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Academic literature on the topic 'Retrospective pretest'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Retrospective pretest"

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Hill, Laura G. "Back to the future: Considerations in use and reporting of the retrospective pretest." International Journal of Behavioral Development 44, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025419870245.

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Retrospective pretests ask respondents to report after an intervention on their aptitudes, knowledge, or beliefs before the intervention. A primary reason to administer a retrospective pretest is that in some situations, program participants may over the course of an intervention revise or recalibrate their prior understanding of program content, with the result that their posttest scores are lower than their traditional pretest scores, even though their understanding or abilities have increased. This phenomenon is called response-shift bias. The existence of response-shift bias is undisputed, but it does not always occur, and use of the retrospective pretest in place of a traditional pretest often introduces new problems. In this commentary, I provide a brief overview of the literature on response-shift bias and discuss common pitfalls in the use and reporting of retrospective pretest results, including a failure to consider multiple factors that may affect all test scores, as well as claims that retrospective pretests are less biased than traditional pretests, provide more accurate estimates of effects, and are necessarily superior to traditional pretests in program evaluation. I comment on the article by Little et al. (2019) in this issue in light of the literature on retrospective pretests and discuss the need for a theoretical framework to guide research on response-shift bias. The goal of the commentary is to provide readers with an informed and critical lens through which to evaluate and use retrospective pretest methods.
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Young, Jill, and Leanne Kallemeyn. "Testing the Retrospective Pretest with High School Youth in Out-of-School Time Programs." Journal of Youth Development 14, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2019.635.

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Practitioners and evaluators face several constraints in conducting rigorous evaluations to determine program effect. Researchers have offered the retrospective pretest/posttest design as a remedy to curb response-shift bias and better estimate program effects. This article presents an example of how After School Matters (ASM) tested the use of retrospective pretest/posttest design for evaluating out-of-school time (OST) programs for high school youth participants. Differences between traditional pretest and retrospective pretest scores were statistically significant, but effect sizes were negligible, indicating that both pretests yielded similar results. Interviews with youth led to 3 key findings that have implications for ASM using retrospective pretests with youth: response-shift bias was more prominent in youth interviews than in quantitative findings, youth recommended reordering the questions so that the retrospective pretest appears first to increase comprehension, and acquiescence bias emerged in the interviews. This study demonstrates that the retrospective pretest/posttest design can be an alternative to the traditional pretest/posttest design for OST at ASM. These findings are important for ASM and other youth-serving organizations, which often have limited capacity to survey youth multiple times within 1 program session.
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Perry, David C., Robert A. Apostal, and Thomas B. Scott. "Retrospective Measures in the Modification of Attitudes Toward Persons with Disabilities." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 19, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.19.3.24.

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Many rehabilitation studies which attempt to determine the effectiveness of procedures designed to modify attitudes toward persons with disabilities rely on self-report measures. When utilizing self-report instruments within a pretest/posttest design, a potential threat to internal validity is the shift of response interpretation on the part of the subject. One way of dealing with this response-shift is to utilize retrospective pretests in addition to a pre-treatment pretest. Two studies are presented which compared the use of traditional pretests with retrospective pretests in the modification of attitudes toward the disabled. Both studies showed that the retrospective pretest design was more sensitive to perceived attitudinal changes.
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Hill, Laura Griner, and Drew L. Betz. "Revisiting the Retrospective Pretest." American Journal of Evaluation 26, no. 4 (December 2005): 501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214005281356.

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Nicholson, Thomas, Philip A. Belcastro, and Robert S. Gold. "Retrospective Pretest-Posttest Analysis versus Traditional Pretest-Posttest Analysis." Psychological Reports 57, no. 2 (October 1985): 525–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.2.525.

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Traditional pretest-posttest comparisons of self-report data are distorted by response-shift bias. Administration of a retrospective pretest in lieu of the traditional pretest eliminates a form of response-shift bias which distorts the comparability of pretest-posttest measurements. The present study compared the sensitivity of a retrospective pretest-posttest measurement versus a traditional pretest-posttest measurement in detecting a treatment effect for a university stress counseling program. The substitution of the retrospective pretest for the traditional pretest as the covariate in the analysis of covariance yielded the same conclusion of no treatment effect.
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Marshall, James P., Brian J. Higginbotham, Victor W. Harris, and Thomas R. Lee. "Assessing Program Outcomes: Rationale and Benefits of Posttest-then-Retrospective-Pretest Designs." Journal of Youth Development 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2007.366.

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The importance of program evaluation for decision making, accountability, and sustainability is examined in this article. Pros and cons of traditional pretest-posttest and posttest-then-retrospective-pretest methodologies are discussed. A case study of Utah’s 4-H mentoring program using a posttest-then-retrospective-pretest design is presented. Furthermore, it is argued that the posttest-then-retrospective-pretest design is a valid, efficient, and cost-effective way to assess program outcomes and impacts.
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Goedhart, Hans, and Johan Hoogstraten. "The Retrospective Pretest and the Role of Pretest Information in Evaluative Studies." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (June 1992): 699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.699.

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To test the effect of training programs, subjects are often given self-report questionnaires. When such self-report instruments are used, response-shift bias is a possible confounder of results. According to the response-shift theory, pretest information given to subjects might reduce or diminish response-shift bias. In this experiment pretest information was given prior to a course in leadership. Contrary to expectation, the subjects' ratings were somewhat lower in the pretest-information condition. It was concluded that the pretest information provided was not effective enough. Use of a correct amount of reliable pretest information is recommended, otherwise this information may function as a ‘minicourse’ in itself and thereby confound the hypothesized or expected results.
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Bursal, Murat. "A COMPARISON OF STANDARD AND RETROSPECTIVE PRE-POST TESTING FOR MEASURING THE CHANGES IN SCIENCE TEACHING EFFICACY BELIEFS." Journal of Baltic Science Education 14, no. 2 (April 25, 2015): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/15.14.275.

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Thirty-nine American and 78 Turkish preservice elementary teachers’ personal science teaching efficacy (PSTE) beliefs were investigated during science methods courses with standard and retrospective pre-post testing methods. Significant differences in the PSTE gain scores, which indicate the changes in the mean PSTE scores from standard/retrospective pretests to the posttest, were found between the standard and retrospective measurements in both samples. Significant differences between the standard and retrospectively measured gain scores were detected among all subgroups under study, which were formed by participants’ PSTE levels and gender. It has been concluded that the differences between the standard and retrospectively measured PSTE gain scores are due to the difference in the nature of these measurement methods and can be seen in most research samples in educational studies around the world. The findings of this study suggest that the response-shift bias should be considered as a common threat to validity for research studies measuring self-efficacy beliefs with the standard pre-post testing method. Key words: personal science teaching efficacy, preservice elementary teacher, response-shift bias, retrospective pretest.
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Pratt, C. "Measuring program outcomes: using retrospective pretest methodology." American Journal of Evaluation 21, no. 3 (2000): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-2140(00)00089-8.

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Sprangers, Mirjam, and Johan Hoogstraten. "Pretesting effects in retrospective pretest^posttest designs." Journal of Applied Psychology 74, no. 2 (1989): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.74.2.265.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Retrospective pretest"

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Nimon, Kim Allen Jeff M. "Comparing outcome measures derived from four research designs incorporating the retrospective pretest." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3931.

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Nimon, Kim F. "Comparing outcome measures derived from four research designs incorporating the retrospective pretest." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3931/.

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Over the last 5 decades, the retrospective pretest has been used in behavioral science research to battle key threats to the internal validity of posttest-only control-group and pretest-posttest only designs. The purpose of this study was to compare outcome measures resulting from four research design implementations incorporating the retrospective pretest: (a) pre-post-then, (b) pre-post/then, (c) post-then, and (d) post/then. The study analyzed the interaction effect of pretest sensitization and post-intervention survey order on two subjective measures: (a) a control measure not related to the intervention and (b) an experimental measure consistent with the intervention. Validity of subjective measurement outcomes were assessed by correlating resulting to objective performance measurement outcomes. A Situational Leadership® II (SLII) training workshop served as the intervention. The Work Involvement Scale of the self version of the Survey of Management Practices Survey served as the subjective control measure. The Clarification of Goals and Objectives Scale of the self version of the Survey of Management Practices Survey served as the subjective experimental measure. The Effectiveness Scale of the self version of the Leader Behavior Analysis II® served as the objective performance measure. This study detected differences in measurement outcomes from SLII participant responses to an experimental and a control measure. In the case of the experimental measure, differences were found in the magnitude and direction of the validity coefficients. In the case of the control measure, differences were found in the magnitude of the treatment effect between groups. These differences indicate that, for this study, the pre-post-then design produced the most valid results for the experimental measure. For the control measure in this study, the pre-post/then design produced the most valid results. Across both measures, the post/then design produced the least valid results.
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Patch, Michael Renford. "Measuring sustained effects of a diversity course on classroom teacher beliefs a retrospective pretest study /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3307707.

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Augustincic, Polec Lana. "Global Health Competency Skills: A Self-assessment for Medical Students." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23275.

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Global health is an emerging concern in a rapidly changing world in which health issues transcend international borders. This study developed and validated a new self-report questionnaire to assess self-perceived global health competencies among international medical students and how they are influenced by international clinical experiences. A tool consisted of two scales and four subscales with moderate internal consistency. Comparisons between participants who completed retrospective pretest (after the intervention retrospectively) and those who completed traditional pretest (before the intervention) revealed that those participants who completed the questionnaires retrospectively provided lower pretest scores, suggesting that response-shift bias had occurred. Significant increases in scores after international clinical experience were reported for the majority of global health competency measures in IFMSA group. Linear regression identified participant’s age, gross national income (GNI) of country of medical studies, GNI of the country visited, duration of international clinical experience and years of medical school completed, as significant predictors of global health scores. This study contributes valuable information about the newly developed global health competencies measurement tool.
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Babcock, Judith Lynn 1955. "Retrospective pretests: Conceptual and methodological issues." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282434.

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Retrospective pretests provide a potentially useful elaboration on research methodology if they can be shown to be dependable under specific sets of conditions. Previous studies have examined response-shift bias and response-style effects, but less attention has been given to memory distortion associated with the retrospective recall of diverse types of variables. Identifying psychometric characteristics of these measures may help to clarify the picture emerging from retrospective accounts. The present study applied a methodology developed to measure the systematic error (i.e., memory distortion) that may be associated with variables involving a range of recall tasks. The study examined which types of variables account for the least measurement error in retrospective pretests administered at three time points. The types of variables examined in this study include students' self-ratings of academic abilities, self-reported attitudes and opinions about college, mood states, and perceptions of general health. The results of this study indicate that there was no main effect of time on any of the pairs of difference scores, and a moderate level of memory distortion was detected in the three variable types examined. The methodology applied provides an effective approach to understanding the effect of memory distortion on retrospective pretest variables. The author recommends that future applications of this methodology be applied to heterogeneous populations, investigate a range of complex variables, and include an examination of individual subject differences.
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Nolte, Sandra, and sandra nolte@mh org au. "Approaches to the measurement of outcomes of chronic disease self-management interventions using a self-report inventory." RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science & Planning, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080822.151606.

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Background Health education programs that are aimed at improving individuals' skills to self-manage are increasingly recognised as a critical component of chronic disease management. Despite the apparent need for such interventions, current studies show inconsistent results regarding program effectiveness, with meta-analyses indicating only marginal effects for some disease groups. A closer examination of these studies however suggests that the magnitude and inconsistency of the findings may be related to the types of outcomes that were assessed rather than specific disease groups. Where self-report measures were used, results tended to be smaller and inconsistent. It is therefore possible that current studies do not adequately reflect program effects because self-report outcomes have a high risk to be confounded by a range of potential biases. Objective The aim of this thesis was to identify and quantify the potential influence of biases in the measurement of change in chronic disease self-management interventions using self-report. Methods The research design targeted the processes that individuals undergo when filling out questionnaires and whether this has an influence on their self-report outcomes. This was achieved by developing a three-group research design. The Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) was used to collect outcomes data. While pretest questionnaires were identical across groups, three questionnaire versions were randomly distributed at posttest. One of the groups filled out traditional posttest questions (n=331), whereas the other two groups were asked to provide data in addition to posttest questions, with one group providing transition questions (n=304) and one providing retrospective pretest data (n=314). Resulting datasets were further examined for possible confounding effects through response shift and social desirability bias. Through the random allocation of the heiQs it was ensured that data were not influenced by potential intra-group effects. Results The thesis revealed that the design of the posttest questionnaire significantly influenced people's ratings of their posttest levels. In particular, when participants were asked to provide ratings of their retrospective pretest levels in addition to their posttest levels, the latter scores were significantly higher than those of participants who did not perform this additional task. Subsequent analyses however suggested that these differences could neither be explained by response shift nor by social desirability bias. Conclusions This research has provided important insight into the measurement of outcomes of chronic disease self-management interventions. While the threat to the validity of traditional pretest-posttest data due to confounding effects through response shift and social desirability biases could not be supported, the thesis has highlighted that the cognitive task that subjects are asked to perform when providing data at posttest significantly influenced their self-reported outcomes. Given that previous research has predominantly focused on other aspects of validity - such as applying control group designs to circumvent common threats to internal and external validity - this study suggests that more attention must be paid to the design of questionnaires. The thesis concludes that further research, in particular into the influence of cognitive tasks on obtained scores, is important to improve the interpretation of self-report outcomes data derived from participants of self-management interventions.
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Leelodharry, Vakil Kumar. "Maternal and neonatal outcomes in late preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: a retrospective study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29333.

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Background: The management of late preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) is associated with an increased risk of neonatal prematurity related morbidity due to many obstetric care guidelines which favour delivery at 34 weeks or immediately upon diagnosis of ruptured membranes after 34 weeks gestation. However, expectant management of this group of patients (i.e delayed delivery) between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation is associated with an increased risk of neonatal and maternal infectious morbidities. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the latency period on maternal and neonatal outcomes in late preterm prelabour rupture of membranes in a regional perinatal service in Cape Town, South Africa. The latency period was defined as the time from rupture of membranes to the time of delivery. In addition, we sought to investigate whether immediate induction of labour in the absence of overt signs of infection or fetal compromise should be prioritised in women who present with late preterm prelabour rupture of membranes. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out over a period of two years in two secondary level hospitals of the Metro West area of Cape Town. The subjects were low risk HIV negative women with singleton pregnancies with ruptured membranes in the late preterm period. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied between two latency periods, namely short latency (< 48 hours) and long latency period (≥ 48 hours) after ruptured membranes. Results and Conclusion: There were no significant differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two groups of latency periods when latency was defined as the time from ruptured membranes to delivery. The study favoured a delayed induction thereby improving neonatal outcomes by decreasing the complications of prematurity. There were more adverse maternal outcomes, including an increase likelihood of augmentation of labour and more operative delivery along with its major risk, that of obstetric haemorrhage, were noted in the short latency period group. Therefore, a delayed induction policy appeared to be more appropriate. Preterm delivery places the newborn at risk of prematurity. Therefore, the risk of prematurity must be balanced with the risks of intrauterine infection and antepartum haemorrhage, the two major complications of expectant management if delayed induction is to be adopted. Proper monitoring of both the pregnant woman and fetus is essential when expectant management is carried out to avoid these adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid. "Adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-positive pregnant women treated with efavirenz-containing antiretroviral drugs: a retrospective cohort study in the Cape Flats." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6185.

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Doctor Pharmaceuticae - Dpharm
The use of efavirenz (EFV) in the first trimester of pregnancy remains controversial. In South Africa, the use of EFV-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) as part of a Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) during the first trimester of pregnancy started in April, 2013. Literature to date has reported conflicting outcomes following the use of EFV-containing ART during the first trimester of pregnancy. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-positive pregnant women treated with EFV-containing ART and compare these results with those of pregnant women treated with NVP-containing ART and HIV-negative pregnant women in resource-limited settings. In addition, the study also aimed to determine the effect of the time of initiation of ART on the prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Gwatikunda, Sikhangezile. "A retrospective study regarding the relationship between antenal care (ANC) adequacy and preterm birth." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20293.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between antenatal care (ANC) adequacy and preterm births. The researcher used the quantitative, descriptive, correlational, retrospective, case control design on a sample size of 40 cases and 80 controls. A checklist was used to collect data at one state hospital in Windhoek. When the Adequacy of Prenatal Care Use (APNCU) index was applied, premature birth was found to be less likely for women in the higher categories of care (OR 0.121; 95% CI 0.124–0.613) as compared to those in the lower categories. Similarly when the Content and Timing of care in Pregnancy (CTP) tool was used; women in the higher categories of care, were less likely (OR 0.114; 95% CI 0.012–1.056) to give birth prematurely as compared to those in the lower categories
Health Studies
M.A. (Health Studies)
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CHEN, LI-FEN, and 陳儷棻. "Association between Perinatal Depression with Antidepressant Treatment and Preterm Birth in Taiwan: Ａ Retrospective Cohort Study." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65y4ng.

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碩士
國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
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Background: Depression is the commonest mental health problem in women. Perinatal depression is defined as an occurrence of depression during pregnancy and one year after the delivering. According to the studies from West countries, the incidence of perinatal depression is between 7.5% and 51%. In the USA and UK, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors prescription rate is 6.2% and 3.7%, respectively. Major depression disorder may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Previous studies showed that depressed pregnant women receiving antidepressants had a higher risk of postnatal neonatal adaptation syndrome (PNAS). However, evidences showed that the effect of antidepressant prescriptions for a depressed mother-to-be is not associated with newborn babies’ birth weight, length or head circumference. Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between exposure of antidepressants and the incidence of preterm birth. Methods: We used the Health Insurance Database 2000 to perform this retrospective cohort study longitudinally. Pregnant women with depression were selected, then divided them into two groups. One group received antidepressant treatment during the period of carrying the infant and the other did not. This database traced from 2000 to 13. We record the birth gestational weeks to analyze the incidence of preterm birth. Survival analyses and Cox Proportional Hazard Models were used to correct the potential confounders. Results: 1.The higher incidence of preterm birth had significant difference (P = 0.001) in study cases (n=87, 4.86%) than non-study cases (n=168, 3.13%), especially in items of 1st pregnancy, location, and comorbidity with hyperlipidemia between study and non-study cases. 2. We utilize cox regression for all variables listed in the table and track one year, discovering that receiving antidepressants, carrying multiple gestations, age between 35-55 years old, reproductive tract infection and with comorbidity have higher risk of preterm birth. However, uteroplancental hemorrhage(P=0.073) no longer existed significant difference between study and non-study cases. 3. Applying factors of preterm birth in 1-year tracking among different trimester by using Cox regression, disclosing pregnant women with antidepressant who are in the third trimester had higher risk (P=0.009) to experience premature birth. 4.Impressing on factors of preterm birth in 1-year tracking among different trimester by using Cox regression, the more antidepressants dose is associated with higher incident rate of preterm birth. Dose dependent effect was noted. 5. The longer we followed them, the higher incidence rate of preterm events in the study group is found. Major comments:The use of antidepressants will increase the risk of preterm birth.
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Book chapters on the topic "Retrospective pretest"

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Durá-Travé, Teodoro, Isabel San Martín-García, Fidel Gallinas-Victoriano, María Malumbres-Chacón, Paula Moreno-González, and María Urretavizcaya-Martinez. "Characteristics of Catch-Up Growth in Very Low Birth Weight Infants (<1500 g)." In Caesarean Section [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96933.

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Features of catch-up growth are not well established in very low birth weight infants (VLBW). The aim of this study is to analyze the catch-up growth in height and some factors associated in a cohort of VLBW (<1500 g) from birth to age 14 years. Retrospective registration of weight and height at birth and ages 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years in a cohort of 170 VLBW have been recorded Anthropometric variables were compared with those from a control group. Sixty-nine (40.6%) were small for gestational age (SGA subgroup) and 101 (59.4%) were appropriate for gestational age (AGA subgroup). Thirty-seven (21.8%) were extremely low birth weight (ELBW), and 32 (18.8%) extremely preterm (EPT). At age 2, 4 and 10 years, 49.4%, 78.9% and 87.1% VLBW, respectively, did reach normal height. Between 4 and 10 years of age, only 8.2% of VLBW reached normal height. At 10 years of age, 7% of VLBW (1000–1500 g) and 35% of ELBW (<1500 g) showed short stature (p = 0.001). Almost the entire sample of VLBW with normal height at age 2, 4 and 10 have reached an adequate catch-up growth in weight in the previous evaluations. ELBW, SGA and EPT were found to be independent predictors for inadequate catch-up growth in height at 2, 4, and 10 years of age. The growth pattern of children born preterm has particular features: they have a lower rate and/or slowness in the catch-up growth in height with respect to that described in full-term small-for-gestational-age infants. Catch-up in weight appears to be a decisive factor for catch-up in height, and, on this basis, we recommend a rigorous nutritional follow-up in these individuals. If these measures do not help improve catch-up in height, they may be eligible for the establishment of rhGH therapy.
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Conference papers on the topic "Retrospective pretest"

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Набеева, Диана Альбертовна, Екатерина Пантелеевна Корняева, Татьяна Владимировна Микрюкова, Алена Александровна Караваева, Сергей Анатольевич Серебряков, Сахила Низамовна Мулкадарова, and Мария Александровна Осетрова. "ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS OF PRETERM PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Май 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt185.2020.12.69.037.

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Статья посвящена анализу и выявлению факторов риска преждевременного излития околоплодных вод (ПИОВ). Проводится ретроспективный сравнительный анализ исхода родов для плода и матери с и без ПИОВ. The article is devoted to the analysis and identification of risk factors for preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPRM). A retrospective comparative analysis of the outcome of labor for the fetus and mother with and without PPRM is carried out.
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Loganathan, P., S. Hummaida, and V. Nair. "G291(P) Outcome of preterm infants discharged on home oxygen- retrospective study." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 25 September 2020–13 November 2020. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-rcpch.252.

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Dang, Dan, Xin Mu, Jian Tang, Shuhan Huang, and Hui Wu. "A Retrospective Cohort Study on the Invasive Fungal Infection in the Preterm Infants." In 2018 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling and Statistics Application (AMMSA 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ammsa-18.2018.17.

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Pacześniak, U., E. Gulczyńska, T. Talar, and A. Synowiec. "Outcomes of Preterm Infants Receiving Surfactant Administration with LISA versus INSURE Methods: A Retrospective Cohort Study." In 7th International Conference on Clinical Neonatology—Selected Abstracts. Thieme Medical Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1647081.

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Piquet, Annabelle, Pamela O’Connor, and Anne O’Sullivan. "P203 Feeding the moderate to late preterm infants in a tertiary neonatal centre. the CWIUH experience. a retrospective review of the feeding history in the moderate-to-late preterm infant, weighing ≥1500 g." In Faculty of Paediatrics of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, 9th Europaediatrics Congress, 13–15 June, Dublin, Ireland 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.558.

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Schneider, V., D. Konrad, U. Lang, and P. Reif. "Impact of the mode of delivery on the short-term outcome of preterm deliveries ≤34+0 weeks of gestation – a retrospective study on 1597 neonates." In Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (OEGGG) gemeinsam mit der Bayerischen Gesellschaft für Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde e.V (BGGF). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1602340.

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Frassetto, Mariana Dornelles, Mariani Laurentino Jesuino, Maurício Moretto Salvaro, Luísa Rosler Grings, Samuel Dutra Ferreira, and Paulo Ferreira Júnior. "Análise epidemiológica de óbitos por câncer de mama no estado do Rio de Janeiro." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130219.

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Introdução: Atualmente, o câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna que mais acomete mulheres no Brasil, com exceção do câncer de pele não melanoma. Segundo o Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), a taxa de mortalidade no Brasil é de 13,68 óbitos/100 mil mulheres, e no Sudeste, 14,56 óbitos/100 mil mulheres. Trata-se de um problema de saúde pública, uma vez que a mortalidade por câncer de mama está associada ao diagnóstico precoce e ao acesso ao tratamento adequado. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por câncer de mama do estado do Rio de Janeiro entre 2010 e 2018. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo no qual foi realizado um levantamento no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A população-alvo foi pessoas do sexo feminino que falecerem em decorrência do câncer de mama entre os anos de 2010 e 2018. As variáveis utilizadas foram: idade, raça, escolaridade e taxa de mortalidade. Resultados e Conclusão: Entre 2010 e 2018, foram notificados 3.780 casos na população estudada, apresentando taxa de mortalidade de 5,55 óbitos/100 mil mulheres no período estudado. A distribuição dos pacientes de acordo com a faixa etária foi: 0,08% (3) tinham entre 15 e 19 anos; 3,31% (125), entre 20 e 29 anos; 26,88% (1.016), entre 30 e 39 anos; e 69,73% (2.636), entre 40 e 49 anos. Em relação à escolaridade, 1,35% dos pacientes (51) possuíam nenhuma, 13,68% (517), de 1 a 3 anos; 23,12% (874), de 4 a 7 anos; 34,18% (1.292), de 8 a 11 anos; 17,33% (655), 12 ou mais anos; e 10,34% (391) foram ignorados. Dos casos notificados, 52,06% (1.968) se declaravam brancos; 16,51% (624), pretos; 0,18% (7), amarelos; 29,79% (1.126), pardos; e 1,46% (55) foram ignorados. Por conseguinte, constata-se predomínio de óbitos por câncer de mama na faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos (69,73%) e na raça branca (52,06%), condizente com os dados da literatura, visto que a incidência e a mortalidade por neoplasia de mama são crescentes a partir dos 40 anos. Apesar de o conhecimento a respeito desse câncer e seus fatores de risco aumentar quanto maior o grau de escolaridade, os óbitos ocorreram principalmente na população com 8 a 11 anos de escolaridade (34,18%). Ademais, quando comparado ao Brasil e à Região Sudeste, a taxa de mortalidade do estado do Rio de Janeiro é significativamente menor. Contudo, o câncer de mama ainda é uma importante causa de óbito no país, evidenciando a necessidade da redução dos riscos e o diagnóstico precoce como meios para reduzir a mortalidade.
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Opondo, C., R. Gray, J. Hollowell, Y. Li, JJ Kurinczuk, and MA Quigley. "P80 The joint contribution of socioeconomic circumstances and ethnic group to variations in preterm birth, neonatal mortality and infant mortality in england and wales – a population-based retrospective cohort study using routine data from 2006 to 2012." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.231.

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Vieira, Giane Hayasaki, Laura Araújo de Carvalho, Maria Luiza Martins de Faria, Andréa Araújo dos Santos Albernaz da Silveira, and Isabela Lôbo da Silva. "Análise do número de óbitos maternos em Goiás no período de 2007 a 2017." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130262.

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Introdução: A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) define mortalidade materna como a morte de uma mulher gestante ou em até 42 dias após o término da gestação, independentemente da sua duração ou localização. Ocorre por causa relacionada com ou agravada pela gravidez ou por medidas tomadas em relação a ela, não incluindo causas acidentais ou incidentais, e constitui grave violação dos direitos da mulher à saúde. Ainda nesse contexto, a mortalidade materna pode ser influenciada por fatores sociais, como idade, raça, escolaridade, padrão socioeconômico e estado civil, e, por isso, reflete a qualidade de vida de uma região. A mortalidade materna reflete a qualidade dos serviços de saúde prestados às mães e aos recém-nascidos, justificando a importância de uma análise profunda de suas variáveis. Objetivo: Analisar o número de óbitos maternos em Goiás durante o período de 2007 a 2017, correlacionando com a idade, cor/raça e escolaridade maternas, e grupo CID-10. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo, de análise do número de óbitos maternos e suas variáveis no estado de Goiás em um período de dez anos. Os dados foram obtidos na plataforma on-line Tabnet/DATASUS do Ministério da Saúde em fevereiro de 2020 e são referentes às estatísticas vitais. Não foi necessária a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, pois são dados públicos. As variáveis escolhidas e utilizadas para análise foram “idade materna”, “cor/raça materna”, “escolaridade materna” e “grupo CID-10”. Esses constituem indicadores de saúde para avaliar a qualidade dos serviços prestados à saúde materno-infantil. Os dados incluídos e analisados se referem somente aos óbitos maternos no estado de Goiás durante o período de 2007 a 2017. Os cálculos foram realizados no Excel. Resultados e Conclusão: No período de 2007 a 2017, totalizaram-se 512 óbitos maternos em Goiás, sendo 55 em adolescentes (10 a 19 anos), 233 em mulheres de 20 a 29 anos, 188 entre 30 e 39 anos, e 36 acima de 40 anos de idade. Mulheres brancas contabilizaram 154 óbitos; mulheres pretas, 62; pardas, 264; amarelas, 2; e ignorado, 30. Em relação à escolaridade, 48 mulheres não tinham nenhuma ou tinham apenas 1 a 3 anos; 106 possuíam 4 a 7 anos, e 212, mais de 8 anos, sendo ignorado 146 casos. Os grupos CID-10 com mais prevalência foram hipertensão relacionada à gravidez (120), complicações do trabalho de parto (105) e complicações relacionadas ao puerpério (53). A mortalidade materna constitui um dos indicadores de saúde mais adequados para avaliar a cobertura e a qualidade dos serviços de saúde de forma integral, pois reflete a realidade da desigualdade social do país. Os índices epidemiológicos analisados contribuem para o planejamento de ações e políticas públicas de saúde do estado de Goiás, que promovam atenção integral à gestante e ao seu filho.
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