Journal articles: 'Restoration feedback'

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Yamazaki, T., M. J. Brunner, and K. Sagawa. "Pulsatile vs. mean component of baroreflex compensation for posthemorrhage hypotension." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 254, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): H1074—H1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.254.6.h1074.

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We studied the influence of pulsatile pressure and mean arterial pressure signals on the restoration of arterial pressure after 10% hemorrhage in seven anesthetized dogs. After transection of the aortic nerve, a quick 10% hemorrhage was repeated under four different sinus conditions: condition 1, carotid sinus pressure depulsated and fixed at a level equal to the prehemorrhage level (no feedback); condition 2, pulsatile component of aortic pressure fed back to the carotid sinus with a fixed mean pressure (pulsatile feedback); condition 3, depulsated mean aortic pressure fed back (mean pressure feedback); condition 4, both pulsatile and mean pressure fed back (pulsatile plus mean component feedback). The restoration of arterial pressure in condition 2 was not significantly different from that in condition 1, but there was greater restoration in conditions 3 and 4. At 1.5 min posthemorrhage, the open-loop gains calculated from the restoration values were nearly zero for the pulsatile feedback only, 2.8 +/- 0.8 for mean arterial pressure feedback, and 1.5 +/- 0.3 for pulsatile and mean pressure feedback. These results indicate that the pulsatile component of the carotid baroreflex contributes minimally to the restoration of arterial pressure after 10% hemorrhage in the anesthetized dog.

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Turetsky, Vladimir. "Two Inverse Problems Solution by Feedback Tracking Control." Axioms 10, no. 3 (June 28, 2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10030137.

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Two inverse ill-posed problems are considered. The first problem is an input restoration of a linear system. The second one is a restoration of time-dependent coefficients of a linear ordinary differential equation. Both problems are reformulated as auxiliary optimal control problems with regularizing cost functional. For the coefficients restoration problem, two control models are proposed. In the first model, the control coefficients are approximated by the output and the estimates of its derivatives. This model yields an approximating linear-quadratic optimal control problem having a known explicit solution. The derivatives are also obtained as auxiliary linear-quadratic tracking controls. The second control model is accurate and leads to a bilinear-quadratic optimal control problem. The latter is tackled in two ways: by an iterative procedure and by a feedback linearization. Simulation results show that a bilinear model provides more accurate coefficients estimates.

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Kayerova, Elena V., Natalya S. Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina A. Kozina, and Olga V. Shakirova. "Restoration of Upper Limb Motor Function After Stroke." Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine 20, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2021-20-1-21-26.

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Since the task of eliminating the consequences of a stroke remains unsolved, research on the use of robotic simulators equipped with feedback to restore upper limb motor functions is of particular relevance. Aim of the study was to conduct an experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of the Anika sensory glove with biological feedback for the restoration of upper extremity motor function in the early period of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods. We analyzed 108 medical histories and selected 28 patients with a single history of stroke and moderate cognitive disorders, which were divided into 2 groups - control and experimental with 14 individuals each. Patients of the control group engaged in therapeutic physical culture according to the traditional methodology adopted in neurological practice and aimed at restoring muscle strength, passive and active movements of the upper extremity. Trainings using the sensory glove Anika with biological feedback were included in the therapeutic physical culture training program for the experimental group. Results. The inclusion of special exercises on the Anika simulator with biological feedback in a comprehensive physical rehabilitation program increases the effectiveness of the recovery process, contributing to improving articular mobility, reducing spasticity, increasing muscle strength of the hand, reducing the level of personal and situational anxiety, normalizing psychoemotional state and increasing the functional mobility of stroke patients. Conclusion. The use of the sensory glove Anika with biological feedback in the early recovery period contributed to the expansion of the motor activity of patients, the development of self-care skills, psychological and social adaptation.

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Wan, Jia, Kaihao Zhang, Hongdong Li, and Antoni B. Chan. "Angular-Driven Feedback Restoration Networks for Imperfect Sketch Recognition." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 (2021): 5085–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3071711.

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Guo, Zhenyu, Yujuan Sun, Muwei Jian, and Xiaofeng Zhang. "Deep Residual Network with Sparse Feedback for Image Restoration." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 2417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122417.

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A deep neural network is difficult to train due to a large number of unknown parameters. To increase trainable performance, we present a moderate depth residual network for the restoration of motion blurring and noisy images. The proposed network has only 10 layers, and the sparse feedbacks are added in the middle and the last layers, which are called FbResNet. FbResNet has fast convergence speed and effective denoising performance. In addition, it can also reduce the artificial Mosaic trace at the seam of patches, and visually pleasant output results can be produced from the blurred images or noisy images. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our designed model and method.

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Chen, Yang, Yan Cheng Liu, and Chuan Wang. "Feedback Particle Swarm Optimization for Shipboard Power System Restoration." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1902–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1902.

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The fast network restoration is required to restore the Shipboard power system (SPS) to near pre-fault condition for proper functioning. This paper proposed an improved Particle Swarm Optimization for restoration of shipboard power system. Firstly, we proposed an improvement strategy of S-Curve Decreasing Inertia Weight. Secondly, the feedback mechanism was introduced to improve the algorithm rate of convergence. Particle swarm optimization algorithm enables to find the optimal combination of loads that can be supplied after the occurrence of the fault, considering the priorities of the loads and the constraint of balance between the total load and total generation. The proposed method is applied to a naval shipboard power system model.

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Morandi, Bertrand, Hervé Piégay, Nicolas Lamouroux, and Lise Vaudor. "How is success or failure in river restoration projects evaluated? Feedback from French restoration projects." Journal of Environmental Management 137 (May 2014): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.02.010.

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Miller, Joseph M., Hugo N. Villegas Pico, Ian Dobson, Andrey Bernstein, and Bai Cui. "Feedback control approaches for restoration of power grids from blackouts." Electric Power Systems Research 211 (October 2022): 108414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108414.

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Kandlikar, M., and I. Jacobs. "Analysis of quantized feedback low-frequency restoration in digital regenerators." IEEE Transactions on Communications 38, no. 8 (1990): 1118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.58740.

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Foerde, Karin, and Joanna E. Steinglass. "Decreased feedback learning in anorexia nervosa persists after weight restoration." International Journal of Eating Disorders 50, no. 4 (April 2017): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.22709.

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Zhou, Chaowei, Xiaoming Feng, Yichu Huang, Xiaofeng Wang, and Xinrong Zhang. "The Indirect Impact of Surface Vegetation Improvement on the Climate Response of Sand-Dust Events in Northern China." Atmosphere 12, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030339.

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Extensive ecosystem restoration is increasingly seen as an essential practice to mitigate climate change and protect the ecological environment. However, the indirect impact of surface vegetation improvement on the regional climate, such as the climate effect of sand-dust events reduction, has never been evaluated. Here, we estimated the feedback of temperature and precipitation on the change of sand-dust events, arising from the vegetation growth with ecological restoration, using a simple theoretical framework with a series of scenario simulations based on a regional climate model (RegCM). The results showed that revegetation reduced dust emissions, with a contribution rate of approximately 40.15%. With the combined influence of ecological restoration and climate change, the cooling effect of sand-dust events strengthened with the increase in the intensity of sand-dust events, which is mainly caused by the strong absorption of shortwave radiation by the atmosphere. The response of precipitation was uncertain because of tropospheric circulation feedback and shortwave radiation absorption. Our results also indicate that changes in sand-dust events caused by vegetation restoration play important roles in shaping the future climate near the arid and semi-arid regions of northern China. The climatic effects of sand-dust events should be included in assessing ecological restoration impacts to promote sustainable development and enhance our understanding of climate change.

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Schnermann, J., and J. P. Briggs. "Restoration of tubuloglomerular feedback in volume-expanded rats by angiotensin II." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 259, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): F565—F572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1990.259.4.f565.

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Experiments were performed in anesthetized rats to examine whether angiotensin II corrects the attenuation of tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) responses produced by acute extracellular volume expansion. Volume expansion was achieved by an infusion of isotonic saline at a rate of 9 ml/h. When urine flow had stabilized, an increase in loop of Henle flow from 0 to 45 nl/min caused a fall in stop-flow pressure (PSF) by 3.7 +/- 0.3 mmHg and in single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) by 5.1 +/- 1.7 nl/min. During continued saline administration angiotensin II was infused at 16, 48, or 96 ng.kg-1.min-1 while renal arterial pressure was held constant by suprarenal aortic clamping. The mean responses of PSF increased to 5.9 +/- 0.6, 9.8 +/- 0.7, and 14.9 +/- 1.7 mmHg. Angiotensin II infused at 54 ng.kg-1.min-1 increased the SNGFR response to 15.1 +/- 2.1 nl/min, whereas kidney GFR and distal SNGFR fell. Subcapsular pressure was not significantly altered by angiotensin II infusion (16 ng.kg-1.min-1). Plasma angiotensin (y, pg/ml) as a function of angiotensin II infusion rate (x, ng.kg-1.min-1 for approximately 20 min) was found to fit the function y = 2.89 + 3.53x. An infusion of approximately 15 ng.kg-1.min-1 restored plasma angiotensin levels in the volume-expanded rats to hydropenic values. These data confirm that angiotensin II may play a role as a physiological regulator of TGF sensitivity.

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Zhu, Mei-Hong, Ming Zeng, Mei-Fang Shi, Xu-Dong Gu, Fang Shen, Ye-Ping Zheng, and Ya-Ping Jia. "Visual feedback therapy for restoration of upper limb function of stroke patients." International Journal of Nursing Sciences 7, no. 2 (April 2020): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.004.

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Monu, Sumit R., Yilin Ren, J. X. Masjoan-Juncos, Kristopher Kutskill, Hong Wang, Nitin Kumar, Edward L. Peterson, and Oscar A. Carretero. "Connecting tubule glomerular feedback mediates tubuloglomerular feedback resetting after unilateral nephrectomy." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 315, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): F806—F811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00619.2016.

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Unilaterally nephrectomized rats (UNx) have higher glomerular capillary pressure (PGC) that can cause significant glomerular injury in the remnant kidney. PGC is controlled by the ratio of afferent (Af-Art) and efferent arteriole resistance. Af-Art resistance in turn is regulated by two intrinsic feedback mechanisms: 1) tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) that causes Af-Art constriction in response to increased NaCl in the macula densa; and 2) connecting tubule glomerular feedback (CTGF) that causes Af-Art dilatation in response to an increase in NaCl transport in the connecting tubule via the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Resetting of TGF post-UNx can allow systemic pressure to be transmitted to the glomerulus and cause renal damage, but the mechanism behind this resetting is unclear. Since CTGF is an Af-Art dilatory mechanism, we hypothesized that CTGF is increased after UNx and contributes to TGF resetting. To test this hypothesis, we performed UNx in Sprague-Dawley (8) rats. Twenty-four hours after surgery, we performed micropuncture of individual nephrons and measured stop-flow pressure (PSF). PSF is an indirect measurement of PGC. Maximal TGF response at 40 nl/min was 8.9 ± 1.24 mmHg in sham-UNx rats and 1.39 ± 1.02 mmHg in UNx rats, indicating TGF resetting after UNx. When CTGF was inhibited with the ENaC blocker benzamil (1 μM/l), the TGF response was 12.29 ± 2.01 mmHg in UNx rats and 13.03 ± 1.25 mmHg in sham-UNx rats, indicating restoration of the TGF responses in UNx. We conclude that enhanced CTGF contributes to TGF resetting after UNx.

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Sashi, Varsha, A. Leoney, and Leena Rajathy Port Louis. "Proprioception and osseoperception in prosthodontics – A review." Journal of Academy of Dental Education 9 (June 14, 2023): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jade_52_2022.

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The masticatory system receives neural inputs by means of proprioception and perception. Defective proprioceptive or perceptive input results in dysfunctional or pathological conditions. The prognosis of a prosthodontic restoration depends on the integration of proprioceptive input and motor output. The absence of intradental and periodontal mechanoreception accompanying tooth loss alters the fine proprioceptive control feedback. Complete denture rehabilitation is a compromised restoration which restores function with many lacunae. In contrast to conventional dentures, implant-supported prostheses restore jaw function with improved psychophysiological discriminatory ability, oral stereognosis, and osseoperception.

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Yu, Junshuang. "Does river restoration result in improved environmental heterogeneity?" E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128401002.

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Rivers can shape diverse landscapes, determine the spatial connectivity of river and terrestrial life, and provide a variety of resources and services. Rivers are often over-bound due to the need for flood control and irrigation. Rivers affected by human disturbance often require restoration to improve the ecosystem services they provide. Environmental heterogeneity is generally considered to be the non-uniform variation of environmental elements in space and/or time. The relationship between variability in physical characteristics of restored rivers and biological communities in the river environment is a highly complex feedback, and studying and summarising changes in environmental heterogeneity following river restoration can help refine methodologies for monitoring river restoration outcomes. This study highlights the variability in river geomorphology and river ecology, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of incorporating environmental heterogeneity indicators into river restoration outcome evaluation systems at three levels: hydrological, geomorphological and ecological.

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Chardon, Valentin, Laurent Schmitt, Hervé Piégay, Jean-Nicolas Beisel, Cybill Staentzel, Agnès Barillier, and Anne Clutier. "Effects of Transverse Groynes on Meso-Habitat Suitability for Native Fish Species on a Regulated By-Passed Large River: A Case Study along the Rhine River." Water 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12040987.

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River regulations ultimately degrade fluvial forms and morphodynamics and simplify riparian and aquatic habitats. For several decades, river restoration actions have been performed to recover geomorphic processes and diversify these habitats to enhance both river biodiversity and ecosystem services. The objective of this study is to provide quantitative feedback on the experimental restoration of a large regulated and by-passed river (the Upper Rhine downstream of the Kembs Dam, France/Germany). This restoration consisted of the construction of two transverse groynes and the removal of bank protection. A monitoring framework composed of topo-bathymetric surveys as well as flow velocity and grain size measurements was established to assess the channel morphodynamic responses and evaluate their effects on habitat suitability for five native fish species using habitat models. A riverscape approach was used to evaluate the landscape changes in terms of both the configuration and the composition, which cannot be considered with classic approaches (e.g., Weighted Usable Area). Our results show that the two transverse groynes and, to a lesser extent, bank erosion, which was locally enhanced by the two groynes, increased habitat diversity due to the creation of new macroforms (e.g., pools and mid-bars) and fining of the bed grain size. Using a riverscape approach, our findings highlight that the restoration improved eel and juvenile nase species due to slowing down of the current and the deposition of fine sediments downstream of both groynes. As a consequence, the restoration improved the habitat suitability of the studied reach for more fish species compared with the pre-restoration conditions. This study also demonstrates that the salmon habitats downstream of the restored reach were improved due to fining of the bed grain size. This finding highlights that, for restorations aimed at fish habitats, the grain size conditions must be taken into consideration along with the flow conditions. Furthermore, the implementation of groynes, while not a panacea in terms of functional restoration, can be a strategy for improving fish habitats on highly regulated rivers, but only when more functional and natural options are impossible due to major constraints.

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Herdiyanti, Herdiyanti, Putra Pratama Saputra, Citra Asmara Indra, and Bustami Rahman. "Strengthening community social capital for post-mining land restoration efforts: Study at PT RBT in Penyamun Village, Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 35, no. 2 (June 17, 2022): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v35i22022.219-230.

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Indonesia is still facing various environmental problems due to increasingly massive and inappropriate mining activities. Therefore, land restoration is a basic practice in the rehabilitation of mining damage. This study aims to examine empirically the reality of the relationship between the community and PT RBT and strengthen social capital in carrying out post-mining land restoration activities. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and a literature study. The results showed that social relations became the main indicator in supporting the formation of trust, cooperation, and networks. Elements of social capital are packaged in the form of community participation in various post-mining land restoration activities. This is done to minimize the level of environmental damage that has increased massively, marked by the ex-mining pit that occurred in Bangka Belitung. The relationships formed are certainly expected to provide feedback for villages that run post-mining land restoration programs. This study concludes that the existence of bonding and bridging social capital that works well will facilitate the continuity of the post-mining land restoration programs.

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Fu, X. Y., Y. Han, Z. J. Sun, X. J. Ma, and Y. Q. Xu. "LINE-DRAWING ENHANCED INTERACTIVE MURAL RESTORATION FOR DUNHUANG MOGAO GROTTOES." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W2 (August 16, 2017): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w2-99-2017.

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Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in western China is one of the most famous World Cultural Heritage Sites, known for its glorious Chinese Buddhist art spanning a period of 1,000 years. However, it has been suffering from damage and degradation caused by man-made and natural factors. In this article, we present a novel line-drawing enhanced interactive system for digital restoration of damaged murals in Mogao Grottoes. Our system consists of four components, namely data pre-processing, damaged area selection, line-drawing segmentation, and mural restoration. Each component is a hybrid of efficient algorithms and user interactions. We introduce the infrastructure and process of using our system, from data capture and collection, database establishment, to interactive restoration. We conduct a user study with 15 participants who have varied experiences with and skills on repairing murals and editing images. Results and feedback suggest that our system can achieve satisfactory restoration results without overburdening the users. It can benefit both experts trained in restoration and amateurs interested in cultural heritage conservation.

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Liu, Chang, Jingyi Ouyang, Jinshan Yan, and Lina Tang. "Landsenses Ecology: A New Idea for Watershed Ecology Restoration." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043610.

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Watershed ecology restoration is the key to solving the ecological and environmental problems of watersheds and achieving sustainable development. As one direction of the frontiers of ecology, landsenses ecology is supported by science and technology and cares for humans. It has a great significance for enhancing the human habitat and achieving sustainable development. Combining landsenses ecology and the technical process of watershed ecology restoration allows the integration of people’s visions into the system of strategies and applied technologies for watershed ecology restoration while ensuring the restoration of the ecological functions of watersheds. It is a complement to the traditional ecosystem restoration model. This study establishes the connection between landsenses ecology and watershed ecology restoration in terms of goals, models and focus of attention. It aims to construct an indicator system of restoration with the application of landsenses ecology, form a complete process of ecological restoration with the integration of landsenses ecology and apply it to the ecological restoration of watershed elements with relatively intensive human activity such as urban green areas, buildings and wetlands (rivers and lakes). Rather than just always emphasizing natural ecology, landsenses ecology treats human beings as part of nature. It tries to establish a more comprehensive, humanized ideal restoration model by taking “human perceptions” into consideration. Through a restoration process based on long-term and continuous coordination, feedback and improvement, it can improve the ecological benefits of the watershed and improve residents’ well-being, so as to ultimately realize the establishment of a “community of life between man and nature”.

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Lyle, Mark A., Boris I. Prilutsky, Robert J. Gregor, Thomas A. Abelew, and T. Richard Nichols. "Self-reinnervated muscles lose autogenic length feedback, but intermuscular feedback can recover functional connectivity." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1055–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00335.2016.

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In this study, we sought to identify sensory circuitry responsible for motor deficits or compensatory adaptations after peripheral nerve cut and repair. Self-reinnervation of the ankle extensor muscles abolishes the stretch reflex and increases ankle yielding during downslope walking, but it remains unknown whether this finding generalizes to other muscle groups and whether muscles become completely deafferented. In decerebrate cats at least 19 wk after nerve cut and repair, we examined the influence of quadriceps (Q) muscles' self-reinnervation on autogenic length feedback, as well as intermuscular length and force feedback, among the primary extensor muscles in the cat hindlimb. Effects of gastrocnemius and soleus self-reinnervation on intermuscular circuitry were also evaluated. We found that autogenic length feedback was lost after Q self-reinnervation, indicating that loss of the stretch reflex appears to be a generalizable consequence of muscle self-reinnervation. However, intermuscular force and length feedback, evoked from self-reinnervated muscles, was preserved in most of the interactions evaluated with similar relative inhibitory or excitatory magnitudes. These data indicate that intermuscular spinal reflex circuitry has the ability to regain functional connectivity, but the restoration is not absolute. Explanations for the recovery of intermuscular feedback are discussed, based on identified mechanisms responsible for lost autogenic length feedback. Functional implications, due to permanent loss of autogenic length feedback and potential for compensatory adaptations from preserved intermuscular feedback, are discussed.

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Meyer, Albin, Corinne Grac, Isabelle Combroux, Laurent Schmitt, and Michèle Trémolières. "Biological feedback of unprecedented hydromorphological side channel restoration along the Upper Rhine (France)." Hydrobiologia 848, no. 7 (March 10, 2021): 1593–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04549-2.

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Pasluosta, Cristian, Patrick Kiele, and Thomas Stieglitz. "Paradigms for restoration of somatosensory feedback via stimulation of the peripheral nervous system." Clinical Neurophysiology 129, no. 4 (April 2018): 851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2017.12.027.

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Jia, Xiang, Zhengxu Jin, Xiaoli Mei, Dong Wang, Ruoning Zhu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Zherui Huang, Caixia Li, and Xiaoli Zhang. "Monitoring and Effect Evaluation of an Ecological Restoration Project Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Wuliangsuhai Watershed in China." Land 12, no. 2 (January 28, 2023): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020349.

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Quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of ecological restoration provides timely feedback on restoration efforts, and helps to accurately understand the extent of restoration, while providing scientific support for optimizing restoration programs. In recent decades, the Wuliangsuhai watershed in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has been affected by anthropogenic activities, resulting in an increasingly unbalanced ecological environment. In order to curb environmental degradation, the local government implemented the “mountain, water, forest, field, lake and grass ecological protection and restoration project of the Wuliangsuhai watershed” from 2018 to 2020. The project has been completed and there is an urgent need for remote sensing monitoring to aid in performance evaluation. We took the ecological protection and restoration area of the Wuliangsuhai watershed in China as the research object, applied multi-source remote sensing imagery and auxiliary data such as meteorology and geographic basic data, extracted information of each evaluation index before and after the implementation of this project, and used the entropy value method to determine the index weights to comprehensively evaluate the ecological restoration effect. The results showed that after the implementation of the ecological restoration project, the vegetation coverage was further improved, the effectiveness of desert management was obvious, soil and water conservation capacity was strengthened, the ecosystem became more stable, and the areas with good environment were mostly located in the central and eastern parts. A total of 37.86% of the areas had obvious ecological restoration effects, and all indicators were further improved. Among the main treatment areas, the restoration effect of the Wuliangsuhai water ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation area was the best. The restoration effect will be further accentuated over time. This study provides a scientific reference for the further management of the ecological environment in the watershed and can provide a reference for the evaluation of the ecological restoration effect in similar areas in the future.

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Hunt, Carter A., Melanie E. Jones, Ernesto Bustamante, Carla Zambrano, Carolina Carrión-Klier, and Heinke Jäger. "Setting Up Roots: Opportunities for Biocultural Restoration in Recently Inhabited Settings." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (February 3, 2023): 2775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032775.

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Biocultural approaches to restoration, which recognize the unique ways of understanding of socioecological challenges by Indigenous and local communities, have gained traction in recent decades. Yet, less attention has focused on biocultural opportunities where there is no Indigenous population or traditional knowledge to draw upon. This ethnographic study inductively assesses data gathered from interviews with farm owners on Isabela Island in the Galápagos Islands, where human presence is a function of recent migration. These interviews, corroborated with archival information and participant observation, center on farmer attitudes regarding restoration of Scalesia cordata, a highly endangered plant species, endemic to Isabela. The resulting analysis identified four themes of overlap with the biocultural restoration literature: cultural keystone species, sense of place, informational pathways, and recognition of socio-ecological feedback loops. Findings indicate that Scalesia remains a valued cultural keystone species providing tangible and intangible benefits to local residents, and its survival serves as a metaphor for farmers’ own wellbeing. Thus, even locations where place-based knowledge by a native population is not evident, critical biocultural elements exist that can be integrated into restoration efforts. Farmers also exhibited clear connections between restoration and tourism in Galápagos, paving the way for the application of biocultural theory to the analysis of tourism-supported restoration efforts elsewhere.

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Franco, M., P. D. Bell, and L. G. Navar. "Evaluation of prostaglandins as mediators of tubuloglomerular feedback." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 254, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): F642—F649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1988.254.5.f642.

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Orthograde and retrograde microperfusion experiments were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the participation of vasoconstrictive eicosanoids as mediators of tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) signals. Retrograde perfusion with 160 microM arachidonic acid (AA) added to a hypotonic solution enhanced the stop-flow pressure (SFP) feedback responses compared with those obtained with the control hypotonic solution (delta SFP, 1.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 10.1 +/- 0.7 mmHg with AA). Blockade of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) with the receptor blocker EP 092 or the synthesis inhibitor UK 38485 did not alter the magnitude of the SFP feedback responses obtained with an isotonic solution. Similarly, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, did not alter maximal SFP feedback responses. Although indomethacin (5 mM) did induce attenuated SFP feedback responses (delta SFP, 9.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.4 mmHg with indomethacin), normal feedback responses were restored within 15-90 s after cessation of indomethacin perfusion. Additionally, SFP feedback responses were not inhibited with 5 mM piroxicam, a different cyclooxygenase inhibitor. These data fail to support a role for either TxA2 or lipoxygenase end products as mediators of TGF signals. The rapid restoration of feedback responses after indomethacin exposure and the lack of blockade with piroxicam suggest that transmission of feedback signals is not dependent on cyclooxygenase products.

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VOLOSHKO, Anatoly, and Tetiana DZHERIA. "METHOD OF LOCAL RESTORATION OF SEGMENTS OF INFORMATION SIGNALS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 319, no. 2 (April 27, 2023): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-64-69.

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The use of centralized and decentralized electricity supply schemes, the introduction of feedback between the consumer of electricity and its producer led to a rapid increase in information flows at all stages of the functioning of the electricity industry of Ukraine, starting with the production of electricity and before its consumption. This necessitates the processing, storage and transmission of large data sets. On the other hand, the time constraints imposed on information processing and decision-making efficiency, as well as the limited bandwidth of communication networks require effective optimization of information flows in terms of their compression and compact storage, transmission and recovery without loss. At the same time, the determining quantitative and qualitative information parameters are electricity consumption modes and the quality of electric energy, and the main mode parameter for solving many problems of planning, management and carrying out commercial calculations is the graphs of electric load. Based on the analysis of the functional relationships of wavelet coefficients according to the levels of wavelet decomposition, the robot presents a modified reconstruction scheme and developed a model based on which a method of local (segmental) restoration of information signals according to the levels of wavelet detail is synthesized using the example of the electric load graph. In the paper, a model of local recovery of time segments of information signals is proposed and a sequential algorithm of actions synthesized on its basis. This technique allows for effective segmentation of information signals, reduces the duration of mathematical processing, simplifies database analysis, increases the effectiveness of controlling the reliability of initial data recovery by reserving recovery paths with subsequent comparison of results.

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Mereu, Federico, Francesca Cordella, Roberto Paolini, Alessia Scarpelli, Andrea Demofonti, Loredana Zollo, and Emanuele Gruppioni. "A Sensory Feedback Neural Stimulator Prototype for Both Implantable and Wearable Applications." Micromachines 15, no. 4 (March 30, 2024): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15040480.

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The restoration of sensory feedback is one of the current challenges in the field of prosthetics. This work, following the analysis of the various types of sensory feedback, aims to present a prototype device that could be used both for implantable applications to perform PNS and for wearable applications, performing TENS, to restore sensory feedback. The two systems are composed of three electronic boards that are presented in detail, as well as the bench tests carried out. To the authors’ best knowledge, this work presents the first device that can be used in a dual scenario for restoring sensory feedback. Both the implantable and wearable versions respected the expected values regarding the stimulation parameters. In its implantable version, the proposed system allows simultaneous and independent stimulation of 30 channels. Furthermore, the capacity of the wearable version to elicit somatic sensations was evaluated on healthy participants demonstrating performance comparable with commercial solutions.

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Bennia, Ilyas, Elhoussin Elbouchikhi, Abdelghani Harrag, Yacine Daili, Abdelhakim Saim, Allal El Moubarek Bouzid, and Badreddine Kanouni. "Design, Modeling, and Validation of Grid-Forming Inverters for Frequency Synchronization and Restoration." Energies 17, no. 1 (December 21, 2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17010059.

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This paper focuses on the modeling, analysis, and design of grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based microgrids (MGs). It starts with the development of a mathematical model for three-phase voltage source inverters (VSI). The voltage and current controllers consist of two feedback loops: an outer feedback loop of the capacitance-voltage and an inner feedback loop of the output inductance current. The outer voltage loop is employed to enhance the controller’s response time. The inner current loop is used to provide active damping for the resonance created by the LCL filter. A two-layer control scheme is adopted for the GFM inverter control. The primary decentralized control uses droop control and virtual impedance loops to share active and reactive power. Simultaneously, the centralized secondary control addresses frequency and amplitude deviations induced by the droop control. Additionally, a synchronization loop is proposed for seamless reconnection of GFM inverters to the MG and to connect the GFM-controlled MG to the main grid. It has the advantage that the inverter operates in GFM mode even after the synchronization has occurred. The simulation results have shown that the voltage controller ensures a 0.005 s settling time and maintains the steady-state error at its minimum value of 0.1 V. Similarly, the current controller ensures a 0.006 s settling time with a 10−5 steady-state error. The system with the designed controller has a low total harmonic distortion (THD) of 1.46% and improved power quality of the output voltage. Furthermore, a quick restoration time is observed during load steps and tripping events, with a restoration time of 1 s with 10−10 steady-state error. Synchronization is achieved within 0.8 s for the incoming inverters and requires 3 s to synchronize the MG with the main grid, maintaining a steady-state error of 10−9.

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Keri, McNiel-Inyani, Ahmed W. Shehata, Paul D. Marasco, Jacqueline S. Hebert, and Albert H. Vette. "A Cost-Effective Inertial Measurement System for Tracking Movement and Triggering Kinesthetic Feedback in Lower-Limb Prosthesis Users." Sensors 21, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051844.

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Advances in lower-limb prosthetic technologies have facilitated the restoration of ambulation; however, users of such technologies still experience reduced balance control, also due to the absence of proprioceptive feedback. Recent efforts have demonstrated the ability to restore kinesthetic feedback in upper-limb prosthesis applications; however, technical solutions to trigger the required muscle vibration and provide automated feedback have not been explored for lower-limb prostheses. The study’s first objective was therefore to develop a feedback system capable of tracking lower-limb movement and automatically triggering a muscle vibrator to induce the kinesthetic illusion. The second objective was to investigate the developed system’s ability to provide kinesthetic feedback in a case participant. A low-cost, wireless feedback system, incorporating two inertial measurement units to trigger a muscle vibrator, was developed and tested in an individual with limb loss above the knee. Our system had a maximum communication delay of 50 ms and showed good tracking of Gaussian and sinusoidal movement profiles for velocities below 180 degrees per second (error < 8 degrees), mimicking stepping and walking, respectively. We demonstrated in the case participant that the developed feedback system can successfully elicit the kinesthetic illusion. Our work contributes to the integration of sensory feedback in lower-limb prostheses, to increase their use and functionality.

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Yousaf, Saqib, and Shiyin Qin. "Closed-Loop Restoration Approach to Blurry Images Based on Machine Learning and Feedback Optimization." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 24, no. 12 (December 2015): 5928–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2492825.

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Petrini, Francesco Maria, Marko Bumbasirevic, Giacomo Valle, Vladimir Ilic, Pavle Mijović, Paul Čvančara, Federica Barberi, et al. "Sensory feedback restoration in leg amputees improves walking speed, metabolic cost and phantom pain." Nature Medicine 25, no. 9 (September 2019): 1356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0567-3.

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Adams, Matthew P., Marco Ghisalberti, Ryan J. Lowe, David P. Callaghan, Mark E. Baird, Eduardo Infantes, and Katherine R. O’Brien. "Water residence time controls the feedback between seagrass, sediment and light: Implications for restoration." Advances in Water Resources 117 (July 2018): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2018.04.004.

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Kosovo, I. S. "Psychophysiological bases of efficiency of restoration of muscle function by the method of functional biofeedback." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 8, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto97204.

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Scheme of the development of pathologic motor analyser changes in locomotor system injuries which are manifested by the formation of vicious circle of disturbance of muscular motor function. In this the main initiating factor is the deficit of sensor information. The place of artificially created biological feedback is showed and its role in the restoration of muscular motor function is described.

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Voropaeva, O. F., P. D. Lisachev, S. D. Senotrusova, and Y. I. Shokin. "Hyperactivation of the p53–MicroRNA Signaling Pathway: Mathematical Model of Variants of Antitumor Therapy." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 14, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 355–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2019.14.355.

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We carried out a numerical simulation of the system p53–inhibitor–microRNA. A minimal mathematical model was used, which describes only the most common features of the functioning of a biological system with a negative feedback p53–inhibitory protein and a positive feedback p53–microRNA. Adequacy of the accepted model and results of the computational analysis is confirmed by agreement with published data of biological experiments. In the frames of the accepted model, possible strategies were descried for the restoration of the p53 and its target microRNAs normal levels for cancer prevention. In addition, possible variants of anticancer therapies were studied, which are associated with the hyperactivation of the regulators of apoptosis p53 and microRNAs. Our results demonstrate potentially high effectiveness of the anticancer therapy targeted on the p53 inhibitor, which is a critical element of the positive feedback chain p53–microRNA.

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Lv, Wenyu, Di Dai, Renjie Wei, and Lanlan Bai. "Restoration of the Nanjing Circumvallation in Sustainable Urban Planning: Application of Environmental Ethical Decision-Making Model." Sustainability 16, no. 1 (December 19, 2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16010005.

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The Nanjing Circumvallation has been severely damaged due to natural factors, human interference, and urban expansion. Restoring this edifice serves not only as a preservation of historikcal and cultural values, but also as an advancement towards sustainable urban development. This research proposes an environmental ethical decision-making model (EEDM) grounded in sustainable urban development indicators. The model is then applied to the restoration of the Nanjing Circumvallation. Based on feedback from the research trial section, the renovation of the Circumvallation trial segment, guided by the EEDM, effectively embodies the core principles of sustainable urban development. By extending this model to the entire restoration project, it is feasible to achieve a harmonious balance between heritage preservation and urban sustainability. This methodology offers a novel framework for the restoration of similar heritage sites, ensuring the concurrent achievement of conservation and sustainable development goals. Furthermore, this approach holds considerable promise for fostering sustainable urban progression.

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Li, Pushuang, Dan Li, Xiaoqing Sun, Zhaosheng Chu, Ting Xia, and Binghui Zheng. "Application of Ecological Restoration Technologies for the Improvement of Biodiversity and Ecosystem in the River." Water 14, no. 9 (April 27, 2022): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091402.

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With global warming, urbanization, and the intensification of human activities, great pressures on river ecosystems have caused ecosystem degradation, the decline in habitats and biodiversity, and the loss of function. Ecological restoration technologies (ERTs) in rivers are effective measures for improving habitat and biodiversity, which has the advantage of recovering ecosystems and biodiversity and promoting the formation of healthy rivers. Several applications of ERTs, including ecological water transfer, fish passage construction, dam removal/retrofit, channel reconfiguration, river geomorphological restoration, natural shoreline restoration, floodplain reconnection, revegetation, etc., are summarized. The classifications of ERTs are highlighted, aiming to distinguish the difference and relationship between structure and the processes of hydrology, physics, geography, and biology. The pros and cons of these technologies are discussed to identify the applicability and limitations on the river ecosystem. In the dynamic processes in the river, these interact with each other to keep ecosystem balance. ERTs are more helpful in promoting the restoration of the natural function of the river, which contribute to the management of river ecological health. Some proposals on river management are suggested. Establishing a unified river health evaluation system will help promote positive feedback on rivers and the further development of ERTs.

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Jorgovanovic, Nikola, Strahinja Dosen, Damir J. Djozic, Goran Krajoski, and Dario Farina. "Virtual Grasping: Closed-Loop Force Control Using Electrotactile Feedback." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/120357.

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Closing the control loop by providing somatosensory feedback to the user of a prosthesis is a well-known, long standing challenge in the field of prosthetics. Various approaches have been investigated for feedback restoration, ranging from direct neural stimulation to noninvasive sensory substitution methods. Although there are many studies presenting closed-loop systems, only a few of them objectively evaluated the closed-loop performance, mostly using vibrotactile stimulation. Importantly, the conclusions about the utility of the feedback were partly contradictory. The goal of the current study was to systematically investigate the capability of human subjects to control grasping force in closed loop using electrotactile feedback. We have developed a realistic experimental setup for virtual grasping, which operated in real time, included a set of real life objects, as well as a graphical and dynamical model of the prosthesis. We have used the setup to test 10 healthy, able bodied subjects to investigate the role of training, feedback and feedforward control, robustness of the closed loop, and the ability of the human subjects to generalize the control to previously “unseen” objects. Overall, the outcomes of this study are very optimistic with regard to the benefits of feedback and reveal various, practically relevant, aspects of closed-loop control.

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Birukova, Anna A., Xinyong Tian, Yufeng Tian, Katherine Higginbotham, and Konstantin G. Birukov. "Rap-afadin axis in control of Rho signaling and endothelial barrier recovery." Molecular Biology of the Cell 24, no. 17 (September 2013): 2678–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e13-02-0098.

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Activation of the Rho GTPase pathway determines endothelial cell (EC) hyperpermeability after injurious stimuli. To date, feedback mechanisms of Rho down-regulation critical for barrier restoration remain poorly understood. We tested a hypothesis that Rho down-regulation and barrier recovery of agonist-stimulated ECs is mediated by the Ras family GTPase Rap1. Thrombin-induced EC permeability driven by rapid activation of the Rho GTPase pathway was followed by Src kinase–dependent phosphorylation of the Rap1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) C3G, activation of Rap1, and initiation of EC barrier recovery. Knockdown experiments showed that Rap1 activation was essential for down-regulation of Rho signaling and actin stress fiber dissolution. Rap1 activation also enhanced interaction between adherens junction (AJ) proteins VE-cadherin and p120-catenin and stimulated AJ reannealing mediated by the Rap1 effector afadin. This mechanism also included Rap1-dependent membrane translocation of the Rac1-specific GEF Tiam1 and activation of Rac1-dependent peripheral cytoskeletal dynamics, leading to resealing of intercellular gaps. These data demonstrate that activation of the Rap1-afadin axis is a physiological mechanism driving restoration of barrier integrity in agonist-stimulated EC monolayers via negative-feedback regulation of Rho signaling, stimulation of actin peripheral dynamics, and reestablishment of cell–cell adhesive complexes.

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Plauche, Aaron, Dario Villarreal, and Robert D. Gregg. "A Haptic Feedback System for Phase-Based Sensory Restoration in Above-Knee Prosthetic Leg Users." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2016.2580507.

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Wu, Mingxuan, Pengling Wu, Peimin He, Ning He, Yang Hu, Maoqiu Wang, Qinyi Wang, Bolun Zhang, Shengle Zhang, and Shubo Fang. "Theory of scale-dependent feedback: An experimental validation and its significance for coastal saltmarsh restoration." Science of The Total Environment 756 (February 2021): 143855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143855.

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Arnold, Sven, Craig Thornton, and Thomas Baumgartl. "Ecohydrological feedback as a land restoration tool in the semi-arid Brigalow Belt, QLD, Australia." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 163 (December 2012): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.020.

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Kooch, Yahya, Mahmood Tavakoli, and Moslem Akbarinia. "Tree species could have substantial consequences on topsoil fauna: a feedback of land degradation/restoration." European Journal of Forest Research 137, no. 6 (September 10, 2018): 793–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-018-1140-1.

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Traynor, Timothy, Tianxin Yang, Yuning G. Huang, John H. Krege, Josie P. Briggs, Oliver Smithies, and Jürgen Schnermann. "Tubuloglomerular feedback in ACE-deficient mice." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 276, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): F751—F757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1999.276.5.f751.

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In these experiments, we used a strain of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) germline null mutant mice, generated by J. H. Krege and co-workers (J. H. Krege, S. W. M. John, L. L. Langenbach, J. B. Hodgin, J. R. Hagaman, E. S. Bachman, J. C. Jennette, D. A. O’Brien, and O. Smithies. Nature 375: 146–148, 1995), to examine the effect of chronic ACE deficiency on the magnitude of tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) responses. The genotype was determined by PCR on DNA extracted from the tail and was verified after each experiment by assessment of the blood pressure response to an injection of ANG I. To assess TGF responsiveness, we determined the change in stop-flow pressure (PSF) caused by increasing NaCl concentration at the macula densa by using micropuncture techniques. When loop of Henle flow rate was increased from 0 to 40 nl/min, PSF fell from a mean of 42.3 ± 1.95 to 33.6 ± 2.09 mmHg ( n = 6, P = 0.005) in wild-type mice (+/+), fell from 40.6 ± 2.35 to 38.6 ± 1.93 mmHg in heterozygous (+/−) mice ( n = 7, P = 0.014), and did not change in homozygous ACE (−/−) mice [36.7 ± 2.02 mmHg vs. 36.4 ± 2.01 mmHg; n = 4, P = not significant (NS)]. During an infusion of ANG II at a dose that did not significantly elevate blood pressure (70 ng ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1), TGF response magnitude (PSF 0 − PSF 40) increased from 6.5 ± 1.4 to 9.8 ± 1.19 mmHg in +/+ ( P = 0.006), from 1.14 ± 0.42 to 4.6 ± 1.3 mmHg in +/− ( P = 0.016), and from 0.42 ± 0.25 to 4.02 ± 1.06 in −/− mice ( P = 0.05). Absence of TGF responses in ACE null mutant mice and restoration of near-normal responses during an acute infusion of ANG II supports previous conclusions that ANG II is an essential component in the signal transmission pathway that links the macula densa with the glomerular vascular pole.

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Farrell, Hannah L., and Elise S. Gornish. "Pennisetum ciliare: a review of treatment efficacy, competitive traits, and restoration opportunities." Invasive Plant Science and Management 12, no. 4 (October 25, 2019): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2019.28.

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AbstractBuffelgrass [Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link] is a drought-tolerant invasive grass that is a threat to native biodiversity in the drylands of the Americas and Australia. Despite efforts from land managers to control P. ciliare, management approaches tend to have mixed success, treatment results can be poorly communicated among entities, and there are few long-term controlled studies. In this literature review, we synthesize data from both peer-reviewed and “gray” literature on the efficacy of management techniques to control P. ciliare and the secondary impacts to native plant communities. Our search resulted in 42 unique sources containing a total of 229 studies that we categorized into 10 treatment types, which included herbicide, seeding, manual removal, fire, grazing, biocontrol, fire + additional treatments, manual removal + additional treatments, herbicide + additional treatments, and herbicide + manual removal. We found that treatments that used multiple techniques in tandem along with follow-up treatments were the most effective at controlling P. ciliare. Fewer than one-third of the studies reported impacts of management on native species, and the most commonly studied treatment (herbicide, N = 130) showed detrimental impacts on native plant communities. However, the average time between treatment and outcome measurement was only 15 mo; we suggest the need for more long-term studies of treatment efficacy and secondary impacts of treatment on the ecosystem. Finally, we conducted a second literature review on P. ciliare biology and traits for mechanisms that allows P. ciliare to alter the invaded environment to facilitate a competitive advantage over native species. We found evidence of self-reinforcing feedbacks of invasion being generated by P. ciliare through its interactions with water availability, nutrient cycling, and disturbance regimes. We developed a conceptual model of P. ciliare based on these feedback loops and offer management considerations based on its invasion dynamics and biology.

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TONTHAT, LONG, and ZHENGTAO DING. "CIRCADIAN PHASE RE-SETTING USING NONLINEAR OUTPUT-FEEDBACK CONTROL." Journal of Biological Systems 20, no. 01 (March 2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021833901200421x.

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Circadian rhythms occupy an important role in daily biological activities of living species. Circadian disorder is a phenomenon of circadian rhythms which occurs when internal rhythms cannot keep up with the changes of external environment rhythms. Changes of environmental rhythms, presented by the change of light/dark cycles or by irregular rhythms, result in phase shifts between internal and external rhythms. The existence of these phase shifts in longer term has negative effect to health. Therefore, in biological study of circadian rhythms, finding a method to recover the shifted phases to their normal rhythms, which is also the treatment of circadian disorder, is an important required task. In this paper, we propose a control design method to reset the circadian phases. The phase restoration is carried out by the synchronization of trajectories generated from a controlled model with the trajectories of a reference system via nonlinear control design using only one measurement. Both reference and controlled systems are based on a given 3rd order model of Neurospora circadian rhythms. The two other unknown states are estimated using a recently developed nonlinear observer for the output-feedback control.

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Achanccaray, David, Shin-Ichi Izumi, and Mitsuhiro Hayashibe. "Visual-Electrotactile Stimulation Feedback to Improve Immersive Brain-Computer Interface Based on Hand Motor Imagery." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (February 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8832686.

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In the aging society, the number of people suffering from vascular disorders is rapidly increasing and has become a social problem. The death rate due to stroke, which is the second leading cause of global mortality, has increased by 40% in the last two decades. Stroke can also cause paralysis. Of late, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been garnering attention in the rehabilitation field as assistive technology. A BCI for the motor rehabilitation of patients with paralysis promotes neural plasticity, when subjects perform motor imagery (MI). Feedback, such as visual and proprioceptive, influences brain rhythm modulation to contribute to MI learning and motor function restoration. Also, virtual reality (VR) can provide powerful graphical options to enhance feedback visualization. This work aimed to improve immersive VR-BCI based on hand MI, using visual-electrotactile stimulation feedback instead of visual feedback. The MI tasks include grasping, flexion/extension, and their random combination. Moreover, the subjects answered a system perception questionnaire after the experiments. The proposed system was evaluated with twenty able-bodied subjects. Visual-electrotactile feedback improved the mean classification accuracy for the grasping (93.00% ± 3.50%) and flexion/extension (95.00% ± 5.27%) MI tasks. Additionally, the subjects achieved an acceptable mean classification accuracy (maximum of 86.5% ± 5.80%) for the random MI task, which required more concentration. The proprioceptive feedback maintained lower mean power spectral density in all channels and higher attention levels than those of visual feedback during the test trials for the grasping and flexion/extension MI tasks. Also, this feedback generated greater relative power in the μ -band for the premotor cortex, which indicated better MI preparation. Thus, electrotactile stimulation along with visual feedback enhanced the immersive VR-BCI classification accuracy by 5.5% and 4.5% for the grasping and flexion/extension MI tasks, respectively, retained the subject’s attention, and eased MI better than visual feedback alone.

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Huo, Jun, Yuping Wu, Guoen Xia, and Shengwei Yao. "A Dynamically Adjusted Subspace Gradient Method and Its Application in Image Restoration." Symmetry 13, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 2450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13122450.

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In this paper, a new subspace gradient method is proposed in which the search direction is determined by solving an approximate quadratic model in which a simple symmetric matrix is used to estimate the Hessian matrix in a three-dimensional subspace. The obtained algorithm has the ability to automatically adjust the search direction according to the feedback from experiments. Under some mild assumptions, we use the generalized line search with non-monotonicity to obtain remarkable results, which not only establishes the global convergence of the algorithm for general functions, but also R-linear convergence for uniformly convex functions is further proved. The numerical performance for both the traditional test functions and image restoration problems show that the proposed algorithm is efficient.

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Burrer, Phoebe, Matej Par, Thomas Attin, and Tobias T. Tauböck. "Real-Time Feedback of the Applied Light-Curing Technique and Its Impact on Degree of Conversion of Composite Restorations—A Study with Undergraduate Dental Students." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2021): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11101012.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of individual instructions and training of dental students on the amount of applied light irradiance before and after training using a patient simulator with integrated visual feedback. Furthermore, the effect on the degree of conversion of composite restorations placed by the dental students was assessed. Forty-two dental students, split into two groups, light-cured a simulated restoration in tooth 27 of a dental patient simulator for 20 s. The irradiance (mW/cm2) received by the detector was measured in real-time before and after individual instructions and training, and the energy delivered (J/cm2) was calculated for each student. The degree of conversion at the bottom of incrementally placed composite restorations prior to individual instructions (group 1) and after individual instructions (group 2) was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The irradiance and degree of conversion measurements were re-assessed after all students received individual instructions. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U-test at an overall level of significance of α = 0.05. A significant increase (p < 0.001) in applied light irradiance could be observed after individual instructions for both groups, with notably reduced data scattering. However, no significant difference was detected for the degree of conversion of placed composite restorations before or after instruction and training. Neither gender nor age of the dental students affected the obtained results. Consistent light energy delivered by dental students could be achieved through individual instructions and training with a patient simulator, also leading to less scattered irradiance results. However, the improved light-curing performance after the training did not affect the degree of conversion of the placed class II composite restorations.

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Gourgue, Olivier, Jim van Belzen, Christian Schwarz, Wouter Vandenbruwaene, Joris Vanlede, Jean-Philippe Belliard, Sergio Fagherazzi, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Johan van de Koppel, and Stijn Temmerman. "Biogeomorphic modeling to assess the resilience of tidal-marsh restoration to sea level rise and sediment supply." Earth Surface Dynamics 10, no. 3 (June 7, 2022): 531–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-531-2022.

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Abstract. There is an increasing demand for the creation and restoration of tidal marshes around the world, as they provide highly valued ecosystem services. Yet restored tidal marshes are strongly vulnerable to factors such as sea level rise and declining sediment supply. How fast the restored ecosystem develops, how resilient it is to sea level rise, and how this can be steered by restoration design are key questions that are typically challenging to assess due to the complex biogeomorphic feedback processes involved. In this paper, we apply a biogeomorphic model to a specific tidal-marsh restoration project planned by dike breaching. Our modeling approach integrates tidal hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and vegetation dynamics, accounting for relevant fine-scale flow–vegetation interactions (less than 1 m2) and their impact on vegetation and landform development at the landscape scale (several km2) and in the long term (several decades). Our model performance is positively evaluated against observations of vegetation and geomorphic development in adjacent tidal marshes. Model scenarios demonstrate that the restored tidal marsh can keep pace with realistic rates of sea level rise and that its resilience is more sensitive to the availability of suspended sediments than to the rate of sea level rise. We further demonstrate that restoration design options can steer marsh resilience, as they affect the rates and spatial patterns of biogeomorphic development. By varying the width of two dike breaches, which serve as tidal inlets to the restored marsh, we show that a larger difference in the width of the two inlets leads to higher biogeomorphic diversity in restored habitats. This study showcases that biogeomorphic modeling can support management choices in restoration design to optimize tidal-marsh development towards sustainable restoration goals.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Restoration feedback'

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