Academic literature on the topic 'RETAINING WALL REINFORCED'

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Journal articles on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Shi, Wei, Jin Han, and Yong Bin Li. "Study on the Role of Geogrid-Reinforced for Fly Ash Retaining Wall Basing on the Analysis of FLAC3D." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.599.

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Geogrid-reinforced retaining wall is widely used in civil engineering, the role of geogrid reinforcement and the calculations of reinforcement material in the retaining wall design need further refinement.This paper analyzes the fly ash retaining wall with and without reinforcement by using finite element software of FLAC3D,studys the impact of geogrid-reinforced function on the stability of fly ash retaining wall ,gets the design parameters of geogrid-reinforced fly ash retaining wall.The numerical results show that: the fly ash retaining walls' safety factor is lower when its height is greater than 6m,reinforcement is needed for fly ash retaining wall to improve its safety factor to ensure the stability of retaining wall.Simulate and analyze the 8m high geogrid reinforced fly ash retaining wall,the results show that: increasing the reinforcement spacing can increase the lateral and vertical displacement of geogrid reinforced fly ash retaining wall, the maximum vertical displacement of retaining wall is in the upper wall,maximum lateral displacement occurs in the lower parts of the retaining wall;the reasonable distance of 8m high fly ash retaining wall is 0.8m.
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Ahn, Kwangkuk, and Hongsig Kang. "Behavior of Reinforced Retaining Walls with Different Reinforcement Spacing during Vehicle Collisions." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/920628.

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Accidents involving vehicles crashing into reinforced retaining walls are increasing because of the increased construction of reinforced retaining walls on roads. Unlike a normal retaining wall, a reinforced retaining wall is not one united body but is made up of blocks. Hence, a reinforced wall can break down when a vehicle crashes into it. The behavior of such a wall during vehicle collision depends upon the reinforcement material used for its construction, its design, and the method of the construction. In this study, the behavior of a reinforced retaining wall was analyzed while changing the reinforcement spacing using LS-DYNA, a general finite-element program. Eight tons of truck weight was used for the numerical analysis model. The behavior of a reinforced retaining wall under variable reinforcement spacing and positioning was analyzed. The results indicated that the reinforcement material was an important resistance factor against external collision load.
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Li, Xupeng, Jianhui Long, Shiyi Guo, Manchun Yang, Tianxing Zhang, Chengji An, and Yuanyuan Pei. "Experimental study on FBG sensing technology-based stress monitoring at the corners of reinforced soil retaining walls." Science Progress 105, no. 4 (October 2022): 003685042211353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504221135380.

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As a unique type of flexible slope fill-retaining structure, reinforced soil-retaining walls have the advantages of convenient construction, broad application conditions, good seismic performance, and high economic benefits. In general, reinforced soil-retaining walls appear at corners due to the restriction in topographic conditions during engineering construction. However, their special structures and stress conditions are usually ignored, thus triggering panel bulging, cracking, and collapse. In this study, an experimental method based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology was proposed for a physical model of reinforced soil-retaining walls. Then, a uniformly distributed load experiment was performed on this model by combining the measurement advantages of intelligent wire-type soil pressure sensors and the flexible characteristics of geotechnical reinforcement materials. The deformation development of this reinforced soil-retaining wall was monitored. Results revealed that before and after the loading of the reinforced soil-retaining wall, the deformation was mainly concentrated above the retaining wall, and the deformation scale at the corners was larger than that in the bilateral linear parts. After loading, the largest force deformation area on the retaining wall was transferred from the corners to the load area. The maximum strain was right beneath the load above the retaining wall, and the peak value at the other layers gradually approached the retaining wall. The experimental results prove that FBG sensing technology is feasible and effective for the whole-process monitoring of reinforced soil-retaining walls and is thus worthy of popularization and application.
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Zhu, Yalin, Kun Tan, Yin Hong, Ting Tan, Manrong Song, and Yixian Wang. "Deformation of the Geocell Flexible Reinforced Retaining Wall under Earthquake." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 8, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8897009.

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As a new type of reinforced material, geocells are widely used in flexible reinforced retaining wall projects, and a lot of practical experience shows that the geocell retaining wall has a great effect on earthquake resistance, but theoretical research lags behind engineering practice, and the deformation and failure mechanism under earthquake need to be further studied. In this paper, we use the FLAC3D nonlinear, finite-difference method to study the failure mechanism of geocell-reinforced retaining walls under earthquake, to analyze the advantages of the geocell retaining wall in controlling deformation compared with the unreinforced retaining wall and geogrid-reinforced retaining wall, and we try to study the deformation of the reinforced wall by changing the length of the geocell and reinforcement spacing of the geocell. Research indicates the horizontal displacement of the wall edge of the reinforced retaining wall under the earthquake is slightly smaller than that of the center of the wall and the back of the wall. The geocell can effectively reduce the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall, and the effect is better than the geogrid. Increasing the length of the geocell and reducing the spacing of the geocell can effectively reduce the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall, and the effect of displacement controlling at the top of the wall is better than in other positions.
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Lin, Yu Liang, and Yi He Fang. "Settlement Behavior of New Reinforced Earth Retaining Walls under Loading-Unloading Cycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.215.

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Three new types of reinforced earth structures were introduced including reinforced gabion retaining wall, green reinforced gabion retaining wall and flexible wall face geogrid reinforced earth retaining wall. In order to study settlement behavior of these three retaining walls, lab tests were carried out. Cyclic loading-unloading of different levels (0~50kPa, 0~100kPa, 0~150kPa, 0~200kPa, 0~250kPa, 0~300kPa, 0~350kPa) were imposed. The settlement behaviors of retaining walls were analyzed, and secant modulus when loading and unloading was obtained. Results show that retaining walls present great elastic and plastic deformation, and plastic deformation is greater than elastic deformation. Secant modulus decreases with the increase of loading-unloading cycles under the same loading level. Unloading secant modulus is bigger than loading secant modulus in the same cycle. With the increase of loading level, both elastic and plastic deformation increase, and plastic deformation increases more quickly than elastic deformation.
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Lazizi, A., H. Trouzine, A. Asroun, and F. Belabdelouhab. "Numerical Simulation of Tire Reinforced Sand behind Retaining Wall Under Earthquake Excitation." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 4, no. 2 (April 17, 2014): 605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.427.

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This paper studies the numerical simulations of retaining walls supporting tire reinforced sand subjected to El Centro earthquake excitation using finite element analysis. For this, four cases are studied: cantilever retaining wall supporting sand under static and dynamical excitation, and cantilever retaining wall supporting waste tire reinforced sand under static and dynamical excitation. Analytical external stability analyses of the selected retaining wall show that, for all four cases, the factors of safety for base sliding and overturning are less than default minimum values. Numerical analyses show that there are no large differences between the case of wall supporting waste tire reinforced sand and the case of wall supporting sand for static loading. Under seismic excitation, the higher value of Von Mises stress for the case of retaining wall supporting waste tire reinforced sand is 3.46 times lower compared to the case of retaining wall supporting sand. The variation of horizontal displacement (U1) and vertical displacement (U2) near the retaining wall, with depth, are also presented.
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Leshchinsky, Dov, Baris Imamoglu, and Christopher L. Meehan. "Exhumed Geogrid-Reinforced Retaining Wall." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 136, no. 10 (October 2010): 1311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000354.

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Liang, Xiaoyong, Jing Jin, Guangqing Yang, Xizhao Wang, Quansheng Zhao, and Yitao Zhou. "Performance of Modular-Reinforced Soil-Retaining Walls for an Intercity Railway during Service." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 6084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106084.

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In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of reinforced soil-retaining walls during service, this paper carried out a long-term remote observation test for 6 years on the modular-reinforced soil-retaining wall of the Qingrong intercity railway in eastern China’s Shandong Province. During the construction period, earth pressure boxes, flexible displacement meters, settlement pipes and displacement meters were buried to observe the soil pressure, reinforcement strain, horizontal displacement and settlement of the reinforced earth-retaining wall, respectively, for a long time; then, the results were analyzed to summarize its variation law. The results show that the reinforced earth-retaining wall was stable after one year of construction. It was determined that the strain of reinforcement in each layer decreased with time, culminating in a value of less than 0.88 percent during the 6th year. The maximum horizontal displacement of the wall was 11.43 mm and the maximum settlement of the wall top was 46.77 mm, which were 0.15% and 0.60% of the wall height, respectively. These research results can be applied to the construction and design of reinforced soil-retaining walls in high-speed railways. The effects of the elastic modulus of filler, the tensile modulus of reinforcement and the reinforcement length on the characteristics of the retaining wall were analyzed in the numerical simulation with PLAXIS2D. The results and analysis show: the elastic modulus of filler and reinforcement length have a significant effect on the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall. The results of this experiment can be referenced for engineering projects.
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Kim, Young Je, Hyuk Sang Jung, Yong Joo Lee, Dong Wook Oh, Min Son, and Hwan Hee Yoon. "Behaviour Analysis of Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall According to Laboratory Scale Test." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030901.

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Reinforced soil retaining wall are ground structures that can be readily seen all around us. The development of reinforcements to these walls and their demand have increased rapidly. These walls are advantageous because they can be used not only in simple construction compared with reinforced concrete retaining walls but also when the height of the wall needs to be higher. However, unlike reinforced concrete retaining walls, in which the walls are integrated and resist the earth pressure on the back, the block-type reinforced earth retaining wall method secures its structural stability by frictional force between the buried land and reinforcements. A phenomenon in which a block is cracked or dropped owing to deformation has been frequently reported. In particular, this phenomenon is concentrated at the curved parts of a reinforced soil retaining wall and is mainly known as a stress concentration. However, to date, the design of reinforced soil retaining walls has been limited by the two-dimensional plane strain condition and has not considered the characteristics of the curved part. There is a lack of research on curved part. Therefore, this research determines the behavioural characteristics of curved-part reinforced soil retaining walls with regard to the shape (convex or concave) and angle (60°, 90°, 120°, and 150°). The displacement generated in the straight part and the curved part was analysed through an Laboratory Scale Test. The results showed that the horizontal displacement of the curved part increases as a convex angle becomes smaller, and the horizontal displacement of the curved part decreases as a concave angle becomes smaller. At the center (D and H have the same length, but H represents the height and D represents the separation distance from the center of the curved part) of the convex curve, the horizontal displacement of the 0.5 D section decreased to 13.8%; it decreased to 41.0% in the 1.0 D section. For concave angles, it was revealed that the horizontal displacement from the center 0.0 D to the 0.5 D section of the curved part increased by 25%, and from the 1.0 D section, by 75%. It was confirmed that the displacement difference was largely based on the value of 0.5 D. It was judged that this can be used as basic data for the design and construction guidelines for reinforced soil retaining wall of reinforced soil retaining walls.
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Zhang, Hong Bo, Jian Qing Wu, Ying Yong Li, Xiu Guang Song, and Zhi Chao Xue. "Model Tests on Force Characteristics of Reinforced Retaining Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.368.

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The recent research and development of the reinforced retaining wall is composed of cantilevered reinforced concrete retaining walls which symmetric set on both sides of subgrade and through roadbed width of counter-pulled anchors. The prestressing force can be applied on anchors.The retaining wall has the advantange of high safety, lateral small deformation , wide applicable range and low requirements for the foundation bearing capacity. But due to the lateral restraint of bolt, the soil pressure distributions of retaining wall change a lot. The change will have a significant impact on structures. In order to reveal the reinforced soil retaining wall pressure distributions, laboratory model test was done. The monitoring instruments such as earth pressure cells, anchor rope dynamometers and dial indicators were installed. Research and analysis on the loading process reinforced type soil retaining wall under soil pressure, the lateral earth pressure and anchor rope tension change rule were researched and analysed. The experimental results showed that with the increasing of filling soil height, the retaining wall had a tendency to tilt outward. The basolateral external pressure is larger than the inside pressure. At the same time, anchor tension increased as the top loading increased. Lateral earth pressure distribution is parabolic. Soil pressure around the anchor is larger than other area, the soil arch effect is significant.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Cheung, Kwong-chung. "Reinforced earth wall design & construction in northern access road for Cyberport Development /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3676288X.

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Cheung, Kwong-chung, and 張光中. "Reinforced earth wall design & construction in northern access road for Cyberport Development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014279.

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Imamoglu, Baris. "Case history strain and force distribution in HDPE reinforced wall /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 149 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1889078531&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (M.C.E.)--University of Delaware, 2009.
Principal faculty advisors: Dov Leshchinsky and Christopher L. Meehan, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.
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Abele, Nathan Daniel. "A Field Study of Construction Deformations in a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall." Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etd/etdc/view?accnum=toledo1165597471.

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Thesis (M.S.C.E.)--University of Toledo, 2006.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Civil Engineering." Bibliography: leaves 53-55.
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Osman, Emad Abd El-Moniem Mohamed. "Experimental, theoretical and finite element analysis of a reinforced earth retaining wall including compaction and construction procedures." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1990. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2820/.

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This thesis is concerned with an experimental and theoretical study of the behaviour of a reinforced earth retaining wall built on a rigid foundation, during and after construction with special attention paid to the effect of the compaction process. The theory and development of reinforced earth, four case histories, and tests on full scale models and small scale models related to the effects of compaction and current design methods have been reviewed with comments. The research work is tackled on two fronts: - Experimental model study. - Theoretical studies. 1) Experimental model study The model study, a three dimensional model, simulates a vertical reinforced earth retaining wall of height 6.0m with a model scale `10'. The model comprises an open fronted wooden box 1300mm long, 900mm wide and 700mm high, and the box contains the wall retaining 1200Kg of sand reinforced with aluminium foil strips 0.1mm thick attached to perspex facing panels of 150 x 150 x 18mm each. The sand bed in the model was formed using a sand spreader, dust extractor machine and a vibratory compaction device simulating the compaction plant in the field. Sixty six strain gauges, sixteen miniature pressure cells, which were developed and calibrated completely in the laboratory, and eight LVDTs were used to monitor the behaviour of the wall before, during and after compaction, under various uniform and variable compaction lengths and different methods of construction. Two methods of calibrating the density in the models were established, viz. temporary metal metal cylinders and permanent perspex cylinders. 2) Theoretical studies These were divided into two sections as follows: a - Theoretical study of compaction. b - Finite element method.
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Hrvolová, Markéta. "Posouzení železobetonové konstrukce bytového domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240277.

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The aim of the diploma thesis is static solution of selected parts of the residental house with formwork drawings and reinforcement drawings of designed structures included. Project describes the design and assessment of the monolitic slab structure, precast stair flights, basement loadbearing wall and retaining wall. For calculation of the internal forces was used software Scia Engineer.
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Herrera, Gaspar Alex Enrique, and Silva Santisteban Rodrigo Silva. "Análisis técnico-económico entre un muro de gaviones y un muro de suelo reforzado como solución de estabilidad de taludes en la carretera Choropampa – Cospan (Cajamarca)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655858.

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La presente tesis busca analizar y comparar los dos sistemas de muro de contención más importantes en el Perú: muros de gaviones y muros de suelo reforzado con el sistema terramesh. Para esto, se tomará el proyecto de mejoramiento de la carretera Choropampa-Cospán en la región de Cajamarca, donde se presentan tres tramos críticos debido a los constantes derrumbes y a la inestabilidad de taludes en dichas zonas ocasionado por las pendientes muy pronunciadas que se generarían si no se utilizase muros de contención. Para el diseño de muros de gaviones se utilizó la metodología ASD (Allowable Stress Design), el cual trabaja con un diseño por esfuerzos permisibles y utiliza un único factor de seguridad global; para ello se utilizó el programa Gawacwin. Para el diseño de los muros de suelo reforzado, se utilizó la metodología LRFD (Load And Resistance Factor Design). El cual trabaja con un diseño por la resistencia requerida y utiliza un factor de seguridad para la carga y otro factor de seguridad para la resistencia; para ello se utilizó el programa MSEW. Una vez diseñados ambos sistemas de muro de contención, se procedió a realizar un análisis comparativo técnico, en el cual se revisaron las características más importantes de cada sistema a la hora de la ejecución; y un análisis comparativo económico, en el cual se procedió a realizar un presupuesto referencial de cada uno de los sistemas tomando en cuenta los materiales a utilizar, la mano de obra, el movimiento de tierra y las actividades específicas a realizarse. Una vez obtenido los resultados correspondientes, se extrajo ratios comparativos que nos permitan obtener los costos por metro cuadrado de cada sistema y los costos por metro de altura. Al final de la investigación se concluye que los muros de suelo reforzado son más económicos para alturas mayores a cuatro metros, dando como resultado que en los tramos uno y dos se recomienden usar muros de gaviones, mientras que en el tramo tres se opte por un muro de suelo reforzado.
This thesis analyzes and compares the two most common retaining wall systems in Peru: gabion walls and reinforced soil walls with Terramesh system. For this comparison, the project “improvement of the Choropampa-Cospán road in the region of Cajamarca” was chosen, where there are three critical sections with problems of constant landslides and slope instability caused by slopes very pronounced that would be generated if no retaining walls were used. The design of gabion walls is done with ASD methodology (Allowable Stress Design), which works with allowable stress design and uses a single global safety factor; the Gawacwin program was used to do that design. The design of reinforced soil walls uses LRFD (Load and Resistance Factor Design) methodology, which works with a design by the required strength and uses a safety factor for loading and another safety factor for resistance; for this the MSEW program was used. Once both systems are designed, we proceeded to perform a technical comparative analysis with the most important features of each system at construction; and an economic comparative analysis using reference budget for each system, where we calculated the cost of the materials used, workers, earthwork and specific activities to be carried out. Once obtained the results, we look for comparative ratios that allow us to get the cost per square meter of each system and the cost per square meter of each height. At the end of the investigation we concluded that the walls of reinforced soil are more economical for heights over four meters, so in the sections one and two are recommended using gabion walls, while in the section three are recommended the construction of reinforced soil retaining wall.
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Iacorossi, Matteo. "Centrifuge modeling of earth-reinforced retaining walls." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3369/.

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Object of this thesis has been centrifuge modelling of earth reinforced retaining walls with modular blocks facing in order to investigate on the influence of design parameters, such as length and vertical spacing of reinforcement, on the behaviour of the structure. In order to demonstrate, 11 models were tested, each one with different length of reinforcement or spacing. Each model was constructed and then placed in the centrifuge in order to artificially raise gravitational acceleration up to 35 g, reproducing the soil behaviour of a 5 metre high wall. Vertical and horizontal displacements were recorded by means of a special device which enabled tracking of deformations in the structure along its longitudinal cross section, essentially drawing its deformed shape. As expected, results confirmed reinforcement parameters to be the governing factor in the behaviour of earth reinforced structures since increase in length and spacing improved structural stability. However, the influence of the length was found out to be the leading parameter, reducing facial deformations up to five times, and the spacing playing an important role especially in unstable configurations. When failure occurred, failure surface was characterised by the same shape (circular) and depth, regardless of the reinforcement configuration. Furthermore, results confirmed the over-conservatism of codes, since models with reinforcement layers 0.4H long showed almost negligible deformations. Although the experiments performed were consistent and yielded replicable results, further numerical modelling may allow investigation on other issues, such as the influence of the reinforcement stiffness, facing stiffness and varying backfills.
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Alhajj, Chehade Hicham. "Geosynthetic-Reinforced Retaining Walls-Deterministic And Probabilistic Approaches." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI010.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer, dans le cadre de la mécanique des sols, des méthodes d’analyse de la stabilité interne des murs de soutènement renforcés par géosynthétiques sous chargement sismique. Le travail porte d'abord sur des analyses déterministes, puis est étendu à des analyses probabilistes. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, un modèle déterministe, basé sur le théorème cinématique de l'analyse limite, est proposé pour évaluer le facteur de sécurité d’un mur en sol renforcé ou la résistance nécessaire du renforcement pour stabiliser la structure. Une technique de discrétisation spatiale est utilisée pour générer une surface de rupture rotationnelle, afin de pouvoir considérer des remblais hétérogènes et/ou de représenter le chargement sismique par une approche de type pseudo-dynamique. Les cas de sols secs, non saturés et saturés sont étudiés. La présence de fissures dans le sol est également prise en compte. Ce modèle déterministe permet d’obtenir des résultats rigoureux et est validé par confrontation avec des résultats existants dans la littérature. Dans la deuxième partie du mémoire de thèse, ce modèle déterministe est utilisé dans un cadre probabiliste. Tout d'abord, l’approche en variables aléatoires est utilisée. Les incertitudes considérées concernent les paramètres de résistance au cisaillement du sol, la charge sismique et la résistance des renforcements. L'expansion du chaos polynomial qui consiste à remplacer le modèle déterministe coûteux par un modèle analytique, combinée avec la technique de simulation de Monte Carlo est la méthode fiabiliste considérée pour effectuer l'analyse probabiliste. L'approche en variables aléatoires néglige la variabilité spatiale du sol puisque les propriétés du sol et les autres paramètres modélisés par des variables aléatoires, sont considérés comme constants dans chaque simulation déterministe. Pour cette raison, dans la dernière partie du manuscrit, la variabilité spatiale du sol est considérée en utilisant la théorie des champs aléatoires. La méthode SIR/A-bSPCE, une combinaison entre la technique de réduction dimensionnelle SIR (Sliced Inverse Regression) et une expansion de chaos polynomial adaptative (A-bSPCE), est la méthode fiabiliste considérée pour effectuer l'analyse probabiliste. Le temps de calcul total de l'analyse probabiliste, effectuée à l'aide de la méthode SIR-SPCE, est considérablement réduit par rapport à l'exécution directe des méthode probabilistes classiques. Seuls les paramètres de résistance du sol sont modélisés à l'aide de champs aléatoires, afin de se concentrer sur l'effet de la variabilité spatiale sur les résultats fiabilistes
The aim of this thesis is to assess the seismic internal stability of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls. The work first deals with deterministic analyses and then focus on probabilistic ones. In the first part of this thesis, a deterministic model, based on the upper bound theorem of limit analysis, is proposed for assessing the reinforced soil wall safety factor or the required reinforcement strength to stabilize the structure. A spatial discretization technique is used to generate the rotational failure surface and give the possibility of considering heterogeneous backfills and/or to represent the seismic loading by the pseudo-dynamic approach. The cases of dry, unsaturated and saturated soils are investigated. Additionally, the crack presence in the backfill soils is considered. This deterministic model gives rigorous results and is validated by confrontation with existing results from the literature. Then, in the second part of the thesis, this deterministic model is used in a probabilistic framework. First, the uncertain input parameters are modeled using random variables. The considered uncertainties involve the soil shear strength parameters, seismic loading and reinforcement strength parameters. The Sparse Polynomial Chaos Expansion that consists of replacing the time expensive deterministic model by a meta-model, combined with Monte Carlo Simulations is considered as the reliability method to carry out the probabilistic analysis. Random variables approach neglects the soil spatial variability since the soil properties and the other uncertain input parameters, are considered constant in each deterministic simulation. Therefore, in the last part of the manuscript, the soil spatial variability is considered using the random field theory. The SIR/A-bSPCE method, a combination between the dimension reduction technique, Sliced Inverse Regression (SIR) and an active learning sparse polynomial chaos expansion (A-bSPCE), is implemented to carry out the probabilistic analysis. The total computational time of the probabilistic analysis, performed using SIR-SPCE, is significantly reduced compared to directly running classical probabilistic methods. Only the soil strength parameters are modeled using random fields, in order to focus on the effect of the spatial variability on the reliability results
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Boyle, Stanley R. "Deformation prediction of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10201.

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Books on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Ling, Hoe I. Seismic testing: Geogrid reinforced soil structures faced with segmental retaining wall block : executive summary. Edina, MN: Allan Block Corp., 2003.

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Sarsby, R. W. Reinforced pulverized fuel ash retaining wall performance: Polymer reinforcement in fly ash bulk fill. S.l: s.n, 1987.

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Holtz, R. D. Geosynthetic reinforced wall analysis phase II: Use of in-soil geosynthetic behavior to predict deformations. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1998.

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Fumio, Tatsuoka, Leshchinsky Dov, and International Symposium on Recent Case Histories of Permanent Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls (1992 : Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo), eds. Recent case histories of permanent geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls. Rotterdam ; Brookfield, VT: A.A. Balkema, 1994.

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Gerber, Travis M. Assessing the long-term performance of mechanically stabilized earth walls. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2012.

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Frondistou-Yannas, S. Corrosion susceptibility of internally reinforced soil retaining structures. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research, Development, and Technology, 1985.

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International, Symposium on Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls (1991 Denver Colo ). Geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls, Denver, Colorado, 8-9 August 1991. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1992.

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Carter, Jeffrey J. Seismic effects on the design of geosynthetic-reinforced earth retaining structures. Springfield, Va: Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998.

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Edgell, G. J. Design guide for reinforced clay brickwork pocket-type retaining walls. Stoke-on-Trent: British Ceramic Research Assn, 1985.

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Allen, Tony M. Application of the K-̥stiffness method to reinforce soil wall limit states design. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Jewell, R. A. "Reinforced Soil Wall Analysis and Behaviour." In The Application of Polymeric Reinforcement in Soil Retaining Structures, 365–408. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1405-6_15.

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Bonaparte, Rudolph, and Gary R. Schmertmann. "Reinforcement Extensibility in Reinforced Soil Wall Design." In The Application of Polymeric Reinforcement in Soil Retaining Structures, 409–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1405-6_16.

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Pisini, Sateesh, Swetha Thammadi, and Sanjay Shukla. "Sustainability Study on Geosynthetic Reinforced Retaining Wall Construction." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 765–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1831-4_68.

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Li, Lihua, Junchao Yang, Zhi Hu, Henglin Xiao, and Yongli Liu. "The Properties of Reinforced Retaining Wall Under Cyclic Loading." In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics Volume 3, 172–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2227-3_21.

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Ojha, Ratnesh, Ananya Srivastava, and Vinay Bhushan Chauhan. "Study of Geosynthetic Reinforced Retaining Wall under Various Loading." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 339–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9988-0_31.

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Fukuda, N., Y. Kameda, T. Yoshimura, K. Abe, K. Watanabe, T. Hara, and Y. Kochi. "Environmental friendly reinforced retaining wall by using traditional stone masonry." In New Horizons in Earth Reinforcement, 185–89. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003416753-24.

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Okabayashi, K., and M. Kawamura. "Relation between wall displacement and optimum amount of reinforcements on the reinforced retaining wall." In Slope Stability Engineering, 1015–20. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203739600-65.

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Wang, Haoyu, Ting Wang, Xiaoyi Chen, Zeliang Yan, Chao Yan, Jiaxuan Zhang, Huijie Deng, and Junrui Zhang. "Simulation application of EPS lightweight soil in reinforced soil retaining wall." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures Volume 2, 522–29. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003363217-67.

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Bathurst, Richard J., and Robert M. Koerner. "Results of Class a Predictions for the RMC Reinforced Soil Wall Trials." In The Application of Polymeric Reinforcement in Soil Retaining Structures, 127–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1405-6_4.

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López, J. A., P. Serna, and E. Camacho. "Structural Design and Previous Tests for a Retaining Wall Made with Precast Elements of UHPFRC." In High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6, 437–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2436-5_53.

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Conference papers on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Surendran, Arya, and Anjana Bhasi. "Numerical modelling of geosynthetic reinforced retaining wall." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES-MODELLING, COMPUTING AND SOFT COMPUTING (CSMCS 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0045907.

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Kikumoto, Mamoru, Teruo Nakai, Shahin Md Hossain, Kenji Ishii, Asami Watanabe, and Feng Zhang. "Mechanical Behavior of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41108(381)41.

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Vaníček, Ivan, and Martin Vaníček. "Experiences from the High Geotextile Reinforced Retaining Wall – Case Study." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.039.

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Abstract:
Paper describes experiences obtained during the construction of high soil reinforced retaining wall. Such walls are now used during the foundation of large logistic and distribution centres on inclined terrain. First problems appeared roughly 2 years after the wall construction, when wide tensile cracks on the fill surface were observed behind the zone of reinforcement. First step of problem evaluation showed that this crack is connected to wall overturning. Therefore the reconstruction was recommended, upper part was removed and constructed under new evaluation of all relevant limit states and design situations. Phase of reconstruction was monitored and was used as an approval of the safe design. Experiences obtained during all described phases create an important know-how for next similar applications.
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Ichikawa, S., N. Suemasa, T. Katada, and Y. Toyosawa. "Analysis of a Reinforced Retaining Wall with Sliding Block Method." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40863(195)36.

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Chao, Sao-Jeng, Nelson Chou, and Ming-Woei Chou. "Creep Behavior of a Five Meter Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall." In GeoHunan International Conference 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/47631(410)22.

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TANG, Xiao-Song, Ying-Ren ZHENG, and Yong-Fu WANG. "Application and Analysis of the Reinforced Retaining Wall with Geo-grid." In 2014 International Conference on Mechanics and Civil Engineering (icmce-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmce-14.2014.86.

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Wang, L. Y., X. L. Du, and F. X. Zhang. "Seismic Response of a Geogrid Reinforced Retaining Wall by Shaking Table Test." In Geo-Shanghai 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413425.053.

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Bueno, Benedito S., C. Vinicius S. Benjamim, and Jorge G. Zornberg. "Field Performance of a Full-Scale Retaining Wall Reinforced with Nonwoven Geotextiles." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40787(166)1.

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Sasmayaputra, Nur Alfian, Agus Darmawan Adi, and Fikri Faris. "Bamboo Mat as a Temporary Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall in a Railway Bed." In International Conference on Technology and Vocational Teachers (ICTVT 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ictvt-17.2017.14.

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Konami, T., K. Miura, K. Misawa, and S. Asahara. "Observational Construction of the Multi-Step Type Multi-Anchored Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40787(166)14.

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Reports on the topic "RETAINING WALL REINFORCED"

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Ebeling, Robert, and Barry White. Load and resistance factors for earth retaining, reinforced concrete hydraulic structures based on a reliability index (β) derived from the Probability of Unsatisfactory Performance (PUP) : phase 2 study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39881.

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This technical report documents the second of a two-phase research and development (R&D) study in support of the development of a combined Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methodology that accommodates geotechnical as well as structural design limit states for design of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) reinforced concrete, hydraulic navigation structures. To this end, this R&D effort extends reliability procedures that have been developed for other non-USACE structural systems to encompass USACE hydraulic structures. Many of these reinforced concrete, hydraulic structures are founded on and/or retain earth or are buttressed by an earthen feature. Consequently, the design of many of these hydraulic structures involves significant soil structure interaction. Development of the required reliability and corresponding LRFD procedures has been lagging in the geotechnical topic area as compared to those for structural limit state considerations and have therefore been the focus of this second-phase R&D effort. Design of an example T-Wall hydraulic structure involves consideration of five geotechnical and structural limit states. New numerical procedures have been developed for precise multiple limit state reliability calculations and for complete LRFD analysis of this example T-Wall reinforced concrete, hydraulic structure.
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