Journal articles on the topic 'Responsive colors'

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1

Kredel, Julia, and Markus Gallei. "Compression-Responsive Photonic Crystals Based on Fluorine-Containing Polymers." Polymers 11, no. 12 (December 16, 2019): 2114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11122114.

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Fluoropolymers represent a unique class of functional polymers due to their various interesting and important properties such as thermal stability, resistance toward chemicals, repellent behaviors, and their low refractive indices in comparison to other polymeric materials. Based on the latter optical property, fluoropolymers are particularly of interest for the preparation of photonic crystals for optical sensing application. Within the present study, photonic crystals were prepared based on core-interlayer-shell particles focusing on fluoropolymers. For particle assembly, the melt-shear organization technique was applied. The high order and refractive index contrast of the individual components of the colloidal crystal structure lead to remarkable reflection colors according to Bragg’s law of diffraction. Due to the special architecture of the particles, consisting of a soft core, a comparably hard interlayer, and again a soft shell, the resulting opal films were capable of changing their shape and domain sizes upon applied pressure, which was accompanied with a (reversible) change of the observed reflection colors as well. By the incorporation of adjustable amounts of UV cross-linking agents into the opal film and subsequent treatment with different UV irradiation times, stable and pressure-sensitive opal films were obtained. It is shown that the present strategy led to (i) pressure-sensitive opal films featuring reversibly switchable reflection colors and (ii) that opal films can be prepared, for which the written pattern—resulting from the compressed particles—could be fixed upon subsequent irradiation with UV light. The herein described novel fluoropolymer-containing photonic crystals, with their pressure-tunable reflection color, are promising candidates in the field of sensing devices and as potential candidates for anti-counterfeiting materials.
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2

Jeon, Seongsin. "Presence Responsive to Colors in Abstract Moving Images." TECHART: Journal of Arts and Imaging Science 1, no. 4 (November 30, 2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15323/techart.2014.11.1.4.7.

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3

Kim, Yejin, Seo Hyun Kim, Henok Getachew Girma, Seungju Jeon, Bogyu Lim, and Seo-Hyun Jung. "Dual Responsive Dependent Background Color Based on Thermochromic 1D Photonic Crystal Multilayer Films." Polymers 14, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 5330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235330.

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In this paper, we present dual responsive one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC) multilayer films that utilize a high-humidity environment and temperature. Dual responsive 1D PC multilayer films are fabricated on precoated thermochromic film by sequential alternate layer deposition of photo-crosslinkable poly(2-vinylnaphthalene-co-benzophenone acrylate) (P(2VN-co-BPA)) as a high refractive index polymer, and poly(4-vinylpyrollidone-co-benzophenone acrylate) P(4VP-co-BPA) as a low refractive index polymer. The thermochromic film shows a vivid color transition from black to white at 28 °C. Three different colors of thermochromic 1D PC multilayer films are prepared by thickness modulation of P(4VP-co-BPA) layers, and the films on a black background exhibit visible spectrum color only in a high-humidity environment (over 90% relative humidity (RH)). For the three films placed on a hands display, three different composite colors are synthesized by the reflection of light, including yellow, magenta, and cyan, due to the changing of backgrounds from black to white with temperature. Additionally, the films show remarkable color transitions with reliable reversibility. The films can be applied as anti-counterfeiting labels and can be used for smart decoration films. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of dual response colorimetric films that change color in various ways depending on temperature and humidity changes, and we believe that it can be applied to various applications.
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Kobayashi, Ryosuke, Takashi Yumura, Hiroaki Imoto, and Kensuke Naka. "Homo- and hetero-metallophilicity-driven synthesis of highly emissive and stimuli-responsive Au(i)–Cu(i) double salts." Chemical Communications 57, no. 44 (2021): 5382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc01316e.

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Discrete complex salts having Au···Au and Au···Cu interactions were obtained as three crystalline polymorphs exhibiting various emission colors with high efficiency. Solvent vapor caused crystal-to-crystal transition, changing the emission color.
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5

Mohd-Noor, Syazwani, Hansol Jang, Kyungnae Baek, Yi-Rong Pei, Al-Mahmnur Alam, Yong Hwan Kim, In Soo Kim, Jin-Ho Choy, and Jerome K. Hyun. "Ultrafast humidity-responsive structural colors from disordered nanoporous titania microspheres." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 17 (2019): 10561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01394f.

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Ultrafast and reversible colorimetric responses to humidity changes are observed with disordered, nanoporous titania microspheres, optimized in speed and intensity with a monolayer coverage. The response times, defined by intracrystalline diffusion of water molecules, represent the fastest values for colorimetric humidity sensors.
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6

Qi, Yong, Shufen Zhang, and An-Hui Lu. "Responsive Structural Colors Derived from Geometrical Deformation of Synthetic Nanomaterials." Small Structures 3, no. 11 (November 2022): 2270034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202270034.

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7

Isoda, Kyosuke. "Acid-Responsive N -Heteroacene-Based Material Showing Multi-Emission Colors." ChemistryOpen 6, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/open.201700007.

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8

Wang, Huan, Lijun Cai, Dagan Zhang, Luoran Shang, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Responsive Janus Structural Color Hydrogel Micromotors for Label-Free Multiplex Assays." Research 2021 (November 20, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2021/9829068.

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Micromotors with self-propelling ability demonstrate great values in highly sensitive analysis. Developing novel micromotors to achieve label-free multiplex assay is particularly intriguing in terms of detection efficiency. Herein, structural color micromotors (SCMs) were developed and employed for this purpose. The SCMs were derived from phase separation of droplet templates and exhibited a Janus structure with two distinct sections, including one with structural colors and the other providing catalytic self-propelling functions. Besides, the SCMs were functionalized with ion-responsive aptamers, through which the interaction between the ions and aptamers resulted in the shift of the intrinsic color of the SCMs. It was demonstrated that the SCMs could realize multiplex label-free detection of ions based on their optical coding capacity and responsive behaviors. Moreover, the detection sensitivity was greatly improved benefiting from the autonomous motion of the SCMs which enhanced the ion-aptamer interactions. We anticipate that the SCMs can significantly promote the development of multiplex assay and biomedical fields.
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9

Teshima, Midori, Takahiro Seki, and Yukikazu Takeoka. "Simple preparation of magnetic field-responsive structural colored Janus particles." Chemical Communications 54, no. 21 (2018): 2607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc09464g.

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We established a simple method for preparing Janus particles displaying different structural colors using submicron-sized fine silica particles and magnetic nanoparticles composed of Fe3O4.
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10

Jia, Lizhen, Miaomiao Li, Lixin Jiang, Haoqiang Gao, Haiying Tan, Bolun Peng, Jiangping Xu, Lianbin Zhang, and Jintao Zhu. "Revealable photonic prints with oppositely responsive polymers for improved visual sensing." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 27 (2020): 9286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02033h.

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Revealable photonic prints are achieved by patterning photonic hydrogels with two oppositely pH responsive polymers. The shifting of colors in the patterned and background regions in the opposite directions improves the visibility for pH-sensing.
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11

Yuan, Xiaofei, Zhifu Liu, Shenglong Shang, Hongzhi Wang, Qinghong Zhang, Yaogang Li, and Wusong Jin. "Visibly vapor-responsive structurally colored carbon fibers prepared by an electrophoretic deposition method." RSC Advances 6, no. 20 (2016): 16319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra09917j.

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12

Liu, Xiao-Yun, Yang Yang, Zhen Lei, Zong-Jie Guan, and Quan-Ming Wang. "Luminescence responsive intracluster rearrangements of gold(i)–silver(i) clusters triggered by acetonitrile." Chemical Communications 52, no. 51 (2016): 8022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc02873j.

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13

Chi, Junjie, Changmin Shao, Yalan Zhang, Dong Ni, Tiantian Kong, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Magnetically responsive colloidal crystals with angle-independent gradient structural colors in microfluidic droplet arrays." Nanoscale 11, no. 27 (2019): 12898–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04011k.

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Magnetically responsive colloidal crystals with angle-independent gradient structural colors could be achieved in the microfluidic droplet arrays, which have a significant value in optical applications.
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14

Fu, Fanfan, Zhuoyue Chen, Huan Wang, Cihui Liu, Yuxiao Liu, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Graphene hybrid colloidal crystal arrays with photo-controllable structural colors." Nanoscale 11, no. 22 (2019): 10846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03250a.

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15

Park, Habeen, Young Gook Koh, and Wonmok Lee. "Smartphone-based colorimetric analysis of structural colors from pH-responsive photonic gel." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 345 (October 2021): 130359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.130359.

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16

Shan, Xiao-Chen, Hua-Bin Zhang, Lian Chen, Ming-Yan Wu, Fei-Long Jiang, and Mao-Chun Hong. "Multistimuli-Responsive Luminescent Material Reversible Switching Colors via Temperature and Mechanical Force." Crystal Growth & Design 13, no. 4 (March 5, 2013): 1377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cg400027u.

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17

Liu, Yun, Qingsong Fan, Guanghao Zhu, Gongpu Shi, Huiru Ma, Wei Li, Tianlong Wu, Jitao Chen, Yadong Yin, and Jianguo Guan. "A dual responsive photonic liquid for independent modulation of color brightness and hue." Materials Horizons 8, no. 7 (2021): 2032–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mh00556a.

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The brightness and hue of structural colors can be independently, continuously, and reversibly tuned in an aqueous suspension containing Fe3O4@poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) flexible photonic nanochains by changing the magnetic field and temperature.
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18

Zhu, Ji-Yu, Chun-Xiang Li, Peng-Zhong Chen, Zhiwei Ma, Bo Zou, Li-Ya Niu, Ganglong Cui, and Qing-Zheng Yang. "A polymorphic fluorescent material with strong solid state emission and multi-stimuli-responsive properties." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 1 (2020): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00518h.

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We report a highly fluorescent difluoroboron β-diketonate derivative 1 which shows four emission colors (green, yellow, orange and red) with high quantum yields (41–74%) in four polymorphs and one amorphous state.
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19

Xing, Huihui, Jun Li, Jinbao Guo, and Jie Wei. "Bio-inspired thermal-responsive inverse opal films with dual structural colors based on liquid crystal elastomer." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 17 (2015): 4424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc00548e.

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20

Sato, H., N. Katsuyama, H. Tamura, Y. Hata, and T. Tsumoto. "Broad-tuned chromatic inputs to color-selective neurons in the monkey visual cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 72, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.163.

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1. Input mechanisms of 21 color-selective cells in cytochrome oxidase-rich blobs in layer II/III of the anesthetized and paralyzed monkey primary visual cortex were studied by an iontophoretic administration of the GABAergic receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI). 2. Color-selective blob cells become responsive to originally nonresponsive colors of stimuli or brightness contrast stimuli during removal of intracortical inhibition. 3. The magnitudes of the cells' responses to color stimuli during BMI administration were larger than the expected value of response calculated from the previously reported color tuning of color-selective geniculate cells and emission spectra of color stimulus. 4. These results suggest that color-selective blob cells receive a convergence of different types of chromatic inputs and that intracortical inhibition confers selectivity for a given color on them.
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21

Deng, Xinyuan, Hongwei Guo, Xiao Meng, Kai Wang, Bo Zou, and Yuguo Ma. "Visible responses under high pressure in crystals: phenolphthalein and its analogues with adjustable ring-opening threshold pressures." Chemical Communications 55, no. 32 (2019): 4663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc01145e.

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Visible mechanochromism was triggered via the ring-opening reaction of phenolphthalein under high pressure. Different ring-opening threshold pressures and responsive colors were achieved by changing the substituent groups with different electronic effects.
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22

Fang, Yiquan, Weiwei Fei, Xiuqing Shen, Jia Guo, and Changchun Wang. "Magneto-sensitive photonic crystal ink for quick printing of smart devices with structural colors." Materials Horizons 8, no. 7 (2021): 2079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mh00577d.

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A facile strategy to combine magneto-responsive photonic crystal ink with 3D printing technology has been developed for printing of butterfly pattern with vivid colors as a function of the external magnetic field strength.
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23

Ma, Huiru, Mingxing Zhu, Wei Luo, Wei Li, Kai Fang, Fangzhi Mou, and Jianguo Guan. "Free-standing, flexible thermochromic films based on one-dimensional magnetic photonic crystals." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 12 (2015): 2848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc02870h.

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Instant radical polymerization of sterically stabilized magnetically responsive photonic crystal nonaqueous suspensions under magnetic field can obtain flexible thermochromic free-standing films, which display bright iridescent colors strongly sensitive to temperature with good reversibility and durability.
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24

Winter, Tamara, Martin Bitsch, Frank Müller, Sahag Voskian, T. Alan Hatton, Karin Jacobs, Volker Presser, and Markus Gallei. "Redox-Responsive 2-Aminoanthraquinone Core–Shell Particles for Structural Colors and Carbon Capture." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 3, no. 9 (August 12, 2021): 4651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.1c00746.

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25

Shang, Shenglong, Kaiqi Zhang, Huifang Hu, Xiaoran Sun, Jie Liu, Yanpeng Ni, and Ping Zhu. "Magnetic field responsive microspheres with tunable structural colors by controlled assembly of nanoparticles." RSC Advances 12, no. 9 (2022): 5656–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra09028c.

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26

El-Sewify, Islam M., Ahmed Radwan, and Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy. "Multi-responsive paper chemosensors based on mesoporous silica nanospheres for quantitative sensing of heavy metals in water." RSC Advances 13, no. 10 (2023): 6433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra00369h.

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Paper based chemosensors (PBCs) are prepared by coating mesoporous silica nanospheres on filter papers then immobilizing the probe. PBCs generate different colors in the presence of Co2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, or Fe3+ and results are quantified by DICA.
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27

Babaei-Ghazvini, Amin, and Bishnu Acharya. "Humidity-Responsive Photonic Films and Coatings Based on Tuned Cellulose Nanocrystals/Glycerol/Polyethylene Glycol." Polymers 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213695.

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It has been extensively reported that cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can represent structural colors due to their unique chiral-nematic self-assembly. However, the application of this remarkable structure does need further investigation. It has been challenging to keep the selective reflection band (SRB) resulting from the CNC structure in the visible spectrum. Herein, composition of CNC colloidal suspensions with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glycerol (Gly) have been studied to develop humidity-responsive sensors in the form of coatings and films. The fabricated samples were characterized for their mechanical properties, optical properties, water uptake capacity, water contact angle, and surface roughness. Additionally, the chemical structure of the samples was studied with FTIR spectroscopy. The produced humidity indicators on microbial glass slides were maintained and tested in a different relative humidity range from 20% to 98% with a different color response from blue to red, respectively. The color change of the humidity sensors was reversible for several cycles. It should be noted that the color change can be detected easily by the naked eye. The water uptake test showed that pure CNC and CNC/Gly had the lowest (34%) and highest (83%) water absorption levels. The mechanical tests for CNC/PEG composites showed the highest tensile strength (40.22 MPa). Moreover, microstructural characterizations confirmed the CNC pitch formation in all the samples. Addition of the fillers increased the CNC pitch, resulting in a mesoporous film formation. These produced humidity sensors are promising candidates in food and drug packaging due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness.
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Kou, Donghui, Ruicheng Lin, Chang Li, Shufen Zhang, and Wei Ma. "Bioinspired bowl-array enabled angle-independent and fast responsive photonic colors for environmental sensing." Chemical Engineering Journal 430 (February 2022): 132805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132805.

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29

Wu, Huansheng, Chengyi Chu, Tao Chen, Mingli Yu, Jianjun Guo, Zhixiang Li, Gaojie Xu, Yuchuan Cheng, and Aihua Sun. "Electrically responsive structural colors from colloidal crystal arrays of PS@PANI core–shell nanoparticles." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 577 (September 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.05.049.

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30

Sagara, Yoshimitsu, and Takashi Kato. "Stimuli‐Responsive Luminescent Liquid Crystals: Change of Photoluminescent Colors Triggered by a Shear‐Induced Phase Transition." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 47, no. 28 (June 27, 2008): 5175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200800164.

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31

Sagara, Yoshimitsu, and Takashi Kato. "Stimuli‐Responsive Luminescent Liquid Crystals: Change of Photoluminescent Colors Triggered by a Shear‐Induced Phase Transition." Angewandte Chemie 120, no. 28 (June 27, 2008): 5253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200800164.

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32

Downer-Bartholomew, Benjamin M. B., and F. Helen Rodd. "Female preference for color-enhanced males: a test of the sensory bias model in medaka, a drab fish." Behavioral Ecology 33, no. 1 (November 19, 2021): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab131.

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Abstract Sexual selection research has long focused on the evolution of female mate preferences. Most of the models that have been developed posit that mate preferences evolve in a mating context. In contrast, the sensory bias model proposes that mate choice preferences arise in a non-mating context, as a by-product of natural selection acting on a female’s perceptual system. Recent research has shown that many species of fishes, from across a large clade including poeciliids, goodeids, and medaka, have a bias for long wavelength (LW) colors (yellow, orange, red) in a non-mating context. Even species that do not have LW-colored ornaments, apparently because they have been lost secondarily, retain this latent bias for LW colors. Here, we predicted that female Oryzias latipes (Japanese medaka), a drab species with a latent preference for LW colors, would show a mate choice preference for males with an artificial secondary sexual trait—a colored stripe added to their flank. We confirmed that females were more responsive to red and orange objects in a non-mating context than to other colors. We also showed that females were less resistant towards males with an LW-colored stripe than to those enhanced with a non-LW stripe and that, for many females, responses towards specific LW colors were consistent across these non-mating and mating contexts. Therefore, our results provide support for the sensory bias model by providing a link between a sensory bias in a non-mating context and a mate choice preference in a drab species like medaka.
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33

Hu, Haibo, Qian-Wang Chen, Jian Tang, Xian-Yi Hu, and Xu-Hui Zhou. "Photonic anti-counterfeiting using structural colors derived from magnetic-responsive photonic crystals with double photonic bandgap heterostructures." Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, no. 22 (2012): 11048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2jm30169e.

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34

Allison, T., A. Puce, A. Nobre, D. Spencer, and G. McCarthy. "Electrophysiological evidence for anatomical segregation of regions of extrastriate visual cortex responsive to faces, letterstrings, and colors." NeuroImage 3, no. 3 (June 1996): S263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80265-5.

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35

Guidetti, G., H. Sun, B. Marelli, and F. G. Omenetto. "Photonic paper: Multiscale assembly of reflective cellulose sheets in Lunaria annua." Science Advances 6, no. 27 (July 2020): eaba8966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba8966.

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Bright, iridescent colors observed in nature are often caused by light interference within nanoscale periodic lattices, inspiring numerous strategies for coloration devoid of inorganic pigments. Here, we describe and characterize the septum of the Lunaria annua plant that generates large (multicentimeter), freestanding iridescent sheets, with distinctive silvery-white reflective appearance. This originates from the thin-film assembly of cellulose fibers in the cells of the septum that induce thin-film interference–like colors at the microscale, thus accounting for the structure’s overall silvery-white reflectance at the macroscale. These cells further assemble into two thin layers, resulting in a mechanically robust, iridescent septum, which is also significantly light due to its high air porosity (>70%) arising from the cells’ hollow-core structure. This combination of hierarchical structure comprising mechanical and optical function can inspire technological classes of devices and interfaces based on robust, light, and spectrally responsive natural substrates.
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Al-Rawashdeh, Ayman Y., Omar Albarbarawi, and Ghazi Qaryouti. "Response of Polycrystalline Solar Cell Outputs to Visible Spectrum and other Light Sources-a Case Study." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 4096. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4096-4103.

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<p>In this case study, two polycrystalline solar modules were installed outdoors (irradiated by sunlight) and indoors (irradiated by artificial lights). The solar cells in both cases were installed using different color filters that allowed the passage of certain light frequencies. The amount of energy produced by each module were measured and compared to a reference module with no filter. The results indicated the variable response of polycrystalline solar cells to natural and artificial light sources, being more responsive in both cases to red band color as could be deduced from their % current outputs (72.5% sunlight radiation; 84.38% artificial light sources). Other colors, including yellow, green, orange and violet afforded acceptable outputs. The results indicated that electrical outputs of indoor solar cells decreased when colored filters were used, but red filter in general afforded the maximum outputs, for both the artificially radiated indoor and naturally radiated outdoor solar cells. The case study suggests the possible complementary advantage of using indoor mounted solar cells for the production of electricity during artificial illumination period of the day.</p>
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Salih, Ahmed E., Mohamed Elsherif, Fahad Alam, Matteo Chiesa, and Haider Butt. "Rapid Colorimetric pH-Responsive Gold Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Sensing Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (April 27, 2022): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091486.

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Surface functionalization of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) with external groups can be engineered to fabricate sensors that are responsive to various stimuli like temperature, pH, and numerous ions. Herein, we report the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) functionalized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (GNPs-MPA) and the doping of these nanoparticles into hydrogel materials using the breathing-in/breathing-out (BI-BO) method. MPA has a carboxyl group that becomes protonated and, thus, ionized at a pH below its pKa (4.32); hence, the GNPs-MPA solutions and gels were mostly pH-responsive in the range of 3–5. Optical properties were assessed through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, namely: transmission and absorption, and the parameters used to quantify the pH changes were the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and position of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The solutions and gels gradually changed their colors from red to indigo with pH decrementation from 5 to 3, respectively. Furthermore, the solutions’ and doped gels’ highest FWHM sensitivities towards pH variations were 20 nm and 55 nm, respectively, while the SPR’s position sensitivities were 18 nm and 10 nm, respectively. Also, transmission and scanning electron microscopy showed synchronized dispersion and aggregation of NPs with pH change in both solution and gel forms. The gel exhibited excellent repeatability and reversibility properties, and its response time was instantaneous, which makes its deployment as a colorimetric pH-triggered sensor practical. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has incorporated GNPs into hydrogels utilizing the BI-BO method and demonstrated the pH-dependent optical and colorimetric properties of the developed nanocomposites.
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Bitsch, Martin, Anna Katharina Boehm, Alexander Grandjean, Gregor Jung, and Markus Gallei. "Embedding Photoacids into Polymer Opal Structures: Synergistic Effects on Optical and Stimuli-Responsive Features." Molecules 26, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 7350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237350.

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Opal films with their vivid structural colors represent a field of tremendous interest and obtained materials offer the possibility for many applications, such as optical sensors or anti-counterfeiting materials. A convenient method for the generation of opal structures relies on the tailored design of core-interlayer-shell (CIS) particles. Within the present study, elastomeric opal films were combined with stimuli-responsive photoacids to further influence the optical properties of structurally colored materials. Starting from cross-linked polystyrene (PS) core particles featuring a hydroxy-rich and polar soft shell, opal films were prepared by application of the melt-shear organization technique. The photoacid tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate (TFEHTS) could be conveniently incorporated during freeze-drying the particle dispersion and prior to the melt-shear organization. Furthermore, the polar opal matrix featuring hydroxylic moieties enabled excited-state proton transfer (ESPT), which is proved by spectroscopic evaluation. Finally, the influence of the photoacid on the optical properties of the 3-dimensional colloidal crystals were investigated within different experimental conditions. The angle dependence of the emission spectra unambiguously shows the selective suppression of the photoacid’s fluorescence in its deprotonated state.
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Liu, Naiyu, Zhikun Zheng, Dingshan Yu, Wei Hong, Hailu Liu, and Xudong Chen. "Programmable Invisible Photonic Patterns with Rapid Response Based on Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals." Polymers 13, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121926.

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The development of invisible patterns via programmable patterning can lead to promising applications in optical encryption. This study reports a facile method for building responsive photonic crystal patterns. Commercially printed patterns were used as a mask to induce invisible patterns revealed by wetting. The masked areas exhibit different swelling kinetics, leading to strong structural colors in the masked area and transparent features in the unmasked area. The contrast could disappear through different wetting behavior, providing a unique and reversible wetting feature. This programmable printing is expected to become an environmentally friendly technique for scalable invisible optical anti-counterfeiting technology.
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40

Suslick, Kenneth S. "An Optoelectronic Nose:“Seeing” Smells by Means of Colorimetric Sensor Arrays." MRS Bulletin 29, no. 10 (October 2004): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.209.

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AbstractA new approach to general sensors for odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using thin films of chemically responsive dyes as a colorimetric sensor array is described. This optoelectronic “nose,” by using an array of multiple dyes whose colors change based on the full range of intermolecular interactions, provides enormous discriminatory power among odorants in a simple device that can be easily digitally imaged. High sensitivities (ppb) have been demonstrated for the detection of biologically important analytes such as amines, carboxylic acids, and thiols. By the proper choice of dyes and substrate, the array can be made essentially nonresponsive to changes in humidity.
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41

Zheng, Wenxiang, Xiaolu Cai, Dan Yan, Ghulam Murtaza, Zihui Meng, and Lili Qiu. "Dual-Responsive Photonic Crystal Sensors Based on Physical Crossing-Linking SF-PNIPAM Dual-Crosslinked Hydrogel." Gels 8, no. 6 (May 30, 2022): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8060339.

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Flexible wearable materials have frequently been used in drug delivery, healthcare monitoring, and wearable sensors for decades. As a novel type of artificially designed functional material, photonic crystals (PCs) are sensitive to the changes in the external environment and stimuli signals. However, the rigidity of the PCs limits their application in the field of biometric and optical sensors. This study selects silk fibroin (SF) and poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) as principal components to prepare the hydrogel with the physical crosslinking agent lithium silicate (LMSH) and is then integrated with PCs to obtain the SF-PNIPAM dual-crosslinked nanocomposite for temperature and strain sensing. The structural colors of the PCs change from blue to orange-red by the variation in temperature or strain. The visual temperature-sensing and adhesion properties enable the SF-PNIPAM dual-crosslinked nanocomposite to be directly attached to the skin in order to monitor the real-time dynamic of human temperature. Based on its excellent optical properties and biocompatibility, the SF-PNIPAM dual-crosslinked nanocomposite can be applied to the field of visual biosensing, wearable display devices, and wound dressing materials.
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42

Yong, Guo-Ping, Yu-Mei Zhao, and Ya Feng. "Stimuli-responsive switching of magnetic properties and solid-state colors for 2,3′-biimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2′-one radical derivatives." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2, no. 12 (2014): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tc32130d.

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43

Ke, Yu-Jie, Qing-Dong Zheng, Ya-He Yao, Yue Ou, Jia-Yi Chen, Meng-Jie Wang, Hui-Ping Lai, Lu Yan, Zhong-Jian Liu, and Ye Ai. "Genome-Wide Identification of the MYB Gene Family in Cymbidiumensifolium and Its Expression Analysis in Different Flower Colors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (December 9, 2021): 13245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413245.

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MYB transcription factors of plants play important roles in flavonoid synthesis, aroma regulation, floral organ morphogenesis, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Cymbidium ensifolium is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to Orchidaceae, with special flower colors and high ornamental value. In this study, a total of 136 CeMYB transcription factors were identified from the genome of C. ensifolium, including 27 1R-MYBs, 102 R2R3-MYBs, 2 3R-MYBs, 2 4R-MYBs, and 3 atypical MYBs. Through phylogenetic analysis in combination with MYB in Arabidopsis thaliana, 20 clusters were obtained, indicating that these CeMYBs may have a variety of biological functions. The 136 CeMYBs were distributed on 18 chromosomes, and the conserved domain analysis showed that they harbored typical amino acid sequence repeats. The motif prediction revealed that multiple conserved elements were mostly located in the N-terminal of CeMYBs, suggesting their functions to be relatively conserved. CeMYBs harbored introns ranging from 0 to 13 and contained a large number of stress- and hormone-responsive cis-acting elements in the promoter regions. The subcellular localization prediction demonstrated that most of CeMYBs were positioned in the nucleus. The analysis of the CeMYBs expression based on transcriptome data showed that CeMYB52, and CeMYB104 of the S6 subfamily may be the key genes leading to flower color variation. The results lay a foundation for the study of MYB transcription factors of C. ensifolium and provide valuable information for further investigations of the potential function of MYB genes in the process of anthocyanin biosynthesis.
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44

Kojima, Chie, and Kento Nagai. "Synthesis of a Dual-Color Fluorescent Dendrimer for Diagnosis of Cancer Metastasis in Lymph Nodes." Polymers 14, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 4314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14204314.

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Detection of cancer metastasis spread in lymph nodes is important in cancer diagnosis. In this study, a fluorescence imaging probe was designed for the detection of both lymph node and tumor cells using always-ON and activatable fluorescence probes with different colors. Rhodamine B (Rho), a matrix metalloproteinase−2 (MMP−2)-responsive green fluorescence probe, and a tumor-homing peptide were conjugated to a carboxy-terminal dendrimer that readily accumulates in lymph nodes. The activatable green fluorescence signal increased in the presence of MMP−2, which is secreted by tumor cells. Both the always-ON Rho signal and the activatable green fluorescence signal were observed from tumor cells, but only the weak always-ON Rho signal was from immune cells. Thus, this type of dendrimer may be useful for non-invasive imaging to diagnose cancer metastasis in lymph nodes.
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45

Armitage, Allan M. "The Influence of Light and Temperature on Flowering and Growth of Angelonia angustifolia Benth." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 508a—508. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.508a.

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Angelonia Humb.& Bonpl. (Angelonia), Scrophulariaceae, consists of about 30 species and has potential in amenity horticulture and as a pot plant. Selections of A. angustifolia Benth. and hybrids occur in several flower colors and have been evaluated for amenity purposes. Selected taxa were grown in different photoperiods (8-h, 16-h and combinations), light intensity, and temperature regimes (10–30 °C) to determine optimum environments for flowering and growth. Preliminary studies indicate that plants are only slightly responsive to photoperiod. Plants reached visible bud stage 4 to 10 days earlier in long-day treatments, but the time from visible bud to flower was unaffected. Raceme length was longer in LD plants. Plants flowered more rapidly and produced more flowers in high light and warm temperatures. Performance of plants in a landscape situation will also be discussed.
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46

Hu, Jianying, and Xiong (Bill) Yu. "Measurement of Wavelength and Temperature-Dependent Optical Properties of Thermochromic Pigments." Applied Spectroscopy 72, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702817740586.

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Thermochromic material is a substance that is capable of changing reversibly the color as the temperature rises. Therefore, the optical spectrum of thermochromic material is responsive to the environmental temperature. In this study, the temperature-dependent optical constants of thermochromic pigments over the wavelength of 350–1800 nm were investigated. Three kinds of thermochromic pigments featured with black, blue, and red colors at room temperature were suspended in water and the light reflection and transmission of the suspensions at different temperatures were measured by a multifunctional spectrophotometer. It was found that below the transition temperature of thermochromic material, the refractive index was 2.1–2.5, 2.2–2.6, and 2.0–2.4 over the wavelength range of 350–1800 nm for black, blue, and red thermochromic pigment, respectively, while above the transition temperature it reached 2.3–2.7, 2.4–2.9, and 2.4–2.7, respectively. It was also observed that the relationship between refractive index of thermochromic pigment and wavelength follows the cubic polynomial function. Furthermore, the extinction coefficient is in the range of 1 × 10−5–1.2 × 10−4 for all thermochromic pigments and remains approximately stable at different temperatures. The determination of optical constants of thermochromic pigments provides essential parameters in the modeling of light scattering and absorption by pigment particles to further fine-tune the optical properties of thermochromic coating.
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47

Ohtsuka, Yumiko, Miki Sakai, Takahiro Seki, Ryosuke Ohnuki, Shinya Yoshioka, and Yukikazu Takeoka. "Stimuli-Responsive Structural Colored Gel That Exhibits the Three Primary Colors of Light by Using Multiple Photonic Band Gaps Acquired from Photonic Balls." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 48 (November 18, 2020): 54127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c17687.

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48

Hu, Haofeng, Bin Shi, Wencan Zhu, Bin Zheng, Kaibing Zhou, Minjie Qian, and Hongxia Wu. "Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) chalcone synthase (CHS) Genes in Response to Light." Horticulturae 8, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100968.

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Light is one the most important environmental factors regulating the accumulation of specific metabolites in plants, such as flavonoid. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, while little is known about the CHS genes in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Therefore, the aim of the study was to obtain the genome-wide identification of the CHS genes in mango and screen the light-responsive family members. In this study, a total of 21 CHS genes were identified from the mango genome, and most of the members contained the Cys-His-Asn triad and the CHS/STS signature motif. Most of the MiCHS genes were located on chromosomes 2 and 4, and seven pairs of tandem duplication genes and five pairs of segmental duplication genes were detected among the MiCHS members. The expression of MiCHSs showed a tissue-specific pattern and was not correlated with the flavonoid or anthocyanin accumulation in cultivars with different peel colors. MiCHS4, MiCHS16 and MiCHS17 were found to respond to preharvest and postharvest UV-B plus visible light treatments, which exhibited no significant relationship with the light-responsive cis-acting element distribution in the promoter region. Our results are helpful and can be used to further study the function of MiCHS genes in light-induced flavonoid biosynthesis in mango.
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49

Steven, A. C., M. E. Bisher, M. Harrington, and C. R. Merril. "All that glisters is not gold: The physical basis of protein coloration in silver-stained gels." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (August 1987): 940–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100128985.

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The introduction of silver-staining to detect electrophoretically separated proteins in polyacrylamide gels has provided a method that, with the most responsive proteins, is more sensitive by a factor of ∼100 than Coomassie Blue, the most commonly used organic stain. With silver staining, most proteins take on a brownish hue. However, under appropriate conditions, certain proteins have been found to exhibit distinct and vivid colors. Yellow, blue, red and green bands have all been observed. Colorability is a property with considerable analytical potential, in that it may become possible to infer chemical properties of proteins on the basis of their propensities for coloration upon silver-staining. Such information would considerably enhance the analytical capabilities of gel electrophoresis, which for the most part have been restricted to estimates of molecular weights and isoelectric points. To help realize this potential, we have investigated the physical basis of the colorability of proteins.
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50

Rogóż, Mikołaj, Zofia Dziekan, Klaudia Dradrach, Michał Zmyślony, Paweł Nałęcz-Jawecki, Przemysław Grabowski, Bartosz Fabjanowicz, Magdalena Podgórska, Anna Kudzia, and Piotr Wasylczyk. "From Light-Powered Motors, to Micro-Grippers, to Crawling Caterpillars, Snails and Beyond—Light-Responsive Oriented Polymers in Action." Materials 15, no. 22 (November 18, 2022): 8214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228214.

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“How would you build a robot, the size of a bacteria, powered by light, that would swim towards the light source, escape from it, or could be controlled by means of different light colors, intensities or polarizations?” This was the question that Professor Diederik Wiersma asked PW on a sunny spring day in 2012, when they first met at LENS—the European Laboratory of Nonlinear Spectroscopy—in Sesto Fiorentino, just outside Florence in northern Italy. It was not just a vague question, as Prof. Wiersma, then the LENS director and leader of one of its research groups, already had an idea (and an ERC grant) about how to actually make such micro-robots, using a class of light-responsive oriented polymers, liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), combined with the most advanced fabrication technique—two-photon 3D laser photolithography. Indeed, over the next few years, the LCE technology, successfully married with the so-called direct laser writing at LENS, resulted in a 60 micrometer long walker developed in Prof. Wiersma’s group (as, surprisingly, walking at that stage proved to be easier than swimming). After completing his post-doc at LENS, PW returned to his home Faculty of Physics at the University of Warsaw, and started experimenting with LCE, both in micrometer and millimeter scales, in his newly established Photonic Nanostructure Facility. This paper is a review of how the ideas of using light-powered soft actuators in micromechanics and micro-robotics have been evolving in Warsaw over the last decade and what the outcomes have been so far.
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