Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'RFID; traceability; internet of things'
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Sobrinho, Osvaldo Gogliano. "Serviço de resolução e descoberta de informações sobre objetos em sistemas baseados em RFID." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-16102013-162918/.
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Apresenta-se o resultado de uma pesquisa destinada a propor um serviço para a resolução e descoberta de informações sobre objetos. Neste contexto, entendem-se como objetos os itens de uma cadeia produtiva e, como prováveis clientes do serviço proposto, sistemas de informação destinados ao gerenciamento de logística junto às cadeias produtivas e/ou à manutenção de dados sobre a rastreabilidade das cadeias. Encontram-se no mercado diversos sistemas de informação com estas características. A conveniência da troca de informações diretas entre os membros das cadeias produtivas, motiva diversos pesquisadores a propor a criação de padrões de dados. Uma das propostas mais relevantes, apresentada pela entidade internacional GS1, envolve a especificação de uma arquitetura para estes sistemas, bem como um vocabulário de dados padronizado, a Rede EPCglobal®. A utilização da tecnologia RFID permite a obtenção automática de dados, quando da passagem dos itens por leitores RFID instalados ao longo da cadeia produtiva. A utilização de um código padronizado, denominado Electronic Product CodeTM (EPC) na gravação das etiquetas RFID é outra vantagem desta tecnologia. Uma das funcionalidades essenciais deste sistema consiste na possibilidade de obtenção de informações relativas a um determinado produto. Estas informações podem se encontrar não somente no produtor do item, mas em todos os membros da cadeia produtiva que tiveram acesso ao item. Esta funcionalidade é o único aspecto da rede EPCglobal® ainda não especificada pelo GS1. Por esta razão, diversos pesquisadores têm-se dedicado à elaboração de propostas. O resultado desta pesquisa é mais uma delas. A solução apresentada baseia-se no uso de redes peer-to-peer (P2P), mais especificamente do protocolo Kademlia, escolhido a partir da comparação entre os vários protocolos propostos na literatura, visando a uma melhor eficácia. A partir de uma simulação efetuada em software especialmente desenvolvido para esta finalidade, apresentam-se os detalhes da sugestão e os resultados obtidos com sua utilização.This is the result of a survey intended to propose a resolution and discovery service of information about objects. In this context, objects are items of a production chain and, likely customers of the proposed service, are information systems intended for logistics management at the productive chains and/or maintenance of data on traceability of supply chains. This scenario fits perfectly to the paradigm of the Internet of Things, where objects of everyday use have active participation on the Internet. The convenience of direct exchange of information between the members and the supply chains motivates many researchers to propose the creation of data standards. One of the most relevant proposals, presented by the international organization GS1, involves the architecture specification for these systems, as well as a standard data vocabulary, the EPCglobal® Network. The use of RFID technology allows obtaining data, during the passage of items by RFID readers installed along the supply chain. The use of a standardized code in the recording of RFID tags, called the Electronic Product CodeTM (EPC), is another advantage of this technology. One of the essential features of this system is the possibility of obtaining information relating to an individual product. This information can be found not only in item producer, but also in all members of the supply chain that had access to the item. This functionality is the only aspect of EPCglobal® not yet specified by GS1. For this reason, several researchers have been working with new suggestions. The solution presented is another proposal based on the use of an implementation of a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, using the Kademlia Protocol, chosen from the comparison between the several protocols proposed in the literature, aiming at a better effectiveness. From a simulation carried out in software specially developed for this purpose, we present the details of the suggestion and the results obtained with its use.
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Vitale, Clemente. "Internet of Things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3184/.
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Zhang, Zhi. "Networked RFID Systems for the Internet of Things." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektroniksystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-120056.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) utilizes trillions of uniquely identifiable smart objects to connect anything at anytime and anywhere. Radio frequency identification (RFID) techniques are a powerful promising enabler for realizing the IoT. Around how to build hierarchical networked RFID systems for the IoT, this dissertation formulates and addresses problems in three key areas, i.e., communication protocols, simulation approaches, and RFID applications. Communication protocols are essential for designing high-performance networked RFID systems. First, we propose to use time hopping pulse-position modulation (TH-PPM) impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) for the tag-to-reader link. We analyze different parts of the system delay and propose relevant strategies to shorten the delay. Second, we give the concept of code division multiple access (CDMA) UWB RFID systems. We analyze the asynchronous matched filter receiver and decorrelating receiver for multi-tag detection, and propose a new communication process that fully exploits the multiple-access capability of the two detection schemes. Simulations are widely used to evaluate the performance of wireless networks. We propose a new approach for simulating networked RFID systems with multiple wireless standards within one case in OMNeT++. It is realized by partitioning and modeling the protocol stacks of different standards and designing a multi-radio module. Moreover, we propose a CO-Simulation framework with MATLAB and OMNeT++ (COSMO). COSMO has the ability of self-validation. It combines the strengths of MATLAB and OMNeT++ by compiling prebuilt models in MATLAB to header files and shared libraries and integrating them into OMNeT++. RFID technology gains popularity because it can be used to track and monitor objects in real time. We implement two typical networked RFID applications, i.e., wide area RFID sensor network and item-level indoor RFID localization. We design a two-layered wide area RFID sensor network for fresh food tracking. It adopts GSM/GPRS for the communication between the server and master nodes, and semi IR-UWB for the communication between master nodes and slave nodes. We develop the control platform and implement the all-in-one sensor nodes. For indoor RFID localization, we give insights about the influence of tag interaction on tag antenna radiation pattern and localization accuracy. Two examples, i.e., the k-NN algorithm and the Simplex algorithm, are taken to show how to utilize tag interaction analysis to improve the design of localization algorithms.QC 20130409
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Ström, Patrik. "RFID-baserad identifikation i vården." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130720.
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Det här arbetet har syftat till att utvärdera möjligheterna till att använda Raspberry Pi 2, som en del av ett identifikationssystem i vårdmiljöer. Rapporten tar upp och utvärderar möjligheterna att använda olika hårdvara och mjukvara tillsammans med Raspberry Pi, så som olika RFID-läsare, operativsystem och styrmjukvara till RFID-läsarna. Rapporten tar även upp tidigare forskning och implementationer av RFID-användning i vårdmiljöer. Från början var målet att använda Snappy Ubuntu Core som operativsystem, men laborativt arbete visade att Snappy Ubuntu Core inte riktigt hade vad som krävdes för att uppfylla syftet. Arbetet har resulterat i konstruerad mjukvara för att styra och läsa av RFID-kort med en av RFID-läsarna som testats, och det har även experimenteras med Node-RED tillsammans med RFID-mjukvaran.
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Lopes, Octávio Antunes. "RFID and the internet of things in freight and handling operations." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2225.
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Master in Management and Industrial StrategyRFID technology (Radio Frequency IDentification) is an automatic identification method relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices (RFID tags or transponders) enabling the contactless identification of objects. RFID has been around for decades but only during the last years has become one of the most promising research areas with more and more attention focused on it. The retail sector had been leading the way with logistics applications, followed by some government agencies with identification systems and by different sectors of activity (pharmaceuticals, aircraft manufacturing, etc). Together with the last technological developments, new ideas and concepts are generating new paradigms as the "Internet of Things". The "Internet of Things" can be described as "Things having identities and virtual personalities operating in smart spaces using intelligent interfaces to connect and communicate within social, environmental, and user contexts ".1 Also during the last decades, air transportation has become more and more important for people mobility and goods transportation in the global economy environment. According to IATA , RFID can be used as a way to improve a range of airline business processes while cutting costs. IATA had developed a standard for RFID baggage tags and recommended practices and business cases for the use of RFID in baggage handling. With this study it is planed to analyse the situation in the two main airports in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto), based in Portway ground handling operations, compare it with some actual developments, the E-Cab Project and IATA proposals and recommendations, and to evaluate scenarios and their feasibility in a near future.
A tecnologia RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) é um método de identificação automático de armazenamento e recuperação remota de informação, recorrendo a dispositivos (etiquetas ou transmissores-receptores RFID) que permitem a sua leitura à distância e sem necessidade de qualquer contacto directo com os objectos. Sendo uma tecnologia já com décadas de existência, só durante os últimos anos é que se tem evidenciado como uma das mais promissoras , captando cada vez mais atenção por parte dos diversos actores. O sector de retalho tem vindo a promover a sua divulgação, liderando o desenvolvimento de diversas aplicações logísticas e sendo seguido, durante os últimos anos, por algumas agências governamentais com o desenvolvimento de sistemas de identificação e por diversos outrossectores de actividade (farmacêutica, construção aeronáutica, etc). Em simultâneo com os mais recentes progressos tecnológicos e com o desenvolvimento de conceitos mais inovadores, um novo paradigma tem aparecido com a designação da "Internet dos Objectos". A "Internet dos Objectos" pode ser descrita como "objectos possuindo identidades e personalidades virtuais operando em espaços inteligentes usando interfaces inteligentes para ligar e comunicar em contextos sociais, ambientais e no seio dos utilizadores". Também durante as últimas décadas, o transporte aéreo tem vindo a desempenhar um papel cada vez mais importante para a mobilidade das populações e para o transporte de mercadorias no ambiente da economia global. De acordo com a IATA, as tecnologias RFID poderão vir a ser utilizadas com sucesso, reduzindo custos e melhorando um vasto conjunto de processos correntes no sector, tendo já desenvolvido alguns normativos e recomendações relativas à aplicação de etiquetas RFID na identificação e monitorização de bagagem. Com este trabalho pretende-se analisar a situação nos dois principais aeroportos Portugueses (Lisboa e Porto), baseada nas operações de handling da Portway, comparar os resultados obtidos com os desenvolvimentos actuais resultantes do Projecto E-Cab e com as propostas e recomendações da IATA, avaliando cenários e a possibilidade da sua concretização num futuro próximo.
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Fabian, Benjamin. "Secure name services for the internet of things." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15829.
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Mit dem Begriff Internet der Dinge (IOT) wird eine im Entstehen begriffene globale, Internet-basierte Architektur von Informationsdiensten bezeichnet, die Informationen Ÿber mit RFID-Chips versehene GegenstŠnde bereitstellt. Das IOT soll den Informationsaustausch Ÿber GŸter in in globalen Logistiknetzen erleichtern, ihre Transparenz erhšhen und somit Effizienzsteigerungen erreichen. Namensdienste fŸr das IOT sind verteilte Systeme, die bei Eingabe eines Identifikators fŸr einen Gegenstand, z.B. eines Elektronischen Produktcodes (EPC), eine Liste von Internetadressen fŸr Dienste zurŸckgeben, die weitere Informationen Ÿber den Gegenstand anbieten. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat die Herausforderungen an die Informationssicherheit von IOT-Namensdiensten (IOTNS) zum Thema. Hierbei leisten wir die folgenden ForschungsbeitrŠge: Erstens werden die Anforderungen an einen IOTNS herausgearbeitet, wobei insbesondere mehrseitige Sicherheit und die Perspektive der IOTNS-Clients berŸcksichtigt werden, die in den Standards und der Forschungsliteratur zum IOT bisher vernachlŠssigt worden sind. Zweitens fŸhren wir eine Sicherheitsanalyse des einflu§reichen Standards Object Naming Service (ONS) durch. Drittens werden Verbesserungen des ONS diskutiert, die einen Teil der ONS-Sicherheitsprobleme beheben kšnnten, ohne den etablierten Standard vollstŠndig zu verŠndern. Hierbei werden insbesondere eine Architektur fŸr Multipolares ONS und ihr Prototyp vorgestellt, bei der die internationale AbhŠngigkeit von dem Land reduziert werden kann, das den ONS-Root kontrolliert. Viertens prŠsentieren wir eine neue IOTNS-Architektur und ihre Implementierung auf der Forschungsplattform PlanetLab, die auf verteilten Hashtabellen basiert und von der gezeigt wird, dass sie verbesserte Sicherheitseigenschaften gegenŸber ONS aufweist -- bei vergleichbarem oder sogar erhšhtem Grad an FunktionalitŠt, Skalierbarkeit und Systemleistung.The term Internet of Things (IOT) describes an emerging global, Internet-based information service architecture for RFID-tagged items (Radio-Frequency Identification). In the vision of its proponents, this IOT will facilitate information exchange about goods in global supply chain networks, increase transparency, and enhance their efficiency. Name Services for the IOT are distributed systems that serve the following fundamental lookup function: Given an identifier for a real-world object, e.g., an Electronic Product Code (EPC), they return a list of Internet addresses of services, which offer additional information about this object. This thesis discusses the information security challenges involved in the design and use of an IOT Name Service (IOTNS). Our main contributions are the following: First, the requirements for an IOTNS are collected and discussed, including multilateral security and the client perspective, which have been neglected in IOT standards and research literature so far. Second, we conduct a detailed security analysis of the most influential standard Object Naming Service (ONS). This extends our previous article that initiated this new research line in the field of RFID and IOT security. Third, enhancements to ONS are discussed, which could mitigate some of the ONS security shortcomings in an evolutionary way without completely abandoning the established standard. In particular, we describe an architecture and prototype for Multipolar ONS, which reduces international dependency on a single country controlling the ONS Root. Fourth, we present a new IOTNS architecture based on Distributed Hash Tables (DHT) and its implementation on the research platform PlanetLab. This architecture is shown to offer enhanced overall security compared to ONS while delivering equivalent or even better functionality, scalability, and performance.
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Wang, Jing. "Indoor Localization Using Augmented UHF RFID System for the Internet-of-Things." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36051.
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Indoor localization with proximity information in ultra-high-frequency (UHF) radio-frequency-identification (RFID) is widely considered as a potential candidate of locating items in Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm. First, the proximity-based methods are less affected by multi-path distortion and dynamic changes of the indoor environment compared to the traditional range-based localization methods. The objective of this dissertation is to use tag-to-tag backscattering communication link in augmented UHF RFID system (AURIS) for proximity-based indoor localization solution. Tag-to-tag backscattering communication in AURIS has an obvious advantage over the conventional reader-to-tag link for proximity-based indoor localization by keeping both landmark and mobile tags simple and inexpensive. This work is the very first thesis evaluating proximity-based localization solution using tag-to-tag backscattering communication.Our research makes the contributions in terms of phase cancellation effect, the improved mathematical models and localization algorithm. First, we investigate the phase cancellation effect in the tag-to-tag backscattering communication, which has a significant effect on proximity-based localization. We then present a solution to counter such destructive effect by exploiting the spatial diversity of dual antennas. Second, a novel and realistic detection probability model of ST-to-tag detection is proposed. In AURIS, a large set of passive tags are placed at known locations as landmarks, and STs are attached mobile targets of interest. We identify two technical roadblocks of AURIS and existing localization algorithms as false synchronous detection assumption and state evolution model constraints. With the new and more realistic detection probability model we explore the use of particle filtering methodology for localizing ST, which overcomes the aforementioned roadblocks. Last, we propose a landmark-based sequential localization and mapping framework (SQLAM) for AURIS to locate STs and passive tags with unknown locations, which leverages a set of passive landmark tags to localize ST, and sequentially constructs a geographical map of passive tags with unknown locations while ST is moving in the environment. Mapping passive tags with unknown locations accurately leads to practical advantages. First, the localization capability of AURIS is not confined to the objects carrying STs. Second, the problem of failed landmark tags is addressed by including passive tags with resolved locations into landmark set. Each of the contributions is supported by extensive computer simulation to demonstrate the performance of enhancements.
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Fuentes, Erick William. "RFIDIoT: RFID as the data link layer for the internet of things." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101539.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-87).
In this thesis, the suitability of RFID as a platform for real time applications in the Internet of Things is investigated. Two sample applications of RFID technology identify throughput and latency as key figures of merit. An experiment to measure these parameters in an existing implementation is devised and executed. The sources of latency are identified with a high degree of accuracy. Recommendations for improvement of the existing implementation are guided by the latency measurements.
by Erick William Fuentes.
S.M.
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Sozio, Diego. "Protocolli applicativi per il mondo Internet Of Things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17544/.
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Introduzione al mondo IoT e definizione delle caratteristiche che accomunano i dispositivi che lo compongono, alcuni cenni sulle tecnologie WSN e RFID. Analisi e studio dei principali protocolli di comunicazione, sia ambito produttivo che non, quali MQTT, LonWorks e OPC-UA e relativi scenari applicativi. Possibili sviluppi dei protocolli al fine di unificare l'interfaccia di comunicazione
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Wang, Jue 1986. "RFID as a key enabler of the internet of things : localization and communication." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90005.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 157-167).
By having everything in our physical world digitally connected, the Internet of Things is expected to transform how we interact with our environments and unlock tremendous business values through advance analytics. Owing to its low cost, small form factor, and its ability to communicate without a battery, RFID has emerged as a key enabler for digitally connecting, identifying, and tracking everyday objects. Each year, billions of RFIDs are being deployed to tag retail goods, track pharmaceuticals, and build smart infrastructures. However, core technical challenges in localization and data communication remain to be addressed, before RFID could reach its full potential in the Internet of Things. Today's RFID systems can only identify whether a tagged object is within radio range (up to tens of meters) while lacking the capability to pinpoint its exact location. This dissertation presents three centimeter-scale RFID localization designs, each introducing a set of new techniques and targeting a different application: 1) business analytics and asset management; 2) navigating a robot toward an RFID-tagged object and estimating its position and orientation for manipulation; 3) a virtual touch screen enabled by tracing the detailed trajectory of the RFID on an user's finger to reconstruct her drawing or handwriting in the air. Beyond locating and tracking objects, RFID also holds great potential in forming ultra-low power sensor networks to collect data. A major problem that has challenged this vision is that, unlike WiFi or cellular devices, backscatter RFIDs lack functionalities like carrier sense and rate adaptation, and hence RFID-sensor networks tend to suffer from collisions and inefficient data communication. In this dissertation, instead of considering collision as detrimental and trying to avoid it, we show how to transform collisions into a distributed code across the bits transmitted by a network of RFIDs. We leverage this collision-based code to achieve fast node identification and automatic rate adaptation, improving RFID network reliability and efficiency.
by Jue Wang.
Ph. D.
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Aydos, Thiago Franzen. "Sistema de monitoramento da manufatura baseado em RFID no âmbito da internet of things." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/171999.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Florianópolis, 2016.Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-27T03:11:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 342269.pdf: 2656182 bytes, checksum: 3e93e9f51d9c05fd4f5ea79f793671cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
O surgimento de novas tecnologias de comunicação sem fio possibilitou o fenômeno chamado Internet Of Things. A aplicação desse conceito no ambiente de manufatura proporciona novas oportunidades relacionadas à gestão de operações na melhoria de processos, conectando objetos e computadores de forma criativa. No contexto de melhorias nas operações de manufatura, os consagrados princípios da Manufatura Enxuta (Lean Manufacturing) passam a ser cada vez mais disseminados entre os gestores de operações, reduzindo desperdícios e oferecendo benefícios generalizados aos processos analisados. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um sistema de monitoramento de objetos com a tecnologia RFID, dispositivos sem fio (wireless) e plug and play, para auxiliar na coleta de dados um sistema de produção, fornecendo informações de tempo e de quantidades, facilitando a execução do balanceamento de carga, do atendimento ao takt time, da avaliação de capacidade e da identificação de desperdícios no processo. O sistema proposto compreende a definição dos requisitos de projeto, o desenvolvimento de um módulo leitor RFID, de um middleware, de um banco de dados e de um software aplicativo. O sistema foi composto por micro controladores Arduino, leitores RFID e módulos de transmissão de dados sem fio Zigbee, possibilitando operação com atualizações em tempo real e com mobilidade. Por fim, o sistema foi aplicado em duas empresas dos setores automotivo e de energia, a fim de atender diferentes demandas na gestão de operações. No setor automotivo, cinco pontos de leitura foram instalados em uma célula de fabricação de yokes e os resultados mostraram que o processo não estava apto a atender o takt time definido. No setor de energia, dois pontos de leitura foram usados para analisar horas improdutivas, que compreenderam 23,4% do tempo gasto. Também verificou-se uma redução de 60% de horas-homem em comparação com o previsto em orçamento da empresa.
Abstract : The appearance of new wireless communication technologies has enabled the Internet of Things phenomenon. The application of such concept in the manufacturing environment provides new opportunities related to the management of operations in improving processes, connecting objects to computers in a creative way. In the context of improving manufacturing operations, the longstanding Lean Manufacturing principles become increasingly disseminated among operation managers, reducing waste and providing significant benefits to the analyzed processes. Considering this scenario, this study aims to develop a monitoring system using RFID, wireless, and plug and play technologies in order to help data collection in a production system, providing information about time and quantities, enabling process waste identification, production according to takt time, activity balance, and production capacity assessment. The proposed system comprises the definition of design requirements and the development of a RFID reader, a middleware, a database, and a software. The system is composed by Arduino micro-controllers, RFID readers, and wireless Zigbee transmission modules, enabling operations with real-time updates and mobility. The system was applied in two companies from automotive and energy sectors, in order to answer different demands in operations management. In the company of the automotive sector, five reading points were installed in one cell that manufactures yokes, and the results show that the process is not able to reach the takt time. In the company of the energy sector, two reading points were used to analyze unproductive hours, which comprised 23.4% of the time spent. It was also verified a reduction of 60% in man-hours in comparison with what was predicted in the company's budget.
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Spadazzi, Gianluca. "Middleware per Internet of Things: Java Embedded come caso di studio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7865/.
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Grazie al progresso dell'elettronica, ai giorni nostri, è possibile costruire dispositivi elettronici molto piccoli, che col passare del tempo lo sono sempre più. Questo ci permette di poter imboccare nuove strade nel mondo dell'informatica, sfruttando proprio questo fatto. Le dimensioni ridotte dei dispositivi in commercio, come sensori, attuatori, tag e tanto altro, sono particolarmente adatte a nuovi scenari applicativi. Internet of Things è una visione in cui Internet viene esteso alle cose. Facendo largo uso di dispositivi come sensori e tag è possibile realizzare sistemi intelligenti che possono avere riscontri positivi nella vita di tutti i giorni. Tracciare la posizione degli oggetti, monitorare pazienti da remoto, rilevare dati sull'ambiente per realizzare sistemi automatici (ad esempio regolare automaticamente la luce o la temperatura di una stanza) sono solo alcuni esempi. Internet of Things è la naturale evoluzione di Internet, ed è destinato a cambiare radicalmente la nostra vita futura, poichè la tecnologia sarà sempre più parte integrante della nostra vita, aumentando sempre più il nostro benessere e riducendo sempre più il numero delle azioni quotidiane da compiere. Sempre più sono middleware, le piattaforme e i sistemi operativi che nascono per cercare di eliminare o ridurre le problematiche relative allo sviluppo di sistemi di questo genere, e lo scopo di questa tesi è proprio sottolinearne l'importanza e di analizzare gli aspetti che questi middleware devono affrontare. La tesi è strutturata in questo modo: nel capitolo uno verrà fatta una introduzione a Internet of Things, analizzando alcuni degli innumerevoli scenari applicativi che ne derivano, insieme però alle inevitabili problematiche di tipo tecnologico e sociale. Nel secondo capitolo verranno illustrate le tecnologie abilitanti di Internet of Things, grazie alle quali è possibile realizzare sistemi intelligenti. Nel terzo capitolo verranno analizzati gli aspetti relativi ai middleware, sottolineandone l'importanza e prestando attenzione alle funzioni che devono svolgere, il tutto riportando anche degli esempi di middleware esistenti. Nel quarto capitolo verrà approfondito il middleware Java Embedded di Oracle.
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Rostamian, Majed. "Localization and Proximity Detection in the Internet of Things Based on an Augmented UHF RFID System." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30701.
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In the "Internet of Things" (IoT), the things will be able to sense, communicate, and interact. They will also exchange data, information and knowledge, and locate themselves and other things that surround them. In order to be able to interact, the things need to recognize that they are in proximity of other things. It is anticipated that the most widespread components of the IoT will be passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags because they are inexpensive and provide automatic identification. However, passive RFID tags are not capable of performing complex operations, such as proximity detection and localization, which will be required in future networks. In this thesis, we describe existing problems with current RFID systems and survey potential solutions for localization and proximity detection. Then we present a new RFID device called "Sense-a-Tag" (ST) that can passively detect and decode backscattered signals from tags in its proximity. There have already been an attempt to use this device for tracking. However, detailed analysis of the performance of the ST especially for proximity detection has not been performed yet. We show that when STs are added to a standard RFID system, the problems of proximity detection and localization with RFID tags can readily be solved. Then we applied ST-based system for identifying people and object interactions. The potential uses of ST as an augmented device for IoT applications are discussed in this thesis. Advantages and limitations of an ST based RFID system have been investigated in details for each application.
Results obtained from real experiments illustrate that an ST-based RFID system is feasible for proximity detection applications. In addition, a special software is developed in C\# to process the data and run a localization algorithm based on proximity detection information. The same software has been used for tracking people's activity. Different scenarios have been considered in the experiments. We tried to consider majority of factors that might affect the accuracy in the experiments including: angle and distance between the reader/ST and tags, timing in sending queries, presence of human body, etc. The simulations based on real experiments and results illustrates that an ST-based RFID system can be a realistic solution for proximity detection and localization for Location Positioning systems (LPS) and activity monitoring in future IoT.
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Ciftler, Bekir Sait. "Wireless Positioning and Tracking for Internet of Things in GPS-denied Environments." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3377.
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Wireless positioning and tracking have long been a critical technology for various applications such as indoor/outdoor navigation, surveillance, tracking of assets and employees, and guided tours, among others. Proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the evolution of smart cities, and vulnerabilities of traditional localization technologies to cyber-attacks such as jamming and spoofing of GPS necessitate development of novel radio frequency (RF) localization and tracking technologies that are accurate, energy-efficient, robust, scalable, non-invasive and secure. The main challenges that are considered in this research work are obtaining fundamental limits of localization accuracy using received signal strength (RSS) information with directional antennas, and use of burst and intermittent measurements for localization. In this dissertation, we consider various RSS-based techniques that rely on existing wireless infrastructures to obtain location information of corresponding IoT devices. In the first approach, we present a detailed study on localization accuracy of UHF RF IDentification (RFID) systems considering realistic radiation pattern of directional antennas. Radiation patterns of antennas and antenna arrays may significantly affect RSS in wireless networks. The sensitivity of tag antennas and receiver antennas play a crucial role. In this research, we obtain the fundamental limits of localization accuracy considering radiation patterns and sensitivity of the antennas by deriving Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLBs) using estimation theory techniques. In the second approach, we consider a millimeter Wave (mmWave) system with linear antenna array using beamforming radiation patterns to localize user equipment in an indoor environment. In the third approach, we introduce a tracking and occupancy monitoring system that uses ambient, bursty, and intermittent WiFi probe requests radiated from mobile devices. Burst and intermittent signals are prominent characteristics of IoT devices; using these features, we propose a tracking technique that uses interacting multiple models (IMM) with Kalman filtering. Finally, we tackle the problem of indoor UAV navigation to a wireless source using its Rayleigh fading RSS measurements. We propose a UAV navigation technique based on Q-learning that is a model-free reinforcement learning technique to tackle the variation in the RSS caused by Rayleigh fading.
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Jedda, Ahmed. "Distributed Algorithms for Networks Formation in a Scalable Internet of Things." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30979.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a vision that aims at inter-connecting every physical identifiable object (or, a thing) via a global networking infrastructure (e.g., the legacy Internet). Several architectures are proposed to realize this vision; many of which agree that the IoT shall be considered as a global network of networks. These networks are used to manage wireless sensors, Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tags, RFID readers and other types of electronic devices and integrate them into the IoT. A major requirement of the IoT architectures is scalability, which is the capability of delivering high performance even if the input size (e.g., number of the IoT objects) is large. This thesis studies and proposes solutions to meet this requirement, and specifically focuses on the scalability issues found in the networks of the IoT. The thesis proposes several network formation algorithms to achieve these objectives, where a network formation algorithm is an algorithm that, if applied to a certain network, optimizes it to perform its tasks in a more efficient manner by virtually deleting some of its nodes and/or edges.
The thesis focuses on three types of networks found in the IoT: 1) RFID readers coverage networks; whose main task is to cover (i.e., identify, monitor, track, sense) IoT objects located in a given area, 2) readers inter-communications networks; whose main task is to guarantee that their nodes are able to inter-communicate with each other and hence use their resources more efficiently (the thesis specifically considers inter-communication networks of readers using Bluetooth for communications), and 3) Object Name Systems (ONS) which are networks of several inter-connected database servers (i.e., distributed database) whose main task is to resolve an object identifier into an Internet address to enable inter-communication via the Internet. These networks are chosen for several reasons. For example, the technologies and concepts found in these networks are among the major enablers of the IoT. Furthermore, these networks solve tasks that are central to any IoT architecture. Particularly, the thesis a) studies the data and readers redundancy problem found in RFID readers coverage networks and introduces decentralized RFID coverage and readers collisions avoidance algorithms to solve it, b) contributes to the problem of forming multihop inter-communications networks of Bluetooth-equipped readers by proposing decentralized time-efficient Bluetooth Scatternet Formation algorithms, and c) introduces a geographic-aware ONS architecture based on Peer-To-Peer (P2P) computing to overcome weaknesses found in existing ONS architectures.
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Ivana, Šenk. "Model za lokalizaciju proizvoda primenom tehnologija Interneta stvari." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100045&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U doktorskoj disertaciji razmatrana je mogućnost lokalizacije proizvoda primenom tehnologija Interneta stvari. Postavljen je model za lokalizaciju proizvoda koji primenjuje RFID tehnologiju i bežične senzorske mreže. U okviru modela, predložen je i realizovan hibridni metod za lokalizaciju proizvoda koji kombinuje podatke dobijene metodom najbližih suseda i metodom optimizacije rojem čestica, a zatim i hibridni metod za lokalizaciju proizvoda koji kombinuje podatke dobijene u RFID sistemu i u bežičnoj senzorskoj mreži. Mogućnosti primene predloženog modela su eksperimentalno ispitane u simuliranim sistemima i u laboratorijskoj okolini sa industrijskim elementima..This dissertation discusses the possibilities of product localization based on Internet of things technologies. A model for product localization has been proposed based on RFID technology and wireless sensor networks. Within the model, a hybrid localization method which combines outputs from nearest neighbours method and particle swarm optimization for product localization has been proposed and developed, followed by a hybrid localization method which combines data from RFID system and wireless sensor network. The application possibilities for the proposed model have been experimentally tested in simulated systems and in laboratory conditions with industrial elements.
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Käll, Nathalie, and Rebecca Fransson. "Internet of Things påverkan på informationsflödet : En fallstudie på Saab Training & Simulation." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41485.
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Syfte: Studien ämnar att studera hur Internet of Things skulle kunna integreras för att minska potentiella brister i informationsflödet hos tillverkande företag. För att möjliggöra detta formulerades två forskningsfrågor: Purpose: This study aims to explore how Internet of Things could be integrated in manufacturing companies to reduce the potential inadequacy in an information flow. To achieve this, two research questions were formed:
Method: A pilot study was conducted to help the authors create a picture of the study's problem area. Later a literature study and a case study were conducted. The literature study was conducted to create the theoretical framework and included areas such as Internet of Things, information, communication, information flow and information systems. The case study conducted at a large manufacturing company and was consisted document studies, observations and a focus group. The results of the study are generated through a pairing of the theoretical framework and empirical study.
Findings: The company's information flow was complex and contained a lot of manual management of information and communication. This turned out to create consequences for the information’s reliability, relevance, and timing. It has therefore been found that there are improvement opportunities through an integration of IOT in the information flow. A digitalization of an information flow can lead to creation of standard process and a larger and safer amount of shared information.
Implications: The study contributes theoretically by evaluating how IOT can contribute to innovative ways of working with information flows at manufacturing companies; this by analysing key aspects of a current information flow and IOT. Practically, the study contributes to identifying potential improvements by integrate IOT in a corporate information flow. Limitations: The study is of a one-case-design which limits generalisability. Therefore, other companies may need to examine their specific requirements before taking advantage of the study. The generalization increases slightly due to the broadness of the term IOT and that it can be applied in a wide range of areas. The method chapter has been carefully designed and described to increase the study's reliability.
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Tribowski, Christoph. "RFID-enabled cooperation in the supply chain." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16013.
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Radiofrequenz-Identifikation (RFID) ermöglicht eine automatische Erfassung von verschiedenen Objekten ohne Sichtkontakt und verspricht durch diese Eigenschaften eine maßgebliche Verbesserung der Effizienz in Wertschöpfungsketten. Die Verbreitung der RFID-Technologie hat in den letzten Jahren verstärkt zugenommen. Doch obwohl das größte Potenzial von RFID in unternehmensübergreifenden Anwendungen gesehen wird, konzentriert sich der heutige Einsatz meist auf innerbetriebliche Anwendungen oder Pilotprojekte. Als Gründe für dieses Phänomen werden hohe Investitions- und Betriebskosten sowie eine fehlende Standardisierung angeführt. Während unternehmensübergreifende Anwendungen die Notwendigkeit an Standards noch vergrößern, liegt in ihnen eine Chance zur Überwindung des Kostenproblems. Die Nutzung einer kollaborativen RFID-Anwendung und die Wiederverwendung eines RFID-Transponders auf verschiedenen Stufen der Wertschöpfungskette eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die Kosten für jeden einzelnen Teilnehmer durch eine Kostenaufteilung zwischen allen anderen zu reduzieren. Aus diesem Grund wird ein Modell zur Kosten-Nutzen-Aufteilung entwickelt, welches eine Kategorisierung von Kompensationsformen sowie zeitliche Abhängigkeiten in dem Lebenszyklus der Anwendung umfasst. Neben diesen organisatorischen Dimensionen bilden technische Dimensionen einen weiteren Schwerpunkt der Arbeit, da fehlende Standardisierung nach wie vor als ein Hindernis für eine größere Verbreitung betrachtet wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit löst diesbezüglich drei Probleme: (1) Die Generierung von RFID-Ereignissen benötigt nicht nur die Daten von RFID-Lesegeräten, sondern zusätzliche Kontextdaten; (2) das EPCglobal-Netzwerk stellt die technische Grundlage für das Internet der Dinge, aber beschreibt nicht die Anwendungen, die auf dessen Basis realisiert werden können; (3) und es besteht bislang kein standardisierter Ansatz um neben dem EPC weitere Daten auf dem RFID-Transponder zu speichern.Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which allows for the simultaneous identification of several objects without line of sight or human interaction, promises to significantly improve supply chain efficiency. The attention researchers and practitioners are giving it, as well as the spread of RFID technology, has increased substantially in the last few years. Although the highest potential to take advantage of this spread is expected to be realized in cross-company applications, the status quo in the RFID project landscape is dominated by local solutions within companies or pilot projects. Reasons for this phenomenon include high investment and operational costs as well as missing standards. While cross-company applications exacerbate the need for standards, they make it possible to overcome the cost problems. In the course of using a collaborative RFID application, it is possible to reduce the costs for the individual player by distributing them between a larger number of participants and repeatedly using the same tag across multiple supply chain steps. For this reason, a model for cost-benefit sharing – including different categories of compensation as well as temporal dependencies during the life cycle of an application – is developed. Apart from these organizational dimensions of cross-company RFID applications, the technical dimension has to be investigated because missing technical standards are still an obstacle for the wider adoption of RFID. Three remaining problems are solved in this thesis: (1) generating RFID events does not only require the data that is provided by the RFID readers, but also corresponding context data; (2) the EPCglobal network provides the technical basis for the Internet of Things, but not the applications that might profit from using this architecture; and (3) there is no standardized approach for storing user generated content besides the EPC on the RFID tags.
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Shen, Jue. "Interactive RFID for Industrial and Healthcare Applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell och Medicinsk Elektronik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174380.
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This thesis introduces the circuit and system design of interactive Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. IoT has the vision of connectivity for anything, at anytime and anywhere. One of the most important characteristics of IoT is the automatic and massive interaction of real physical world (things and human) with the virtual Internet world.RFID tags integrated with sensors have been considered as one suitable technology for realizing the interaction. However, while it is important to have RFID tags with sensors as the input interaction, it is also important to have RFID tags with displays as the output interaction.Display interfaces vary based on the information and application scenarios. On one side, remote and centralized display interface is more suitable for scenarios such as monitoring and localization. On the other side, tag level display interface is more suitable for scenarios such as object identification and online to offline propagation. For tag level display, though a substantial number of researches have focused on introducing sensing functionalities to low power Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) RFID tags, few works address UHF RFID tags with display interfaces. Power consumption and integration with display of rigid substrate are two main challenges.With the recent emerging of Electronic Paper Display (EPD) technologies, it becomes possible to overcome the two challenges. EPD resembles ordinary ink on paper by characteristics of substrate flexibility, pattern printability and material bi-stability. Average power consumption of display is significantly reduced due to bi-stability, the ability to hold color for certain periods without power supplies. Among different EPD types, Electrochromic (EC) display shows advantage of low driving voltage compatible to chip supply voltage.Therefore this thesis designs a low power UHF RFID tag integrated in 180 nm CMOS process with inkjet-printed EC polyimide display. For applications where refresh rate is ultra-low (such as electronic label in retailing and warehouse), the wireless display tag is passive and supplied by the energy harvested from UHF RF wave. For applications where refresh rate is not ultra-low (such as object identification label in mass customized manufacturing), the wireless display tag is semi-passive and supplied by soft battery. It works at low average power consumption and with out-of-battery alert. For remote and centralized display, the limitations of uplink (from tags to reader) capacity and massive-tag information feedback in IoT scenarios is the main challenge. Compared to conventional UHF RFID backscattering whose data rate is limited within hundreds of kb/s, Ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission have been verified with the performance of Mb/s data rate with several tens of pJ/pulse energy consumption.Therefore, a circuit prototype of UHF/UWB RFID tag replacing UHF backscattering with UWB transmitter is implemented. It also consists of Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes for healthcare applications of real-time remote monitoring of multiple patients ECG signals. The ECG electrodes are fabricated on paper substrate by inkjet printing to improve patient comfort. Key contribution of the thesis includes: 1) the power management scheme and circuit design of passive UHF/UWB RFID display tag. The tag sensitivity (the input RF power) is -10.5 dBm for EC display driving, comparable to the performance of conventional passive UHF RFID tags without display functions, and -18.5 dBm for UWB transmission, comparable to the state-of-the-art performance of passive UHF RFID tag. 2) communication flow and circuit design of UHF/UWB RFID tag with ECG sensing. The optimum system throughout is 400 tags/second with 1.5 KHz ECG sampling rate and 10 Mb/s UWB pulse rate.QC 20151012
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Botero, Oscar. "Heterogeneous RFID framework design, analysis and evaluation." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00714120.
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The Internet of Things paradigm establishes interaction and communication with a huge amount of actors. The concept is not a new-from-scratch one; actually, it combines a vast number of technologies and protocols and surely adaptations of pre-existing elements to offer new services and applications. One of the key technologies of the Internet of Things is the Radio Frequency Identification just abbreviated RFID. This technology proposes a set of solutions that allow tracking and tracing persons, animals and practically any item wirelessly. Considering the Internet of Things concept, multiple technologies need to be linked in order to provide interactions that lead to the implementation of services and applications. The challenge is that these technologies are not necessarily compatible and designed to work with other technologies. Within this context, the main objective of this thesis is to design a heterogeneous framework that will permit the interaction of diverse devices such as RFID, sensors and actuators in order to provide new applications and services. For this purpose in this work, our first contribution is the design and analysis of an integration architecture for heterogeneous devices. In the second contribution, we propose an evaluation model for RFID topologies and an optimization tool that assists in the RFID network planning process. Finally, in our last contribution, we implemented a simplified version of the framework by using embedded hardware and performance metrics are provided as well as the detailed configuration of the test platform
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Zou, Zhuo. "Impulse Radio UWB for the Internet-of-Things : A Study on UHF/UWB Hybrid Solution." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektroniksystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-59107.
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This dissertation investigates Ultra-Wideband (UWB) techniques for the next generation Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) towards the Internet-of-Things (IoT). In particular, an ultra-high frequency (UHF) wireless-powered UWB radio (UHF/UWB hybrid) with asymmetric links is explored from system architecture to circuit implementation. Context-aware, location-aware, and energy-aware computing for the IoT demands future micro-devices (e.g., RFID tags) with capabilities of sensing, processing, communication, and positioning, which can be integrated into everyday objects including paper documents, as well as food and pharmaceutical packages. To this end, reliable-operating and maintenance-free wireless networks with low-power and low-cost radio transceivers are essential. In this context, state-of-the-art passive RFID technologies provide limited data rate and positioning accuracy, whereas active radios suffer from high complexity and power-hungry transceivers. Impulse Radio UWB (IR-UWB) exhibits significant advantages that are expected to overcome these limitations. Wideband signals offer robust communications and high-precision positioning; duty-cycled operations allow link scalability; and baseband-like architecture facilitates extremely simple and low-power transmitters. However, the implementation of the IR-UWB receiver is still power-hungry and complex, and thus is unacceptable for self-powered or passive tags. To cope with μW level power budget in wireless-powered systems, this dissertation proposes an UHF/UWB hybrid radio architecture with asymmetric links. It combines the passive UHF RFID and the IR-UWB transmitter. In the downlink (reader-tag), the tag is powered and controlled by UHF signals as conventional passive UHF tags, whereas it uses an IR-UWB transmitter to send data for a short time at a high rate in the uplink (tag-reader). Such an innovative architecture takes advantage of UWB transmissions, while the tag avoids the complex UWB receiver by shifting the burden to the reader. A wireless-powered tag providing -18.5 dBm sensitivity UHF downlink and 10 Mb/s UWB uplink is implemented in 180 nm CMOS. At the reader side, a non-coherent energy detection IR-UWB receiver is designed to pair the tag. The receiver is featured by high energy-efficiency and flexibility that supports multi-mode operations. A novel synchronization scheme based on the energy offset is suggested. It allows fast synchronization between the reader and tags, without increasing the hardware complexity. Time-of-Arrival (TOA) estimation schemes are analyzed and developed for the reader, which enables tag localization. The receiver prototype is fabricated in 90 nm CMOS with 16.3 mW power consumption and -79 dBm sensitivity at 10 Mb/s data rate. The system concept is verified by the link measurement between the tag and the reader. Compared with current passive UHF RFID systems, the UHF/UWB hybrid solution provides an order of magnitude improvement in terms of the data rate and positioning accuracy brought by the IR-UWB uplink.QC 20120110
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TUNBERG, JACOB, and JONATAN BARRIEL. "The smart mailbox : The modern day mailbox." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279835.
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We often check our virtual mailbox several times a day but often forget to check our actual mailbox. This project aims to create a smart mailbox. This is defined as a mailbox that can notify the recipient that mail has been delivered and give access to the right person. The notification process is done by a barcode-scanner that scans incoming letters and identifies the recipient. An e-mail is then sent to them, notifying that a letter has arrived. A study on different types of barcodes has been done with the conclusion that Code-128 was the most appropriate to use for this project. The scanning accuracy of the mailbox was tested and it was found that a familiar user can correctly scan a letter in 90% of attempts. Giving access to the right person was done with radio frequency identification (RFID), using an RFID reader and RFID tags. The mailbox was programmed in such a way that scanning the authorized tag gave access to the contents of the box by unlocking and opening the lid. The final product is a proof of concept of a smart mailbox. Its purpose is to visualise and test our theories. The project also aims to prove the benefits of implementing more information into the standards of IMB (Intelligent mail barcode)Vi kollar ofta våran virtuella brevlåda flera gånger om dagen men glömmer ofta att kolla vår faktiska brevlåda hemma. Målet med det här projektet är att skapa en smart brevlåda. Denna definieras som en brevlåda som kan meddela mottagaren att ett brev har kommit och öppnas åt rätt person. Meddelande-processen sker genom att en streckkodsläsare skannar inkommande brev och identifierar mottagaren. Sedan skickas ett e-postmeddelande till dem, som meddelar att ett brev anlänt. En undersökning av olika typer av streckkoder har genomförts med slutsatsen att Code128 var den mest lämpliga att använda för detta projekt. Skanningsnoggrannheten av brevlådan testades och visade att en användare bekant med konceptet kunde skanna ett brev korrekt 90% av försöken. Att ge åtkomst till rätt person gjordes med Radio frequency identification (RFID), genom att använda en RFID-läsare och RFID-brickor. Brevlådan programmerades på det sättet att skannandet av den auktoriserade brickan gav tillgång till innehållet av lådan genom att låsa upp och öppna locket. Den slutgiltiga produkten är ett koncepttest av en smart brevlåda. Dess syfte är att visualisera och testa våra teorier. Det här projektet ämnar också att bevisa fördelarna med att implementera mer information i standarden för IMB (Intelligent mail barcode)
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Percudani, Pietro, and Mohamad Batrawi. "The Impact of Internet of Things unification with Project Management Disciplines in project-based organizations." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-145428.
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The greatest advantage of Information Technology (IT) is its ability in entitling personnel to achieve their goals. Allowing personnel to grasp knowledge and skills they weren’t aware of previously, rendering to a sense that it’s all about potential; as expressed by former CEO of Microsoft Steve Ballmer. Internet of Things (IoT) data, according to ORACLE (2017), provides insight from new data collected and provides solutions. Thus, allowing businesses to achieve new innovative services at a more efficient and productive manner while reducing the risk factors. Proving that the connections between the organisation and devices are securely connected, analysed, and integrated simultaneously with IoT data. Project Management (PM) the leading discipline in management that benefits enterprises through actual and operative management of change through its systematic approach of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring & controlling, Testing & Commissioning and finally Handing Over to the client the project; managing various types of projects with various drivers of change and uncertainty. (Sawyer, L. 2016). As significant as technology has become in our lives, this study aims in highlighting the importance of Internet of Things and the synergic implementation of Project Management disciplines in project-oriented organisations. It also explores the challenges, barriers, and benefits of IoT in synergy with PM disciplines. The paper also considered one of the most crucial elements of any organization or business, people, fixating on project managers and how the role of a project manager is affected in the innovative project oriented organizations.
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Nordlindh, Mattias, and Mikael Berg. "Implementing Internet of Things in the Swedish Railroad Sector : Evaluating Design Principles and Guidelines for E-Infrastructures." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-181536.
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The Swedish Transportation Administration started an initiative to create a new e-infrastructure for the railroad sector in Sweden. The purpose is to follow the movement of railroad vehicles on the railway tracks and enhance logistics aspects of the transportation of goods by train. The Swedish initiative works as a pilot project for the railroad sector in the EU and if successful the e-infrastructure could be rolled out in the entire EU. It is a rare opportunity to be a part from the beginning of the creation of such a potential large scale e-infrastructure. The aim of this thesis is to provide advice early in the development process to aid in the success of the design and creation on the e-infrastructure. In the doing of this we will need to evaluate the areas: (1) the current state of the e-infrastructure, (2) the usefulness of the EPCGlobal standard for this e-infrastructure and (3) the usefulness on established e-infrastructures design principles. As a result of the thesis we have provided advice to enhance the design and implementation of the e-infrastructure, also advice is given on how to make the EPCGlobal standard’s more compatibility with the transportation sector. We have found the design principles by Hanseth & Lyytinen (2004) and Eriksson & Ågerfalk (2010) useful for the evaluation of the e-infrastructure. We also advocate that new design principles should be created to encompass the new concept of Internet of Things in e-infrastructures.
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Sanches, Heverton Bacca. "Monitoramento da produção e da eficiência de processos de manufatura usando RFID e internet das coisas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157236.
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O conceito da Indústria 4.0 está relacionado à evolução dos sistemas produtivos através da interconexão e integração total entre tecnologias de automação industrial e tecnologia da informação visando a obtenção de maior eficiência, qualidade e produtividade. Nesse contexto, uma tendência recente no ambiente industrial tem sido a utilização conjunta da Identificação por Rádio Frequência (RFID) e a da Internet das Coisas (IoT) na busca da melhoria dos seus processos de manufatura. O principal desafio é promover a integração entre essas tecnologias, de forma que os dados estejam disponíveis sob demanda e em tempo hábil para que as melhores decisões de produção sejam alcançadas. Este trabalho utilizou o RFID e a IoT para o desenvolvimento de uma solução para o monitoramento da produção e da eficiência de um sistema de manufatura flexível (FMS). O desenvolvimento do projeto consistiu em três etapas: aquisição dos dados RFID, processamento para obtenção dos parâmetros de produção e eficiência requeridos e disponibilização em nuvem para a IoT. Etiquetas RFID alocadas nas peças e nos pallets de movimentação permitiram o monitoramento da produção por meio da medição dos tempos de produção e transporte de cada peça produzida no FMS. O cálculo do indicador OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), através dos índices de Performance, Qualidade e Disponibilidade, permitiu o monitoramento da eficiência das estações de trabalho e do FMS. A disponibilização dos dados da aplicação em nuvem de forma padronizada e acessível a outros sistemas foi realizada através da IoT, com a utilização do ScadaBR usando comunicação via serviço web SOAP. Experimentos foram realizados com a produção de peças diferentes (branca, vermelha e preta) e com quantidade de pallets diferentes. Análises estatísticas dos resultados de tempos de produção e de transporte permitiram quantificar erros ou anormalidades na operação do FMS. Resultados relativos ao indicador OEE permitiram o monitoramento e melhoria da eficiência do processo de manufatura.
The Industry 4.0 concept is related to the evolution of production systems through the interconnection and integration between industrial automation and information technology in order to obtain greater efficiency, quality and productivity. In this context, a recent trend in the industrial environment has been the joint use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Internet of Things (IoT) seeking for improvement in their manufacturing processes. The main challenge is to promote the integration between these technologies, so that the data is available on demand and in real time so that the best production decisions are achieved. This work used the RFID and IoT for the development of a solution for the monitoring of the production and the efficiency of a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). The development of the project consisted of three steps: acquisition of RFID data, processing to obtain the required production and efficiency parameters and availability of this data in the Cloud for the IoT. RFID tags allocated in the parts and conveyor pallets allowed production monitoring by measuring the production and transport times of each produced part in the FMS. The calculation of the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) indicator, through Performance, Quality and Availability indexes, enabled the monitoring of the efficiency of workstations and the FMS. The real-time availability of application data in the cloud in a standardized and accessible form to other systems was performed by IoT with the use of ScadaBR via web service SOAP communication. Experiments were carried out with the production of different parts (white, red and black) and number of pallets. Statistical analysis of the production and transport times allowed to quantify errors or anomalies in the operation of the FMS. Results for the OEE allowed monitoring and improving the efficiency of the manufacturing process.
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Karakurt, Altug. "Quick Discovery of Mobile Devices: Carrier Sensing or Simultaneous Detection." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524147310459467.
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Bamdé, Aurélien. "Essai d'une théorie sur l'architecture normative du réseau Internet." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020036.
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Complexe : tel est l’adjectif qui, sans aucun doute, résume le mieux la question de l’architecture normative du réseau internet. Complexe, cette question l’est pour deux raisons. La première tient à l’identification des normes qui constituent cette architecture ; la seconde tient à leur objet. Tout d’abord, s’agissant de l’identification de normes, cette entreprise s’avère éminemment complexe dans la mesure où voilà un concept, la norme, qui renvoie à des réalités si différentes, qu’il est peu aisé de le définir. Après avoir établi l’existence de normes qui règlent la conduite des bâtisseurs du réseau, il faudra, en outre, s’interroger sur la nature de ces normes. Là encore, cette problématique n’est pas aussi facile à résoudre qu’il y paraît. Il n’existe, en effet, aucun critère de distinction entre les différentes espèces de normes qui fasse l’unanimité chez les auteurs. Concernant, ensuite, la seconde raison pour laquelle la question de l’architecture normative de l’internet est placée sous le signe de la complexité, c’est vers l’objet des normes qui la composent qu’il conviendra de se tourner : l’organisation de la société numérique. Il s’agit là, d’un système complexe. Si l’on adhère à cette idée, il doit corrélativement être admis que le schéma auquel répondent les normes par l’entremise desquelles le contrôle de pareil système est effectué, est très différent de celui dans lequel s’inscrivent les normes qui nous sont les plus familières : les règles juridiques. Alors que la genèse des premières est sous-tendue par un mécanisme d’auto-organisation, la création des secondes procède d’un acte de volonté. La différence entre les deux schémas est de taille : dans un cas, c’est la spontanéité qui commande la production des règles de conduite, dans l’autre c’est la raison. Dans l’univers numérique, l’opposition entre ces deux schémas normatifs se retrouve : elle se traduit par la concurrence qui existe entre les ordres numériques et juridiques. Aussi, est-ce à travers cette concurrence à laquelle se livrent ces deux systèmes normatifs que sera décrite l’architecture normative du réseau internetComplex is undoubtedly the adjective that best summarises the issue of the normative architecture of the Internet network. This issue is complex for two reasons. The first one results from the identification of the rules that make up this architecture and the second one from their purpose. First of all, the identification of the rules proves to be an extremely complex matter, since this concept of the rule is not so easy to define, as it refers to such a wide range of realities. After establishing the existence of the rules which set the behaviour of network builders, it is necessary to raise the question of the the nature of the rules. Here again, solving this issue is not as easy as it seems. In fact, in literature there is no universal way to distinguish the various types of rules. Secondly, the rules that compose the normative architecture of the internet aim at organising the digital society. Yet, this is a complex system. If one accepts the idea, one has to correlatively claim that the rule-complying scheme that enables such a system to be controlled is very different from that which rules more common rules for us, such as the rules of law. While the former is underpinned by a self organising mechanism, the creation of the latter stems from an act of willing. The difference between both schemes is significant: in the first case spontaneity controls the setting up of rules of conduct, while in the second case reason does. The opposition between these two normative schemes can be found in the digital universe too. It is conveyed by the existing competition between the digital and the legal orders. That is why the normative architecture of the Internet network will be described through the competition between these two normative systems
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Campos, Leonardo Barreto. "Uma arquitetura baseada em internet das coisas para rastreabilidade da cadeia de suprimentos do vinho." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-14122018-092719/.
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A próxima geração da Internet aponta para um cenário onde trilhões de pessoas e objetos estarão interconectados e acessíveis a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar. Um dos pilares desta nova geração é o paradigma conhecido como Internet das Coisas, que tem atraído pesquisas em diferentes domínios, entre eles, saúde, indústria, logística, cidades inteligentes, casas inteligentes e agronegócio. No contexto do agronegócio, a Internet das Coisas tem avançado em aplicações de rastreabilidade das cadeias de suprimentos com produtos de alto valor agregado, por exemplo, a cadeia do vinho. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento de aplicações para rastreabilidade dessa cadeia não está suportado por uma arquitetura baseada em Internet das Coisas. Além disso, os sistemas de rastreabilidade das cadeias de suprimentos atuais não contemplam amplamente o paradigma da Internet das Coisas em sua premissa de interconexão entre os agentes da cadeia. Dessa forma, esta tese propõe uma arquitetura em camadas baseada no paradigma de Internet das Coisas para rastreabilidade da cadeia de suprimentos do vinho. Para isso foi realizado o levantamento de requisitos, a identificação dos interessados no sistema (stakeholders) suas preocupações, identificação dos atributos de qualidade e a relevância de cada um deles. De posse de uma arquitetura candidata foi implementado um sistema em um caso real para refinamento dos componentes da arquitetura. A avaliação da arquitetura proposta em diferentes parâmetros mostra sua adequação tanto ao paradigma de Internet das Coisas quanto às necessidades dos stakeholders da cadeia de suprimentos do vinho. Dessa forma é possível afirmar que os sistemas implementados a partir da arquitetura proposta tendem a ser escaláveis, seguros, adaptativos, disponíveis e que suportam a interconexão entre os agentes da cadeia de suprimentos, desde a produção do vinho até o seu descarte.The next-generation Internet points to a scenario where trillions of objects and people are interconnected and accessible anytime and anywhere. One of the pillars of this new generation is the paradigm known as Internet of Things. This paradigm has attracted research in different domains, including, health, industry, logistics, smart cities, smart homes and agribusiness. In the context of agribusiness, the Internet of Things has advanced in applications of traceability of supply chains with products of high added value, for example, the wine chain. However, the development of applications for traceability in the wine supply chain is not supported by an architecture Internet of Things-based. In addition, current supply chain traceability systems do not broadly address the Internet of Things paradigm in its premise of interconnection among chain agents. Thus, this thesis proposes a layered architecture based on the Internet of Things paradigm for traceability of the wine supply chain. To do this, requirements were surveyed, the identification of the stakeholders in the system their concerns, identification of quality attributes and the relevance of each one of them. A candidate system was implemented in a real case for the refinement of architectural components. The evaluation of the architecture proposed in different parameters shows its adequacy both to the Internet paradigm of Things and to the needs of the stakeholders of the wine supply chain. In this way it is possible to affirm that the systems implemented from the proposed architecture are scalable, secure, adaptive, available and that support the interconnection between the agents of the supply chain, from its wine production to its disposal.
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Parada, Medina Raúl. "RFID based people-object interaction detection." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/381250.
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The Internet of Things (IOT) technologies introduced the “things” entity to interact with computers and people, being a key factor to enhance services in the Smart City context. An example of IoT technology is radio-frequency identification (RFID) which provides identification and communication capabilities to simple objects. Based on the utilization of RFID, our goal is to enable context-aware scenarios providing further information on the people-object interaction in the environment. Our contributions are focused on hardware infrastructure and intelligent systems applied to the IoT. Specifically, we propose the design and implementation of low-cost antennas providing the context-aware hardware infrastructure, and empirical methods to detect people-object interactions for the following applications: user interest, loss prevention system and direction of pass. Finally, we evaluate part of the contributions of this dissertation in real retail environments. We believe this dissertation may contribute towards improving the state-of-the-art in IoT and Smart City technologies.La Internet de les coses (IoT) va introduir l’element “coses” per interactuar amb ordinadors i persones sent un factor clau per millorar serveis en el context de ciutat intel•ligent. Un exemple de tecnologia IoT és la identificació per radiofreqüència (RFID) la qual proporciona propietats d’identificació i comunicació d’objectes simples. Basat en la utilització de RFID, el nostre objectiu és permetre als escenaris sensibles al context de proveir d’informació addicional en la interacció persona-objecte en entorns. Les nostres contribucions estan centrades en la infraestructura de maquinari i sistemes intel•ligents aplicats en la IoT. Específicament, proposem el disseny i implementació d’antenes econòmiques proporcionant la infraestructura de maquinari, i mètodes empírics per detectar les interaccions persona-objecte per les següents aplicacions: interest d’usuaris, sistema en prevenció de pèrdues i direcció de pas. Finalment, avaluem part de les contribucions d’aquesta dissertació en botigues. Creiem que aquesta dissertació pot contribuir a la millora de l’estat de l’art en IoT i tecnologies de ciutat intel•ligent.
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Khalid, Ahmad. "A secure localization framework of RAIN RFID objects for ambient assisted living." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19518/1/KHALID_Ahmad.pdf.
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Internet of things (IoT) is currently on our doorsteps. Numerous domains have beneted from this technology. It ranges from a simple application such as identifying an object up to handling a more complex system. The Radio Frequency IDentication (RFID) is one of the enabling technologies that drive the IoT to its position today. It is small, cheap and does not require any additional power sources. Along with its ubiquitous functionality, this technology enables the positioning of an object within a specic area. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) is one of the many domains that benet from the IoT. It aims at assisting elderly people in their daily routines by providing new assistive services in smart homes for instance. RFIDs in a smart home come as a great help to an elderly person, for example, to nd an object that they misplaced. However, even with all its benets in simplifying our lives, it is unfortunately double-edged where the advantage that it brings to an object could in turn go against itself. Indeed to be able to help the older adults to locate an object, the system requires certain data in relation to the positioning of the object and its identication. As the passive RFID tag coverage is very small, once its presence is detected, it is dicult to hide it. The ability of this technology in localizing objects gives an opportunity to a third person to take an advantage of the system. In parallel with the persistent and constant need of privacy and secrecy by the users, the objective of this thesis consists of improving the privacy in localizing an object through a new protocol based on the latest version of the RFID second generation passive tag. The proposed protocol must be able to prevent an object from being identied and located by unauthorized parties or a malicious reader. The rst contribution of this work is the assessment of the RFID anti collision management. It is performed through the creation of an OMNET++ framework, modelled and built based on the latest RFID standard developed by GS1 and incorporated by ISO/IEC called Gen2V2 (RFID class 2 Generation 2 Version 2). It is a passive RFID tag that does not require any internal power sources to operate. It communicates using the UHF frequency. The Gen2V2 standard provides a list of cryptographical suites that can be used as a method to authenticate a tag and a reader. This new generation of tags is supported by an alliance of manufacturers called RAIN (RAdio frequency IdenticatioN) that promotes the adoption of the Gen2V2. The anti collision management overall performance is then compared with its theoretical value and four of its cryptographical suites namely PRESENT80, XOR, AES128 and cryptoGPS. Among the performances evaluated within the framework is the number of collisions and the duration required to interrogate a group of tags. Note that an addition of a localization functionality within the framework reveals that exchanged messages through wireless channel prior to the authentication can lead to a malicious localization of an object. To increase the localization privacy within AAL application, we propose therefore a second contribution which is a new localization method that is based on the current Gen2V2 standard exchanges by anonymizing the tag identity.
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Cocomazzi, Roberto. "Una Rassegna delle Tecnologie e dei Protocolli Abilitanti l'Internet of Things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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La crescente presenza di dispositivi capaci di comunicare, con l'enorme sviluppo di Internet e delle tecnologie mobili ha permesso la concretizzazione dell'Internet of Things.
In questo sistema, dispositivi di ogni genere cooperano per creare sistemi autonomi capaci di realizzare operazioni specifiche negli ambiti per le quali sono stati progettati, dal monitoraggio della salute al controllo dei sistemi cittadini, con l'obiettivo finale
di migliorare la qualità della vita dell'uomo.
Questo lavoro di tesi si pone di descrivere le tecnologie e i protocolli che rendono possibile il funzionamento dell'IoT.
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Engberg, Patricia. "Explorativ studie av faktorer som påverkar framgångsrik utveckling och användning av Internet of Things-enheter : En kvalitativ intervjustudie fokuserad på informationssäkerhet och personlig integritet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-62824.
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Året är 2017 och den ökande användningen av enheter som är kopplade mot internet har exploderat okontrollerat. Enheter modifieras i en snabb takt för att kunna kopplas samman med syftet att få en mer effektivare vardag, i folkmun häftigare enheter och framförallt för att generera en ökad försäljning av dessa produkter. Kommunikationsverktygen kopplas samman och därmed samlas en stor mängd data på enskilda enheter som kan bli sårbara i form av övervakning, intrång och övertagande för syften som innehavaren kan vara helt omedveten om. Om individens enhet är medverkande i scenariot att stänga ned servern som håller en samhällstjänst uppe under en tidpunkt av en allvarlig fysisk attack mot Sverige: Vem bär i så fall skulden? Detta kallas överbelastningsattack och är en av många potentiella sårbarheter i dagens samhälle. Internet of Things är ett nytt fenomen som är relativt outforskat med många öppna och obesvarade frågor. Forskningen ligger otvivelaktigt steget efter. Det gemensamma i forskningsartiklarna är slutsatsen: vi ska forskare vidare inom detta område. Alarmerande eftersom enheterna redan är närvarande i vardagen. Informationssäkerheten och individens personliga integritet är vad som står på spel, och frågan är vad individerna är villiga att offra för att ha de senaste produkterna. Metoden och genomförandet av denna kandidatuppsats har bestått av det explorativa tillvägagångssättet. En litteraturstudie av forskningsartiklar och personliga intervjuer har genomförts med relevanta individer inom området. Denna kandidatuppsats kommer inte att ge facit på vad som bör göras härnäst. Målet är att upplysa om olika problemställningar avseende fenomenet Internet of Things. I uppsatsen ligger fokuseringen på att generera en beskrivning av hur informationssäkerhet och personlig integritet kan påverka skapande och användandet av enheter som är uppkopplade mot Internet of Things. Syftet med denna explorativa studie är att identifiera och beskriva faktorer som bidrar med ett framgångsrikt skapande och användande av Internet of Things enheter med fokusering på informationssäkerhet och personlig integritet. Slutsatserna är att faktorer som påverkar är bekräftelse av identitet, standarder, otillgänglig åtkomst samt användarkontroll.
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Engström, Roxendal Patrick, and Sara Westlund. "Increasing transparency in the supply chain with blockchain technology : A case study of small and medium sized South African wine producers." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74506.
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The world is facing new challenges caused by global warming and is puttingpressure on governments, companies and the civil society to act fast. Like all industries, the wine industry is affected by climate change and wine producers are simultaneously struggling to stay viable while competing on a global market. To become sustainable, transparency is needed in the supply chain so that stakeholders and consumers can influence it. In this study, blockchain technology is investigated as a possible technology that can increase sustainability, transparency and over-all efficiency in the supply chain. The study is a case study and takes place in South Africa. The study takes the perspective of small and medium sized enterprises because they are a big part of the market and has not been researched in this area. Empirical data was collected through interviews, observations and secondary data and it was analyzed through thematic analysis. The results show that there is a lot of administrative work in the industry where compliance and certifications take a lot of time and effort. The smaller wineries, that often want to focus on making good wine, have a harder time with the administrative work since the same person might have several roles or functions in the business. The current traceability system is also one of the best in the world but is largely paper based. In the discussion it is shown that the industry has some elements that would be good for a blockchain system but the smaller producers would probably not dare to invest in such a system since they need improvements in quality or efficiency to stay viable and the technology required is expensive. The thesis concludes that the industry has some structures in place that would be a good base for a blockchain system. This could add an extra level of security and trust to the system. The implementation for the small-scale producers seems far away since the technological requirements are expensive.De rådande klimatförändringarna ställer nya krav på företag att ta ansvar för sina utsläpp och miljöpåverkningar. Därför blir det allt mer vanligt för företag att medvetet öka hållbarheten i sina värdekedjor eftersom det också blir allt viktigare för stakeholders och konsumenter. För att kunna sätta press på företag krävs dock transparens och med komplexa värdekedjor kan detta vara svårt att skapa. Därför krävs nya teknologier som kan hjälpa företag att öka transparens, effektivitet och integritet. Blockchain-teknologi är en relativt ny teknologi som med sina decentraliserade egenskaper har potential att användas i värdekedjan för att öka hållbarhet och transparens. Denna studie undersöker just det genom en fältstudie i den Sydafrikanska vinindustrin. Det är in riktadpå främst små- och medelstora företag och inkluderar också industriorganisationer för att bidra med en holistisk bild av värdekedjan för vin. Genom intervjuer, observationer och sekundärdata samlades empirisk data in och analyserades med tematisk data-analys. Resultaten visade att små-och medelstora vinproducenter fäktas med mycket administrativt arbete och har svårt att vara ekonomiskt hållbara på en global marknad. Spårbarheten i Sydafrika fungerar utmärkt och därför finns det redan viss infrastruktur på plats i landet som skulle kunna vara en grund till att utveckla ett blockchain-baserat system för att öka säkerheten, transparensen och minska administrativa kostnader för de mindre företagen. Ifall ett blockchain-system skulle implementeras skulle det troligtvis inte drivas av de små företagen även fast de hade gynnats mest, utan av större företag med finansiell kapacitet.
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Manekiya, Mohammedhusen Hanifbhai. "Microwave and RF system for Industrial and Biomedical Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/306624.
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Modern smartphone technology has created a myriad of opportunities in the field of RF and Microwave. Specifically, Chipless RFID sensor, compact microwave filter, antenna based on a microstrip structure, and many more. In this thesis, innovative ideas for the industrial and biomedical device has been explored. The work presents the reconfigurable filter design, Switch-beam antenna, Microwave interferometer, X-band Rotman Lens antenna, Ultra-wideband antenna based on SIW resonator, L-band Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave antenna, development of a wireless sensor system for environmental monitoring, Indoor Air Quality monitoring, and Wildfire Monitoring based on the modulated scattering technique (MST). The MST sensor probes are based on the scattering properties of small passive antennas and radiate part of the impinging electromagnetic field generated by an interrogating antenna, which also acquires the backscattered signal as information. The MST probes are able to deliver data without a radio frequency front end. They use a simple circuit that alternatively terminates the antenna probe on suitable loads to generate a low modulation signal on the backscattered electromagnetic wave. The antenna presented in this work has been designed in ADS Software by Keysight Technologies. The designed antenna has been assessed numerically and experimentally. The experimental measurement data demonstrate the effectiveness of the individual system. Simultaneously, the MST sensor system has been proposed to obtain the best performance in communication range, load efficiency, and power harvesting. The MST sensor has been fabricated and assessed in practical scenarios. The proposed prototype, able to provide a communication range of about 15 m, serves as a proof-of-concept.
The acquired measurements of MST demonstrate the accuracy of the data without radio frequency front end or bulky wired connection with the same efficiency of standard wireless sensors such as radio frequency identifier (RFID) or wireless sensor networks (WSN).
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Michelon, Dino. "UHF energy harvester in CMOS technology." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4322.
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Un des défis majeurs de l’Internet des Objets et, plus généralement, des tous les réseaux de capteurs sans fils, c’est l’alimentation de chaque nœud connecté. La solution la plus commune est d’équiper chaque dispositif d’une batterie mais cela introduit plusieurs contraintes, qui mettent en question la faisabilité de cette approche sur le long terme (durée de vie limité, couts de gestion élevé, empreinte écologique).Cette thèse développe une possible solution basée sur la transmission sans-fils de l’énergie. Un récupérateur d’énergie RF, composé d’une antenne, un redresseur haute-fréquence et un convertisseur élévateur, est présenté. Ce système permet de récupérer les ondes électromagnétiques et de produire une tension continue en sortie, qui peut être utilisé pour alimenter des microcontrôleurs ou des capteurs. L’absence d’une batterie interne augmente la flexibilité globale, surtout pour les situations où le remplacement n’est pas possible (ex. dispositifs implantés, nombre élevé de nœuds, milieux dangereux). Une étude approfondie sur les redresseur intégrés ultra-haute-fréquence de type Schottky et MOS a été mené ; plusieurs topologies ont été analysées et optimisées. De plus, l’utilisation d’un convertisseur élévateur a été envisagée, dans le but d’accroitre la tension en sortie ; une première version discrète et puis une plus compacte version intégrée, ont été abordées et testées. Ces développements ont permis d’aboutir à un récupérateur complet, potentiellement capable d’alimenter un microcontrôleur du commerceOne of the challenges of the Internet of Things and, more in general, of every wireless sensor network is to provide electrical power to every single one of its smart nodes. A typical solution uses batteries but various major concerns reduce the long-term feasibility of this approach (limited lifetime, maintenance and replacement costs, and environmental footprint).This thesis develops a possible solution based on the wireless transmission of power. A complete RF harvester composed of an antenna, a UHF rectifier and a step-up voltage converter is presented. This system captures electromagnetic waves and converts them to a stable DC voltage to supply power to common logic circuits like microcontrollers and sensors. The lack of an internal battery provides an extended flexibility, especially when its replacement is not a viable option (ex. implanted devices, large number of nodes, dangerous environments, etc.). An in-depth study of integrated Schottky and CMOS UHF rectifiers is carried out; various topologies and optimizations are analyzed. Moreover, the use of an additional step-up converter is proposed in order to increase the system output voltage; an early discrete implementation and a final, more compact, integrated version are discussed and tested. These developments lead to a complete system capable of potentially powering an application with an off-the-shelf microcontroller
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Akinola, Paul. "Design and Implementation of an IoT Solution for Vehicle Access Control in Residential Environment." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97047.
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To overcome the hurdles associated with space management and security controls in a housing system, research was projected to study and analyze the necessary factors of accomplishment. Over time, different processes were observed and reviewed to make this a possible deal. Various residents were interviewed on the daily constraints in parking and managing their vehicles within their housing premises. The reported daunting concern was majorly the gate access and personal hunts for the space to keep the individual resident’s cars. Every resident would always have to stop and hoot at the housing gate for the assigned personnel to check and open the gate. While this would waste every resident’s time, the visitors even face more delay often time. Hitherto, car access and parking constraint become a thing of worry that no one would want to engage the housing service anymore. The interest has got dwindled. And to re-awaken the high patronage of the housing system, a gap must be bridged with an immediate solution to space management with a gating system. These were subsequently given a classical thought, while a prototype solution was demonstrated and reviewed with the various residents of some selected housing. This received a high welcoming embracement and was beckoned to be made real by the logical heuristic. At this point, nothing was further considered than using the Internet of things (IoT) technology to implement Vehicular Access Management for the control and integration of intended space provisioning in any housings. Consequently, the number plate of every vehicle becomes the automatic access tag and would be used for security control within the housing location. Vehicles’ numbers would be captured and used to manage the residents passing through the automated gating system. With it, records would be made for all permitted residents and the visitors that own a car. Thus, a proper arrangement would be allotted accordingly, as provisioned by the gating system administrator. However, to allegories the above-proffered solution, this project work is divided into six sections. The introductory section introduces the project rationale, lists the objectives, explores related works, and introduces how IoT and vehicular systems can be merged. The second section delves into these vehicular systems. It introduces the Automatic License Plate Recognition System (ALRP) and the Raspberry Pi and highlights the merits of the Integrated Vehicular Access Security System. Open-CV and machine learning are also introduced. Section three covers the solution design, while section four is the implementation phase. Section five covers the testing and implementation of the solution. The final section summarizes the project. The project successfully models an automated solution for the security of tenants and vehicle users against unauthorized access to residential estates and buildings.
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Thorsell, Johan, and Adam Larsson. "Kartläggning och effektivisering av den interna materialförsörjningskedjan : - en fallstudie hos LKAB." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63847.
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Det blir allt viktigare med en väl fungerande flödeskedja som kan hantera material och tjänster på ett så effektivt sätt som möjligt. Studier visar på att det är flödeskedjorna som konkurrerar med varandra och inte företagen, vilket medför att kedjorna behöver vara konkurrenskraftiga. Detta sker genom att de aktiviteter som flödeskedjan består av integreras med varandra för att minimera slöseri av värdefulla resurser. Den tekniska utvecklingen har möjliggjort effektiv integrering med hjälp av automatisering. Implementering och införande av automatisering i flödeskedjan ökar möjligheten till att integrera olika aktiviteter inom kedjan då det bland annat möjliggör datainsamling av information som kan delas och spridas genom hela flödeskedjan. Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga och analysera flödeskedjan för materialförsörjning hos fallföretaget LKAB, för att sedan utreda huruvida de med hjälp av automatisering och utveckling av de processer som kedjan består av kan förbättra sin produktivitet. Studien fokuserar på processerna i materialförsörjningen ända från den hubbverksamhet som i dagsläget används, hela vägen till de interna slutkunderna, vilket är de anställda på LKAB. Målet med studien är att leverera konkreta förslag som är väl anpassade efter företagets miljö och som fokuserar på de interna slutkunderna. Utifrån den nulägesbild som togs fram med hjälp av intervjuer, observationer och genomgångar, tillsammans med den genomförda litteraturstudien, analyserades de olika processerna i flödeskedjan. Genom analysen framgick det bland annat att det arbete som utförs vid hubbverksamheten inte är integrerat med resterande delar av flödeskedjan. Utöver detta framgick det att det nuvarande arbetssättet vid centralförrådet och framförallt godsmottagningen involverar mycket manuellt men nödvändigt arbete. Litteraturstudien användes sedan för att utvärdera och identifiera tänkbara lösningar för att effektivisera dessa processer för att uppnå ökad produktivitet i flödeskedjan. Via studien framgick det att automatisering leder till ökad produktivitet genom bland annat avlastning av manuellt arbete, ökad arbetsproduktivitet och minskade ledtider. Utifrån detta studerades och analyserades tre olika automatiseringslösningar, streckkod-, RFID-, och IoT-lösningar. Resultatet visade på att de tre olika lösningarna har olika fördelar och utmaningar kopplade till en implementering hos fallföretaget. Av de tre lösningarna anses streckkoder vara minst fördelaktig men också medföra minst utmaningar, medan RFID och IoT är mer fördelaktiga men också är kopplade till större utmaningar. Rekommendationerna till LKAB är att optimera det befintliga arbetet med cross-docking som i nuläget utförs vid hubbverksamheten. Detta genom att utveckla uppdelningen av gods för att minska dubbelhantering av gods i flödeskedjan. Fallföretaget rekommenderas även att implementera RFID-, och IoT-märkning av gods, för att minimera den manuella hanteringen, öka spårbarheten och öka flexibiliteten. En implementering av dessa rekommendationer skapar möjlighet till att delar av det inkommande godset inte längre behöver hanteras i centralförrådet. Detta gäller för det gods som ska levereras direkt till de interna slutkunderna och därmed inte lagerläggas.The importance of a well-functioning supply chain that can handle materials and services in the most efficient way possible is increasing. According to several studies it is the supply chains that compete with each other rather than the companies themselves, which implies requirements for competitive chains. This can be done by integrating the activities in the supply chain with each other, in order to minimize waste of valuable resources. The development of technology has enabled effective integration through automation. Implementation of automation in the supply chain increases the ability to integrate different activities within the chain, as it, among other things, enables data collection of information that can be shared and spread throughout the entire supply chain. The purpose of this study is to map and analyze the material supply chain at LKAB, followed by investigating whether, through automation and development of the consisting processes of the supply chain, they can improve their productivity. The study focuses on all the activities in the material supply chain, from the hub that is currently in use, to the internal end customer, which are the employees at LKAB. The purpose of the study is to develop concrete proposals that are well adapted to the company's environment and with focus on the internal end customers. Based on the image of the current situation, developed using interviews, observations and reviews, along with the conducted literature study, the different activities of the supply chain were analyzed. Through the analysis it was noted, among other things, that the work performed in the hub is not integrated with the remaining parts of the supply chain. In addition to this, it was found that the current procedure of work at the central warehouse, and especially the goods reception, involves a lot of manual but necessary work. The literature study was then used to evaluate and identify possible solutions to streamline these processes in order to achieve increased productivity in the supply chain. Through the study, it was found that automation leads to an increase in productivity though, among other things, relieving of manual work, increased labor productivity and reduced lead times. Based on this, three different automation solutions, barcode, RFID and IoT solutions were studied and analyzed. The results from this showed that the three different solutions have different advantages and challenges linked to an implementation at the case company. Out of the three solutions, barcodes are considered to be the least advantageous but it also involves the least amount of challenges, while RFID and IoT are more beneficial but in turn are connected to greater challenges. The recommendations to LKAB are firstly to optimize the already existing work with cross docking performed at the hub. This by developing the division of goods to reduce the dual processing of goods in the supply chain. The second recommendation to the case company is to implement RFID, and IoT marking of goods, to minimize manual handling, increase traceability, and increase flexibility. An implementation of these recommendations will also enable some parts of the incoming goods to no longer require being handled in the central warehouse. These parts include the goods that are to be delivered directly to the internal end customer and thus not being stored.
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Nanto, Darack B. "THE ECO-SMART CAN V2.0." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/39.
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I noticed that the workers had the same itinerary when emptying trashcans, meanwhile trashcans needed urgently to be emptied. Traditionally, ETSU maintenance operate on daily routes to pick trash on designated time, regardless the level of the containers. This leads to overflown trashcan in busy areas or during rush hours in certain areas. This overflown trashcan result in an unclean environment for the community and an unpleasant look of our beautiful campus. The time, resources and labor invested in collecting the trash could be saved. Therefore, I decided to use the Internet of Things (IoT) to create a device that will optimize trash collection, to reduce costs and pollution. The Eco-Smart Can will contain a renewable source of energy such as the solar panel. Furthermore, it will have a compactor as well to decrease the trash volume. The system in the Eco-Smart can will give prior information of the trash level to maintenance facility so that they can empty the trash in a timely manner and preserve the environment.
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Olsson, Joel, and Junior Asante. "Using Node-Red to Connect Patient, Staff and Medical Equipment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för systemteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129781.
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The emergency departments in Region Östergötland use pen and paper to a large extent when recording emergency care procedures and measurements. During treatment the patient should be the main focus. Because of this, recording of measurements done could be delayed or in worst case forgotten during stressful situations. The proposal of this project is the development of a prototype that tries to make the administrative work a passive procedure rather than an active one. The system developed uses a Raspberry Pi, along with Node-Red, which connects predefined patient data and medical records, with the clinical staff tending the patient. All these connections are initiated by mainly using RFID technology. The conclusion made with the developed system is that it should unload the staff with the recording of data and that it helps make a data logging a more passive work than today’s used methods. Along with a process that is easier to operate, the time spent on administrative work could be reduced with the proposed system.
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Wu, Yanbo. "Enabling traceability in large-scale RFID networks." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/74096.
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The emergence of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology brings significant social and economic benefits. As a non line of sight technology, RFID provides an effective way to record movements of objects within a networked system formed by a set of distributed and collaborating parties. A trail of such recorded movements is the foundation for enabling traceability applications. While traceability is a critical aspect of the majority of RFID applications, realizing traceability for these applications brings many fundamental research and development issues, including storage efficiency, query processing complexity, privacy etc. In this dissertation, we present a novel approach to realize RFIID-based traceability in large, autonomous and heterogeneous distributed networks. We first propose a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) architecture, namely PeerTrack. PeerTrack does not require any kind of centralized database for the RFID data or their index, neither it requires RFID data to be fully shared to partners. In PeerTrack, only a specific portion of data is requested by partners, when the access is necessary. We introduce a distributed model, namely MOODS (a Model for mOving Objects in Discrete Space), for the essential data structures of traceability. MOODS is maintained by a distributed index on the top of a structured Peer-to-Peer overlay. We then propose efficient algorithms for the maintenance of MOODS. The algorithms are optimized to consume statistically minimal cost of bandwidth. Based on this model, we propose algorithms for efficient item-level and statistical traceability query processing. We also propose a traceability mining model for distributed RFID streams, namely TISH (Tilted TIme Frame of Histogram). TISH takes advantages of two important data mining tools, namely Tilted Time Series and Histogram, and combines them to describe the patterns of RFID streams in the dimensions of both time and space, and capture the dynamicity of the patterns. We propose efficient algorithms to maintain TISH and algorithms that use it for traceability query processing and RFID stream mining. We present a platform, namely PeerTrack Cloud, to bring the aforementioned RFID data modeling and traceability query processing techniques to the Cloud Environments. The platform features specific traceability-oriented modules for real-time query processing and efficient data storage. The techniques proposed in this dissertation are implemented in “Asset Management System", which is a collaborative project with a local company. Finally, we conduct extensive performance studies of the proposed techniques. The experimental results reveal that our system i) is more scalable and outperforms the centralized approach when the data volume or the network becomes larger; ii) provides powerful programming interfaces for query processing; iii) is economy in both storage and bandwidth; and iv) can be easily adopted in cloud computing platforms.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science, 2012
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Chen, Yu-Shan, and 陳昱杉. "An RFID-based Authentication Scheme for Internet of Things Networks." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77756501742402929826.
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碩士國立東華大學
資訊管理碩士學位學程
103
In order to the manage requirement of large numbers of objects, RFID-based system and Internet of Things (IoT) network have promptly become popular in recent years. Therefore, the research of the lightweight RFID authentication is considered of great importance. Recently, Morshed et al. proposed an authentication scheme, called SUAP3, to achieve the security and efficiency under ubiquitous RFID-based systems. Later, Safkhani et al. and Wang et al. had demonstrated that SUAP3 is insecure against full-disclosure attack and tag traceability attack. However, these attacks are based on powerful assumptions, and the feasibilities of the two attacks are thus a little doubtful. In this paper, we present a real passive tag-tracking attack without any specific assumptions. An adversary can exploit a series of challenge-response procedures to derive the secrets maintained at the tag. With the cryptanalysis proposed by us, the insecurity of SUAP3 is truly proved. For better robustness, we introduce a security enhanced scheme SUAP+ with the same order of the computation complexity as SUAP3.
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Jhuang, Wun-Long, and 莊文龍. "A Secure Mobile RFID Authentication Scheme for Internet of Things." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80406726082825654571.
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碩士國立中興大學
資訊管理學系所
104
In recent years, the internet of things (IoTs) has been a focus of research. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of the key technologies of the IoTs. It uses radio waves to enable fast and automatic identification of different objects. With the growth of wireless communication technology a mobile devices(e.g., notebook computer, PDA and smart phone) are growing rapidly, so mobile readers are used more and more increasingly. However, the mobile RFID technology may suffer from some security and privacy threats. The wireless channels between readers and server are insecure, thus, it brings higher security and privacy requirements for RFID systems. How to secure mobile RFID service in IoTs environments is important. The existing RFID authentication schemes still are vulnerable to many security attacks and privacy disclosure threats. In this thesis, we proposed a secure mutual authentication protocol for resource-constrained mobile RFID systems under insecure wireless communication environments. It can resist various attacks in RFID systems, and it can protect the privacy of mobile reader holders. Finally, we analyze and compare with several existing work, the results show that our proposed authentication scheme is more suited than the other related works for the mobile RFID system in IoTs environments.
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CHEN, YEN-CHENG, and 陳彥承. "An Efficient and Secure RFID Authentication Protocol for the Internet of Things." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4w6sud.
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碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系
106
Recently, the development of Internet of Things (IoT) takes more attentions and concerns in the world. The smart objects based on radio frequency identification (RFID) is a very important technology. Now, a wide range of RFID applications, including transportation, access control management, and industrial supply chain management, etc.. However, the RFID system also has many security and privacy issues. Recently some scholars presented various authentication protocols to enhance the security of RFID systems. In 2008, Y. C. Lee et al. proposed an RFID authentication protocol with privacy protection. Although it can achieve higher security, it is also relatively high in terms of computational cost and communication cost. In this paper, we will propose an RFID security authentication protocol with low computational cost in the tag. We can use the security smart reader to achieve the security of forgery prevention, two-way authentication, protecting privacy, replay attack and forward secrecy. Our authentication protocol is more suitable for use in the IoT environment.
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Tu, Mengru (Arthur), and 杜孟儒. "Real-Time Enterprise Based on the internet of things/RFID and intelligent agent." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65689788837917630413.
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博士國立交通大學
資訊管理研究所
99
Faced with customers demanding more customized products delivered at mass production prices, firms must reengineer their current business practices to a real-time enterprise (RTE) operational model to achieve flexibility in production and responsiveness to changing customer demands. To manage RTE effectively, firms must develop information system capable of managing dynamic business processes and operations in real time and taking immediate action to resolve disruptions. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure are considered one of the most promising solutions for managing product customization as they enable firms to manufacture variants of product at a batch size of one and to effectively track and trace components and products across supply chain(s). On the other hand, intelligent agent based technologies have the capability to deal with the dynamic system of RTE and play a key role in integrating RFID with business processes to better manage an RTE. However, IoT/RFID and intelligent agents are two complex research fields and to build a RTE based on the two technologies is a major challenge facing many enterprises today. That problem indicates that there is a lack of coherent system modeling and design methodology for RTE systems. Towards the solution of this problem, the main objective of this research is focus on developing a unified yet comprehensive system modeling and design methodology to build a RTE based on the IoT/RFID and intelligent agents. Several challenging problems associated with the modeling and design of IoT/RFID and agent based RTE are: (1) how to analyze and develop IoT/RFID-driven processes and system model(s); (2) how to design and apply high-level agent social model(s) on the IoT/RFID system model so that controlling scopes of agents and agent-interaction schemes can be defined for IoT/RFID process management; and (3) how to develop internal cognition and control models of agents defined in the high-level agent social model so that they can be implemented and employed to effectively manage IoT/RFID-driven operations of a RTE. The proposed methodology in this thesis addresses the system modeling and design challenges present in building IoT/RFID and agent based RTE in a top-down approach: (1) Developing IoT/RFID process analysis and system modeling schemes and algorithms so that IoT/RFID-driven process and system models can be constructed and verified; (2) Developing agentification methods to build a high-level agent social model based on the IoT/RFID system model; and (3) Based on the high-level agent social model as a guide, devising agent’s internal cognition and control models using BDI (belief-desire-intention) reasoning model and agent-oriented hierarchical state-feedback Petri net approach. An implementation framework is also proposed to address the implementation issue. The key contribution of this thesis is to present a unified modeling and design methodology for building IoT/RFID and agent based RTE systems. To demonstrate the methodology’s real-world applicability, prototypical systems consisting of intelligent-agent based IoT smart end-point devices and real-time enterprise applications are developed to substantiate the applicability of the proposed methodology and to serve as a reference model for developing RTE systems. Results of prototype experiments also demonstrate that the proposed IoT/RFID and agent based RTE system is more capable than most current industrial practices in managing dynamic enterprise operations, automating manufacturing and logistic processes, and reducing work-in-process inventory and labor cost.
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Alfagih, ASHRAF. "A FRAMEWORK FOR DATA DELIVERY IN INTEGRATED INTERNET OF THINGS ARCHITECTURES." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/8008.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a networking paradigm where entities are viewed as objects that are identifiable, traceable and connected. This view requires the integration and interoperability of numerous wireless standards. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are two dominant technologies that jointly constitute a class of hybrid/integrated IoT architectures known as RFID-Sensor Networks (RSNs).
Data delivery across such integrated architectures faces challenges in terms of cost-efficiency, scalability and connectivity, among many others. Moreover, IoT-driven solutions are required to address constraints on node mobility, delay-tolerance and resource management, and may have to adhere to an economic model in order to establish incentive-based schemes. Most available RSN solutions are tailored for a single-application and fail to address the aforementioned IoT constraints. To the best of our knowledge, a detailed framework that comprehensively addresses such constraints does not exist. We investigate this promising research direction by proposing a novel framework that incorporates an RSN integrated architecture to improve delivery over heterogeneous topologies. Our framework provides data delivery solutions that adhere to delivery and connectivity considerations of integrated RSN architectures in IoT. Moreover, our data delivery solutions incorporate pricing policies for incentive public sensing applications over the proposed architecture. We show, by theoretical analysis and simulations, that our framework outperforms rival RSN integration approaches, as well as other wireless Ad-hoc data delivery schemes in realizing IoT performance requirements.Thesis (Ph.D, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2013-05-01 15:09:52.668
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Almeida, António Manuel Ferreira. "Sistema de rastreio de entidades auto-identificadas em ambiente hospitalar." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/29087.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia de ComunicaçõesUma das grandes áreas de aplicação da tecnologia RFID (identificação por radiofrequência) e a saúde. O largo desenvolvimento da tecnologia RFID num ambiente deste tipo, tem a potencialidade de reduzir custos e aumentar a segurança dos pacientes e dos serviços médicos. Na verdade, os serviços de saúde deparam-se com inúmeros erros na prestação de cuidados a doentes. Esta questão pode ser melhorada com a localização, seguimento e controlo da circulação de pessoas (como pacientes, enfermeiros, médicos, visitas, auxiliares) e bens (como medicamentos, análises, cadeiras de rodas, camas, equipamentos médicos). A utilização de etiquetagem RFID nas entidades hospitalares, permite obter a informação relacionada sem necessidade de contacto físico ou de uma linha de visibilidade. Aliás, a integração da tecnologia Internet das Coisas, consegue oferecer a este sistema uma identificação precisa e uma rápida localização de qualquer entidade devidamente etiquetada. Esta dissertação, baseia-se na análise, implementação e teste de uma arquitectura capaz de prover um sistema de controlo e encaminhamento para entidades de serviços de saúde em ambiente móvel e ubíquo, com recurso às tecnologias disponíveis, RFID e Internet das Coisas. No presente documento, como primeira instância, é feita a introdução de todos os conceitos relevantes para o desenvolvimento do projecto em causa. Assim como uma profunda análise às tecnologias envolvidas, apresentando as vantagens e desvantagens das escolhas realizadas e das suas alternativas. Na segunda parte desta dissertação serão documentadas as fases de implementação deste sistema RFID para cuidados de saúde. Assim como uma análise aos testes e aos resultados obtidos expondo como as tecnologias RFID podem ser um benefício na projecção de um sistema hospitalar, para controlo e encaminhamento de entidades.
One of the major application areas of RFID (Radio Frequency IDenti cation) is the area of the healthcare. The ample development of the RFID technology in such environment, has the potential to reduce costs and improve patient safety and medical services. Actually, health services are confronted with numerous errors in providing care to patients. Such issue can be improved with the location, tracking and monitoring the movement of people (such as patients, nurses, physicians, visitors and physicians assistants) and assets (such as medicines, analyzes, wheelchairs, beds and medical equipment). The use of RFID tagging in hospital entities allows to obtain information related without physical contact or a line of sight. In fact, the integration of technology Internet of Things (IoT) could provide to this system a precise identification and a quick location of any entity properly labeled. This thesis is based on the analysis, implementation and testing of an architecture capable of providing a monitoring system and forwarding to healthcare entities in a mobile and ubiquitous environment, using technology available RFID and IoT. In the present paper, as first instance, all concepts relevant to the development of this project are introduced. Also a profound analysis of the technologies involved, presenting the advantages and disadvantages of the choices made and the alternatives. In the second part of this essay are presented the phases of implementation to the healthcare system. As an analysis and testing results, showing how RFID technology could be a benefit in the projection of a hospital system, to control and forwarding entities.
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Lai, Yen-Ting, and 賴彥婷. "On the study for Patent Map to explore RFID technology for the development trend of Internet of Things." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31688859176073762325.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
工業工程與管理系
100
Today's economic competitiveness of social knowledge, science and technology, patents can observe the technological competitiveness of enterprises or national strength. Patent map can help to define the existing and important technology. By use the number of patents to describe the life cycle of technology, we can easily evaluate and clearly grasp the development trend. It will be a decision-making reference for future strategic. Internet of Things (IoT) is an extremely bullish emerging technology. RFID technology is mature; it is a key technology for the development of IoT. In this study, the Patent Guider2008 patent pilot analysis software is the tool for patent search and construction of the patent map. This study uses the patent map to explore RFID technology which applied to the patent technology development of IoT. Many applications with RFID based on smart home appliances, transportation, and intelligent home appliances to be analyzed. The technology life cycle theory of the S-curve can explore the life cycle in which the current position. The results show RFID be used in the development of the IoT industry were increased. Patent is increasing year by year. U.S. is leading market share of more than 8-9 percent of the world. The technology is currently enjoying life cycle between growth and maturity. For the future contents of the patent strategy can proceed in electronic digital data processing, signal device or calling device, and data to identify key technology is an extension of the development.This study can provide the domestic industry and academia in the future direction of more reference and follow-up study, looking forward to the future of RFID technology used in IoT can be more practical application in Taiwan.
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ALI, KASHIF. "Enabling Ultra Large-Scale Radio Identification Systems." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6686.
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Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is growing prominence as an automated identification technology able to turn everyday objects into an ad-hoc network of mobile nodes; which can track, trigger events and perform actions. Energy scavenging and backscattering techniques are the foundation of low-cost identification solutions for RFIDs. The performance of these two techniques, being wireless, significantly depends on the underlying communication architecture and affect the overall operation of RFID systems. Current RFID systems are based on a centralized master-slave architecture hindering the overall performance, scalability and usability. Several proposals have aimed at improving performance at the physical, medium access, and application layers. Although such proposals achieve significant performance gains in terms of reading range and reading rates, they require significant changes in both software and hardware architectures while bounded by inherited performance bottlenecks, i.e., master-slave architecture. Performance constraints need to be addressed in order to further facilitate RFID adoption; especially for ultra large scale applications such as Internet of Things.
A natural approach is re-thinking the distributed communication architecture of RFID systems; wherein control and data tasks are decoupled from a central authority and dispersed amongst spatially distributed low-power wireless devices. The distributed architecture, by adjusting the tag's reflectivity coefficient creates micro interrogation zones which are interrogated in parallel. We investigate this promising direction in order to significantly increase the reading rates and reading range of RFID tags, and also to enhance overall system scalability. We address the problems of energy-efficient tag singulations, optimal power control schemes and load aware reader placement algorithms for RFID systems. We modify the conventional set cover approximation algorithm to determine the minimal number of RFID readers with minimal overlapping and balanced number of tags amongst them. We show, via extensive simulation analysis, that our approach has the potential to increase the performance of RFID technology and hence, to enable RFID systems for ultra large scale applications.Thesis (Ph.D, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2011-08-30 23:41:02.937
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(10716654), Eric J. Kozikowski. "DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR ASSEMBLY BOLT PATTERN TRACEABILITY AND POKA-YOKE." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
The manufacturing industry has begun its transition into a digital age, where data-driven decisions aim to improve product quality, output, and efficiency. Decisions made based on manufacturing data can help identify key problem areas in an assembly line and mitigate any defects from progressing through to the next step in the assembly process. But what if the products’ as manufactured data was inaccurate or didn’t exist at all? Decisions based on incorrect data can lead to defective parts being passed as good parts, costing manufacturers millions of dollars in rework or recalls. When specifically referring to mechanically fastened assemblies, products that experience rotation, like an aircraft propeller, or compress to create a seal, like an oil pipe flange, all require specific torque pattern sequences to be followed during assembly. When incorrectly torqued, the parts can have catastrophic failures resulting in consumer injury or ecological contamination. This paper outlines the development and feasibility of a system and its components for tracking and error-proofing the assembly of bolted joints in an industrial environment.
Using a machine vision system, the system traces the tool location relative to the mechanical fastener and records which order the fasteners were torqued in, if an error is detected, the system does not allow the user to progress through the assembly process, notifying if an error is detected. The system leverages open source machine learning algorithms from TensorFlow2 and OpenCv, that allow efficient object detection model training. The proposed system was tested using a series of tests and evaluated using the STEP method. The data collected aims to understand the system's feasibility and effectiveness in an industrial setting.
The tests aim to understand the effectiveness of the system under standard and variable industrial work conditions. Using the STEP method and other statistical analysis, an evaluation matrix was completed, ranking the system's ability to successfully meet all predetermined benchmarks and successfully record the torque pattern used to assemble apart
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Schmidt, Erwin Walter. "How should the protection of privacy, threatened by new technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID), be seen from a Judeo-Christian perspective?" Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/8609.
Full textAbstract:
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a new technology which allows people to identify objects automatically but there is a suspicion that, if people are tracked, their privacy may be infringed. This raises questions about how far this technology is acceptable and how privacy should be protected. It is also initiated a discussion involving a wide range of technical, philosophical, political, social, cultural, and economical aspects. There is also a need to consider the ethical and theological perspectives. This dissertation takes all its relevant directions from a Judeo-Christian theological perspective. On one side the use of technology is considered, and on the other side the value of privacy, its infringements and protection are investigated. According to Jewish and Christian understanding human dignity has to be respected including the right to privacy. As a consequence of this RFID may only used for applications that do not infringe this right. This conclusion, however, is not limited to RFID; it will be relevant for other, future surveillance technologies as well.Philosophy & Systematic Theology
M. Th. (Theological ethics)