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Journal articles on the topic 'Restricted visibility'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Barnabei, Marilena, Flavio Bonetti, Niccolò Castronuovo, and Matteo Silimbani. "Visibility in restricted involutions." Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 27, no. 4 (April 3, 2021): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236198.2021.1912031.

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2

Mansour, Toufik, and Mark Shattuck. "Visibility in pattern-restricted permutations." Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 26, no. 5 (May 3, 2020): 657–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236198.2020.1780220.

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3

Salinas, Carlos F. "Restricted visibility: In Search of a Solution." Journal of Navigation 59, no. 2 (April 6, 2006): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346330621378x.

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In order to avoid a collision it has clearly been proved that for most seafarers there exists a set of possible situations known as head-on, crossing and overtaking, while ignoring in a general way the behaviour they should carry out when their vessel is in conditions of restricted visibility. It is obvious that the existence of two different manoeuvre methods in relation to the prevailing visibility confuses the navigator. But there is still more. With the arrival of AIS, the present wording of paragraph d) of Rule 19 leaves the seafarer in a state of total uncertainty when deciding the appropriate manoeuvre, so its amendment must be dealt with as a maximum priority. The following paper tries to find a solution to the dilemma, even though this does not imply a radical change in the general conception that a mariner may have of collision avoidance.

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4

Pietrzykowski, Zbigniew, Marek Siemianowicz, and Mirosław Wielgosz. "Ship Domain in Various Visibility Conditions in Restricted Waters." Annual of Navigation 25, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aon-2018-0003.

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AbstractShip domain is one of navigational safety assessment criteria. Its shape and size depend on many factors, including visibility. This article examines the influence of visibility on the shape and dimensions of ship domain in restricted waters. The research was conducted using a simulator of the ECDIS system with the participation of experts’ navigators. The domains of ships in good and restricted visibility have been compared.

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5

Szlapczynski, Rafal. "Evolutionary Planning of Safe Ship Tracks in Restricted Visibility." Journal of Navigation 68, no. 1 (September 26, 2014): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463314000587.

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The paper presents the continuation of the author's research on ship track planning by means of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA). The presented method uses EA to search for an optimal set of safe tracks for all ships involved in an encounter. Until now the method assumed good visibility – compliance with standard rules of the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS, 1972). However, in restricted visibility, when Rule 19 applies instead of Rules 11 to 18, the problem is a different one. Therefore this paper introduces the extended method, with a focus on compliance with Rule 19 and its implications. It includes descriptions of detecting, penalizing and eliminating violations of Rule 19. The method has been implemented and the paper contains sample results of computer simulation tests carried out for ship encounters in restricted visibility in both open and restricted waters. They confirm the effectiveness of the chosen approach and suggest that the method could be applied in on board decision support systems.

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FUCHI, Masaki, Shoji FUJIMOTO, Shinnosuke USUI, and Kohei HIRONO. "Vector Modes and Applying Sailing Rules in Restricted Visibility." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 132 (2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.132.9.

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Mansour, Toufik, Reza Rastegar, and Alexander Roitershtein. "Horizontal visibility graph of a random restricted growth sequence." Advances in Applied Mathematics 124 (March 2021): 102145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aam.2020.102145.

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8

SASA, Kenji, Shinji MIZUI, and Tadashi HIBINO. "A Basic Study on Difficulties of Ship Operation Under Restricted Visibility Due to Heavy Fog." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 112 (2005): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.112.13.

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9

Biswas, Debmalya, and Krishnamurthy Vidyasankar. "Optimal Compensation for Hierarchical Web Services Compositions Under Restricted Visibility." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 3, no. 4 (October 2011): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisss.2011100102.

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Over the years, the notion of transactions has become synonymous with providing fault-tolerance, reliability and robustness to database systems. To extend the same transactional guarantees to new and evolving paradigms, such as Web service, the transactional mechanisms must first be adapted to the distinguishing characteristics of Web services, mainly composability, long-running nature, and privacy and security concerns. Composability refers to the ability to form new composite services by combining the functionalities of existing services. Due to their long-running nature, compensation based mechanisms are usually preferred to provide transactional guarantees for Web services. Compensation requires access (visibility) over the execution details of the services in the composition. However, such visibility may not always be feasible in a compositional context where component services are provided by different providers across organizational boundaries, with very strong privacy and security constraints. This paper looks at compensation options for Web services in a hierarchical composition. Multiple compensation options may be available for a composite service both at the same level and at different levels of the hierarchy. This paper shows how to find an optimal compensation option under restricted visibility.

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Browning, David, and Peter Herstein. "Environmental vocalization adaptation: Animals compensating for restricted visibility and mobility." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, no. 5 (May 2017): 3715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4988127.

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11

LAZARD, SYLVAIN, CHRISTOPHE WEIBEL, SUE WHITESIDES, and LINQIAO ZHANG. "A SUCCINCT 3D VISIBILITY SKELETON." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 02, no. 04 (December 2010): 567–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830910000899.

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The 3D visibility skeleton is a data structure that encodes the global visibility information of a set of 3D objects. While it is useful in answering global visibility queries, its large size often limits its practical use. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a subset of the visibility skeleton, which is empirically about 25% to 50% of the whole set. We show that the rest of the data structure can be recovered from the subset as needed, partially or completely. The running time complexity, which we analyze in terms of output size, is efficient. We also prove that the subset is minimal in the sense that the complexity bound ceases to hold if the subset is restricted further.

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12

MATSUMURA, Hisashi. "Consideration of Information Characteristic and Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 72 (1985): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.72.107.

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13

Wang, Tao, Jing Lv, and Wei Ren. "Study on Collision Avoidance of Head-on Situation in Restricted Visibility." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.74.

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In restricted visibility, great risk of collision exists between vessels formed a "head-on situation" geometrically. Started with the estimation on this particular situation and based on the requirements in COLREGS and applications of good seamanship, this paper explored the proper avoidance methods. Combined with the practice work at sea, the author collected some data about this special situation. By analyzing these data, the author found some defects in the practice work and gave some reasonable suggestions.

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14

Sánchez-Arias, Mônica Del Rosario, Ana Francisca Rozin Kleiner, Ágata Yoko Yasue Hamanaka, Paulo Roberto Pereira Santiago, Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi, and Florindo Stella. "Visual restriction and anterior-posterior body oscillations in Parkinson’s disease." Acta Fisiátrica 19, no. 3 (September 9, 2012): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v19i3a103709.

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With their vision restricted, sufferers of Parkinson’s disease (PD) make few anticipatory and/or compensatory adjustments in their posture and the evidence of these adjustments is even less when the disease progresses and body oscillations are considered. Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of visual restriction on the anterior-posterior body oscillation angles in parkinsonian stance considering the early stages of this disease. Method: Ten elderly PD patients with Hoehn & Yahr (HY) stage 2 remained standing still for 30 seconds to measure the body oscillation angles with and without restricted vision. Results: Two-way ANOVA analyses with repeated measurements revealed the main effect of vision (F(1,7) = 8.931, p < 0.02). Conclusion: The angles of the anterior-posterior body oscillations without visibility were greater than with visibility. They did not differ in correlation with the HY stages and visibility conditions interfered with the postural control regardless of the PD evolution stage.

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15

FUJIMOTO, Shoji. "Determination Point of "a Close-quarters Situation is Developing in Restricted Visibility"." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 102 (2000): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.102.227.

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16

Koshaev, D. A. "GNSS-based heading determination under satellite restricted visibility with a static baseline." Gyroscopy and Navigation 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2075108713030061.

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17

Faigl, Jan. "Approximate Solution of the Multiple Watchman Routes Problem With Restricted Visibility Range." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 21, no. 10 (October 2010): 1668–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnn.2010.2070518.

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18

Lamb, W. G. P. "Calculation of the Geometry of Ship Collision Zones." Journal of Navigation 42, no. 2 (May 1989): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300014508.

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An account of the calculation of the geometry of collision zones surrounding vessels engaged in overtaking and meeting encounters is given. The zones are calculated for a range of mariners' decision times corresponding to clear and restricted visibility. The determination of encounter risk from the size of the zones is discussed.

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19

Lei, Yuong-Wei, and Ming Ouhyoung. "Carving: a novel method of visibility preprocess- ing for un-restricted three-dimensional environments." Visual Computer 13, no. 6 (August 26, 1997): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003710050104.

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20

Liu, Ning, Xingling Shao, Jie Li, and Wendong Zhang. "Attitude restricted back-stepping anti-disturbance control for vision based quadrotors with visibility constraint." ISA Transactions 100 (May 2020): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2019.11.004.

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21

Gevrek, İsmail, Murat Akın, and Metin Guru. "Analysis of Pilot Distance Estimation in Different Lighting and Visibility Conditions." Defence Science Journal 73, no. 06 (November 1, 2023): 633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.73.19080.

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Several studies on distance and size estimation have focused on normal and night vision goggles (NVGs), but none of them have been performed during the twilight period. Hence, in this study, distance was estimated for the first time during nautical twilight. According to the findings, the accuracy of distance estimation reduces as visibility decreases and is restricted. When compared with Day Limited Helmet Mounted Display Vision (M = 5.27, SD = .59), Twilight Normal Vision (M = 5.33, SD = .69) and Twilight Helmet Mounted Display Vision (M = 5.20, SD = .61), NVG (M = 4.79, SD = .57) appears to have a lower error rate. In this study, distance was estimated considering objects determined during the helicopter flight by the pilots in different visibility conditions, which are significant in the field of aviation. This work is unique owing to its coverage of helicopter pilots and the estimation during the twilight period. In view of our findings, it may be reasonable to postpone the planned helicopter flights during poor visibility conditions.

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22

Kondratiuk, Vasyl, Eduard Kovalevskiy, and Svitlana Ilnytska. "Integrated Positioning System With Restricted Access to Navigation Satellite Signals." Transport and Aerospace Engineering 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tae-2017-0019.

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Abstract Global satellite navigation system (GNSS) is by far the most cost-effective outdoor positioning technology currently available and used for many types of applications. In some cases a user may face difficult conditions, like restricted access to the navigation satellites due to natural or man-made phenomena. This paper presents an idea of an integrated positioning system capable of functioning under limited visibility conditions of navigation satellites. The system includes a digital antenna array, channels for converting radio navigation signals, a phase difference meter, a gyro platform with 3 gyros, an altimeter and a special calculator. With the help of mathematical modeling, the accuracy characteristics of the system are investigated by determining the coordinates of the carrier under conditions of a small number of available satellite signals.

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23

Нгуен, Т. З. "Research on determination method of the true visibility on vessels based on radar and light intensity chart of the lighthouse." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 2(52) (June 5, 2021): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2021.52.2.019.

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Определение истинной видимости является основной морской метеорологической операцией дежурного офицера на борту. В условиях ограниченной видимости суда должны работать в соответствии с Правилом 19 Международных правил предотвращения столкновений на море. Однако в настоящее время нет документов, которые бы четко и количественно давались в руководстве по определению видимости на море. С другой стороны, системы управления безопасностью некоторых судоходных компаний выдают предупреждения, и дежурный офицер должен уведомить или вызвать капитана, когда видимость упадет до определенного предела. Это затрудняет для дежурного офицера принятие независимого решения об избежании столкновения в случае ухудшения видимости. В целях содействия решению актуальной морской проблемы, о которой говорилось выше, целью данной работы является исследование метода определения видимости на борту судна в определенных погодных условиях. Determining the true visibility is a basic marine meteorological operation of the duty officer on board. In the restricted visibility condition, vessels must sailing in accordance with Rule 19, International regulations for preventing collisions at sea. However, there are currently no documents that given clearly and quantitative in the guidance for determining visibility at sea. Otherwise, the warnings in the safety management systems of some shipping companies were given, and the officer of watch must inform or call the captain when the visibility reduced to a certain limit. This makes it difficult for the officer of watch to give the independent collision avoidance decision in the event of reduced visibility. In order to contribute to solve the actual maritime problem which is mentioned above, the goal of the paper is research on determine method of the visibility on board in a certain weather condition.

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24

SURTI, ANKIT, and N. V. REDDY. "NON-DISCRETIZED APPROACH TO VISIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR AUTOMATIC MOLD FEATURE RECOGNITION USING STEP PART MODEL." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 11, no. 01 (April 7, 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686712500011.

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Undercut feature recognition in automatic mold design requires analyzing the visibility/accessibility of the part along a known parting direction, the existing approaches for which are mostly restricted to polyhedral parts or a particular CAD platform or cannot handle partially accessible faces very well. The present work proposes a projection-based methodology to analyze the visibility of a part from a given parting direction without discretizing the part. An approach to further extract undercut features and generate corresponding side-cores is also presented. The implemented system uses STEP AP214/AP203 part files for input and output and has been successfully validated using parts geometrically similar to those used in literature as well as on a number of industrial parts of greater complexity.

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25

Ohn, Sung-Wook, Yu-Min Kwon, and Jun-Gyeon Choi. "A Study on the Improvement of Vessel Traffic Control of Korean Port in Restricted Visibility." Korean Association of Maritime Police Science 11, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30887/jkmps.2021.11.3.145.

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26

Goteman, Örjan, Kip Smith, and Sidney Dekker. "HUD With a Velocity (Flight-Path) Vector Reduces Lateral Error During Landing in Restricted Visibility." International Journal of Aviation Psychology 17, no. 1 (October 2007): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327108ijap1701_6.

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Goteman, Örjan, Kip Smith, and Sidney Dekker. "HUD With a Velocity (Flight-Path) Vector Reduces Lateral Error During Landing in Restricted Visibility." International Journal of Aviation Psychology 17, no. 1 (January 2007): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10508410709336939.

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28

Lamb, W. G. P. "The Calculation of Crossing Collisoion Risk at Sea." Journal of Navigation 40, no. 1 (January 1987): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300000291.

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Mean relative collision risks for marine crossing encounters are derived from calculated encounter rates by the use of a two-part weighting function. The relative importance of the two parts is determined from data concerning the collisions which have taken place during the last few years. The method is applied to the crossing traffic in the English Channel to obtain the optimum crossing angles in both clear and restricted visibility.

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29

Achtemeier, Jacob, Curtis M. Craig, and Nichole L. Morris. "The Effects of Restricted Sight Distances on Drivers at Simulated Rural Intersections." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 2122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631497.

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Short sight distances at rural intersections can result in reduced safety including drivers choosing smaller gaps between oncoming vehicles (Yan & Richards, 2010). Conversely, increased sight distances may result in improved driver confidence, but not safety as seen at rail crossings (Ward & Wilde, 1996). Thus, simply increasing sight distances may not result in linear gains in safety. Establishing appropriate lower and upper-visibility limits at rural intersections will minimize operational costs for clearing and grubbing labor and may reduce serious injury and fatal crashes by promoting safer crossing behavior around rural thru-STOP intersections. This driving simulation study will examine intersection visibility and other intersection design factors that influence driver behavior at rural thru-STOPs. Time to collision, or TTC, is a primary motivating factor on driver decisions to cross intersections. Drivers’ TTC perception is a function of oncoming vehicle speed, distance, and rate of retinal expansion (tau; Hancock & Manser, 1997). We hypothesize TTC factors may interact with confidence in intersection crossing judgments. Specifically, when people must quickly make judgments, their confidence must be estimated after the decision has been made, but if the time pressure is not high and the decision is not immediate, people’s judgments and their confidence in those judgments can both be considered prior to action. This can be problematic because people are normally overconfident in their judgments (Harvey, 1997). The present study comprised a crossing judgment block, and a mainline drive block. The experimental stimuli were validated by engineers with experience in rural intersections, who rated the simulated intersections as “significantly representative” to real-world intersections through an average rating score of 5.25 ( SD = 0.5) on a 7-pt scale. This was done to ensure that the study findings would be more likely to be applicable to world intersections. The goal of the study is to identify whether sight distance and other variables, including speed for the judgment task and vehicle proximity to the intersection for the mainline drive task, impact safety at rural intersections.

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30

Kaushik, Jaya, Eram Riyaz, Ankita Singh, Anju Pannu, S. Srikanth, and Rahul Anargh. "How COVID-19 affected pivots of Ophthalmology? The optics and the eyes." Latin American Journal of Ophthalmology 5 (November 5, 2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/lajo_6_2022.

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The pandemic has forced the health-care system to adopt newer approach toward patient care. With the changing scenario of health-care delivery, ophthalmologists had to bring about several changes in the way, the patients are seen and operated on. Contact procedures were entirely restricted to emergencies while modifications were introduced to minimize the exposure of the surgeon. However, these modifications were introduced just keeping in mind the spread of infection. The probability that these modifications could affect the optics in ophthalmology is high and cannot be ruled out. The aim of the study was to highlight the effects of modifications introduced in ophthalmic equipment during the pandemic over the visibility for the surgeon and discuss its impact on patient care in ophthalmology. Thorough search of the literature on PubMed using keywords, visibility and personal protective equipment (PPE), fogging and PPE, face mask and fogging, aberrations and PPE, and surgeries and PPE were done. We found 35 articles which highlighted the effects on visibility with PPE and effects on eyes with prolonged wearing of masks. Several factors have contributed to reduction in visibility for the surgeon. These factors have, in turn, affected the overall quality of examination and surgical outcome in ophthalmology. The use of PPE during the pandemic could have been a contributory factor for missing relevant findings during examination of patients. For ophthalmologists in particular, the visibility and optics play a crucial role in the management of the patient and have been invariable affected by introduction of modifications at the instrument and surgeon level.

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31

Hu, Bo, Xingying Zhang, Rui Sun, and Xianchun Zhu. "Retrieval of Horizontal Visibility Using MODIS Data: A Deep Learning Approach." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (November 25, 2019): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120740.

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Horizontal visibility (HVIS) is a primary index used for assessing air quality. Although satellite images provide information regarding atmospheric aerosols, atmospheric visibility is not directly measured. In this paper, a deep learning approach is proposed to retrieve HVIS using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis dataset, and ground-based visibility observations. The deep neural network model comprises a multi-layer unsupervised restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) and a layer for supervised learning. The dropout mechanism was used in the training process to overcome the errors caused by over-fitting. The results demonstrate that the correlation coefficient values between HVIS observations and retrievals during training, pre-validating, and evaluation were 0.74, 0.723, and 0.697, respectively. The retrieved HVIS in Eastern China exhibited a north-to-south increasing trend, increasing and decreasing in summer and winter, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed model presents an effective and more reliable method for HVIS retrieval. However, the small samples, low AOD, low albedo, high total column water, high longitude, and the low vertical wind component at 10 m likely cause HVIS bias.

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32

Yoo, Sang-Lok, and Jae-yong Jeong. "An Empirical Study to Improve Vessel Departure Control Regulations for Restricted Visibility, Focused on Pyeongtaek Port." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 24, no. 7 (December 31, 2018): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2018.24.7.858.

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33

Lisowski, Józef. "Sensitivity of computer support game algorithms of safe ship control." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 23, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2013-0033.

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The paper investigates the sensitivity of safe ship control to inaccurate data from the ARPA anti-collision radar system and to changes in the process control parameters. The system structure of safe ship control in collision situations and computer support programmes exploring information from the ARPA anti-collision radar are presented. Sensitivity characteristics of the multistage positional non-cooperative and cooperative game and kinematics optimization control algorithms are determined through examples of navigational situations with restricted visibility at sea.

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Lisowski, Józef. "Dynamic Games Methods in Synthesis of Safe Ship Control Algorithms." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (October 1, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7586496.

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The paper presents application of dynamic games methods, multistage positional and multistep matrix games, to automate the process control of moving objects, on the example of safe control of own ship in collision situations when passing many ships encountered. Taking into consideration two types of ships cooperation, for each of the two types of games, positional and matrix, four control algorithms for determining a safe ship trajectory supporting the navigator’s maneuvering decision in a collision situation are presented. The considerations are illustrated by examples of computer simulation in Matlab/Simulink software of safe trajectories of a ship in a real situation at sea. Taking into account the smallest final deviation game trajectory from the reference trajectory of movement, in good visibility at sea, the best is trajectory for cooperative matrix game, but in restricted visibility at sea, the best is trajectory for cooperative positional game.

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35

Pradhan, Dibya Kishor, and Bulu Maharana. "User Interface Features and Knowledge Organisation Systems in Institutional Repositories A Case Study of Centrally Funded Technical Institutions in India." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 42, no. 5 (October 11, 2022): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.42.5.18232.

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Institutional Repositories (IRs) are effective systems for managing and disseminating institutions’ in scholarly communication. More specifically, an IR enhances the visibility and discoverability of the content and validates the repository’s importance. Knowledge Organisation System (KOS) strengthens the digital content organisation, connects users with collections, and improves information retrieval functionalities. This paper investigates the present status of user interface features and incorporates KOS in the institutional repository of technical institutions, restricted to Centrally Funded Technical Institutions in India. A group of twenty-four web-accessible institutional repositories was identified, and their KOS and user interface features were evaluated. It was found that user interfaces of all IRs under study comply with essential search and navigation functionalities, such as simple and advanced search, browsing, faceted or filtering approaches, and integration with multiple KOS. Only a few of them include complex KOS, such as control vocabulary. All repositories show their search results in both normal-text and metadata views. Some have specific display features, such as highlighting the query or displaying a thumbnail. Google is one of the most popular search engines that indexes IR content for visibility and discoverability, and approximately 90 per cent of repositories are linked with NDLI. Global visibility and impact participation are moderate, and they require attention.

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Beck, Paul Allen, Lawrence Baum, Aage R. Clausen, and Charles E. Smith. "Patterns and Sources of Ticket Splitting in Subpresidential Voting." American Political Science Review 86, no. 4 (December 1992): 916–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1964344.

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The primary source of divided government in the United States is voters who split their ballots between the parties. Yet there has been little comprehensive examination of either patterns or sources of ticket splitting in recent years. Instead, divergent lines of research have emerged, emphasizing such things as voter partisanship, incumbency, and a “new” (young, well-educated, even partisan) kind of ticket splitter; and their focus has been too often restricted to the atypical president–Congress pair. We seek to unify these research traditions in a comprehensive model of split-ticket voting and to test this model across the partisan ballot in a typical election setting-here, the contests for five Ohio state-wide offices in 1990. The model incorporates partisan strength, candidate visibility, and the individual characteristics that distinguish the “new ticket splitters”. The results support our partisan strength and candidate visibility explanations but provide little support for the emergence of a new type of ticket splitter.

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Suleiman, Mathieu N., Ann-Sophie Kaemmerer, Jörg Fechner, Ehab Nooh, Michael Weyand, and Christian Heim. "Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion on a Beating Heart during Minimally Invasive Valve Surgery Using an Aortic Endoclamp: A Case Report." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2023): 6325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196325.

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Concomitant LAA occlusion has been shown to be an effective and safe treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation during cardiac surgery to prevent embolic stroke. Minimally invasive procedures are challenging due to restricted access to and visibility of the surgical site. Also, aortic endoclamping has been developed as an alternative surgical approach to exoclamping. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the method of beating heart LAA occlusion with the Atriclip® (AtriCure, Mason, OH, USA) device during minimally invasive mitral valve surgery while using the endoclamping alternative for aortic cross-clamping.

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Jin, Jing, Wuhong Wang, Geert Wets, Xiao Wang, Yan Mao, and Xiaobei Jiang. "Effect of Restricted Sight on Right-Turn Driver Behavior with Pedestrians at Signalized Intersection." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 565394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/565394.

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When the right-turn vehicles share the same phase with pedestrians on divided lanes at intersection, the stopped buses or medium-size vehicles that closed to the right-turn vehicles would block the view of drivers and pedestrians from the far-side of crosswalk. This paper aims at analyzing the changes of lag/gap acceptance behavior with/without considering sight obstruction and the headway of following right-turn vehicles by video observation. Cumulative Weibull distribution function was used to estimate parameters of lag/gap acceptance probabilities. The result showed that right-turn drivers tend to accept a smaller lag/gap with restricted sight, and it would lead to more potential conflicts between right-turn vehicles and pedestrians. However, larger headway of following right-turn vehicles with sight obstruction may result in delay and reduced capacity in right-turn lanes. This study will hopefully improve the understanding of the relationship between visibility and pedestrian-vehicle conflicts.

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Rothermel, M., N. Haala, and D. Fritsch. "Generating Oriented Pointsets From Redundant Depth Maps Using Restricted Quadtrees." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3 (August 11, 2014): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-281-2014.

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In this article we present an algorithm for the fusion of depth images derived by dense image matching (DIM). One key idea of our algorithm is to generate a 2D triangulation for each available depth map in the image sequence using a restricted quadtrees (RQT). On the one hand this guarantees <i>matching triangulations</i>, on the other hand this creates the possibility to reduce points in the noise range not contributing to the geometry in a controlled manner. By vertex decimation computational efforts in subsequent processing steps are eased. In order to reduce IO overhead, the algorithm is designed in an iterative way: an initial triangulation is lifted to 3D space and, if pixel footprints are comparable, updated using depths of the subsequent map in the sequence. Previously not observed surface regions or surface patches observed only with adverse precision are removed from the existing model and updated by more appropriate triangulations. Thereby differences in scale across depth maps are handled which is particularly important to preserve details and obtain surfaces with the best reconstruction geometry. To remove outliers visibility constraints are forced. The input is overlapping depth images and their poses in space, the output are point coordinates representing the surface, their respective normals and to some degree spatial neighbourhood information of points represented as a non-watertight mesh. The performance of the algorithm will be evaluated on a close range and a oblique aerial dataset.

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Zhao, Lin, Jiachang Jiang, Liang Li, Chun Jia, and Jianhua Cheng. "High-Accuracy Real-Time Kinematic Positioning with Multiple Rover Receivers Sharing Common Clock." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040823.

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Since the traditional real-time kinematic positioning method is limited by the reduced satellite visibility from the deprived navigational environments, we, therefore, propose an improved RTK method with multiple rover receivers sharing a common clock. The proposed method can enhance observational redundancy by blending the observations from each rover receiver together so that the model strength will be improved. Integer ambiguity resolution of the proposed method is challenged in the presence of several inter-receiver biases (IRB). The IRB including inter-receiver code bias (IRCB) and inter-receiver phase bias (IRPB) is calibrated by the pre-estimation method because of their temporal stability. Multiple BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) dual-frequency datasets are collected to test the proposed method. The experimental results have shown that the IRCB and IRPB under the common clock mode are sufficiently stable for the ambiguity resolution. Compared with the traditional method, the ambiguity resolution success rate and positioning accuracy of the proposed method can be improved by 19.5% and 46.4% in the restricted satellite visibility environments.

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Critchley-Marrows, Joshua J. R., Xiaofeng Wu, Yosuke Kawabata, and Shinichi Nakasuka. "Autonomous and Earth-Independent Orbit Determination for a Lunar Navigation Satellite System." Aerospace 11, no. 2 (February 14, 2024): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11020153.

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In recent years, the number of expected missions to the Moon has increased significantly. With limited terrestrial-based infrastructure to support this number of missions, as well as restricted visibility over intended mission areas, there is a need for space navigation system autonomy. Autonomous on-board navigation systems in the lunar environment have been the subject of study by a number of authors. Suggested systems include optical navigation, high-sensitivity Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, and navigation-linked formation flying. This paper studies the interoperable nature and fusion of proposed autonomous navigation systems that are independent of Earth infrastructure, given challenges in distance and visibility. This capability is critically important for safe and resilient mission architectures. The proposed elliptical frozen orbits of lunar navigation satellite systems will be of special interest, investigating the derivation of orbit determination by non-terrestrial sources utilizing celestial observations and inter-satellite links. Potential orbit determination performances around 100 m are demonstrated, highlighting the potential of the approach for future lunar navigation infrastructure.

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Lisowski, Józef, and Mostefa Mohamed-Seghir. "Comparison of Computational Intelligence Methods Based on Fuzzy Sets and Game Theory in the Synthesis of Safe Ship Control Based on Information from a Radar ARPA System." Remote Sensing 11, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11010082.

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This article presents safe ship control optimization design for navigator advisory system. Optimal safe ship control is presented as multistage decision-making in a fuzzy environment and as multistep decision-making in a game environment. The navigator’s subjective and the maneuvering parameters are taken under consideration in the model process. A computer simulation of fuzzy neural anticollision (FNAC) and matrix game anticollision (MGAC) algorithms was carried out on MATLAB software on an example of the real navigational situation of passing three encountered ships in the Skagerrak Strait, in good and restricted visibility at sea. The developed solution can be applied in decision-support systems on board a ship.

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Ito, Tomotaka, Masanori Kamiue, Tomonori Kihara, Yuta Ishimaru, Daisuke Kimura, and Akio Tsubahara. "Visual Attention and Motion Visibility Modulate Motor Resonance during Observation of Human Walking in Different Manners." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060679.

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To advance our knowledge on the motor system during cyclic gait observation, we aimed to explore the effects of gaze fixation on corticospinal excitability evaluated by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Fourteen healthy adult volunteers watched a video of a demonstrator walking on a treadmill under three different conditions: (1) observing the right lower limb, (2) observing the right ankle joint, and (3) observing the right lower limb on a video focused on the area below the knee. In each condition, motor-evoked potentials elicited by TMS in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were measured synchronously with the demonstrator’s initial contact and toe-off points. Directing visual attention to the ankle joint and focusing on its movements caused corticospinal facilitation in the TA muscle compared with watching the video without any visual fixation. In addition, phase-dependent differences in corticospinal excitability between the initial contact and toe-off points were only detected when the visibility range was restricted to below the knee. Our findings indicated that motor resonance during cyclic gait observation is modulated by visual attention and motion visibility in different activation manners.

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Rømer, Hans, H. J. Styhr Petersen, and Palle Haastrup. "Marine Accident Frequencies – Review and Recent Empirical Results." Journal of Navigation 48, no. 3 (September 1995): 410–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346330001290x.

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Marine accident frequencies reported in 20 different sources have been studied and compared. Further than this, comparisons were made with an analysis done by the present authors. There seems to be consistency within the sources in the use of the terms total loss, casualty and accident/incident. The rates were observed to decrease by an order of magnitude going from accident/incident to casualty and likewise from casualty to total loss. The overall frequencies were found to be in the range of 0·0009 to 0·07 total losses per 106 ship miles, 0·03 to 1 casualties per 106 ship miles, and 0·5 to 13 accidents/incidents per 106 ship miles. It was found that the frequency depends on visibility, brightness, geographical environment, age of vessel and size of vessel. Collision and grounding frequencies were found to increase with decreasing visibility, brightness and more restricted waters. Collision frequencies were found to increase with increasing size of vessel. Fire/explosion and structural damage frequencies were found to increase with increasing age, and collisions to decrease with increasing age. No firm trend was found from the effect of flag state or type of vessel.

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Ward, Nicholas John, and Gerald J. S. Wilde. "Field observation of advance warning/advisory signage for passive railway crossings with restricted lateral sightline visibility: An experimental investigation." Accident Analysis & Prevention 27, no. 2 (April 1995): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(94)00057-s.

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ROY, GILLES, and LUC R. BISSONNETTE. "STANDOFF DETERMINATION OF BIOAEROSOL SIZE BASED ON DOUBLE SCATTERING MEASUREMENT WITH MFOV LIDAR: CONCEPT AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 02 (June 2008): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156408005473.

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We investigate the use of multiple scattering via Multiple-Field-Of-View (MFOV) lidar signals to characterize bioaerosol particles size and concentration from ground based lidar over distances shorter than a few kilometers. The MFOV lidar signal is calculated for background aerosols at a wavelength 355 nm for a visibility of 30 km. The optical depths studied are small and the calculations are restricted to second order scattering. Also since background aerosols are constituted of relatively small particles which diffuse the light at large angles, the fields of view (FOV) range from 1 to 100 mrad full angle. We show that the MFOV lidar measurements contain exploitable information on particle size and extinction.

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TAKEMOTO, Takahiro, Yoshiharu SAKAMOTO, Masao FURUSHO, and Hiroyuki SHIMADA. "The Characteristics of the Human Elements in the Case of Ships' Collision Accidents Occurred in Restricted Visibility and at Night." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 117 (2007): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.117.221.

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Domingo, Inés, Claire Smith, Gary Jackson, and Didac Roman. "Hidden Sites, Hidden Images, Hidden Meanings: Does the Location and Visibility of Motifsand Sites Correlate to Restricted or Open Access?" Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 27, no. 3 (July 14, 2020): 699–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10816-020-09465-8.

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Dorr, Michael, Manuel Wille, Tiberiu Viulet, Edward Sanchez, Peter J. Bex, Zhong-Lin Lu, and Luis Lesmes. "Next-generation vision testing: the quick CSF." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2015-0034.

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AbstractThe Contrast Sensitivity Function relates the spatial frequency and contrast of a spatial pattern to its visibility and thus provides a fundamental description of visual function. However, the current clinical standard of care typically restricts assessment to visual acuity, i.e. the smallest stimulus size that can be resolved at full contrast; alternatively, tests of contrast sensitivity are typically restricted to assessment of the lowest visible contrast for a fixed letter size. This restriction to one-dimensional subspaces of a two-dimensional space was necessary when stimuli were printed on paper charts and simple scoring rules were applied manually. More recently, however, computerized testing and electronic screens have enabled more flexible stimulus displays and more complex test algorithms. For example, the quick CSF method uses a Bayesian adaptive procedure and an information maximization criterion to select only informative stimuli; testing times to precisely estimate the whole contrast sensitivity function are reduced to 2-5 minutes. Here, we describe the implementation of the quick CSF method in a medical device. We make several usability enhancements to make it suitable for use in clinical settings. A first usability study shows excellent results, with a mean System Usability Scale score of 86.5.

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Halim, Suwarni Wijaya, and Katharina Endriati Sukamto. "The (in)visibility of Torajan language: A study on linguistic landscape in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Studies in English Language and Education 10, no. 3 (September 16, 2023): 1585–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v10i3.27931.

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The Torajan language is the heritage language of the Torajan people, which reflects the local wisdom and identity of the people. Yet, with the popularity of Indonesian and English as the lingua franca, there is a concern for the domain, status, and vitality of the Torajan language within the society. Therefore, this study aims to study the visibility of the language. This study offers a novel approach by looking at the use of the Torajan language in the linguistic landscape in two regencies, Tana Toraja and Toraja Utara, to determine its position in the community. The research utilized a case study design, and the source of data is linguistic landscapes found along Jalan Poros Rantepao–Makale which connects the two regencies. The images of linguistic landscapes were collected by viewing the Google Street View facility provided by Google Maps, and the languages in those linguistic landscapes were noted. The findings show that Indonesian and English dominate the linguistic landscape in Tana Toraja and Toraja Utara, and the Torajan language is minimally represented in the public space of these two regencies. The lack of visibility of the language in the public space might be caused by the restricted use of the language for familial talks at home and oral indigenous rituals. However, the Torajan language needs to be used more frequently in public spaces since it could promote a positive attitude of the people, which would in turn solidify the position of the language in the society.

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