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Journal articles on the topic 'RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Ye, Jihong, Zhiqiang Zhang, and Xianming Liu. "A simplified multisupport response spectrum method." Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 11, no. 2 (June 2012): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11803-012-0114-4.

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2

Sabitov, A. F., and I. A. Safina. "Implementation of the Spectral Method for Determining of Measuring Instruments' Dynamic Characteristics." Devices and Methods of Measurements 11, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-2-155-162.

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The spectral method for establishing dynamic response of measuring instruments basically requires determining the amplitude spectrum of the signal in its informative part that includes the amplitude spectrum at zero frequency. The operating frequency range of existing low-frequency spectrum analyzers is above zero frequency that leads to an uncertainty in dynamic response of measuring instruments determined by the spectral method. The purpose of this paper is to develop a program for calculating the signal amplitude spectrum, starting from zero frequency, to implement a spectral method for determining the dynamic response of measuring instruments on computers equipped with the MatLab package.To implement the spectral method for determining the dynamic response of measuring instruments, we developed a program in the MatLab 2013b environment that determines the signal amplitude spectrum from zero Hertz. The program reads the source data from Excel tables and presents the calculated amplitude spectrum as a chart and a report table.It is shown that the developed program calculates the signal amplitude spectrum with a standard deviation of not more than 3.4 % in the frequency range of 0 to 10 rad/s. The calculated amplitude spectrum allows determining the time constant of first-order aperiodic measuring instruments with an uncertainty of not more than 0.166 % at any noise level, if their frequencies are outside the information part of the spectrum.We demonstrated the claimed advantage of the spectral method for determining dynamic response using the developed program by the example of a high-frequency noise in the transient response of some measuring instruments.

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3

Jin, Min Chao, Bao Fu Wang, Zhong Ren Feng, and Xiong Jiang Wang. "Seismic Response Analysis of Long Span Cable-Stayed Bridge by Response Spectrum Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1992.

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Based on response spectrum method, the seismic behavior of a long span cable-stayed bridge is investigated through three dimensional finite element model established by ANSYS. By calculating the cumulative effective mass factors of the bridge, the minimum number of modes used for modal superposition analysis is obtained. Design acceleration response spectrums under two probabilities are used in the analysis. The response spectrums are input in the bridge longitudinal direction, vertical direction, transverse direction and combined horizontal and vertical directions. Displacements and internal forces results show that vertical component of the ground motion greatly influences the response of the bridge and there is significant difference between the results of the two probabilities.

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4

Su, Cheng, Zhijian Huang, and Jianhua Xian. "A modified response spectrum method based on uniform probability spectrum." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 17, no. 2 (September 27, 2018): 657–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0485-7.

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5

Liu, Li, and Zhang. "Analysis of Offshore Structures Based on Response Spectrum of Ice Force." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7110417.

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With the development of large-scale offshore projects, sea ice is a potential threat to the safety of offshore structures. The main forms of damage to bottom-fixed offshore structures under sea ice are crushing failure and bending failure. Referred to as the concept of seismic response spectrums, the design response spectrum of offshore structures induced by the crushing and bending ice failure is presented. Selecting the Bohai Sea in China as an example, the sea areas were divided into different ice zones due to the different sea ice parameters. Based on the crushing and bending failure power spectral densities of ice force, a large amount of ice force time-history samples are firstly generated for each ice zone. The time-history of the maximum responses of a series of single degree of freedom systems with different natural frequencies under the ice force are calculated and subsequently, a response spectrum curve is obtained. Finally, by fitting all the response spectrum curves from different samples, the design response spectrum is generated for each ice zone. The ice force influence coefficients for crushing and bending failure are obtained, which can be used to estimate the stochastic sea ice force acting on a structure conveniently in a static way. A comparison of the proposed response spectrum method with the Monte Carlo method by a numerical example shows good agreement.

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6

De Domenico, D., G. Falsone, and G. Ricciardi. "Improved response-spectrum analysis of base-isolated buildings: A substructure-based response spectrum method." Engineering Structures 162 (May 2018): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.02.037.

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7

Trifunac, Mihailo D. "Early history of the response spectrum method." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 28, no. 9 (September 2008): 676–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.10.014.

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8

Gupta, Ajaya K., and Jing-Wen Jaw. "Response spectrum method for nonclassically damped systems." Nuclear Engineering and Design 91, no. 2 (January 1986): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(86)90203-7.

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9

Li, Jing, and Xin Wang. "A Power Spectral Analysis Method for Wind-Induced Response of Flexible Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1125.

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A relational expression of wavelet packet coefficients and power spectrum is derived based on the theories of wavelet packet analysis. The new expression is proposed to compute the power spectrum of wind-induced response of structures. Further, the approach is applied to the power spectral analysis of the response signals of a large-span roof structure, and the accuracy of spectral estimation for stochastic signals is verified.

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10

Guo, Xiao Yun, Jing Shan Bo, Ping Li, and Yu Dong Zhang. "Least Square Method to Calibrate Seismic Design Response Spectrum." Advanced Materials Research 378-379 (October 2011): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.378-379.358.

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Seismic design response spectrum is the basis of structure seismic design. Calibration of seismic design response spectrum is the main chain of structures’ seismic input determination. This paper proposes a new method of calibrating seismic design response spectrum. Based on summarizing the main form of calibrated seismic design response spectrum, which is related to the determination of the characteristic parameters of response spectrum, this paper advances least square fitting method based on coordinate transformation, and by comparing different calibrating methods, points out that least square fitting method is a simple and logical calibrating method.

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11

Han, Xin, Shun Yang, Jingshan Bo, Chaoyu Chang, Mei Guo, and Yimeng Cai. "A New Method for the Calibration of Site-Related Response Spectra." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (July 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1713482.

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The calibration of response spectra is an important issue that needs further research in engineering earthquake resistance. This paper proposes an improved calibration method for site-related response spectra. The seismic acceleration response spectra are statistically analyzed in the random period bands in the form of regression analysis, and the fitting indices in each frequency band under 11 different functions are given. Accordingly, the best fitting function for each period band is determined. Combined with a genetic algorithm, the control parameters of the seismic acceleration response spectrum are calibrated according to the determined new design spectral shape. After comparing the calibration results with the proposed piecewise results, a new calibration model of the three-section curve expression is proposed by improving the piecewise standard until the calibration results are identical to the proposed period point. The accuracy of the proposed calibration method is validated against the other four available methods using Qian’a earthquake records and actual engineering examples. The research results show that the site-related response spectrum calibration method given in this paper objectively reflects the spectrum characteristics of the site-related response spectrum. The proposed method may have a certain reference value for the calibration of the site-related response spectrum.

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12

Laminou, Lawali Moussa, and Xinghua Chen. "Spectral Representation-Based Multidimensional Nonstationary Ground Motion Model for Seismic Reliability Analysis of Frame Structures." Shock and Vibration 2021 (April 22, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5592249.

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A framework for a multidimensional nonstationary ground motion model based on spectral representation theory is proposed in this paper. The multidimensional nonstationary ground motion model is built from a local target to fit the multidimensional response spectrum. A four-stage modulation function takes into account the multidimensional intensity correlation and the modified Clough–Penzien (C-P) power spectrum with parameter correlation, which represent the two main aspects, the modulation function and the power spectrum of constructing the multidimensional nonstationary ground motion model. A multidimensional response spectrum constructed according to the standardizing response spectrum is used as the fitting target response spectrum. Samples of random ground motion for random seismic response and dynamic reliability study are finally obtained. The random seismic responses are then combined with the probability density evolution method (PDEM) to carry out the seismic reliability analysis of a randomly base-excited moment-resisting frame structure. In the numerical analysis, the nonlinear seismic responses and reliability of a 10-story reinforced concrete frame structure are carefully investigated in accordance with the Egyptian seismic code. As a result, the effectiveness of the proposed method is fully demonstrated.

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13

Zhang, Zhen Xuan, and Qing Jun Chen. "Long-Period Response Spectrum and Earthquake Response Analysis of Super High-Rise Building." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3964–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3964.

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Based on seismic records with large long-period components at home and abroad, carried on uniform error correction processing and rough site classification, then, used numerical analysis software-MATLAB to calculate the average response spectrum of different types of venues, and used the least square method to do sub-fitting for them, got the long-period quasi-regulatory response spectrums of all kinds of venues; using the general-purpose finite element analysis software-ANSYS, a super high-rise building structural analysis model was established, inputted the fitted long-period seismic response spectrum and the design response spectrum of Shanghai anti-seismic standards, by comparing the results of structural seismic responeses under the two kinds of response spectrum, the long-period seismic response of super high-rise building was investigated, and some valuable conclusions were obtained for reference.

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14

CAO Beibei, and YIN Jingyuan. "Using Wave Method to Calculate Earthquake Response Spectrum." International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology 5, no. 8 (April 30, 2013): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol5.issue8.47.

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15

Poznyak, Elena, Viktor Chirkov, Alexei Bugaevsky, Valery Simbirkin, and Victor Kurnavin. "Response spectrum method for spatial seismic ground motion." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 38 (June 28, 2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2021.22039.

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16

Takewaki, Izuru. "Response Spectrum Method for Nonlinear Surface Ground Analysis." Advances in Structural Engineering 7, no. 6 (December 2004): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433042863233.

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17

Kiureghian, Armen Der, and Ansgar Neuenhofer. "Response spectrum method for multi-support seismic excitations." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 21, no. 8 (1992): 713–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290210805.

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18

Hadj Brahim, Mounia Menoun, and Hamid Afra. "Linear and Equivalent-Linear Direct Transfer of Bedrock Response Spectrum to Free Surface." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgee.310051.

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The aim of this study is to develop a method based on a theoretical background that can evaluate directly the response spectrum of a soil profile at the surface from a specified bedrock response spectrum. One-dimensional ground response analysis is mainly performed using linear (L) and equivalent linear (EQL) method. The interesting feature of this method is its possibility to evaluate, directly, the response spectrum of a soil profile at the surface, without the need of using the power spectral density or the Fourier amplitude spectrum. The results of the proposed method showed a good agreement compared with those obtained from the Shake software and from the random vibration theory (RVT) used in the Strata software.

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19

Kotowski, Adam. "Cross-Correlation-Based Method vs. Classical Fft for Spectral Analysis of Impulse Response." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2014-0040.

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Abstract The paper presents comparison of results of impulse response spectral analysis that has been obtained using a method based on cross-correlation with results obtained using classical FFT. The presented non-Fourier method is achieved by correlating the analyzed signal and reference single-harmonic signals and using Hilbert transform to obtain an envelope of cross-correlation. The envelope of crosscorrelation makes it possible to calculate appropriate indicator and make its plot in frequency domain as a spectrum. The spectrum obtained this way has its advantage over the FFT that the spectral resolution does not depend on duration of signal. At the same time, the spectral resolution can be much greater than spectral resolution resultant from FFT. Obtained results show that presented non-Fourier method gives frequency readout more accurate in comparison to FFT when the impulse response is a short-time signal e.g. few dozen of miliseconds lasting.

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20

Li, Xu, Sheng Ping Wu, and Zhen Zheng Fang. "Research on Analysis Method of Seismic Response of Long Span Cable-Stayed Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2228.

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The response of the long-span cable-stayed bridges under seismic load is complex. Reasonable methods is very important to analyze the seismic performance. In this paper, a practical project is taken as research background which is double pylon cable-stayed bridge with main span of 416m. Two artificial seismic waves and two seismic records were selected to analyze the seismic behaviors by the response spectrum method, time history analysis method and power spectrum method. The result shows that seismic responses of the girder and main tower are basically identical under the effect of artificial seismic wave. The response spectrum analysis results of them are between the other two methods under the effect of the natural seismic wave. For stay cable, time history analysis results has great difference compared with results of other two methods. Therefore, different methods should be choosed base on specific circumstances to analyse the earthquake response of this structure.

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21

YAMADA, Yoshikazu, and Kenji KAWANO. "Seismic response analysis of nonproportional damping system due to response spectrum method." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 380 (1987): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1987.380_213.

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22

Park, Young J. "New Conversion Method from Response Spectrum to PSD Functions." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 121, no. 12 (December 1995): 1391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1995)121:12(1391).

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23

Kishida, A., and I. Takewaki. "Response Spectrum Method for Kinematic Soil-Pile Interaction Analysis." Advances in Structural Engineering 13, no. 1 (February 2010): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.13.1.181.

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24

AOKI, Shigeru. "First Excursion Probability Estimation Method Using Average Response Spectrum." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 58, no. 546 (1992): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.58.347.

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25

Sutharshana, Saravanapavananthan, and William McGuire. "Non-linear response spectrum method for three-dimensional structures." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 16, no. 6 (August 1988): 885–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290160609.

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26

Zhao, Fengkui, Jian Wang, and Aimin Wang. "An Improved Spectral Background Subtraction Method Based on Wavelet Energy." Applied Spectroscopy 70, no. 12 (November 13, 2016): 1994–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702816665530.

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Most spectral background subtraction methods rely on the difference in frequency response of background compared with characteristic peaks. It is difficult to extract accurately the background components from the spectrum when characteristic peaks and background have overlaps in frequency domain. An improved background estimation algorithm based on iterative wavelet transform (IWT) is presented. The wavelet entropy principle is used to select the best wavelet basis. A criterion based on wavelet energy theory to determine the optimal iteration times is proposed. The case of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is discussed for illustration. A simulated spectrum with a prior known background and an experimental spectrum are tested. The processing results of the simulated spectrum is compared with non-IWT and it demonstrates the superiority of the IWT. It has great significance to improve the accuracy for spectral analysis.

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27

Gao, Li Yan, Yu Kun Feng, and Wen Feng Liu. "Mode Superposition Response Spectrum Method Combined with Continuum Method for High-Rise Energy Dissipation Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.799.

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Response spectrum curve is the base of seismic design of structures, and mode-superposition response spectrum method is a practical design method of structures. Damping adjustment factors and shape parameters have been adjusted in the new Chinese code (2010) for damping rate is not equal to 0.05. Then, a new mode superposition response spectrum method combined with continuum method is introduced in this paper. Finally, the earthquake shear of a shear-wall structure’s bottom is calculated, and the results of the new method are compared with that of traditional method implemented in PM-SATWE software which is widely used in architectural design institute. The contrast results show that the new method is available and has a good accuracy.

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28

Liang, Qianqian, Chen Zhao, and Jun Hu. "A New Elastoplastic Time-History Analysis Method for Frame Structures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 30, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8818187.

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This study aimed to analyze the formation and application of the time-domain elastoplastic response spectrum. The elastoplastic response spectrum in the time domain was computed according to the trilinear force-restoring model. The time-domain elastoplastic response spectrum corresponded to a specific yield strength coefficient, fracture stiffness, and yield stiffness. However, the force-restoring models corresponding to different structural systems and the states of the structural systems at different moments were not the same. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of a particular periodic point corresponding to a particular structure were meaningful for the elastoplastic response spectrum. In addition, the curve in the time-domain dimension along the periodic point truly reflected the real-time response of the structure when the structure encountered a seismic load.

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29

Kote, P. B., S. N. Madhekar, and I. D. Gupta. "Use of critical response spectrum for design of multi-story steel buildings under multi-component seismic excitation." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.577.

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During an earthquake, buildings are simultaneously excited by three-components of ground motion (two horizontal and one vertical) orientations of which are not known apriori. To take account for the uncertainty in the direction of incidence of earthquake waves, a structure is required to be designed such that it is safe for all directions of incidence. For this purpose, the combined effects of two horizontal components of motion are commonly determined using simplified methods such as the percentage rules (e.g. 100%+30%, 100%+40%), square root of the sum of squares (SRSS) and Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC-3) rules. The modern building codes recommend to estimate the orthogonal response quantities for the individual horizontal component of motion using response spectrum superposition methods with design spectrum in the principal direction of motion. In the present paper, a new method is proposed to evaluate the maximum response of multi-story buildings under the simultaneous action of two horizontal components of ground motion using the concept of critical response spectrum. The critical response spectrum is computed using the resultant response of a bidirectional single degree of freedom system at each time step under the simultaneous action of the two horizontal components of motion. For an illustration of the proposed method, steel building asymmetric in the plan is analysed using critical response spectra of the three different pairs of recorded ground motion and the results obtained are validated by comparison with the exact time-history solutions. The exact response is taken as the maximum of the responses estimated by applying the two horizontal time-histories of ground acceleration at different angles from 0 to 180 degree with respect to the structural x-axis. On the other hand, in the response spectrum method, two values of the desired response quantity are obtained by applying the critical response spectrum along the x- and y-directions of the structure and are combined using SRSS method. It has been found that the use of the critical spectrum provides a very convenient method for estimating the maximum response under multi-component excitation without the need for computation of critical incident angle of incidence.

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30

Wang, Xue Ni, and Jing Zhou. "Application of Simulated Annealing Particle Swarm Optimization in Response Spectrum Fitting of Simulated Earthquake Wave." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 1082–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.1082.

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In order to get a simulated earthquake wave whose response spectrum fitted well to the smooth design response spectrum, a model was established by making the standard error between the response spectrum of simulated earthquake wave and the design response spectrum as the minimal optimization objective. Simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm, which was an improvement algorithm of particle swarm optimization, was used to solve the model. This spectrum fitting method was compared with the conventional spectrum fitting method, which adjusted Fourier amplitude spectrum in frequency domain. The results show that the method of response spectrum fitting by applying simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm has a good convergence. And the response spectrum of simulated earthquake wave generated by simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm agrees better with the design response spectrum than that by conventional spectrum fitting method.

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31

Kotowski, Adam. "A Method for Improving the Accuracy of Natural Frequency Measurement Using In-the-loop Computing." Measurement Science Review 21, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2021-0013.

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Abstract The method presented in the paper is based on in-the-loop computing applied for impulse response to obtain a spectrum with a much higher frequency resolution than using FFT. Then, higher spectrum frequency resolution results in greater accuracy in estimation of natural frequencies. The frequency resolution of estimated spectrum in this method is completely independent of the length of impulse response and, by extension, the method eliminates the problem of spectral resolution limitation using FFT due to finite length of recorded signals. This fact is very useful and is the main advantage of the proposed method. The results of the method have been shown and compared in quantitative terms to natural frequencies estimated using classical FFT with zero-padding as reference method.

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32

Liang, Cho-Chung, Min-Fang Yang, and Yuh-Shiou Tai. "Prediction of shock response for a quadrupod-mast using response spectrum analysis method." Ocean Engineering 29, no. 8 (July 2002): 887–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-8018(01)00062-2.

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33

Roy, R. Vale´ry, and P. D. Spanos. "Power Spectral Density of Nonlinear System Response: The Recursion Method." Journal of Applied Mechanics 60, no. 2 (June 1, 1993): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2900801.

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Spectral densities of the response of nonlinear systems to white noise excitation are considered. By using a formal solution of the associated Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation, response spectral densities are represented by formal power series expansion for large frequencies. The coefficients of the series, known as the spectral moments, are determined in terms of first-order response statistics. Alternatively, a J-fraction representation of spectral densities can be achieved by using a generalization of the Lanczos algorithm for matrix tridiagonalization, known as the “recursion method.” Sequences of rational approximations of increasing order are obtained. They are used for numerical calculations regarding the single-well and double-well Duffing oscillators, and Van der Pol type oscillators. Digital simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach can be quite reliable over large variations of the system parameters. Further, it is quite versatile as it can be used for the determination of the spectrum of the response of a broad class of randomly excited nonlinear oscillators, with the sole prerequisite being the availability, in exact or approximate form, of the stationary probability density of the response.

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34

Nan, Yu, Zhi Gang Song, and Shi Jiao. "Response Spectrum Analysis Method of Footbridge Lateral Vibration under Man-Bridge Interaction." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1165.

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Based on the uniform experimental design method and combining with the additional lateral pedestrian role derived from social force, this paper establishes human-bridge dynamic interaction model and calculates dynamic response of simply supported structures with different span, damping ratio, walking stride frequency and other parameters under the man-bridge dynamic interaction. The acceleration response spectrum is obtained by FFT transform of acceleration response. Then RMS-acceleration response spectrum is calculated in accordance with ISO overall frequency weighting method and the response spectrum envelope formula is fitted by parametric analysis.

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35

Chen, Lan, De Long Lu, and Xiao Gang Yin. "The Comparative Analysis on Calculation Methods of Vertical Seismic Response to Suspended-Dome Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.849.

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Based on the vertical seismic information, the vertical seismic response spectrum was calculated by Matlab Lsim function. The seismic effect of Kiewitt-Lamella suspended-dome was measured by dynamic to static ratio. According to the EL-Centro seismic wave, it analyzed and compared the dynamic to static ratios which were calculated by the following four vertical seismic calculation methods respectively: the simplified method of specification, the mode-superposition response spectrum methods based on the horizontal earthquake affecting coefficients and the vertical acceleration response spectrum respectively, and the time history analysis method. Analysis shows that: For the seismic effect, the time history analysis method is larger than the other three methods, and the method based on the vertical acceleration response spectrum is closer to the time history analysis method. Owing to large difference of the four methods for seismic effect, various methods should be adopted to ensure the safety of vertical seismic design.

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36

Xie, Q. F., H. Y. Li, R. Y. Tao, N. Li, S. J. Li, J. H. Liu, X. C. Lun, R. H. Bai, and B. H. Deng. "A novel polychromator calibration method for Thomson scattering diagnostics." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 073503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0088790.

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Polychromators are most frequently used in Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics to analyze the scattered light spectrum and intensity so that the plasma electron temperature (Te) and density (ne) can be derived. For Te measurements, the spectral response of the polychromator channels and the relative spectral responsivities need to be calibrated. The spectral response is calibrated with a bromine tungsten lamp and a monochromator in a conventional way. A novel method for calibrating the relative spectral responsivities of the polychromators is described in detail. A broadband pulsed Light Emission Diode (LED) is used, which has a spectral irradiance similar to that of the TS spectrum, and the LED can be driven in pulse mode with the pulse width similar to the TS signal pulse width of about 10–20 ns full width at half maximum. This new method allows for the calibration to be done after the polychromator is fully installed, and in situ system calibration can be easily performed, showing the advantages of accuracy, simplicity, efficiency, and flexibility. For ne measurements, absolute sensitivity calibration is done by Rayleigh scattering with argon gas. Formulas for calculating the plasma density from the calibration data and the polychromator signals from the off-laser wavelength channels are presented.

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37

FUKUDA, Tatsuki, Keiichi YANAGASE, and Takashi IWASA. "Approximate computing of shock response spectrum using reduced impedance method." Transactions of the JSME (in Japanese) 87, no. 896 (2021): 21–00036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/transjsme.21-00036.

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38

You, Jin-Sun, Won-Jik Yang, Waon-Ho Yi, and Hyoung-Joon Kim. "Propose of Capacity Spectrum Method by Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis." Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea 27, no. 6 (December 31, 2014): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7734/coseik.2014.27.6.501.

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39

Cho, Sung Gook, and Gihwan So. "In-Cabinet Response Spectrum Generation Using Frequency Domain Analysis Method." Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea 24, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5000/eesk.2020.24.2.103.

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Gao, Zhidong, Mi Zhao, Xiuli Du, M. Hesham El Naggar, and Junjie Wang. "Seismic analysis of underground structures employing extended response spectrum method." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 116 (October 2021): 104089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104089.

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MIURA, Kenji, Kohji KOYAMADA, and Masanori IIBA. "RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD FOR EVALUATING NONLINEAR AMPLIFICATION OF SURFACE STRATA." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 66, no. 539 (2001): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.66.57_1.

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Patil, Radhika S. "Seismic Analysis of Steel Frame Structure by Response Spectrum Method." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 927–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.31646.

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Trifunac, Mihailo D. "75th Anniversary of the response spectrum method—A historical review." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 28, no. 9 (September 2008): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.11.007.

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Chen, Huating, Ping Tan, and Fulin Zhou. "An improved response spectrum method for non-classically damped systems." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 15, no. 10 (April 29, 2017): 4375–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0144-4.

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Chen, W., M. Gu, and H. F. Xiang. "Study on buffeting response spectrum method for long span bridges." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 54-55 (February 1995): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)00032-9.

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Editor. "Response Spectrum Method in seismic analysis and design of structures." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 26, no. 3 (September 30, 1993): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.26.3.369.

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Yie, H. "Measurement method of pn junction depth using light spectrum response." Electronics Letters 27, no. 23 (1991): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19911358.

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Ragan, P., Š. Krnáč, and M. Fülöp. "Whole body gamma-spectrum analysis by the response operator method." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 209, no. 2 (October 1996): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02040460.

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Gao, Yufeng, Yongxin Wu, Dayong Li, Ning Zhang, and Fei Zhang. "An Improved Method for the Generating of Spectrum-Compatible Time Series Using Wavelets." Earthquake Spectra 30, no. 4 (November 2014): 1467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/051912eqs190m.

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Abstract:

In dynamic analyses of important structures, seismic input may be defined in the form of time series. It is required that the response spectrum of this input time series be compatible with a specified target response spectrum. Time domain spectral matching, which is used to generate spectrum compatible acceleration time series, is investigated in some detail. First, a new, improved wavelet is presented, and the new adjustment wavelet can prevent drifts in the resulting velocity and displacement time series without applying a baseline correction. Next, the analytical solution of the matrix accounting for the cross correlation of each wavelet is given in order to ensure the speed of the matching procedure. Finally, some aspects, such as the reduction factors and the matching order, are discussed to ensure the stability and efficiency of the matching procedure. Accordingly, the characteristics of the matching procedure are illustrated by numerical examples.

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Miao, Tian Ming, and Ying Zhou. "Research on Seismic Design and Modeling of City Viaduct." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.134.

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This paper gives the basic methods for the analysis of the seismic response of viaduct based on elastic-plastic response spectrum method, and established indicators correspond with the method of strength, deformation, basic displacement and other performance. Practical example shows that the elastic-plastic response spectrum analysis response can be careful examining structure of each target in strong earthquake action value, and compare with the nonlinear time-history analysis, the method is concise, efficient, stable, and has the statistical significance of spectrum analysis, that can be used as a city track traffic high bridge and practical method.

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