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Academic literature on the topic 'Respiratory parameters of lung'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

1

He, Zhong Hai, and Guang Shuai Zhu. "Adjustable Respiratory Mechanical Parameters Lung System for Medical Patient Simulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 4115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.4115.

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A lung simulator utilizing flow track to simulate spontaneous breathing is presented as an alternative to the existed lung system in the medical patient simulator. The hardware of simulator is similar and updated from Meka’s paper. The existing lung system can be divided into two main types. One is traditional bellows driven mechanical lung system, the other is bellow-less lung simulator driven by carinal pressure that to be controlled. Our lung simulator is upgraded from bellow-less simulator. The research focus on the flow pattern the lung simulator generated which can image the lung mechanical factors directly. The flow pattern of the lung simulator is modeled by transfer function combined with respiratory muscle pressure, which is the target that the bellow-less lung simulator to track. The target flow pattern is tracked by PID algorithm widely used in automation filed and realized by Control Design and Simulation module in LabVIEW. We simulate the normal respiratory motion by flow track in this study. The pathology breath flow can be simulated by change of resistance, compliance or muscle pressure, which is easy to adjust in the LabVIEW program.

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PERRY, STEVEN F. "Functional Morphology of the Lungs of the Nile Crocodile, Crocodylus Niloticus: Non-Respiratory Parameters." Journal of Experimental Biology 134, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.134.1.99.

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The complex, multicameral lungs of the Nile crocodile are characterized by rows of tubular chambers, which in cranial and ventral lung regions are broad and sac-like. The inner surface of the chambers is enhanced by cubicles (ediculae), the capillary-bearing walls of which are often perforated. Extrabronchial communication among chambers is infrequent. The ediculae end in a network of myoelastic trabeculae, which face the central lumen of the chambers. The trabecular epithelium is similar to that of mammalian bronchi and contains isolated endocrine-like cells basally, whereas the edicular epithelium is similar to that of other reptiles and of mammals. The distribution of non-vascular smooth muscle, 64% in trabeculae and 36% in interedicular walls, is consistent with the hypothesis that these two antagonistically oriented muscle groups interact to effect lung patency. The volume-specific lung compliance is similar to that of much simpler, unicameral gekko lungs, implying that lung compliance is a function of parenchymal structure and not of primary structural type.

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Sudeep Kale, Mangala Deshpande, Pandurang Thatkar, Sandeep Chaudhari, and Manisha Deshpande. "Study on correlation of inspiratory pulmonary function parameters with anthropometric parameters and analysis of pattern of inspiratory parameters at various age points in Indian Children." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 2062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i3.4813.

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The prevalence of lung diseases is increasing globally. Mortality, morbidity and respiratory disability are a growing health concern. The pulmonary function test is an accurate tool for detecting airway and lung abnormalities. Early diagnosis of respiratory disease is key to preventing mortality and morbidity. The current study has evaluated the relation of the anthropometric parameters and inspiratory parameters of pulmonary function test and also analyzed its behaviour over the growing age in Indian children. The current study included 2109 school-aged children aged 6 to 15. The height, weight, body mass index and body surface area were recorded. The spirometry was performed in accordance with the protocols. The parameters of the inspiratory flow volume loop were recorded. This study observed a good relation between the anthropometric parameters and inspiratory lung function parameters and the parameters were higher in males than in females. The behaviour of these parameters at various points of growing age was analyzed. This study revealed geographical, gender wise variation in the inspiratory parameters. The study also revealed different patterns of lung growth in boys and girls. Hence this study recommends to include inspiratory parameter assessment in the routine assessment of respiratory patients for early and accurate diagnosis of lung pathology in young children.

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Povodator, Arkadi, Vladimir Tsepelev, and Natali Kulikova. "Respiratory Parameters-Based Approach to Assessing Dust Loading." Key Engineering Materials 660 (August 2015): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.660.305.

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The idea of assessing the respiratory organs’ protection means has been considered, that takes into account the dust penetration coefficient and dynamics of the worker’s cardio respiratory parameters under working conditions. The individual samplers’ speed is proposed to be controlled by means of the lung ventilation while dust loading inside and outside the individual protection means is to be determined. This enables assessing them by a conventional performance factor taking into account cardio respiratory parameters as well.

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Lehtimäki, Lauri, Tuomas Karvonen, and Marieann Högman. "Clinical Values of Nitric Oxide Parameters from the Respiratory System." Current Medicinal Chemistry 27, no. 42 (December 16, 2020): 7189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200603141847.

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Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) concentration reliably reflects central airway inflammation, but it is not sensitive to changes in the NO dynamics in the lung periphery. By measuring FENO at several different flow rates one can estimate alveolar NO concentration (CANO), bronchial NO flux (JawNO), bronchial wall NO concentration (CawNO) and the bronchial diffusivity of NO (DawNO). Objective: We aimed to describe the current knowledge and clinical relevance of NO parameters in different pulmonary diseases. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search to identify publications reporting NO parameters in subjects with pulmonary or systemic diseases affecting the respiratory tract. A narrative review was created for those with clinical relevance. Results: Estimation of pulmonary NO parameters allows for differentiation between central and peripheral inflammation and a more precise analysis of central airway NO output. CANO seems to be a promising marker of parenchymal inflammation in interstitial lung diseases and also a marker of tissue damage and altered gas diffusion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and systemic diseases affecting the lung. In asthma, CANO can detect small airway involvement left undetected by ordinary FENO measurement. Additionally, CawNO and DawNO can be used in asthma to assess if FENO is increased due to enhanced inflammatory activity (increased CawNO) or tissue changes related to bronchial remodelling (altered DawNO). Conclusion: : NO parameters may be useful for diagnosis, prediction of disease progression and prediction of treatment responses in different parenchymal lung and airway diseases. Formal trials to test the added clinical value of NO parameters are needed.

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Al-Robaiy, Samiya, Bettina Weber, Andreas Simm, Claudius Diez, Paulina Rolewska, Rolf-Edgar Silber, and Babett Bartling. "The receptor for advanced glycation end-products supports lung tissue biomechanics." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 305, no. 7 (October 1, 2013): L491—L500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00090.2013.

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The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its soluble forms are predominantly expressed in lung but its physiological importance in this organ is not yet fully understood. Since RAGE acts as a cell adhesion molecule, we postulated its physiological importance in the respiratory mechanics. Respiratory function in a buffer-perfused isolated lung system and biochemical parameters of the lung were studied in young, adult, and old RAGE knockout (RAGE-KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Lungs from RAGE-KO mice showed a significant increase in the dynamic lung compliance and a decrease in the maximal expiratory air flow independent of age-related changes. We also determined lower mRNA and protein levels of elastin in lung tissue of RAGE-KO mice. RAGE deficiency did not influence the collagen protein level, lung capillary permeability, and inflammatory parameters (TNF-α, high-mobility group box protein 1) in lung. Overexpressing RAGE as well as soluble RAGE in lung fibroblasts or cocultured lung epithelial cells increased the mRNA expression of elastin. Moreover, immunoprecipitation studies indicated a trans interaction of RAGE in lung epithelial cells. Our findings suggest the physiological importance of RAGE and its soluble forms in supporting the respiratory mechanics in which RAGE trans interactions and the influence on elastin expression might play an important role.

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Horalskyi, L., N. Hlukhova, and I. Sokulskyi. "Morphological traits of rabbit lung." Scientific Horizons 93, no. 8 (2020): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33249/2663-2144-2020-93-8-180-188.

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In the article, following the results of complex methods (anatomic, histologic, organometric, histometric and statistical) researches are shown the features of morphological structure and morphometric parameters of the lungs of mature rabbits. It was found out, that macro- and microscopic architecture of rabbit lungs has similar histoarchitectonics, inherent in other species of farm animals of the class "mammals" and the characteristic features of morphological structures. Lungs in clinically healthy rabbits structurally reflect the shape of thoracic cavity and gradually expand ventrally. Subsequent to the results of performed organometry, the absolute lung mass of mature rabbits is 18,05±1,32 g, relative 0,624±0,013 %. The Right and left rabbit lungs are surrounded by pleural sacs (right and left): in rabbits pleural spaces of the right and left lungs are not connected. According to morphological and organometric investigations the rabbit lungs are relating to VIII type – the reduction of the superior lobe of left lung is observed, consequently right lung is more developed than left ( the length of right lung is 6,40±0,45 mm, the width – 3,54±0,30 mm, the thickness – 3,28±0,30 mm; the length of left lung is 6,84±0,40 mm; 4,18±0,30 mm and 1,52±0,30 mm relatively) and the coefficient of lung asymmetry (right to left) according to their absolute mass is 1.16. Although, rabbit lungs have dilatated base and superior. Right lung divides into four lobes – cranial (the superior), cardio, diaphragmatic and ancilla, left one divides into three lobes – the reduced superior, cardio and diaphragmatic. Histoarchitecture of lungs is formed by lobes of the lungs, that are separated by connective tissue, which contains blood and lymphatic vessels. Lung parenchyma is created by airways and respiratory divisions that blood vessels accompany to. Respiratory lung parenchyma is formed by respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar saccules, in which walls the alveolus are located and shape the alveolar tree. According to the analysis of histometry results, respiratory (breathing) lobe of lungs of experimental rabbits is 52,3± 0,62 %, connective tissue base – 69,6±1,27 %, and the average volume of alveolus (small, middle and big) is equal to 42,3±4,35 thousand mkm3.

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Bates, J. H., K. A. Brown, and T. Kochi. "Respiratory mechanics in the normal dog determined by expiratory flow interruption." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 6 (December 1, 1989): 2276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.6.2276.

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We recently proposed an eight-parameter model of the respiratory system to account for its mechanical behavior when flow is interrupted during passive expiration. The model consists of two four-parameter submodels representing the lungs and the chest wall, respectively. The lung submodel consists of an airways resistance together with elements embodying the viscoelastic properties of the lung tissues. The chest wall submodel has similar structure. We estimated the parameters of the model from data obtained in four normal, anesthetized, paralyzed, tracheostomized mongrel dogs. This model explains why lung tissue and chest wall resistances should be markedly frequency dependent at low frequencies and also permits a physiological interpretation of resistance measurements provided by the flow interruption method.

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Jayasekera, Shehan, Edward Hensel, and Risa Robinson. "Feasibility of Using the Hexoskin Smart Garment for Natural Environment Observation of Respiration Topography." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137012.

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Background: Limited research has been done to measure ambulatory respiratory behavior, in particular those associated with tobacco use, in the natural environment due to a lack of monitoring techniques. Respiratory topography parameters provide useful information for modeling particle deposition in the lung and assessing exposure risk and health effects associated with tobacco use. Commercially available Wearable Respiratory Monitors (WRM), such as the Hexoskin Smart Garment, have embedded sensors that measure chest motion and may be adapted for measuring ambulatory lung volume. Methods: Self-reported “everyday” and “some days” Hookah and Cigarette smokers were recruited for a 3-day natural environment observation study. Participants wore the Hexoskin shirt while using their preferred tobacco product. The shirt was calibrated on them prior to, during, and after the observation period. A novel method for calculating the calibration parameters is presented. Results: NH = 5 Hookah and NC = 3 Cigarette participants were enrolled. Calibration parameters were obtained and applied to the observed chest motion waveform from each participant to obtain their lung volume waveform. Respiratory topography parameters were derived from the lung volume waveform. Conclusion: The feasibility of using the Hexoskin for measuring ambulatory respiratory topography parameters in the natural environment is demonstrated.

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Kulkarni, Apoorva S., and Sheela N. "Methods to Evaluate Airway Resistance and Lung Compliance During Mechanical Ventilation: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 7 (August 6, 2020): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul666.

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Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving activity that is used in critical care management. In such case, monitoring of airway resistance(Raw) and lung compliance(CL) play a major role for diagnosing the lung condition, setting the ventilator parameters, can act as a decision parameter for weaning the patient from the ventilator. Several methods have been described for estimating these respiratory parameters. In this work, a study is conducted to compare two different methods used to calculate airway resistance and lung compliance during mechanical ventilation. Michigan Adult/Infant lung simulator is used to simulate different compliance conditions and Michigan Pneuflo Resistors to simulate different resistance conditions. Flow, volume and pressure data were logged for different set parameters i.e. for different resistance and compliance combinations. Later these data were used to calculate the respiratory system resistance and compliance. Two methods were used to calculate lung parameters, dynamic approach and Least Square fitting(LSF) method(using respiratory system equation of motion). Both methods gave accurate estimate of Raw and CL. But the dynamic approach required respiratory maneuver whereas LSF approach required large datasets to carry out the calculation and the patient should not show any active breathing during evaluation

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

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Ganzert, Steven [Verfasser]. "Data Analysis in respiratory physiology : Model detection, parameter extraction and prediction methods for lung protective ventilation / Steven Ganzert." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/110017768X/34.

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Radicioni, Erika. "L'efficacia della fisioterapia respiratoria sui parametri polmonari e funzionali nei pazienti con Spondilite Anchilosante: revisione della letteratura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21951/.

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Background: la spondilite anchilosante (SA) è una patologia infiammatoria sistemica cronica ad evoluzione progressiva ed anchilosante che colpisce principalmente le articolazioni sacro-iliache e lo scheletro assiale. Sono frequenti manifestazioni extra-articolari a livello polmonare, con quadri respiratori restrittivi e ridotta capacità funzionale. Il trattamento convenzionale prevede esercizi di mantenimento del ROM e allungamento muscolare. Ad oggi non sono presenti studi a sufficienza sul miglioramento della funzione polmonare e della capacità di esercizio in questi pazienti. Obiettivo: verificare l’efficacia della fisioterapia respiratoria rispetto all’usual care in termini di funzionalità polmonare e capacità funzionale nei pazienti con SA. Metodi: la ricerca è stata condotta tra marzo 2020 e ottobre 2020 attraverso le seguenti banche dati biomediche: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PEDro. Sono stati applicati i seguenti criteri di inclusione, senza limiti temporali: RCT in lingua italiana o inglese e con punteggio ≥ 5 secondo la PEDro Scale, che trattano l’efficacia della fisioterapia respiratoria nella SA rispetto al trattamento convenzionale, in termini di outcome funzionali e respiratori. Risultati: Sono stati inclusi sei RCT. Le misure di outcome erano: mobilità spinale, capacità aerobica, capacità funzionale, capacità di esercizio, funzionalità polmonare, forza dei muscoli respiratori e attività della malattia. Conclusioni: sia la fisioterapia respiratoria che l’usual care risultano efficaci nella mobilità spinale, capacità funzionale e attività di malattia. La fisioterapia respiratoria determina benefici ulteriori soprattutto nella capacità aerobica e di esercizio, ed in misura minore in termini di espansione toracica, funzionalità polmonare e forza dei muscoli respiratori. Un programma di fisioterapia respiratoria associato al trattamento convenzionale ha effetti positivi nella riabilitazione della SA. Sono necessari ulteriori studi a riguardo.

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ChacoÌn-Chaves, Ronald Alfredo. "Respiratory function after lung transplantation." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247836.

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Heeley, Emma Louise. "Lung surfactant and secretory phospholipase Aâ†2 in inflammatory lung disorders." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323970.

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Collier, Clare Georgina. "Factors affecting lung clearance kinetics." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253714.

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Ward, Katie. "Respiratory impairment in stroke patients : lung function, respiratory muscles, voluntary and reflex cough." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/respiratory-impairment-in-stroke-patients(25ebe631-2023-4477-89fc-2e3162303e95).html.

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Stroke is a major public health problem and stroke patients suffer much mortality and morbidity due to chest infections, especially in the acute period. Chest infections are associated with respiratory muscle weakness and poor cough. We studied ischaemic hemispheric stroke patients within two weeks of their first-ever stroke to investigate their respiratory physiology, volitional and non-volitional respiratory muscle strength and voluntary and reflex cough function. -- Patients were weak on voluntary but not involuntary tests of expiratory muscle function. They were also impaired on tests of both voluntary and reflex cough. The data we collected suggests that impairment may be due in part to ineffective coordination of the complex cough manoeuvre, following cerebral ischaemia. -- To further investigate the underlying reasons for impaired cough flow we studied functional residual capacity (FRC) in a group of stroke patients with mild impairments. In the semi-recumbent position patients’ FRC was significantly lowered, compared with healthy controls even in these acute patients little residual disability. The low FRC was strongly associated with low cough inspired volume and low cough inspired volume was associated with poor cough flow. -- Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to investigate the corticomotor projection to the abdominal muscles. We also designed a cough training protocol to be tried initially in the lab, to see if there is an effect of cough training on corticomotor excitability. This was a feasibility study in two patients; we make recommendations to increase the training duration to ten minutes and suggest how TMS could be used to assess the effect of training on corticomotor excitability. If an effect is shown in the lab across a number of patients, the training regimen could then be tried over longer periods in a clinical trial.

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Barry, Simon Mark Elliot. "Lymphocyte responses to respiratory pathogens in the lung." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409576.

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Rocksʹen, David. "Acute lung injury : study of pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions /." Umeå : Univ, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161.

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Bedford, Laura Elizabeth. "The emotional impact of screening for lung cancer." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47077/.

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Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Population-based lung cancer screening programmes have been initiated in the USA and could soon be implemented in other countries. The overarching purpose of this thesis was to explore the emotional impact of lung cancer screening. The research was conducted as part of a clinical trial that was investigating the effectiveness of a blood autoantibody test, EarlyCDT®-Lung, in identifying individuals at the risk of lung cancer. A systematic review was conducted that aimed to identify factors associated with the emotional impact of screening for lung cancer. Participants with indeterminate test results, current smokers and females were more likely to experience negative non-specific and specific emotional outcomes. In addition to highlighting several key factors associated with higher levels of emotional distress following screening, factors that warranted further research were also identified. Such factors included age, education level, marital status, ethnic origin, and perceived risk of developing lung cancer. Finally, important methodological and theoretical limitations in the literature were identified. One key methodological limitation was that no studies measured positive emotional outcomes. A longitudinal study was conducted exploring the impact of lung cancer screening on positive affect, negative affect, lung cancer worry and distress specific to screening for lung cancer. Participants from each of the EarlyCDT®-positive, EarlyCDT®-negative, and control groups completed questionnaires containing emotional outcome measures at pre-randomisation and then at one, three, six and 12 months post randomisation. Scores for each outcome measure were described by groups over time and multilevel regression modelling was used to compare scores over time within and between groups. Results were reassuring as screening was found to have no clinically important impact on positive affect, negative affect, frequency of lung cancer worry or impact of lung cancer worry on mood and ability to perform daily activities. Although screening specific distress in the EarlyCDT®-positive group was significantly higher than that of the EarlyCDT®-negative group, it did reduce over time. Statistically significant and clinically important increases in the proportion of participants reporting anxiety about the results of future tests/treatments were identified. As a result of this finding, a further study was carried out to identify factors that could influence an individual’s level of anxiety about the results of future tests/treatment. Participants more at risk of reporting anxiety about the results of future tests/treatment were younger participants, non-white participants, current smokers and participants who did not own or have a mortgage on their home. Psychological variables associated with increased anxiety were: higher general anxiety scores, higher depression scores, higher negative affect scores, participants who reported that they were upset when they thought about their risk of lung cancer, participants who were worried about getting lung cancer, and those who reported the highest impact of lung cancer worry on mood and ability to perform daily activities. The final chapter of this thesis presents the results of a randomised controlled trial embedded within the emotional outcomes study (described above), which evaluated the effect of timing of monetary incentives (£5 voucher sent with questionnaire vs. £5 voucher sent on receipt of questionnaire) on the following outcomes: study participation rates, questionnaire response rates over time, the number of reminders sent and the completeness of returned questionnaires over time. Previous research had found that monetary incentives were useful in increasing response rates in clinical trials. Results from this trial extended the evidence base by showing that the timing of monetary incentives makes no difference to the above outcomes. In each chapter the findings of this thesis are discussed in terms of their contribution to knowledge. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice are also made within each chapter.

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Hale, Tudor. "Lung gas mixing efficiency in exercise." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1987. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842928/.

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The aim of this thesis was to examine the effects of exercise on gas mixing in the lung during exercise. There were four major stages. Firstly, the existing equipment used with resting subjects was applied to the exercising subject and was found to be inappropriate. Secondly, an in-line system of measuring flow and gas concentration was devised. Thirdly this system was validated with the aid of a physical model and resting subjects. Finally, nitrogen wash-out data were collected from 24 subjects at rest and during progressive exercise at three standard exercise intensities. The dynamic response characteristics of the bag-in-box spirometer at high breathing frequencies (50 min-1) were such that tidal volume was underestimated by almost 50%. The box was too small and its response too a linear for adequate correction factors to be applied. The in-line system, based on a linear relationship between flow and several argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen mixtures ( r = + 0.99, p < 0.01 , Y = 0.2687 FAr + 0.995 ), measured tidal volumes reliably ( CV < 1% ) when expired flow was maintained at 35° C. Thirty-six wash-outs of a 2.4 litre bell jar produced a mean value of 2.461 litres ( SD. 0.034, CV. 1.4% ). The capacity of the in-line system to measure gas mixing efficiency reliably was tested on resting subjects ( six trials each on two days ). Mean values were 76.7% ( SD. 7-5% ) and 76.8% ( SD 4.7% ); mean CV for all trials was 8%. Progressive exercise resulted in significant reduction in lung volume as measured by recovered nitrogen; there was evidence that at the greatest exercise intensity all the nitrogen was not recovered. Decreased diffusion time as a result of greater respiratory frequency may have been responsible. The significantly greater tidal volumes and respiratory frequencies observed on exercise resulted in bigger minute volumes. Both series and alveolar deadspaces increased, but the greater minute volume more than compensated for the growing dead spaces, and so the inspired volume available for mixing was increased. Ventilatory and gas mixing efficiency improved significantly as exercise progressed, but the greatest improvement occurred at the first power output of 50W; thereafter, there was very little change in gas mixing efficiency in spite of three-fold increase in ventilation. It is possible that gas mixing efficiency functions optimally at FRC and that, unlike some other physiological measures, there is little reserve capacity. However, the possibility of gas mixing deficiencies at maximal exercise leading to a ventilatory limit to maximal oxygen uptake remains, and this issue still needs to be investigated.

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Books on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

1

Shiner, Robert J. Lung function tests. Edinburgh: Elsevier, 2012.

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1926-, Berte John B., ed. Critical care--the lung. 2nd ed. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1986.

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T, Schumacker Paul, ed. Respiratory physiology: Basics and applications. Philadephia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1993.

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Lehrer, Steven. Understanding lung sounds. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1993.

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1954-, Novick Richard J., and Veldhuizen, Ruud A. W., 1965-, eds. Surfactant in lung injury and lung transplantation. Austin: R.G. Landes, 1997.

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Nigerian Thoracic Society. Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference. Curtailing the scourge of common lung infections in Nigeria. Ilorin, Nigeria: Nigeria Thoracic Society, 2012.

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Costello, J. F. An atlas of lung infections. Carnforth, Lancs: Parthenon Pub. Group, 1995.

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1949-, Lebowitz Leon C., and Schluger Neil W. 1959-, eds. Respiratory care pearls. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 1997.

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Society, European Respiratory, ed. Lung function testing. Sheffield, UK: European Respiratory Society, 2005.

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Wilkins, Robert L. Lung sounds: A practical guide. St. Louis: Mosby, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

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Yamashiro, Stanley M., and Fred S. Grodins. "Consequences of Lung Volume Optimization on Exercise Hyperpnea." In Modeling and Parameter Estimation in Respiratory Control, 39–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0621-4_4.

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Meraz, E., H. Nazeran, M. Goldman, and B. Diong. "Respiratory System Model Parameters Track Changes in Lung Function after Bronchodilation." In IFMBE Proceedings, 319–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01697-4_113.

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Diong, Bill, Michael D. Goldman, and Homer Nazeran. "Respiratory Impedance Values in Adults Are Relatively Insensitive to Mead Model Lung Compliance and Chest Wall Compliance Parameters." In IFMBE Proceedings, 201–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14998-6_51.

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Diong, B., J. Grainger, M. D. Goldman, and H. Nazeran. "Respiratory Impedance Values in Young Asthmatic Children Are Relatively Insensitive to Mead Model Lung Compliance and Chest Wall Compliance Parameters." In IFMBE Proceedings, 733–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14515-5_187.

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Foster, Patrick Anthony, and James A. Roelofse. "Respiratory Parameters." In Databook of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, 55–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72655-2_5.

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Frenkel, J. K. "Pneumocystosis, Lung, Rat." In Respiratory System, 218–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96846-4_37.

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Jariwalla, G. "Fibrotic lung disorders." In Respiratory Diseases, 195–205. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4880-8_13.

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Frenkel, J. K. "Pneumocystosis, Lung, Rat." In Respiratory System, 331–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61042-4_39.

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Lai-Fook, Stephen J. "Lung Tissue Mechanics." In Respiratory Biomechanics, 39–43. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3452-4_4.

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Christian, Couture. "Lung cancer." In Applied Respiratory Pathophysiology, 207–22. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315177052-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

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Chhabra, Sudhaker, and Ajay K. Prasad. "Effect of Geometric and Dynamic Parameters on Fluid Flow and Particle Dispersion in Human Lung Acini." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204757.

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Breathing, defined as the exchange of gases between the respiratory system and the environment, is an essential process for life. The human respiratory system can be divided into three parts: (i) nose, mouth, and nasopharynx, (ii) trachea, and (iii) lungs. The human lung can be further subdivided into conducting airways which are non-alveolated and comprise the upper part of lung, and the acini which consist of flexible, alveolated airways and are responsible for gas exchange [1]. The alveoli collectively provide a large surface area (∼70 m2) for efficient gas exchange [1]; oxygen diffuses into the blood through the alveolar epithelium, whereas carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction from the blood to the lung.

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Reddy, P., and A. M. Al-Jumaily. "Quantifying the Effect of Pressure Oscillations on the Respiratory System: An Engineering Approach." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-16241.

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The use of respiratory support devices using pressure oscillations has been shown to improve alveolar recruitment in animals and provide clinical benefits over traditional ventilators to infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The interactions and mechanisms of human lungs with such "bubble oscillation" (BO) devices is unknown. A simple mathematical model of the respiratory system and a BO type device is developed to explore the use of a new assessment parameter to study the effect of the pressure oscillations on lung performance. A mean square spectral density (MSSD) approach is employed in an attempt to observe the contribution of each pressure oscillation frequency on the work rate of unhealthy lungs. Further improvements to the respiratory system model are suggested for more detailed studies into human lung interactions with BO type devices.

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Saatci, Esra, and Aydin Akan. "Respiratory parameter estimation in linear lung models." In 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2008.4649151.

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Hou, Saing Paul, Nader Meskin, and Wassim M. Haddad. "A general multicompartment lung mechanics model with nonlinear resistance and compliance respiratory parameters." In 2014 American Control Conference - ACC 2014. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6858672.

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Denisova, Nina, Larisa Kiryukhina, Natalia Nefedova, Grigorii Kudriashov, Eugeniy Sokolovich, and Piotr Yablonskii. "Predicted versus observed respiratory parameters after lung resection in different postoperative periods in pulmonary tuberculosis patients." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1093.

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Eriksson, E., and B. Risberg. "CAN THE RESPIRATORY PATTERN INFLUENCE FIBRINOLYSIS ?" In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643124.

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Pulmonary endothelium produce large amounts of tissue plasminogen activators (t-PA) and presumably activator inhibitors (PAI). Any systemic role of this pulmonary production is unknown. Previous studies in dogs have demonstrated that respiratory pattern influenced the fibrinolytic activity in blood. Plasminogen activators were thought to be released from lungs. Too study if similar conditions existed in man we evaluated the fibrinolytic response in surgical patients during various pattern of mechanical ventilation. Twelve patients undergoing infrarenal aortic reconstruction were evaluated. Blood samples were taken from the pulmonary artery and a radial artery before and at various times during surgery. Mechanical ventilation with varied levels of PEEP (0, 5, 10 and 15 cm H2O) was used. Samples were taken in ice-cooled EDTA vacutainers and the blood was centrifuged at 8000 g for 2 min. Plasma was frozen at −70° C for later analysis. Fibrinolytic activity was monitored by analysis of ECLT, t-PA activity, t-PA antigen (ELISA) and PAI activity. During surgery ECLT and t-PA activity were below detectable levels. t-PA antigen was at baseline 9-18 ng/ml and increased transiently early during surgery with 3.9 ± 1..0 ng/ml in the radial artery and 3.2 ± 1.9 ng/ml in the pulmonary artery (mean ± SEM). PAI was at baseline 2.0 - 35.2 IU. During surgery it increased significantly with 43.6 ± 8.6 IU/ml in the radial artery and 36.9 ± 9.6 IU/ml (mean ± SEM). There were nc gradients over the lung in either t-PA antigen or PAI. PEEP at levels from 0-15 cm H2O did not affect the measured parameters. Thus, during surgery there was a transient increase in t-PA antigen and a progressive increase in PAI, both pulmonary independent. The respiratory pattern did not influence the fibrinolytic system and could unlikely be an important factor in resolution of pulmonary emboli.

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Lee, Po-Chih, Charles Ledonio, A. Noelle Larson, Arthur Erdman, and David Polly. "Thoracic Volumes Correlated With Pulmonary Function Tests in Adult Scoliosis Patients Following Different Treatments in Adolescence." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3364.

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In clinical settings, doctors classify pulmonary disorders into two main categories, obstructive lung disease and restrictive lung disease. The former is characterized by the airway obstruction which is associated with several disorders like chronic bronchitis, asthma, bronchiectasis, and emphysema [1]. The latter is caused by different conditions where one of the triggers is tied to the spine deformity. In general, a pulmonary function test (PFT) [2] is used to evaluate and diagnose lung function, and physicians depend on the test results to identify the disease patterns of the patients (obstructive or restrictive lung disease). In the PFT, some parameters including total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC), and residual volume (RV) can infer the lung volume and lung capacity. Other parameters, such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), are often employed to assess the pulmonary mechanics. Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine which involves not only the curvature from side to side but also an axial rotation of the vertebrae. Restrictive lung disease often happens in scoliosis patients, especially with severe spine deformity. Spine deformity if left untreated may lead to progression of the spinal curve, respiratory complications, and the reduction of life expectancy due to the decrease in thoracic volume for lung expansion. However, the relationship between thoracic volume and pulmonary function is not broadly discussed, and anatomic abnormalities in spine deformity (ex: scoliosis, kyphosis, and osteoporosis) can affect thoracic volume. Adequate thoracic volume is needed to promote pulmonary function. Previous literature has shown that the deformity of the thoracic rib cage will have detrimental effects on the respiratory function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients [3–4]. In this paper, we aim to correlate thoracic volume and the parameters in PFTs in adult scoliosis patients 25–35 years after receiving treatments during their adolescence, either with physical bracing or spinal fusion surgery.

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Chen, Jim S., and Jinho Kim. "Micro Particle Transport and Deposition in Human Upper Airways." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42928.

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The hazard caused by inhaled particles depends on the site at which they deposit within the respiratory system. Knowledge of respiratory aerosol deposition rates and locations is necessary to (1) evaluate potential health effects and establish critical exposure limits and (2) design effective inhaled medications that target specific lung regions. Particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter can be breathed into lungs and are known as inhalable particles, while most of larger particles settle in mouth and nose. Inhalable particles settle in different regions of the lungs and the settling regions depends on the particle size. The motion of a particle is mainly affected by the inertia of the particle and by the particle’s aerodynamic drag. The most important dimensionless parameters in the prediction of particle motion are the flow Reynolds number and the Stoke number, which combines the effects of particle diameter, particle density, shape factor and slip factor. The purpose of this study is to investigate the airflows in human respiratory airways. The influence of particle size on transport and deposition patterns in the 3-D lung model of the human airways is the primary concern of this research. The lung model developed for this research extends from the trachea to the segmental bronchi and it is based on Weibel’s model. The velocity field of air is studied and particle transport and deposition are compared for particles in the diameter range of 1 μm – 100 μm (G0 to G2) and 0.1 μm – 10 μm (G3 to G5) at airflow rates of 6.0, 16.7, and 30.0 L/min, which represent breathing at rest, light activity, and heavy activity, respectively. The investigation is carried out by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using the software Fluent 6.2. Three-dimensional, steady, incompressible, laminar flow is simulated to obtain the flow field. The discrete phase model (DPM) is then employed to predict the particle trajectories and the deposition efficiency by considering drag and gravity forces. In the present study, the Reynolds number in the range of 200 – 2000 and the Stoke number in the range of 10−5 – 0.12 are investigated. For particle size over 10 μm, deposition mainly occurs by inertial impaction, where deposition generally increases with increases in particle size and flow rate. Most of the larger micron sized particles are captured at the bifurcations, while submicron sized particles flow with the fluid into the lung lower airways. The trajectories of submicron sized particles are strongly influenced by the secondary flow in daughter branches. The present results of particle deposition efficiency in the human upper airways compared well with data in the literature.

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Kuran Aslan, Goksen, Ozge Ertan, Buket Akinci, Pinar Odevoglu, Melike Saritas, and Nigar Gulfer Okumus. "The relationship between six minutes walking work, respiratory parameters and activities of daily life in patients with interstitial lung disease." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa1482.

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Muradoglu, Metin, and Ufuk Olgac. "Computational Modeling of Surfactant-Laden Liquid Plug Propagation in Capillary Tubes." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73039.

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Pulmonary surfactant is of essential importance in reducing the surface tension on the liquid film that coats the inner surface of the airways and thus making the lung more compliant. Surfactant-deficiency may result in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is especially common in prematurely born neonates. Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) is a standard treatment, in which a liquid plug with exogenous surfactant is instilled in the trachea, which subsequently propagates by inspiration and spreads the exogenous surfactant to the airways. The efficacy of the treatment depends on various parameters such as the size of the liquid plug, inspiration frequency and the physical properties of the exogenous surfactant. Unsteady simulations are performed to study surfactant-laden liquid plug propagation using finite difference/front-tracking method in order to shed light on the surfactant replacement therapy.

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Reports on the topic "Respiratory parameters of lung"

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Charlesworth, Michael, and Julian Barker. Causes and management of surgically induced respiratory syndrome and other acute lung injury. BJUI Knowledge, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18591/bjuik.0703.

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Freed, Alan D., Daniel R. Einstein, James P. Carson, and Rick E. Jacob. Viscoelastic Model for Lung Parenchyma for Multi-Scale Modeling of Respiratory System, Phase II: Dodecahedral Micro-Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1040678.

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Freed, Alan D., and Daniel R. Einstein. Viscoelastic Model for Lung Parenchyma for Multi-Scale Modeling of Respiratory System Phase I: Hypo-Elastic Model for CFD Implementation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013297.

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Boddicker, Nick, Dorian J. Garrick, James M. Reecy, Bob Rowland, Max F. Rothschild, Juan Pedro Steibel, Joan K. Lunney, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. Genetic Parameters and Chromosomal Regions Associated with Viral Load and Growth in Pigs Infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-150.

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High impact: silica, lung cancer, and respiratory disease quantitative risk. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2011120.

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