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Pepe, Armando. "Conflit civil dans le Midi de l’Italie à l'aube du Risorgimento : le cas de la Terre de Labour (1806-1825)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALH017.
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La thèse de doctorat d'Armando Pepe s’intitule « Conflit civil dans le sud de l’Italie à l’aube du Risorgimento : le cas de la Terre de Labour (1806-1825) » et vise à enquêter sur la lutte contre le brigandage tant à l’époque napoléonienne, pendant la Décennie française, qu’au cours de la première Restauration Bourbon.En ce qui concerne la période napoléonienne, apparaissent de nombreux brigands, certains connus, comme Fra’ Diavolo, d’autres moins connus sinon inconnus, comme Vincenzo Matera, de Viticuso, les cousins Saltarelli, de Castelforte, et les frères Giannantonio, originaires de Guardiaregia, dans le Comté du Molise, mais fortement opérationnels des deux côtés des montagnes du Matese.Aux brigands s’opposèrent des hommes tenaces, comme le capitaine Antonio Acciaioli, commandant des gardes civiques provinciales du district de Venafro, tué dans une embuscade avec seize gardes par Vincenzo Matera, Benedetto Panetta et d’autres brigands.De nombreux soldats d’origine corse participèrent activement à la lutte contre le brigandage, dont le major Natale Amici, engagé dans les zones montagneuses de la Terre de Labour, notamment dans la chaîne des Mainarde.Les journaux de guerre de 1806 du général français Antoine Girardon, restitués pour la première fois en transcription, constituent la suite de ceux, datant de 1799, déjà publiés par Critelli et Segarini. Le général Girardon contracta le paludisme dans les marais de Minturno et mourut en 1806.On voit explicitement dans la thèse le rôle joué par l’Armée française dans la lutte contre le brigandage et les directives données par le ministre Antoine-Christophe Saliceti, qui a suivi la situation au quotidien.Non moins intéressantes sont les initiatives prises après le retour de la dynastie des Bourbons sur le trône pour réprimer le brigandage, notamment dans les zones frontalières avec l’État pontifical, où opérait la bande de Michele Macaro, connu sous le nom de « Mezzapenta ».La thèse se déroule en six chapitres en plus des conclusions.Par commodité, la division en chapitres est rapportée : 1) Chapitre I, Le Royaume de Naples entre la Révolution et la Restauration (1799-1825) ; 2) Chapitre II, Brigands de l’époque napoléonienne dans la zone de juridiction de la Commission Militaire de Castellone (Nord de la Terre de Labour, 1806) ; 3) Chapitre III, Les actions de brigandage de l’époque napoléonienne dans la zone de juridiction de la Commission militaire de Capoue (Sud de la Terre de Labour, 1807-1810) ; 4) Chapitre IV, Une tentative de coordination entre États : extraditions de brigands et enjeux diplomatiques avec l’État pontifical et avec le Premier Empire français (1806-1811) ; 5) Chapitre V, Les bandes de brigands de l’époque napoléonienne dans la zone de juridiction de la Commission militaire de Capoue (1807-1810) ; 6) Chapitre VI, Le brigandage pendant la deuxième Restauration des Bourbons (1815-1825).Viennent ensuite les conclusions. La thèse est accompagnée de cinq cartes géographiques, de 215 annexes, presque toutes inédites, et d’index des noms de personnes et de lieuxArmando Pepe’s doctoral thesis is entitled «Civil conflict in Southern Italy at the dawn of the Risorgimento: the case of Terra di Lavoro (1806-1825)» and aims to investigate the fight against brigandage both in Napoleonic, during the French Decade, and during the first Bourbon Restoration.As regards the Napoleonic period, numerous brigands appear, some known, such as Fra’ Diavolo, others less known if not unknown, such as Vincenzo Matera, from Viticuso, the Saltarelli cousins, from Castelforte, and the Giannantonio brothers, from Guardiaregia, in Molise earldom, but strongly operational on both sides of the Matese mountains.The brigands were opposed by tenacious men, such as Captain Antonio Acciaioli, commander of the provincial civic guards of the Venafro district, killed in an ambush together with sixteen guards by Vincenzo Matera, Benedetto Panetta and other brigands.Many soldiers of Corsican origin actively participated in the fight against banditry, including Major Natale Amici, who were engaged in the mountainous areas of Terra di Lavoro, especially in the Mainarde chain.The war diaries of 1806 of the French general Antoine Girardon are returned in transcription for the first time, which constitute the sequel to those, dating back to 1799, already published by Critelli and Segarini. General Girardon contracted malaria in the Minturno marshes and died in 1806.We can explicitly see the role played by the French army in combating brigandage and the directives given by the minister Antoine-Christophe Saliceti, who monitored the situation daily.No less interesting are the initiatives taken upon the return of the Bourbon dynasty to the throne to repress brigandage, particularly in the border areas with the Papal State, where the group of Michele Macaro, known as «Mezzapenta», operated.The thesis is divided into six chapters in addition to the conclusions.For convenience, the division into chapters is reported: 1) Chapter I, the Kingdom of Naples between the Revolution and the Restoration (1799-1825); 2) Chapter II, Brigands of the Napoleonic era in the area of jurisdiction of the Military Commission of Castellone (North of Terra di Lavoro, 1806); 3) Chapter III, The brigandage actions of the Napoleonic era in the area of jurisdiction of the Military Commission of Capua (South of Terra di Lavoro, 1807-1810); 4) Chapter IV, An attempt at coordination between states: extraditions of brigands and diplomatic issues with the Papal State and with the First French Empire (1806-1811); 5) Chapter V, The groups of brigands of the Napoleonic era in the area of jurisdiction of the Military Commission of Capua (1807-1810); 6) Chapter VI, Brigandage during the second Bourbon Restoration (1815-1825).Then the Conclusions follow. The thesis is accompanied by geographical maps, 215 appendices, almost all unpublished, and indexes of places and names of person
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Slaight-Brown, Shannon M. "Restoration." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4890.
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The marks I make in clay have different characteristics, and the physical mark of one’s fingertips or visual record of the hand is personal and intimate. This visible activity is the evidence of my constant presence and control within each object. Its repetitive meditation produces a private relief from my persistent anxieties. This exploration for me is not only visual, but also physical. This is the start of my infatuation with the idea of pattern. It has its own discrete visual language and modes of communication; and through my research I am developing a method of intercommunication.
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Davies, J. D. "The seagoing personnel of the navy, 1660-1689 : Political, religious and social aspects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375859.
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Hayden, Judy A. "Of love and war : the political voice in the early plays of Aphra Behn." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323214.
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Elliott, Troy. "On the Morality of The Religious Freedom Restoration Act : Ethics in a Failing Democracy." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138797.
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The Indiana Religious Freedom Restoration Act and its subsequent backlash serve as a case-study to raise ethical concerns both about the characterization of contemporary western liberal democracy as a political theory and a prevailing religious extremism acting as a legislative power within governments; Developing and reflecting on these issues this study will attempt to show a need to evaluate the moral principles attributed to modern political systems and the governmental delineation of power over individuals within a society. Applying Rawlsian concepts, this study will show that laws such as the RFRA are representative of weak and superficial democracies that in most cases are actually centres of power, funded by corporations and organisations in direct conflict with liberal principles.
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Jamal, Uddin A. K. M. "The movement for the restoration of democracy in Bangladesh, 1982-1990 : a study of political sociology." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/668/.
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The late twentieth century saw a major wave of democratisation against the unjust military seizure of state power in many countries around the world. In Bangladesh, General Hussain Muhammad Ershad seized power in March 1982 ousting the then democratic government through a military coup and continued up to December 1990 until he was forced, by a mass revolution, to relinquish power to the interim Caretaker Government of the country. The dominance of the military intrigue over the state and political elites has resulted in sharp inter-group conflict in the society that deflected the normal democratic values: liberty, impunity, equality and freedom. A military committed to a professional rather than a political role is critical to the success of democracy. The military dictatorship of General Ershad in Bangladesh, is therefore, regarded as the aggression by the state on her own people. The movement for restoration of democracy was thus the attempt to change the military dictatorship. The movement included sporadic protests, strikes, riots, rebellions, violence and more continuous activities of organised political parties and interest groups of the society. The mainstream opposition political parties and their alliances, along with different socio-cultural forces i. e. students, laborers, intellectuals and professionals of Bangladesh society organised the movement. The middle class took the lead while the involvement of the lower class of the society ensured huge participation. A number of protesters were killed; many others injured and jailed in the course of various repressive measures taken by the military administration. This gave birth to counter violence in the opposition democratic forces. This research, with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, investigates the social origins of the movement for democracy in Bangladesh that brought about a significant social change in the social structure for the development of capitalist democracy. This research confirms that the military dictatorship of General Ershad had negative consequences in every respect-spreading corruption, plundering the economy, damage to constitutional rule and political institutions, and a complete ruin of the electoral process of the country. Finally, the research substantiates the power and strength of the people in making the revolution, which is always invincible-the most worthy spirit needful for the success of democracy, and this was exactly what happened in the final stage of the movement for the restoration of democracy in Bangladesh in the overthrow of the military dictatorship of General Ershad.
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Dovenna, Eleonora <1991>. "Femininity and Restoration Tragedies: the Use of Female Characters for Political Allusions under Charles II's Reign." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14629.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the agency of poignant female characters in Restoration tragedies in relation to specific political and social concerns of the period. The research analyses seven different works in which female agency – or the lack thereof – is pivotal: The Rival Queens and Lucius Junius Brutus by Nathaniel Lee, The Empress of Morocco and Love and Revenge by Elkanah Settle, Abdelazer or the Moor's Revenge by Aphra Behn, The Libertine by Thomas Shadwell and Lucina’s Rape or The Tragedy of Valentinian written by John Wilmot Earl of Rochester. Despite being different in many respects, these five playwrights were able to subvert previous established and popular genres – namely heroic drama and tragicomedy – and made unique use of femininity to render powerful and lasting representations of those fears and anxieties that were permeating England under Charles II's reign. Since all seven plays question masculine authority and monarchical power employing extreme visual representations of violence perpetrated by degenerated women or at the expenses of virtuous females, this study looks at how these brutal and unsettling plays offered the audience a cathartic yet profoundly nihilistic experience whilst undermining the foundations of kingship.
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Biermann, Christine. "A Strangely Familiar Forest: Conservation Biopolitics and the Restoration of the American Chestnut." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397574035.
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Coughlan, Michael Reed. "Large Diameter Trees and the Political Culture of "Restoration": A Case Study with the Grand Canyon Forest Partnership, Flagstaff, Arizona." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/110094.
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The material presented in this paper resulted from ethnographic research conducted with the Grand Canyon Forest
Partnership (GCFP) of Flagstaff, Arizona, in the fall of 2001, as well as continued attention to the public discourse of commercial timber harvesting, forest fire prevention, ecological restoration, and
ecosystem management in Southwestern ponderosa pine (Pin us ponderosa) forests. In general terms, the paper reflects an increasing concern for and attention to the nation's forest lands, primarily in response to what forest experts consider unnatural forest fire behavior. These fires, in turn, constitute a symptom of declining health and sustainability of forest ecosystems. More specifically, this paper concerns the "large tree" or "diameter cap" issue involving
Flagstaff area forest restoration prescriptions. Because the "large tree"
issue is central to the debate over forest policy and management in the American Southwest and elsewhere, it has become a focal point for regional conflict. The story of this issue as it played out within the GCFP illustrates a local community-level example of what has become widespread in national environmental political culture.
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Garvoille, Rebecca I. "Sociocultural Complexities of Ecosystem Restoration: Remaking Identity, Landscape and Belonging in the Florida Everglades." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/841.
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The Florida Everglades is a highly diverse socionatural landscape that historically spanned much of the south Florida peninsula. Today, the Florida Everglades is an iconic but highly contested conservation landscape. It is the site of one of the world’s largest publicly funded ecological restoration programs, estimated to cost over $8 billion (U.S. GAO 2007), and it is home to over two million acres of federally protected lands, including the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park. However, local people’s values, practices and histories overlap and often conflict with the global and eco-centric values linked to Everglades environmental conservation efforts, sparking environmental conflict.
My dissertation research examined the cultural politics of nature associated with two Everglades conservation and ecological restoration projects: 1) the creation and stewardship of the Big Cypress National Preserve, and 2) the Tamiami Trail project at the northern boundary of Everglades National Park. Using multiple research methods including ethnographic fieldwork, archival research, participant observation, surveys and semi-structured interviews, I documented how these two projects have shaped environmental claims-making strategies to Everglades nature on the part of environmental NGOs, the National Park Service and local white outdoorsmen. In particular, I examined the emergence of an oppositional white identity called the Gladesmen Culture. My findings include the following: 1) just as different forms of nature are historically produced, contingent and power-laden, so too are different claims to Everglades nature; 2) identity politics are an integral dimension of Everglades environmental conflicts; and 3) the Big Cypress region’s history and contemporary conflicts are shaped by the broader political economy of development in south Florida.
My dissertation concluded that identity politics, class and property relations have played a key, although not always obvious, role in shaping Everglades history and environmental claims-making, and that they continue to influence contemporary Everglades environmental conflicts.
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Thomas, Corban Dean. "Slavery, a colossal crime a religious and political biographical thesis of Ovid Butler (1801-1881) /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p062-0265.
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Farooqi, Nadeem U. "Retributive Theory’s Restorative Corollary." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1076.
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According to retributivism, what justifies punishment is a wrongdoer's desert. Critics argue that retributivists fail to provide sufficient justification for punishment. Herbert Morris offers the type of justification critics demand, providing an account of punishment that: 1) values autonomy, and 2) appeals to the principle of fairness. Punishment, in this account, restores equilibrium of benefits and burdens with respect to autonomy. Since punishment largely ignores the autonomy of the victim, however, punishment alone seems unable to ensure justice. In order to provide a more complete account of justice, I contend that one must be committed to retributivism and restoration. Indeed, restoration of the victim’s autonomy may be understood to be part of a completed deployment of the rationale for punishment.
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Seymour, Sheila. "Rex v Rosewell: 1684 - An exploration of the political, religious and social context of a trial for high treason in late restoration England." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499102.
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Alyo, Muhammed W. "Comparing men and times : the classical sources and the political significance of Ben Jonson's "Sejanus" and "Catiline" in early Jacobean and Restoration England." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34762/.
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The primary objective of this thesis is to examine the interaction between drama and politics in Ben Jonson's two surviving tragedies, Sejanus and Catiline, during the early years of the Jacobean and Restoration periods. Jonson relied heavily on classical scholarship in writing his two extant tragedies, his stated reason being to convince the readers of their "truth of Argument". But Jonson, nevertheless, adapted his sources in an ingenious way that both suited his dramatic purposes and served to cast light on social and political realities in the England of his own day. For Jonson, as for many Renaissance historians, the past had meaning primarily because of its valuable lessons for the present and the future. Thus, one of my aims is to examine both the nature and the extent of Jonson's dependenceo n the classical sources which provided him with the historical stories and details that he dramatized in the two plays. SuccessiveE nglish governmentsi n the seventeenthc entury treated drama, especially that based on historical material, as a potentially dangerous medium for disseminating propaganda and for influencing public opinion against specific government policies. Therefore, part of this work will be devoted to discussing censorship regulations within early Jacobean and Restoration England, and to examining their effects both on Jonson and on the reception of his two tragedies. Each of the two plays is studied in the context of its historical sources in order to determine Jonson's method of adapting his sources as well as the extent of topicality that each play seems to provide, both on the Jacobean and the Restoration stage. The method adopted in this study is to place the two Roman tragedies within the contemporary setting for which they were originally intended and then within the context of the early Restoration period when the two plays are thought to have been revived.
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Volkmann, Abigail J. "River Basin Management and Restoration in Germany and the United States: Two Case Studies." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/165.
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The uses and management of water resources play an important role in the development of a culture and the health of its environment and population. Humans throughout history have consistently exploited rivers, which degrades water quality and leads to water scarcity. This thesis is an examination of two river restoration projects, one on the Oder River in Germany and the other on the Klamath River in the United States, that represent each country's efforts to reverse river exploitation. These cases in Germany and the United States demonstrate the importance of achieving a better understanding of the political instruments and strategies for mitigating environmental issues on a global scale.
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Morris, Michael R. "Bitzer's model of the rhetorical situation as examined through restoration rhetoric of the Posse Comitatus and the Republic of Texas." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221300.
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This thesis examines Bitzer's model of the rhetorical situation by using it, in combination with elements of Bormann's fantasy theme analysis to perform a criticism of radical right rhetoric. First, it identifies the exigencies that give rise to the sovereignty rhetoric employed by members of the radical right. This analysis then determines whether the speech meets the needs of its intended audience. To accomplish this task, two websites are analyzed: the Posse Comitatus/Christian Identity website and that of the Republic of Texas, a secessionist, common law/sovereign citizen's site. These websites claim to be the official websites of the two organizations. The analysis is a generative analysis, combining Bitzer's model of rhetorical situation with aspects of Bormann's fantasy theme analysis. Through performing the analysis, weaknesses and areas for improvement in Bitzer's model will be identified.Sovereignty and common law rhetoric comes in many variations, but all revolve around a central principle - that there are two classes of citizenship. United States citizenship is conferred by the Fourteenth Amendment and is accepted by participation in programs such as social security (Nagle, 1996). This form of citizenship is subject to extensive regulation and taxation. However, sovereignty rhetoric focuses on state citizenship. This type of citizenship is conferred by common law and can be recaptured by rejecting U.S. citizenship. Advocates of sovereignty argue that state citizens are not subject to most federal laws and cannot be taxed by the federal government.Why study common law/sovereign citizen rhetoric? There is broad crosspollination among extremist groups, and sovereignty rhetoric is a consistent theme for many of these groups (Shapiro, 1995). For example, individuals convicted of abortion bombings have had militia ties, and tax protestors attend preparedness expos' (Tharp & Holstein, 1997). Likewise, events such as the death of Randy Weaver's wife in the 1992 Ruby Ridge standoff, and the 1993 Branch Davidian fire are cited by extremists of numerous ideologies as evidence of a government conspiracy (Dyer, 1997).2 Furthermore, for every camouflage-clothed militia member, there are several amateur attorneys studying old law books, the Constitution and each other's websites in an effort to unravel the meaning of the "true" Constitution (Abanes, 1996).The Posse Comitatus and Republic of Texas websites are useful artifacts because they are clear examples of the types of rhetoric addressed in this study. The present incarnation of the Posse Comitatus merges Posse Comitatus and Christian Identity rhetoric, allowing exploration of the common law rhetoric of both groups through one website. While claiming not to be a militia website, the Republic ofI Preparedness expos offer survivalist training and equipment, firearms, ammunition and common law materials (Tharp & Holstein).Extremists are particularly fascinated by the date April 19, a date on which events ranging from the Revolutionary War to the Branch Davidian fire took place (Stern). In some circles, this date is called Militia Day and has assumed almost religious significance.Texas maintains at least three separate militias and features extensive discussions of common law and sovereign citizen rhetoric.To understand these groups, it is necessary to understand the exigencies that brought them into existence. Bitzer's model of rhetorical situation, with its focus on exigencies, is an excellent tool for understanding the social and economic factors contributing to the growth of these types of groups. However, Bitzer offers only limited insight into how the messages are spread and why people accept them. Bormann's fantasy theme method of analysis helps answer the questions of how the sovereignty/common law message satisfies the rhetorical and psychological needs of the group members.Department of Communication Studies
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Victoir, Laura A. "Moscow-area estates : a case study of twentieth-century architectural preservation and cultural politics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670078.
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Filho, Everaldo Porto Cunha. "A comunicação política da presidente Dilma Rousseff durante o processo de destituição." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14983.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência PolíticaA presente dissertação pretende identificar em que medida Dilma Rousseff, presidente do Brasil entre 2011 e 2016, adequou sua estratégia de comunicação à crise política que acometeu o fim de seu governo, resultando em sua destituição, em agosto de 2016. Foram avaliadas 124 peças de comunicação oficial, entre notas de imprensa, discursos e entrevistas, realizadas entre 2 de dezembro de 2015, início da tramitação do processo de destituição, e 12 de maio de 2016, quando a presidente foi afastada provisoriamente do cargo. Em seguida, essa amostra foi analisada à luz da cronologia da crise com vistas a observar se e como a comunicação da presidente se adequou aos fatos políticos que impactavam sua imagem de maneira negativa, neutra ou positiva. As conclusões obtidas, interpretadas à luz da teoria existente sobre a matéria, permitiram identificar como a estratégia comunicacional de Dilma Rousseff reagiu à mais grave crise que um presidente pode enfrentar durante seu mandato
This dissertation intends to identify to what extent Dilma Rousseff, President of Brazil between 2011 and 2016, adapted her communicational strategy to the political crisis that struck the end of her mandate, resulting in her deposition through an impeachment process, in August 2016. 124 pieces of official communication were reviewed, amongst press releases, speeches and interviews, made between December 2nd 2015, when the impeachment process began, and May 12th 2016, when the President was temporarily removed from office. Afterwards, this sample was analyzed in the light of the crisis timeframe, in order to observe if and how the President’s communication has adapted to the political facts that impacted her image negatively, neutrally or positively. The achieved conclusions, interpreted in the light of the existing theory on the subject, made it possible to identify how Dilma Rousseff’s communicational strategy has reacted to the gravest crisis a President can face during their mandate.
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Sutton, Peter David. "'The trade of application' : political and social appropriations of Ben Jonson, 1660-1776." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16547.
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This thesis is an analysis of the manner in which the persona and works of Ben Jonson were appropriated – between the Restoration, in 1660, and the retirement of David Garrick, in 1776 – to reflect the political and social concerns of the age. Unlike previous studies, rather than primarily focusing on the stage history of Jonson, I analyse a wide range of sources – produced both within and outwith the theatre – in order to explore, across a variety of media, a breadth of material which appropriates the playwright and his works. I shall consider in my first main chapter the appropriations of Jonson within the Restoration court, in particular noting the assimilation of the playwright's work to what might be styled a proto-Tory ideology, as well as the way in which his plays could mirror the destabilising effects of the king's romantic liaisons. In my second chapter, I explore the moral reformation at the turn of the eighteenth century, in which we can see appropriations of Jonson which cast his works as being primarily didactic. The third chapter moves the narrative of the thesis into the years of the premiership of Sir Robert Walpole. I shall consider the way in which the playwright's works – especially The Alchemist and Eastward Ho! – were seen as being especially relevant to an age of speculation and mercantile endeavour, as well as examining the manner in which the figures of Sejanus and Volpone were appropriated to mock the increasingly unpopular premier. In the final chapter, I shall offer an analysis of Garrick's seminal portrayal of Drugger in the contexts of the political philosophy of the mid-eighteenth century, considering the manner in which it was interpreted alongside the character's further appropriations by Francis Gentleman. The thesis concludes by exploring political appropriations of Jonson up to the present day.
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Pimenta, Oliveira de Carvalho Daniel. "Diplomatie, information et publication. Les stratégies des ambassades de la Restauration portugaise en France (1641-1649)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH141/document.
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La présente thèse étudie les rapports entre les activités diplomatiques et la publication de livres, périodiques et pamphlets au milieu du XVIIe siècle, dans le contexte des premiers développements de la diplomatie de Restauration portugaise en France. Il s’agit d’examiner en détail les objectifs, le champ d’action et les initiatives des représentants du nouveau monarque intervenant dans la circulation de l’information politique et dans le monde des livres et des imprimeries, avec une attention exclusive portée à la conjoncture de la première mission envoyée à Paris en 1641, et à quelques aspects de l’action des ambassades suivantes, jusqu’au retour à Lisbonne de la délégation du marquis de Niza en 1649.Il sera possible d’abord de discerner une série de circonstances et de publications antérieures à l’arrivée des envoyés portugais, et puis d’observer les fréquentations et contacts qu’ils établissent en France, ainsi que toute sorte d’occupations quotidiennes liées à la diffusion d’informations, à l’écriture et à la circulation de pièces manuscrites et imprimées. Cette échelle temporelle plus fine permettra en outre d’enquêter sur des pratiques littéraires, rhétoriques et informationnelles qui composaient le paysage éditorial qu’ont trouvé en France les agents de Jean IV. Toutes ces recherches contribuent à une lecture minutieuse des éléments discursifs et matériels présents dans les publications que l’ambassade portugaise produit, ou qu’elle espérait fomenter, afin de reconstituer au plus proche les intentions de leurs rédacteurs et éditeurs, voire les réflexions et réactions plus immédiates que ces publications pouvaient susciter chez les lecteurs et dans une partie substantielle de la société françaiseThis thesis studies the relationships between diplomatic activities and the publication of books, journals, and pamphlets in the mid-17th century in the context of the initial development of Portuguese Restauration diplomacy in France. It is about examining in detail the goals, field of action, and initiatives of the new monarch’s representatives who intervene in the circulation of political information and in the world of books and typography workshops, giving exclusive attention to the circumstance of the first mission sent to Paris in 1641 and to some aspects of actions of the following embassies, until the return to Lisbon of the Marquis of Niza’s delegation in 1649.It will be possible, firstly, to distinguish a series of circumstances and publications prior to the arrival of the Portuguese envoys and then observe visits and contacts that they establish in France, as well as all kind of daily occupations linked to the diffusion of information, writing, and the circulation of hand-written and printed pieces. This narrower time scale will allow, in addition, investigations on the literary, rhetorical, and informational practices that were part of the editorial landscape found in France by John IV’s agents. All these studies contribute to a meticulous reading of discursive and material elements present in the publications that the embassy produced, or had hoped to incentivize, with the goal of reconstituting as much as possible the intentions of its writers and editors, or even the most immediate reflections and reactions that these publications could arouse in readers and in a substantial part of French society
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Steinwall, Anders. "To do or not to do : dealing with the dilemma of intervention in Swedish nature conservation." Licentiate thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-128925.
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Nature conservation is often seen as being primarily about shielding parts of nature from human intervention, e.g. by protecting areas. Over the last decades, however, intervention is increasingly being seen as necessary for nature to regain or retain its values, through ecological restoration and active management. This complicates simple assumptions that ‘nature knows best’ and raises dilemmas which are hotly debated in the scholarly literature around ecological restoration, protected area management, environmental ethics and green political theory. However, how these dilemmas are dealt with in actual policy struggles among the conservation professionals who make management decisions is less studied. This thesis explores how issues regarding active intervention in nature are represented, debated and institutionalized within Swedish nature conservation, and to what effect. The empirical focus lies on policy struggles around the designation and management of protected forests and around efforts to save a nationally threatened bird species, the white-backed woodpecker. My analytical framework is informed by Argumentative Discourse Analysis and Political Discourse Theory, to which I contribute a further elaboration of the notion of discourse institutionalization. Based on documents and interviews with conservation professionals, I identify competing articulations of the ends and means of conservation and relate these to scholarly debates around ecological restoration and interventionist conservation management. The analysis further focuses on how elements of the different policy discourses are institutionalized in rules, routines or official policy documents. Two main competing policy discourses are found: one focused on leaving pristine nature to develop freely, and one focused on active, adaptive management for biodiversity. While the former has previously been said to characterize the Swedish conservation bureaucracy, my analysis shows it is now widely seen as outdated. Arguments which in the scholarly literature are associated with an ethically informed defense of nature’s autonomy are here dismissed as emotional, aesthetic and thus unscientific concerns, delegitimizing them within the rational, science-based public administration for nature conservation. In contrast, biodiversity is broadly forwarded as a self-evident goal for active intervention, in line with both science and policy requirements. Adaptive management for biodiversity is in that sense the dominant discourse. Still, the older discourse is institutionalized in the purposes and management plans of existing nature reserves, and its defenders have also succeeded in strengthening that institutionalization through new and more restrictive guidelines. The findings suggest that this has been possible not only because of the gate-keeping role of a few centrally placed actors, but also because their restrictive stance resonates with the outside threat of exploitation which organizes the common order of discourse. Naturalness, a term described as irrelevant by some proponents of adaptive management for biodiversity, is also shown to remain a shared concern in several ways. The results thus highlight the importance of both entrenched common sense and institutionalization of certain logics or arguments in authoritative documents. The main theoretical contribution of the thesis consists in clarifying the effects of such discourse institutionalization — using the terms durability, legibility and leverage — and showing how the processes of negotiation, re-interpretation and modification of institutions are more dynamic than some accounts of discourse institutionalization suggest. Rather than trying to resolve (and thus remove) the dilemma of intervention, the thesis points to the importance of keeping open discussion of the ultimately unanswerable questions about intervention in nature alive in both theory and practice.Ecosystem restoration in policy and practice: restore, develop, adapt (RESTORE)
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Hansson, Sanna, and Sonja Lundeberg. "Skolgårdens plats i den föränderliga staden." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45248.
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I stadens förändringsprocess, ständigt präglad av nya ideal, ska många intressen förenas och beaktas vid utformningen av skolgårdar. Med utgångspunkt i naturens betydelse för barns hälsa och utveckling undersöker denna studie två skolgårdar i Malmö utifrån tre perspektiv: skolgårdarnas utformning, högstadieelevers användning av och preferenser på skolgården samt planerarens prioriteringar och tillvägagångssätt vid utformningen av skolgårdsmiljöer. Syftet är, genom förståelse för hur dessa tre perspektiv kan förenas, öka kunskapen kring hur skolgårdarna kan planeras mer socialt och ekologiskt hållbart i den föränderliga staden. Detta undersöks med en mixad metod genom platsobservationer, enkätundersökningar och intervjuer. Empirin påvisar en relativt passiv inställning till skolgården bland eleverna, oberoende av skolgårdens storlek och mängd grönska samt att de överlag prioriterar social interaktion och mobilanvändande på rasterna. Tolkningen av det empiriska materialet utifrån teorin tyder på att det är grönskans kvalitet som påverkar elevernas intresse för att ta del av miljön. Genom intervjuerna framkom det att utformningen av ett grönt ramverk som erbjuder olika rumsligheter kan bidra till en mer jämlik, inkluderande och hållbar skolgårdsmiljö. Den ideala skolgårdsmiljön, som kan anses vara en där naturen företräds, speglar dock inte nödvändigtvis elevernas uppfattning av den ideala skolgården. Elevernas preferenser kan däremot få ta plats inom det hållbara ramverket, genom aktiv gestaltning.Within the city's transformative process, constantly tinged by new ideals, different interests must be united and considered in the planning and design of school grounds. Based on the importance of nature for children's health and development, this study examines two school grounds in Malmö from three perspectives: the school grounds design and shape, the use and preferences of the students on the school grounds, and the planner´s priorities and proceedings in planning school ground environments. The purpose is, through an understanding of how these three perspectives can unite, to increase knowledge on how school grounds can be planned more socially and ecologically sustainable in the transformative city. This is investigated with a mixed method through site observations, surveys and interviews. The empirical evidence shows a relatively passive relation to the school ground among the students, regardless of the school grounds size and amount of greenery, and generally they prioritize social interaction and mobile phone use during breaks. The interpretation of the empirical material, based on the theory, indicates that it is the quality of the greenery that affects the student’s interest in using the environment. Through the interviews, it emerged that the design of a green framework that offers different spatialities can contribute to a more equal, inclusive and sustainable school ground. The ideal environment of the school ground, which can be considered one that is characterized by natural environments, does not necessarily reflect the student's ideal of it. The students' preferences can however be accommodated within the sustainable framework through continuous design.
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Liao, Li Chen, and 廖儷鍞. "A study of Japanese political system of the preservation and restoration of cultural assets." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85533125887124813620.
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Chelf, Linda Carol. "The restoration anthems of Henry Purcell and their political implications during the reign of Charles II (England)." Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/13350.
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Although the English anthem was the primary form of sacred composition in England during the Renaissance and early Baroque, it was not considered too sacred to be used as royalist propaganda. Text sources for the anthem came primarily from the Psalms, the Book of Common Prayer, and Scripture. Because many of the anthem composers were Gentlemen of the Chapel Royal, which was supported by the monarchy, the anthems sometimes reflected royalist views.
Henry Purcell began writing anthems during the public hysteria generated by the Popish Plot, war with the Dutch, and fear of the French and the papacy. Although direct connections between specific events and specific anthems are speculative, there can be little doubt that the upheavals faced by the English monarchy influenced Purcell's compositions.
Fourteen of Purcell's anthems written between 1678 and 1685 are discussed according to their political implications. Musical analysis of four representative anthems is provided.
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Chang, Kuei-min. "Spiritual State, Material Temple: The Political Economy of Religious Revival in China." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8SN097K.
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China’s dramatic religious revival over the last three decades has defied two dominant theories in the study of religion and politics: the secularization theory and the market theory of religion. Put simply, the former predicts declining religious significance along with economic modernization; and the latter holds that religious vitality is a function of state regulation. Not only is religious observance on the rise despite continued economic growth, but also the upsurge of religion has coincided with the atheist state’s unceasing effort to curb religious expansion. This dissertation focuses on the material dimension of religious revival. It investigates the mixed material and ideational incentives of both state and religious actors in the processes of temple restoration, their interactions, and the resulting variety of temple autonomy.
One of the key findings is that mass temple restoration has been greatly driven by state agents acting on their own interests. The atheist state and its local agents encourage temple reconstruction and tolerate priestly autonomy when doing so is expedient to social stability and economic growth imperative to their political survival. This dissertation argues that temple restoration has become a repertoire in local economic development. Local state agents seek to restore temples and redirect their functions to mass tourist consumption. Due to the immobility of temple assets, aspiring religious leaders seek to demonstrate political conformity and the temple’s economic contribution in their struggle for religious autonomy. As a result, Buddhism and Taoism have been battling with constant pressure of local state-led religious commodification. The close tie between temples and the interests of various state agents has resulted in uncertain religious development and a state-religion relationship that is simultaneously cooperative and contentious. The research hence contributes to our understanding of the antinomies of authoritarian state legitimation wherein state-religion enmities are endogenous to the system of economic development and religious governance. More broadly, the research situates the upsurge of religion in the larger cultural and institutional contexts and explores less-studied top-down religious institutionalization and its sociopolitical consequences. It therefore enriches the study of religion and politics by bringing the modernizing state and its local representatives to the forefront as the agent of secularization as well as religious restoration.
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李瑞娟. "Social-mediated political crisis communication: The interplay of the candidate’s image restoration strategies between news media and Facebook fanpages." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u7k3pp.
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Perry, Simona Lee. "More than one river: Local, place-based knowledge and the political ecology of restoration and remediation along the Lower Neponset River, Massachusetts." 2009. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3380005.
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This research is an exploration of the local, place-based knowledge surrounding a degraded urban river, the Lower Neponset River and Estuary in southern Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, and its environmental restoration. Through a mixed-methods approach to sociological inquiry that included 18-months of ethnographic interviews and participant observations, Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping, archival document research, and critical environmental history, it explores the different ways local citizens interpret the river as a place of historical importance, personal nostalgia, social and family networks, neighborhood legacies, aesthetics, economic security, danger, psychological refuge, ecology, and political power. Using an interpretive analysis of the narrative, visual, and spatial data related to those meanings, it then explores how such different local, place-based interpretations can be used to inform the theory, practice and politics of urban river restoration. The research shows that recognition of the socio-cultural diversity in local citizen interpretations of the Lower Neponset River’s restoration is important for environmental managers, planners, and local decision-makers to recognize alongside ecological and economic development “best-practices” (e.g., holistic watershed management, anadromous fish re-introduction, flow and function, ecosystem services, affordable housing quotas, “Smart” growth, etc.). The research recommends that environmental managers, planners, and local politicians and decision-makers give equal consideration to the socio-cultural, political, economic, and ecological factors surrounding urban rivers, and the diversity of meanings that their “restoration” conjures, in order to make strides towards ethical environmental restoration and management practices that are socially, as well as environmentally, sustainable.
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Friesen, Sandra A. "The rise and fall of Seigneur Dildoe: the figure of the dildo in restoration literature and culture." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7750.
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Seigneur Dildoe, as this dissertation will contend, was a fixture in Restoration literature and culture (1660-1700). But what was his provenance, by what means did he travel, and why did he come? This dissertation provides a literary history of the fascinating and highly irreverent dildo satire tradition, tracing the dildo satire’s long and winding progress from antiquity to Restoration England, where the tradition reached its early modern zenith. Adding breadth, context, and texture to existing treatments of the trope’s political and sexual potency, this dissertation investigates the dildo satire’s roots in both Greek comedy (Aristophanes, Herodas) and Latin invective (Martial, Juvenal), its influential association in early modern Italy with Catholicism and monastic life (Aretino), and its introduction in early modern England (Nashe), where it cropped up in the works of a surprising number of literary giants (Shakespeare, Jonson, Donne, Marvell). In Restoration England, we find in the satiric dildos of Butler, Rochester, and the contextually rich “Seigneur Dildoe” articulations of a dildo gone viral: the mock-heroic Seigneur deployed as a politically central motif symptomatic of its society’s acute patriarchal fissures. Throughout I argue that the dildo satire’s longevity is due not to a uniformity of purpose or signification (misogynist, anti-Catholic, emasculating, or otherwise), but to its innate versatility and ambiguity as a fugitive sexual and political figure. I also argue that what does in fact unite the satiric dildo’s variety of contingent ends, against what has been assumed in the scholarship, is its status as a markedly anti-Phallic figure.Graduate
2018-01-09
0401
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missmenno.sf@gmail.com
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Merten, Jennifer. "Agrarian change and hydro-social transformations. The socio-natural production of water, risk and inequality in Jambi province, Indonesia." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1585-D.
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Gertken, Matthew Charles. "Jonathan Swift, Sir William Temple and the international balance of power." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/23023.
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This dissertation investigates the balance of power theory of international relations in the works of Jonathan Swift and his mentor Sir William Temple. Both Temple and Swift are known to have championed balance-of-power foreign policy, yet no sustained study of the subject exists. To begin, I argue that Temple used balance as a metaphor for division or separation. His policy of preserving the “Balance of Christendom” translates to sowing division among European states, and for the same reason he rejects balance of power at home. Proceeding to Swift, while commentators have long known that he advocated the classical theory of constitutional balance, they have neglected his engagement with international balance. Swift assimilates Temple’s positions into a universal theory based on classical authors; he sees balance of power as an element in the broader quarrel of ancients and moderns. The ancient view posits an independent agent who operates within the constraints of a system; the modern, by contrast, either exaggerates agency to the point of divine-right absolutism or minimizes it to the extent that only an impersonal, clockwork-like system remains. In both cases, the moderns pursue material power at each other’s expense, neglecting the intangible benefits of due separation. This theory has important ramifications for Swift’s international writings. For years scholars have emphasized Swift’s conspiracy theorizing in the Conduct of the Allies, but I argue that he discredits the Whig war cry of “Balance of Europe,” which sought military power (the balance of forces) as an end in itself, and reasserts balance as a policy of slicing Europe into as many separate kingdoms as possible. Ultimately, however, Swift’s most lasting contribution appears in Gulliver’s Travels. Here he depicts maritime power as the quintessential means by which moderns pursue absolute power, and intimates a political “Balance of Earth” as a satirical correction. This study, the first to focus on the international dimension of Swift’s political theory, offers a corrective to literary studies that favor domestic politics and yields insights into the evolution of balance-of-power theory and the intersection of culture and foreign policy at the dawn of the British empire.text
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Silva, Pedro Paulo de Figueiredo. "A praça e o reino: cotidiano e espaço público em Portugal entre Filipes e Braganças (ca. 1580 - ca. 1668)." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23025.
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O principal objetivo desta tese é o de revelar desconhecidas agências e agentes da política
portuguesa que, cotidianamente, constituíam o seu espaço público, durante o período
moderno. Atentando a diferentes escalas, entre a praça e o reino, desvendar-se-á através
do cotidiano dos anos da União Ibérica e da Restauração Portuguesa como a política
estava presente na vida diária e se manifestava nas ruas das principais cidades do reino.
As diferentes literaturas em circulação, pasquins, panfletos, juízos e alteridades sociais,
além do modo como os diferentes grupos da população reagiam aos contextos políticos
considerados ao longo desta tese, serão os elementos considerados no tratamento do seu
objeto. Revisitando parte da teoria sobre o espaço público e da historiografia sobre o
Antigo Regime e com especial atenção para o cotidiano da Lisboa deste período, as
abordagens, análises e demonstrações que seguirão feitas deverão culminar na
identificação de uma intensa atividade política e cultural, cuja diversidade de agentes,
interesses e opiniões é uma de suas mais evidentes e negadas características.The main objective of this thesis is to reveal unknown agencies and agents of Portuguese politics that daily constituted its public space during the modern period. Attending to different scales, between the square and the kingdom, we will seek to unveil through the daily life of the years of the Iberian Union and the Portuguese Restoration how politics was present in daily life and manifested in the streets of the main cities of the kingdom. The different circulating literatures, pamphlets, pamphlets, judgments, and social alterities, as well as the way different population groups responded to the political contexts considered, will be the elements to be considered in the treatment of the object. Revisiting part of the theory of public space and the historiography of the Old Regime and with special attention to the daily life of Lisbon during this period, the approaches, analyzes and demonstrations that follow will culminate in the identification of an intense political and cultural activity, whose diversity of agents, interests and opinions is one of its most obvious and denied characteristics.
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Hoblová, Kristýna. "Reflexe vylučovací krize (1678-1683) v soudobé literatuře." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351925.
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The Reflection of the Exclusion Crisis (1678-1683) in Contemporary Literature Kristýna Hoblová abstract This work of literary history analyses the reflection of the Exclusion Crisis (1678-1683) in contemporary literature across genres. It is based on the theory of the rise of the public sphere by Jürgen Habermas and on the theory of Michael McKeon, understanding the ideology of the late Stuarts as a last remnant of aristocratic ideology. The Exclusion Crisis is presented here as a period of unsettling negotiations between the declining Stuart ethos and the Whig ideology of the rising mercantile classes. The interpretation of chosen texts serves to discover creative transformations of the political discourse of the newly emerging political parties of Whigs and Tories, stressing the negotiations between genres, individual authors and political ideologies. The first chapter offers a brief overview of the socio-historical context, Habermas's theory of the rise of the public sphere and Michael McKeon's conception of aristocratic ideology. It also introduces the Tory political theory defending the Stuart divine right of kings on the basis of Robert Filmer's patriarchal household-state analogy and the Whig defence against absolutist tendencies of the Stuarts through asserting the priority of Law over the Royal...
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Njenga, Wilfred Muigai. "A customised proactive crisis communication process framework for secondary educational institutions in Kenya : a cross-sectional exploration of students' strike in Mirangine Sub-County." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24723.
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Text in English, abstracts and keywords in English, Afrikaans and ZuluSecondary educational institutions need to constantly scan their environment for crises that could hamper their operations and hinder the achievement of their organisational objectives. These institutions should also engage their strategic stakeholders in a mixed motive communication to collaboratively discuss the crises and find amicable solutions; thereby avoiding crises like the proliferating student strikes in secondary educational institutions in Kenya. This study explored the need for a customised Proactive Crisis Communication Process (PCCP) framework for secondary educational institutions in Kenya to avoid student strikes. A two-phased approach was adopted to collect the data. The first phase involved 12 one-on-one semi-structured interviews with the principals of the secondary educational institutions in Mirangine Sub-County, while the second phase involved five focus group discussions with the students of Ruiru Secondary School. The results indicated that student strikes in secondary educational institutions in Kenya were proliferating and that despite this, these institutions lack proactive measures to avoid strikes. Hence, this study posited a PCCP framework that proposed various proactive measures to avoid student strikes in secondary educational institutions in Kenya.
Sekondêre opvoedkundige instellings moet konstant hul omgewing ondersoek vir krisisse wat hul bedrywighede kan belemmer en die bereiking van hul organisatoriese doelwitte kan verhinder. Hierdie instellings moet ook hul strategiese belanghebbers by gemengdemotief- kommunikasie betrek om gesamentlik die krisisse te bespreek en minlike oplossings te vind; en sodoende krisisse soos die toenemende studentestakings in sekondêre opvoedkundige instellings in Kenia te vermy. In hierdie studie is die nodigheid vir ʼn doelgemaakte ProaktieweKrisiskommunikasieproses (PCCP)-raamwerkvir sekondêre opvoedkundige instellings in Kenia ondersoek om studentestakings te voorkom. ʼn Tweefase-benadering is gevolg om die data in te samel. Die eerste fase het 12 halfgestruktureerde onderhoude behels wat een-tot-een met die hoofde van die sekondêre opvoedkundige instellingsin Mirangine Sub-Countygevoer is, terwyl die tweede fase bestaan het uit vyf fokusgroepbesprekings met die studente van RuiruSecondarySchool. Die resultate het getoon dat studentestakings in sekondêre opvoedkundige instellingsin Kenia vinnig toeneem en dat hierdie instellings, ten spyte daarvan, nie oor proaktiewe maatstawwe beskik om stakings af te weer nie.Gevolglik het hierdie studie ʼn PCCP-raamwerk aangeneem wat verskeie proaktiewe maatstawwe voorstel om stakings deur studente in sekondêre opvoedkundige instellings in Kenia te verhoed.
Izikhungo zemfundoyomkhakhawamasekhondari kumele zihlale ziqaphele ukuthi akukho yini endaweniezikuyookungasusaudweshubesekuphazamisaukusebenzakwazokuvimbe impumeleloyazoezinhloswenizayo.Lezizikhungokumelezibuyezisebenzisane nabathintekayo balawule amasu okusebenza ukuba kubenokuxhumana okunhlobonhlobo kuxoxwe ngokubambisana ngodweshu olungavela nokuthi lungasonjululwa kanjani ngendlela egculisayo; ngaleyo ndlela-ke ingagwemeka imibhikisho yabafundi elokhu isabalala ezikhungwenj zamasekhondari eKenya. Lolu cwaningoluhlola isidingo sohlaka lwekhethelo lokusheshe kusukunyelweudweshu lungakenzeki,i-Proactive Crisis Communication Process (PCCP) olungasebenza ezikhungweni zemfundo yamasekhondari eKenya ukuze kugwenywe imibhikisho yabafujni. Kwemukelwaindlela ezigaba zimbili yokuqoqainingwane. Isigaba sokuqala ngokuxoxisana okuyi-12 komuntu ebhekene nomuntu okuthi akuhleleke nje, okwenziwa nothishanhloko bezukhungo zemfundi yamasekhondaribaseMiringane Sub-County, kanti isigaba sesibili sabandakanya izingxoxo eziyisihlanu zamaqembu agxike kokuthile nje, zenziwa nabafundi besikole iRuri Secondary School. Imiphumela yaveza ukuthi imibhikisho ezikhungweni zemfundo yamasekhondari eKenya yabe yanda nokuthi nangaphandle kwalokhu izikhungo lezi zazingenazo izinyathelo ezingazithatha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuvimba ukwenziwa kwemibhikisho. Yikho-ke lolu cwaningo luphakamisa uhlaka lwe-PCCP oluncoma izinyathelo ezahlukene okumele zisheshe zithathwe ukugwema imibhikisho yabafundi ezikhungweni zamasekhondari eKenya.
Communication
M.A. (Communication)
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Askari, Nasrin. "The Medieval Reception of Firdausī's Shāhnāma: The Ardashīr Cycle as a Mirror for Princes." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35768.
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Based on a broad survey of the reception of Firdausī’s Shāhnāma in medieval times, this dissertation argues that Firdausī’s oeuvre was primarily perceived as a book of wisdom and advice for kings and courtly élites. The medieval reception of the Shāhnāma is clearly manifested in the comments of medieval authors about Firdausī and his work, and in their use of the Shāhnāma in the composition of their own works. The production of ikhtiyārāt-i Shāhnāmas (selections from the Shāhnāma) in medieval times and the remarkable attention of the authors of mirrors for princes to Firdausī’s opus are particularly illuminating in this regard.
The survey is complemented by a close textual reading of the Ardashīr cycle in the Shāhnāma in comparison with other medieval historical accounts about Ardashīr, in order to illustrate how history in the Shāhnāma is reduced to only a framework for the presentation of ideas and ideals of kingship. Based on ancient Persian beliefs regarding the ideal state of the world, I argue that Ardashīr in the Shāhnāma is represented as a Saviour of the world. Within this context, I offer new interpretations of the symbolic tale of Ardashīr’s fight against a giant worm, and explain why the idea of the union of kingship and religion, a major topic in almost all medieval Persian mirrors for princes, has often been attributed to Ardashīr. Finally, I compare the Ardashīr cycle in the Shāhnāma with nine medieval Persian mirrors for princes to demonstrate that the ethico-political concepts contained in them, as well as the portrayal of Ardashīr, remain more or less the same in all these works.
Study of the Shāhnāma as a mirror for princes, as this study shows, not only reveals the meaning of its symbolic tales, but also sheds light on the pre-Islamic roots of some of the ethico-political concepts presented in the medieval Perso-Islamic literature of wisdom and advice for kings and courtiers.