Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ressources collectives'
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Demissy, Romain. "Trajectoires sectorielles longues et actions collectives territoriales : quelles capacités d'intervention pour les acteurs locaux ? : étude à partir de trois secteurs en Champagne-Ardenne." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC045/document.
Full textThe thesis analyze three sector's historical trends. Those sectors are based in the former Champagne-Ardenne region. The sectors are : 1) metalworking industries 2) Industries linked with the Champagne wine production 3) agro-ressources production industries. For its conceptual framework, the thesis mobilize approach from the french Theorie de la Régulation to elaborate the analysed sectors' chronology. In addition, the thesis is particulary focused on the regulation process at an infranational scale. The three sectors analyzis is also based on the immaterial heritage and the territorial ressources concepts. The trend analysis built are presented as heritage constitution process analysis. The thesis also focus on the institutional displays that refer to this local heritage. The thesis highlights a specialisation process toward automobile industries concerning the metalwork. This specialisation took place prinicipally during the 1940s - 1950s. This specilisation led to a sectorial dead end for every of the metalwork industries' local projects. About the industries linked to the Champagne wine production, there is a specific difficulty for them to halt their local heritage's erosion. These industries faces the overwhelming representations of the welthy Champagne industries and the institutional presence of the Champagne industries' actors. At last, for the Agro ressources industries it appears that a rich and sturdy heritage is currently building. But it also appears that this heritage lacks to reach other actors than those already involved in the project
Faysse, Nicolas. "L'influence des règles collectives d'allocation de l'eau sur les choix stratégiques des agriculteurs : des petits périmètres irrigués tunisiens aux prélèvements en rivière dans le bassin de l'Adour." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00515643.
Full textPezet, Éric. "De la classification des emplois à la question des compétences : modélisation des relations entre gestion des ressources humaines et négociation collective." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1215.
Full textSchwamberger, Yannick. "L'analyse des processus de négociation de l'aménagement - réduction du temps de travail : contribution à un modèle de gestion du conflit et de la négociation en ressources humaines." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50374-1999-21.pdf.
Full textWelch-Devine, Meredith. "Co-gestion des milieux naturels dans les Pyrénées : Natura 2000 et la gestion des propriétés collectives Basques (exemple du pays de Soule)." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU1012.
Full textThe Basque province of Soule (department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France) contains more than 14,000 hectares of common-pool land. This land provides numerous resources, most notably summer pasturage, to the animal raisers of the province who, for centuries, have collectively managed that land under a common property regime. At the same time, biodiversity conservation has arisen as a chief concern of the international community and of European policy-makers. In 1992, the European Commission passed the Habitats Directive, which, together with the Birds Directive, creates a pan-European network of areas to be managed for social, economic, and ecological sustainability. This network, called Natura 2000, is made up of conservation sites on both public and private lands, and the common lands of Soule are covered almost in their entirety by Natura 2000 sites. The implementation of Natura 2000 is pushing the current system toward one of co-management between resource users, state agencies, and other stakeholders yet to be identified. This dissertation research examines the co-management process that is slowly emerging and compares it to the existing management regime. I discuss how relations between Basques and the French state combine with features of the implementation process to create resistance. I then examine the major themes of resistance and their origins, and explore the particularities that must be considered when moving from common property to co-management
Brémond, Alice. "Incertitude et processus de négociation." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010062.
Full textThis research deals with the role of uncertainty in the negotiation process. Making use of the theory of bounded rationality, a new concept is introduced to help explain why certain negotiations fail to lead to agreement. This concept is named uncertainty concerning one's own interests in the negotiation. This research aims to explore how particular strategies may help to unblock failing negotiations by removing uncertainty. Two hypotheses are offered to explore the consequences of this uncertainty in the negotiation process. Firstly, it is argued that the presence of uncertainty may conceal the existence of possible grounds for agreement between the two parties and thus hinder progress. Secondly, concrete solutions are suggested which would reduce the level of uncertainty and thus favour the completion of successful negotiations. Emphasis is placed on the need to remove ambiguity from key negotiating points by clearly signalling the area of uncertainty. This research shows that focusing attention on uncertainty concerning one's own interests in the negotiation ; serves to reduce uncertainty. Indeed, the progress of reducing uncertainty may itself form part of the negotiation process. These two hypotheses are tested in two real negotiation situations : the reduction of working time in france and the establishment by I. B. M. Of a european works council
Doche, Camille. "Essays on Cooperative Organizations and Collective Resources." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHEC0001.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on organizations’ use of collective resources which are shared with other organizations, including competitors. Specifically, this work examines the interactions between cooperative organizational forms – which are relying on shared resources – and other resources, whether collective or not (e.g. privately owned resources, Common-Pool Resources, public resources), and the consequences for firm performance.The first chapter investigates members’ defection from cooperatives, when they cease to use shared resources.This first chapter also explores retention practices cooperatives can adopt to retain these members. The second chapter delves into the role of Common-Pool Resources (CPRs or Commons) in this decision to leave cooperatives. This chapter thus examines how collective resources within cooperatives may conflict with CPRs and undermine each other. Building on the second chapter's exploration of CPRs, the third chapter redefines performance in contexts where such commons are at risk of depletion. This last chapter examines how the non-exploitation of resources can indicate performance for firms
Tatu, Ofélia. "Processus de reconnaissance : de la prévention d'un risque psychosocial à la construction de la santé au travail." Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0101.
Full textThis research studies the role of recognition as a resource for health enhancement and for employees’ capability development. Furthermore, it analyses the role of individual, collective and organizational resources in preventing psychosocial risks in the workplace. This research discusses also the contribution of recognition in the process of occupational health enhancement. In the first study we analysed 16 programs of psychosocial risks prevention as well as important documents for this issue. For the second and the third study we interviewed 147 persons individually, and we conducted three focus group interviews. The results have shown that recognition plays an important role for health and that recognition practices must come from four sources: the organization, the work team, the work activity and the “significant others”. Our results have also shown that the concept of recognition has three main dimensions. Therefore, this research makes a theoretical and practical contribution to the issue of recognition in the workplace. It helps clarifying the conceptual and methodological framework needed to analyse recognition and implement actions that protect, enhance and promote employees’ health
Abrami, Géraldine. "Niveaux d'organisation dans la modélisation multi-agent pour la gestion de ressources renouvelables. Application à la mise en œuvre de règles collectives de gestion de l'eau agricole dans la basse-vallée de la Drôme." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000904.
Full textSalesina, Marc. "Contribution à l'analyse de l'influence des institutions représentatives du personnel sur les pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines dans le contexte français." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0215/document.
Full textSince the beginning of the 1980s, the French legislation of workplace industrial relations has faced dramatic transformations. Specifically, collective bargaining procedures with employee representatives have become a central feature of the HR decision-making process, and several reforms intended to reinforce both employee participation and partnership between employers and employee representatives. Such changes raise questions about the role played by employee representatives in shaping human resource practices used in French workplaces, within a specific legal and historical framework. In conjunction, human resources practices based on employee involvement and commitment have developed, and their effects can be regarded as adversarial to employee representatives. Drawing on the theoretical works developed in the fields of industrial relations - namely exit/voice model, strategic choice theory and its extensions - and strategic human resource management, the aim of this doctoral research is to offer an analysis of the influence of the presence, co-presence, activities and strategies of union as well as non-union employee representatives on the use of high performance work practices and systems. As such, we investigate if and to what extend employee representation can be regarded as determinants of human resource practices and systems at the workplace level. A quantitative analysis is conducted on a nationally representative sample of 2,500 French workplaces. The results of logistic regression estimates can be summed up into three main points. First, we note that employee representatives do not prevent the use of high performance work practices and systems. Second, the fact that union and non-union employee representatives show different influence over the use of practices raises questions about new legal features. Third, we show that the influence of employee representatives varies when we turn from the analysis of isolated practices to bundles of practices. This result underlines that high performance work systems have a strategic meaning to both the management and employee representatives
Daoud, Rasha. "La consommation énergétique domestique pour le chauffage en France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A007/document.
Full textWe analyze in this work the determinants of the energy source for heating choice and its impact on the households living in France energy consumption and expenses. This thesis is written in five chapters. In the first we show the lack of data relative to home's energy consumption and we present a set of descriptive statistics showing some features of the energy consumption and expenses in the French dwellings. In the second chapter we describe in details the utilization of energy for heating in the French residential park and we make use of a discrete choice model to determine the factors intervening in the choice of heating equipments.In the third chapter we analyze the determinants of the energy demand for heating and the overall energy expenses in all the French dwellings by estimating a series of econometric models inspired by Dubin and Mcfadden (1984) used to deal with the selection biais.In the fourth chapter we concentrate on the rental sector to determine its singularities on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to find out the features which distinguish the social sector from the private sector concerning the heating equipment choice and the energy consumption and expenses levels. And last but not least, the fifth chapter is dedicated to lay the foundations of a theoretical model formalizing the behavior of all the agents toward energy when the heating bill is collective. It is worth noting that so far, there isn't any model dealing with this question
Meftah, Rim. "La dimension collective du capital humain." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090085.
Full textThe objective of our research is to comprehend the nature and the constituent elements of the collective dimension of the human capital as well as the underlying dynamics to its processes of emergence and mobilization. To do it, a systematic conceptualization was being built at first, it bases on a series of assumptions. It will serve as a starting point in the understanding of the collective dimension of the human capital. An exploratory case study is secondly envisaged, it declines in the participant observation of two forms of collective working: the first collective is permanent; the second is a transverse and temporary team of project. The longitudinal analysis of these two sites allows you to confirm empirically the relevance of our systematic conceptualization of the collective dimension of the human capital as a theoretical built. So the collective human capital is put in perspective, the levers which may facilitate the emergence and the mobilization of the collective dimension of the human capital, at an organizational level at first then of team and finally individual are determined. The analysis intersites has allowed us to better understand the mechanisms which underlie the process of emergence and mobilization of the collective dimension of human capital. The conditions of emergence and mobilizing, indicators and manifestations of the collective dimension of human capital were highlighted
Baechler, Laurent. "Action collective et allocation des ressources atmosphériques : le cas du changement climatique." Paris 9, 2000. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090059.
Full textCézilly, Frank. "Contribution à l'étude fonctionnelle de l'exploitation collective des ressources alimentaires chez les oiseaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX11219.
Full textGrujard, Eric Giblin-Delvallet Béatrice. "Les enjeux géopolitiques de la préservation de la ressource en eau en France." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/GrujardThese.pdf.
Full textLoudin, Sarah. "Can we use a social experiment to assess the impact of participatory processes for water management? Studying a generic method tackling the evaluation of capabilities." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2019. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02524967.
Full textThe involvement of people in decision-making processes concerning the management of their natural resources has been largely promoted by institutional actors, from national to international scale. Its evaluation is important to determine its effectiveness and support governance. That is why we proposed in this thesis to develop an evaluation tool of the impacts of public participation through time on people and groups of people. To do this, we explore the use of a social experiment to perform this task, and focus on the capabilities of people, that is to say their valued freedoms of being and doing. Hence, the main research question of this thesis is the following: is it possible to use a social experiment based on a role-playing game to evaluate the impact of participatory processes for water management on its participants?We focused on three capabilities related to important states of being and action in the field of participatory decision-making for water resource management: being able as an individual to express oneself in a determined social context; being able to collectively make the diagnosis of a problematic situation; and being able to collectively make rules to manage a socio-ecosystem and implement them.We designed the CappWag experiment, a mixed-method evaluation tool based on an ad hoc role-playing game called CAPPWAG (divided in an ex ante version, CAPPWAG-RIVER, and an ex post version, CAPPWAG-LAKE), a questionnaire and a collective debriefing. We implemented the CappWag experiment on two case studies: a one-time evaluation of capabilities in Tunisia through the PR-OSCAR project, and an ex ante ex post evaluation in France with first-year Water Master’s students taking part in a course on Integrated water resource management. The results showed that the capabilities evaluated in the twelve groups of players varied greatly in terms of existence and strength. In the Master’s case study, the evolution of the three capabilities in the three-month span of the IWRM course was just as diverse and despite our expectations, they did not always increase, and sometimes even decreased. The methodology we used to analyze the data proved to be an interesting compromise between the collection and treatment of the data and the precision of the final results delivered to researchers, but also practitioners and participants. The evaluation of a collective capability was the most difficult part of the analyses, because of the multiple group configuration that can take place during a workshop. Despite the efforts undertaken to make the evaluation tool as appealing as possible to participants and practitioners, its inclusion within participatory processes could still be improved, in order to ensure its double implementation (ex ante and ex post). The capability approach that serves as a conceptual framework in this research does presents strong assets to capture the motivations, interests and capacities of participants in terms of water resource management and collective action. In order to be even more useful to practitioners and participants, our evaluation tool would benefit from the collection and treatment of additional information concerning people’s involvement in the real-life evaluated participatory process or training and to the events and social dynamics taking place outside of the evaluation tool
Bles, Olivier. "Approche théorique et expérimentale du choix de source et de la gestion collective des ressources alimentaires chez la fourmi." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ007/document.
Full textDuring my PhD I have developed theoretical (simulation) and experimental (tracking) tools to investigate the mechanisms underlying the collective food source choice as well as collective food management at the intranidal level in ants. A first part of my thesis reveals the influence of the physical (and in particular the angularity and the topography) properties of the trail to the food source on the ant behavior at the individual level and its resulting food source choice/exploitation at the collective level. The second part of my thesis is dedicated to the dynamics of the food flow entering the nest, its regulation and the food dissemination/accumulation processes at the intranidal level through trophallaxis (mouth-to-mouth fluid exchange). The networks of food distributions and exchanges were built for two ant species in various experimental conditions. Interestingly, all theses networks show several similar properties, such as a high degree of heterogeneity in the individual participation to the food exchange activity as well as a robustness facing environmental variabilities
Quéré, Nolwenn. "Numérique et genèses documentaires : études de collectifs de professeurs d'anglais producteurs de ressources." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0068.
Full textIn this PhD, I study the collective work of language teachers and its consequences for collectives and individuals, particularly with regard to the design and use of digital resources. To do this, I analyse the activity of three collectives of the region of Rennes by mobilising the theory of the documentational approach to didactics and that of the communities of practice. I first specify the community documentation, by proposing a description of the collective resource system, before explaining the community knowledge identified during the design work. In a second step, I describe the effects of the integration of this/these resource(s), collectively designed, in the practice of some teachers. To do this, I rely on the analysis of key episodes to uncover ongoing documentational genesis. My work introduces a schematization of the community resource system represented under a double level of description including the definition of blocks of situated collective resources. Finally, I propose a description of the schemes individually developed by teachers, articulating the document table and the design capacity concept
Dutilly, Diané Céline. "Action collective et coopération partielle dans la gestion des ressources communes : le cas des Ejidos mexicains." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF10228.
Full textSuccessful collective action in local communities is crucial for rural development. This is particularly true in Mexico, since the Second Agrarian Reforms of 1992, with the increased responsibility of the social sector for resources management and public infrastructures provision. We observe an important heterogeneity in ejidos’s ability to cooperate on some activities (CPR appropriation) – with a continuum of situations between the total failure and the optimal management. In a first phase, this dissertation tries to explore several theoretical alternatives to explain a partial exploitation level of CPR with coexistence of cooperators and cheaters. A second observation coming from the field is that some communities globally perform better than others. On the basis of the literature defining the factors for collective action success or failure, we propose to synthesize these determinants into a general index of cooperation to explain governance and the provision of public goods in 206 Mexican ejidos. We then show that if some determinants (community size) are decisive to explain all kind of collective action, some others (migration, heterogeneity, community period of creation) are specific to some activities, but are all complementary to explain general level of participation in the community
Dugénie, Pascal. "Espaces collaboratifs ubiquitaires sur une infrastructure à ressources distribuées." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20119.
Full textThe reflexions lead around the idea of collective (or collaborative) intelligence suggest, that those emerge within a system in interaction of which technical, social and semiotic factors are strongly imbricated (Pierre Levy, 1994). In order to leverage this challenge, this thesis propose to mix two innovative concepts. Firstly, the collaborative ubiquituous space is used to catalyse the interactions between groups of agents and services. Secondly, an infrastructure with distributed resources is used to dynamically coordinate the resources and the security according to quality of service criteria. A collaborative ubiquituous space integrates artificial processes to achieve massive computation (simulations, data mining, etc. ) and multimodal interfaces including shared visualisation for interactions between humans. In terms of infrastructure, this thesis explains why the Web does not respond suitably to the problem of collective intelligence and why we looked at Grid. In particular, a singular property of Grid is the stateful service that allows to coordinate distributed ressources in a dynamic and secured manner. To show it, instead of developping an analytical model, we have chosen a systemic model. The architecture model Agora proposes to use Grid to deploy collaborative ubiquituous spaces. Validated by a empirical method, this model has been evaluated iteratively based on returns from expérimentations with communities of users. According to the progress of our investigations, a Grid architecture coupled concepts linked to multi-agents systems show caracteristics required for scalability with a rationnal use of resources, while offering garanties of sécurity and high availibility
Frank, Cécile Sophie Nathalie. "Les collectifs de sans-papiers en France et en Espagne dans les années 2000 : Analyse comparative d'acteurs collectifs à faibles ressources." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10057.
Full textDugenie, Pascal. "Espaces Collaboratifs Ubiquitaires sur une infrastructure à ressources distribuées." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00203542.
Full textRiaux, Jeanne. "RÈGLES DE L'ÉTAT – RÈGLES DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ : UNE GOUVERNANCE LOCALE DE L'EAU. ANTHROPOLOGIE COMPARÉE DE DEUX SYSTÈMES D'IRRIGATION ANCIENS EN CONTEXTE D'INTERVENTION PUBLIQUE : VALLÉE DES AÏT BOU GUEMEZ (HAUT ATLAS - MAROC), PLAINE DE VINÇA (PYRÉNÉES - FRANCE)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00420606.
Full textrépartition équitable de la pénurie d'eau. Mais, bien que constamment renouvelées, les règles d'usage échouent à satisfaire les besoins en eau croissants des irrigants et ne sont plus respectées. L'autorité publique est sollicitée pour faire appliquer les règles communautaires. Les États proposent des solutions techniques conditionnées par l'application des lois nationales. Le couple notables / agents de l'administration a un rôle central dans la mise en oeuvre d'une gouvernance locale de l'eau, mode de régulation qui articule les règles nationales et les règles communautaires.
Riaux, Jeanne. "Règles de l'État - règles de la communauté : une gouvernance locale de l'eau : anthropologie comparée de deux systèmes d'irrigation anciens en contexte d'intervention publique : vallée des Aït Bou Guemez (Haut Atlas - Maroc), Plaine de Vinça (Pyrénées - France)." Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0232.
Full textThis study aims at decomposing the collective regulation mechanisms of irrigation in a context of public intervention. In a diachronic view, the compared approach of two irrigating communities anciently organized brings to light the dynamic feature of the water management rules. In a context of the inequation of the supply and the demand, the community rules organize a fair distribution of water shortage. But, although constantly renewed, these rules fail to satisfy the irrigators' rising need in water and are no longer respected. The public authorities are demanded to make these communal rules applied. The states suggest technical solutions conditionned by the application of the national rules. The pair "leading citizens / administrative agents" play a central role in the implementation of a local governance of water, a way of regulation which articulates the national rules and the communal rules
Lai, Cristian. "Modèle d'indexation sémantique de ressources de mémoires personnelle et collective basé sur une approche pair à pair." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1953.
Full textThe present thesis explores the use of a semantic approach for indexing resources that are shared among a community of users who are scattered in a peer-to-peer network. The thesis contributes to the studies of Semantic Indexing approaches that can be used both with resources owned within personal memories, and with resources that are shared in a distributed network. Because the system is generic, the exact nature of the distributed community can be left undefined but our narrower focus is on applications in the e-learning domain. To address the problem that resources have different types, an indexing system is proposed that is based on the user point of view and is performed manually. Indeed, because indices refer to the subjective information that is not necessarily contained in the resources or that are hard to extract from documents that are not textual, the indexing of such type of resources can only be done in an interactive way. We show that a unique approach can be taken that allows one to store documents in personal or collective memories. The approach requires suitable browsing interfaces for accessing ontologies that satisfy and facilitate indexing. We therefore also define an Indexing Patterns system for managing ontologies that can be utilized for creating indices. The method is intended to facilitate the browsing of ontologies by showing only that part of the ontology that is useful for indexing and can be employed by users of various operating systems. A related problem that we address concerns the difference between the publication context and the retrieval context. The solution poroposed in this thesis foresees different retrieval situations and queries during the time a resource is published and builds the index based on those assumptions. The intended practical application encapsulates in a transparent manner the functionalities that the user requires for managing the resources. The development of a prototype is guided by Architectural and Implementation descriptions of the indexing system, both of which are described in the thesis. Although the solution we offer is generic and can be used by different user communities, the approach benefits Domain Specific Communities in particular, by assisting specilized loose communities that are structured as peer to peer networks and that allow publishing and searching of documents
Da, Mata Siqueira Antenora Maria. "Ressources en eauProblèmes collectifs, intérêts contradictoires et gestion politique dans la vallée de l’Itabapoana (Sud-est brésilien)." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARE028.
Full textArezki, Djelloul. "La mobilisation collective des ressources humaines : un levier de pérennisation organisationnelle : une approche contingente dans quatre organisations festivalières." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0480.
Full textFestivals are organizations on the borderline between the events activities sector and the arts, culture and creation sector. They face an unstable, turbulent and constantly changing environment. Indeed, managers have to juggle with multiple economic, technological, political or societal contingencies (Soldo, 2018). Although more than 3000 festivals perform in France, a significant number of cultural organisations and event structures are temporarily/permanently closed, as showed by the "Cartocrise - Culture française tu te meurs -". This raises the question of the sustainability of these structures (Salaun, 2016); the latter represents a main challenge for festival managers. In this context, this doctoral work aims to understand how the collective mobilization of human resources can foster festival sustainability. More specifically, our study focus on addressing festivals sustainability we propose to provide solutions to the following problem: in order to ensure their sustainability to what extent can how festival organizations can use and promote the collective mobilization of their human resources? Using Dewey pragmatic-oriented approach, this work mobilizes the survey methodology. More specifically, the theoretical and conceptual framework built on the basis of a pre-exploratory study makes it possible to formulate two research proposals. We analyse these proposals using a multiple case study and identify theoretical, conceptual, methodological, managerial and pedagogical contributions
Bles, Olivier. "Approche théorique et expérimentale du choix de sources et de la gestion collective des ressources alimentaires chez la fourmi." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/280931/4/Sommaire.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Yelkouni, Martin. "Gestion d'une ressource naturelle et action collective : le cas de la forêt de Tiogo au Burkina Faso." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660993.
Full textMossi, Maïga Illiassou. "Gestion collective des aménagements hydro-agricoles au Niger : gouvernance locale et mobilisation des ressources pour une mise en valeur viable." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20012.
Full textIrrigation represents a major issue for Niger, a country which is frequently food non sufficient due to rainfall deficits. Since the 1960s, the focus has been put on the realization of large irrigation networks, essentially in the valley of the Niger river. From the beginning until the 1980s, governmental agencies have played an important role in the management of the irrigation systems. During the ten following years, the management responsibility was progressively transferred to agricultural cooperatives. This period reflects the transition from a hierarchical State governance to a local governance. Since, peasant organizations have been elaborating practical rules, often distinct from the prescribed rules, in order to alleviate financial, technical and organizational constraints. Observations show that these local arrangements were designed following a short term logic to solve concrete and local problems encountered by members of the irrigation networks. Using a theoretical framework based on the concept of governance, this thesis analyzes the emergence and the evolution of the rules, and confronts the prescribed rules to those effectively applied. It shows that practical rules tend to underscore social viability rather than economic and technical efficiency criteria. However, peasant organizations have difficulties to ensure the sustainable working of the irrigated systems, especially because they do not take into account the problem of the equipment replacement
Billon, Dominique. "La marque Apple comme ressource dans la construction de l'identité familiale : une approche auto-ethnographique." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR015.
Full textThis thesis is situated in the research stream called Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), in line with recent research trying to understand the collective relationships to a brand. The brand is no more understood as a “thing” created by a company (brand as a name), but as a process (branding as a verb) in which many participants play different roles, frequently outside the control of the company. The thesis investigates how the brand becomes embedded in the networks of relationships, practices and discourses within a family through three generations. The methodology is based on an autoethnography, a method rarely used in consumer and branding research. This approach enables a deep understanding of the interactions and strategies of people, taking a long-term perspective (thirty years) and considering the multivocality. This thesis is an extension of cultural branding at the family level, by introducing the concept of « brand family network », which reports how families and brands are embedded in our society. The thesis describes a reality different from the traditional principles of brand management, based on the idea that the company is supposed to influence a single consumer. By doing so, it extends the understanding of consumer-brand relationships, and complement the approach of the brand communities
Hamidov, Ahmad [Verfasser]. "Institutions of Collective Action for Common Pool Resources Management : Conditions for Sustainable Water Consumers Associations in Semi-Arid Uzbekistan / Ahmad Hamidov." Aachen : Shaker, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080762965/34.
Full textMeyer-Ueding, Jennifer. "Does participatory and collective governance promote sustainable decisions?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16934.
Full textThis dissertation studies the interrelation between collective stakeholder participation and sustainable decision-making when dealing with various resources. It follows an iterative research agenda consisting of a theoretical-conjoint-methodological approach and an empirical approach. First, the thesis aims to advance the theoretical debate on the relation between participatory governance and sustainable outcomes incorporating considerations on collective action. The second research aim is to accumulate concrete empirical insights on cases of collective stakeholder participation in Hyderabad, India. These two research goals are pursued via five research papers. Based on a household survey, paper 1 explores the prospects for more inclusive water planning at the neighbourhood level in Hyderabad. Paper 2 presents an extensive literature review resulting in the design of a distinct theoretical framework. The two following papers disclose through qualitative case studies insights on concrete collective stakeholder participation in Hyderabad. Paper 3 studies the cooperative sector in Hyderabad, revealing its lack of member participation and autonomy. Paper 4 exemplifies how SCOTRWA, a federation of neighbourhood associations in Hyderabad, uses its social capital as a tool for collective action against medical exploitation. Finally, paper 5 designs and applies a qualitative data evaluation approach to assess the interrelation between collective participation and sustainable decision-making. The approach is applied to a campaign promoted by a member association of SCOTRWA. This application points to the complexity in the interrelation between collective participation and sustainable decision-making and retroactively affects the dissertation’s theoretical and methodological conceptualisations. The methodological approach thereby establishes an innovative basis for further research.
Kisilevich, Slava [Verfasser]. "Analysis of user generated spatio-temporal data : Learning from collections of geotagged photos [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Slava Kisilevich." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1026012724/34.
Full textJacques, Alicia. "Introduction de diversité génétique dans les populations animales à partir de collections cryoconservées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASB084.
Full textGenetic diversity is essential for the conservation and adaptation of animal populations. However, in a closed population, genetic variability inevitably decreases under the effect of genetic drift, inbreeding or selection. This is all the more true in the case of domestic animals, where strong selection takes place in a few breeds, drastically reducing their effective population size whereas other breeds become endangered. Ex situ genetic resources, particularly cryopreserved ones such as semen or embryos, offer a unique opportunity to reintroduce or manage genetic diversity in domestic animal in situ populations. However, these resources are rarely used for this purpose. Indeed, there are no recommendations to help population managers use them in a way that addresses their objectives (e.g. conservation, selection...) and to the species involved (e.g. prolificity). In fact, reintroducing diversity from "old" material might increase inbreeding and decrease performances if not carefully planned. By combining the analysis of real data with simulations, this thesis aims at i) proposing a framework for evaluating ex situ genetic resources in the perspective of using them to manage the diversity of in situ populations, ii) understanding the determinants of their effective use, and iii) proposing general recommendations for their future use and the setting of new collections. Analysis of data from the French National Cryobank has enabled us to propose several standardized indices for measuring the diversity present in collections at different scales, from the breed to the individual. It has also shown that collection effort is highly dependent on the species in question, as well as on the context in which it is used (e.g. whether or not artificial insemination is widespread). Analysis of a specific case in the Abondance breed, where semen from a bull born in 1977 was re-used between 2004 and 2009, demonstrated the positive impact of using cryopreserved resources on the genetic diversity of in situ populations, even when under selection. This made it possible to reintroduce genetic variability, as well as to improve certain traits that had deteriorated over time, while limiting the negative impact on production performance, for which a certain lag was expected. This potential of "old" ex situ genetic resources has been confirmed in other contexts, by simulating various selection schemes ranging from conservation to selection with changing or unchanging objectives. Whatever the situation, few individuals were used, but this was enough to significantly reintroduce genetic diversity while maintaining the objectives set in each situation. Prolificity, on the other hand, seemed to have little effect on results. Finally, still using simulations, recommendations were made for building up a collection in order to optimize its use in managing the diversity of in situ populations. This was done with a gene bank collection of fixed size to mimic the financial and human limitations inherent in such programs. This thesis has therefore provided validation of the long-term usefulness of ex situ collections for managing the genetic diversity of in situ populations, while also providing recommendations for end-users and managers. These results could be transposed to wild populations in zoos or parks
Grenier, Cécile. "Diversité génétique des sorghos cultivés. Gestion des ressources génétiques et contribution des marqueurs moléculaires à la constitution de core collections." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20009.
Full textPereira, Hugo. "Risques sanitaires et exploitation des ressources alimentaires chez la fourmi Myrmica rubra." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/320546.
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Mouren, Renan. "E-médiations territoriales : modélisation et mise en ressources numériques : entre espace informé et espace géographique." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080100/document.
Full textBetween informed space and geographical spaceWe observe a wide range of territorial e-mediation’s concrete fields, statutes, functions and uses, according to socioeconomics,political, geographical or ecological contexts. This diversity reveals an epistemologically productivelink between digital, geographical and informized spaces. This thesis aims to circumscribe and deepen thosearticulated, sometimes divergent, complex dimensions, keys parameters of action and territorial development.Indeed, in the face of the major issues, socio-economic, ecological, societal and multicultural that weigh more orless uniformly today on the world, these dimensions of digital territorial mediation, are essential and necessary tobuild specific development models in which digital is one of the most significant. Moreover the higher the territoriale-mediation obeys a logic of branching, from the global to the local, the more it favors the use of territorial data thatare easy to track, capture, analyze and merchandise by the Data-Broker. This relative homogenization and thisqualitative impoverishment of the numerical data available on the territories, can induce new political normativities,limit the theoretical-practical researches on the social and usages innovations and lead to a numerical cooling of theterritories. This central notion of territorial e-mediation, is a « Boundary Objects » operates in this thesis as a amatrix for interpreting territories from which a theoretical-practical frameworks is designed. This thesis collect,analyse, reference, documents, publications, theoretical works, professional contributions, policies and practices onthis link between digital, geographical and informized spaces that is shifting the centre of gravity of territoriestheorical interpretations, proportionate to mutations and représentations that are facing them. For a number of yearswe experiment this framework with the Seine-Saint-Denis (Paris) territory, based on an interventions outline whichcombines stakeholders and actions, technical an social innovations in order to give meaning to the various forms ofaction, in view of sustainable development and common good. Distant territories and from different cultures couldunder certain methodological conditions through e-mediations, use this kind of framework to experiment andexpress their developpment models, comparisons, detailed analysis, the context of emergence, detailed comments,« traits » or solutions.Those mediations would permit
Janaud, Sarah. "La gestion de l'eau dans les puits collectifs du Bajio de Guananjuato : analyse et propositions à l'aide d'un modèle de programmation mathématique /." Montpellier : CIHEAM-IAMM, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399815969.
Full textBibliogr. p. 81-82. Résumé en français et en anglais. CIHEAM-IAMM = Centre international des hautes études agronomiques méditerranéennes-Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier.
Srigiri, Srinivasa Reddy [Verfasser]. "Institutions of collective action and property rights for natural resource management : Participation of rural households in watershed management initiatives in semi-arid India / Srinivasa Reddy Srigiri." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1069044296/34.
Full textSaint, Fleur William. "La mobilisation des ressources humaines dans un contexte post-changement : recherche-intervention dans une entreprise française, filiale d’un grand groupe pétrolier mondial." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3046.
Full textAccording to the National Foundation for Business Education and Management (FNEGE), the mobilization of human resources is one of the main concerns of French companies, whatever their size and activity. This concern is absolutely legitimate in view of the shortfall that results from the non-mobilization of people at work in terms of performance. Because, thanks to their efforts which exceed the normal expectations and consistent with the organizational objectives, the mobilized employees contribute to enhance the overall performance of their company. Furthermore, they adhere to change and often make suggestions, since they are open to continuous improvement. In a context where companies are forced to change constantly in order to face the competition and ensure their survival, the apprehension and the facilitation of the mobilization of their employees constitute for them a major challenge. How to apprehend the mobilization of the employees? How to foster their mobilization following organizational transformations? This dissertation seeks to answer these questions. It aims not only to understand and explain mobilization behaviors following organizational change, but also to help human resources practitioners and managers to act on this phenomenon within this context and possibly, beyond. To observe the mobilization of people at work within a post-change context, we conducted an intervention research in a French SME, a subsidiary of a major world oil group. The interpretation and analysis of the observation of this phenomenon were guided by the social exchange theory and the norm of reciprocity coupled with socio-technical analysis and the theory of structuration. The results reveal that the mobilization of human resources is a complex phenomenon with multiple, compensatory and multiplying sources
Rachdi, Mohamed Anouar. "Optimisation des ressources de réseaux hétérogènes avec coeur de réseau MPLS." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00146229.
Full textUngricht, Stefan. "Les figuiers endémiques de la Nouvelle-Calédonie : Evaluation quantitative des collections pour la taxonomie, floristique et conservation." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20219.
Full textRambhujun, Nardeosingh. "La gestion des ressources d'une bibliothèque universitaire : Un exemple : la bibliothèque interuniversitaire de Bordeaux, section droit et sciences économiques." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D319.
Full textMoraux, Hélène. "Le déploiement d'une capacité d'Open Marketing dans une organisation marketing : analyse selon une approche par les ressources, les capacités et les compétences marketing." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090037/document.
Full textMarketing has been given a strong interface and connection role within the literature, creating the assumption of a naturally “open” marketing. However, specifically, the opening of the marketing organization is not so obvious. In a theoretical paper, Day (2011) introduces the Open Marketing concept, defined as a capability to open the marketing organization to partners’ networks so as to gain marketing insights and capabilities in order to enrich the firm’s marketing. The concept is interesting, but its definition is not formalized and presents some drawbacks. Besides, the literature does not fully address the question of the marketing organization’s learning and enrichment thanks to marketing suppliers’ networks. Therefore, in a comprehensive intent, our work aims at answering the following question: “Which comprehension can be offered of the Open Marketing concept and of its interest to develop the organization’s marketing resources, capabilities and competences?” We conduct two empirical qualitative studies. Study 1 is exploratory and leads to several results. (1) A clear and empirically validated conceptualization of Open Marketing is brought to the literature. Besides, the normative “opening” assumption is reversed: marketing organizations do not rely on their suppliers’ network to develop their employees’ resources and competences with the same intensity and strategic intent. (2) The dimensions and forms of Open Marketing are revealed: two Open Marketing types (Organized and Intuitive) and modes (Orchestration and Mastery) are distinguished. (3) An analysis of the context allowing the Open Marketing deployment is offered. (4) The inputs flow coming from the suppliers’ network is disaggregated into marketing resources, capabilities and competences, thus illustrating the assets that can be captured by marketing employees in the Open Marketing process. Study 2 is a case study of an “Organized” Open Marketing organization and an “Intuitive” Open Marketing organization. It shows that the relational structure in which Open Marketing is deploying influences the inputs captured, as well as the process through which these inputs are gained. Finally, the thesis shows to marketing organizations that it can be interesting to engage in an opening process and to deploy an Open Marketing capability in order to develop marketing employees’ knowledge and competences, without supplementary expenses, thanks to the marketing suppliers’ network
Girard-Saïd, Mohamed Nicole. "La situation de minoritaire comme épreuve. L'école comme ressource ? : Etude des trajectoires des jeunes originaires des Comores-Mayotte à l'école de Marseille." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10108.
Full textHamadé, Fady. "Partage de coût sériel d'un bien public international : la gestion des ressources en eau au Proche-Orient." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10048.
Full textCuvelier, Lucie. "De la gestion des risques à la gestion des ressources de l’activité : étude de la résilience en anesthésie pédiatrique." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0773/document.
Full textThis research, which addresses patient safety, aims to develop a new approach to safety: resilience engineering. The thesis assumes that the resilience of a system, that is to say its ability to function under varying conditions expected or not, lies in the operators’ ability to articulate the management of risk with the management of their own resources. The analysis,conducted in the context of pediatric anesthesia and in collaboration with anesthetists, seeks to understand how professionals act in order to provide care in optimal conditions of comfort and safety, despite the uncertainties related to the complexity and the uncertainty of the human body. Three empirical studies were conducted to investigate this thesis. In addition to the observation of real work activity, interview techniques (critical incident technique and verbal protocols technique) and analyses of simulations were used. The first study allows the uncertainties and disruptions to be managed by anesthetists in their daily practice to be described. Two types of unexpected situations (possible situations and unthought situations) can be met. The way in which these situations are handled is not only related to the nature of the disturbances themselves, but mainly depends on their anticipation by operators in real conditions. The second study concerned the anticipation mechanisms of "possible situations" by the anesthetists. Results indicate that the definition of an envelope of possible situations is not only based on an assessment of patient’s risks, supported by rules and general knowledge in the field, but also on the evaluation and management of the team’s resources: the goal of anesthetists is to design situations adjusted to the resources of the various operators involved (themselves included) and/or that will be involved. Therefore, the anticipation takes into account the resources of the collective. Furthermore, this management aims not only at mastering the situation in the short term, but also at developing resources in the longer term. The third study concerns the management of an “unthought situation” which trespasses the envelope of a priori possible situations. Three ways to handle these unthought situations were identified: “cautious” management, “determined” management and “overwhelmed” management. The comparative analysis of the teams’ activities shows that the management of cognitive resources varies according to the way in which situations are handled. When facing unthought situations, teams not only attempt to manage the immediate risks to the patient but also to maintain a “sustainable control” of the situation, by avoiding misunderstandings within the group and by adapting care to teammates’ cognitive resources. Thus, the management of their own resources (skills, knowledge, know-how, rules of the trade, etc...) by operators is a key element for resilience. These results allow, on one hand, to identify organizational conditions favorable to the implementation of these processes of resource management developed by the operators and, on the other hand, to propose innovative methods for risk management in healthcare such as simulator training. While risk management is generally discussed in terms of “goals trade-off” between performance objectives and safety objectives, these results challenge this traditional opposition and question the models of performance underlying prevention methodologies
Thébaud, Olivier. "Les choix collectifs de conservation des ressources marines vivantes : analyse economique appliquee aux cas des pecheries coralliennes et de l'exploitation internationale des grands cetaces." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0080.
Full textThe thesis explores collective choice issues related to the conservation of marine living resources. Adaptations of the usual economic approach to recent developments in the definition of conservation problems are investigated. The thesis is based on a comparative analysis of an international case - whaling, and a local case - reef fisheries, used throughout the discussion to illustrate the evolutions considered. It is organised in three parts. The first part presents the usual economic approach to problems of collective choice regarding the conservation of living resources. The analysis shows the central role played by the notion of authority in this approach, leading to the question of the nature and origin of the control exercised by economic agents over marine ecosystems. Following a review of the standard approach to the control of marine fisheries, the second part studies the consequences for this approach of the recent evolution of conservation issues towards a greater emphasis on the natural and social environment in which fisheries operate, at national and international levels. The analysis shows that although conventional bioeconomic tools can partly deal with these changes, they are of limited use in understanding the process by which new systems controlling access to marine ecosystems emerge. The third part investigates this procedural dimension of collective choice problems. Using tools developed for the study of sequential choice in other fields, the analysis shows the benefits of a dynamic approach to decision-making, in which conservation decisions are understood as sequences of choices determining the evolution of resource systems. Based on a comparative analysis of the emergence of control systems in the local and international situations studied, an analysis of the collective dimension of conservation decisions is also carried out
Maury, Caroline. "L' identitaire comme ressource politique transfrontialière entre architecture multiniveaux éclatée et fenêtre d'opportunité : "Perpinyá la catalana"." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32075.
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