Journal articles: 'Reverse fork'

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García-Rodríguez, Fernando M., José L. Neira, Marco Marcia, María D. Molina-Sánchez, and Nicolás Toro. "A group II intron-encoded protein interacts with the cellular replicative machinery through the β-sliding clamp." Nucleic Acids Research 47, no. 14 (May 25, 2019): 7605–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz468.

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Abstract Group II introns are self-splicing mobile genetic retroelements. The spliced intron RNA and the intron-encoded protein (IEP) form ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) that recognize and invade specific DNA target sites. The IEP is a reverse transcriptase/maturase that may bear a C-terminal endonuclease domain enabling the RNP to cleave the target DNA strand to prime reverse transcription. However, some mobile introns, such as RmInt1, lack the En domain but nevertheless retrohome efficiently to transient single-stranded DNA target sites at a DNA replication fork. Their mobility is associated with host DNA replication, and they use the nascent lagging strand as a primer for reverse transcription. We searched for proteins that interact with RmInt1 RNPs and direct these RNPs to the DNA replication fork. Co-immunoprecipitation assays suggested that DnaN (the β-sliding clamp), a component of DNA polymerase III, interacts with the protein component of the RmInt1 RNP. Pulldown assays, far-western blots and biolayer interferometry supported this interaction. Peptide binding assays also identified a putative DnaN-interacting motif in the RmInt1 IEP structurally conserved in group II intron IEPs. Our results suggest that intron RNP interacts with the β-sliding clamp of the DNA replication machinery, favouring reverse splicing into the transient ssDNA at DNA replication forks.

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Abdelfatah, Mohamed M., Ahmed Hamed, Nicholas J. Koutlas, and F. Zahra Aly. "The diagnostic and cellularity yield of reverse bevel versus fork-tip fine needle biopsy." Diagnostic Cytopathology 46, no. 8 (May 7, 2018): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dc.23966.

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Lageson, David. "Structural History of the Buffalo Fork Fault and Ancestral Washakie Range, Wyoming." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 12 (January 1, 1988): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1988.2713.

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The Buffalo Fork fault is an east-dipping, north-trending reverse\thrust fault which lies along the west side of the Washakie Range in northwestern Wyoming (Love, 1975). This fault was active during the Laramide Orogeny (60-55 million years ago), during which time it uplifted the Ancestral Washakie Range. The purpose of this on-going research project is to determine the displacement vector of the Buffalo Fork fault and to relate this to the regional kinematic pattern of Laramide deformation in northwestern Wyoming. Previous field work by the author (Lageson, 1987) has shown that other Laramide faults in northwestern Wyoming experienced significant components of oblique-slip, depending on their orientation. If a regional pattern of displacement can be determined from several faults, then it may be possible to reconstruct the crustal stress field during the Laramide Orogeny. This study of the Buffalo Fork fault is one step toward this greater goal.

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Jeffrey, Hubers, Eric M. Nelsen, Thomas J. Holobyn, Deepak V. Gopal, Patrick R. Pfau, and Mark E. Benson. "Performance of a Fork Tipped Needle versus Reverse Bevel Needle in EUS-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy." American Journal of Gastroenterology 112 (October 2017): S461—S462. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/00000434-201710001-00825.

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Blastyák, András, Ildikó Hajdú, Ildikó Unk, and Lajos Haracska. "Role of Double-Stranded DNA Translocase Activity of Human HLTF in Replication of Damaged DNA." Molecular and Cellular Biology 30, no. 3 (November 30, 2009): 684–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00863-09.

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ABSTRACT Unrepaired DNA lesions can block the progression of the replication fork, leading to genomic instability and cancer in higher-order eukaryotes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, replication through DNA lesions can be mediated by translesion synthesis DNA polymerases, leading to error-free or error-prone damage bypass, or by Rad5-mediated template switching to the sister chromatid that is inherently error free. While translesion synthesis pathways are highly conserved from yeast to humans, very little is known of a Rad5-like pathway in human cells. Here we show that a human homologue of Rad5, HLTF, can facilitate fork regression and has a role in replication of damaged DNA. We found that HLTF is able to reverse model replication forks, a process which depends on its double-stranded DNA translocase activity. Furthermore, from analysis of isolated dually labeled chromosomal fibers, we demonstrate that in vivo, HLTF promotes the restart of replication forks blocked at DNA lesions. These findings suggest that HLTF can promote error-free replication of damaged DNA and support a role for HLTF in preventing mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, providing thereby for its potential tumor suppressor role.

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Millet, Jeanne, and André Bouchard. "Architecture of silver maple and its response to pruning near the power distribution network." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 726–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-206.

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The architectural analysis of silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) in natural environments has revealed the sympodial nature of its growth, the three levels of organization that govern the development of its stems through an alternation of organization plans (hierarchic and polyarchic), as well as the characteristic traits of the three architectural units involved and of the four categories of differentiated axes. The growth responses of silver maple alongside streets were analyzed in four pruning contexts associated with tree position relative to the wires of the power distribution network. Data reveal that with increasing pruning pressure, the percentage of the crown composed of suckers becomes higher, as does their growth rate, indicating a greater disorganization of the structure of the crown. Silver maple is naturally capable of developing a low fork with limbs that have hierarchic development. However, the pruning has promoted the reverse, which is the appearance of a high fork and, after repeated prunings, a more polyarchic development of the crown, increasing the threat that trees represent for wires.

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Meza, J. A. Morán, J. Polesel-Maris, C. Lubin, F. Thoyer, A. Makky, A. Ouerghi, and J. Cousty. "Reverse electrochemical etching method for fabricating ultra-sharp platinum/iridium tips for combined scanning tunneling microscope/atomic force microscope based on a quartz tuning fork." Current Applied Physics 15, no. 9 (September 2015): 1015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2015.05.015.

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Bansod, Shephali, Navneet Bung, Priyanka Singh, Niranjan Suthram, Himashree Choudhury, Arijit Roy, Gopalakrishnan Bulusu, and Sunanda Bhattacharyya. "Elucidation of an essential function of the unique charged domain of Plasmodium topoisomerase III." Biochemical Journal 477, no. 24 (December 24, 2020): 4745–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20200318.

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Topoisomerase III (TopoIII) along with RecQ helicases are required for the resolution of abnormal DNA structures that result from the stalling of replication forks. Sequence analyses have identified a putative TopoIII in the Plasmodium falciparum genome (PfTopoIII). PfTopoIII shows dual nuclear and mitochondrial localization. The expression and association of PfTopoIII with mtDNA are tightly linked to the asexual replication of the parasite. In this study, we observed that PfTopoIII physically interacts with PfBlm and PfWrn. Sequence alignment and domain analyses have revealed that it contains a unique positively charged region, spanning 85 amino acids, within domain II. A molecular dynamics simulation study revealed that this unstructured domain communicates with DNA and attains a thermodynamically stable state upon DNA binding. Here, we found that the association between PfTopoIII and the mitochondrial genome is negatively affected by the absence of the charged domain. Our study shows that PfTOPOIII can completely rescue the slow growth phenotype of the ΔtopoIII strain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but neither PfY421FtopoIII (catalytic-active site mutant) nor Pf(Δ259–337)topoIII (charged region deletion mutant) can functionally complement ScTOPOIII. Hydroxyurea (HU) led to stalling of the replication fork during the S phase, caused moderate toxicity to the growth of P. falciparum, and was associated with concomitant transcriptional up-regulation of PfTOPOIII. In addition, ectopic expression of PfTOPOIII reversed HU-induced toxicity. Interestingly, the expression of Pf(Δ259–337)topoIII failed to reverse HU-mediated toxicity. Taken together, our results establish the importance of TopoIII during Plasmodium replication and emphasize the essential requirement of the charged domain in PfTopoIII function.

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Torikai, T., H. Naganishi, T. Satake, K. Arimura, T. Hirakawa, and T. Kijima. "One-Stage Repair of Binderoid Complete Cleft Lip/Palate Including Primary Aveolar Bone Grafting Followed by Secondary Nasal Repair Using Costal Cartilage and Reverse Fork Flap." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 128 (October 2011): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000406331.32167.de.

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Palecek, Jan. "SMC5/6: Multifunctional Player in Replication." Genes 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10010007.

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The genome replication process is challenged at many levels. Replication must proceed through different problematic sites and obstacles, some of which can pause or even reverse the replication fork (RF). In addition, replication of DNA within chromosomes must deal with their topological constraints and spatial organization. One of the most important factors organizing DNA into higher-order structures are Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) complexes. In prokaryotes, SMC complexes ensure proper chromosomal partitioning during replication. In eukaryotes, cohesin and SMC5/6 complexes assist in replication. Interestingly, the SMC5/6 complexes seem to be involved in replication in many ways. They stabilize stalled RFs, restrain RF regression, participate in the restart of collapsed RFs, and buffer topological constraints during RF progression. In this (mini) review, I present an overview of these replication-related functions of SMC5/6.

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Haig, Adam, Andrew St John, Kasturi A. Vaska, Xuan Bahn, and Alexander Huelsen. "ID: 3526647 NO DIFFERENCE IN DIAGNOSTIC YIELD BETWEEN 25-GAUGE FRANSEEN, FORK-TIP AND REVERSE-BEVEL NEEDLES IN EUS-GUIDED TISSUE ACQUISITION: A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDY WITH A RETROSPECTIVE CONTROL." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 93, no. 6 (June 2021): AB216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2021.03.480.

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Hiko, Adem, Herlinde Irsigler, Gobena Ameni, Karl-Hans Zessin, and Reinhard Fries. "Salmonella serovars along two beef chains in Ethiopia." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 10, no. 11 (November 24, 2016): 1168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.6354.

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Introduction: Salmonella has been reported from foods and the food production environment, with outbreaks occurring in the human population worldwide. Methodology: A survey on Salmonella in two beef production lines (a beef abattoir line and a processing line) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was conducted, with a total of 668 various samples randomly collected from animal-related materials, the environment, and a beef product (mortadella). Results: Overall, a 12.9% prevalence (26.3% from the abattoir line, 5.3% from the processing plant line) was observed. The prevalence in the abattoir line environment (36.6%) was higher than that in animal-related samples (14.7%); the reverse was true for the processing plant line. Out of 86 isolates, 10 serovars were identified, and 8 remained unidentified. The predominant serotypes were S. Saintpaul (32.5%), S. Muenchen (19.8%), and S. Larochelle (12.8%). S. Kastrup and S. London were isolated for the first time in Ethiopia. Conclusions: Data indicate open ports of entry for Salmonella, with possible transfer along the line. Further investigations from farm to fork are recommended in order to identify these positions of entry.

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Lin, Tien-Huang, Su-Hua Huang, Chien-Chen Wu, Hsin-Ho Liu, Tzyy-Rong Jinn, Yeh Chen, and Ching-Ting Lin. "Inhibition ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeGrowth and Capsular Polysaccharide Biosynthesis byFructus mume." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/621701.

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Klebsiella pneumoniaeis the predominant pathogen isolated from liver abscess of diabetic patients in Asian countries. With the spread of multiple-drug-resistantK. pneumoniae, there is an increasing need for the development of alternative bactericides and approaches to block the production of bacterial virulence factors. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS), especially from the K1 and K2 serotypes, is considered the major determinant forK. pneumoniaevirulence. We found that extracts of the traditional Chinese medicineFructus mumeinhibited the growth ofK. pneumoniaestrains of both serotypes. Furthermore,Fructus mumedecreased the mucoviscosity, and the CPS produced in a dose-dependent manner, thus reducing bacterial resistance to serum killing. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses showed thatFructus mumedownregulated the mRNA levels ofcpsbiosynthesis genes in both serotypes, possibly by increasing the intracellular iron concentration inK. pneumoniae. Moreover, citric acid, a major organic acid inFructus mumeextracts, was found to have an inhibitory effect on growth and CPS biosynthesis inK. pneumoniae. Taken together, our results indicate thatFructus mumenot only possesses antibacterial activity against highly virulentK. pneumoniaestrains but also inhibits bacterial CPS biosynthesis, thereby facilitating pathogen clearance by the host immune system.

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Duguet, M. "When helicase and topoisomerase meet!" Journal of Cell Science 110, no. 12 (June 15, 1997): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.110.12.1345.

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Several examples of direct interactions between helicases and topoisomerases have recently been described. The data suggest a possible cooperation between these enzymes in major DNA events such as the progression of a replication fork, segregation of newly replicated chromosomes, disruption of nucleosomal structure, DNA supercoiling, and finally recombination, repair, and genomic stability. A first example is the finding of a strong interaction between T antigen and topoisomerase I in mammalian cells, that may trigger unwinding of the parental DNA strands at the replication forks of Simian Virus 40. A second example is the reverse gyrase from thermophilic prokaryotes, composed of a putative helicase domain, and a topoisomerase domain in the same polypeptide. This enzyme may be required to maintain genomic stability at high temperature. A third example is the finding of an interaction between type II topoisomerase and the helicase Sgs1 in yeast. This interaction possibly allows the faithful segregation of newly replicated chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. A fourth example is the interaction between the same helicase Sgs1 and topoisomerase III in yeast, that may control recombination level and genetic stability of repetitive sequences. Recently, in humans, mutations in genes similar to Sgs1 have been found to be responsible for Bloom's and Werner's syndromes. The cooperation between helicases and topoisomerases is likely to be extended to many aspects of DNA mechanisms including chromatin condensation/decondensation.

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Sharkov, Ivan Vladimirovich. "Protocol automata recovery method using binary code." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 34, no. 5 (2022): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2022-34(5)-3.

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Security analysis of network programs includes set of reverse engineering tasks of network protocols. Data formats restoring and implemented protocol automaton are the previous task issues. Unlike quite researched problem of formats restoring where there are lots of scientist’s papers, finding out the protocol's automaton program implementation looks like terra incognita and the cornerstone is a protocol state description currently undefined. There are two general ways to retrieve the implemented protocol automaton: an analysis of the network traces and looking into binary trace of the target application. This article offers a second one method. The first aim of the paper is the way to describe a mathematical model of a protocol automaton and a method for projecting it onto an executing application binary code. The second is concept of the protocol state definition and a principle to detect the states transitions based on some "global" binary trace objects, are described. Thirdly, there is suggested a protocol automaton precising manner by in-memory fuzzing based on a "floating" fork-server to manage states transitions. Finally, developed toolset's scheme and experiments on its using with a real VPN client, are shown.

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Ngoi, Natalie YL, Vignesh Sundararajan, and David SP Tan. "Exploiting replicative stress in gynecological cancers as a therapeutic strategy." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 30, no. 8 (June 22, 2020): 1224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-001277.

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Elevated levels of replicative stress in gynecological cancers arising from uncontrolled oncogenic activation, loss of key tumor suppressors, and frequent defects in the DNA repair machinery are an intrinsic vulnerability for therapeutic exploitation. The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. Strategies that increase replicative stress while lowering cell cycle checkpoint thresholds may allow unrepaired DNA damage to be inappropriately carried forward in replicating cells, leading to mitotic catastrophe and cell death. Moreover, the identification of fork protection as a key mechanism of resistance to chemo- and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor therapy in ovarian cancer further increases the priority that should be accorded to the development of strategies targeting replicative stress. Small molecule inhibitors designed to target the DNA damage sensors, such as inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), ATR, CHK1 and WEE1, impair smooth cell cycle modulation and disrupt efficient DNA repair, or a combination of the above, have demonstrated interesting monotherapy and combinatorial activity, including the potential to reverse drug resistance and have entered developmental pipelines. Yet unresolved challenges lie in balancing the toxicity profile of these drugs in order to achieve a suitable therapeutic index while maintaining clinical efficacy, and selective biomarkers are urgently required. Here we describe the premise for targeting of replicative stress in gynecological cancers and discuss the clinical advancement of this strategy.

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Tang, Mengfan, Guangsheng Pei, Dan Su, Chao Wang, Xu Feng, Mrinal Srivastava, Zhen Chen, Zhongming Zhao, and Junjie Chen. "Genome-wide CRISPR screens reveal cyclin C as synthetic survival target of BRCA2." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 7476–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab540.

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Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi)-based therapies initially reduce tumor burden but eventually lead to acquired resistance in cancer patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. To understand the potential PARPi resistance mechanisms, we performed whole-genome CRISPR screens to discover genetic alterations that change the gene essentiality in cells with inducible depletion of BRCA2. We identified that several RNA Polymerase II transcription Mediator complex components, especially Cyclin C (CCNC) as synthetic survival targets upon BRCA2 loss. Total mRNA sequencing demonstrated that loss of CCNC could activate the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction pathway, however the inhibition of these pathways could not reverse cell survival in BRCA2 depleted CCNC-knockout cells, indicating that the activation of these pathways is not required for the resistance. Moreover, we showed that the improved survival is not due to restoration of homologous recombination repair although decreased DNA damage signaling was observed. Interestingly, loss of CCNC could restore replication fork stability in BRCA2 deficient cells, which may contribute to PARPi resistance. Taken together, our data reveal CCNC as a critical genetic determinant upon BRCA2 loss of function, which may help the development of novel therapeutic strategies that overcome PARPi resistance.

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You, Guoling, Kun Chi, Yeling Lu, Qiulan Ding, Jing Dai, Xiaodong Xi, Hongli Wang, and Xuefeng Wang. "Identification and characterisation of a novel aberrant pattern of intron 1 inversion with concomitant large insertion and deletion within the F8 gene." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 112, no. 08 (2014): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th13-10-0892.

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SummaryIntron 1 inversion (Inv1) is a recurrent causative mutation of haemophilia A (HA) and is responsible for 1–5% of severe HA. Inv1 occurs as a result of intra-chromosomal homologous recombination between int1h-1 within intron 1 and int1h-2 located in approximately 125 kb telomeric to the F8 gene. In this report, we presented a previously undescribed aberrant type of Inv1 with complex genomic rearrangement in a pedigree with severe HA. The breakpoints of the rearrangement were identified by the genome walking technique; copy number variations (CNVs) of the F8 gene and X chromosome were detected by AccuCopy technique, Affymetrix CytoScan HD CNV assay and quantitative PCR (qPCR); the F8 transcripts related to the aberrant Inv1 were analysed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). We have characterised the exact breakpoints of the complex rearrangement, and determined the location and size of the insertion and deletion. The rearrangements can be summarised as an aberrant pattern of Inv1 with a deletion of 2.56 kb and a duplication of 227.3 kb inserted in the rejoining junction within the F8 gene. Our results suggested that this complex genomic rearrangement was generated by two distinct repair mechanisms of fork stalling and template switching/microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (FoSTeS/MMBIR) and nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR).

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Yildirim, Unal, and Felician Campean. "Functional modelling of complex multi-disciplinary systems using the enhanced sequence diagram." Research in Engineering Design 31, no. 4 (July 10, 2020): 429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00163-020-00343-8.

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Abstract This paper introduces an Enhanced Sequence Diagram (ESD) as the basis for a structured framework for the functional analysis of complex multidisciplinary systems. The ESD extends the conventional sequence diagrams (SD) by introducing a rigorous functional flow-based modelling schemata to provide an enhanced basis for model-based functional requirements and architecture analysis in the early systems design stages. The proposed ESD heuristics include the representation of transactional and transformative functions required to deliver the use case sequence, and fork and join nodes to facilitate analysis of combining and bifurcating operations on flows. A case study of a personal mobility device is used to illustrate the deployment of the ESD methodology in relation to three common product development scenarios: (i) reverse engineering, (ii) the introduction of a specific technology to an existent system; and (iii) the introduction of a new feature as user-centric innovation for an existing system, at a logical design level, without reference to any solution. The case study analysis provides further insights into the effectiveness of the ESD to support function modelling and functional requirements capture, and architecture development. The significance of this paper is that it establishes a rigorous ESD-based functional analysis methodology to guide the practitioner with its deployment, facilitating its impact to both the engineering design and systems engineering communities, as well as the design practice in the industry.

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Bennett, L. G., A. M. Wilkie, E. Antonopoulou, I. Ceppi, A. Sanchez, E. G. Vernon, A. Gamble, et al. "MRNIP is a replication fork protection factor." Science Advances 6, no. 28 (July 2020): eaba5974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba5974.

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The remodeling of stalled replication forks to form four-way DNA junctions is an important component of the replication stress response. Nascent DNA at the regressed arms of these reversed forks is protected by RAD51 and the tumor suppressors BRCA1/2, and when this function is compromised, stalled forks undergo pathological MRE11-dependent degradation, leading to chromosomal instability. However, the mechanisms regulating MRE11 functions at reversed forks are currently unclear. Here, we identify the MRE11-binding protein MRNIP as a novel fork protection factor that directly binds to MRE11 and specifically represses its exonuclease activity. The loss of MRNIP results in impaired replication fork progression, MRE11 exonuclease–dependent degradation of reversed forks, persistence of underreplicated genomic regions, chemosensitivity, and chromosome instability. Our findings identify MRNIP as a novel regulator of MRE11 at reversed forks and provide evidence that regulation of specific MRE11 nuclease activities ensures protection of nascent DNA and thereby genome integrity.

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Thakar, Tanay, and George-Lucian Moldovan. "The emerging determinants of replication fork stability." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 13 (May 12, 2021): 7224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab344.

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Abstract A universal response to replication stress is replication fork reversal, where the nascent complementary DNA strands are annealed to form a protective four-way junction allowing forks to avert DNA damage while replication stress is resolved. However, reversed forks are in turn susceptible to nucleolytic digestion of the regressed nascent DNA arms and rely on dedicated mechanisms to protect their integrity. The most well studied fork protection mechanism involves the BRCA pathway and its ability to catalyze RAD51 nucleofilament formation on the reversed arms of stalled replication forks. Importantly, the inability to prevent the degradation of reversed forks has emerged as a hallmark of BRCA deficiency and underlies genome instability and chemosensitivity in BRCA-deficient cells. In the past decade, multiple factors underlying fork stability have been discovered. These factors either cooperate with the BRCA pathway, operate independently from it to augment fork stability in its absence, or act as enablers of fork degradation. In this review, we examine these novel determinants of fork stability, explore the emergent conceptual underpinnings underlying fork protection, as well as the impact of fork protection on cellular viability and cancer therapy.

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Oppong, Kofi W., Pardeep Maheshwari, Manu K. Nayar, Antony Darne, Daniel Parkinson, John S. Leeds, and Beate Haugk. "Utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy in the diagnosis of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): E1855—E1861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1236-3266.

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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) performs poorly in the histological diagnosis of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). The aim of this study was to assess the performance of fine-needle biopsy (FNB) comparing reverse bevel (RB) and fork-tip (FT) needles. Patients and methods A retrospective study of prospectively maintained databases was performed. Patients with a final diagnosis of type 1 AIP who underwent EUS-FNB during diagnostic workup were included. Pathology reports were reviewed and classified as per international consensus diagnostic criteria (ICDC). The Primary outcome was EUS-FNB sensitivity in diagnosing type 1 AIP. Results Between March 2011 and December 2018, 24 patients with a final diagnosis of type 1 AIP underwent FNB. Six patients underwent biopsy with the RB needle and 18 with the FT needle. Mean age (± SD) 62.2 (± 11.4), 17 (70.8 %) male. No RB samples were diagnostic compared to 14 (78 %) FT; P = 0.001; of which 13 (72 %) were level 1. In eight (44 %) of FT cases a diagnosis was not possible without histology. Initial biopsy was diagnostic in five (62.5 %) of these cases. Including repeat biopsy, seven (87 %) had a diagnosis made by FT needle. Obliterative phlebitis (44 %) was the least frequently identified pathological feature and immunoglobulin (IgG)4 + plasma cells > 10 per high power field (78 %) the most common. Conclusion The FT needle demonstrated good performance for diagnosing type 1 AIP. The results support the preferential use of this core biopsy needle for EUS pancreatic tissue sampling.

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Torres, Rubén, Carolina Gándara, Begoña Carrasco, Ignacio Baquedano, Silvia Ayora, and Juan C. Alonso. "DisA Limits RecG Activities at Stalled or Reversed Replication Forks." Cells 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2021): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10061357.

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The DNA damage checkpoint protein DisA and the branch migration translocase RecG are implicated in the preservation of genome integrity in reviving haploid Bacillus subtilis spores. DisA synthesizes the essential cyclic 3′, 5′-diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) second messenger and such synthesis is suppressed upon replication perturbation. In vitro, c-di-AMP synthesis is suppressed when DisA binds DNA structures that mimic stalled or reversed forks (gapped forks or Holliday junctions [HJ]). RecG, which does not form a stable complex with DisA, unwinds branched intermediates, and in the presence of a limiting ATP concentration and HJ DNA, it blocks DisA-mediated c-di-AMP synthesis. DisA pre-bound to a stalled or reversed fork limits RecG-mediated ATP hydrolysis and DNA unwinding, but not if RecG is pre-bound to stalled or reversed forks. We propose that RecG-mediated fork remodeling is a genuine in vivo activity, and that DisA, as a molecular switch, limits RecG-mediated fork reversal and fork restoration. DisA and RecG might provide more time to process perturbed forks, avoiding genome breakage.

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Kovalenko, Igor, and Vitaliy Kuprin. "Emulsifier development for high-concentrated reverse emulsions." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet. Pratsi, no. 1 (April 27, 2016): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.48.2016.13.

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Bogataj, David, Domen Hudoklin, Marija Bogataj, Vlado Dimovski, and Simon Colnar. "Risk Mitigation in a Meat Supply Chain with Options of Redirection." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 8690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208690.

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The aim of this paper is to present how a higher income can be achieved by developing a broader and more accurate planning framework and control perishability from stable to fork if it is possible to redirect the shipments in the case of increasing perishability dynamics or longer time delays on the roads. It also gives the answer to the question of how such a Supply Chain (SC) can be evaluated using Net Present Value (NPV) approach. The procedures include a real-time calculation and communication about the remaining shelf life (RSL) during transportation and other logistic manipulations from one chain node to another if the time to exceed the contractually stipulated Customer Remaining Shelf Life (CRSL) is distributed by known distribution. Planning and control on the skeleton of the extended material requirements planning (MRP) model are advised, where time delays and their impact on the CRSL can be easily calculated. The changes in the NPV at contractually stipulated CRSL are calculated dynamically in real-time. Smart devices, tracking temperature, humidity, and gas concentration enable such reports immediately after detecting a high probability that CRSL, as stipulated in a contract, will not be achieved, based on the known parameters of the exponential distribution of the remaining shelf life as a time to failure at each node of the graph. The model includes possibilities to deliver the meat to the local market or to the reverse logistics plants in the nodes of the remaining route, if the expected contractually stipulated CRSL becomes too high. On this way, shortening unnecessary routes further contributes to less pollution.

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Leeds, John S., Manu K. Nayar, Noor L. H. Bekkali, Colin H. Wilson, Sarah J. Johnson, Beate Haugk, Antony Darne, and Kofi W. Oppong. "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy is superior to fine-needle aspiration in assessing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors." Endoscopy International Open 07, no. 10 (October 2019): E1281—E1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0990-9611.

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Abstract Background and study aims Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) outcomes are dependent upon grading by Ki67. This study compared endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) to fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in assessing PanNETs. Patients and methods All pancreatic histology for PanNET between January 2009 and June 2017 was included if EUS sampling was performed prior to surgical resection. Ki67 and grade from FNA and FNB samples was compared to surgical histology using correlation coefficient and kappa values. Subgroup analysis was performed for purely solid lesions, lesions < 2 cm and FNB needle type. Results One hundred sixity-four patients had PanNET of which 57 underwent surgical resection. Thirty-five lesions underwent FNA and 26 FNB (4 had both) confirming PanNET. 23/ of 35 FNA samples reported Ki67/grading compared to all 26 FNB samples (P = 0.0006). Compared to surgical histology, Ki67 on FNA correlated poorly overall (r = –0.08), in solid lesions (r = –0.102) and lesions < 2 cm (r = –0.149) whereas FNB correlated moderately overall (r = 0.65), in solid lesions (r = 0.64) and lesions < 2 cm (r = 0.61). Tumor grade showed poor agreement (kappa) with FNA overall (0.026), in solid lesions (0.044) and lesions < 2 cm (0.00) whereas FNB showed moderate-good agreement overall (0.474), in solid lesions (0.58) and lesions < 2 cm (0.745). Fork-tip FNB needles Ki67 showed strong correlation with surgical histology (r = 0.788) compared to reverse bevel FNB needles (r = 0.521). Both FNB needles showed moderate agreement with tumor grade. Conclusion FNB samples were significantly more likely than FNA to provide adequate material for Ki67/grading and showed a closer match to surgical histology. FNB needle types require prospective investigation.

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Yang, Guang, Yong Di Zhang, Lin Nan He, and Hong Jie Chang. "A Path Planning Model Based on Point Structure in On-Line Reverse System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 197 (September 2012): 619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.197.619.

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The reverse engineering general with coordinate measuring machine or 3D scanner realize the parts digital，and the measuring equipment is very expensive which limit the reverse engineering application. To solve this problem, this paper uses the higher precision walking mechanism of numerical control machine, adds the special online probe to compose a digital measuring equipment ；it uses the CAD sketch model to drive, which researches the basic representation method of the path information，the distribution form of the measuring point in the different characteristic element，the distinction between the measuring point，the attribution rules and the derived form of the path information of the measuring point. It also includes the development of dedicated reverse soft and the automatic generation of the measuring program reverser path. This method provide a new low cost reverse engineering means which decrease measured data and simplify the reverse engineering.

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Liu, W., A. Krishnamoorthy, R. Zhao, and D. Cortez. "Two replication fork remodeling pathways generate nuclease substrates for distinct fork protection factors." Science Advances 6, no. 46 (November 2020): eabc3598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc3598.

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Fork reversal is a common response to replication stress, but it generates a DNA end that is susceptible to degradation. Many fork protection factors block degradation, but how they work remains unclear. Here, we find that 53BP1 protects forks from DNA2-mediated degradation in a cell type–specific manner. Fork protection by 53BP1 reduces S-phase DNA damage and hypersensitivity to replication stress. Unlike BRCA2, FANCD2, and ABRO1 that protect reversed forks generated by SMARCAL1, ZRANB3, and HLTF, 53BP1 protects forks remodeled by FBH1. This property is shared by the fork protection factors FANCA, FANCC, FANCG, BOD1L, and VHL. RAD51 is required to generate the resection substrate in all cases. Unexpectedly, BRCA2 is also required for fork degradation in the FBH1 pathway or when RAD51 activity is partially compromised. We conclude that there are multiple fork protection mechanisms that operate downstream of at least two RAD51-dependent fork remodeling pathways.

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Leslie, Mitch. "A fresh start for stalled forks." Journal of Cell Biology 208, no. 5 (March 2, 2015): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.2085if.

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Manoj, V. V. R., V. Aditya Rama Narayana, and A. Bhargavi A. Lakshmi Prasanna Md Aakhila Bhanu. "Outlier Detection using Reverse Neares Neighbor for Unsupervised Data." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (April 30, 2018): 1511–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11406.

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Rianmora, Suchada, and Molticha Rangsiyangkoon. "Alternative Optical Acquisition Technique for Supporting Reverse Engineering Process." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 5, no. 4 (November 2017): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmmm.2017.5.4.335.

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Bochkov, Pavel. "Balance state development and correction methods in preschool children." Scientific Visnyk V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Pedagogical Sciences 66, no. 3 (2019): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33310/2518-7813-2019-66-3-31-36.

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In the article the methods of balance function formation in preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders are systematized and analyzed. In the basis of dynamic stability correction in this children contingent were laid phylogenetically predisposed mechanisms of the postural aplomb system, reflected in periods of early child ontogeny: vestibular - visual - proprioceptive - gift - oculomotor. To improve each of these input channels of the aplomb postural system, a specific technique algorithm for the development and correction of the balance function in preschool children with motor disorders was developed. For the vestibular channel it is suggested to use methods of hydraulic inverted (mirroring), "weightlessness", smoothness (metered angular accelerations). For the visual channel you can use the methods of "dark room", "tuning fork", "dawn". Proprioceptive channel improvement of the postural aplomb system involves the use of gradually reducing methods of bearing surface area, strengthening proprioceptive sensations (the method of "two fans"). The given canal of the child vestibular system can be developed using such methods as "topographic", "two-axis – one-axis", sensory stimulation, contrast method, and also the method of "stilts". The oculomotor system of child with balance state disturbances can be improved by the method of expanding oculomotor space-time eyes possibilities, the method of the ball, as well as the method of visual selective object capture, separating it from a variety of objects or from fleeting environment. This classification of methods are given with their conditional division into natural, phylogenetic and ontogenetic predetermined, and artificial, based on the use of the subject-spatial component (equipment, simulators and inventory), as well as the use of the possibilities of information and computer technologies with reverse biological bonds. The prospects of studying the development methods and correction of balance function in preschool children with motor disorders is the development of specific exercise complexes for each of the developed methods, followed by their practical testing in this children contingent.

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Nagi, Dr Muskan. "Reverse Mentoring-A Tool to Develop Future Leaders for Organizations." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP7 (July 25, 2020): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp7/20202148.

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Arango-Serna, Martín Darío, Jairo Alberto Valencia-Salazar, and Silvana Ruiz-Moreno. "Sistema de logística inversa para el desarrollo sostenible de un astillero." Revista UIS Ingenierías 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2020): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v19n2-2020012.

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Con el advenimiento de mercados globalizados donde aumentan los desperdicios derivados de procesos productivosy ante la evidente necesidad de adoptar medidas que disminuyan los impactos negativos asociados a su disposición final, laformulación de sistemas de logística inversa a medida de las empresas que permitan realizar una disposición responsable de los residuos maximizando laobtención de valor de estosha sido objeto de estudio en los últimosaños. Elobjetivo deesteartículo es proponerun Sistema de Logística Inversa para un astilleroque se enfoqueen los residuos derivados de las operaciones de mantenimiento realizadas aembarcacionesbajo un enfoque sostenible. La metodología se basóen un análisis de la literatura científica en términos de logística inversay sostenibilidad,al igual quela caracterización de los procesos en las instalaciones del astillero, desarrollando estrategias que soporten la implementación del sistema propuestoeindicadoresque controlen su futura implementación.

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Thangavel, Saravanabhavan, Matteo Berti, Maryna Levikova, Cosimo Pinto, Shivasankari Gomathinayagam, Marko Vujanovic, Ralph Zellweger, et al. "DNA2 drives processing and restart of reversed replication forks in human cells." Journal of Cell Biology 208, no. 5 (March 2, 2015): 545–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201406100.

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Accurate processing of stalled or damaged DNA replication forks is paramount to genomic integrity and recent work points to replication fork reversal and restart as a central mechanism to ensuring high-fidelity DNA replication. Here, we identify a novel DNA2- and WRN-dependent mechanism of reversed replication fork processing and restart after prolonged genotoxic stress. The human DNA2 nuclease and WRN ATPase activities functionally interact to degrade reversed replication forks with a 5′-to-3′ polarity and promote replication restart, thus preventing aberrant processing of unresolved replication intermediates. Unexpectedly, EXO1, MRE11, and CtIP are not involved in the same mechanism of reversed fork processing, whereas human RECQ1 limits DNA2 activity by preventing extensive nascent strand degradation. RAD51 depletion antagonizes this mechanism, presumably by preventing reversed fork formation. These studies define a new mechanism for maintaining genome integrity tightly controlled by specific nucleolytic activities and central homologous recombination factors.

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Lou, Zengjian, and Zhengyuan Zhuo. "A Class of Reverse Carleson Measures on Doubling Fock Spaces." Complex Analysis and Operator Theory 13, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 1795–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11785-018-0858-6.

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Viguera, E. "Visualisation of plasmid replication intermediates containing reversed forks." Nucleic Acids Research 28, no. 2 (January 15, 2000): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/28.2.498.

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Mwalupindi, Averrin G., Rezik A. Agbaria, and Isiah M. Warner. "Synthesis and Characterization of the Surfactant Terbium 3-[[1,2-Bis-[[(2-Ethylhexyl)Oxy]Carbonyl]Ethyl]Thio]Succinate as a Reagent for Determining Organic Analytes." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 9 (September 1994): 1132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944029497.

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The surfactant terbium 3-[[1,2-bis[[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]carbonyl]ethyl]thio]succinate has been synthesized and characterized by use of its absorption, luminescence, and microviscosity properties. In the presence of small amounts of water, this surfactant aggregates in cyclohexane to form reversed micelles containing Tb(III) counterions. The critical reverse micelle concentration has been determined to be 5.7 × 10−5 M with the use of an optical probe. Organic analytes solubilized in reverse micelles have been detected indirectly with the use of the luminescence characteristics of Tb(III) counterions. The detection scheme is based on energy transfer from the solubilized organic donor to acceptor Tb(III) counterions. Analytical figures of merit for the micellar system in the presence of organic analytes are presented. The microviscosity of the reverse micellar core has been estimated with the use of a viscosity-sensitive luminescent probe.

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Alsairafi, A. A., and M. H. Al-Shehaima. "Wind Driven Reverse Osmosis Desalination for Concrete Factory Application in Kuwait." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 4, no. 2 (2015): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/jocet.2016.v4.269.

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Ковалева, О. А., and С. И. Лазарев. "ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ОБРАТНООСМОТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РАСТВОРОВ ПРОИЗВОДСТВКУКУРУЗНОГО КРАХМАЛА." ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ, no. 4 (December 19, 2016): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21179/2074-9414-2016-4-110-115.

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N, Parikh, Patel N, and Patel N. "STABILITY INDICATING REVERSE PHASE HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF CHLORAMPHENICOL AND FLURBIPROFEN SODIUM IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM." Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 1-3 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/bpr.2019.9.1.

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Torres, Rubén, Begoña Carrasco, and Juan C. Alonso. "Bacillus subtilis RadA/Sms-Mediated Nascent Lagging-Strand Unwinding at Stalled or Reversed Forks Is a Two-Step Process: RadA/Sms Assists RecA Nucleation, and RecA Loads RadA/Sms." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 4536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054536.

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Replication fork rescue requires Bacillus subtilis RecA, its negative (SsbA) and positive (RecO) mediators, and fork-processing (RadA/Sms). To understand how they work to promote fork remodeling, reconstituted branched replication intermediates were used. We show that RadA/Sms (or its variant, RadA/Sms C13A) binds to the 5′-tail of a reversed fork with longer nascent lagging-strand and unwinds it in the 5′→3′ direction, but RecA and its mediators limit unwinding. RadA/Sms cannot unwind a reversed fork with a longer nascent leading-strand, or a gapped stalled fork, but RecA interacts with and activates unwinding. Here, the molecular mechanism by which RadA/Sms, in concert with RecA, in a two-step reaction, unwinds the nascent lagging-strand of reversed or stalled forks is unveiled. First, RadA/Sms, as a mediator, contributes to SsbA displacement from the forks and nucleates RecA onto single-stranded DNA. Then, RecA, as a loader, interacts with and recruits RadA/Sms onto the nascent lagging strand of these DNA substrates to unwind them. Within this process, RecA limits RadA/Sms self-assembly to control fork processing, and RadA/Sms prevents RecA from provoking unnecessary recombination.

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Raj, T. Mohan. "An Efficient Data Security for SSL Using Reverse Context Free Grammar Productions." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 12-SPECIAL ISSUE (December 31, 2019): 984–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11sp12/20193304.

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MURAYAMA, Takeshi, Mitsunobu YODA, Toru EGUCHI, and Fuminori OBA. "Production Planning and Simulation for Reverse Supply Chain(Manufacturing systems and Scheduling)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.2 (2005): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.2.385.

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Guo, Zheng Hong, Yong Hua Rong, S. Y. Gu, and Ji Hua Zhang. "The Investigation of Internal Friction on Antiferromagnetic Transition and Martensitic Transformation in Mn-Fe(Cu) Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 184 (January 2012): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.184.378.

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The internal friction and elastic modulus variations caused by the structural rearrangement fcc↔fct in Mn-Fe (Cu) antiferromagnetic alloys were studied in this paper. Antiferromagnetic transition exhibits weak first-order features due to the formation of microtwins by modulus softening mechanism. Antiferromagnetic transition also assists subsequent transformation to form twinned martensite. The small hysteresis between direct and reveres martensitic transformations indicates the thermoelastic feature. Both the martensitic and its reverse transformations also depend on the modulus softening mechanism.

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Zhang, Yang, Yourong Chen, Kelei Miao, Tiaojuan Ren, Changchun Yang, and Meng Han. "A Novel Data-Driven Evaluation Framework for Fork after Withholding Attack in Blockchain Systems." Sensors 22, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 9125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239125.

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In the blockchain system, mining pools are popular for miners to work collectively and obtain more revenue. Nowadays, there are consensus attacks that threaten the efficiency and security of mining pools. As a new type of consensus attack, the Fork After Withholding (FAW) attack can cause huge economic losses to mining pools. Currently, there are a few evaluation tools for FAW attacks, but it is still difficult to evaluate the FAW attack protection capability of target mining pools. To address the above problem, this paper proposes a novel evaluation framework for FAW attack protection of the target mining pools in blockchain systems. In this framework, we establish the revenue model for mining pools, including honest consensus revenue, block withholding revenue, successful fork revenue, and consensus cost. We also establish the revenue functions of target mining pools and other mining pools, respectively. In particular, we propose an efficient computing power allocation optimization algorithm (CPAOA) for FAW attacks against multiple target mining pools. We propose a model-solving algorithm based on improved Aquila optimization by improving the selection mechanism in different optimization stages, which can increase the convergence speed of the model solution and help find the optimal solution in computing power allocation. Furthermore, to greatly reduce the possibility of falling into local optimal solutions, we propose a solution update mechanism that combines the idea of scout bees in an artificial bee colony optimization algorithm and the constraint of allocating computing power. The experimental results show that the framework can effectively evaluate the revenue of various mining pools. CPAOA can quickly and accurately allocate the computing power of FAW attacks according to the computing power of the target mining pool. Thus, the proposed evaluation framework can effectively help evaluate the FAW attack protection capability of multiple target mining pools and ensure the security of the blockchain system.

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Ünsal-Kaçmaz, Keziban, Paul D. Chastain, Ping-Ping Qu, Parviz Minoo, Marila Cordeiro-Stone, Aziz Sancar, and William K. Kaufmann. "The Human Tim/Tipin Complex Coordinates an Intra-S Checkpoint Response to UV That Slows Replication Fork Displacement." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 8 (February 12, 2007): 3131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.02190-06.

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ABSTRACT UV-induced DNA damage stalls DNA replication forks and activates the intra-S checkpoint to inhibit replicon initiation. In response to stalled replication forks, ATR phosphorylates and activates the transducer kinase Chk1 through interactions with the mediator proteins TopBP1, Claspin, and Timeless (Tim). Murine Tim recently was shown to form a complex with Tim-interacting protein (Tipin), and a similar complex was shown to exist in human cells. Knockdown of Tipin using small interfering RNA reduced the expression of Tim and reversed the intra-S checkpoint response to UVC. Tipin interacted with replication protein A (RPA) and RPA-coated DNA, and RPA promoted the loading of Tipin onto RPA-free DNA. Immunofluorescence analysis of spread DNA fibers showed that treating HeLa cells with 2.5 J/m2 UVC not only inhibited the initiation of new replicons but also reduced the rate of chain elongation at active replication forks. The depletion of Tim and Tipin reversed the UV-induced inhibition of replicon initiation but affected the rate of DNA synthesis at replication forks in different ways. In undamaged cells depleted of Tim, the apparent rate of replication fork progression was 52% of the control. In contrast, Tipin depletion had little or no effect on fork progression in unirradiated cells but significantly attenuated the UV-induced inhibition of DNA chain elongation. Together, these findings indicate that the Tim-Tipin complex mediates the UV-induced intra-S checkpoint, Tim is needed to maintain DNA replication fork movement in the absence of damage, Tipin interacts with RPA on DNA and, in UV-damaged cells, Tipin slows DNA chain elongation in active replicons.

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Kale, Mamata, Subhashish Das, Mahesh Venkatesha, and Parvangada Madappa Beena. "Performance of Chemiluminiscence Assay using Reverse Algorithm for Syphilis Screening in Blood Donors." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 2253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.4.65.

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Russo, Guilherme Azzi, Jairo Pimentel Junior, and George Avelino. "O crescimento da direita e o voto em Bolsonaro: causalidade reversa?" Opinião Pública 28, no. 3 (September 2022): 594–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-01912022283594.

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A visão predominante sobre a eleição de 2018 é de que o eleitorado brasileiro deu uma guinada à direita. Neste artigo, argumentamos que uma das razões para explicar o aumento no posicionamento ideológico do eleitor como de direita pode ser atribuído ao processo de tomada de decisão do voto em si e não necessariamente ao aumento do eleitorado conservador. Para testar essa hipótese realizamos dois experimentos de survey que indicaram que a simples informação sobre o posicionamento ideológico do presidente Bolsonaro tem como efeitos nos respondentes: 1) o aumento do percentual dos que se posicionam na escala esquerda-direita; e 2) o reposicionamento mais à esquerda ou à direita de acordo com suas predisposições em relação ao presidente. A existência de um efeito reverso indica interpretação alternativa e complementar sobre a relação entre ideologia e processo de decisão do voto, tendo assim implicações importantes para a compreensão do contexto atual das eleições brasileiras.

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Baharoglu, Zeynep, Alison Sylvia Bradley, Marie Le Masson, Irina Tsaneva, and Bénédicte Michel. "ruvA Mutants That Resolve Holliday Junctions but Do Not Reverse Replication Forks." PLoS Genetics 4, no. 3 (March 7, 2008): e1000012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000012.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reverse fork'

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