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Journal articles on the topic 'RF deflectors'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

ALESINI, DAVID. "RF DEFLECTOR BASED SUB-PS BEAM DIAGNOSTICS: APPLICATION TO FEL AND ADVANCED ACCELERATORS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 22 (September 10, 2007): 3693–725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07037378.

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RF deflectors are very promising devices for longitudinal and transverse phase space characterization and beam manipulation in advanced accelerators. Measurement setups for longitudinal pulse shape as well as phase space and transverse beam slice emittance characterizations are described as well the main design criteria of traveling wave and standing wave RF deflectors used for beam diagnostics putting in evidence the advantages or disadvantages of the two devices in terms of performances, required power and power limitations.

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2

Doolittle, L., M. Placidi, P. Emma, A. Ratti, S. U. De Silva, R. G. Olave, and J. R. Delayen. "Cascading RF deflectors in compact beam spreader schemes." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 899 (August 2018): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.04.039.

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3

Otani, M., K. Futatsukawa, K. Hirano, Y. Kondo, A. Miura, H. Oguri, and Y. Liu. "Longitudinal bunch size measurement using an RF deflector." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 908 (November 2018): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.08.094.

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4

Jing-Ru, Zhang, Dai Jian-Ping, Gu Qiang, Pei Guo-Xi, Zhao Ming-Hua, Zhong Shao-Peng, Wang Xing-Tao, Chen Yong-Zhong, and Hou Mi. "Bunch length measurement using a traveling wave RF deflector." Chinese Physics C 34, no. 1 (January 2010): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/34/1/026.

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5

Akira, Inoue, Natsui Takuya, and Yoshida Mitsuhiro. "Cut disk structure type RF-deflector for slice emittance measurement for RF-gun at SuperKEKB." Energy Procedia 131 (December 2017): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.431.

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6

Yamada, K., T. Motobayashi, and I. Tanihata. "RF deflector system for proton-rich RI beams in RIKEN." Nuclear Physics A 746 (December 2004): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.064.

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7

Shor, A., D. Vartsky, V. Dangendorf, D. Bar, Y. Ben Aliz, D. Berkovits, M. Brandis, et al. "Fast beam chopper at SARAF accelerator via RF deflector before RFQ." Journal of Instrumentation 7, no. 06 (June 7, 2012): C06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/06/c06003.

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8

Otani, M., K. Futatsukawa, Y. Liu, K. Hirano, A. Miura, and T. Maruta. "Longitudinal Bunch Size Measurements with an RF Deflector at J-PARC LINAC." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1067 (September 2018): 052008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1067/5/052008.

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9

Pandey, H. K., T. K. Bhattacharya, and A. Chakrabarti. "Development of deflector cavity and RF amplifier for bunch length detector system." Journal of Instrumentation 11, no. 02 (February 4, 2016): T02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/02/t02001.

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10

Bai, Jin, Qushan Chen, and Kuanjun Fan. "Design of a multipurpose RF deflector system applied in a compact linac." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 988 (February 2021): 164893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164893.

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11

Wardzinski, Ewelina, Kamila Jauch-Chara, Sarah Haars, Uwe Melchert, Harald Scholand-Engler, and Kerstin Oltmanns. "Mobile Phone Radiation Deflects Brain Energy Homeostasis and Prompts Human Food Ingestion." Nutrients 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14020339.

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Obesity and mobile phone usage have simultaneously spread worldwide. Radio frequency-modulated electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) emitted by mobile phones are largely absorbed by the head of the user, influence cerebral glucose metabolism, and modulate neuronal excitability. Body weight adjustment, in turn, is one of the main brain functions as food intake behavior and appetite perception underlie hypothalamic regulation. Against this background, we questioned if mobile phone radiation and food intake may be related. In a single-blind, sham-controlled, randomized crossover comparison, 15 normal-weight young men (23.47 ± 0.68 years) were exposed to 25 min of RF-EMFs emitted by two different mobile phone types vs. sham radiation under fasting conditions. Spontaneous food intake was assessed by an ad libitum standard buffet test and cerebral energy homeostasis was monitored by 31phosphorus-magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements. Exposure to both mobile phones strikingly increased overall caloric intake by 22–27% compared with the sham condition. Differential analyses of macronutrient ingestion revealed that higher calorie consumption was mainly due to enhanced carbohydrate intake. Measurements of the cerebral energy content, i.e., adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine ratios to inorganic phosphate, displayed an increase upon mobile phone radiation. Our results identify RF-EMFs as a potential contributing factor to overeating, which underlies the obesity epidemic. Beyond that, the observed RF-EMFs-induced alterations of the brain energy homeostasis may put our data into a broader context because a balanced brain energy homeostasis is of fundamental importance for all brain functions. Potential disturbances by electromagnetic fields may therefore exert some generalized neurobiological effects, which are not yet foreseeable.

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12

Nishimura, Y., K. Sakaue, M. Nishiyama, T. Takahashi, M. Washio, T. Takatomi, and J. Urakawa. "Design of a two-cell rf-deflector cavity for ultra-short electron bunch measurement." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 764 (November 2014): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.07.035.

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13

Linsu, Tong, Cui Zheng, and Mao Fuming. "A new type of combined bipole deflector for a rf glow discharge ion source." Vacuum 41, no. 7-9 (January 1990): 1716–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207x(90)94064-w.

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14

Naser, M. Z. A., S. Dechoudhury, D. P. Dutta, D. Hazra, V. Naik, and A. Bandyopadhyay. "Beam dynamics simulation study for longitudinal bunch length measurement of RF modulated thermionic electron gun at VECC, Kolkata." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 02 (February 1, 2022): T02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/02/t02003.

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Abstract A superconducting electron linac (e-linac) photo-fission driver is under construction at VECC for the upcoming rare isotope beam facility called ANURIB. Electron gun and straight low energy beam transport (LEBT) line has been installed and is operational at a test area, delivering electron beam of 100 keV. We discuss beam dynamics and analytical calculations leading to optimal parameters of analysing section of LEBT line and RF deflector cavity that will be used for measuring longitudinal characteristics for the low energy electron beam.

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15

Park, Sunjeong, Hyun Woo Kim, Mi Hye Kim, Young Chan Kim, In Hyung Baek, Kyu-Ha Jang, Eun-San Kim, et al. "Measurement of low-energy and low-charge ultrashort bunches using an S-band RF deflector." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 927 (May 2019): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.087.

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16

Alesini, David, Giampiero Di Pirro, Luca Ficcadenti, Andrea Mostacci, Luigi Palumbo, James Rosenzweig, and Cristina Vaccarezza. "RF deflector design and measurements for the longitudinal and transverse phase space characterization at SPARC." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 568, no. 2 (December 2006): 488–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.07.050.

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17

Sabato, Luca, Pasquale Arpaia, Antonio Gilardi, Andrea Mostacci, Luigi Palumbo, and Alessandro Variola. "A Measurement Method Based on RF Deflector for Particle Bunch Longitudinal Parameters in Linear Accelerators." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 70 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3009342.

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18

Imai, Ryoji, and Kazunori Takahashi. "Deflections of dynamic momentum flux and electron diamagnetic thrust in a magnetically steered rf plasma thruster." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 13 (December 30, 2021): 135201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac4451.

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Abstract Two-dimensional characterization of the plasma plume is experimentally performed downstream of a magnetically steered radiofrequency plasma thruster, where the ion beam current, the ion saturation current, and the horizontal dynamic momentum flux, are measured by using the retarding field energy analyzer, the Langmuir probe, and the momentum vector measurement instrument, respectively, in addition to the previously measured horizontal thrust. The measurements show the deflections of the dynamic momentum flux including both the ions and the neutrals; the change in the direction of the dynamic momentum flux is consistent with the previously measured horizontal thrust. Furthermore, the ion saturation current profile implies that the deflected electron-diamagnetic-induced Lorentz force exerted to the magnetic nozzle contributes to the change in the thrust vector. Therefore, it is demonstrated that the deflections of both the dynamic momentum flux and the electron-diamagnetic-induced Lorentz force play an important role in the thrust vector control by the magnetic steering.

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19

Minaev, S. A., A. L. Sitnikov, A. A. Golubev, and T. V. Kulevoy. "Formation of a quasi-hollow beam of high-energy heavy ions using a multicell resonance RF deflector." Technical Physics 57, no. 9 (September 2012): 1251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063784212090198.

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20

Elshurafa, A. M., and E. I. El-Masry. "The effects of non-uniform nanoscale deflections on capacitance in RF MEMS parallel-plate variable capacitors." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 18, no. 4 (March 5, 2008): 045012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/18/4/045012.

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21

Ptak, A. J., K. S. Ziemer, M. R. Millecchia, C. D. Stinespring, and T. H. Myers. "Influence of Active Nitrogen Species on the Nitridation Rate of Sapphire." MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research 4, S1 (1999): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s1092578300002398.

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The operating regimes of two rf-plasma sources, an Oxford CARS-25 and an EPI Unibulb, have been extensively characterized. By changing the exit aperture configuration and using an electrostatic deflector, the Oxford source could produce either primarily atomic nitrogen, atomic nitrogen mixed with low energy ions, or a large flux of higher energy ions (>65 eV) as the active species in a background of neutral molecular nitrogen. The EPI source produced a significant flux of metastable molecular nitrogen as the active species with a smaller atomic nitrogen component. Nitridation of sapphire using each source under the various operating conditions indicate that the reactivity was different for each type of active nitrogen. Boron contamination originating from the pyrolytic boron nitride plasma cell liner was observed.

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22

Lee, S. M., M. H. Friedberg, and F. F. Ebner. "The role of GABA-mediated inhibition in the rat ventral posterior medial thalamus. I. Assessment of receptive field changes following thalamic reticular nucleus lesions." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 1702–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.5.1702.

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1. Changes in the receptive field (RF) properties of thalamic VPM neurons were assessed quantitatively using single-unit recording techniques following a selective excitotoxic lesion of the ipsilateral thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). The response profiles to controlled deflections of the contralateral vibrissae were obtained from 97 VPM neurons in normal and 102 VPM neurons in TRN-lesioned animals. 2. Histological signs of TRN lesions were detectable in Nissl-stained sections as early as 20 h after the release of kainic acid into TRN. 3. The average RF size of VPM neurons in normal animals was 2.39 +/- 0.18 whiskers (mean +/- SE). Immediately after the lesion of TRN, the average RF size in VPM was enlarged significantly and remained expanded for as long as 1 mo after the destruction of TRN (7.64 +/- 0.47 whiskers, P < 0.001). 4. Subsequent lesions of trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris (SpVi) in TRN-lesioned animals produced a marked reduction in the RF size of VPM neurons. The average VPM RF size for TRN/SpVi lesioned animals was 2.14 +/- 0.64 whiskers. 5. The loss of inhibition from TRN increased the average response probability and magnitude to the center RF whisker by 38 and 34%, respectively. The response probability and magnitude of the surround RF whiskers increased by 64 and 69%, respectively. The average response latencies to the center and surround RF whiskers were significantly longer after the lesion of TRN; subsequent lesions of SpVi in TRN-lesioned cases reduced the average response latencies of VPM neurons to those seen in normal animals. 6. The RF of VPM neurons in both normal and TRN lesioned cases displayed a strong anterior-posterior (“row”) preference. Immediately adjacent anterior-posterior whiskers were twice as likely to elicit a response in VPM than immediately adjacent dorsal-ventral whiskers. 7. VPM units were tested for a preferential response to whisker movement in one of four directions (up, down, backward, and forward). The majority of the neurons in both normal and TRN-lesioned cases showed direction-selective responses, mostly in the up direction. Thus gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition in rat VPM does not appear to be responsible for direction selectivity of VPM neurons. 8. Virtually all neurons in rat VPM after TRN lesions displayed responses that were sustained for the duration of the stimulus (25.5% in normal vs. 88.2% in TRN-lesioned cases). VPM units showing sustained (tonic) responses maintained a high rate of spontaneous activity and, on average, responded to 2-3 times more whiskers than phasically responding units.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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23

De Pascali, Chiara, Alvise Bagolini, Donatella Duraccio, Pietro Siciliano, and Luca Francioso. "Load-Deflection Behavior of RF-MEMS Switches: FEA and Analytical Modeling for Prediction of Mechanical Properties." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (November 30, 2018): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130968.

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SixNy/a-Si/SixNy thin film RF-MEMS switches were fabricated by unconventional PECVD process using surface micromachining approach. The mechanical properties of tri-layer were measured by nanoindentation and wafer curvature method. Deflections of switches clamped on two opposite edges were measured by a profilometer applying increasing quasi-point pressure loads. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to study the mechanical behavior of clamped-clamped switches. An analytical solution was developed and validated, numerically and experimentally, to describe the load-deflection response of perforated membranes to quasi-point loads. The proposed function was used to determine the internal stress of the investigated membranes; the relative error between the predicted and calculated stress values was in the range 2.1–8.5%.

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24

Raj, Vishnu, Ankita Kumari, and Tanay V N. "STEALTH TECHNOLOGY AND INDIA-A REVIEW." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i04.025.

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Stealth Technology so as to avoid detection by using combination of features so that Aircraft can interfere with RADAR and also reduce the visibility in radio frequency (RF) spectrum, audio and infrared visual. During the last decades, stealth technology has proven to be one of the most effective approaches as far as the Endeavour to hide from radar systems is concerned. Stealth means to avoid the detection or try to hide, for airplanes, hiding from radar meant stealth. The concept used in the stealth technology is not so difficult. It uses the principle to absorb and reflect the radar waves. Aircraft deflects the radar waves in various directions and minimizes the radar waves which return backs to radar. This paper reviews about the different aspects in stealth technology

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25

Tan, Jianhao, Wencheng Fang, Dechun Tong, Qiang Gu, Xiaoxia Huang, Zongbin Li, Toshiyasu Higo, Shuji Matsumoto, Toshikazu Takatomi, and Zhentang Zhao. "Design, RF measurement, tuning, and high-power test of an X-band deflector for Soft X-ray Free Electron Lasers (SXFEL) at SINAP." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 930 (June 2019): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.03.093.

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26

Psychogiou, Dimitra, Yunjia Li, Jan Hesselbarth, Dimitrios Peroulis, Christofer Hierold, and Christian Hafner. "Continuously variable W-band phase shifters based on MEMS-actuated conductive fingers." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, no. 4 (April 3, 2013): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000226.

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This paper presents four continuously variable W-band phase shifters in terms of design, fabrication, and radiofrequency (RF) characterization. They are based on low-loss ridge waveguide resonators tuned by electrostatically actuated highly conductive rigid fingers with measured variable deflection between 0.3° and 8.25° (at a control voltage of 0–27.5 V). A transmission-type phase shifter based on a tunable highly coupled resonator has been manufactured and measured. It shows a maximum figure of merit (FOM) of 19.5°/dB and a transmission phase variation of 70° at 98.4 GHz. The FOM and the transmission phase shift are increased to 55°/dB and 134°, respectively, by the effective coupling of two tunable resonances at the same device with a single tuning element. The FOM can be further improved for a tunable reflective-type phase shifter, consisting of a transmission-type phase shifter in series with a passive resonator and a waveguide short. Such a reflective-type phase shifter has been built and tested. It shows a maximum FOM of 101°/dB at 107.4 GHz. Here, the maximum phase shift varied between 0° and 377° for fingers deflections between 0.3° and 8.25°.

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27

Притыкин, А. И. "Load capacity of the board grillage with two stringers under ice loading." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg>, no. 4(54) (December 2, 2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2021.54.4.001.

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Снизить повреждаемость бортовых перекрытий при ледовых нагрузках можно за счет совершенствования расчетных зависимостей по оценке их несущей способности. Далеко не всегда такие зависимости, приводимые в справочных изданиях, дают верные рекомендации из-за не вполне ясного характера распределения нагрузок в сложных статически неопределимых системах. В справочнике по СМК приводится расчетная зависимость, позволяющая определить несущую способность регулярного перекрытия с двумя стрингерами при действиии локально распределенной нагрузки в пределах прямоугольника. Цель данной работы заключалась в оценке несущей способности реального бортового перекрытия ледокола типа Wind с помощью МКЭ при параметрах ледовой нагрузки, определяемой рекомендациями Морского Регистра РФ, и последующем сравнении полученных результатов с расчетами по теоретической зависимости, приведенной в справочнике. Полученные данные показали, что зависимость в справочнике для оценки несущей способности перекрытия дает удовлетворительно согласующиеся с МКЭ результаты после соответствующего уменьшения числового коэффициента в ней. При анализе несущей способности перекрытия варьировались шпация, толщина обшивки, высота стенок стрингеров и площадь приложения нагрузки. Установлено, что текучесть наблюдается в опорных сечениях шпангоутов и посредине их пролета, а из-за большой ширины присоединенного пояска обшивка у контура перекрытия практически никогда не течет. Полученные МКЭ результаты показали наличие обратно пропорциональной зависимости между предельной нагрузкой и шпацией при фиксированной площади нагружения. Отмечено, что увеличение толщины обшивки несущественно влияет на величину предельной нагрузки при остальных неизменных параметрах перекрытия. Выполненные расчеты позволяют кроме предельной нагрузки оценить также и величины прогибов при упругопластическом деформировании перекрытий, которые затруднительно подсчитать аналитически. To low damage of the board grillages under ice loading is possible by improving analytical relations on estimation of their load capacity. Not always such relations, bringing in manuals, give true recommendations because of complex character of the loads distribution in static indeterminate systems. Im manual on ship structural mechanics is giving analytical relation for determination of load capacity of regular grillage with two stringers under action of localy distributed load in rectangular area. Purpose of this study is to estimate load capacity of real board grillage of icebreaker of type Wind with help of FEM under parameters of ice load recommended in Maritime Register of RF, and following comparison of obtained results with calculation on analytical relation, given in manual. Obtained results show that relation in manual for estimation of load capacity of grillage give satisfactory results corresponding to FEM only after corresponding reducing of numerical coefficient in it. Under analysis of load capacity of grillage, it was changing frame space, thickness of plating, depth of stringers and area of application of load. It was estimated that most loaded zones of frames are their sections near supports and in the mid-span. Because of big width of associated plate the plating near contour of grillage is never yielding practically. Results obtained by FEM show existence of inversely proportional relation between the limit load and space framing under fixed area of loading. It was noticed that increasing of the plating thickness influent not essentially on value of the limit load under all other parameters of grillage unchangeable. Performed calculations allow to estimate limit load and value of deflections under elasto-plastic deformation of grillage, which is difficult to calculate analytically,

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28

Ahmed, Shahid, Geoffrey A. Krafft, Kirsten Deitrick, Subashini U. De Silva, Jean R. Delayen, Mike Spata, Michael Tiefenback, Alicia Hofler, and Kevin Beard. "Beam dynamics studies for transverse electromagnetic mode type rf deflectors." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 15, no. 2 (February 14, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.15.022001.

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29

Alesini, David, and Alessandro Gallo. "Effects of the beam loading in the rf deflectors of the CLIC test facility CTF3 combiner ring." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 7, no. 3 (April 7, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.7.034403.

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30

Alesini, David, Caterina Biscari, Andrea Ghigo, Fabio Marcellini, and Roberto Corsini. "Beam instability induced by rf deflectors in the combiner ring of the CLIC test facility and mitigation by damped deflecting structures." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 14, no. 2 (February 7, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.14.022001.

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31

Alesini, David, and Alessandro Gallo. "Editorial Note: Effects of the beam loading in the rf deflectors of the CLIC test facility CTF3 combiner ring [Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams7, 034403 (2004)]." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 7, no. 5 (May 24, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.7.059901.

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32

Senichev, Yu, O. Belyaev, W. Bräutigam, Yu Budanov, R. Maier, V. Stepanov, V. Teplyakov, A. Zherebtsov, and I. Zvonarev. "NovelH-type rf deflector." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.9.012001.

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33

Avrutin, Vitaliy, Mikhail A. Reshchikov, Natalia Izyumskaya, Ryoko Shimada, and Hadis Morkoç. "Effect of Growth Conditions on Defect-related Photoluminescence in ZnO Thin Films Grown by Plasma Assisted MBE." MRS Proceedings 1035 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1035-l09-02.

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AbstractThe effect of growth conditions on the luminescence properties of ZnO films grown on a-Al2O3/GaN(0001)/c-Al2O3 templates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy has been investigated. We observed that the deflecting of the ions produced by the RF oxygen plasma away from substrate results in improved excitonic emission and modification of the defect-related PL spectrum. The intensity of the near-band-edge lines in photoluminescence spectra from the layers grown with the ion deflector deflection was found to increase as compared to the controls grown without the ion deflector. The yellow-green spectral range was dominated by different defect bands in the films grown with and without ion deflection. The effect of RF power on peak positions of the defect band was studied for the films grown without ion deflection.

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34

Alesini, David, and Fabio Marcellini. "rf deflector design of the CLIC test facility CTF3 delay loop and beam loading effect analysis." Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams 12, no. 3 (March 10, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.12.031301.

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35

Ptak, A. J., K. S. Ziemer, M. R. Millecchia, C. D. Stinespring, and T. H. Myers. "Influence of Active Nitrogen Species on the Nitridation Rate of Sapphire." MRS Proceedings 537 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-537-g3.10.

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AbstractThe operating regimes of two rf-plasma sources, an Oxford CARS-25 and an EPI Unibulb, have been extensively characterized. By changing the exit aperture configuration and using an electrostatic deflector, the Oxford source could produce either primarily atomic nitrogen, atomic nitrogen mixed with low energy ions, or a large flux of higher energy ions (>65eV) as the active species in a background of neutral molecular nitrogen. The EPI source produced a significant flux of metastable molecular nitrogen as the active species with a smaller atomic nitrogen component. Nitridation of sapphire using each source under the various operating conditions indicate that the reactivity was different for each type of active nitrogen. Boron contamination originating from the pyrolytic boron nitride plasma cell liner was observed.

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Kaul, Anupama B., Tomasz Klosowiak, and Joshua Liu. "A static technique for the electro-mechanical characterization of MEMS devices for RF and microwave applications." MRS Proceedings 729 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-729-u3.10.

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AbstractAn approach for measuring force-dependent properties of microscopic structures commonly found in MEMS has been developed. The system has the capability of measuring forces and deflections of the order of micro-newtons and micro-meters, respectively. By implementing a visual inspection system, force is applied to localized areas on a beam, and the resulting force-deflection characteristic can be obtained. From this beam stiffness and effective elastic modulus can be calculated. These results were compared to simulation, which was performed using ANSYS FEM code. In addition, by applying a known mechanical force, direct correlation to voltage and thus electrostatic force can be obtained, which also elucidates the magnitude of the electrostatic feedback effect. Characterization of other force-dependent parameters such as DC contact resistance and isolation/insertion loss at RF and microwave frequencies was obtained experimentally, from which parameters such as lumped capacitance can be extracted.

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Acosta Martinez, J., D. Soto-Iglesias, B. Jauregui-Garrido, J. Fernandez-Armenta, D. Penela, M. Frutos-Lopez, E. Arana-Rueda, A. Pedrote, and A. Berruezo. "130Long-term outcomes of ventricular tachycardia substrate ablation incorporating hidden slow conduction analysis." EP Europace 22, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euaa162.098.

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Abstract Introduction Ventricular tachycardia substrate ablation (VTSA) incorporating hidden slow conduction (HSC) analysis allows further arrhythmic substrate identification. This study evaluates whether the analysis and elimination of HSC electrograms (HSC-EGMs) during VTSA procedures result in better short and long-term outcomes. Methods Consecutive patients (n = 70, 63% ischaemic, 64 ± 14.6 years) undergoing VTSA were prospectively included. Bipolar EGMs with >3 deflections and duration <133 ms were considered as potential HSC-EGM, if located within/surrounding the scar area. Whenever a potential HSC-EGM was identified, a double ventricular extrastimulus was delivered. If a local potential showed up as a delayed component, it was annotated as HSC-EGM. The incidence of HSC-EGM in core, border-zone, and normal-voltage regions was determined. Ablation was delivered at conducting channel entrances and HSC-EGMs. Procedure time, radiofrequency time, VT inducibility after VTSA and VT recurrence at 12 months after the procedure were compared with data from a historic control group (n = 66, 70% ischaemic, 65.2 ± 12 years). Results 5076 EGMs were analyzed. 1029 (20.2%) qualified as potential HSC-EGM, and 453 of them were tagged as HSC-EGMs. Scars in patients with HSC-EGMs (n = 43, 61.4%) were smaller (39.66 ± 28.2 vs 69.4 ± 38.2 cm2; p = 0.005) and more heterogeneous (core/scar area ratio 0.24 ± 0.2 vs 0.43 ± 0.17; p = 0.03). 29.6% of HSC-EGMs were located in normal-voltage tissue; 83.5% were targeted for ablation. Patients undergoing VTSA incorporating HSC analysis needed less procedure time (213 ± 75 vs 242 ± 60 min; p = 0.018), less RF time (15.9 ± 10 vs 25 ± 12,7 minutes; p < 0.001), had a lower rate of VT inducibility (27.5% vs 51.5%; p = 0.005) and a higher 2-year VT/VF-free survival (82.8% vs 59.7%; log rank p = 0.047) after VTSA than the historic controls . Conclusion VTSA incorporating HSC analysis allowed further arrhythmic substrate identification (especially in normal-voltage areas) and resulted in increased VTSA efficiency and better short and long-term outcomes. Abstract Figure. VT Recurrence-Free Survival

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