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Academic literature on the topic 'Reversione forche'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Reversione forche"

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Sharber, Seth A., Kuo-Chih Shih, Arielle Mann, Fanny Frausto, Terry E. Haas, Mu-Ping Nieh, and Samuel W. Thomas. "Reversible mechanofluorochromism of aniline-terminated phenylene ethynylenes." Chemical Science 9, no. 24 (2018): 5415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc00980e.

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Blau, Steven K. "Reversing the Casimir force." Physics Today 60, no. 9 (September 2007): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796589.

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Potthoff, Eva, Dario Ossola, Tomaso Zambelli, and Julia A. Vorholt. "Bacterial adhesion force quantification by fluidic force microscopy." Nanoscale 7, no. 9 (2015): 4070–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06495j.

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Fluidic force microscopy demonstrates the potential to quantify bacterial adhesion by single-cell force spectroscopy, achieving higher immobilization forces than state-of-the-art cell-cantilever interactions. Reversible cell fixation on the tip allows for serial measurements of many cells in the nN range using a single cantilever.
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Bethany Halford. "Force spurs quick, reversible color change." C&EN Global Enterprise 99, no. 9 (March 15, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09909-scicon1.

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Obermair, Christian, Marina Kress, Andreas Wagner, and Thomas Schimmel. "Reversible mechano-electrochemical writing of metallic nanostructures with the tip of an atomic force microscope." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 3 (December 5, 2012): 824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.3.92.

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We recently introduced a method that allows the controlled deposition of nanoscale metallic patterns at defined locations using the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) as a “mechano-electrochemical pen”, locally activating a passivated substrate surface for site-selective electrochemical deposition. Here, we demonstrate the reversibility of this process and study the long-term stability of the resulting metallic structures. The remarkable stability for more than 1.5 years under ambient air without any observable changes can be attributed to self-passivation. After AFM-activated electrochemical deposition of copper nanostructures on a polycrystalline gold film and subsequent AFM imaging, the copper nanostructures could be dissolved by reversing the electrochemical potential. Subsequent AFM-tip-activated deposition of different copper nanostructures at the same location where the previous structures were deleted, shows that there is no observable memory effect, i.e., no effect of the previous writing process on the subsequent writing process. Thus, the four processes required for reversible information storage, “write”, “read”, “delete” and “re-write”, were successfully demonstrated on the nanometer scale.
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Diezemann, Gregor, and Andreas Janshoff. "Force-clamp spectroscopy of reversible bond breakage." Journal of Chemical Physics 130, no. 4 (January 28, 2009): 041101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3071199.

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Galzman, E. G., L. M. Vulikhman, and V. F. Semenyuk. "Reversible force sensor with spirally wound tensoresistors." Measurement Techniques 28, no. 7 (July 1985): 644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00862168.

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Zhang, Yingjiu, Nanlin Wang, Rongrui He, Qi Zhang, Jing Zhu, and Yunjie Yan. "Reversible bending of Si3N4 nanowire." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 5 (May 2000): 1048–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0150.

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A reversible bending phenomenon of Si3N4 nanowires on the conductive carbon–formalin microgrid under an illumination of electron beam was observed using a transmission electron microscope. The nanowires exhibit high flexibility. The bending deflection is approximately proportional to the square of the current density (J) of the electron beam. The bending strength of Si3N4 nanowire is much higher than that of bulk Si3N4 materials. The force that bent the nanowires may be an electrostatic force.
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Kang, Lin L., Lorenzo Russo, Renato Tognaccini, Jie Z. Wu, and Wei D. Su. "Aerodynamic Force Breakdown in Reversible and Irreversible Components by Vortex Force Theory." AIAA Journal 57, no. 11 (November 2019): 4623–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j058379.

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Chin, Stacey M. "Molecular design for reversible force-sensitive polymeric materials." Matter 4, no. 5 (May 2021): 1452–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.04.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reversione forche"

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MENIN, LUCA. "Role of Tel1/ATM in protecting and signaling abnormal replication forks and short telomeres." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241165.

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Le cellule eucariotiche prevengono l’instabilità genomica attivando un complesso sistema biochimico chiamato Risposta ai Danni al DNA (DDR). Le proteine chinasi Mec1 e Tel1 di S. cerevisiae, ortologhe di ATR ed ATM umane, giocano un ruolo centrale nella DDR. Queste proteine attivano il checkpoint da danni al DNA il quale coordina la riparazione dei danni al DNA con la progressione del ciclo cellulare. Il ruolo della proteina Tel1 è particolarmente evidente in presenza di rotture a doppia elica del DNA (DSB). I DSB possono essere riparati tramite ricombinazione omologa la quale richiede la degradazione dell’estremità 5’ della rottura (resection). Tel1 contribuisce alla riparazione dei DSB promuovendo l’inizio della resection. Nonostante le funzioni di Tel1 nella DDR, l’assenza di Tel1 conferisce alle cellule di lievito solo una moderata sensibilità alla camptotecina (CPT), un inibitore delle topoisomerasi di tipo I. Dato che derivati della CPT sono attualmente usati in chemioterapia, comprendere il ruolo di Tel1 in risposta alla CPT è rilevante per lo sviluppo di nuove terapie anticancro. Oltre a ciò, Tel1 è importante per il mantenimento dei telomeri, i quali vengono replicati grazie ad una trascrittasi inversa chiamata telomerasi. In particolare, Tel1 promuove il reclutamento della telomerasi e quindi l’omeostasi dei telomeri. La telomerasi è inattivata nella maggior parte dei tessuti umani che di conseguenza sono soggetti ad un progressivo accorciamento dei telomeri. Quando i telomeri divengono criticamente corti, si ha il blocco della divisione cellulare in un processo noto come senescenza replicativa che limita la proliferazione cellulare agendo da meccanismo oncosoppressore. La senescenza è innescata dall’attivazione del checkpoint da danni al DNA governato da Mec1/ATR e Tel1/ATM. In particolare, il meccanismo attraverso il quale Tel1/ATM induce la senescenza è ancora ignoto. Durante il mio dottorato ho quindi seguito due distinti progetti allo scopo di far luce sui meccanismi molecolari che coinvolgono Tel1 in risposta alla CPT e nell’induzione della senescenza. Riguardo al primo progetto, sia in lievito che in mammifero la CPT induce la reversione delle forche replicative. Cellule tel1∆ sono caratterizzate da un ridotto livello di forche regresse indotte dalla CPT rispetto a cellule selvatiche. In risposta alla CPT, l’assenza dell’attività nucleasica di Mre11 ripristina livelli normali di forche regresse in cellule tel1∆. Inoltre, l’inattivazione della proteina Mrc1 mitiga la sensibilità a CPT di cellule tel1∆ e previene la reversione delle forche in cellule selvatiche, in cellule tel1∆ e in cellule senza l’attività nucleasica di Mre11. Nel loro insieme questi risultati indicano che Tel1 stabilizza le forche regresse generate da Mrc1 in presenza della CPT inibendo l’attività nucleasica di Mre11 a livello di queste strutture di DNA. Riguardo al secondo progetto, per studiare il ruolo di Tel1 nell’induzione della senescenza ho sfruttato cellule di lievito senza telomerasi e l’allele mutante TEL1-hy184 identificato precedentemente come soppressore dei difetti di checkpoint di cellule mec1∆. Subito dopo l’inattivazione della telomerasi la variante Tel1-hy184 accelera la senescenza rispetto a cellule che esprimono la forma selvatica di Tel1. L’aumentata senescenza indotta da Tel1-hy184 è causata dall’attivazione di un checkpoint completamente dipendente dalla proteina Rad9 e solo in parte dipendente da Mec1. Inoltre, Tel1-hy184 non sembra aumentare il livello di ssDNA alle estremità di DNA. Ciò suggerisce che Tel1 induce la senescenza replicativa contribuendo direttamente all’attivazione del checkpoint in presenza di telomeri disfunzionali. Nel complesso, i risultati che ho ottenuto durante il mio dottorato permettono di comprendere meglio le funzioni di Tel1/ATM nel mantenimento della stabilità genomica.
Eukaryotic cells prevent genomic instability by activating a complex network of safeguard pathways called DNA Damage Response (DDR). S. cerevisiae Mec1 and Tel1 protein kinases, orthologs of human ATR and ATM, play a central role in the DDR. These proteins activate a checkpoint cascade which coordinates DNA damage repair with cell cycle progression. The role of Tel1 is particularly evident in the presence of DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs), one of the most cytotoxic forms of DNA lesions. DSBs can be repaired by Homologous Recombination (HR), which requires the degradation of 5’-ended strands of the break (resection). Tel1 contributes to DSB repair by promoting resection initiation. Despite Tel1 functions in DDR, the absence of Tel1 confers a moderate sensitivity to camptothecin (CPT), an inhibitor of type I DNA topoisomerases. Since CPT derivatives are currently used in chemotherapy, understanding the molecular basis of tel1Δ mutant sensitivity to CPT is relevant for the development of anti-cancer therapies based on combined treatments with CPT derivatives and ATM inhibitors. In addition, Tel1 is important for the maintenance of telomeres, which are replicated by a reverse transcriptase called telomerase. In particular, Tel1 promotes the recruitment of telomerase and therefore telomere homeostasis. Telomerase is inactivated in most human tissues, which undergo progressive telomere shortening. When telomeres become critically short, a block of cell division, known as replicative senescence, limits cell proliferation, thus acting as a cancer-suppressor mechanism. Senescence is triggered by the activation of a checkpoint response governed by Mec1/ATR and Tel1/ATM. While Mec1/ATR is known to block cell division in the presence of extended ssDNA, the molecular mechanism by which Tel1/ATM triggers senescence is still unclear. During my PhD I have managed two different projects with the aim to shed light into the molecular mechanisms that involve Tel1 in response to CPT and in the induction of replicative senescence. Regarding the first project, in both yeast and mammals, CPT induces replication fork reversal, which has been proposed to stabilize stalled replication forks, thus providing time for the repair of CPT-induced lesions and supporting replication restart. tel1∆ cells have a reduced amount of CPT-induced reversed forks compared to wild type cells. The lack of Mre11 nuclease activity restores wild-type levels of reversed forks in CPT-treated tel1Δ cells, without affecting fork reversal in wild-type cells. Moreover, Mrc1 inactivation prevents fork reversal in wild-type, tel1Δ, and mre11 nuclease-deficient cells and relieves the hypersensitivity of tel1Δ cells to CPT. Altogether, these data indicate that Tel1 stabilizes Mrc1-dependent reversed forks generated in the presence of CPT by counteracting Mre11 nucleolytic activity at these structures. Regarding the second project, to studying the role of Tel1/ATM in the induction of senescence, I took advantage of telomerase-deficient yeast cells, which are considered a reliable model of replicative senescence, and the TEL1-hy184 allele, previously identified because it was able to suppress the checkpoint defects of Mec1-deficient cells. Upon telomerase inactivation, Tel1-hy184 accelerates senescence compared to wild type Tel1, while the lack of Tel1 was found to delay senescence. The enhanced senescence in telomerase-negative TEL1-hy184 cells depends on the activation of a checkpoint that is completely Rad9-dependent and only partially dependent on Mec1. Furthermore, Tel1-hy184 does not appear to increase ssDNA at DNA ends, suggesting that Tel1 induces replicative senescence by directly contributing to checkpoint signaling at dysfunctional telomeres. Taken together, the results that I have obtained during my PhD allow to better understand the functions of Tel1/ATM in the maintenance of genome stability.
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Barrera, Noemi. "Intermittency in reversible martensitic transformations." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22562/document.

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Les Transformation Martensitiques (TM) sont des transitions du premier ordre entre des phases cristallines qui caractérisent une classe intéressante de matériaux intelligents, les Alliages à Mémoire de Forme (AMF). Ces alliages métalliques furent découverts dans les années 1930 environ. Ils sont surtout intéressants car ils combinent deux effets particuliers : l'effet de mémoire de forme et la pseudo-élasticité. L'effet mémoire de forme consiste à mémoriser une configuration particulière et la retrouver après des cycles thermiques ou mécaniques. La Pseudo-Elasticité consiste à rejoindre des niveaux de déformation très grands qui sont, en général, plus typiques du caoutchouc que des métaux. Dans cette thèse, nous avons traité la caractérisation des transformations martensitiques en analysant des points de vue différents. La compréhension du fonctionnement des AMFs est fondamentale pour plusieurs types d'applications industrielles. Elle constitue encore un domaine de recherche très ouvert. (...)
This thesis deals with the characterization of Martensitic Transformations (MT) that are first order phase transitions among different solid states with different crystalline structures. These transitions are at the basis of the behavior of a class of smart materials, called Shape Memory Alloys (SMA). This work combines an experimental study of a mechanically-induced martensitic transformation in a Cu-Al-Be single crystal and a macroscopic model for the reproduction of permanent effects in cyclic temperature-induced and stress-induced transitions. From the experimental point of view, the novelties are in the device that has been built and used for the test and in the full-field measurement technique at the basis of the data treatment. The especially designed gravity-based device allows for a uni-axial and uni-directional tensile test with slow loading rates. Simultaneously, the full-field measurement technique, known as grid method, provides high-resolution two-dimensional strain maps during all the transformation. With all the data collected during the test, we characterize for the first time the two-dimensional strain intermittency in a number of ways, showing heavy-tailed distributions for the strain avalanching over almost six decades of magnitude. In parallel, we develop a macroscopic mathematical model for the description of fatigue and permanent effects in several kinds of martensitic transformations. We show an easy way to calibrate the model parameters in the simple one-dimensional case. Moreover, we compare the numerical results with experimental data for different tests and specimens and obtain a good qualitative agreement
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Schmidt, Joachim, and Wolfgang Bechmann. "Zur Anwendung des Skalarprodukts von Kraft und Weg auf reversible Prozesse (Druck-Volumen-Änderung, Dehnung, Elektrostatische Wechselwirkung, Hub) : die Verwendung äußerer oder systemimmanenter Kräfte." Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/6973/.

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Wir schlagen einen allgemein anwendbaren Algorithmus vor, der unter Verwendung des Skalarprodukts von Kraft und Weg zum richtigen Vorzeichen in den Gleichungen für die Arbeit und die Potentielle Energie bei reversiblen Prozessen (Druck-Volumen-Änderung, Dehnung, Elektrostatische Wechselwirkung, Hub)führt. Wir zeigen, dass es dabei möglich ist, systemimmanente oder externe Kräfte zu benutzen. Wir zeigen, dass bei Verwendung von systemimmanenten Kräften das Skalarprodukt mit negativem Vorzeichen anzusetzen ist. Zudem ist es sehr wichtig, nötige Vorzeichenwechsel bei den einzelnen Schritten zu beachten. Wir betonen dies, weil gelegentlich übersehen wird, dass ein Vorzeichenwechsel nötig ist, wenn das Wegdifferential ds durch das Höhendifferential dh beziehungsweise durch das Abstandsdifferential dx oder dr ersetzt werden muss.
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Dao, Thi Thu Ha. "Les files et les reseaux zero-automatiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195119.

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On introduit un nouveau modele de file d'attente: les files Zero-automatiques. Tout d'abord, on considere la discipline de service Premier Arrive Premier Servi. Les files 0-automatiques sont caracterisees par une salle d'attente evoluant suivant un mecanisme de marche aleatoire sur un groupe ou un monoede infini. En considerant les deux cas les plus simples et aussi extremes de files 0-automatiques, nous retrouvons la file simple M/M/1 et la G-file de Gelenbe avec clients positifs et negatifs.
Le resultat saillant est que toutes les files 0-automatiques ont une distribution stationnaire a forme produit et un processus de depart de Poisson. C'est un point crucial pour construire les reseaux a forme produit.
On considere deux modeles correspondant aux differents routages classiques: reseaux a la Jackson et reseaux a la Kelly. Dans les deux cas, on a montre que la distribution stationnaire est a forme produit et peut etre determinee explicitement. De plus, le processus de depart est Poisson.
Enfin, considerons les files 0-automatiques avec discipline de service Dernier Arrive Premier Servi. Dans ce cas, certaines proprietes restent vraies, mais pas toutes. On obtient des resultats interessants en comparant les zones de stabilite d'une meme file 0-automatique sous les discpilines Premier Arrive Premier Servi et Dernier Arrive Premier Servi.
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Loftus, Lauren M. "An AFM Study of Photoaddressable Topography in Ruthenium Sulfoxide-Doped Polysiloxane Copolymers." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1399042949.

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Kosar, Jakub. "Konstrukční řešení reverzní vírové turbiny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416611.

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The thesis deals with the construction design of reversible swirl turbine used in a tidal range power plant for bidirectional operation. The theoretical part provides an overview of state-of-the-art technologies in the usage of tidal energy, mostly by means of tidal range and stream tidal power plants. It also analyses respective designs of tidal turbines and their advantages and disadvantages. The practical part of the thesis demonstrates individual steps applied when examining loading forces and also shows the design method and strength inspection procedure of the turbine and its parts, especially of the impeller, gears, shafts and bearings. Lastly, the paper outlines the selection approach of the most appropriate water plant generator.
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Books on the topic "Reversione forche"

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Force, Nutrition Task. Obesity: Reversing the increasing problem of obesity in England : a report from the Nutrition and Physical Activity Task Forces. [London]: Department of Health, 1995.

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United Nations Environment Programme. Regional Task Force on Economic Valuation. Meeting. Reversing environmental degradation trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand: Report, third meeting of the Regional Task Force on Economic Valuation, Fangchenggang, China, 18th-21st April 2005. Bangkok, Thailand: UNEP/GEF, 2005.

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Chowdhury, Abdur Rahman. Reversing tranquility: Analysis of events that destabilized the Middle East and Baltic regions, displaced millions of people and gave rise to extremist forces, threatened territorial integrity of the countries and impeded democratization process. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Academic Press and Publishers Library, 2016.

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Dao, Mai, and Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics: Reversible or Not? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Dao, Mai, and Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics: Reversible or Not? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Dao, Mai, Juan Sole, Jeremy Zook, and Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics: Reversible or Not? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Brown, Benjamin R. Reversing Chronic Diseases Using Lifestyle Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0014.

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Many of the most common chronic diseases in the Western world are now preventable and even reversible using comprehensive lifestyle changes; this has spawned a new field named lifestyle medicine. Lifestyle medicine is a subset of integrative preventive medicine that focuses on changing the four or more core behaviors: nutrition, movement, relaxation, and social support. The diseases that have been shown to be reversible include even severe coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and early-stage prostate cancer. Many forces are converging that make this the right idea at the right time. This chapter focuses on reviewing randomized-controlled trials and demonstration projects illustrating both the medical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of lifestyle medicine as a new paradigm of healthcare—one that integrates the best of conventional treatments such as drugs and surgery with the power of comprehensive lifestyle changes.
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Buchler, Justin. Extreme Reversion Points and Party Leadership from 2011 through 2016. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865580.003.0007.

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When a majority party works on normal legislation, it faces a collective action problem of sincere voting, and must prevent legislators from centrist districts from voting against noncentrist legislation. From 2011 through 2016, though, Republican Party leadership faced a different challenge, and leaders were pitted against the extremists in their caucus. This occurred because of a change to the legislative agenda resulting from the combination of extreme polarization and divided government introduced by the 2010 election. With no incentive to work on normal legislation, the agenda did little but avoid reversion points, like debt ceiling breaches, which the extreme elements in the caucus actually found acceptable. Speaker Boehner was forced to solve a new collective action problem, then, convincing a group of Republicans to join with Democrats on bipartisan deals to avoid these reversion points. While historically unusual, the dynamic is what would be expected from the unified model.
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Pang, Changhyun, Chanseok Lee, Hoon Eui Jeong, and Kahp-Yang Suh. Skin and dry adhesion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0022.

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Close observation of various attachment systems in animal skins has revealed various exquisite multi-scale architectures for essential functions such as locomotion, crawling, mating, and protection from predators. Some of these adhesion systems of geckos and beetles have unique structural features (e.g. high-aspect ratio, tilted angle, and hierarchical nanostructure), resulting in mechanical interlocking mediated by van der Waals forces or liquid secretion (capillary force). In this chapter, we present an overview of recent advances in bio-inspired, artificial dry adhesives, and biomimetics in the context of nanofabrication and material properties. In addition, relevant bio-inspired structural materials, devices (clean transportation device, interlocker, biomedical skin patch, and flexible strain-gauge sensor) and microrobots are briefly introduced, which would shed light on future smart, directional, and reversible adhesion systems.
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Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Electrochemistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0020.

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This chapter explores electrochemistry, from the fundamental observations associated with the Daniel Cell to redox reactions and the Nernst equation. As throughout the book, all the discussions are based on rigorous first principles, with each step carefully explained, and deduced logically from previous material. Topics covered include electrodes and electrode potentials, half-cells and half-cell reactions, electrochemical cells, the electromotive force, standard reversible electrode potentials, oxidising and reducing agents, redox reactions, and the half-cell Nernst equation, and the full reaction Nernst equation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Reversione forche"

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Pham, Chi-Tuong, and Marc Brachet. "Critical dynamics in reversible forced pendulum chains." In Instabilities and Nonequilibrium Structures IX, 101–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0991-1_5.

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Zheng, Gang, Zhe Yang, Rui Cao, Wenhua Zhang, and Haowen Li. "Adaptive Learning Prediction on Rolling Force in the Process of Reversible Cold Rolling Mill." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 66–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33509-9_7.

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Popov, Valentin L. "Adhesion Hysteresis Due to Chemical Heterogeneity." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 473–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_20.

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AbstractAccording the JKR theory of adhesivecontact, changes of the contact configuration after formation of the adhesive neck and before detaching are completely reversible. This means, that after formation of the initial contact, the force-distance dependencies should coincide, independently of the direction of the process (indentation or pull-off). In the majority of real systems, this invariance is not observed. The reasons for this may be either plastic deformation in the contacting bodies or surface roughness. One further mechanism of irreversibility (and corresponding energy dissipation) may be chemical heterogeneity of the contact interface leading to the spatial dependence of the specific work of adhesion. In the present paper, this “chemical” mechanism is analyzed on a simple example of an axisymmetric contact (with axisymmetric heterogeneity). It is shown that in the asymptotic case of a “microscopic heterogeneity”, the system follows, during both indentation and pull-off, JKR curves, however, corresponding to different specific surface energies. After the turning point of the movement, the contact area first does not change and the transition from one JKR curve to the other occurs via a linear dependency of the force on indentation depth. The macroscopic behavior is not sensitive to the absolute and relative widths of the regions with different surface energy but depends mainly on the values of the specific surface energy.
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Martin-Russu, Luana. "Conclusion: Civism Against Cynicism." In Deforming the Reform, 183–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11081-8_6.

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AbstractMartin-Russu’s book explains Romania’s reform reversal in the field of public integrity and the fight against corruption by providing evidence of legislative behaviour at the highest levels of policy-making that shows how a highly fragmented domestic political elite pursues private gains by diluting the legislation in force. Her understanding of Europeanization, modelled as a reversible process highly dependent on the interests pursued by political elites, offers a quite pessimistic prospect for reform. However, Martin-Russu suggests a solution to reform instability, found in the empowerment of sectoral civil society to participate, in one manner or another, in the law-making process. Improving the capacities of civil society to participate more effectively in policy formulation and implementation, she argues, makes democratic consolidation more feasible and allows for genuine Europeanizing reform.Martin-Russu’s book provides a cautionary tale about the naivety of expecting domestic corrupt political elites to lead the fight against corruption, an account of the failure of the EU’s push for reforms to produce genuine and lasting change, and a demonstration of how important it is for the EU to find new ways to support civil society in its member states.
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Mukherjee, Joia S. "Reversing the Tide." In An Introduction to Global Health Delivery, 35–63. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197607251.003.0002.

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The tide turned in public health due to the fight for AIDS treatment access around the world. While prevention, not treatment was the focus of most health interventions in the 20th century, based on this SPHC model, AIDS resulted in a reversal of the gains made in the child survival revolution. Entire communities collapsed under the weight of AIDS which struck down mothers, fathers, teachers, farmer, and health workers. This chapter focuses on the AIDS pandemic, beginning in the 1980s, and traces the global spread of this deadly disease. Importantly, the chapter covers the emergence of the movement of people living with AIDS both in accelerating the discovery of antiretroviral and as a movement that focused the right to health for all. It is the force of this movement that resulted in novel funding of global health.
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Lebovic, James H. "The Afghanistan War, 2001–?" In Planning to Fail, 119–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190935320.003.0004.

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With the September 11, 2001 attack by al-Qaeda terrorists on the World Trade Center, the Bush administration conceded to decisional bias. It committed to Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan without duly assessing the implications of a Taliban defeat or how it might serve the administration’s “global war on terrorism.” Once engaged, the administration defined the US mission in Afghanistan broadly yet remained detached from harsh realities—including Afghan government corruption and ineptitude, finite alliance resources (in the International Security Assistance Force), and a Taliban resurgence—that hampered the achievement of these goals. The Obama administration capped US involvement in pursuing the limited goal of “reversing” the Taliban’s momentum. Although the administration increased US force levels in Afghanistan, it did so modestly and temporarily and then pursued a troop exit despite the country’s ongoing violence and instability. The administration stuck to its plan, slowing, not reversing, the withdrawal as the country’s security conditions worsened.
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Hornborg, Alf. "Reversing the Industrial Revolution." In Sustainability Beyond Technology, 182–97. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864929.003.0008.

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This chapter argues that energy technologies should be understood in terms of asymmetric global resource transfers and environmental load displacements. The fossil fuel technologies inaugurated during the Industrial Revolution and the renewable energy technologies designed to replace them are similarly entangled with such societal asymmetries. Both represent social strategies of time-space appropriation within a highly unequal world-system generated by the polarizing logic of all-purpose money. The dependence of modern technology on asymmetric flows of embodied labour time, land, matter, and energy is effectively obscured in mainstream economics by the exclusive focus on prices and market mechanisms. Given the land-saving logic of the turn to fossil energy, it is pertinent to ask whether a turn to renewables would imply a return of land constraints. To perceive modern technologies simply as politically neutral instruments for harnessing natural forces, disregarding their demands on land and other resources beyond the technological infrastructure itself, is an example of fetishism.
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Camilleri, Michael. "Gastrointestinal Physiologic and Motility Problems in Older Persons: Constipation, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Diverticulosis." In Mayo Clinic Illustrated Textbook of Neurogastroenterology, 321–36. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512104.003.0014.

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Aging affects motor and sensory functions throughout the gut. In the pharynx and esophagus, the changes can result in dysphagia and aspiration. As people age, swallow is slower as a result of abnormalities in the oral phase of swallowing, reduced lingual propulsive force, dry mouth with diminished pharyngeal lubrication, and delayed upper esophageal sphincter opening. Aging also affects functional reserve of the proximal esophagus, anus, and pelvic floor and leads to motility disturbances in older persons, manifesting mainly as high dysphagia, constipation, and fecal incontinence, especially in the presence of prior obstetric damage. Older patients may have reversible, nonmalignant disease and can be restored to health through proper management.
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Gollier, Christian. "A Theory of the Decreasing Term Structure of Discount Rates." In Pricing the Planet's Future. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691148762.003.0008.

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This chapter aims to provide a unified theoretical foundation to the term structure of discount rates. To do this the chapter develops a benchmark model based on two assumptions: individual preferences toward risk, and the nature of the uncertainty over economic growth. Previously, it was shown that constant relative risk aversion, combined with a random walk for the growth of log consumption, yields a flat term structure for efficient discount rates. In this chapter, these two assumptions are relaxed by using a stochastic dominance approach. Stochastic models of economic growth with mean-reversion, Markov switches, and parametric uncertainty all exhibit some forms of positive statistical dependence of successive growth rates. Because this tends to magnify the long-term risk, it is the driving force of the decreasing nature of the term structure.
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Hoddeson, Lillian, and Peter Garrett. "New Beginnings in the Storefront (1960–1964)." In The Man Who Saw Tomorrow, 93–120. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262037532.003.0006.

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In late 1959, Iris was at last able to join Ovshinsky in Detroit, and they began creating a new family with her two young children and his three sons. This was also a new beginning in Ovshinsky’s inventive career, as he and Iris started their novel company, Energy Conversion Laboratory. Here, in a modest storefront, Ovshinsky made his most important discovery: a threshold switch composed of amorphous chalcogenide materials. The threshold switch’s almost instantaneous and reversible action, something previously considered impossible, as well as its capacity to handle large AC currents, distinguished it from crystalline semiconductor devices like the transistor. Such switching, now known as “the Ovshinsky effect,” was a radically new phenomenon that would force a paradigm shift in condensed matter physics. A slightly different material composition yielded the memory switch, the basis of phase-change memory.
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Conference papers on the topic "Reversione forche"

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Zhu, Muzhi, and Shengdun Zhao. "Dynamic Simulation of a Direct Drive Reversing Valve Based on the Hydraulic Die Forging Hammer." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66024.

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The direct drive reversing valve is designed in this paper to replace the main reversing valve of the hydraulic die forging hammer system, and a new drive method based on TPMLM (tubular permanent magnet linear motor) is suggested. To verify the feasibility of the drive method, the fluid force suffered by valve core is calculated by using control volume method. After that, force analysis is carried out on the valve core. Based on FLUENT, the flow field analysis inside the valve is conducted. And then theoretical calculation and simulation on the fluid force analysis are discussed. TPMLM (tubular permanent magnet linear motor) is selected as the driving device and it is analyzed by Maxwell 2D. The simulation results of TPMLM show that the magnetic flux density, back electromotive force and output force satisfy the requirement of the reversing valve.
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Tan, Qiyan, Weichuan Guo, Gutian Zhao, Yajing Kan, Yinghua Qiu, and Yunfei Chen. "Charge Inversion of Mica Surface in Multivalent Electrolytes." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62356.

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Interaction between solid surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions is of great importance to many diverse domains, such as bioMEMS, nanofluidics, colloid science, polymer physics, and molecular biophysics. Several counterintuitive phenomena occur at high concentrations of multivalent ions. In this article, charge reversion, the sign reversal of the effective surface charge in the presence of multivalent counterions, is directly observed through the force between two mica surfaces in aqueous solutions of trivalent cations by surface forces measurements. The effective surface potential functioned with bulk concentration is calculated from an analytical model based on ion correlations. The obtained force profiles can be described by the analytical model when ion correlations effects are taken into account, while Poisson-Boltzmann theory fails. It reveals that ion correlations are important for screening charged surface in the presence of multivalent counterions.
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Petrovič, Aleks, Mihael Janežič, and Vito Tič. "Force control on direct driven servo hydraulic actuator." In International conference Fluid Power 2021. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-513-9.16.

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Direct Driven Servo Hydraulic Actuator also known as Pump Direct Driven Cylinder (PDDC) represents a decentralized modern concept of energy efficient cylinder control without damping loses of direction valves. Such systems have many advantages over conventional hydraulic systems and combine benefits of hydraulic and electric drives. PDDC system developed in Laboratory for Oil Hydraulics at University of Maribor consists of hydro motor, which is used as a reversible pump that is directly driven by servomotor and is designed for experimental testing with differential hydraulic cylinder. In this paper, the aforementioned system runs experimental setup for force control of hydraulic cylinder, with load produced by pneumatic bellow.
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Bernard, Brian P., and Kim Arvidsson. "Reversible Passive Bandgap Reconfiguration Using an Excitation Dependent On-Site Restoring Force." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46805.

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By applying an excitation dependent, on-site restoring force to oscillators in a uniform one-dimensional chain with nearest neighbor coupling, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of reversible passive bandgap reconfiguration. Waveguide devices are most commonly tuned using active controls, component replacement, or by manually varying design parameters. Recent studies on wave propagation have pursued passive controls, where high amplitude environmental excitation triggers a potential well escape in an asymmetric, bi-stable system, automatically changing its linear spectra without user interaction. Current designs, however, do not return to their initial state upon later excitation amplitude reduction, instead requiring manual reset for continued operation. In order to allow fully autonomous function, a passively reconfigurable system must also be designed to return to its low amplitude state after environmental excitation amplitude decreases. This paper proposes a system in which reversible bifurcations are observed by introducing an excitation dependent on-site stiffness. Instead of a fixed, bi-stable potential energy curve, the oscillators have a single mono-stable curve at low energy levels and a different mono-stable curve with its own distinct linear spectrum at high energy levels. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate system transitions from propagation zone to attenuation zone behavior, and back, when subjected to increasing and decreasing excitation amplitudes.
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Harling, Mitchell, Varun Kelkar, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Mbaye Diouf, Ayman F. Abouraddy, and Kimani C. Toussaint. "A Reversible Optical-coherence Converter." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2022.jw4a.7.

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We demonstrate here that entropy, or random fluctuations, in an optical degree of freedom (DoF) can be reversibly swapped between different DoFs, such that coherence is converted back and forth between them without loss of energy.
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Furgiuele, Franco, Carmine Maletta, and Emanuele Sgambitterra. "Force-Deflection Characteristics of SMA-Based Belleville Springs." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8203.

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The thermo-mechanical properties of Nickel-Titanium based Belleville washers have been analyzed by numerical simulations. In fact, these components exhibit unique mechanical and functional features due to the reversible stress-induced and/or thermally-induced phase transition mechanism of NiTi alloys. The numerical simulations have been carried out by using a commercial finite element software code and a special constitutive model for SMAs. The effects of the geometrical configuration of the washers as well as of the operating temperature, under fully austenitic conditions, have been analyzed. The results highlighted a marked hysteretic response, in terms of force-deflection curve, due to the hysteresis in the stress-strain behavior of NiTi alloys. In addition, a marked influence of the geometry, as well as of the temperature, has been observed on the thermo-mechanical response of the washer, i.e. in terms of both mechanical and functional properties.
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Hays, Michael R., Hongbo Wang, and William S. Oates. "Force Characterization of Hygroscopic Liquid Crystal Elastomers." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3690.

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The actuation forces of a hydrophilic liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) in response to water vapor was tested and modeled. These materials exhibit asymmetric swelling as water vapor is absorbed into one side of the elastomer film. This gives rise to deflection away from the water source. Deformation due to water vapor has shown to be on the order of seconds and is reversible which provides unique sensing and actuation characteristics for elastomer films. The constitutive behavior is modeled by using nonlinear continuum mechanics to predict internal changes in density of the liquid crystal elastomer and subsequent deformation by correlating moisture exposure with changes in the elastomer’s density. In order to compare the model and obtain a set material parameters, a micro-Newton measuring device was designed and tested to quantify the forces generated in the liquid crystal elastomer under bending. Forces ranging between 1 to 8 μN were measured as a function of the location of the water vapor source. The results provide important insight into chemical force response and sensing for a number of biomedical and microfluidic applications.
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Zhang, Haipeng, Carson Emeigh, Stephen Brooks, Timothy Wei, Sangjin Ryu, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, and Xiang-der Liu. "Fabrication of a Multi-Well Plate Channel Device With Reversible Seals." In ASME 2022 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2022-87923.

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Abstract Mechanical forces acting on cells have been recognized as an important aspect of cells’ environment because cells adjust their cellular functions in response to such forces, including fluid shear force. For studying such mechanobiological responses of cells, multi-well plate microchannel devices have been used to apply flow shear stress on a cell culture for a long duration. The device includes microfluidic channels attached to the bottom of a conventional multiple-well plate. Such readily available multi-well plate channel devices are costly, and they allow neither direct access to cells cultured in the channel nor easy modification of the device. In this paper, we propose an easy-to-adopt, cost effective fabrication method for a multi-well plate channel device with reversible seals. This device consisted of two modules. For the top module, a conventional 24-well plate was modified as the base. An inlet/outlet layer and a channel layer were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and soft lithography, and they were permanently bonded to the bottom of the plate. The bottom module was a detachable flow chamber layer made with Ecoflex, PDMS, and transparent film using soft lithography. Since Ecoflex can form weak bonding to PDMS, the flow chamber layer could be easily attached to, and then detached from, the PDMS layer of the top module. As a proof-of-concept, we fabricated a prototype device and tested it by flowing dyed water through the device. No leaking was observed. Then, the device was disassembled and then reassembled for further testing. The weak bonding between Ecoflex and PDMS could create leak-free, reversible seals for the device. The proposed method has the following advantages. First, fabrication of the device is cost-effective because it can be easily created using common lab instruments and inexpensive materials. Second, the proposed method allows easy modification of the channel design. Last, the reversible seal between the two modules allows direct access to a cell culture for further analysis of the sample after flow stimulation.
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Rodriguez, Marita L., Charles E. Murry, and Nathan J. Sniadecki. "Assessment of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Contractility Using Micropost Arrays." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14640.

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Cardiovascular stem cell therapies have shown increasing promise as a potential therapeutic means for reversing the effects of a myocardial infarction [1]. Out of the currently available sources of human stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are very promising in that: the number of cell lines that can be induced to the pluripotent state is extremely vast, they serve as a potential source for patient-specific cardiomyocytes, and their use is non-controversial. However, before they can be used feasibly in a clinical setting, the functional engraftment of these cells into the host tissue must be improved [2]. It is hypothesized that the structural and functional maturity of the stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes prior to implantation, may significantly affect the ability of these cells to engraft with resident heart tissue [3]. One of the most important functional characteristics of a cardiomyocyte is its ability to produce contractile forces. However, assessing the contractile properties of single iPS-CMs is a difficult task. iPS-CMs generally have relatively unorganized cytoskeletons, with stress fibers in multiple directions. This trait renders one or two-point force assays ineffectual in determining total cell forces. Furthermore, iPS-CMs don’t spread well on tissue culture surfaces, which make two-dimensional force measurements almost impossible.
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Faidley, LeAnn E., Marcelo J. Dapino, and Gregory N. Washington. "Strain Model for Ni-Mn-Ga With Collinear Field and Stress." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79092.

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Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys in the Ni-Mn-Ga system exhibit large reversible deformations of up to 9.5% in response to magnetic fields. Prior experimental measurements by the authors demonstrated large reversible strains of −0.41% along the [001] crystal direction of a cylindrical Ni50Mn28.7Ga21.3 rod driven with a magnetic field along the same direction and no external restoring force. This represents an unusual configuration which can lead to solenoid transducers with enhanced energy density and bandwidth relative to standard electromagnet devices. The paper builds on a previous thermodynamic framework which accurately quantifies several reversible and irreversible effects in the polarization of ferroic materials. The switching between two variant orientations in the presence of Zeeman energy and pinning energy is formulated through a Gibbs energy functional for the crystal lattice. The presence of nonhomogeneous local interaction fields, nonhomogeneous pinning distributions, and complex crystallographic features in real Ni-Mn-Ga alloys is addressed through stochastic homogenization techniques. Attributes of the model are illustrated through comparison of model results with experimental data.
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Reports on the topic "Reversione forche"

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EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF RING-BEAM CONNECTION TO GANGUE CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBULAR COLUMNS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.9.

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This paper presents an investigation on seismic performance of a ring-beam connection that is used to connect reinforced gangue concrete (RGC) beam to coal-gangue concrete-filled steel tubular (GCFST) column. Two specimens, including an interior connection with two beams and an exterior connection with one beam, were designed and fabricated for experimental tests under full-reversing cyclic loads at beam ends. In addition, finite element models which corresponded to tested specimens were developed using ABAQUS to conduct numerical simulations of the composite connection subjected to the combined axial and cyclic loads. The feasibility of the developed model to predict failure modes and load-deformation response of the connection was validated by comparing with test results. The response of the ring-beam connection to cyclic loads was examined with respects to the load-bearing capacity, deformation resistance, stiffness and strength degradation, ability to dissipate energy in a seismic event, and ductility. With numerical models, parametric analysis was completed to evaluate the influences of material and structural parameters on connection resistance against cyclic loads. Based on the results of parametric studies, a restoring force model of skeleton curve for the ring-beam connection was developed in terms of ultimate capacity and corresponding deformation. The results provided practical suggestions for the application of ring-beam connection to GCFST column in the projects.
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