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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Respiratory organs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Svantesson, Cecilia. "Respiratory mechanics during mechanical ventilation in health and in disease." Lund : Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Lund University, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38987113.html.

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2

Reynolds, Paul N. "The role of tachykinins in airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr464.pdf.

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3

王敏 and Min Wang. "Control of vascular reactivity of the nasal circulation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241153.

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4

Wang, Min. "Control of vascular reactivity of the nasal circulation /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22233222.

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5

Kwok, Sau-man. "Analysis on the links between housing and respiratory health of residents in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B3793563X.

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6

Yip, Ming-shum. "Immune responses of human respiratory epithelial cells to respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3955725X.

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7

Yu, Peng. "Air pollution and respiratory disease incidence of Guangzhou a study of spatial interpolation methods using GIS, 2003-2004 /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41633799.

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8

Graham, Neil M. H. "Psychosocial factors in the epidemiology of acute respiratory infection /." Title page, contents, thesis synopsis and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdg741.pdf.

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9

Yip, Ming-shum, and 葉名琛. "Immune responses of human respiratory epithelial cells to respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3955725X.

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10

Pinnock, Carole B. "Vitamin A status and susceptibility to respiratory illness /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php656.pdf.

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11

Powell, Tom. "Work of breathing in exercise and disease." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/work-of-breathing-in-exercise-and-disease(51104f52-5c03-4a4a-8c0a-f951fdf6388e).html.

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This thesis is focussed on developing new methods and outcomes to assess respiratory function that require little or no volitional effort on behalf of the participants being tested. Specifically to attempt to detach the behaviour of the patient from the accuracy of the test of respiratory function, resulting in techniques that are simpler and easier to administer and undertake for both assessor and participant. It aims to develop methods that reduce the involvement of the participant during assessment of respiratory function. The human body’s way of controlling respiration has evolved into a sophisticated system that optimises breathing pattern to maintain the most efficient homeostatic action of the respiratory system. Eliciting and assessing this automatic response is the key to removing the action of participation from respiratory functiontesting. The focus must therefore be on developing non-invasive, sub-maximal techniques that allow participants to enter into a steady state of respiration and how this can be assessed. Two techniques were investigated; Respiratory Endurance (as the inspiratory work of breathing) and Tidal Breathing Flow Profile, and these were successfully applied in 99 adult participants (68 healthy controls and 31 COPD patients) and 75 children (48 clinical group and 27 healthy controls) who completed 467 respiratory endurance trials whilst seated and exercising, and 249 relaxed tidal breathing trials. The difficulties with lung function assessment are well established and have been described in this thesis. Much recent emphasis has been put on developing existing devices and protocols rather than developing new techniques and approaching these difficulties from alternative viewpoints. This thesis has described the development of innovative techniques to assess the function of the respiratory systems that aim to overcome the issues associated with maximal testing. It was shown that these techniques are easy to undertake for a range of participants, simple to analyse and are able to reliably differentiate between health and disease, suggesting that they could become a useful adjunct to existing methods of respiratory assessment.

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12

Linneweber, Gerit Arne. "Interactions between the nervous, digestive and respiratory systems in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648735.

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13

Paudyal, Priyamvada. "Respiratory symptoms and lung function in relation to cotton dust and endotoxin exposure in textile workers in Nepal." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166944.

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Background: Cotton workers are highly exposed to organic dust. Inhalation of cotton based particulate has been associated with various respiratory symptoms and impaired lung function. This study investigates the respiratory health profile of textile mill workers in Nepal in relation to dust and endotoxin exposure. Methods: This study was conducted in four sectors (garment, carpet, weaving and recycling) of the textile industry in Kathmandu, Nepal. A total of 938 individuals completed a health questionnaire and performed spirometry. A subset of 384 workers performed cross-shift spirometry. Personal exposure to inhalable dust and airborne endotoxin was measured during a full-shift for a 114 workers. Results: Geometric mean concentrations of personal exposure to cotton dust and endotoxin were 0.81 mg/m3 and 2160 EU/m3 respectively. Overall prevalence of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, wheeze, breathlessness and chest tightness were 8.5%, 12.5%, 3.2%, 6.5%and 3.6% respectively. Symptoms were most common among the recyclers and less in the garment sector. Exposure to inhalable dust significantly predicted the symptoms of persistent cough and chest tightness. Significant cross-shift reduction in FEV1, FVC, and FEF25_75 were measured in the textile workers (p<0.001 for all); reductions being greater in the recyclers (-143 ml) and smallest in the garment workers (-38 ml) (p=0.012). Cross-shift reduction in FEV1 was significantly predicated by exposure to inhalable dust. Exposure to endotoxin did not correlate with any of the respiratory symptoms nor to lung function. Conclusion: The measured association between exposure to inhalable dust and reporting of respiratory symptoms and lung function suggests that despite high levels of endotoxin exposures, inhalable dust is the driver for these effects and attention should turn to what might be the toxic component in this dust other than endotoxin.

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14

Laing, Ingrid A. "Candidate gene approach to investigating airway inflammation and asthma /." Connect to this title, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0097.

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15

Zhao, Hanjun, and 赵旵军. "A study of antiviral peptides with broad activity against respiratory viruses." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/205838.

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A safe, potent and broad-spectrum antiviral is urgently needed to combat emerging viral respiratory diseases such as avian influenza H5N1 and H7N9, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Previous studies carried out by PhD students in our lab found that mouse β-defenisn 4 (mBD4) shows highly antiviral activity in vitro. However, the recombinant mBD4 (rmBD4) expressed by E.coli is limited to very small scale of production and is very expensive. Thus, in this study, we firstly screened 16 short peptides derived from mBD4 and other mouse and human β-defensins for identifying their antiviral effects. One short peptide P9 (30 amino acids), derived from mBD4, exhibited potent and broad-spectrum antiviral effects against multiple respiratory viruses, including influenza A viruses H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N7 and H7N9, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)and MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This P9 showed very high selectivity index (970), which was higher than that of the full-length peptide of synthetic mBD4 (smBD4) and rmBD4 in vitro. Secondly, the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of P9 against the infection of H1N1 virus were further detected in animal model. The survival rate of P9-pretreated mice challenged by lethal dose of H1N1 virus was 100%. The therapeutic effects of P9 protecting mice from lethal challenge of H1N1 virus were also statistically significant. The survival rate of mice could reach up to 67% by intranasal inoculation and 56% by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. To investigate the antiviral mechanism, we firstly elucidated that P9 could inhibit viral infection but not viral replication or release. Secondly, we detected whether P9 inhibited viral infection by binding to the surface of target cells or viral particles. The results showed that P9 only bound to viral particles but not to the cell surface. It was further identified that P9 bound to viral surface glycoprotein HA but not NA. Thirdly, we demonstrated that P9 did not inhibit virus binding to its receptor and block the virus entry into cells by endocytosis. Instead, P9 inhibited the acidification in late endosomes and thusP9 blocked virus-membrane fusion and subsequent viral disassembly and viral RNA release. Finally, we elucidated that the antiviral activity of P9 was attributed to its high binding affinity to viral HA and the abundance of basic amino acids in its composition. In this study, we have demonstrated that a short peptide P9, which is derived from mBD4, showed potent antiviral activity against multiple respiratory viruses. This peptide can be developed to a new promising prophylactic and therapeutic agent with broad-spectrum antiviral activity and low possibility to cause drug resistance. Moreover, this study has also revealed a novel antiviral mechanism for P9 and paved a path for the development of new antiviral agents with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against emerging respiratory viruses, such as avian influenza H5N1 and H7N9, as well as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
published_or_final_version
Microbiology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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16

Hou, Huie-ming. "Long-term study of sleep apnoea patients treated with MAD /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31596332.

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17

Chaturvedi, Rakesh K. "Reasoning about therapeutic and patient management plans in respiratory medicine by physicians & medical students." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41562.

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Recently, there has been extensive research in the area of diagnostic expertise. The model of diagnostic reasoning and clinical expertise has been well documented (Patel et al., in press). This study attempts to extend this research in order to include therapeutic reasoning. Using the expert-novice paradigm, this study attempts to investigate the use of knowledge, specifically, both biomedical and clinical sciences, and the directionality of reasoning during decision making about patient management and therapeutic planning in respiratory medicine.
Subjects at four levels of expertise were given two clinical problems with the diagnosis and asked (a) to provide therapeutic plans, and (b) describe the underlying pathophysiological explanations of the diseases. Think-aloud protocols were audio-taped and analyzed using methods of protocol analysis. The results showed that the use of basic medical sciences increased as a function of expertise in the procedure-oriented decision-making tasks. The novices generated rule-based prototypical textbook descriptions based on the clinical information, and the diagnosis given in the task. In contrast, the experts' therapeutic responses showed a predominance of causal-level inferences, reflecting more backward-directed inferences than novices. Although both the novices and experts generated forward-directed inferences, the novices were unable to provide accurate and adequate explanations for their decisions. Finally, the pathophysiological explanations of the disease were generated from a different knowledge source than that used to develop therapeutic decisions.
The implications of these findings for development of theory of expertise and for education in the medical domain are discussed.

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18

Liang, Yuanxin. "Respiration monitoring with a fibre optic sensor." Swinburne Research Bank, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/47121.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Centre for Atom Physics an Ultra-fast Spectroscopy, 2008.
A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Engineering, Centre for Atom Physics an Ultra-fast Spectroscopy, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 143-149.

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19

Kendall, Lonnie Vern. "The host immune response to the cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus and immunopathogensis [i.e. immunopathogenesis] of disease /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974646.

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20

Kendall, Lonnie Vern. "The host immune response to the cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus and immunopathogensis [sic] of disease." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974646.

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21

Steyn, Helena. "Investigation of the cytotoxic potential and anti-inflammatory properties of Euphorbia hirta alone and in combination with Selenium in vitro." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02172010-184404/.

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22

Soh, Kim Lam. "Knowledge about nosocomial pneumonia prevention among critical care nurses in New Zealand a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Health Science, Auckland University of Technology, September 2003 /." Full thesis. Abstract, 2003. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/SohK.pdf.

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Thesis (MHSc--Health Science) -- Auckland University of Technology, 2003.
Appendix B not included in e-thesis. Also held in print (128 leaves, 30 cm.) in Akoranga Theses Collection. (T 610.7361 SOH)

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23

岑海音 and Hoi-yum Irma Shum. "Interactions of pseudomonas aeruginosa toxins with respiratory mucosa in vitro." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244725.

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24

Bonin, Aly Hassan Marie-Claire. "Studies on the respiratory metabolism of the marine bacterium Alteromonas haloplanktis." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72490.

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25

Warren, Nicholas J. "A multi-scale computational model of fluid transport in the human bronchial airways /." e-Thesis University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5773.

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Thesis (PhD--Bioengineering)--University of Auckland, 2010.
"Supervised by Dr. AP M.H. Tawhai and Dr E.J. Crampin." " A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Bioengineering." "Auckland Bioengineering Institute." Includes bibliographical references (p. 204-255).

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26

Lee, Kathleen F. "Clinical competencies required for graduates of an entry-level associate degree respiratory care program to practice competently." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1247887.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the complete scope, cognitive, affective and psychomotor, of clinical competencies required for the successful practice by entry-level associate degree respiratory care graduates entering the workforce. The study was conducted using a Delphi technique. American Association for Respiratory Care House of Delegates nominated a panel of experts to participate in the study. A total of 55 individuals were nominated and 21 agree to participate in the study. The individuals represented both college-based educators and hospital managers and educators. The initial questionnaire requested that each panel member list those cognitive, affective and psychomotor clinical competencies that they believed to be required for successful entrylevel practice. The responses from the first round were grouped into like categories and returned to the panel members to be rated on a four-point scale during the second and third rounds of the study. Consensus was achieved with the third round resulting in a final list of 26 cognitive, 20 affective and 28 psychomotor clinical competencies. The final list of competencies includes the most basic cognitive and psychomotor skills of the profession and did not include many of the areas listed by the National Board for Respiratory Care exam matrix. The study also lists 20 affective attributes as essential for successful practice. There are no current standardized methods in use to evaluate affective skills. Research will need to continue to clarify the skills needed for competent and successful entry-level practice.
Department of Educational Studies

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27

Johnston, Richard A. "Characterization of the airway epithelial bioelectric mechanisms associated with the effects of epithelium-derived relaxing factor in guinea-pig isolated trachea." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1776.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 135 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-135).

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28

Reynolds, Ann Michelle. "Hypocapnia-induced bronchoconstriction /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smr462.pdf.

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29

Keefer, Edward W. (Edward Wesley). "Medial Medulla Networks in Culture: a Multichannel Electrophysiologic and Pharmacological Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278519/.

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Spontaneously active primary cultures obtained from dissociated embryonic medial medulla tissue were grown on microelectrode arrays for investigating burst patterns and pharmacological responses of respiratory-related neurons. Multichannel burst rates and spike production were used as primary variables for analysis. Pacemaker-like neurons were identified by continued spiking under low Ca++/high Mg++conditions. The number of pacemakers increased with time under synaptic blocking medium. Sensitivity to CO2 levels was found in some neurons. Acetylcholine changed activity in a complex fashion. Curare, atropine and gallamine modified ACh effects. Eserine alone was ineffective, but potentiated ACh-induced responses. Norepinephrine caused channel-specific increases or decreases, whereas dopamine and serotonin had little effect at 30 μM. GABA and glycine stopped most spiking at 70 μM. Developmental changes in glycine sensitivity (increasing with age) were also observed. It is concluded that pacemaker and chemosensitive neurons develop in medial medulla cultures, and that these cultures are pharmacologically histiotypic.

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30

Wai, Chi-wan, and 衛至韻. "Development of shell vial culture assay for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory viruses using the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo2) cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193551.

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Background: Respiratory diseases are common worldwide, which are caused by various respiratory viruses. As symptoms caused by these viruses are similar, laboratory diagnosis is essential to distinguish the virus. Conventionally, respiratory viruses are isolated by cell culture with a panel of cell lines. However, handling of several cell lines is labour intensive, and the turnaround time of conventional culture is long. In previous study, the use of human colon adeno-carcinoma (Caco-2) in conventional culture was investigated. The study has proven that Caco-2 is generally susceptible to the eight common respiratory viruses, i.e. Adenovirus, Influenza A and B, Respiratory Syncytial virus, Parainfluenza virus 1, 2,3 and 4. As turnaround time of conventional culture is long; therefore, in this study, rapid shell vial culture using Caco-2 cells were evaluated. Moreover, the application of Caco-2 shell vial culture on recovering human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was also investigated. Materials and methods: This study consisted of four stages. First, recovery of viruses by conventional culture and shell vial culture of Caco-2 were compared. Specimens were added to conventional culture and shell vial simultaneously. For conventional culture, formation of CPE was examined daily and IF staining was performed when CPE was indicated; meanwhile, shell vial culture were incubated for seven days and stained with IF to detect infected cells. In stage two, the effect of incubating shell vial culture in rolling drum was investigated. Shell vials inoculated with the same specimen in duplicate were incubated in rolling drum and without rolling drum simultaneously. IF staining was performed in day 2, and results were obtained. For those which are IF negative in day 2, second shell vial was further incubated to seven days before harvest. In the next stage, a large batch of samples was used to evaluate on the use of Caco-2 shell vial culture in day 2 and day 7. Lastly, Caco-2 shell vial and conventional culture and LLC-MK2 conventional culture were tested for isolation of hMPV. Results: Compared to Caco-2 conventional culture, recovery rate of shell vial culture was elevated slightly. When experimenting on the effect of incubation in rolling drum, results showed that recovery rate was raised in shell vial with rolling drum in day 2, moreover, the percentage of positive cells were increased significantly (p value < 0.05). Furthermore, in the evaluation of Caco-2 shell vial in day 2 and day 7, 75% of samples were isolated in day 2 while 85% were recovered in day 7. Lastly, in the investigation on recovery of hMPV, 53%, 42% and 17% hMPV positive cases were isolated by Caco-2 shell vial, Caco-2 conventional culture and LLC-MK2 conventional culture respectively. Conclusion: First, although recovery rate by shell vial and conventional culture were similar, turnaround time was reduced from a week to a few days by shell vial culture. Therefore, Caco-2 shell vial culture is a more efficient than Caco-2 conventional culture in isolating respiratory viruses. The study also showed that incubation of shell vial in rolling drum able to increase the number of positive cells. Furthermore, in this study, Caco-2 cells were also shown to be more efficient in isolating hMPV when compare to LLC-MK2 cells.
published_or_final_version
Microbiology
Master
Master of Medical Sciences

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31

Ratnawati, Ratnawati Prince of Wale Hospital Clinical School UNSW. "Exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic airway inflammation." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Prince of Wale Hospital Clinical School, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25729.

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Measuring the level of exhaled NO (eNO) in the breath is a new method to monitor airway inflammation in asthma and may have a role in the management of asthma. The hypotheses were that eNO will reflect the degree of inflammation in chronic asthma, and will indicate how anti- inflammatory therapy should be altered to improve asthma control. Three studies were performed to test the hypotheses. A cross sectional study was performed to define the normal range of eNO and to compare this range with those who have asthma or atopy. The second study was observational, to compare the level of eNO during and after an exacerbation of asthma. The third study was an interventional study to evaluate eNO in management of paediatric asthma. In this latter study the level of eNO was measured to monitor airway inflammation in asthmatic children with the intention of adjusting antiinflammatory drugs (inhaled glucocorticosteroids) according to the level of eNO. These studies have shown that the mean level of eNO was significantly higher in asthmatic compared with normal subjects, but not significantly different when compared with atopic non-asthmatic subjects. eNO was correlated with the number of positive skin prick tests in atopic subjects whether asthmatic or nonasthmatic. The eNO level was increased during acute exacerbations of asthma and decreased after two weeks with therapy of GCS. In a pilot study eNO appeared to be superior to FEV1 in adjusting the dose of iGCS to control asthmatic children, but this needs to be confirmed with a larger sample size. Another non-invasive method to detect inflammatory markers is the technique of exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Although NO is degraded to NOx, it was found that eNO had no significant correlation with EBC NOx but had a significant correlation with pH. Hypertonic saline challenge, an artificial model of an asthmatic exacerbation was associated with an increase in EBC volume and the release of histamine, implicating mast cell activation. These novel findings suggest that non-invasive markers can be used both for clinical and mechanistic proposes.

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32

Rowley, Janet M. "Development and evaluation of a self-efficacy scale for people with breathing pattern disorders a dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Health Science at Auckland University of Technology, 2004." Full dissertation. Abstract, 2004. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/RowleyJ.pdf.

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33

Pandit, Jaideep Jagdeesh. "The effects of exercise on the chemical control of breathing in man." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:09156247-2a9b-4c25-b51a-7b3669d6319e.

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This thesis is concerned with the chemical control of breathing during exercise in humans. Chapter 1 reviews some of the relevant studies in animals and humans. Chapter 2 describes the experimental apparatus and the technique of dynamic end-tidal forcing performed using a computer-controlled gas-mixing system. Chapter 3 describes a study of the effects of sustained hypoxia on ventilation during steady exercise. The acute ventilatory response to hypoxia (AHR) was increased during exercise as compared with rest, but the magnitude of the subsequent decline in ventilation (HVD), expressed as a fraction of the AHR, was reduced. A simple model of the hypoxic peripheral chemoreflex is proposed, in which the mechanisms underlying AHR and HVD are functionally separate and can be independently modulated by external factors. Chapter 4 assesses changes in peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity to hypoxia in terms of the degree of decline in AHR measured in the resting periods shortly after prior conditioning periods of hypoxia and/or exercise. At rest, a second AHR measured 6 min after a period of sustained hypoxia had declined by 30% as compared with the initial AHR. In contrast, the AHR measured in the resting period after a period of sustained hypoxic exercise was only 11% smaller in magnitude than the AHR measured after a period of euoxic exercise. The results suggest that the degree to which hypoxic sensitivity declines during sustained hypoxia is genuinely attenuated, rather than masked, by exercise. Chapter 5 describes the changes in respiration during prolonged exercise breathing air with and without added CO₂. During prolonged poikilocapnic exercise, ventilation remained constant, but metabolic CO₂ production, respiratory quotient and end-tidal P_CO2 declined; a result which suggests that in man, ventilation can be dissociated from the CO₂ flux. During hypercapnic exercise, ventilation progressively increased; this was interpreted as being due to a correction by end-tidal forcing of the natural tendency for end-tidal CO₂ to decline, together with an independent effect of CO₂ per se on the ventilation. Chapter 6. Electrical muscle stimulation was used as means of inducing non-volitional exercise. Electrically-induced exercise increased the AHR as compared with rest, and with voluntary exercise at matched external work rate. The AHRs during electrical stimulation and voluntary exercise matched to the internal work rate were similar. Chapter 7. Electrical muscle stimulation was used in paraplegic subjects in whom there would be no neural control of exercise. Electrically-induced exercise increased the AHR as compared with rest. When compared with the data from Chapter 6, the results suggest that the observed increase in AHR during normal voluntary exercise can be wholly accounted for by the increase in metabolic CO₂ production, or closely related factors. Chapter 8 presents a brief summary of the findings in this thesis.

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34

Medford, Marsha Kay. "Respiratory health hazards of artists in their studios." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277152.

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Artists are exposed to numerous respiratory health hazards in the production of art. Little is known of artists' studio behaviors or of their health beliefs related to respiratory toxins. The Health Belief Model hypothesizes that individuals require a minimal level of relevant health motivation and knowledge before attempting to prevent a health condition, as well as a perception of their vulnerability to health conditions they view as threatening, conviction in the efficacy of preventive behaviors, and a perception that recommended preventive action entails few difficulties. This descriptive and exploratory study, conducted within the framework of the Health Belief Model, seeks to determine artists' knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive studio practices related to occupational respiratory health risks.

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35

Wang, Liping. "An investigation of the association between herpesviruses and respiratory disease in racehorses in Western Australia." Thesis, Wang, Liping (2003) An investigation of the association between herpesviruses and respiratory disease in racehorses in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/386/.

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Respiratory disease is an important cause of wastage in the Australian horse racing industry and viruses are frequently suspected as aetiological agents of respiratory disease or poor performance by clinicians and trainers but confirmation is seldom attempted. This thesis deals with the potential role of equine herpes virus types 1, 2, 4 and 5 in upper respiratory disease and poor performance in horses in Western Australia. The methodology selected for the identification of equine herpes viruses in tissues of horses was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and therefore individual PCR assays were developed for the detection of each herpes virus, and then a nested multiplex PCR was developed to detect all four viruses. There was good correlation between the multiplex PCR for the detection of EHV and the detection of virus by isolation in cell culture, although a combination of the 2 techniques provided greater sensitivity than either technique alone. The multiplex PCR described appeared equally sensitive as specific PCR assays using a single set of primers for each individual virus but reduced labour and reagent costs. As latency is a well recognised phenomenon in the equine herpes viruses and the horse is subjected to a number of stresses which might induce reactivation of latent infections, it was hypothesised that there would be a background level of replication of the equine herpes viruses in clinically normal horses. Nasal swabs and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were obtained from 282 clinical normal horses and examined for EHV. The results clearly demonstrated the widespread occurrence of EHV in the clinically healthy horses. The rate of detection of different types of EHV varied, as did the prevalence in young and adult horses. The most common EHV detected was EHV5: in 83.2% of 131 of horses <2 years of age; in 40% of horses >2 years of age. A prospective clinical study was conducted whereby respiratory tract samples and PBL from adult horses with respiratory disease and/or poor performance were examined for equine herpes viruses; the aim was to determine a possible association between equine herpes virus infection and respiratory disease and/or poor performance. The relative incidence of factors identified in the history, signalment, physical and laboratory evaluation of horses in the study population was compared between horses from which EHV was identified in respiratory samples and horses negative for equine herpes virus. The results indicated that equine herpes viruses were important causes of respiratory disease in the study population, and that haematological and cytological data were a poor indicator of such equine herpes virus infection. The occurrence of equine herpes virus in nasal swabs and PBL of weaned or unweaned foals from Thoroughbred breeding establishments was determined and provided data on the occurrence of EHV in association with respiratory disease. EHV5 was detected in nasal swabs and/or PBL at a high prevalence rate in healthy foals and yearling horses but its occurrence was not associated with clinical signs of respiratory disease. In contrast, EHV2 was detected more commonly in nasal swabs and/or PBL from foals with respiratory disease than in similar samples from healthy horses. Experimental infection of 8 horses with EHV2 was attempted and induced clinical signs of respiratory disease, but less severe than observed in the epidemiological studies. The results suggested that EHV2 is associated with mild upper respiratory tract infection in young horses.

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36

Wang, Liping. "An investigation of the association between herpesviruses and respiratory disease in racehorses in Western Australia." Wang, Liping (2003) An investigation of the association between herpesviruses and respiratory disease in racehorses in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/386/.

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Respiratory disease is an important cause of wastage in the Australian horse racing industry and viruses are frequently suspected as aetiological agents of respiratory disease or poor performance by clinicians and trainers but confirmation is seldom attempted. This thesis deals with the potential role of equine herpes virus types 1, 2, 4 and 5 in upper respiratory disease and poor performance in horses in Western Australia. The methodology selected for the identification of equine herpes viruses in tissues of horses was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and therefore individual PCR assays were developed for the detection of each herpes virus, and then a nested multiplex PCR was developed to detect all four viruses. There was good correlation between the multiplex PCR for the detection of EHV and the detection of virus by isolation in cell culture, although a combination of the 2 techniques provided greater sensitivity than either technique alone. The multiplex PCR described appeared equally sensitive as specific PCR assays using a single set of primers for each individual virus but reduced labour and reagent costs. As latency is a well recognised phenomenon in the equine herpes viruses and the horse is subjected to a number of stresses which might induce reactivation of latent infections, it was hypothesised that there would be a background level of replication of the equine herpes viruses in clinically normal horses. Nasal swabs and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were obtained from 282 clinical normal horses and examined for EHV. The results clearly demonstrated the widespread occurrence of EHV in the clinically healthy horses. The rate of detection of different types of EHV varied, as did the prevalence in young and adult horses. The most common EHV detected was EHV5: in 83.2% of 131 of horses <2 years of age; in 40% of horses >2 years of age. A prospective clinical study was conducted whereby respiratory tract samples and PBL from adult horses with respiratory disease and/or poor performance were examined for equine herpes viruses; the aim was to determine a possible association between equine herpes virus infection and respiratory disease and/or poor performance. The relative incidence of factors identified in the history, signalment, physical and laboratory evaluation of horses in the study population was compared between horses from which EHV was identified in respiratory samples and horses negative for equine herpes virus. The results indicated that equine herpes viruses were important causes of respiratory disease in the study population, and that haematological and cytological data were a poor indicator of such equine herpes virus infection. The occurrence of equine herpes virus in nasal swabs and PBL of weaned or unweaned foals from Thoroughbred breeding establishments was determined and provided data on the occurrence of EHV in association with respiratory disease. EHV5 was detected in nasal swabs and/or PBL at a high prevalence rate in healthy foals and yearling horses but its occurrence was not associated with clinical signs of respiratory disease. In contrast, EHV2 was detected more commonly in nasal swabs and/or PBL from foals with respiratory disease than in similar samples from healthy horses. Experimental infection of 8 horses with EHV2 was attempted and induced clinical signs of respiratory disease, but less severe than observed in the epidemiological studies. The results suggested that EHV2 is associated with mild upper respiratory tract infection in young horses.

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37

Anua, Siti Marwanis. "Workplace and home exposure to respiratory sensitisers : examining the work to home pathway." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=203876.

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Background: Contamination of the skin and clothing may lead to workers inadvertently bringing harmful materials home and exposing family members, so called para-occupational exposure. This study investigates whether workplace contamination with respiratory sensitisers such as laboratory animal allergens, flour, isocyanates and enzymes is transported from work to the home environment. Methods: 3 laboratory animal facilities, 92 bakeries, 47 car body workshops, and 2 hospitals in the Grampian region of Scotland were invited to take part in a series of linked studies to increase understanding of the ‘take-home' pathway. Control subjects were recruited from staff and students at the University of Aberdeen. Take-home exposure assessment was carried out using two techniques: surface wipe sampling and vacuum sampling in workplaces, cars and homes. Samples were also collected in the homes of control subjects. Samples from bakers were analysed for total protein, wheat flour antigen (WFA) and fungal alpha amylase (FAA) while samples from laboratory animal workers were analysed for mouse urinary protein (Mus m 1). Enzyme cleaning agents were analysed for subtilisin proteolytic activity. Similar methods using SWYPE™ aliphatic pads for isocyanate contamination assessment were conducted among car body repairers. The pads were scanned and images of SWYPE™ pads were used to estimate contamination against the quantitative assay MDHS 25/3. All analyses were done by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HSL) apart from the SWYPE™ RGB tests and gravimetric measurements. Results: A total of 13 laboratory animal workers in 3 animal facilities, 38 bakers in 5 bakeries, 13 car painters in 5 car body workshops and 20 control subjects participated in the study. Two hospitals were surveyed for enzyme exposures and 3 endoscope cleaning technicians were monitored. Evidence of take-home exposure was found for bakery workers, with potential contamination that could lead to home exposure in the car body repair and hospital workers. Higher levels of Mus m 1 contamination were detected on house door handles of non-exposed controls compared to the exposed laboratory workers (0.62 vs. 0.1 ng/wipe, p<0.001) probably due to exposure variability, might be because exposed laboratory workers being involved in a job that requires more hand washing than the general population, or suggesting widespread environmental contamination with this allergen, and these making it impossible to determine if work-home pathway exists for these workers. There was detectable WFA and FAA found on the hands, forehead, shoes, cars and homes of bakers. Compared to controls, bakers had higher median levels of WFA and FAA in house vacuum samples; the difference was statistically significant for WFA/total protein (516x10-6 vs. 164x10-6, p=0.031), FAA/total protein ratios (1.45x10-6 vs. 0.04x10-6, p<0.001) and FAA loading (1.2 pg/cm2 vs. 0.1 pg/cm2, p<0.001). Among car painters, SWYPE™ colorimetric colour changes score showed three positive SWYPE™ colour changes on skin, and three positive results on shoes of car body workshop workers. However quantitative colour analysis of the SWYPE™ pads proved ineffective for field measurements. Hand wipes of hospital workers during mid-shift and post-shift showed evidence of proteolytic activity, indicating possible spread of contamination from hands, unsatisfactory hygiene practices and the potential for take-home contamination of enzyme. Presence of contamination on footwear indicated that possible transfer of enzyme to other places including homes may occur. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the existence of pathways for take-home exposure of allergens among bakers via skin and clothing from workplaces to cars and workers' homes. The take-home pathway for laboratory animal allergens and isocyanates was not demonstrated and further investigation should be performed for enzyme cleaning agents used in healthcare settings by monitoring dermal take-home exposure with comparison to controls. Further work is needed to ascertain how widespread the take-home of respiratory sensitisers may be and the possible implications to the health of workers' families and the wider community. If parental occupation can lead to take-home exposure to respiratory asthmagens, and consequently to childhood asthma, then this represents a potentially modifiable risk factor for these cases of para-occupational asthma. There is a need for greater understanding of the take-home pathway of exposure to asthmagens and sensitisers and for a programme of education and control measures to limit the transfer of such material from the workplace to the home and wider community.

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38

Verginis, Nicole. "A comparison of methods for scoring respiratory events in paediatric participants." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29155.

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Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is common in children with a prevalence between 3 and 12% and ranges on a continuum from primary snoring (PS) to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). SDB in children can result in cognitive and behavioural abnormalities (including hyperactivity and poor school performance), growth failure, and cardiopulmonary consequences such as pulmonary hypertension or cor pulmonale. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for assessing SDB with airflow being one of the primary channels used to score respiratory events. The gold standard measurement of airflow, pneumotachography, is cumbersome and hence surrogate airflow measurements are routinely used. Thermally sensitive devices such as Thermistors (Th) and Thermocouples (Tc) have traditionally been used as a surrogate for airflow measurement with nasal pressure/transducer (NP) recordings more recently being incorporated into routine clinical PSG. Some work comparing NP to Th/Tc has been conducted in adults; however there have been few studies conducted in paediatric sleep medicine. Studies in both adults and children have shown the NP technique to be more sensitive than Th/Tc for detecting obstructive respiratory events. In some studies in children, the NP trace has also been shown to be uninterpretable for a greater proportion of total sleep time (TST) than the Th/Tc trace. There is still limited information available comparing NP alone, Th/Tc alone and both measurements in combination during routine clinical PSG across the whole night for assessment of obstructive and central events in children. The hypotheses of the current study were that: (1) the use of NP recordings would result in higher respiratory event indices than Th/Tc recordings alone, (2) that utilizing both techniques in combination would result in higher indices than either method in isolation across the full night, and (3) That there would be a greater percentage total sleep time (TST) with uninterpretable NP than uninterpretable Th/Tc recordings. Thus, the aim of the current study was to extend prior research in paediatric participants by evaluating the efficacy of NP recordings compared with Th/Tc recordings including both obstructive and central events based on full night PSG in children.

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39

Stolarski, Susan Marie. "The effect of a high intensity bout of exercise on maximum expiratory pressure in highly trained individuals." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09122009-040411/.

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40

Lau, Siu-pik. "Time-series analysis of the relationship between influenza-like illness and mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b39724165.

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41

Ravipati, Hari Prasad. "The modifiable risk factors for snoring and the implications for chronic disease." restricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07232009-082122/.

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Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2009.
Title from file title page. Michael P Eriksen, committee chair; Sheryl Strasser, committee member. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 22, 2010. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-65).

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42

Hafezi, Nazila. "An integrated software package for model-based neuro-fuzzy classification of small airway dysfunction." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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43

Berg, Søren. "Assessment of increased upper airway resistance in snorers methodological and diagnostic considerations /." Lund : Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Lund, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39752216.html.

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44

Stoner, Scott Jaques. "EARLY INDICATORS OF PULMONARY CHANGE INDUCED BY EXPOSURE TO COMBUSTION-GENERATED PARTICULATES (LUNG, LAVAGE, FIRE)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275363.

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45

Pater, Piotr. "A method for in-treatment measurement of residual respiratory motion of organs for stereotactic body radiation therapy." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32606.

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Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy is a radical treatment method for small lesions in the body where a surgical dose of radiation is given to attempt to sterilize the lesion. One of its limitations lays in the respiratory motion of the target during treatment. For this technique, high precision and accuracy on the dose delivered to the target is critical. This work produced a measurement method for the target's position and motion, during treatment, without giving extra dose to the patient. This method is based on a statistical analysis of the position of implanted metallic markers, visible on treatment portal images. The method was implanted in a software written entirely in Real Basic (Real Software, Texas, USA) code. The software was tested with images of a respiratory phantom of known motion. The motion statistics detected by the software corresponded to the measured values. Results show that the software can be applied on clinical patient data. Some studies of patient data are presented to demonstrate the software's possibilities.
La radiothérapie stéréotactique extracérébrale est une méthode de traitement radicale, où une forte dose de radiation est donnée à une petite lésion dans le corps, pour tenter de la stériliser. Une des limites de cette thérapie réside dans la difficulté d'irradier la cible précisément et exactement à la dose prescrite, puisqu'elle est constamment induite en mouvement par la respiration du patient durant le traitement. Ce travail a permis de concevoir une méthode de mesure de la position et du mouvement de la cible, durant le traitement, sans donner de dose additionnelle au patient. Cette méthode est basée sur une analyse statistique de la position de marqueurs métalliques implantés chirurgicalement près de la cible et visibles sur des images portales prises durant le traitement. Un logiciel codé en Real Basic (Real Software, Texas, USA) intégrant la méthode a été écrit. Le logiciel a été testé avec un fantôme respiratoire de déplacement connu. Les statistiques du mouvement obtenues par le logiciel correspondaient aux valeurs mesurées sur le fantôme. Les résultats montrent que le logiciel peut-être utile pour l'analyse du mouvement dans des cas cliniques de patients. Quelques exemples d'études cliniques sur des images de patients sont présentés pour démontrer les possibilités du logiciel et de la méthode utilisée.

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Yu, Peng, and 于朋. "Air pollution and respiratory disease incidence of Guangzhou: a study of spatial interpolation methodsusing GIS, 2003-2004." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41633799.

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Faganello, Marcia Maria. "Fatores associados à ocorrência de exacerbação em pacientes com DPOC /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102611.

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Orientador: Irma de Godoy
Banca: Hugo Hyung Bok Yoo
Banca: Fabio de Oliveira Pitta
Banca: Maria Christina L. O. Machado
Banca: Alberto Cukier
Resumo: Nos últimos anos, vários estudos avaliaram os marcadores da doença associados à freqüência de exacerbação, hospitalização, readmissão e mortalidade em pacientes portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC). Entretanto, estudos que avaliaram os marcadores associados à ocorrência de exacerbação em pacientes ambulatoriais são limitados. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores de predição da ocorrência de exacerbação no período de um ano em 120 pacientes com DPOC atendidos no Ambulatório de Pneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp. Os pacientes tiveram o diagnóstico de DPOC confirmado e foram submetidos às seguintes avaliações: espirometria pré e pós-broncodilatador, composição do corpo (antropometria e bioimpedância), qualidade de vida por meio do Saint Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), intensidade da dispnéia por meio da escala modificada Medical Research Council (MMRC) e do índice basal de dispnéia (BDI) e tolerância ao exercício (distância percorrida em 6 minutos DP6). Em seguida foi calculado o índice BODE de acordo com os pontos de corte do volume expiratório no primeiro segundo (VEF1), do índice de massa do corpo, do MMRC e da DP6. Durante o período de acompanhamento de um ano, 60 pacientes (50%) apresentaram pelo menos um episódio de exacerbação da doença e, em conseqüência da agudização, 25 pacientes foram hospitalizados. Comorbidades extra-pulmonares foram causa de hospitalização em oito pacientes e de óbito em cinco pacientes. Na avaliação inicial, os pacientes que exacerbaram tinham maior comprometimento da função pulmonar e da troca gasosa, valores mais elevados do índice BODE e maior proporção de pacientes com DPOC III e IV. Além disso, apresentavam menores valores de DP6, maior sensação de dispnéi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Markers of disease severity have been associated with mortality, occurrence and frequency of hospitalization and readmission due disease exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, information about predictor factors for the occurrence of exacerbation in ambulatory COPD patients is scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify predictor factors for the occurrence of exacerbation in 120 patients with COPD followed during one year in the outpatient clinic at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP, Paulista State University) School of Medicine at Botucatu, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The patients had the diagnosis of COPD confirmed and underwent to the following evaluations: pre- and postbronchodilator spirometry, body composition (anthropometry and bioimpedance), health-related quality of life (Saint Georges Respiratory Questionnaire -SGRQ), dyspnea scores (Medical Research Council MMRC and basal dispnea index -BDI) and exercise tolerance (6MWD). Bode index was calculated taking in consideration the cutt off points for forced volume in the first second (FEV1), body mass index, MMRC and 6MWD. During the followup period 60 patients (50%) presented at least one exacerbation episode and, as consequence, 25 patients were hospitalized. Eight patients were hospitalized and five died due to non-pulmonary comorbidities. At baseline, patients with exacerbations during the follow-up period presented lower values of airway obstruction indexes and of arterial blood gases and higher values of BODE score and proportion of COPD patients class III and IV. In addition, the values of 6MWD were lower, dyspnea sensation was higher and the health- related quality of life was more deteriorated in these patients. No significative associations were found between gender, corticosteroid use... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

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Chan, Wan-yi. "Influenza A virus infection of human respiratory epithelium tissue tropism and innate immune responses /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41633696.

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49

Jing, Yi. "Epithelial mechanisms in airway responses induced by hyperosmolarity." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5054.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 155 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Hinze, Candace. "The role of malnutrition in prolonged respiratory failure : the effect of accelerated nutritional rehabilitation." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22740.

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To investigate the possibility that malnutrition is an important factor that prolongs respiratory failure (PRF), I studied the effects of pharmacologic injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), an important anabolic stimulus, on nutritional and respiratory parameters in patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than three days. Patients were excluded from consideration if dominating factors known to prolong ventilatory failure had not been stabilized. Over ten months, 106 patients in PRF were evaluated, but only six met the selection criteria. Three patients were randomized to receive standard nutritional support, and three into a group that received the equivalent nutrition plus 5 mg/day of rhGH for 14 days or until withdrawal of mechanical ventilation. Baseline characteristics of the selected patients were divergent as demonstrated by body mass indexes ranging from 14 to 42 (kg/m$ sp2),$ baseline maximal inspiratory pressures (PI$ sb{ max}$ from $-$15 to $-$70 cm H$ sb2$O, and Day 1 N balances from $-$13.5 to 1.2 g N/day. Despite increased plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations, the mean daily N balances of the rhGH-treated group were no better than the controls (1.3 $ pm$ 5.0 vs. 0.4 $ pm$ 2.6 g N/day; Mean $ pm$ SD), nor were there differences in PI$ sb{ max},$ level of ventilatory assistance required, and days to weaning. The persistence of respiratory failure in the overwhelming majority of patients in PRF appears to be due to factors already known to prevent weaning from mechanical ventilation. Even the carefully selected patients enrolled in the present study were insufficiently homogeneous or stable enough to allow proper testing of the experimental hypothesis.

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