019.

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Biophysical cues can regulate stem cell behaviours and have been considered as critical parameters of synthetic biomaterials for tissue engineering. In particular, hydrogels have been utilized as promising biomimetic and biocompatible materials to emulate the microenvironment. Therefore, well-defined mechanical properties of a hydrogel are important to direct desirable phenotypes of cells. Yet, limited research pays attention to engineering soft hydrogel with improved cell adhesive property, which is crucial for stem cell differentiation. Herein, we introduce silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) onto the surface of methacrylated hyaluronic (MeHA) hydrogel to manipulate the presentation of cell adhesive ligands (RGD) clusters, while remaining similar bulk mechanical properties (2.79 ± 0.31 kPa) to that of MeHA hydrogel (3.08 ± 0.68 kPa). RGD peptides are either randomly decorated in the MeHA hydrogel network or on the immobilized SiO2 NPs (forming MeHA–SiO2). Our results showed that human mesenchymal stem cells exhibited a ~1.3-fold increase in the percentage of initial cell attachment, a ~2-fold increase in cell spreading area, and enhanced expressions of early-stage osteogenic markers (RUNX2 and alkaline phosphatase) for cells undergoing osteogenic differentiation with the osteogenic medium on MeHA–SiO2 hydrogel, compared to those cultured on MeHA hydrogel. Importantly, the cells cultivated on MeHA–SiO2 expressed a ~5-fold increase in nuclear localization ratio of the yes-associated protein, which is known to be mechanosensory in stem cells, compared to the cells cultured on MeHA hydrogel, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. These findings demonstrate the potential use of nanomaterials into a soft polymeric matrix for enhanced cell adhesion and provide valuable guidance for the rational design of biomaterials for implantation.
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Afami, Marina E., Ikhlas El Karim, Imad About, Anna D. Krasnodembskaya, Garry Laverty, and Fionnuala T. Lundy. "Multicomponent Peptide Hydrogels as an Innovative Platform for Cell-Based Tissue Engineering in the Dental Pulp." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101575.

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In light of the increasing levels of antibiotic resistance, nanomaterials and novel biologics are urgently required to manage bacterial infections. To date, commercially available self-assembling peptide hydrogels have not been studied extensively for their ability to inhibit micro-organisms relevant to tissue engineering sites such as dental root canals. In this work, we assess the biocompatibility of dental pulp stem/stromal cells with commercially available multicomponent peptide hydrogels. We also determine the effects of dental pulp stem/stromal cell (DPSC) culture in hydrogels on growth factor/cytokine expression. Furthermore, to investigate novel aspects of self-assembling peptide hydrogels, we determine their antimicrobial activity against the oral pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. We show that self-assembling peptide hydrogels and hydrogels functionalized with the adhesion motif Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) are biocompatible with DPSCs, and that cells grown in 3D hydrogel cultures produce a discrete secretome compared with 2D-cultured cells. Furthermore, we show that soluble peptides and assembled hydrogels have antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens. Given their antibacterial activity against oral pathogens, biocompatibility with dental pulp stem/stromal cells and enhancement of an angiogenic secretome, multicomponent peptide hydrogels hold promise for translational use.
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Camacho, Ángela, Álvaro Duarte, Darwin Dubay, Enrique Forero, Edgar González, Franklin Jaramillo, Carlos Maldonado, et al. "Definición de nanomateriales para Colombia." Revista Colombiana de Química 45, no. 1 (August 11, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v45n1.58955.

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Debido a la creciente producción y uso de nanomateriales para actividades de investigación y desarrollo en Colombia, es necesario establecer una definición del término nanomaterial que facilite la toma de decisiones en torno a iniciativas de carácter regulatorio y de normatividad. Se presenta la definición de nanomateriales para Colombia que ha adoptado el Consejo Nacional Asesor de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología adscrito a la Red Colombiana de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología.
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Yedgar, Saul, Gregory Barshtein, and Alexander Gural. "Hemolytic Activity of Nanoparticles as a Marker of Their Hemocompatibility." Micromachines 13, no. 12 (November 27, 2022): 2091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122091.

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The potential use of nanomaterials in medicine offers opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches to treating complex disorders. For that reason, a new branch of science, named nanotoxicology, which aims to study the dangerous effects of nanomaterials on human health and on the environment, has recently emerged. However, the toxicity and risk associated with nanomaterials are unclear or not completely understood. The development of an adequate experimental strategy for assessing the toxicity of nanomaterials may include a rapid/express method that will reliably, quickly, and cheaply make an initial assessment. One possibility is the characterization of the hemocompatibility of nanomaterials, which includes their hemolytic activity as a marker. In this review, we consider various factors affecting the hemolytic activity of nanomaterials and draw the reader’s attention to the fact that the formation of a protein corona around a nanoparticle can significantly change its interaction with the red cell. This leads us to suggest that the nanomaterial hemolytic activity in the buffer does not reflect the situation in the blood plasma. As a recommendation, we propose studying the hemocompatibility of nanomaterials under more physiologically relevant conditions, in the presence of plasma proteins in the medium and under mechanical stress.
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Akpe, Victor, Tak H. Kim, Christopher L. Brown, and Ian E. Cock. "Circulating tumour cells: a broad perspective." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 168 (July 2020): 20200065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0065.

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Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have recently been identified as valuable biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic evaluations, as well for monitoring therapeutic responses to treatments. CTCs are rare cells which may be present as one CTC surrounded by approximately 1 million white blood cells and 1 billion red blood cells per millilitre of peripheral blood. Despite the various challenges in CTC detection, considerable progress in detection methods have been documented in recent times, particularly for methodologies incorporating nanomaterial-based platforms and/or integrated microfluidics. Herein, we summarize the importance of CTCs as biological markers for tumour detection, highlight their mechanism of cellular invasion and discuss the various challenges associated with CTC research, including vulnerability, heterogeneity, phenotypicity and size differences. In addition, we describe nanomaterial agents used for electrochemistry and surface plasmon resonance applications, which have recently been used to selectively capture cancer cells and amplify signals for CTC detection. The intrinsic properties of nanomaterials have also recently been exploited to achieve photothermal destruction of cancer cells. This review describes recent advancements and future perspectives in the CTC field.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RGD nanomaterials"

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Zhu, Lin. "Biocompatibility of Carbon Nanomaterials: Materials Characterization and Cytotoxicity Evaluation." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1343744183.

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Ji, Yu. "Characterisation of red blood cell Phagocytosis and assessment of nanoparticle uptake by Monocytic cells." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/208148/1/Yu_Ji_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis explored interactions between monocytes and IgG sensitised RBCs as well as synthetic particles for clinical and biomedical application. A monocyte monolayer assay was developed for Red Cell Reference Laboratory in Australia to predict transfusion outcomes, and mechanism and immune modulation associated with this assay and biomedical potential of polystyrene particles were explored using genetic and biological studies. The results obtained will contribute to improved transfusion safety and patient management and contribute knowledge in the fields of biomedical research using nanomaterials.
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Stevenson, Amadeus. "Interactions of nanoparticles with cells for nanomedical applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ecde4b01-e2ec-42f4-9353-72071b845775.

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Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field focused on the manipulation and control of materials with dimensions under 100 nm. The novel electronic, optical and mechanical properties observed at the nanoscale have resulted in a number of applications in catalysis, light emitting devices, solar power, self-cleaning surfaces and medicine. Medical applications of nanotechnology (“nanomedicine”) are particularly promising for rapid clinical diagnosis and targeted treatments. Understanding the interactions of nanoparticles with living matter is of fundamental importance for all application areas: manufacture, use and disposal of the growing number of nanoproducts will result in increased environmental exposure in addition to direct exposure through nanomedical applications. However, there is a lack of standard methodologies for assessing these interactions. In this work the stability of silver-based nanoparticles was established by UV- Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presence of a higher valence metal or polymer on the nanoparticle surface was demonstrated to improve stability. A standard methodology was developed to study nanoparticle-cell interactions: an “atlas” of the effects of known drugs on a cell is created, and compared with the effects of a nanoparticle. Escherichia coli was selected as a model organism and the effects of a range of antibiotics were characterised through a combination of microbiological assays and AFM. Susceptibility, population cell growth and individual heights, widths, lengths and volumes of bacteria were obtained on a 2% agarose substrate in air. The methodology was applied and adjusted for silver nanoparticles due to the interactions of silver with the bacterial growth medium. 10 and 30 nm silver nanoparticles and ions were found to kill E. coli through an internal mechanism of action, with a size-specific effect on the height of bacteria. Finally, a novel AFM characterisation method is described to examine the mechanical properties of live bacterial and human cells in liquid.
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Xuedan, He. "RGD-Modified dendrimers for drug encapsulation and targeted inhibition of tumor cells." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/1532.

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In this study, cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide-modified amine-terminated generation 5 poly(amidoamine) (G5.NH2 PAMAM) dendrimers were prepared for the encapsulation of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) for targeted delivery to cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin cell surface receptors. First, the thiolated RGD peptide was linked to polyethylene glycol (PEG) via the bifunctional cross-linking reagent 6-maleimidohexanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (MHS). Then a dendrimer modification process was performed in which the PEGylated RGD peptide and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FI) were covalently attached to the G5 dendrimers. This process was finally followed by acetylation of the remaining dendrimer terminal amines. The experimental results show that each G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD dendrimer approximately encapsulated six DOX molecules. This formed complex is water soluble and stable. In vitro release studies proved that the multifunctional dendrimers facilitate a sustained release of DOX. More interesting, one-dimensional NMR and two-dimensional NMR were applied to investigate the interactions between dendrimers and DOX. Here, the impact of the environmental pH on the release rate of DOX from G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD/DOX was fully studied. Furthermore, cell biological studies demonstrated that G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD dendrimers have no cytotoxicity towards U87-MG cancer cells but that G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD/DOX complexes have almost the same cytotoxicity as DOX alone. Moreover, due to the targeting ability of RGD, this dendrimer/drug system can also specifically target and display therapeutic efficacy to cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrins. The cellular internalization of the multifunctionalized dendrimer was shown to be receptor mediated to an important extent. According to this study, we can say that G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD is a promising system for the targeted therapy of different types of cancer.
Neste trabalho, foram preparados dendrímeros de poli(amidoamina) (PAMAM) de geração 5 (G5) funcionalizados com o péptido cíclico RGD para o encapsulamento do fármaco anticancerígeno doxorubicina (DOX) e sua entrega em células cancerígenas que expressem elevadas quantidades de integrinas αvβ3 na sua superfície (entrega específica do fármaco em células-alvo). No processo de síntese, o péptido contendo um grupo tiol foi primeiro ligado a uma cadeia de polietilenoglicol (PEG) através de um reagente de reticulação bi-funcional. De seguida, os dendrímeros foram ligados covalentemente ao péptido PEGilado e, ainda, ao isotiocianato de fluoresceína (FI), seguindo-se a acetilação (Ac) das aminas terminais remanescentes no dendrímero para se obter o sistema final G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD. Os resultados experimentais mostram que, aproximadamente, existem 6 moléculas de DOX encapsuladas por G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD, sendo estes complexos solúveis e estáveis em água. Os estudos in vitro mostraram que a libertação do fármaco a partir dos dendrímeros multifuncionalizados é controlada. O trabalho envolveu, ainda, estudos de NMR mono- e bi-dimensional na investigação da interacção existente entre os dendrímeros e as moléculas de DOX, e ainda a avaliação do impacto do pH ambiental na velocidade de libertação da DOX. Realizaram-se, igualmente, estudos biológicos com células U87-MG, os quais mostraram que os sistemas G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD não apresentavam toxicidade e que, quando complexados com a DOX, apresentavam uma citotoxicidade semelhante à do fármaco usado de forma isolada. Dada a afinidade do péptido RGD para as integrinas presentes em grande quantidade à superfície das células U87-MG, o sistema G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD mostrou-se muito eficaz na entrega específica do fármaco e consequente eficácia terapêutica. A entrega do fármaco nas células mostrou ser, numa importante extensão, mediada pelos receptores (integrinas αvβ3) presentes à sua superfície. Este trabalho mostrou que os dendrímeros multifuncionalizados G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD são RESUMO     vi bastante promissores como sistemas para a entrega específica de fármacos em células cancerígenas.
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Asampille, Gitanjali. "Study of a Self-assembling Polypeptide Nanotube: Structure, Dynamics and Applications in Cancer and Tissue engineering." Thesis, 2018. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5385.

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This thesis contains five chapters addressing the characterization and applications of a self-assembled polypeptide nanotube. It starts with an introduction to protein-based self-assembly and RGD-based targeted approaches in cancer. The formation and characterization of self-assembled nanotubes of a polypeptide fragment (hIGFBP2-249-289) is described in the second chapter, followed by a description of the structural insights and capturing intermediates of self-assembling nanotubes obtained using protein-NMR techniques in the third chapter. The fourth and fifth chapters focus on the RGD-based biomedical applications of nanotubes in cancer therapeutics and tissue engineering. An exhaustive literature has established that the ‘‘RGD’’, the adhesive peptide, is incorporated in a variety of biomaterials and shown to be highly effective in promoting the adhesion, morphology, and migration of numerous cell types to the plethora of diverse materials. Towards this end, we evaluated the effect of RGD containing hIGFBP-2249-289 nanotubes on different cell types. The presence of multi-RGD array on these nanotubes renders them the potential for using in tissue engineering. The proliferation and adhesion profiles of fibrosarcoma cells were examined when treated with nanotubes. The migration of epithelial cells and spreading of the fibroblast were observed significant when treated with nanotubes. Results confirm the functionality of RGD motif in these nanotubes. Taken together, the preparation and characterization of nanotubes have been described, the details of structure and dynamics of nanotubes examined and the utility of hIGFBP-2249-289 nanotubes in cancer therapeutics and tissue engineering.
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Kundu, Subhajit. "Mechanistic Understanding of Growth and Directed Assembly of Nanomaterials." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3686.

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When materials approach the size of few nanometers, they show properties which are significantly different from their bulk counterpart. Such unique/improved properties make them potential candidate for several emerging applications. At the reduced dimension, controlling the shape of nanocrystals provides an effective way to tune several material properties. In this regard, wet chemical synthesis has been established as the ultimate route to synthesize nanocrystals at ultra-small dimensions with excellent control over the morphology. However, the use of surfactant poses a barrier into efficient realization of its application as it requires a clean interface for better performance. Exercise of available cleaning protocols to clean the surface often leads to coarsening of the nanoparticles due to their inherent high surface curvature. For anisotropic nanomaterials, rounding of the shape is an additional problem. Anchoring nanomaterials onto substrates provides an easy way to impart stability. In this thesis, ultrathin Au nanowires, that are inherently unstable, have been shown to grow over a wide variety of substrates by in-situ functionalization. Use of nanomaterials as device component holds promise into miniaturization of electronics. But device fabrication in such cases require manipulation of nanomaterials with enhanced control. Dielectrophoresis offers an easy way to assemble nanomaterials in between contact pads and hence evolved as a promising tool to fabricate device with a good level of precision. Herein, directed assembly of ultrathin Au nanowires by dielectrophoresis, has been shown as an efficient strategy to fabricate devices based on the wires. Combining more than one nanocrystal, to form a heterostructure, often has the advantage of synergism and/or multifunctionality. Therefore, synthesis of heterostructure is highly useful in enhancing and/or adding functionalities to nanomaterials. There are several routes available in literature for synthesis of heterostructures. Newer strategies are being evolved to further improve performance in an application specific way. In that regard, a good understanding of mechanism of formation is crucial to form the desired product with the required functionality. For example, Au due to high electron affinity has been known to undergo reduction rather than cation exchange with chalcogenides. In this thesis, it has been shown that the final product depends on the delicate balance of reaction conditions and the system under study using CdS-Au as the model system. In yet another case, PdO nanotubes have been shown to form, on reaction of PdCl2 with ZnO at higher starting ratio of the precursors. In-situ generation of HCl provides an effective handle for tuning of the product from the commonly expected hybrid to hollow. Graphene has evolved as a wonder material due to its wide range of practical applications. Its superior conductivity with high flexibility has made it an important material in the field of nanoelectronics. In this thesis, an interesting case of packed crumpled graphene has been shown to sense a wide variety of strain/pressure which has applications in day to day life. The study reported in the thesis is organized as follows: Chapter 1 presents a general introduction to nanomaterials followed by the review of the available strategies to synthesize various 1D nanomaterials. Subsequently, a section on the classification of hybrid followed by the different synthetic protocols adopted in literature to synthesize them, have been provided. A review on the available methodologies for directed assembly of nanomaterials has been presented. Chapter 2 provides a summary of the materials synthesized and the techniques used for characterization of the materials. A brief description of all the synthetic strategy adopted has been provided. The basic principle of all the characterization techniques used, has been explained. A section explaining the principle of dielectrophoresis has also been presented. Chapter 3 presents a general method to grow ultrathin Au nanowires over a variety of substrates with different nature, topography and rigidity/flexibility. Ultrathin nanowires of Au (~2 nm in diameter) are potentially useful for various catalytic, plasmonic and device applications. Extreme fragility on polar solvent cleaning was a limitation in realizing the applications. Direct growth onto substrate was an alternative but poor interfacial energy of Au with most commercial substrates lead to poor coverage. In this chapter, in-situ functionalization of the substrates have been shown to improve Au nucleation dramatically which lead to growth of dense, networked nanowires over large area. Catalysis and lithography-free device fabrication has been demonstrated. Using the same concept of functionalization, SiO2 coating of the nanowires have been shown. A comparative study of thermal stability of these ultrafine Au nanowires in the uncoated and coated form, has been presented. Chapter 4 demonstrates an ultrafast device fabrication strategy with Au nanowires using dielectrophoresis. While dense growth of Au nanowires is beneficial for some applications, it is not so for some others. For example, miniaturization of electronics require large number of devices in a small area. Therefore, there is a need for methods to manipulate nanowires so as to place them in the desired location for successful fabrication of device with them. In this chapter, dielectrophoresis has been used for assembling nanowires in between and at the sides of the contact pads. Alignment under different conditions lead to an understanding of the forces. Fabrication of a large number of devices in a single experiment has been demonstrated. Chapter 5 presents a simple route to synthesize CdS-Au2Sx hybrid as a result of cation-exchange predominantly. Au due to high electron affinity has been shown in literature to undergo reduction rather than cation exchange with CdS. In this chapter, it has been shown that cation exchange may be a dominant product. The competition between cation exchange and reduction in the case of CdS-Au system has been studied using EDS, XRD, XPS and TEM. Thermodynamic calculation along with kinetic analysis show that the process may depend on a delicate balance of reaction conditions and the system under study. The methodology adopted, is general and may be applied to other systems. Chapter 6 presents an one pot, ultrafast microwave route to synthesize PdO hollow/hybrid nanomaterials. The common strategy to synthesize hollow nanomaterials had been by nucleation of the shell material on the core and subsequent dissolution of the core. In this chapter, a one step method to synthesize hollow PdO nanotubes, using ZnO nanorods as sacrificial template, has been shown. By tuning the ratio of the PdCl2 (PdO precursor) to ZnO, ZnO-PdO hybrid could be obtained using the same method. The PdO nanotubes synthesized could be converted to Pd nanotubes by NaBH4 treatment. Study of thermal stability of the PdO nanotubes has been carried out. Chapter 7 demonstrates a simple strategy to sense a variety of strain/pressure with taped crumpled graphene. Detection of ultralow strain (10-3) with high gauge factor is challenging and poorly addressed in literature. Taped crumpled graphene has been shown to detect such low strain with high gauge factor (> 4000). An ultra-fast switching time of 20.4 ms has been documented in detection of dynamic strain of frequency 49 Hz. An excellent cyclic stability for >7000 cycles has been demonstrated. The same device could be used to detect gentle pressure pulses with consistency. Slight modification of the device configuration enabled detection of high pressure. Simplicity of the device fabrication allowed fabrication of the device onto stick labels which could be pasted on any surface, for instance, floor. Hard pressing, stamping with feet and hammering shocks do not alter the base resistance of the device, indicating that it is extremely robust. Sealed arrangement of the graphene allowed operation of the device under water in detection of water pressure. Presence of trapped air underneath the tape enabled detection of air pressure both below and above atmospheric pressure.
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Kundu, Subhajit. "Mechanistic Understanding of Growth and Directed Assembly of Nanomaterials." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3686.

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When materials approach the size of few nanometers, they show properties which are significantly different from their bulk counterpart. Such unique/improved properties make them potential candidate for several emerging applications. At the reduced dimension, controlling the shape of nanocrystals provides an effective way to tune several material properties. In this regard, wet chemical synthesis has been established as the ultimate route to synthesize nanocrystals at ultra-small dimensions with excellent control over the morphology. However, the use of surfactant poses a barrier into efficient realization of its application as it requires a clean interface for better performance. Exercise of available cleaning protocols to clean the surface often leads to coarsening of the nanoparticles due to their inherent high surface curvature. For anisotropic nanomaterials, rounding of the shape is an additional problem. Anchoring nanomaterials onto substrates provides an easy way to impart stability. In this thesis, ultrathin Au nanowires, that are inherently unstable, have been shown to grow over a wide variety of substrates by in-situ functionalization. Use of nanomaterials as device component holds promise into miniaturization of electronics. But device fabrication in such cases require manipulation of nanomaterials with enhanced control. Dielectrophoresis offers an easy way to assemble nanomaterials in between contact pads and hence evolved as a promising tool to fabricate device with a good level of precision. Herein, directed assembly of ultrathin Au nanowires by dielectrophoresis, has been shown as an efficient strategy to fabricate devices based on the wires. Combining more than one nanocrystal, to form a heterostructure, often has the advantage of synergism and/or multifunctionality. Therefore, synthesis of heterostructure is highly useful in enhancing and/or adding functionalities to nanomaterials. There are several routes available in literature for synthesis of heterostructures. Newer strategies are being evolved to further improve performance in an application specific way. In that regard, a good understanding of mechanism of formation is crucial to form the desired product with the required functionality. For example, Au due to high electron affinity has been known to undergo reduction rather than cation exchange with chalcogenides. In this thesis, it has been shown that the final product depends on the delicate balance of reaction conditions and the system under study using CdS-Au as the model system. In yet another case, PdO nanotubes have been shown to form, on reaction of PdCl2 with ZnO at higher starting ratio of the precursors. In-situ generation of HCl provides an effective handle for tuning of the product from the commonly expected hybrid to hollow. Graphene has evolved as a wonder material due to its wide range of practical applications. Its superior conductivity with high flexibility has made it an important material in the field of nanoelectronics. In this thesis, an interesting case of packed crumpled graphene has been shown to sense a wide variety of strain/pressure which has applications in day to day life. The study reported in the thesis is organized as follows: Chapter 1 presents a general introduction to nanomaterials followed by the review of the available strategies to synthesize various 1D nanomaterials. Subsequently, a section on the classification of hybrid followed by the different synthetic protocols adopted in literature to synthesize them, have been provided. A review on the available methodologies for directed assembly of nanomaterials has been presented. Chapter 2 provides a summary of the materials synthesized and the techniques used for characterization of the materials. A brief description of all the synthetic strategy adopted has been provided. The basic principle of all the characterization techniques used, has been explained. A section explaining the principle of dielectrophoresis has also been presented. Chapter 3 presents a general method to grow ultrathin Au nanowires over a variety of substrates with different nature, topography and rigidity/flexibility. Ultrathin nanowires of Au (~2 nm in diameter) are potentially useful for various catalytic, plasmonic and device applications. Extreme fragility on polar solvent cleaning was a limitation in realizing the applications. Direct growth onto substrate was an alternative but poor interfacial energy of Au with most commercial substrates lead to poor coverage. In this chapter, in-situ functionalization of the substrates have been shown to improve Au nucleation dramatically which lead to growth of dense, networked nanowires over large area. Catalysis and lithography-free device fabrication has been demonstrated. Using the same concept of functionalization, SiO2 coating of the nanowires have been shown. A comparative study of thermal stability of these ultrafine Au nanowires in the uncoated and coated form, has been presented. Chapter 4 demonstrates an ultrafast device fabrication strategy with Au nanowires using dielectrophoresis. While dense growth of Au nanowires is beneficial for some applications, it is not so for some others. For example, miniaturization of electronics require large number of devices in a small area. Therefore, there is a need for methods to manipulate nanowires so as to place them in the desired location for successful fabrication of device with them. In this chapter, dielectrophoresis has been used for assembling nanowires in between and at the sides of the contact pads. Alignment under different conditions lead to an understanding of the forces. Fabrication of a large number of devices in a single experiment has been demonstrated. Chapter 5 presents a simple route to synthesize CdS-Au2Sx hybrid as a result of cation-exchange predominantly. Au due to high electron affinity has been shown in literature to undergo reduction rather than cation exchange with CdS. In this chapter, it has been shown that cation exchange may be a dominant product. The competition between cation exchange and reduction in the case of CdS-Au system has been studied using EDS, XRD, XPS and TEM. Thermodynamic calculation along with kinetic analysis show that the process may depend on a delicate balance of reaction conditions and the system under study. The methodology adopted, is general and may be applied to other systems. Chapter 6 presents an one pot, ultrafast microwave route to synthesize PdO hollow/hybrid nanomaterials. The common strategy to synthesize hollow nanomaterials had been by nucleation of the shell material on the core and subsequent dissolution of the core. In this chapter, a one step method to synthesize hollow PdO nanotubes, using ZnO nanorods as sacrificial template, has been shown. By tuning the ratio of the PdCl2 (PdO precursor) to ZnO, ZnO-PdO hybrid could be obtained using the same method. The PdO nanotubes synthesized could be converted to Pd nanotubes by NaBH4 treatment. Study of thermal stability of the PdO nanotubes has been carried out. Chapter 7 demonstrates a simple strategy to sense a variety of strain/pressure with taped crumpled graphene. Detection of ultralow strain (10-3) with high gauge factor is challenging and poorly addressed in literature. Taped crumpled graphene has been shown to detect such low strain with high gauge factor (> 4000). An ultra-fast switching time of 20.4 ms has been documented in detection of dynamic strain of frequency 49 Hz. An excellent cyclic stability for >7000 cycles has been demonstrated. The same device could be used to detect gentle pressure pulses with consistency. Slight modification of the device configuration enabled detection of high pressure. Simplicity of the device fabrication allowed fabrication of the device onto stick labels which could be pasted on any surface, for instance, floor. Hard pressing, stamping with feet and hammering shocks do not alter the base resistance of the device, indicating that it is extremely robust. Sealed arrangement of the graphene allowed operation of the device under water in detection of water pressure. Presence of trapped air underneath the tape enabled detection of air pressure both below and above atmospheric pressure.
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Tomaszewski, Mariusz. "Wspomaganie procesu anammox w niskich temperaturach zredukowanym tlenkiem grafenu." Rozprawa doktorska, 2019. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=58662.

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Tomaszewski, Mariusz. "Wspomaganie procesu anammox w niskich temperaturach zredukowanym tlenkiem grafenu." Rozprawa doktorska, 2019. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=58662.

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Book chapters on the topic "RGD nanomaterials"

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Zhang, Yunjiao. "RGD-RE-1 Bifunctional Short Peptide Enhances the Interaction Between Rare Earth Nanomaterials and Cancer Cells and the Effect of Cell Autophagy." In Springer Theses, 143–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8166-0_6.

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Liu, Yihang, Dingzhou Cui, Mingrui Chen, Zhen Li, and Chongwu Zhou. "Synthesis of Red and Black Phosphorus Nanomaterials." In ACS Symposium Series, 1–25. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2019-1333.ch001.

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Bondavalli, Paolo. "New Generation of NVMs Based on Graphene-related Nanomaterials." In Rad-hard Semiconductor Memories, 341–67. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003339182-9.

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Kharlamov, A., G. Kharlamova, O. Khyzhun, and N. Kirillova. "New Substances: Red Carbon Suboxide, Red N-doped Fullerene (C50N10)O3H10 and Red Carbon." In Carbon Nanomaterials in Clean Energy Hydrogen Systems - II, 287–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0899-0_24.

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Srivyas, Pranav Dev, M. S. Charoo, Soundhar Arumugam, and Tanmoy Medhi. "Tribological performance of RGO and Al2O3 nanodispersions in synthetic lubricant." In Nanomaterials for Sustainable Tribology, 65–74. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003306276-4.

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Ho, Cheuk-Lam, and Wai-Yeung Wong. "Recent Progress of Iridium(III) Red Phosphors for Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes." In Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Devices, 195–214. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118867204.ch7.

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Kamble, Vinayak, Soumya Biswas, V. R. Appu, and Arun Kumar. "Reduced Graphene Oxide Photodetector Devices for Infra-Red Sensing." In Carbon Nanomaterial Electronics: Devices and Applications, 349–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1052-3_14.

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Bhangare, Bhagyashri, Niranjan S. Ramgir, K. R. Sinju, A. Pathak, S. Jagtap, A. K. Debnath, K. P. Muthe, and S. W. Gosavi. "Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)-Based Nanohybrids as Gas Sensors: State of the Art." In Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 189–217. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4810-9_8.

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Goel, Shreya, Feng Chen, and Weibo Cai. "Red Blood Cell-Mimicking Hybrid Nanoparticles." In Hybrid Nanomaterials, 7–35. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315370934-2.

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Vaishnav, Vikash Kumar, Khageshwar Prasad, Rashmi Yadav, Amitabh Aharwar, and Bhupendra Nath Tiwary. "Graphene-Based Nanomaterials and Their Sensing Application." In Recent Advances in Biosensor Technology, 45–77. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815123739123010006.

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Carbon-based materials (CBMs) like graphene, hybrid graphene compounds (HCOGs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), as well as their derivatives like graphane, graphone, graphyne, graphdiyne, and fluorographene, are the direct descendants of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs). GBNs are graphene derivatives with single and multilayered graphene products. Their doped versions have marked remarkable significance over the past decade in scientific fields for applications due to their physical as well as their chemical properties. Graphene has emerged as a promising application for sensing, gas separation, water purification, biotechnology, disease diagnosis, bioengineering, and biomedicine. Graphene nanomaterials also play an important role in surface engineering (bioconjugation), improving their performance in vitro/in vivo stability and elevating the functionality of graphene-based nanomaterials, which can enable single/multimodality image optical imaging, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and therapy photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and drug/ gene delivery in cancer. Graphene nanoparticles have the natural fluorescence properties of graphene, which helps to bioimage cancer cells. They are perspective drug carriers appropriate for their target selectivity, easy chemosensitization, functionalization, and excellent drug-loading capacity. Iron-based graphene composites are with other companionable materials of exploration to make novel hybrid complexes with preferred uniqueness for biointerfacing.
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Conference papers on the topic "RGD nanomaterials"

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Martí-Centelles, Vicente, Andrea Bernardos Bau, Maria Dolores Marcos Martínez, Susana Querol Magdalena, and Joana Oliver Talens. "Prácticas de Materiales y Nanomateriales para Estudiantes de Primer Curso de Ingeniería Física." In IN-RED 2022: VIII Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inred2022.2022.15908.

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La asignatura “Fundamentos Químicos para Ingeniería I” forma parte del módulo de formación básica del Grado de Ingeniería Física que se imparte en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación en la Universitat Politécnica de Valencia. Esta asignatura consta de una parte teórica, en la que se enseñan los conceptos químicos básicos además de ciencia de los materiales. En esta comunicación se presenta el desarrollo de sesiones prácticas de laboratorio con el objetivo de introducir una mejora educativa y poder aplicar en el laboratorio los conceptos de ciencia de los materiales de la asignatura a través de experimentos asequibles a estudiantes de primer curso que les permitan una mejor asimilación de los contenidos de la asignatura. Los alumnos han participado de forma activa en las sesiones de laboratorio y nos han planteado sus dudas sobre los procesos realizados y las bases teóricas de los mismos.
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Ichkitidze, L. P., D. V. Telishev, N. A. Demidenko, E. P. Kitsyuk, and V. V. Zar. "The study of the electrical conductivity of layers of biological composite nanomaterials." In XIV RUSSIAN-GERMANY CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (RGC-2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5121954.

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Rosticher, C., C. Chanéac, B. Viana, M. A. Fortin, J. Lagueux, and L. Faucher. "Red persistent luminescence and magnetic properties of nanomaterials for multimodal imaging." In SPIE OPTO, edited by Ferechteh H. Teherani, David C. Look, and David J. Rogers. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2087319.

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Mondal, B., S. Hungyo, C. Roychaudhury, and H. Saha. "ZnO nano-rod based hydrogen sensor." In International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials & Emerging Engineering Technologies (ICANMEET-2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icanmeet.2013.6609323.

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Fratilescu, Ion, and Eugenia Fagadar-Cosma. "Recovery of Waste Industrial Waters Containing Red Congo by Multifunctionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials." In Priochem 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2022007019.

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Kotsyubynsky, Volodymyr, Volodymyra Boychuk, Myroslava Hodlevska, Bogdan Rachiy, Liliia Turovska, and Andrii Khopta. "Effect of Surfactants on the Synthesis of NiFe2O4/rGO Composites by Co-Precipitation Method." In 2022 IEEE 12th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap55339.2022.9934657.

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Prokopiuk, Volodymyr, Anatolii Onishchenko, Svetlana Yefimova, Pavel Maksimchuk, Vladyslav Seminko, Oksana Nakonechna, Vladimir Klochkov, Nataliya Kavok, and Anton Tkachenko. "Size-dependent Effect of CeO2 Nanoparticles on ROS Generation in Red Blood Cells." In 2022 IEEE 12th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap55339.2022.9934177.

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Singh, Prashant, Seul-Yi Lee, and Roop L. Mahajan. "An Experimental Investigation of the Contribution of Different Carbonaceous Nanomaterials to Thermal Conductance of Thermal Interface Materials." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11553.

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Abstract With the increasing demand for higher performance and progressive miniaturization of electronic packages, power densities and the attendant thermal dissipation requirements are expected to escalate. One of the important strategies to ensure reliable operation at the device and die (chip) levels is the use of Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) to reduce the thermal resistance between the chip and the heat sink. In this study, we have carried out an experimental investigation to characterize thermal conductance of TIMs composed of commercially available graphene (c-rGO), graphene nanoplatlets (GNPs) of different lateral sizes (5, 15 and 25 μm), and our in-house produced thermally reduced graphene oxide at 600°C (T-rGO-600). These additives were loaded in a silicone rubber matrix where their loading fraction was fixed at 2% by weight. Thermal conductance of the resulting TIMs was determined by measuring heat flow, in steady state, through a TIM sandwiched between two metal blocks. The thermal conductance values representing the combined resistance of the composite material and the contact resistances between the TIM and the metal blocks were measured at different heat flux levels across the TIM. The results show that the thermal conductance values were independent of the heat load across the TIM as well as the TIM temperature. Further, a detailed investigation of the surface functionality and structural properties has revealed that the in-house produced T-rGO-600 has superior thermal conductance when compared to the above-mentioned carbonaceous nanomaterials, which are considered as potential candidates for enhancing thermal performance of TIMs. The data demonstrates that this result is attributable to the formation of the surface functional groups and the associated morphological changes during the reduction of graphene oxide to the T-rGO-600. Among the different GNPs tested, the GNP-15 exhibited superior thermal performance compared to the GNP-5 and GNP-25 samples.
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Perekrestov, Vyacheslav, Yuliia Kosminska, and Borys Dyoshyn. "Structure and Composition of (CrCoNiWTaHfZrTi)C Coatings Obtained by Magnetron Sputtering of a Rod-Like Segmented Target." In 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap47236.2019.216936.

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Panda, Manas Ranjan, Anish Raj K., Ananta Sarkar, Qiaoliang Bao, and Sagar Mitra. "Electrochemical investigation of MoTe2/rGO composite materials for sodium-ion battery application." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE APPLICATIONS: NECSA 2018. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5035235.

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