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Journal articles on the topic 'Restriction du flux sanguin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

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1

Passeri, Aurélien, and Abd-Elbasset Abaidia. "Restriction du flux sanguin et rééducation : une revue parapluie des revues systématiques et des méta-analyses." Kinésithérapie, la Revue 23, no. 255 (March 2023): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.kine.2022.12.052.

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2

Planque, F., and B. Tamalet. "L’exercice avec restriction du flux sanguin (BFR) : une mode ? Une alternative ? Une méthode miracle ? L’expérience du centre médical FFF de Clairefontaine." Journal de Traumatologie du Sport 38, no. 2 (June 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jts.2021.02.002.

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3

Gerstner, Aline. "Le cerveau gère le flux sanguin." Pour la Science N° 501 - juillet, no. 7 (January 7, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.501.0013.

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4

Gerstner, Aline. "Un contrôle cérébral du flux sanguin." Cerveau & Psycho N° 112, no. 7 (January 7, 2019): 10a. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cerpsy.112.0010a.

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5

Bresson-Dumont, H., and F. Aptel. "Le flux sanguin oculaire dans le glaucome." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 34, no. 6 (June 2011): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2011.03.008.

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6

Bourdin, G., and J. Y. Bayle. "Èvaluation non invasive du flux sanguin pulmonaire dans l’hypertension pulmonaire." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 23 (January 2006): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0761-8425(06)72448-2.

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7

Frédéric VIN. "Cas Clinique." Les pathologies vasculaires (anciennement ANGEIOLOGIE) 71, no. 02 (June 1, 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.54695/mva.71.02.2193.

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Les anévrysmes veineux superficiels sont le siège deturbulence du flux sanguin. Un cas clinique d’un patient avecthrombose d’un anévrysme de la veine basilique du bras estprésenté. Une mutation du facteur V Leiden a été retrouvécomme facteur de risque. Afin d’éviter une récidive, uneexérèse avec phlébectomie a été réalisée sous anesthésielocale par tumescence

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8

Colné, Patrick. "Le flux sanguin de l’artère vertébrale vu sous toutes les coutures." Kinésithérapie, la Revue 6, no. 55 (July 2006): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1779-0123(06)70201-7.

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9

Bruder, N., O. Lévrier, O. M. Stordeur, D. Pellissier, G. Salamon, and G. F.R.ançois. "R433 Effet de l'hypotension sur le flux sanguin des malformations arterioveineuses cerebrales (MAV)." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 17, no. 8 (January 1998): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(98)80549-2.

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10

Geiser, Martial, Charles Riva, and Ulrich Diermann. "Mesure du flux sanguin choroïdien au moyen d'un nouvel instrument laser Doppler confocal." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 214, no. 05 (May 1999): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1034795.

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11

Salvat-Melis, M., P. H. Carpentier, A. Moreau-Gaudry, A. Boignard, A. Paris, and J. L. Cracowski. "Analyse spectrale par transformée de Fourier du flux sanguin cutané dans la sclérodermie systémique." Journal des Maladies Vasculaires 32, no. 2 (April 2007): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmv.2006.12.005.

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12

Simonnet, Émilie, and Isabelle Brunet. "Les fonctions de l’innervation sympathique artérielle." médecine/sciences 35, no. 8-9 (August 2019): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019131.

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L’innervation sympathique artérielle (ISA) est un processus biologique complexe nécessitant un guidage fin des axones des neurones sympathiques par les artères. L’ISA est un élément clé de l’adaptation du système cardiovasculaire aux différentes contraintes (exposition au froid, exercice, etc.) : elle contrôle le diamètre des artères de résistance, donc le flux sanguin parvenant aux organes et la pression artérielle systémique via la modulation du tonus artériel. Son importance lors du vieillissement et dans de nombreux contextes pathologiques est de mieux en mieux reconnue et comprise. Son intégration à la prise en charge de nombreuses maladies (hypertension, cancer, etc.) permettrait d’en améliorer traitements et pronostic.

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13

Gassmann. "Geräteeinstellung in der bildgebenden Ultraschall-Dopplerdiagnostik (Spektral- und Farb-Doppler)." Praxis 91, no. 16 (April 1, 2002): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0369-8394.91.16.677.

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Le diagnostic par ultrasons se distingue par son caractère non-invasif et réitérable. Des enregistrements statiques permettent d'évaluer la morphologie et l'anatomie topographique. Le développement des techniques en temps réel ont permis d'évaluer les processus dynamiques. En parallèle à ces développements, l'effet Doppler s'est établi pour évaluer le flux sanguin. Par opposition à toutes les autres méthodes d'imagerie diagnostique médicale, le diagnostic par sonographie est très interactif. Un grand nombre de paramètres de mesures des appareils doit être modifié par l'examinateur et les conditions d'examen doivent être adaptées. Il n'existe aucune programmation standard qui garantisse une image optimale. Le médecin doit connaître les interactions entre la physique et la technique pour identifier les artéfacts et les problèmes d'imagerie.

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14

Alexandre-Heymann, Laure, and Étienne Larger. "Les péricytes des îlots de Langerhans régulent localement le diamètre des capillaires et le flux sanguin." médecine/sciences 34, no. 8-9 (August 2018): 649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20183408006.

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15

Movaffaghy, A., C. E. Riva, and B. L. Petrig. "Mesure du flux sanguin au niveau de la tête du nerf optique lors de Pexercise isométrique*." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 212, no. 05 (May 1998): 350–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1034903.

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16

PUERTA, J. "Alteration du patron trabeculaire apres la diminution du flux sanguin chez le coeur de l'embryon de poulet." Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 23 (June 1991): S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2828(91)90373-t.

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17

Longo, Antonio, Martial Geiser, and Charles E. Riva. "Effet de la lumière sur le flux sanguin de la choroïde dans la région de la fovea centralis1." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 216, no. 05(216) (May 2000): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-10991.

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18

Leclère, Franck M. P., Michel Schoofs, Florent Auger, Bruno Buys, and Serge Mordon. "Évaluation du flux sanguin par imagerie en résonance magnétique fonctionnelle après anastomoses artérielles assistées par laser diode 1,9μm." Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique 56, no. 6 (December 2011): 540–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2010.03.001.

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19

Achache, Farid, Patrick Titzé, Armand Movaffaghy, and André Mermoud. "Effet du Naftidrofuryl (Praxilène®) sur le flux sanguin de la tête du nerf optique du patient glaucomateux." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 214, no. 05 (May 1999): 260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1034786.

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20

Santosa, Irena, Hiromichi Shoji, Yoshiteru Arai, Kentaro Awata, Kazuhide Tokita, and Toshiaki Shimizu. "Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy Marker Levels in Rat Models of Prenatal and Postnatal Protein Restriction." Nutrients 15, no. 13 (July 7, 2023): 3058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15133058.

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Fetal growth restriction (FGR) leads to adult-onset metabolic syndrome. Intrauterine and early postnatal caloric restriction ameliorates the risk in animal models. To understand the underlying mechanism, we compared autophagic marker levels between offspring with FGR and those with prenatal and early postnatal protein restriction (IPPR). We postulated that FGR would impair, whereas IPPR would help regulate, autophagy in neonatal rats. This study involved control (Con), FGR offspring (Pre), and IPPR offspring groups (Pre + Post); n = 5/group. We assessed the abundance of autophagy markers in the liver and skeletal muscles. At birth, the Pre group pups had lower levels of some autophagy-related proteins, with increased p62 expression and a low microtubule-associated protein light chain beta (LC3-II:LC3-I) ratio. This finding suggests a lower hepatic autophagy flux in FGR offspring than the Con group. The hepatic levels of autophagy proteins were considerably decreased in the Pre and Pre + Post groups at 21 days of age compared to the Con group, but the LC3-II:LC3-I ratio was higher in the Pre + Post group than in the Con and Pre groups. The muscle levels of beclin-1, LC3-II, and p62 were lower in the Pre group pups, with no difference in the LC3-II:LC3-I ratio among the groups. An imbalance in the nutritional environment is associated with downstream autophagic flux, thus suggesting that FGR offspring will have impaired autophagic flux, and that post-natal nutrition restriction might help reduce this risk.

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21

Michel, Jean-Baptiste. "William Harvey réinterprété à la lumière de l’évolution des espèces (I)." médecine/sciences 36, no. 11 (November 2020): 997–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020170.

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Au commencement est la pompe cardiaque qui produit un flux sanguin cyclique (énergie cinétique, Ek). En 1619, William Harvey (1578-1657) décrit expérimentalement, en utilisant des garrots veineux ou artériels, l’anatomie fonctionnelle de la circulation sanguine chez l’homme, à l’exception de la circulation capillaire. Pour la première fois est décrite la circulation sanguine en deux circuits fermés parallèles, l’un à haute pression, l’autre à basse pression. Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) la complète par l’observation en microscopie du réseau capillaire. Un siècle plus tard, apparaissent les premières hypothèses sur l’évolution des espèces. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) propose en 1809 une théorie de transmission évolutive des caractères phénotypiques par adaptation aux contraintes environnementales. En 1859, Charles Darwin (1809-1882) élabore une théorie de la sélection naturelle. L’interprétation qui prévaut actuellement intègre à la fois la génétique et l’épigénétique dans la transmission intergénérationnelle, et dans la dynamique de développement des caractères phénotypiques individuels, en particulier chez l’homme.

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22

Oliveira, Pedro H., Marie Touchon, and Eduardo P. C. Rocha. "Regulation of genetic flux between bacteria by restriction–modification systems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 20 (May 2, 2016): 5658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603257113.

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Restriction–modification (R-M) systems are often regarded as bacteria's innate immune systems, protecting cells from infection by mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Their diversification has been recently associated with the emergence of particularly virulent lineages. However, we have previously found more R-M systems in genomes carrying more MGEs. Furthermore, it has been suggested that R-M systems might favor genetic transfer by producing recombinogenic double-stranded DNA ends. To test whether R-M systems favor or disfavor genetic exchanges, we analyzed their frequency with respect to the inferred events of homologous recombination and horizontal gene transfer within 79 bacterial species. Genetic exchanges were more frequent in bacteria with larger genomes and in those encoding more R-M systems. We created a recognition target motif predictor for Type II R-M systems that identifies genomes encoding systems with similar restriction sites. We found more genetic exchanges between these genomes, independently of their evolutionary distance. Our results reconcile previous studies by showing that R-M systems are more abundant in promiscuous species, wherein they establish preferential paths of genetic exchange within and between lineages with cognate R-M systems. Because the repertoire and/or specificity of R-M systems in bacterial lineages vary quickly, the preferential fluxes of genetic transfer within species are expected to constantly change, producing time-dependent networks of gene transfer.

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23

Tonini, M., H. Khayi, J. L. Pepin, E. Renard, J. P. Baguet, J. P. Romanet, M. Geiser, and C. Chiquet. "002 Réponse du flux sanguin choroïdien à l’hyperoxie et l’hypercapnie chez les sujets atteints du syndrome d’apnées du sommeil." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 32 (April 2009): 1S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73140-7.

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24

Fitzgerald, Tamara N., Akihito Muto, Tiffany T. Fancher, Peter B. Brown, Karen A. Martin, Bart E. Muhs, Douglas L. Rothman, R. Todd Constable, Smita Sampath, and Alan Dardik. "Les coils d’angiographie en résonnance magnétique implantés chirurgicalement améliorent la résolution et permettent la visualisation dynamique du flux sanguin." Annales de Chirurgie Vasculaire 24, no. 2 (February 2010): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acvfr.2010.09.010.

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25

Olivier, N., M. Metron, and F. Prieur. "Effet d’une restriction de l’utilisation d’une jambe suite à une opération de genou sur le volume sanguin et l’oxygénation musculaire." Science & Sports 27, no. 3 (June 2012): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2011.04.008.

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26

Podrez, Kévin, Florence Vial, Philippe Guerci, Jerome Feugeas, Cédric Baumann, Gérard Audibert, and Hervé Bouaziz. "Modifications vélocimétriques du flux sanguin cérébral au niveau des artères cérébrales moyennes au décours de la réalisation d’un blood patch." Anesthésie & Réanimation 1 (September 2015): A145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anrea.2015.07.225.

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27

Chamot, Stéphane, Armand Movaffaghy, Benno Petrig, and Charles Riva. "Effet d'une diminution de la pression de perfusion oculaire sur le flux sanguin dans l'iris mesuré par fluxmétrie laser Doppler*." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 214, no. 05 (May 1999): 302–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1034800.

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28

Trotta, Ronald J., Manuel A. Vasquez-Hidalgo, Brandon I. Smith, Sarah A. Reed, Kristen E. Govoni, Kimberly A. Vonnahme, and Kendall C. Swanson. "248 Maternal Nutrient Restriction During Mid-gestation Decreases Uteroplacental Release and Fetal Uptake of Essential Amino Acids in Sheep." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.238.

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Abstract To examine the effects of maternal nutrient restriction on net uteroplacental flux during mid-gestation, 14 singleton ewes (48.2 ± 4.0 kg body weight) were fed 100% (control; CON; n = 7) or 60% of nutrient requirements (restricted; RES; n = 7) from day 50–90 (mid-gestation). On day 90, uteroplacental blood flow was measured via Doppler ultrasonography and blood samples were collected from the femoral artery, uterine vein, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein. Blood vessel glucose and amino acids (AA) concentrations were measured and arterial-venous (uterine, AV; fetal, va) differences and net fluxes were calculated. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS for effects of treatment. Nutrient restriction during mid-gestation did not influence (P ≥ 0.17) uterine or umbilical blood flows. Uterine AV and fetal va differences of total, essential, and nonessential AA were not influenced (P > 0.10) by nutrient restriction. Nutrient restriction decreased (P ≤ 0.05) uterine and uteroplacental release of total AA and tended to decrease (P = 0.07) total AA uptake by the fetus. Uteroplacental release and fetal uptake of essential AA were decreased (P = 0.03) with RES by 53.4% and 45%, respectively. Uterine and uteroplacental release of nonessential AA were decreased (P = 0.03) with RES but, fetal uptake was not affected (P = 0.14). Nutrient restriction decreased (P ≤ 0.04) fetal uptake of methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and valine and tended to decrease (P ≤ 0.10) fetal uptake of isoleucine, leucine, and tryptophan. Umbilical artery glucose concentrations were 32% lesser (P = 0.01) with RES and RES tended to increase (P = 0.08) fetal glucose uptake. Nutrient restriction during mid-gestation altered uteroplacental and fetal flux of AA in the current study. The results may indicate that fetal metabolism shifts to adapt to reduced AA supply which results in greater glucose utilization.

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29

Yano, Jun-Ichi, Andrew J. Heymsfield, and Vaughan T. J. Phillips. "Size Distributions of Hydrometeors: Analysis with the Maximum Entropy Principle." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 1 (December 11, 2015): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0097.1.

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Abstract This paper proposes that the maximum entropy principle can be used for determining the drop size distribution of hydrometeors. The maximum entropy principle can be applied to any physical systems with many degrees of freedom in order to determine a distribution of a variable when the following are known: 1) the restriction variable that leads to a homogeneous distribution without constraint and 2) a set of integrals weighted by the distribution, such as mean and variance, that constrain the system. The principle simply seeks a distribution that gives the maximum possible number of partitions among all the possible states. A continuous limit can be taken by assuming a constant bin size for the restriction variable. This paper suggests that the drop mass is the most likely restriction variable, and the laws of conservation of total bulk mass and of total vertical drop mass flux are two of the most likely physical constraints to a hydrometeor drop size distribution. Under this consideration, the distribution is most likely constrained by the total bulk mass when an ensemble of drops under the coalescence–breakup process is confined inside a closed box. Alternatively, for an artificial rain produced from the top of a high ceiling under a constant mass flux of water fall, the total drop mass flux is the most likely constraint to the drop size distribution. Preliminary analysis of already-published data is not inconsistent with the above hypotheses, although the results are rather inconclusive. Data in the large drop size limit are required in order to reach a more definite conclusion.

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30

Bauer, Daniela, Reinhard Grebe, and Alain Ehrlacher. "Changement du flux sanguin cutané suite à une irritation mécanique – Un modèle de milieux poreux bidimensionnels pour décrire la réaction nerveuse." La Houille Blanche, no. 2 (March 2006): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb:200602011.

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31

Rezki, A., S. Chiheb, B. Merioud, M. Fysekidis, and P. Valensi. "CO-59: Rôle de la variabilité glycémique dans l'altération du flux sanguin microcirculatoire chez les patients diabétiques et intolérants au glucose." Diabetes & Metabolism 42 (March 2016): A18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(16)30077-5.

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32

Khayi, H., V. Vinh Moreau Gaudry, M. Geiser, J. P. Romanet, R. Hera, J. Y. Millet, and C. Chiquet. "432 Effet de la photothérapie dynamique sur le flux sanguin choroïdien des patients présentant une dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge néovasculaire." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 32 (April 2009): 1S136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73556-9.

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33

De Jaeger, Dominique, and Nicole Schepens-Boisacq. "La préparation au mouvement dans le cadre des praxies motrices complexes : Rôle spécifique de l'aire motrice supplémentaire." STAPS 11, no. 21 (1990): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.1990.1546.

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Cet article tente de synthétiser d’une manière cohérente les données expérimentales récemment acquises dans le domaine des processus neurophysiologiques préalables et sous-jacents au mouvement, en se centrant sur la contribution spécifique de l’aire motrice supplémentaire (A.M.S.). Parmi les résultats retenus, certains sont issus d’expériences classiques chez l’animal (stimulations et lésions d’aires corticales), d’autres ont été obtenus grâce à des techniques plus sophistiquées d’observation et d’enregistrement, appliquées tant chez l’homme que chez l’animal. Les techniques récemment développées permettent, en effet, de mettre en évidence les structures corticales plus spécifiquement impliquées dans l’une ou l’autre phase de la préparation motrice. Ainsi, s’agissant de la programmation des séquences motrices complexes apprises - telles que mises en oeuvre en gymnastique sportive -, les données soulignent le rôle de l’aire motrice supplémentaire (A.M.S.) : son interaction fonctionnelle, déjà apparente dans les études morphologiques, structurelles et d’expérimentation classique, paraît mieux précisée par les méthodes dynamiques d’enregistrement des potentiels corticaux et des variations du flux sanguin cérébral régional. La présentation des données est suivie d’une brève discussion, débouchant sur la formulation de notre hypothèse et de quelques propositions pour la recherche future, en rapport avec l’apprentissage moteur de praxies sportives.

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34

Sugden, M. C., R. M. Grimshaw, and M. J. Holness. "The regulation of hepatic carbon flux by pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase during long-term food restriction." Biochemical Journal 296, no. 1 (November 15, 1993): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2960217.

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The present study investigated the effects of chronic food restriction (achieved by limiting access to food to 2 h daily for up to 8 weeks) on the activity of the active form of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) in liver. Accelerated and exaggerated activation of hepatic PDH in response to a meal, previously demonstrated to occur within 10 days of food restriction, was demonstrated to persist for 4 and 8 weeks of food restriction, despite a food intake of only 50-60% of controls. Activation of hepatic PDH during feeding in rats subjected to food restriction for 4 weeks was dependent on continued food intake. As a consequence, hepatic PDHa activities in food-restricted rats were suppressed relative to controls for 19 h of the 24 h daily cycle. Curve-fitting by second-order polynomial regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between hepatic PDHa activity and lipogenic rate over the range of PDHa activities observed during the 2 h feeding period. Increased lipogenesis during feeding in food-restricted rats was not at the expense of hepatic glycogen synthesis or deposition; measurement of concurrent rates of glycogenesis and lipogenesis revealed simultaneous flux through both pathways, but specific activation of lipogenesis. The accelerated re-activation of hepatic PDH observed within 1 h of feeding in rats subjected to 4 weeks of food restriction was facilitated by a failure of the 22 h interprandial fasting period to induce a stable increase in hepatic PDH kinase activity. The present study indicates differential regulation of hepatic PDH kinase activity during periods of food withdrawal between food-restricted rats and starved/re-fed control rats. Such regulation occupies a critical role in determining the rate of activation of hepatic PDH during feeding. In turn, increased activity of hepatic PDHa during feeding in food-restricted rats bears a close positive relationship with hepatic lipogenic rate.

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35

Li, Jingfa, Bo Yu, Yu Zhao, Yi Wang, and Wang Li. "Flux conservation principle on construction of residual restriction operators for multigrid method." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 54 (May 2014): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.03.013.

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36

Tonini, M., R. Tamisier, M. Geiser, J. L. Pepin, P. Levy, J. P. Romanet, and C. Chiquet. "285 Variations des réponses du flux sanguin choroïdien induites par l’inhalation de gaz chez des sujets sains jeunes soumis à l’hypoxie intermittente." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 31 (April 2008): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(08)70882-9.

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37

Friedlander, Anne L., Barry Braun, Margaret Pollack, Jay R. MacDonald, Charles S. Fulco, Steve R. Muza, Paul B. Rock, et al. "Three weeks of caloric restriction alters protein metabolism in normal-weight, young men." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 289, no. 3 (September 2005): E446—E455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2005.

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The effects of prolonged caloric restriction (CR) on protein kinetics in lean subjects has not been investigated previously. The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that 21 days of CR in lean subjects would 1) result in significant losses of lean mass despite a suppression in leucine turnover and oxidation and 2) negatively impact exercise performance. Nine young, normal-weight men [23 ± 5 y, 78.6 ± 5.7 kg, peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2 peak) 45.2 ± 7.3 ml·kg−1·min−1, mean ± SD] were underfed by 40% of the calories required to maintain body weight for 21 days and lost 3.8 ± 0.3 kg body wt and 2.0 ± 0.4 kg lean mass. Protein intake was kept at 1.2 g·kg−1·day−1. Leucine kinetics were measured using α-ketoisocaproic acid reciprocal pool model in the postabsorptive state during rest and 50 min of exercise (EX) at 50% of V̇o2 peak. Body composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and exercise performance were measured throughout the intervention. At rest, leucine flux (≈131 μmol·kg−1·h−1) and oxidation (Rox; ≈19 μmol·kg−1·h−1) did not differ pre- and post-CR. During EX, leucine flux (129 ± 6 vs. 121 ± 6) and Rox (54 ± 6 vs. 46 ± 8) were lower after CR than they were pre-CR. Nitrogen balance was negative throughout the intervention (≈3.0g N/day), and BMR declined from 1,898 ± 262 to 1,670 ± 203 kcal/day. Aerobic performance (V̇o2 peak, endurance cycling) was not impacted by CR, but arm flexion endurance decreased by 20%. In conclusion, 3 wk of caloric restriction reduced leucine flux and Rox during exercise in normal-weight young men. However, despite negative nitrogen balance and loss of lean mass, whole body exercise performance was well maintained in response to CR.

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38

Domenech, Pedro, Jesus Burgos, Laura Muñoz, Eduardo Hevia, Gabriel Piza, Ignaci Sanpera, and Carlos Barrios. "Mesure peropératoire du flux sanguin de la moelle épinière avec laser doppler de haute résolution. Intérêt du monitoring neurophysiologique de la moelle épinière." Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 99, no. 7 (November 2013): S368—S369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcot.2013.09.250.

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39

Loufek, Jan, and Jiřina Královcová. "SIMULATION OF RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX DISTRIBUTION UNDER AN INFRARED HEAT EMITTER." Acta Polytechnica 55, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2015.55.0022.

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<p>The article deals with a heat radiation model used for heat flux calculation of an infrared heater. In general, we consider a system consisting of a set of objects, whereas a single object could stand for a heater, a reflector or a heated body. Each of the objects is defined by its bounding surface. The presented model applies a 2D restriction of the real system. The aim of a particular simulation is to obtain a heat flux distribution all over the heated body under given conditions such as objects temperature and material properties. Furthermore, the implemented model is used to design a reflector profile to obtain a desired heat flux distribution. The paper presents the implemented model, a comparison of simulated and measured data and an example of reflector design.</p>

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40

Isozaki, T., A. G. Gillin, C. E. Swanson, and J. M. Sands. "Protein restriction sequentially induces new urea transport processes in rat initial IMCD." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 266, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): F756—F761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.266.5.f756.

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We reported that feeding rats 8% protein for 4 wk induces two new urea transport processes in initial inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD); neither is present in rats fed 18% protein. In this study, we measured the time course of induction of these transporters in perfused initial IMCD segments from rats fed 8% protein. Net urea flux was induced after 3 wk, whereas vasopressin-stimulated passive urea permeability (P(urea)) was induced after 2 wk. 8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-BrcAMP) significantly increased P(urea)); adding vasopressin did not increase P(urea) further. In fact, there was no difference in vasopressin-stimulated cAMP production in initial or terminal IMCD segments from rats fed 18% or 8% protein, suggesting that the adaptive response was not due to increased cAMP production. Glucagon did not change cAMP production or P(urea). Specificity of the response was suggested because neither aldose reductase nor sorbitol dehydrogenase activity changed with feeding 8% protein. Thus 1) in initial IMCD segments, vasopressin-stimulated P(urea) is induced after 2 wk, but net urea flux requires 3 wk of feeding 8% protein; 2) this adaptation is not solely due to a higher rate of cAMP production; and 3) specificity of the adaptive response is suggested because activities of enzymes responding to decreases in concentrating ability are unchanged. These results suggest that two distinct urea transporters may be involved in the adaptation to a low-protein diet.

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AbuRahma, Ali F., Albeir Y. Mousa, Patrick A. Stone, Stephen M. Hass, L. Scott Dean, and Tammi Keiffer. "Corrélation entre la pression de perfusion collatérale peropératoire pendant l'endartériectomie carotidienne et le statut de l'artère carotide controlatérale et du flux sanguin cérébral collatéral." Annales de Chirurgie Vasculaire 25, no. 6 (August 2011): 885–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acvfr.2012.09.021.

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42

Melby, Christopher L., Hunter L. Paris, R. Drew Sayer, Christopher Bell, and James O. Hill. "Increasing Energy Flux to Maintain Diet-Induced Weight Loss." Nutrients 11, no. 10 (October 21, 2019): 2533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102533.

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Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained energy balance at the reduced body weight. This could be attained by coupling low total daily energy intake (TDEI) with low total daily energy expenditure (TDEE; low energy flux), or by pairing high TDEI with high TDEE (high energy flux). Within an environment characterized by high energy dense food and a lack of need for movement, it may be particularly difficult for weight-reduced individuals to maintain energy balance in a low flux state. Most of these individuals will increase body mass due to an inability to sustain the necessary level of food restriction. This increase in TDEI may lead to the re-establishment of high energy flux at or near the original body weight. We propose that following weight loss, increasing physical activity can effectively re-establish a state of high energy flux without significant weight regain. Although the effect of extremely high levels of physical activity on TDEE may be constrained by compensatory reductions in non-activity energy expenditure, moderate increases following weight loss may elevate energy flux and encourage physiological adaptations favorable to weight loss maintenance, including better appetite regulation. It may be time to recognize that few individuals are able to re-establish energy balance at a lower body weight without permanent increases in physical activity. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for more research to better understand the role of energy flux in long-term weight maintenance.

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43

Gryta, Marek, Marta Waszak, and Maria Tomaszewska. "Studies of polypropylene membrane fouling during microfiltration of broth with Citrobacter freundii bacteria." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0069.

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Abstract In this work a fouling study of polypropylene membranes used for microfiltration of glycerol solutions fermented by Citrobacter freundii bacteria was presented. The permeate free of C. freundii bacteria and having a turbidity in the range of 0.72–1.46 NTU was obtained. However, the initial permeate flux (100–110 L/m2h at 30 kPa of transmembrane pressure) was decreased 3–5 fold during 2–3 h of process duration. The performed scanning electron microscope observations confirmed that the filtered bacteria and suspensions present in the broth formed a cake layer on the membrane surface. A method of periodical module rinsing was used for restriction of the fouling influence on a flux decline. Rinsing with water removed most of the bacteria from the membrane surface, but did not permit to restore the initial permeate flux. It was confirmed that the irreversible fouling was dominated during broth filtration. The formed deposit was removed using a 1 wt% solution of sodium hydroxide as a rinsing solution.

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Lemley, C. O., L. E. Camacho, A. M. Meyer, M. Kapphahn, J. S. Caton, and K. A. Vonnahme. "Dietary melatonin supplementation alters uteroplacental amino acid flux during intrauterine growth restriction in ewes." Animal 7, no. 9 (2013): 1500–1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731113001006.

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45

Aronson, N. E., P. K. Houtz, S. Villarruel, R. L. Conhaim, K. E. Watson, and S. J. Lai-Fook. "Effect of concentration and hyaluronidase on restriction of hetastarch flux through lung interstitial segments." Microvascular Research 66, no. 3 (November 2003): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2862(03)00059-1.

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46

BOUDON, A., H. KHELIL-ARFA, J. L. MÉNARD, P. BRUNSCHWIG, and P. FAVERDIN. "Les besoins en eau d’abreuvement des bovins laitiers : déterminismes physiologiques et quantification." INRAE Productions Animales 26, no. 3 (June 18, 2013): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.3.3153.

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L’eau d’abreuvement est un besoin incompressible des élevages laitiers. Elle représente un coût non négligeable et sa restriction conduit immédiatement à des baisses de performances et à une altération du bien-être des troupeaux. Le bilan hydrique de l’animal est équilibré grâce à la régulation de l’excrétion rénale d’eau et des volumes d’eau bue en réponse à des consignes de pression osmotique plasmatique et de volume sanguin. De nombreuses équations de prédiction des besoins en eau des vaches laitières ont été publiées. La teneur en matière sèche de la ration ressort comme le premier paramètre prédictif des volumes d’eau bue parce qu’elle détermine la part relative de l’eau provenant de l’aliment et bue dans l’eau totale ingérée. La quantité de matière sèche ingérée, les teneurs en sodium, potassium et azote de la ration ainsi que la température ambiante sont les principaux paramètres prédictifs de l’eau totale ingérée. La comparaison des erreurs de prédiction des équations des besoins en eau des vaches laitières sur un jeu de données commun montre des performances très hétérogènes. Les critères de choix des équations doivent être la nature des paramètres prédictifs disponibles mais aussi les conditions dans lesquelles elles ont été établies. Les équations de prédiction des besoins en eau des vaches laitières ont souvent été établies à partir de mesures individuelles et leur application sur un troupeau disposant d’abreuvoirs à niveau constant peut entrainer un biais de prédiction. Quelques pistes sont évoquées pour quantifier les besoins en eau des génisses.

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47

Lapierre, H., G. Pelletier, D. R. Ouellet, G. E. Lobley, and J. F. Bernier. "Measuring leucine flux and protein metabolism with carbon-13 isotope in growing cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-038.

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Leucine irreversible loss (ILR) and fractional leucine oxidation (FO) were estimated using primed infusions of L-[1-13C]leucine and [13C]bicarbonate. Feed restriction decreased (P < 0.05) ILR from 16.42 to 10.82 mmol h−1, but did not affect FO (0.172) in two young dairy heifers. In six growing steers, ILR and FO averaged 30.03 ± 5.09 mmol h−1 and 0.147 ± 0.027, respectively. L-[1-13C]leucine and [13C]bicarbonate can be successfully used to measure the different components of protein metabolism in cattle. Key words: Stable isotope, protein metabolism, leucine, bicarbonate, cattle

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48

Stoltzfus-Dueck, T., W. A. Hornsby, and S. R. Grosshauser. "Gyrokinetic simulations of momentum flux parasitic to free-energy transfer." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 3 (March 2022): 032515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0080368.

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Ion Landau damping interacts with a portion of the E × B drift to cause a nondiffusive outward flux of co-current toroidal angular momentum. Quantitative evaluation of this momentum flux requires nonlinear simulations to determine fL, the fraction of fluctuation free energy that passes through ion Landau damping, in fully developed turbulence. Nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations with the GKW code confirm the presence of the systematic symmetry-breaking momentum flux. For simulations with adiabatic electrons, fL scales inversely with the ion temperature gradient, because only the ion curvature drift can transfer free energy to the electrostatic potential. Although kinetic electrons should, in principle, relax this restriction, the ion Landau damping measured in collisionless kinetic-electron simulations remained at low levels comparable with ion-curvature-drift transfer, except when magnetic shear [Formula: see text] was strong. A set of simulations scanning the electron pitch-angle scattering rate showed only a weak variation of fL with the electron collisionality. However, collisional-electron simulations with electron temperature greater than ion temperature unambiguously showed electron-curvature-drift transfer supporting ion Landau damping, leading to a corresponding enhancement of the symmetry-breaking momentum flux.

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Chiquet, C., H. Khayi, J. P. Romanet, and M. H. Geiser. "086 Effet de la stimulation Flicker sur le flux sanguin de la tête du nerf optique, à l’aide d’un nouveau fluxmètre laser Doppler Flom-ONH." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 32 (April 2009): 1S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73223-1.

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50

Maslanka, Roman, and Renata Zadrag-Tecza. "Reproductive Potential of Yeast Cells Depends on Overall Action of Interconnected Changes in Central Carbon Metabolism, Cellular Biosynthetic Capacity, and Proteostasis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (October 3, 2020): 7313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197313.

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Carbon metabolism is a crucial aspect of cell life. Glucose, as the primary source of energy and carbon skeleton, determines the type of cell metabolism and biosynthetic capabilities, which, through the regulation of cell size, may affect the reproductive capacity of the yeast cell. Calorie restriction is considered as the most effective way to improve cellular physiological capacity, and its molecular mechanisms are complex and include several nutrient signaling pathways. It is widely assumed that the metabolic shift from fermentation to respiration is treated as a substantial driving force for the mechanism of calorie restriction and its influence on reproductive capabilities of cells. In this paper, we propose another approach to this issue based on analysis the connection between energy-producing and biomass formation pathways which are closed in the metabolic triangle, i.e., the respiration-glycolysis-pentose phosphate pathway. The analyses were based on the use of cells lacking hexokinase 2 (∆hxk2) and conditions of different glucose concentration corresponding to the calorie restriction and the calorie excess. Hexokinase 2 is the key enzyme involved in central carbon metabolism and is also treated as a calorie restriction mimetic. The experimental model used allows us to explain both the role of increased respiration as an effect of calorie restriction but also other aspects of carbon metabolism and the related metabolic flux in regulation of reproductive potential of the cells. The obtained results reveal that increased respiration is not a prerequisite for reproductive potential extension but rather an accompanying effect of the positive role of calorie restriction. More important seems to be the changes connected with fluxes in central carbon metabolic pathways resulting in low biosynthetic capabilities and improved proteostasis.

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