Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Response Time'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Response Time.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Response Time.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Liu, Binzhang M. S. "Characterizing Web Response Time." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36741.
Full textAbstract:
It is critical to understand WWW latency in order to design better HTTP protocols. In this study we characterize Web response time and examine the effects of proxy caching, network bandwidth, traffic load, persistent connections for a page, and periodicity.
Based on studies with four workloads, we show that at least a quarter of the total elapsed time is spent on establishing TCP connections with HTTP/1.0. The distributions of connection time and elapsed time can be modeled using Pearson, Weibul, or Log-logistic distributions. We also characterize the effect of a user's network bandwidth on response time.
Average connection time from a client via a 33.6 K modem is two times longer than that from a client via switched Ethernet. We estimate the elapsed time savings from using persistent connections for a page to vary from about a quarter to a half. Response times display strong daily and weekly patterns. This study finds that a proxy caching server is sensitive to traffic loads. Contrary to the typical thought about Web proxy caching, this study also finds that a single stand-alone squid proxy cache does not always reduce response time for our workloads. Implications of these results to future versions of the HTTP protocol and to Web application design also are discussed.Master of Science
2
Vaughn, Chad Dean. "Light in response to time /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1212179576.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Committee/Advisors: Michael McInturf (Committee Chair), Elizabeth Riorden (Committee Co-Chair). Title from electronic theses title page (viewed Sep. 2, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: Light. Includes bibliographical references.
3
Andersson, Karl Robert. "Dose-response-time data analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/100470/.
Full textAbstract:
The traditional approach to pharmacodynamic modelling relies on knowledge about the pharmacokinetics. A prerequisite for obtaining kinetic information is reliable exposure data. However, in several therapeutic areas, exposure data are unavailable including when the drug response precedes the systemic exposure (for example pulmonary drug administration) and when the drug is locally administered (for example ophthalmics). Dose-response-time (DRT) data analysis provides an alternative to exposure-driven pharmacodynamic modelling when exposure data are sparse or lacking. In DRT modelling, the response data are assumed to contain enough information about the drug kinetics, whereby a biophase model can be developed and act as the driver of the pharmacological response. The following work presents the fundamental principles of DRT modelling. This include the entire procedure of identifying a DRT model, encompassing the assessment of the biophase function and the pharmacodynamic model, extensions to cover population variations, identifiability analysis, parameter estimation, and model validation. To demonstrate the utility of the technique, two extensive pre-clinical DRT studies of the interaction between nicotinic acid (NiAc) and free fatty acids (FFA) are presented. The first study covered the response behaviour following intravenous and oral NiAc dosing in both normal (lean) and diseased (obese) rats. The second study extended the models of the first study to incorporate insulin as a driver of the FFA response. Moreover, data from chronic trials were analysed with the aim to quantitatively understand the adaptive behaviours associated with long-term NiAc treatments. The aim of this work is to answer the questions of when and how to use DRT data analysis, and what the limitations of the method are. The DRT models of the first study were successfully fitted to all response-time courses in lean rats, with high precision in the parameter estimates (relative standard errors (RSE) < 25%), visual predictive check (VPC) and individual plots that captured the population and subject trends, and "-shrinkages of less than 10%. The model for the obese rats were less precise, with specific parameters being practically non-identifiable (with, for example, RSE 250%). The results for both lean and obese rats were generally consistent with those of an exposure-driven reference model, albeit with less precision and accuracy in the parameter estimates. Finally, the model was able to describe non-linear biophase kinetics, present at high oral dosages of NiAc. The DRT models of the second study were able to capture the response-time courses for insulin and FFA on a population and individual level, and for both lean and obese rats. However, many parameters were uncertain (with RSE of, for example, 30-50%) and some were practically non-identifiable (with RSE of > 100%). The estimates were generally less precise and more inaccurate than those obtained in an exposure-driven reference model. Yet, most parameter estimates of the DRT models were within one standard deviation from those of the exposure-driven model. The final model was used to predict steady-state FFA exposures following repeated NiAc dosing for a range of different infusion protocols. The optimal dosing regimens consisted of infusions and wash-out periods were the wash-outs were 2h longer than the infusions. These predictions were consistent with those made by the exposure-driven model. Albeit, the DRT model predicted a slightly lower optimal reduction of FFA exposure. It is important to recognise that DRT analyses introduce bias and variability in the parameter estimates. To obtain reliable results, it is advisable to have rich pharmacodynamic data, covering drug administration at different routes, rates, and schedules. With these issues taken into account, the technique still performed well in the two extensive studies presented in this work. In conclusion, DRT data analysis is a modelling technique used in situations when exposure data are unavailable. The method is versatile and can describe a range of different pharmacological behaviours. Precision and accuracy is lost when comparing to an exposure driven pharmacodynamic modelling approach. Thus, DRT modelling is not to be considered as a replacement of the gold-standard pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic framework, but rather as a compliment when exposure data are unavailable.
4
VAUGHN, CHAD DEAN. "Light: in response to time." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212179576.
Full text
5
Stechly, Seivertson Tracie L. "Response time to batted balls." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1195.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 52 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-39).
6
Guynes, Jan L. (Jan Lucille). "Impacts of Personality Type and Computer System Response Time on Anxiety and User Response Time." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330969/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to determine if personality type and system response time have any effect on state anxiety and user response time. The sample for this study consisted of senior and graduate level college students who possessed basic know 1 edge of a text editor. Each test subject was administered the Jenkins Activity Survey to determine scores for Type A versus Type B, speed and impatience, involvement, and competitiveness. The test subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (good, variable, and poor system response time). They were required to edit a text file which contained multiple errors. The test subjects were provided hard copies of the file with errors (errors highlighted) and the file as should appear without the errors. The test situation for each test subject was identical, except for changes in system response time. The A-state scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was administered to the test subjects immediately prior to the edit task in order to determine pre-task state anxiety levels. The A-state scale of the STAI was again administered immediately after the edit task in order to determine post-task state anxiety levels. Analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, regression, and two sample t-tests were used to analyze the data collected. All hypotheses were tested at the alpha .05 level. The most significant finding of this study was the positive relationship between state anxiety and system response time. It was originally predicted that the Type A personality would experience a greater increase in state anxiety than the Type B personality. However, that was not found to be true. Both Type A and Type B individuals experience an increase in state anxiety during periods of poor or variable system response time. This study also confirms prior research regarding user and system response time. There is a significant positive relationship between user response time and system response time. Personality type, specifically the Type A personality, contributes toward this relationship.
7
Feld, Timo [Verfasser]. "Response time analyses of adaptive variable-rate-tasks / Timo Feld." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1203716273/34.
Full text
8
Stupak, Noah. "Time-delays and system response times in human-computer interaction /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10867.
Full text
9
Rosengren, Robin. "CAN ANALYZATOR : Worst case response time." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap (DV), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38692.
Full text
10
McRorie, Margaret. "Response time and general mental ability." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483465.
Full text
11
Wang, Haiying. "STUDIES OF LIQUID CRYSTAL RESPONSE TIME." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3541.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation, the response time issue of the liquid crystal (LC) devices is investigated in meeting the challenges for display and photonic applications. The correlation between the LC director response time and the optical response time is derived theoretically and confirmed experimentally. A major contribution of this thesis is that, based on the small angle approximation, we derive rigorous analytical solutions for correlating the LC director response time to its consequent optical response times (both rise and decay) of a vertical-aligned nematic LC cell. This work successfully fills the gap in the literature of LCD switching dynamics. An important effect related to response time, backflow is analyzed using a homogeneous LC cell in an infrared wavelength. The Leslie viscosity coefficients can hardly be found in the literature. A new effective approach to estimate the Leslie coefficients of LC mixtures based on MBBA data is proposed in this dissertation. Using this method, the Leslie coefficients of the LC material under study can be extracted based on its order parameters. The simulation results agree with the experimental data very well. This method provides a useful tool for analyzing the dynamic response including backflow. Cell gap is an important factor affecting the LC response time. Usually a thinner cell gap is chosen to achieve faster response time, since normally both rise and decay times are known to be proportional to d2. However, they are valid only in the region. In the large voltage region where , the optical decay time is independent of d. In this thesis, we find that between these two extremes the response time is basically linearly proportional to d. Our analytical derivation is validated by experimental results. Therefore, in the whole voltage region, the physical picture of the optical response time as a function of the cell gap is completed. This analysis is useful for understanding the grayscale switching behaviors of the LC phase modulators. In conclusion, this dissertation has solved some important issues related to LC optical response time and supplied valuable tools for scientists and engineers to numerically analyze the LC dynamics.Ph.D.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
12
Murali, Sriram. "Response-time analysis and overload management in real-time systems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40839.
Full textAbstract:
We provide two approaches to handling overload in shared resources offering realtime
guarantees. We first provide a technique (based on mathematical optimization)
for identifying the possible causes for an overload situation by computing the
worst-case demand of the system, depending upon the amount of requests serviced.
Worst-case analysis of response time has a pseudo-polynomial time complexity,
and when there is no knowledge about the workload, the complexity further increases.
We provide polynomial-time heuristics to reduce the computation time
of the algorithm. Further, we evaluate it against other techniques using stochastic
analysis to stress on the accuracy and ease of estimation of the result. The scheduling
policy based on the approach is useful to detect an overload in the resource and
to allow us to make responsible decisions on it. Secondly, we present a scheduling
policy (obtained through stochastic approximation) to handle overload in real-time
systems. Competitive analysis of online algorithms has commonly been applied to
understand the behavior of real-time systems during overload conditions. While
competitive analysis provides insight into the behavior of certain algorithms, it is
hard to make inferences about the performance of those algorithms in practice.
Similar on-line scheduling approaches tend to function differently in practice due
to factors. Further, most work on handling overload in real-time systems does
not consider using information regarding the distribution of arrival rates of jobs
and execution times to make scheduling decisions. With some information about
the workload, we aim to improve the revenue earned by the service provider, in
a scenario when each successful job completion results in revenue accrual. We
prove that the policy we outline does lead to increased revenue when compared to
a class of scheduling policies that make static resource allocations to different service classes. We also use empirical evidence to underscore the fact that this policy
performs better than a variety of other scheduling policies. The ideas presented
can be applied to several soft real-time systems, specifically systems with multiple
service classes.
13
Shi, Zhenwu. "Non-worst-case response time analysis for real-time systems design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51827.
Full textAbstract:
A real-time system is a system such that the correctness of operations depends not only on the logical results, but also on the time at which these results are available. A fundamental problem in designing real-time systems is to analyze response time of operations, which is defined as the time elapsed from the moment when the operation is requested to the moment when the operation is completed. Response time analysis is challenging due to the complex dynamics among operations. A common technique is to study response time under worst-case scenario. However, using worst-case response time may lead to the conservative real-time system designs. To improve the real-time system design, we analyze the non-worst-case response time of operations and apply these results in the design process. The main contribution of this thesis includes mathematical modeling of real-time systems, calculation of non-worst-case response time, and improved real-time system design. We perform analysis and design on three common types of real-time systems as the real-time computing system, real-time communication network, and real-time energy management. For the real-time computing systems, our non-worst-response time analysis leads a necessary and sufficient online schedulability test and a measure of robustness of real-time systems. For the real-time communication network, our non-worst-response time analysis improves the performance for the model predictive control design based on the real-time communication network. For the real-time energy management, we use the non-worst-case response time to check whether the micro-grid can operate independently from the main grid.
14
Zou, Qing. "Transparent Web caching with minimum response time." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ65661.pdf.
Full text
15
Moulton, Clay Robert. "Resonant Frequency: Artefacts in Response to Time." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34838.
Full textAbstract:
This Industrial Design graduate thesis is a response to the discussion surrounding the question, How can Design move from Green to Good? Three artefacts have been designed. These artefacts respond to a context. Context, in this body of work, is time. Time as context is about knowing the before now, applying it to the now, to positively affect the after now. The artefacts respond to three distinct lifetimes: 5 minutes 45 seconds, 8 hours 45 minutes, and 10 years. The intent is to utilize a Natural system, time, in a manner beyond typical product life-cycle-analysis. Also included are a series of essays which investigate and comment on issues and insights encountered during the Design process of this thesis.Master of Science
16
Islam, Mohammad Mafijul. "Dose-Response Analysis for Time-Dependent Efficacy." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467295354.
Full text
17
Romney, Patricia Jean. "The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on Fractioned Response Time." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1848.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Quantify the effects of cold water immersion of the ankle on fractioned response time of the dominant lower limb. Design and Setting: A 2x2x5x5 crossover design with repeated measures on time and treatment directed data collection. The independent variables were gender, treatment, time (pretreatment, and post 15 seconds, 3 minutes 6 minutes and 9 minutes) and trial (5 trials for each time group). Response time (Tresp), reaction time (Treac), trial and surface temperature were measurement variables. Subjects: Thirty-six subjects, 18 females and 18 males were recruited from a physically active volunteer college student population. Measurements: Fractioned response time was tested following a 20 minute treatment. Response time and Treac were recorded by the reaction timer, and Tmov was calculated by taking the difference between Tresp and Treac. For each time/subject the high and low Tresp were discarded and the middle three trials were averaged and used for statistical analysis. A 2x2x5 ANOVA was used to determine overall differences between gender, treatment and time followed by Newman-Keuls multiple comparison tests. Results: Males were faster than females for Tresp, Treac and Tmov. Movement time and Tresp were slower with cold water immersion, but Treac was unaffected. Movement time and Tresp were fastest pretreatment, and slowest during the post 15-second time group. Though both Tmov and Tresp progressively sped up from the post 15-second through the post 9-minute time group, they did not return to pretreatment values when data collection discontinued. Conclusions: Immersing the dominant ankle in cold water for 20 minutes increases Tmov of the dominant lower limb; thereby increasing fractioned response time (Tresp).
18
Karunanidhi, Karthikeyan. "ARROS; distributed adaptive real-time network intrusion response." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1141074467.
Full text
19
Ali, Wajahat, and Asad Muhammad. "Response Time Effects on Quality of Security Experience." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4131.
Full textAbstract:
The recent decade has witnessed an enormous development in internet technology worldwide. Initially internet was designed for applications such as Electronic Mail and File Transfer. With technology evolving and becoming popular, people use internet for e-banking, e-shopping, social networking, e-gaming, voice and a lot of other applications. Most of the internet traffic is generated by activities of end users, when they request a specific webpage or web based application. The high demand for internet applications has driven service operators to provide reliable services to the end user and user satisfaction has now become a major challenge. Quality of Service is a measure of the performance of a particular service. Quality of Experience is a subjective measure of user’s perception of the overall performance of network. The high demand for internet usage in everyday life has got people concerned about security of information over web pages that require authentication. User perceived Quality of Security Experience depends on Quality of Experience and Response Time for web page authentication. Different factors such as jitter, packet loss, delay, network speed, supply chains and the type of security algorithm play a vital role in the response time for authentication. In this work we have tried to do qualitative and quantitative analysis of user perceived security and Quality of Experience with increasing and decreasing Response Times towards a web page authentication. We have tried to derive a relationship between Quality of Experience of security and Response Time.Phone Numbers: (1) Wajahat Ali (+923349783252) (2) Asad Muhammad (+923455172792)
20
Lee, Sang Eun. "Voice : response to children's prime time TV programs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64095.pdf.
Full text
21
Russo, Charles. "AVL AND RESPONSE TIME REDUCTION: IMAGE AND REALITY." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2647.
Full textAbstract:
Automatic vehicle locator (AVL) systems, utilizing military's global positioning system, may impact response time to law enforcement calls for service. In order to evaluate the impacts of AVL on response time to calls for service at the Altamonte Springs Police Department (ASPD), computer aided dispatch (CAD) data from years 1999 to 2003 were analyzed. The analysis of each of the data sets consisted of an initial sequence chart, an analysis of variance (ANOVA), a means plot and a linear regression. Interviews of ASPD personnel were conducted to understand user perceptions of AVL. Based on the ANOVA results, trends indicate that weekly response time was significantly lower during the AVL partial implementation period than during the pre or post AVL stages across all categories of data analyzed. Based on the regression results, trends indicate that the overall impact of AVL on response time for all categories analyzed is flat and show AVL as having no overall impact on response time across all calls for service analyzed. An exception to this is the findings related to Priority 3 calls for service; however this exception can be attributed to performance during the pre AVL implementation stage. These results do not suggest a capability for AVL to reduce response time to calls for service in a meaningful comprehensive way. Thus, the study's hypotheses are not supported.Ph.D.
Department of Criminal Justice and Legal Studies
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs: Ph.D.
22
Chen, Yiyang. "Semiparametric Bayesian model for response time distribution evaluation." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1542122266368176.
Full text
23
Huffstetter, Stephen. "At this time Lakota grieving, a pastoral response /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
24
Ryrstedt, Emmy. "Performance Testing and Response Time Validation of a Financial Real-Time Java Application." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215330.
Full textAbstract:
System performance determines how fast a system can deliver its services when it is exposed to different loads. In Real-time computing the system performance is a critical aspect, since the usefulness or correctness of a response from a real-time system depends not only on the content of the response, but also on when it is delivered. If the response is delivered to fast or to slow it is considered an error and the system might go into a bad state, even if the value of the response actually is correct. Even though timing is a crucial aspect in real-time computing, it is hard to find any established methods on how to measure and evaluate the performance of a real-time system in terms of timing. This report strives to contribute to development in this research area by describing a project that investigates how to scientifically measure and report the timing performance of a financial real-time Java application. During the project a tool is implemented in a foreign exchange system, that can perform time measurements of different components in the system at application level. Experiments with variations of input values are constructed and executed to validate the system performance during different loads, by analyzing the measurements. The results from the experiments gives a ranking of how much various factors impacts the performance of the system, and shows how it is possible to find threshold values and bottlenecks by studying the value distributions and maximum values. The developed method can be used to compare the performance effects of different factors and to compare the system performance for different parameter values. The method shows to be a useful way to measure and validate the performance of a financial real-time Java application.Systemprestandan bestämmer hur snabbt ett system kan leverera sina tjänster när det utsätts för olika belastningar. Vid realtidsberäkning är systemets prestanda en kritisk aspektav funktionaliteten, eftersom nyttan av ett svar från ett realtidssystem inte bara beror på svarets innehåll utan även när det levereras. Trots att timing är en viktig aspekt i realtidssystem är det svårt att hitta några etablerade metoder för hur man mäter och utvärderar prestandan hos ett realtidssystem när det gäller timing. Denna rapport strävar efter att bidra till utvecklingen inom detta forskningsområdegenom att beskriva ett projekt som undersöker hur man på ett vetenskapligt sätt kanmäta och rapportera tidsprestandan för en finansiell realtids Java-applikation. Under projektet implementeras ett verktyg i ett valutahandelssystem som på applikationsnivå utför tidsmätningar av olika komponenter i systemet. Experiment med variationer av inmatningsvärden konstrueras och exekveras för att validera systemets prestanda under olika belastningar, genom att analysera resultaten från tidsmätningarna. Resultaten från experimenten ger en rangordning av hur olika faktorer påverkar systemetsprestanda, och visar hur man kan hitta gränsvärden och flaskhalsar i systemet, genom att studera hur värdena var distribuerade och dess maximum värden. Den utvecklade metoden kan användas för att jämföra prestandaeffekterna av olika faktorer och för att jämföra systemets prestanda med olika parametervärden. Metoden visar sig vara ett användbart sätt att mäta och validera prestandan hos en finansiell realtids Java-applikation.
25
Benne, Marcie. "The perception of two indicators that change in time." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28568.
Full text
26
Redell, Ola. "Response time analysis for implementation of distributed control systems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3504.
Full textAbstract:
Methods for performing response time analysis of real-timesystems are important, not only for their use in traditionalschedulability testing, but also for deriving bounds on outputtiming variations in control applications. Automatic controlsystems are inherently sensitive to variations in periodicityand end-to-end delays. Therefore, real-time performance needsto be considered during control design. For this purpose, anyreal-time analysis of a potential control implementation shouldproduce results that can easily be used to examine how theimplementation affects control performance. To find the maximumresponse time variation for a task, bounds on both minimum andmaximum response times are needed. A tight bound on thismaximum variation is useful in the analysis of controlperformance and can also be used to improve the results of someiterative response time analysis methods. In this thesis, threemethods for response time analysis are developed.
While earlier research has focused on bounding maximumresponse times, one of the analysis methods in this thesisallows a computation of the minimum response times ofindependent fixed priority scheduled tasks. The analysis findsthe largest lower bound of response times for such tasks, whichleads to a tighter bound on the response time variations. Asecond analysis method allows exact computation of maximumresponse times for tasks whose arrival times are related byoffsets. The method is a complement to schedule simulationbased analysis, which it outperforms for systems with tasksthat may experience release jitter.
A common design principle for distributed real-time systemsis to let the completion of one task trigger the start of oneor more successors. A third method supporting the analysis oftasks in such systems is described. The method extends andimproves earlier methods as it allows a generalized systemmodel and also results in tighter bounds than the originalmethods. This method has been implemented as part of a toolsetthat enables an integrated approach to the design and analysisof control systems and their implementation as distributedreal-time systems. As part of the thesis, models for describingdistributed control systems have been developed. The toolset,which is based on these models, uses the derived response timebounds in a control system performance analysis based onsimulation. The use of the toolset is exemplified in a smallcase study.
Keywords:real-time systems, scheduling, response time,fixed priority, control, jitter, offset, schedulabilityanalysis
27
Ashjaei, Mohammad. "Real-Time Communication over Switched Ethernet with Resource Reservation." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-33220.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the need for advanced computer-controlled functionality in distributed embedded systems the requirements on network communication are becoming overly intricate. This dissertation targets the requirements that are concerned with real-time guarantees, run-time adaptation, resource utilization and flexibility during the development. The Flexible Time-Triggered Switched Ethernet (FTT-SE) and Hard Real-Time Ethernet Switching (HaRTES) network architectures have emerged as two promising solutions that can cater for these requirements. However, these architectures do not support multi-hop communication as they are originally developed for single-switch networks. This dissertation presents a fundamental contribution in multi-hop real-time communication over the FTT-SE and HaRTES architectures targeting the above mentioned requirements. It proposes and evaluates various solutions for scheduling and forwarding the traffic through multiple switches in these architectures. These solutions preserve the ability of dynamic adaptation without jeopardizing real-time properties of the architectures. Moreover, the dissertation presents schedulability analyses for the timeliness verification and evaluation of the proposed solutions as well as several protocols to support run-time adaptation in the multi-hop communication. Finally, the work led to an end-to-end resource reservation framework, based on the proposed multi-hop architectures, to support flexibility during the development of the systems. The efficiency of the proposed solutions is evaluated on various case studies that are inspired from industrial systems.
28
Ibrahim, Bacha Faisal. "Requirements Engineering and Response Time : A study about the Requirements Engineering and the Response Time of a Highly Interactive Web-based Application." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84318.
Full textAbstract:
Low response time is an important factor for any interactive system. However, web-based applications suffer sometimes from bad response times. This fact is not always important but for services depending on a high degree of interactivity it can be severe. This thesis attempts to give an answer to the question whichi s the requirements engineering for best response time on a highly interactive Web-based application? The research approach is deductive based on a single-case study and using qualitative method. The case system is a web-based system that supports an experimental technique called Wizard-of-Oz. To tackle the research question an extensive review of literature on requirements engineering was made, and, for the case study itself, system requirements documents and interviews were included. The results include information about the specific requirements engineering process for the case system, response time, and quality attributes.The conclusion indicates the importance of response time requirements, hardware and software requirements, testing, but also a demonstration phase for desired interactive behaviour including response time. The latter is not previously identified as a major step in the general literature on requirements engineering but should definitively be noted by researchers and practitioner alike.
29
McCune, Robert E. "Identification of Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Transfer Function Models from Frequency Response Measurements." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1239731009.
Full text
30
Zhu, Ying. "A Comparison of Calculation by Real-Time and by Linear-Response Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in the Regime of Linear Optical Response." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460554444.
Full text
31
Jang, Seongman Sarkar Tapan. "Exploiting early time scattering response using fractional Fourier transform." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
Full text
32
Albayrak, Nursen. "Applying time series analysis to supply response and risk." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30123.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this thesis is to both review the existing econometric evidence and to provide further empirical evidence on supply response to prices and risk in order to assess the quantitative significance of price variables in the agricultural sector. Empirical results presented in this thesis are based on state and province level estimates from Turkish agriculture for the time period of 1950-90. Estimates of short-run elasticities of area planted with respect to the ratio of own-price and cross-price to fertiliser price are (0.813) and (-0.270), respectively. The corresponding long-run estimates are (0.230) and (-0.297). By convention an elasticity less than 1% is considered inelastic. In terms of the size of the estimated elasticities following points should be made: Firstly, the short-run response in agriculture is very low, because the main inputs such as land, labour and capital, are fixed. Secondly, the size of short- and long-run elasticities are close to each other. This could be explained by the low elasticity of supply response of the fixed factors. The elasticity of supply response increases with time as desired factor reallocation becomes more complete and as factors which are fixed in the short-run can become variable. Thirdly, the introduction of new varieties provides a significant and positive acreage response (0.637), while the stabilisation policies decrease (-0.293) area planted for wheat in the province. In the light of such evidence, the case for a positive price policy for agricultural development is strong indeed.
33
Chehab, Abdul Ghafar. "Time dependent response of pulled-in-place HDPE pipes." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1239.
Full text
34
Folds, D. (Dennis). "Response organization and time-sharing in dual-task performance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28616.
Full text
35
Henderson, Elizabeth. "Evaluation of the time response of pore pressure measurements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37743.
Full text
36
Lapovski, Cem, and Philip Ekholm. "Optimizing data retrieval response time using localized database services." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20666.
Full textAbstract:
Datahantering är en aspekt av systemlösningar som inte ska försummas. Svarstider är en lika viktig aspekt i den moderna onlinetjänsten. När molntjänster har nått en popularitet högre än någonsin är det viktigt att veta hur man använder dem effektivt för att kunna få bästa resultat. Kunden, Axis Communications, utvecklar för närvarande en IoT-plattform (Internet of Things) som tros leverera ytterligare mjukvarufunktionalitet och information i realtid till slutanvändaren. Ett moment i denna tjänst är händelsehantering och behandling. Detta kräver att händelser tas emot och bearbetas med hjälp av AWS-komponenter innan de skickas vidare. I denna rapport har vi jämfört prestandan mellan att berika en händelseström med information via externa tjänster och att berika samma händelseström via lokala tjänster. För att bestämma vilka lösningar som ger en snabbare responstid för vår klient, Axis Communications, har vi utvecklat en ny prototyp. Utvecklingsprocessen som vi har valt gör det möjligt att iterera och utvärdera prototypen under utvecklingsprocessen. Utvärderingen bör endast användas som riktlinje vid bedömning av händelsehanteringstjänster, eftersom antalet parametrar kan skilja sig och ge ändrade resultat. Resultaten visar att vår metod för denna lösningen presterade upp till 5,16 gånger bättre än den externa tjänsten. Molntjänsten presterade även bättre under hög belastning tack vare skalbarheten hos AWS Lambda.Data processing is an aspect of system solutions which cannot be neglected. Response times is an equally important aspect in the modern online service. With cloud services reaching an all-time peak in popularity, it is important to know how to use them efficiently by providing the best results. The client, Axis Communications, is currently developing an IoT (Internet of Things) platform which is thought to deliver further software functionality and information in real-time to the end user. One of the elements of this service is event handling and processing. It requires events to be received and processed using AWS components before sending them through. In this thesis we aim to compare the performance between decorating an event stream using external services to decorating the same event stream with local services. In order to determine which of the solutions offer a better result for our client, we had to develop a new prototype of said solution. The process of development makes it possible to iterate and evaluate the prototype during the time of development. The evaluation should only be used as a guideline when considering event handling services as the number of parameters may differ and yield altered results. The results prove that our method for this solution had up to 5,16 times faster response time. The cloud-based solution also performed better when under heavy load by processing all of the requests simoultanously due to the scaling of AWS Lambda.
37
Schlitt, James Thomas. "Applying Time-Valued Knowledge for Public Health Outbreak Response." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90399.
Full textAbstract:
During the early stages of any epidemic, simple interventions such as quarantine and isolation may be sufficient to halt the spread of a novel pathogen. However, should this opportunity be missed, substantially more resource-intensive, complex, and societally intrusive interventions may be required to achieve an acceptable outcome. These disparities place a differential on the value of a given unit of knowledge across the time-domains of an epidemic. Within this dissertation we explore these value-differentials via extension of the business concept of the time-value of knowledge and propose the C4 Response Model for organizing the research response to novel pathogenic outbreaks.
First, we define the C4 Response Model as a progression from an initial data-hungry collect stage, iteration between open-science-centric connect stages and machine-learning centric calibrate stages, and a final visualization-centric convey stage. Secondly we analyze the trends in knowledge-building across the stages of epidemics with regard to open and closed access article publication, referencing, and citation. Thirdly, we demonstrate a Twitter message mapping application to assess the virality of tweets as a function of their source-profile category, message category, timing, urban context, tone, and use of bots. Finally, we apply an agent-based model of influenza transmission to explore the efficacy of combined antiviral, sequestration, and vaccination interventions in mitigating an outbreak of an influenza-like-illness (ILI) within a simulated military base population.
We find that while closed access outbreak response articles use more recent citations and see higher mean citation counts, open access articles are published and referenced in significantly greater numbers and are growing in proportion. We observe that tweet viralities showed distinct heterogeneities across message and profile type pairing, that tweets dissipated rapidly across time and space, and that tweets published before high-tweet-volume time periods showed higher virality. Finally, we saw that while timely responses and strong pharmaceutical interventions showed the greatest impact in mitigating ILI transmission within a military base, even optimistic scenarios failed to prevent the majority of new cases. This body of work offers significant methodological contributions for the practice of computational epidemiology as well as a theoretical grounding for the further use of the C4 Response Model.Doctor of Philosophy
During the early stages of an outbreak of disease, simple interventions such as isolating those infected may be sufficient to prevent further cases. However, should this opportunity be missed, substantially more complex interventions such as the development of novel pharmaceuticals may be required. This results in a differential value for specific knowledge across the early, middle, and late stages of epidemic. Within this dissertation we explore these differentials via extension of the business concept of the time-value of knowledge, whereby key findings may yield greater benefits during early epidemics. We propose the C4 Response Model for organizing research regarding this time-value. First, we define the C4 Response Model as a progression from an initial knowledge collection stage, iteration between knowledge connection stages and machine learning-centric calibration stages, and a final conveyance stage. Secondly we analyze the trends in knowledge-building across the stages of epidemics with regard to open and closed access scientific article publication, referencing, and citation. Thirdly, we demonstrate a Twitter application for improving public health messaging campaigns by identifying optimal combinations of source-profile categories, message categories, timing, urban origination, tone, and use of bots. Finally, we apply an agent-based model of influenza transmission to explore the efficacy of combined antiviral, isolation, and vaccination interventions in mitigating an outbreak of an influenza-like-illness (ILI) within a simulated military base population. We find that while closed access outbreak response articles use more recent citations and see higher mean citation counts, open access articles are growing in use and are published and referenced in significantly greater numbers. We observe that tweet viralities showed distinct benefits to certain message and profile type pairings, that tweets faded rapidly across time and space, and that tweets published before high-tweet-volume time periods are retweeted more. Finally, we saw that while early responses and strong pharmaceuticals showed the greatest impact in preventing influenza transmission within military base populations, even optimistic scenarios failed to prevent the majority to new cases. This body of work offers significant methodological contributions for the practice of computational epidemiology as well as a theoretical grounding for the C4 Response Model.
38
Hutchinson, Simon James. "Investigation of late time response analysis for security applications." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2015. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/608771/.
Full textAbstract:
The risk of armed attack by individual’s intent on causing mass casualties against soft targets, such as transport hubs continues. This has led to an increased need for a robust, reliable and accurate detection system for concealed threat items. This new system will need to improve upon existing detection systems including portal based scanners, x-ray scanners and hand held metal detectors as these all suffer from drawbacks of limited detection range and relatively long scanning times. A literature appraisal has been completed to assess the work being undertaken in the relevant field of Concealed Threat Detection (CTD). From this Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radar has been selected as the most promising technology available for CTD at the present. UWB radar is provided by using Frequency Modulated Continuous Waves (FMCW) from laboratory test equipment over a multi gigahertz bandwidth. This gives the UWB radar the ability to detect both metallic and dielectric objects. Current published results have shown that it is possible to use the LTR technique to detect and discriminate both single objects isolated in air and multiple objects present within the same environment. A Vector Network Analyser (VNA) has been used to provide the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar signal required for the LTR technique. This thesis presents the application of the Generalized Pencil-of-Function (GPOF), Dual Tree Wavelet Transform (DTWT) and the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), both real and complex valued, in Late Time Response (LTR) security analysis to produce a viable detection algorithm. Supervised and unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been applied to develop a successful classification scheme for Concealed Threat Detection (CTD) in on body security screening. Signal deconvolution and other techniques have been applied in post processing to allow for extraction of the LTR signal from the scattered return. Data vectorization has been applied to the extracted LTR signal using an unsupervised learning based ANN to prepare data for classification. Classification results for both binary threat/non-threat classifiers and a group classifier are presented. The GPOF method presented true positive classification results approaching 72% with wavelet based methods offering between 98% and 100%.
39
Ffolliott, Peter F. "Updating Hydrologic Time-Trend Response Functions of Fire Impacts." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296580.
Full text
40
Wang, Min. "Characteristics of item response time for standardized achievement assessments." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5674.
Full textAbstract:
Response time (RT) data are able to provide unique insight into both items and examinees regarding speededness and time-demand and should be incorporated into test development practice. To allow test developers to utilize RT information, item RT needs to be summarized into point estimate(PE)(s) that can be understood by content specialists and saved into the item pool. The recent expansion of online testing in K-12 achievement assessments brings opportunities and challenges for measurement experts to investigate and utilize RT information in a context different from that in the majority of literature, in which licensing and certification tests, graduate admission tests, and other applications that incorporate computer-adaptive testing. Using empirical data from four tests in two grade levels of a K-12 standardized achievement assessment, this study explored the empirical distributions of item RT and their fit to five probability distributions, the characteristics of four item RTPEs, and the relationships between item RTPEs and eight item attributes. Based on the principal findings across tests and grades, the empirical distributions of item RT presented widely variable shapes and did not fit any of the five proposed probability distributions; the 90th quantile showed its important capability of capturing and avoiding speededness issues; and the associations between item RTPEs and item attributes proved to be mixed.
The generally idiosyncratic findings of this study call for a different perspective and approach to explore RT data and call for more empirical studies to enlighten test development practice in the K-12 standardized achievement assessment field.
41
Sitter, Randy Rudolf. "The design of quantal response experiments and the modelling of quantal response experiments over time." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26074.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of designing a quantal response experiment when estimation of the median effective dose (ED50) is of main interest is examined. The asymptotic variances of the maximum likelihood estimators of the ED50 for various 3 and 5 point designs, using the logit model, are compared to the minimum possible which is achieved with an inadvisable 1 point design (Cher-noff[5]). Alternate criteria for choosing a design that attempt to incorporate goodness-of-fit of the model are then examined.
The modelling of quantal response experiments observed over time is also considered. A growth-curve approach to this problem was suggested by Carter and Hubert[3], and applied to a data set. The feasibility of this approach is discussed, and a simpler, more direct approach is proposed. The two models are applied to the presented data set, and the resulting fits are compared. The model proposed here appears to fit the data better. Inference about the ED50 using the two models is also compared.Science, Faculty of
Statistics, Department of
Graduate
42
Goyeneche, Ariel. "A job response time prediction method for production Grid computing environments." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2010. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/905yw/a-job-response-time-prediction-method-for-production-grid-computing-environments.
Full textAbstract:
A major obstacle to the widespread adoption of Grid Computing in both the scientific community and industry sector is the difficulty of knowing in advance a job submission running cost that can be used to plan a correct allocation of resources. Traditional distributed computing solutions take advantage of homogeneous and open environments to propose prediction methods that use a detailed analysis of the hardware and software components. However, production Grid computing environments, which are large and use a complex and dynamic set of resources, present a different challenge. In Grid computing the source code of applications, programme libraries, and third-party software are not always available. In addition, Grid security policies may not agree to run hardware or software analysis tools to generate Grid components models. The objective of this research is the prediction of a job response time in production Grid computing environments. The solution is inspired by the concept of predicting future Grid behaviours based on previous experiences learned from heterogeneous Grid workload trace data. The research objective was selected with the aim of improving the Grid resource usability and the administration of Grid environments. The predicted data can be used to allocate resources in advance and inform forecasted finishing time and running costs before submission. The proposed Grid Computing Response Time Prediction (GRTP) method implements several internal stages where the workload traces are mined to produce a response time prediction for a given job. In addition, the GRTP method assesses the predicted result against the actual target job’s response time to inference information that is used to tune the methods setting parameters. The GRTP method was implemented and tested using a cross-validation technique to assess how the proposed solution generalises to independent data sets. The training set was taken from the Grid environment DAS (Distributed ASCI Supercomputer). The two testing sets were taken from AuverGrid and Grid5000 Grid environments Three consecutive tests assuming stable jobs, unstable jobs, and using a job type method to select the most appropriate prediction function were carried out. The tests offered a significant increase in prediction performance for data mining based methods applied in Grid computing environments. For instance, in Grid5000 the GRTP method answered 77 percent of job prediction requests with an error of less than 10 percent. While in the same environment, the most effective and accurate method using workload traces was only able to predict 32 percent of the cases within the same range of error. The GRTP method was able to handle unexpected changes in resources and services which affect the job response time trends and was able to adapt to new scenarios. The tests showed that the proposed GRTP method is capable of predicting job response time requests and it also improves the prediction quality when compared to other current solutions.
43
Kamp, Siri-Maria. "The Psychophysiology of Novelty Processing: Do Brain Responses to Deviance Predict Recall, Recognition and Response Time?" Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4703.
Full textAbstract:
Events that violate expectations are biologically significant and accordingly elicit various physiological responses. We investigated the functional relationship between three of these responses: the P300, the Novelty P3 and the pupil dilation response (PDR), with a particular focus on their co-variance with reaction time and measures of subsequent memory. In a modified Novelty P3 oddball paradigm, participants semantically categorized a sequence of stimuli including (1) words of a frequent category, (2) words of an infrequent category (14% of the trials) and (3) pictures of the frequent category (14% of the trials). The Novelty P3 oddball task was followed by a recall- and a recognition test. Larger amplitudes of the P300, identified by a spatial principal component analysis (PCA), were associated with enhanced subsequent recall as well as faster reaction times during the recognition test, suggesting a close relationship between the cognitive process indexed by the P300 and memory encoding. The PDR was larger for infrequents (which required a response switch) than both frequents and pictures (which did not require a switch). Furthermore, its latency was correlated with reaction time on the same trial and with reaction time on the immediately following trial. There was only weak evidence for a correlation with subsequent memory, suggesting that the cognitive process associated with the PDR might be a direct link in the stimulus-response stream. Larger Novelty P3 amplitudes were associated with both faster reaction times on the same trial and stronger memory traces, suggesting that its amplitude might index resource allocation. These findings suggest that each of the physiological responses carries a distinct functional significance in detecting, processing, or responding to novel events, and we discuss the findings in the light of the prevalent theories of the functional significance of each response.
44
Hedlund, Lars-Erik. "Response Time as Self-Schema Indicator : Implications for Personality Assessment." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-112128.
Full textAbstract:
The focal objective of this thesis was to examine the potential advantage of introducing the self-schema concept, indexed by response time, into personality assessment. The basic rationale for the use of response time is that a self-schema facilitates response time for self-referent information as it permits people to make assessments easier and automatic. A self-schema is a cognitive structure containing the generic knowledge that people have about themselves, influencing all aspects of the processing of self-relevant information in order to organize, summarize and explain their behavior. Paper I examined the self-schema proposition that the relation between personality score and response time for the Big Five personality factors is curvilinear in accordance with the inverted-U effect. Using more appropriate statistical methods than in previous studies, Study 1 and Study 2 confirmed the existence of the inverted-U effect for all Big Five factors. Thus the results provided support for the self-schema perspective as people scoring low or high on the Big Five traits responded faster than those scoring in the middle. Previous research has shown that the Big Five personality factors Openness to Experience and Agreeableness are powerful predictors of prejudice. The main question in Paper II was whether this prediction could be improved by including a measure of self-schema (schematicity). The results of Study 3 demonstrated that response time significantly improved the prediction of generalized prejudice from the mentioned personality factors and disclosed both an additive and a moderating effect. Thus, the relation between personality trait score and generalized prejudice is moderated by how schematic a person is. Paper III examined the potential linkage between heritability and self-schema. In Study 4, 5, and 6, the relation between heritability and response time for the Big Five personality facets (subfactors) was examined. The results revealed that personality response time is related to personality heritability so that shorter response times are associated with higher heritabilities. Putting the present results into the context of self-schemas, this means that Big Five personality facets with a large heritability on the average would have higher schematicity than those with small heritability estimates. The results of the present thesis extend previous work in the area of self-schema. The findings suggest that self-schema, measured by response time, may be a useful additional tool to fine-tune personality assessment. Also, the findings put emphasis on the importance of considering possible curvilinear relationships and interaction effects in order to better comprehend the rationale underlying self-schemata processing. Finally, the results imply that the heritability of personality traits should be taken into account when we construct theories and models in personality psychology. The implications of these results are discussed and directions for future research are highlighted.
45
Luknowsky, David C. "Onset of BOLD fMRI response correlates with visuomotor reaction time." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32494.pdf.
Full text
46
Hill, Miriam Elizabeth. "Gender occupatioaln stereotypes and achievement attributions : a response time methodology /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR.PS/09ar.psh647.pdf.
Full text
47
Holland, D. "Nonlinear orientational response of permanent dipoles in time-dependent fields." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426793.
Full text
48
Qiu, Zhan. "Enhancing response time and reliability via speculative replication and redundancy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45278.
Full textAbstract:
Modern computer systems, such as cloud or server farms, have been widely deployed to provide cost-effective and high-performance services. However, with the increasing scale and complexity, it is not a trivial task to achieve high reliability and consistently low response times. To address these issues, concurrent request replication has emerged as an effective mechanism to achieve these goals. With replication, r ≥ 1 replicas of each request are spawned simultaneously, and the results of the first k (1 ≤ k ≤ r) replicas to complete are used. Replication can thus handle unpredictable failures and delays due to exceptional conditions, unless they occur to all replicas simultaneously. The main risk of replication is that it may negatively impact latency since it introduces extra load into the system. In this thesis we aim to capture the trade-off between these two conflicting effects of replication. We first focus on the k = 1 case, i.e., the system replies with the result from whichever replica completes successfully first. We investigate how replication can be used to exploit processing time variability to reduce response times. Next, we investigate the k = r configuration, a case known as fork-join queues, where each arriving job is split into r tasks, each of which is assigned to one of r parallel processors. The key difference with the k = 1 case is that the final result can only be delivered once all the tasks have been completed. In the last part, we generalize the analysis to systems that implement erasure encoding, where an object is stored by creating k fragments and storing r ≥ k encoded fragments so that the original object can be retrieved from any k of the r fragments. The models proposed have the advantage of being able to compute the response-time distribution, which is a significant advantage as mean response time guarantees are not sufficient in deadline-driven applications. In addition, these models are able to handle fairly general inter-arrival and service times. Extensive experimental results show that replication can be very effective in keeping the response-time tail short, but these benefits highly depend on the number of replicas, processing-time distribution, as well as on the system load, number of servers, and the statistical characteristics of the arrival process.
49
Qutishat, Dania. "Balance and response time in patients with chronic tennis elbow." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2011. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20786/.
Full textAbstract:
Tennis elbow is a common condition that is easy to diagnose however, the optimal approach to management is still an area of considerable debate with limited evidence to support current practice. This is due to the ambiguous nature of its aetiology and pathology, which remain poorly understood. Bilateral sensorimotor deficits in the upper limb have been found in patients with unilateral tennis elbow, as they had slower response time and slower speed of movement. Research suggests that these patients could also have generalised sensorimotor deficits due to peripheral and central sensitisation. However, only bilateral sensorimotor deficits have been investigated suggesting that research is warranted to investigate the generalised sensorimotor deficits in patients with chronic tennis elbow. Therefore, it is the intention of this research to provide new knowledge in the area of sensorimotor function in these patients. This PhD programme consisted of two phases, the first phase involved healthy participants (n=22) and the second phase involved patients with chronic tennis elbow (n=11). This study was quasi experimental and investigated sensorimotor function by measuring balance and response time of the upper and lower limbs. The outcome measure for balance was time to boundary (TtB) in the anterio-posterior (ap) and medio-lateral (ml) directions. For the response time, the outcome measures were 1-choice response time and 2-choice response time. The test-retest reliability was assessed for these outcome measures using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement and yielded good to excellent reliability estimates. Following descriptive analysis and tests for normality and homogeneity of variance, the data was analysed using a mixed design ANOVA. Results showed that patients with chronic tennis elbow have more balance instability when compared to healthy participants as they were closer to reach their stability boundary in the anterioposterior direction. The findings of this research add new knowledge to the field of sensorimotor function in patients with chronic tennis elbow and enhance the understanding of this condition between health professionals.
50
Bass, Sarah Marguerite. "Determining the Postural Response Time to Visual and Auditory Stimuli." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1619737803562345.
Full text