Journal articles: 'Restriction of data'

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Bourgeois, Adèle. "Restricting supercuspidal representations via a restriction of data." Pacific Journal of Mathematics 312, no. 1 (August 4, 2021): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2021.312.1.

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Hu, Zhenghua, Jibiao Zhou, Shuichao Zhang, Songhan He, and Bo’an Yu. "Restriction Analysis of Transport Policy for Bridges Using the Trajectory Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (December 5, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8880335.

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Roads are becoming increasingly congested with continuous rise in the number of vehicles. Restriction policies are selected to alleviate congestion in many cities. However, conclusions regarding the substantial effects of restriction policies have not been fully demonstrated. This study primarily aims to demonstrate whether traffic restrictions can control the driving habits of people to alleviate traffic pressure. Furthermore, this study investigates the effect on the traffic on the premise of a normalized restriction policy. Data were collected by bayonet systems in Ningbo. Results showed that vehicles restricted by the restriction policy only accounted for approximately 13%. Most drivers bypass restricted roads to avoid restrictions. The method proposed can effectively amend the trajectory deviation caused by the inaccuracy from the bayonet. Based on the results, some suggestions about the policy of restrictions were discussed.

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Doshi, Peter, and Tom Jefferson. "Disclose Data Publicly, without Restriction." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 45, S2 (2017): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110517750620.

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Ethical, evidence-informed decision making is undermined by the grave concerns that have emerged over the trustworthiness of clinical trials published in biomedical journals. The inescapable conclusion from this growing body of research is that what we see, even in the most highly regarded peer-reviewed journals, cannot be trusted at face value. Concerns of inaccurate, biased, and insufficient reporting of trials are impossible to resolve without access to underlying trial data. Access to such data, including things like clinical study reports—huge, unabridged, detailed reports of clinical trials—would minimise the risk of distortions and selective publication. But the FDA, the world’s greatest custodian of those data, just sits on them. We see no reason why FDA should not publicly release clinical study reports with minimal redactions. The European regulator is already doing this, but FDA’s holdings are far greater. Data transparency is not simply an “opportunity” FDA might consider, but rather an ethical imperative. The Blueprint is good but does not go far enough. We do not need gates, barriers and committees between us and access to aggregate reports on drugs and other interventions which we are prescribing or using daily. Let’s leave the nannies at home.

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Anonymous. "AGU Sonar Data Restriction Panel." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 70, no. 35 (1989): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/89eo00267.

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Ham, John C., and Kevin T. Reilly. "Testing Intertemporal Substitution, Implicit Contracts, and Hours Restriction Models of the Labor Market Using Micro Data." American Economic Review 92, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 905–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/00028280260344524.

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We present new tests of three theories of the labor market: intertemporal substitution, hours restrictions, and implicit contracts. The intertemporal substitution test we implement is an exclusion test robust to many specification errors and we consistently reject this model. We model hours restrictions as part of an endogenous switching model. We compare the implicit probit equation to an unrestricted probit equation for unemployment and reject the hours restriction model. For the implicit contracts model, we estimate nonseparable within-period labor-supply and consumption equations. We test a cross-equation restriction of the model and cannot reject the implicit contracts model.

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Raad, Lutfi, Eric Johnson, Dave Bush, and Stephan Saboundjian. "Parks Highway Load Restriction Field Data Analysis: Case Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1615, no. 1 (January 1998): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1615-05.

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The loss of pavement strength during spring thaw could result in excessive road damage under applied traffic loads. Damage assessment associated with the critical thaw period is essential to evaluate current load restriction policies. The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities proposed a plan that will provide an engineering analysis of field conditions with 100-percent loads on the Parks Highway for 1996. Extensive data were collected and analyzed in an effort to monitor pavement damage during the spring of 1996 and to determine loss of pavement strength. Field data included truck traffic data from scalehouse and weigh-in-motion (WIM) stations, pavement temperature data, profilometer data for roughness and rutting, and falling weight deflectometer data. Analyses were performed to compare WIM and scalehouse traffic data and to determine the fraction of overweight axle-loads and corresponding pavement damage during spring thaw. Northbound and southbound truck traffic and its effect on pavement damage were considered. Ground temperature measurements were analyzed to determine when thaw initiates and how long seasonal load restrictions are required. In addition, comparisons of remaining life with and without load restrictions using mechanistic methods were conducted.

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Grant, A., L. A. Ogilvie, C. B. Blackwood, T. Marsh, S. H. Kim, and E. A. Paul. "Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Data Analysis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 6342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.10.6342-6343.2003.

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Kouzy, Ramez, Joseph Abi Jaoude, Walker Mainwaring, Timothy Lin, Austin B. Miller, Amit Jethanandani, Andres F. Espinoza, Cullen M. Taniguchi, and Ethan B. Ludmir. "Performance status restriction in phase III cancer clinical trials." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 2059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.2059.

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2059 Background: Patients with good performance status (PS) tend to be favored in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), possibly limiting the generalizability of trial findings. We sought to characterize trial-related factors associated with the use of eligibility criteria that restrict patients by PS, and analyze patient accrual breakdown by PS. Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov for phase III RCTs between 2003-2018. Randomized multi-arm trials assessing a therapeutic intervention in cancer patients were included. PS data were extracted from corresponding manuscripts. Trials with PS restriction Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) ≤1 were identified. Factors associated with PS restriction were determined, and trial patient accrual was analyzed. Results: Six-hundred trials were included with PS data for 238,213 patients. In total, 527 studies (87.8%) specified an upper PS restriction cutoff as part of their exclusion criteria, and 237 studies (39.5%) had a strict inclusion criterion of patients with ECOG PS ≤1. Enrollment criteria restrictions based on PS (ECOG PS ≤1) were more common among industry-supported trials (P< 0.001) and lung cancer trials (P < 0.001). Nearly half of trials that led to subsequent FDA approval included strict PS restrictions. Binary logistic regression revealed stable use of restrictive PS eligibility criteria between 2007-2018 (P= 0.789). The vast majority of patients enrolled across all trials had an ECOG PS of 0 to 1 (96.3%). Even among trials that allowed patients with ECOG PS ≥2, only 8.1% of enrolled patients had a poor PS (ECOG 2 or higher).Trials of hematologic cancers had the largest proportion of patients with ECOG PS ≥2 (8.7%), while lung, breast, gastrointestinal and genitourinary trials all included less than 5% of patients with poor PS (P< 0.001). Only 4.8% of patients enrolled in trials that led to subsequent FDA approval had a poor PS. Conclusions: The use of PS restrictions in oncologic RCTs is pervasive, and exceedingly few patients with poor PS are enrolled. The selective accrual of healthier patients has the potential to severely limit and bias trial results. Future trials should consider a wider cancer population with close toxicity monitoring, to ensure generalizability of results, while maintaining patient safety.

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Willard, Dan E., and George S. Lueker. "Adding range restriction capability to dynamic data structures." Journal of the ACM 32, no. 3 (July 1985): 597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3828.3839.

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Saenz, Dyana T., Wulin Teo, John C. Olsen, and Eric M. Poeschla. "Restriction of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus by Ref1, Lv1, and Primate TRIM5α Proteins." Journal of Virology 79, no. 24 (December 15, 2005): 15175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.24.15175-15188.2005.

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ABSTRACT The Ref1 and Lv1 postentry restrictions in human and monkey cells have been analyzed for lentiviruses in the primate and ungulate groups, but no data exist for the third (feline) group. We compared feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) to other restricted (human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [HIV-1], equine infectious anemia virus [EIAV]) and unrestricted (NB-tropic murine leukemia virus [NB-MLV]) retroviruses across wide ranges of viral inputs in cells from multiple primate and nonprimate species. We also characterized restrictions conferred to permissive feline and canine cells engineered to express rhesus and human TRIM5α proteins and performed RNA interference (RNAi) against endogenous TRIM5α. We find that expression of rhesus or human TRIM5α proteins in feline cells restricts FIV, impairing pseudotyped vector transduction and viral replication, but rhesus TRIM5α is more restricting than human TRIM5α. Notably, however, canine cells did not support restriction by human TRIM5α and supported minimal restriction by rhesus TRIM5α, suggesting that these proteins may not function autonomously or that a canine factor interferes. Stable RNAi knockdown of endogenous rhesus TRIM5α resulted in marked increases in FIV and HIV-1 infectivities while having no effect on NB-MLV. A panel of nonprimate cell lines varied widely in susceptibility to lentiviral vector transduction, but normalized FIV and HIV-1 vectors varied concordantly. In contrast, in human and monkey cells, relative restriction of FIV compared to HIV-1 varied from none to substantial, with the greatest relative infectivity deficit for FIV vectors observed in human T-cell lines. Endogenous and introduced TRIM5α restrictions of FIV could be titrated by coinfections with FIV, HIV-1, or EIAV virus-like particles. Arsenic trioxide had complex and TRIM5α-independent enhancing effects on lentiviral but not NB-MLV infection. Implications for human gene therapy are discussed.

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Nikolai, Sibylle, Kathrin Pallauf, Patricia Huebbe, and Gerald Rimbach. "Energy restriction and potential energy restriction mimetics." Nutrition Research Reviews 28, no. 2 (September 22, 2015): 100–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422415000062.

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AbstractEnergy restriction (ER; also known as caloric restriction) is the only nutritional intervention that has repeatedly been shown to increase lifespan in model organisms and may delay ageing in humans. In the present review we discuss current scientific literature on ER and its molecular, metabolic and hormonal effects. Moreover, criteria for the classification of substances that might induce positive ER-like changes without having to reduce energy intake are summarised. Additionally, the putative ER mimetics (ERM) 2-deoxy-d-glucose, metformin, rapamycin, resveratrol, spermidine and lipoic acid and their suggested molecular targets are discussed. While there are reports on these ERM candidates that describe lifespan extension in model organisms, data on longevity-inducing effects in higher organisms such as mice remain controversial or are missing. Furthermore, some of these candidates produce detrimental side effects such as immunosuppression or lactic acidosis, or have not been tested for safety in long-term studies. Up to now, there are no known ERM that could be recommended without limitations for use in humans.

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Aasland, R., and C. L. Smith. "An efficient manual method for aligning DNA restriction map data on very large genomic restriction maps." Nucleic Acids Research 16, no. 21 (1988): 10392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.21.10392.

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13

Abi Jaoude, Joseph, Ramez Kouzy, Walker Mainwaring, Timothy A. Lin, Austin B. Miller, Amit Jethanandani, Andres F. Espinoza, et al. "Performance Status Restriction in Phase III Cancer Clinical Trials." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 18, no. 10 (October 2020): 1322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2020.7578.

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Background: Patients with good performance status (PS) tend to be favored in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), possibly limiting the generalizability of trial findings. We aimed to characterize trial-related factors associated with the use of PS eligibility criteria and analyze patient accrual breakdown by PS. Methods: Adult, therapeutic, multiarm phase III cancer-specific RCTs were identified through ClinicalTrials.gov. PS data were extracted from articles. Trials with a PS restriction ECOG score ≤1 were identified. Factors associated with PS restriction were determined, and the use of PS restrictions was analyzed over time. Results: In total, 600 trials were included and 238,213 patients had PS data. Of those trials, 527 studies (87.8%) specified a PS restriction cutoff, with 237 (39.5%) having a strict inclusion criterion (ECOG PS ≤1). Enrollment criteria restrictions based on PS (ECOG PS ≤1) were more common among industry-supported trials (P<.001) and lung cancer trials (P<.001). Nearly half of trials that led to FDA approval included strict PS restrictions. Most patients enrolled across all trials had an ECOG PS of 0 to 1 (96.3%). Even among trials that allowed patients with ECOG PS ≥2, only 8.1% of those enrolled had a poor PS. Trials of lung, breast, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancers all included <5% of patients with poor PS. Finally, only 4.7% of patients enrolled in trials that led to subsequent FDA approval had poor PS. Conclusions: Use of PS restrictions in oncologic RCTs is pervasive, and exceedingly few patients with poor PS are enrolled. The selective accrual of healthier patients has the potential to severely limit and bias trial results. Future trials should consider a wider cancer population with close toxicity monitoring to ensure the generalizability of results while maintaining patient safety.

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Metzenberg, R. L., and J. Grotelueschen. "A restriction polymorphism map of Neurospora crassa: More Data." Fungal Genetics Reports 34, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4148/1941-4765.1558.

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15

Miller, J. C. "RESTSITE: A Phylogenetic Program that Sorts Raw Restriction Data." Journal of Heredity 82, no. 3 (May 1, 1991): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111081.

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Lam, Yan Y., Courtney M. Peterson, and Eric Ravussin. "Resveratrol vs. calorie restriction: Data from rodents to humans." Experimental Gerontology 48, no. 10 (October 2013): 1018–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2013.04.005.

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TEMBATA, KAORI, and KENJI TAKEUCHI. "THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON DROUGHT MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM JAPANESE RIVER BASINS." Climate Change Economics 09, no. 04 (November 2018): 1850010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007818500100.

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This study examines the effect of climate variability on water resource management during droughts. We use data from local droughts in Japan over three decades to investigate how variability in precipitation and temperature affects water restrictions implemented by drought coordination councils. We find that climate variability is significantly related to water restrictions in terms of both intensity and duration. The regression results show that a 100-mm decrease in annual precipitation is associated with a 0.2% increase in the water withdrawal restriction rate and an increase of one day in the restriction period. Our findings suggest that climate variability might induce more stringent water restrictions, implying negative consequences for water availability. This study thus shows the importance of strategically building adaptive capacity to climate change due to the risks of extreme weather events, such as prolonged droughts and extended summer seasons.

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Mait, Yolanda S., J. E. G. Rompis, B. Tulung, J. Laihad, and J. J. M. R. Londok. "PENGARUH PEMBATASAN PAKAN DAN SUMBER SERAT KASAR BERBEDA TERHADAP BOBOT HIDUP, BOBOT KARKAS DAN POTONGAN KOMERSIAL KARKAS AYAM BROILER STRAIN LOHMAN." ZOOTEC 39, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.23810.

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THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AND DIFFERENCE SOURCE OF CRUDE FIBER ON LIVE WEIGT, CARCASS WEIGHT AND COMMERCIAL PIECES OF BROILER WITH LOHMAN STRAIN. The objective of research was to determine the effect of feed restriction and source of different crude fiber on live weight, carcass weigth and commercial pieces of broiler with Lohman strain. The material used was 24 broilers. This research was using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in Factorial pattern of 2x4 with 3 replications. Feed restrictions were carried out at the age of 21 to 28 days old, after restrictions on broilers were fed commercial ration ad libitum feed until a time periode of 42 days. As a factor A was restricted feeding consisted of without restrictions (A0), and 20 percents restricted ration (A1). A factor B was source of crude fiber consisted of commercial feed (B0), commercial feed with coffee hull meal (B1), commercial feed with rice bran (B2), and commercial feed with coconut pulp (B3). The data analyzed used variance analysis and Tukey test to determine which one of treatment was significantly different from each other. The variables measured were live weight, carcass weight and percentage of commercial pieces consist of breast, thigh, drumstick, wing and brisket. The results showed that the combination treatment of feed restriction and source of crude fiber in feed gave a very significant different effect (P <0.05) on live weigth, carcass weight and commercial pieces of broiler with Lohman strain. The 20 percents restriction feeding with coconut pulp as a source of crude fiber gave best results on live weight, carcass weight, and commercial pieces of broiler with Lohman strain.Keywords: Feed restriction, crude fiber source, broiler commercial pieces

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Kurtz, Robin, and Marco Kuhlmann. "The Interplay Between Loss Functions and Structural Constraints in Dependency Parsing." Northern European Journal of Language Technology 6 (December 20, 2019): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/nejlt.2000-1533.19643.

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Dependency parsing can be cast as a combinatorial optimization problem with the objective to find the highest-scoring graph, where edge scores are learnt from data. Several of the decoding algorithms that have been applied to this task employ structural restrictions on candidate solutions, such as the restriction to projective dependency trees in syntactic parsing, or the restriction to noncrossing graphs in semantic parsing. In this paper we study the interplay between structural restrictions and a common loss function in neural dependency parsing, the structural hingeloss. We show how structural constraints can make networks trained under this loss function diverge and propose a modified loss function that solves this problem. Our experimental evaluation shows that the modified loss function can yield improved parsing accuracy, compared to the unmodified baseline.

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Choi, Seul-Ki, and Jin Kwak. "Context-Aware Information-Based Access Restriction Scheme for Cloud Data." International Journal of Security and Its Applications 7, no. 6 (November 30, 2013): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsia.2013.7.6.09.

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HIENDLEDER, S., W. HECHT, V. DZAPO, and R. WASSMUTH. "Ovine mitochondrial DNA: restriction enzyme analysis, mapping and sequencing data." Animal Genetics 23, no. 2 (April 24, 2009): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00034.x.

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Liu, Chun-Chu. "A study of optimal weights restriction in Data Envelopment Analysis." Applied Economics 41, no. 14 (June 2009): 1785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840601131706.

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Jankowski, Andrzej, and Cecylia Rauszer. "Logical foundation approach to users' domain restriction in data bases." Theoretical Computer Science 23, no. 1 (March 1988): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(88)90006-0.

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Choi, Seul-Ki, and Jin Kwak. "Context-Aware Information-Based Access Restriction Scheme for Cloud Data." International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering 8, no. 6 (November 30, 2013): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijmue.2013.8.6.10.

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Zheng, Yu, Janos Posfai, Richard D. Morgan, Tamas Vincze, and Richard J. Roberts. "Using shotgun sequence data to find active restriction enzyme genes." Nucleic Acids Research 37, no. 1 (November 6, 2008): e1-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn883.

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Watanabe, Tomomasa, Yukimasa Hayashi, Jun Kimura, Yukio Yasuda, Naruya Saitou, Takeshi Tomita, and Nobuaki Ogasawara. "Pig mitochondrial DNA: Polymorphism, restriction map orientation, and sequence data." Biochemical Genetics 24, no. 5-6 (June 1986): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00499094.

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Ehrendorfer, Friedrich, Jean-Fran�ois Manen, and Alessandro Natali. "cpDNA intergene sequences corroborate restriction site data for reconstructingRubiaceae phylogeny." Plant Systematics and Evolution 190, no. 3-4 (1994): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00986196.

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Pourhabib Yekta, Azam, Sohrab Kordrostami, Alireza Amirteimoori, and Reza Kazemi Matin. "Data envelopment analysis with common weights: the weight restriction approach." Mathematical Sciences 12, no. 3 (August 28, 2018): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40096-018-0259-z.

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Cardoso, Lauren F., Cari Jo Clark, Kelsey Rivers, Gemma Ferguson, Binita Shrestha, and Jhumka Gupta. "Menstrual restriction prevalence and association with intimate partner violence among Nepali women." BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health 45, no. 1 (September 28, 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2017-101908.

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IntroductionEmerging research has linked women’s sanitation and menstrual hygiene experiences with increased vulnerability to violence outside the home. Few studies, however, have investigated the relationship between menstruation and violence perpetrated by family members. This type of violence may be linked specifically to restrictions placed on women during menstruation, which are common in some regions of Nepal owing to shared power differentials that disfavour women, and societal norms that stigmatise menstruation.ObjectiveTo record the prevalence of menstrual restrictions experienced by married women and examine potential associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past year and menstrual restrictions imposed by husbands and/or in-laws among women in three districts of Nepal: Nawalparasi, Kapilvastu and Chitwan.MethodsBaseline data from a larger randomised control trial aiming to reduce IPV in three districts of the Terai region of Nepal (n=1800) were used to assess the prevalence of menstrual restrictions and the association with IPV.ResultsNearlythree out of four women (72.3%) reported experiencing high menstrual restriction, or two or more types of menstrual restriction. When controlling for demographic variables and IPV, no type of IPV was associated with high menstrual restrictions.ConclusionThe experience of menstrual restriction was widespread in this sample of women in Nepal. Future research should seek to identify how best to capture menstrual stigma and deviations around such norms. The global health and development community should prioritise integration with existing water and sanitation programmes to reduce stigma and ensure the well-being of menstruating women and girls.Trial registration numberNCT02942433.

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Rodriguez, Ryan, Benjamin Staley, and Randy C. Hatton. "Evaluating Incorporation of Drug Restrictions into Computerized Drug Order Entries after Transition to an Electronic Health Record." Hospital Pharmacy 48, no. 7 (July 2013): 568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4807-568.

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Background Incorporation of drug restriction policy into electronic drug order entries (DOEs) can promote responsible medication use and resource utilization when implemented systematically. Objective To identify drugs that require further incorporation of formulary restriction policy into their DOEs after migration to an electronic health record with computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE). Methods After transition to CPOE, test orders for formulary restricted drugs were entered in the CPOE environment. Data were collected about rationale for drug restriction, type of formulary restriction, presence of incorporation of restriction policy into the DOE, and whether incorporation was consistent with a recommended method. Restricted drugs requiring revision of policy incorporation into their DOEs were analyzed to create a prioritized task list based on rationale for the restriction. Results Of all restricted drugs, 63.6% (287/451) did not have restriction policy incorporated into their DOEs consistent with the recommended method and therefore required revision. Eighteen percent (81/451) of restricted drugs had no incorporation of restriction policy in their DOEs. Safety was the rationale for restriction in 21% (17/81) of these, which received highest priority for revision. When drugs were orderable but restricted, 61.9% (78/126) lacked optimal incorporation of policy in DOEs to promote adherence. When drugs were not orderable, 64% (206/322) did not provide guidance to formulary alternatives in DOEs when they should have. Conclusion After transition to CPOE, almost two-thirds of all analyzed restricted drugs lacked optimal incorporation of formulary restriction policies in their DOEs. DOEs with restrictions related to safety reasons were among those most frequently requiring revision. Some DOEs can better promote adherence and provide guidance to prescribers through revision. Predefined, systematic implementation strategies should be used during changes in computerized drug use processes.

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Wei, R. P., F. C. Yeh, and D. Lindgren. "Expected gain and status number following restricted individual and combined-index selection." Genome 40, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-001.

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Imposition of restrictions on number of individuals selected from a family and number of families from which superior individuals are selected could markedly alter the consequences of individual and combined-index selection. Predicted genetic gain and diversity measured as status number following selection were studied to draw general conclusions. Selection and its prediction were applied to two sets of real-life data. Theoretical prediction gave results close to those from factual selection. Gain and status number varied with initial family number and size, sib type, heritability, selection proportion, restriction type and intensity, and selection criteria. Proper restriction on the number of individuals selected can control the reduction of status number to an acceptable level, particularly when breeding values are used as the selection criterion. Restriction on the number of families selected would effectively improve the gain efficiency of selection based on phenotypic values. Choosing combinations of both restrictions might produce higher gain without the loss of status number. Given constant population size, family number should be large enough to ensure that restricted selection will yield higher gain and status number.Key words: restricted selection, phenotype, breeding value, genetic gain, effective size.

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Pollock, Nathaniel J. "Place, the Built Environment, and Means Restriction in Suicide Prevention." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 10, 2019): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224389.

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Restricting access to lethal means is a key public health intervention for preventing suicide. Means restriction research has often focused on suicide methods that are modifiable through legislation or policy interventions. However, some of the most common methods such as hanging may not be sensitive to regulation. The aims of this paper are to examine built environment and place-based approaches to means restriction in suicide prevention, and further consider the connections between place, the environment, and suicide methods. To increase knowledge about specific methods and mechanisms of injury in suicide deaths, higher resolution data for surveillance and epidemiology is required. Data that can be used to better discern patterns about specific locations and materials used in suicide and self-harm will support efforts to uncover new directions for prevention.

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Simon, SK, K. Phillips, S. Badalamenti, J. Ohlert, and J. Krumberger. "Current practices regarding visitation policies in critical care units." American Journal of Critical Care 6, no. 3 (May 1, 1997): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1997.6.3.210.

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BACKGROUND: Previous research has emphasized the importance of visitation in critical care units and its beneficial effects on patients and their families. However, nurses' attitudes and beliefs about visitation did not correlate with those of patients and their families, nor did actual visitation practices correlate with written policy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate nurses' perceptions about open vs restricted visiting hours and the effects on the patient, the patient's family, and the nurse. METHODS: Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 201 nurses who completed a survey instrument about nurses' perceptions of visitation at five metropolitan hospitals in a midwestern city. RESULTS: Seventy percent of official policies for visitation were restrictive. In practice, 78% of nurses were nonrestrictive in their visitation practices. Variables that affected practices regarding visiting hours were the patient's need for rest, the nurse's workload, and the beneficial effects of visitation on patients. Requests from patients and their families were ranked least important. Significant differences in practices were found regarding restriction of visiting by immediate family members and of the number of visitors. Restricted hours were perceived to decrease noise (83%) and promote patients' rest (85%). Open visitation practices were perceived to beneficially affect the patient (67%) and the patient's family (88%) and to decrease anxiety (64%). Perceptions of ideal visiting hours included restrictions on the number of visitors (75%), hours (57%), visits by children (55%), and duration of visits (54%), but no restriction on visitation by immediate family members (60%). Qualitative data revealed recurrent themes in visitation practices, policies and exceptions, control of visitation by patients, and nurses' wishes. CONCLUSION: Data indicate that most nurses do not restrict visitation, regardless of whether restrictive policies are in place. Most nurses base their visitation decisions on the needs of the patient and the nurse. Needs of the family were ranked as less important in decision making about family visitation.

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Tischendorf, Jessica, Matthew Brunner, Lucas Schulz, Anna K. Barker, Alexander Lepak, Alexander Lepak, Mary J. Knobloch, Marc-Oliver Wright, and Nasia Safdar. "2064. Applying Human Factors and Ergonomics to Inform a Successful Fluoroquinolone Restriction Intervention: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S695—S696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1744.

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Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can reduce the incidence of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) by limiting unnecessary exposure to high-risk antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones (FQ). However, restriction policies are challenging to implement and sustain. In a mixed methods study, we explored the barriers, facilitators and efficacy of an FQ restriction policy to reduce HO-CDIs among high-risk patients. Methods Our ASP instituted a pilot FQ restriction policy in our ICU and solid-organ transplant wards. We evaluated 24 months of pre- and post-intervention data, including: FQ and alternative agent use, length of stay (LOS), readmission rate, mortality and HO-CDI. We conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with front-line providers, applying the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety framework to examine perceptions of FQ use, prescribing indications, perceived relationships between FQ use and HO-CDI, and barriers imposed by FQ restrictions. Time-series analysis was performed to evaluate FQ and HO-CDI data. Results FQ use decreased from an average of 111.6 days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient-days pre-intervention to 19.8 DOT/1,000 patient-days (P < 0.0001). Average readmission rate, LOS on pilot units, total antibiotic use, and use of cefepime decreased after FQ restriction. Conversely, use of ceftriaxone, aminoglycosides and piperacillin–tazobactam all increased. The average HO-CDI rate was significantly lower post-intervention, although time series analysis showed a post-intervention increase in the trend in infection rate compared with the pre-intervention trend. Qualitative analysis of interviews revealed β-lactam allergy and pending discharge were barriers to FQ restriction; a patient’s history of CDI and pharmacist involvement in antimicrobial decision-making facilitated FQ restriction. Conclusion An FQ restriction policy significantly decreased FQ use without adversely affecting readmission rate, LOS or mortality. Knowledge of barriers and facilitators to FQ use optimization among front-line staff can inform future successful ASP interventions. Further investigation into the effect of FQ restriction on HO-CDI is needed. Disclosures Alexander Lepak, MD, Paratek Pharmaceuticals: Research Grant; Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals: Research Grant.

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Dyadina, Polina I., Stanislav O. Alexeyev, Salvatore Capozziello, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, and Kristina A. Rannu. "Strong-field tests of f(R)-gravity in binary pulsars." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 41 (January 2016): 1660131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516601319.

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We develop the parameterized post-Keplerian approach for class of analytic [Formula: see text]-gravity models. Using the double binary pulsar system PSR J0737-3039 data we obtain restrictions on the parameters of this class of [Formula: see text]-models and show that [Formula: see text]-gravity is not ruled out by the observations in strong field regime. The additional and more strong corresponding restriction is extracted from solar system data.

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Titheradge, A. J. B. "Families of restriction enzymes: an analysis prompted by molecular and genetic data for type ID restriction and modification systems." Nucleic Acids Research 29, no. 20 (October 15, 2001): 4195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.20.4195.

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Kong, Lingcai, Yi Hu, Qiang Wang, Xinda Chen, Tong Yao, Yu Wang, Hui Jin, Lijun Fan, and Wei Du. "Could COVID-19 pandemic be stopped with joint efforts of travel restrictions and public health countermeasures? A modelling study." BMJ Open 11, no. 5 (May 2021): e046157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046157.

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ObjectiveWe aim to explore and compare the effect of global travel restrictions and public health countermeasures in response to COVID-19 outbreak.DesignA data-driven spatio-temporal modelling to simulate the spread of COVID-19 worldwide for 150 days since 1 January 2020 under different scenarios.SettingWorldwide.InterventionsTravel restrictions and public health countermeasures.Main outcomeThe cumulative number of COVID-19 cases.ResultsThe cumulative number of COVID-19 cases could reach more than 420 million around the world without any countermeasures taken. Under timely and intensive global interventions, 99.97% of infections could be avoided comparing with non-interventions. The scenario of carrying out domestic travel restriction and public health countermeasures in China only could contribute to a significant decrease of the cumulative number of infected cases worldwide. Without global travel restriction in the study setting, 98.62% of COVID-19 cases could be avoided by public health countermeasures in China only compared with non-interventions at all.ConclusionsPublic health countermeasures were generally more effective than travel restrictions in many countries, suggesting multinational collaborations in the public health communities in response to this novel global health challenge.

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Shen, Xieyang, Chuanhe Huang, Xiajiong Shen, Jiaoli Shi, and Danxin Wang. "A Collusion-Resistant Blockchain-Enabled Data Sharing Scheme with Decryption Outsourcing under Time Restriction." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (August 26, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7249470.

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With the ever-increasing demands on decentralization and transparency of cloud storage, CP-ABE (Ciphertext Policy-Attribute-Based Encryption) has become a promising technology for blockchain-enabled data sharing methods due to its flexibility. However, real-world blockchain applications usually have some special requirements like time restrictions or power limitations. Thus, decryption outsourcing is widely used in data sharing scenarios and also causes concerns about data security. In this paper, we proposed a secure access control scheme based on CP-ABE, which could share contents during a particular time slot in blockchain-enabled data sharing systems. Specifically, we bind the time period with both ciphertexts and the keys to archive the goal of only users who have the required attributes in a particular time slot can decrypt the content. Besides, we use time slots as a token to protect the data and access control scheme when users want to outsource the decryption phase. The security analysis shows that our scheme can provide collusion resistance ability under a time restriction, and performance evaluations indicate that our scheme uses less time in decryption compared to other schemes while ensuring security.

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Kite, Chris, Lukasz Lagojda, Cain C. T. Clark, Olalekan Uthman, Francesca Denton, Gordon McGregor, Amy E. Harwood, et al. "Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Due to Enforced COVID-19-Related Lockdown and Movement Restrictions: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 5251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105251.

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Prolonged lockdown/restriction measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic have reportedly impacted opportunities to be physically active for a large proportion of the population in affected countries globally. The exact changes to physical activity and sedentary behaviours due to these measures have not been fully studied. Accordingly, the objective of this PROSPERO-registered systematic review is to evaluate the available evidence on physical activity and sedentary behaviours in the general population during COVID-19-related lockdown/restriction measures, compared to prior to restrictions being in place. Defined searches to identify eligible studies published in English, from November 2019 up to the date of submission, will be conducted using the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PSYCinfo, Coronavirus Research Database, Public Health Database, Publicly Available Content Database, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. The applied inclusion criteria were selected to identify observational studies with no restrictions placed on participants, with outcomes regarding physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour during lockdown/restriction measures, and with comparisons for these outcomes to a time when no such measures were in place. Where appropriate, results from included studies will be pooled and effect estimates will be presented in random effects meta-analyses. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review to evaluate one complete year of published data on the impact of COVID-19-related lockdown/restriction measures on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis will constitute the most up-to-date synthesis of published evidence on any such documented changes, and so will comprehensively inform clinical practitioners, public health agencies, researchers, policymakers and the general public regarding the effects of lockdown/restriction measures on both physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

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Erfanian, Hamid Reza, and Samaneh Barati. "Estimation method of spatial geostatistical data : Application to rainfall data." International Journal of Advanced Statistics and Probability 5, no. 2 (September 16, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijasp.v5i2.7824.

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Restriction of water resources for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes has caused major difficulties and rainfall is considered as one of the most important water resources. Therefore, predicting rainfall and estimating its rate monthly or annually for each region as one of the most important atmospheric parameters, is of particular importance in optimized usage of water resources.In this paper in addition to the presenting application of novel statistical methods, prediction of rainfall amount has been performed for the entire map of Iran. In this analysis, data of average rainfall of 108 pluviometry stations in different cities of Iran have been used and zoning of rainfall has been prepared for the country.

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Stelmanska, Ewa, Justyna Korczynska, and Julian Swierczynski. "Tissue-specific effect of refeeding after short- and long-term caloric restriction on malic enzyme gene expression in rat tissues." Acta Biochimica Polonica 51, no. 3 (September 30, 2004): 805–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2004_3563.

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Restricting food intake to a level below that consumed voluntarily (85%, 70% and 50% of the ad libitum energy intake for 3 or 30 days) and re-feeding ad libitum for 48 h results in an increase of malic enzyme (ME) gene expression in rat white adipose tissue. The increase of ME gene expression was much more pronounced in rats maintained on restricted diet for 30 days than for 3 days. The changes in ME gene expression resembled the changes in the content of SREBP-1 in white adipose tissue. A similar increase of serum insulin concentration was observed in all groups at different degrees of caloric restriction and refed ad libitum for 48 h. Caloric restriction and refeeding caused on increase of ME activity also in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver. However, in liver a significant increase of ME activity was found only in rats maintained on the restricted diet for 30 days. No significant changes after caloric restriction and refeeding were found in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney cortex, and brain. These data indicate that the increase of ME gene expression after caloric restriction/refeeding occurs only in lipogenic tissues. Thus, one can conclude that caloric restriction/refeeding increases the enzymatic capacity for fatty acid biosynthesis.

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Benner, Kim W., and Spencer H. Durham. "Meperidine Restriction in a Pediatric Hospital." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-16.3.185.

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BACKGROUND Much has been published revealing concerns surrounding the use of meperidine due to associated toxicities, drug interactions, and lack of proven efficacy. Thus, many adult institutions have chosen to remove or limit the use of this agent, while little has been published about the restriction of meperidine in pediatrics. Many clinicians feel there are still clinical situations in which this agent may be useful. OBJECTIVE To describe methods taken in a pediatric hospital to restrict the use of meperidine and review literature describing uses of meperidine as a second-line agent. METHODS In our pediatric institution, a policy to restrict the use of meperidine was developed, approved, and implemented. An assessment of meperidine's use 6 months prior to policy implementation was done, along with a postinitiation review of use. RESULTS Data revealed that the use of meperidine dropped from 646 doses in 84 patients to 226 doses in 27 patients after restriction, as anticipated. Previous to implementation of these restrictions, orthopedics physicians ordered the majority of meperidine prescriptions, while the gastroenterology service ordered the majority of meperidine prescriptions after implementation of the restriction policy. However, the use of the required form was not widely adopted, with only 30% of practitioners utilizing it postrestriction. Widespread restriction of meperidine and education about use of the form at this institution are still under way. CONCLUSION Not only are there limited reasons for using meperidine, there are acceptable alternatives for every known indication. Limiting meperidine's use via a restriction policy and/or removal from the institution formulary can help limit the use of this potentially toxic agent in the pediatric patient.

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Jo, Chor Ho, Sua Kim, Joon-Sung Park, and Gheun-Ho Kim. "Effects of Dietary Salt Restriction on Puromycin Aminonucleoside Nephrosis: Preliminary Data." Electrolytes & Blood Pressure 9, no. 2 (2011): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5049/ebp.2011.9.2.55.

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Shtanko, S. V. "RESTRICTION OF UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS IN RADIO SYSTEMS WITH BROADCAST DATA TRANSMISSION." Information and Control Systems, no. 5 (October 27, 2018): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2018-5-57-65.

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SHINDO, Shinichiro, and Yasumichi AIYAMA. "1P1-A07 Multi Fingered Hand Manipulation with Restriction Type Data Glove." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2008 (2008): _1P1—A07_1—_1P1—A07_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2008._1p1-a07_1.

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Ford, Judith Helen, Ming Li, Wendy Scheil, and David Roder. "Human papillomavirus infection and intrauterine growth restriction: a data-linkage study." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 32, no. 2 (September 22, 2017): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1378330.

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Gentzbittel, L., and P. Nicolas. "A BASIC Program to Construct Evolutionary Trees from Restriction Endonuclease Data." Journal of Heredity 80, no. 3 (May 1989): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a110846.

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Christianson, Hans, John A. Toth, and Steve Zelditch. "Quantum ergodic restriction for Cauchy data: Interior QUE and restricted QUE." Mathematical Research Letters 20, no. 3 (2013): 465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/mrl.2013.v20.n3.a5.

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Arslanov, Kamil M., and Ayrat R. Davletshin. "Impact of Russian Medical Secrecy and Data Restriction Laws on Research." HELIX 9, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 5438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29042/2019-5438-5441.

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Schilling, Edward E., Jose L. Panero, and Patricia B. Cox. "Chloroplast DNA restriction site data support a narrowed interpretation ofEupatorium (Asteraceae)." Plant Systematics and Evolution 219, no. 3-4 (1999): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00985580.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Restriction of data'

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