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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Respiratory organs

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Academic literature on the topic 'Respiratory organs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Cheberiachko, Serhii, Yuriy Cheberiachko, Oleg Deryugin, Bohdan Kravchenko, Tetiana Nehrii, Serhii Nehrii, and Oksana Zolotarova. "INCREASING THE INSULATION PROPERTIES OF FILTER RESPIRATORS TO PROTECT MINERS’ RESPIRATORY ORGANS FROM DUST." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 38, no. 4 (2023): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2023.4.3.

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To increase the insulating properties of elastomeric half-masks, it is suggested to perforate the obturator in the area of the nasal bridge, chin and cheeks, which allows for adjustment in its size, thus preventing the occurrence of wrinkles on the user’s face in the areas which are the individual features of a particular user’s face. Three versions of the perforated filter respirator obturator have been proposed: in the first, the holes are made along the entire perimeter of the obturator; in the second, the holes are only in the area of the cheeks and nasal bridge; in the third, incisions with a diameter of 5 mm are made in the area of the nasal bridge and cheeks. The result of modelling a set of alternative solutions taking into account the coefficient of protection of filter respirator half-masks, the distribution of compressive forces, which are determined in the environment of the packages “ANSYS” and “Solid works”, has been obtained on the basis of main indicators of the proposed models. To make a decision on choosing the best model, the mass of the elastomeric half mask, its dimensions and the complexity of the design were additionally considered. On the basis of expert evaluation, according to the described procedure for determining the utility function of the factors from their values, it has been defined that the second model of the half-mask is characterized by the best parameters. Conducted laboratory studies to determine the aerosol absorption coefficient by the obturation line showed the lowest indicator in the second option.

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Andreeva, N. A., T. A. Shumatova, and P. A. Motavkin. "Nitrergic neurons in respiratory organs." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 129, no. 2 (February 2000): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02434808.

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Ari Wahyuni, Eva, Nur Qomaria, and Lisa Lisdiana. "Anatomical respiratory organ of Solen sp." BIO Web of Conferences 74 (2023): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237403007.

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Respiratory organs are important to investigate in Solen sp. due to the fact that literacy is hard to find beside unclear data information. Excellent knowledge of the respiratory organs in biota has become one of the impact factors for knowing its potential in adaptability and ecology. This study aimed to describe the anatomical respiratory organ by analyzing Solen sp. in the Madura Strait, which applied morphological and histological analysis at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the State University of Surabaya. The environmental parameters (temperature, pH, salinity, and substrate) and sample of Solen sp. was measured and collected around the Modung district, Bangkalan regency during July – August, 2023. The results showed conditions are within the range of environmental parameters and are reasonable and appropriate for the environment. The shape and structure of the respiratory organs Solen sp. described the shape of the folds with a fresh red color, as are generally of the normal and health gills. The relationship between environmental parameters and anatomical organ of Solen sp. should be concerning for the future research to protect Solen sp. from the overfishing.

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Khoma, P. E., N. N. Abramova, S. A. Kiro, and I. M. Knish. "RESPIRATORY ORGANS PROTECTION FROM THE AMMONIA ACTION." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 27, no. 2(82) (November 16, 2022): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2022.2(82).264892.

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The article deals with the issues of protection of the respiratory organs from the toxic effects of ammonia, based on the research of employees of the Physical-chemical institute for environment and human protection of MES OF Ukraine and NAS of Ukraine. The physicochemical properties of ammonia and its toxicological characteristics are discussed in detail. Emergency hygienic regulations and reference levels of its concentration in the air are given, depending on the severity of possible effects. Activated carbon, the most widely used for equipping gas-absorbing cartridges of respirators and industrial gas masks, does not have the ability to selectively absorb ammonia without treatment with chemically active compounds. To enhance selectivity, activated carbon is infiltrated with d-metal salts and organic polybasic acids. An alternative to granular charcoal sorbents are ion-exchange fibrous materials or impregnated fibrous chemisorbents (IFCS), which have a significantly lower weight and breathing resistance. Impregnation was carried out with solutions of citric acid, and glycerol, sodium chloride, and ethanol were used as modifiers to achieve a uniform distribution of citric acid on the surface of the fibers and increase adhesion to them. The study of the sorption characteristics of IFCS as part of the gas-absorbing cartridge of the «Klen-K1» respirator was carried out with dry and moistened samples under dynamic conditions close to the actual operation of respiratory protection equipment: NH3 concentration in the gas-air mixture 700 mg/m3 (35 TVL), relative humidity φ = 0 ÷ 72%, linear flow rate – 5,1 sm/s. It is shown that the humidity of the gas-air mixture plays a decisive role in the efficiency of ammonia sorption, it activates the protective properties of IFCS. It has been established that gas-absorbing cartridges equipped with the developed samples of IFCS impregnated with a 40.0% solution of citric acid with the addition of 3.3% glycerol and 1.0% sodium chloride provide the normalized requirements for class K1 gas filters (ammonia) with humidity of the inhaled air ≥ 30%. The presence of «free» water provides a more complete «activation» of the specified chemisorbent for this toxicant.

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Apriliani, Nurul Safitri, Hikmah Supriyati, and Muhammad Ja’far Luthfi. "Histological Study of Respiratory Organ of Betta sp." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 2 (March 1, 2019): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v2.81.

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Betta sp. is a freshwater ornamental fish which also known as a fighting fish. One of the fundamental organs to support fishes life is respiratory organ. Fighting fish is belongs to the suborder Anabantoidei which means labyrinth fishes group. The aim of the study was to know histology of the respiratory organs of Betta sp. Histological preparations were done using paraffin method, stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). The result showed that Betta sp. has a respiratory organ common fish i.e gills and additional respiratory organ structure namely labyrinth and pseudobranch that makes Betta sp can survive in a low volume of water. The gill is consists of gill arch, gill raker, gill fillament and gill lamellae. The labyrinth is consist of connective tissue and folded ephitelium. Pseudobranch according to some literature function as an additional respiratory. Functions attributed to the pseudobranch include; regulation of oxygen to the eyes, enzyme production for use in the gas bladder, osmoregulation, and many others.

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Huxley, Thomas H. "On the Respiratory Organs of Apteryx." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 50, no. 3 (August 21, 2009): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1882.tb02762.x.

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Salim, Ali, Matthew Martin, Carlos Brown, Howard Belzberg, Peter Rhee, and Demetrios Demetriades. "Complications of Brain Death: Frequency and Impact on Organ Retrieval." American Surgeon 72, no. 5 (May 2006): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480607200502.

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Brain death is associated with complex hemodynamic, endocrine, and metabolic dysfunction that can lead to major complications with the potential donor. Untreated, this can progress to cardiovascular collapse with loss of valuable organs for transplantation. We hypothesized that brain death-related complications would have no effect on the number of organs donated if an aggressive donor management protocol was in place. We identified all successful organ donations between January 2000 and December 2003 and evaluated them for brain death-associated complications (defined as vasopressor requirement, coagulopathy, diabetes insipidus, cardiac ischemia, lactic acidosis, renal failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome) and donated organs per donor. Sixty-nine organ donors were identified. Complications identified were as follows: intravenous vasopressor requirement in 97.1 per cent, coagulopathy in 55.1 per cent, thrombocytopenia in 53.6 per cent, diabetes insipidus in 46.4 per cent, cardiac ischemia in 30.4 per cent, lactic acidosis in 24.6 per cent, renal failure in 20.3 per cent, and acute respiratory distress syndrome in 13 per cent. There was no significant effect of complications on the average number of organs harvested, with the exception of an increase in organs harvested in the presence of diabetes insipidus. With the implementation of an aggressive organ donor management protocol, these complications can be effectively managed with no impact on the number of organs harvested for transplant.

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Starevskaya, S. V., M. M. Goloborodko, O. V. Berleva, S. V. Barashkova, I. Yu Melnikova, V. Yu Detkov, and V. P. Molodtsova. "CONDITION OF RESPIRATORY MUCOSA AT CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20157188-92.

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42 children with the diseases of respiratory organs complicated by respiratory failure have been examined to determine the nature of inflammatory changes of a tracheobronchial tree and a condition of mucoсiliary system . At children with acute diseases of respiratory organs the neutrophillic inflammation of tracheobronchial tree mucous has been revealed more often, at children with chronic diseases of lungs has been more often noted lymphocytic eosinophilic an inflammation of tracheobronchial tree mucous , obvious thaumatropy and dystrophy of ciliate epithelium. At 10% of children primary motor disturbance of the mucoсiliary system (total immobility of cilia) has been revealed.

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Abdulrazzaq, Najiba, Kashif Bin Naeem, Abdalla Alhajiri, Ayman Chkhis, Vinod Choondal, Mona Osman, and Kusay Almusa. "Multiple Organ Dysfunction Reduces In-Hospital Survival in COVID-19 Patients." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 5, no. 09 (September 14, 2020): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol05-i09/951.

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Background: Although primarily a respiratory illness, COVID-19 involves multiple organs when the disease is severe or critical. Hence, we conducted this study to evaluate the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and its implications on survival. Methods: A retrospective analysis of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients presenting to our center in Dubai, UAE between April 2020 and July 2020. Data was collected from the electronic medical records and analyzed to evaluate multiple organ damage observed during hospital admission. Findings: Five-hundred patients were studied. Overall mean age was 49.5 years (range 13-94), 76% males, 33% diabetics, 31% hypertensives. 97/500 (19.4%) had evidence of single organ damage; 37/500 (7.4%) had two organ damage; and 105/500 (21%) had more than two organ damage. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most prevalent organ damage,153/500 (30.6%); followed by acute cardiac injury, 120/500 (24%); acute kidney injury 107/500 (21.4%); acute liver injury 96/500 (19.2%); septic shock 93/500 (18.6%); disseminated intravascular coagulation 27/500 (5.4%), and heart failure 17/500 (3.4%). We found that in-hospital survival reduced as the number of organs involved increased; only 20% patients survived who had more than 2 organ damage. Also, the chances of survival reduced considerably once other organs were involved in addition to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (91.6% survival in ARDS alone vs. 28.6% survival in ARDS with acute kidney injury vs. 10.4% survival in ARDS with shock/acute cardiac injury/acute kidney injury). Conclusion: Multiple organ dysfunction is common in COVID-19 as 21% had evidence of more than two organ damage in our study. The survival in COVID-19 reduces significantly once multiple organs are involved. Early monitoring and recognition of multiple organ dysfunction is necessary to prevent adverse outcomes and improve survival.

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HARA, KOHEI. "Respiratory organs. Intractable upper respiratory tract infections and its treatment." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 79, no. 3 (1990): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.79.387.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Svantesson, Cecilia. "Respiratory mechanics during mechanical ventilation in health and in disease." Lund : Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Lund University, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38987113.html.

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Reynolds, Paul N. "The role of tachykinins in airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr464.pdf.

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王敏 and Min Wang. "Control of vascular reactivity of the nasal circulation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241153.

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Wang, Min. "Control of vascular reactivity of the nasal circulation /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22233222.

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Kwok, Sau-man. "Analysis on the links between housing and respiratory health of residents in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B3793563X.

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Yip, Ming-shum. "Immune responses of human respiratory epithelial cells to respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3955725X.

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Yu, Peng. "Air pollution and respiratory disease incidence of Guangzhou a study of spatial interpolation methods using GIS, 2003-2004 /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41633799.

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Graham, Neil M. H. "Psychosocial factors in the epidemiology of acute respiratory infection /." Title page, contents, thesis synopsis and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdg741.pdf.

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Yip, Ming-shum, and 葉名琛. "Immune responses of human respiratory epithelial cells to respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3955725X.

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Pinnock, Carole B. "Vitamin A status and susceptibility to respiratory illness /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php656.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Johnson, N. Mcl. Respiratory medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publicatrions, 1990.

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Johnson, Norman McI. Respiratory medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1990.

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National, Heart Lung and Blood Institute Division of Lung Diseases. Respiratory failure. [Bethesda, Md.?]: The Division, 1995.

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Dartnell, Jo. Respiratory system. Edited by Ramsay Michelle and Rees John 1949-. London: Hodder Arnold, 2005.

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Mines, Allan H. Respiratory physiology. 3rd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1993.

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Glenda, Esmond, and Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain), eds. Respiratory nursing. Edinburgh: Baillière Tindall, 2001.

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Cade, J. F. Essentials of respiratory medicine. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1988.

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C, McGorum Bruce, ed. Equine respiratory medicine and surgery. Edinburgh: Saunders Elsevier, 2007.

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Rogers, Kara. The respiratory system. New York: Britannica Educational Pub. in association with Rosen Educational Services, 2011.

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10

Cloutier, Michelle M. Respiratory physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Warburg, Michael R. "Respiratory Organs and Respiration." In Evolutionary Biology of Land Isopods, 25–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21889-1_4.

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Mitchell, Charles, Vishwa Raj, and Terrence Pugh. "Cancer of the Respiratory and Intrathoracic Organs." In Cancer Rehabilitation, 127–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44462-4_9.

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Marchuk, Guri I. "Viral And Bacterial Infections of Respiratory Organs." In Mathematical Modelling of Immune Response in Infectious Diseases, 269–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8798-3_9.

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Liang, Wu-Sheng. "Respiratory pathways in bulky tissues and storage organs." In Alternative respiratory pathways in higher plants, 221–32. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118789971.ch11.

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Schmitz, Anke. "Tracheae in Spiders: Respiratory Organs for Special Functions." In Spider Ecophysiology, 29–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33989-9_3.

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Rozorinov, H. N., and N. I. Chichikalo. "Prophylaxis Monitoring of the State of Human Respiratory Organs." In 3rd International Conference on Nanotechnologies and Biomedical Engineering, 435–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-736-9_102.

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Röszer, Tamás. "M2 Macrophages in the Circulatory, Respiratory, and Excretory Organs." In Progress in Inflammation Research, 153–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50480-9_8.

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Shinoda, Moeka, Akihiro Koike, Sayaka Teraguchi, and Yoshinori Teshima. "Development of Tabletop Models of Internal Organs for Anatomy Learning of the Visually Impaired." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 261–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08648-9_30.

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AbstractIn this study, we developed two types of tabletop models of internal organs as tactile teaching materials that can be used by the visually impaired when learning anatomy. The first one is a model in which parts of the internal organs that do not have connectional relationships are placed in a concave area of a pedestal. The second one is a model in which parts of the internal organs have a connectional relationship. Parts of the organs were connected using connecting pins, holes, and rubber tubes. A connected respiratory system, a connected digestive system, and a connected urinary system are also placed in the concave areas of the pedestal. Evaluation experiments conducted on the two types of tactile teaching materials revealed that the second model is a better teaching material in terms of placement stability and an understanding of the connectional relationship of internal organs.

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Kaiser, Georges L. "Symptoms and Signs of Respiratory Organs in Infants and Older Children." In Symptoms and Signs in Pediatric Surgery, 189–217. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31161-1_10.

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Ohno, Shinichi, Nobuo Terada, and Yasuhisa Fujii. "Dynamic Ultrastructure of Pulmonary Alveoli of Living Mice Under Respiratory Conditions." In In Vivo Cryotechnique in Biomedical Research and Application for Bioimaging of Living Animal Organs, 83–86. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55723-4_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Evseeva, G., E. Knizhnikova, R. Telepneva, N. Kuderova, S. V. Suprun, E. Suprun, V. Kozlov, and O. Lebed'ko. "Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Diseases of the Respiratory Organs." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a3453.

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Крумкачева А.Ю., Крумкачева А. Ю. "State of respiratory system and peripheral musculature in patients with dust diseases of respiratory organs." In The second international youth Forum "OCCUPATION AND HEALTH". PT "ARIAL", 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-907032-51-4-2018-1-141-148.

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Shvedsky, M. S., V. V. Matvienko, and D. A. Vagina. "The effect of hypoxia on the surfactant system of the lungs." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-224-226.

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The study was conducted on mongrel male rats 120-180 g. Physical activity was performed by swimming for 40 minutes for 3 consecutive days. After three days, the development of insufficiency of the surfactant respiratory system was established, which will be characterized by moderate destruction of alveolocytes, violation of the entire aerogematic barrier as a whole, edema of alveolocytes, and, of course, POL. Key words: surfactant system of the lungs, physical activity, lipid peroxidation, respiratory organs.

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Markuleva, Marina V., Mikhail S. Gerashchenko, Sergei I. Gerashchenko, Vitaly G. Polosin, Alexander N. Mitroshin, and Andrey N. Astafyev. "The Respiratory Organs Effect on Hemodynamics Evaluating Method Based on Hydro-Cuff Technology." In 2020 4th Scientific School on Dynamics of Complex Networks and their Application in Intellectual Robotics (DCNAIR). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dcnair50402.2020.9216916.

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Grigoreva, I., E. Volkova, and I. Belikova. "IMPACT OF CARDIO TRAINING ON THE BODY." In Current issues and prospects for the development of modern science. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/cipdms2022_94-99.

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The article discusses the effectiveness and variety of cardio training and their benefits. Lack of physical activity in our lives can lead to a whole range of diseases. Cardio loads can strengthen our body and improve well-being. When using cardio loads, the activity of the circulatory system, heart, respiratory organs improves, endurance increases.

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Holovko, T. O., and V. V. Nikonovа. "Dynamics of changes in the functional status of respiratory organs in children with rheumatic diseases." In THE GREATEST HUMANKIND ACHIEVEMENTS IN HEALTHCARE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE. Baltija Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-401-6-7.

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O.I., Vasiliadi, Kuzminova E.V., and Dolgov E.P. "STUDYING THE PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A HEPATOPROTECTIVE DRUG DURING EXPERIMENTAL AMMONIA INTOXICATION OF BROILER CHICKENS." In OF THE ANNIVERSARY Х INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION» («ITSE 2022» CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itse.2022.33-36.

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The article presents the results of the study of the pharmacological efficiency of the hepatoprotective drug phytosomin in experimental ammonia intoxication of broiler chickens. The conducted studies have determined that phytosomin contributes to an increase in body weight gain in poultry, and its preventive use allows to increase the period of manifestation of clinical signs of ammonia intoxication and their severity, to reduce pathological changes in the organs of the respiratory and circulatory systems.

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Shvedsky, M. S., G. S. Solovyov, V. V. Matvienko, V. A. Shidin, O. G. Solovyova, and O. F. Istomina. "Vascular-tissue relations in the lungs in experimental superinvasive opisthorchiasis." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-229-231.

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Structural changes in the lungs in superinvasive opisthorchiasis at various stages of invasion were studied. The morphology of permanent epithelial proliferation at the initial stage and their decrease in the late period were revealed. With the formation of granulomas in the interstitial tissue of the respiratory organs, with changes in the chronic period towards the formation of sclerotic foci. Key words: superinvasive opisthorchiasis (CO), metacercariae, acinus, terminal bronchioles (TB), cell infiltrates, pneumocytes.

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Локтионов, О. А., and В. В. Юшин. "Hazard analysis of chronic non-carcinogenic risk to respiratory organs from solid municipal waste landfill emissions." In Modern problems of occupational medicine: The all-Russian scientific-practical conference devoted to the 80th anniversary of academician N.H. Amirov. Kazan state medical University; FSBSI “RIOH”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-0-7-2019-1-101-104.

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Dmytriiev, D. V., O. A. Nazarchuk, M. V. Melnychenko, B. I. Levchenko, and N. A. Bagniyk. "Diagnostic significance of toll-like receptors 4 in critical patients with infectious complications of the respiratory organs." In MEDICINE AND HEALTH CARE IN MODERN SOCIETY: TOPICAL ISSUES AND CURRENT ASPECTS. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-038-4-61.

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Reports on the topic "Respiratory organs"

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Wang, Xiaoyu. Pediatric tuina in treating recurrent respiratory tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0075.

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Review question / Objective: Is pediatric tuina an effective treatment for recurrent respiratory tract infection in children? Condition being studied: Recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) is a common disease in children, which refers to the recurrence of upper and lower respiratory tract infections within a year, exceeding the prescribed number of times. It is more common in infants under 3 years old. The disease is easy to relapse and lasts for a long time, affecting the normal growth and development of children and physical and mental health, easily causing other diseases, leading to a variety of chronic wasting diseases, and damaging the function of organs and the immune system. Immunotherapy and nutritional therapy are commonly used in Western medicine. At present, the treatment of RRTI in children with traditional Chinese medicine has achieved a certain effect, and the treatment mainly includes internal treatment and external treatment. Tuina therapy is one of the common therapies for the treatment of RRTI in children with traditional Chinese medicine. Because of its advantages, there are many literature reports on tuina treatment of this disease, with a good total effective rate, but whether its therapeutic effect is higher than other therapies has not been determined as a whole. This study used the method of systematic review to collect the published clinical research literature on the treatment of RRTI in children at home and abroad for systematic review, so as to provide a reference for clinical research.

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Wood, G. O., and R. Kissane. Reusability study with organic vapor air-purifying respirator cartridges. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/645463.

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Ding, Huaze, Yiling Dong, Kaiyue Zhang, Jiayu Bai, and Chenpan Xu. Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus propofol in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0103.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine compared with propofol in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis. Condition being studied: Sepsis, which is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, contributes the highest mortality to intensive care units (ICU) worldwide . Because of the high incidence of respiratory failure in sepsis care, mechanical ventilation is always adopted to give life support and minimize lung injury . And sedation is a necessary component of sepsis care who suffers from mechanical ventilation. The Society of Critical Care Medicine suggested using either propofol or dexmedetomidine for sedation in mechanically ventilated adults. However, it remained unknown whether patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation will benefit from sedation with dexmedetomidine.

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Yahav, Shlomo, John McMurtry, and Isaac Plavnik. Thermotolerance Acquisition in Broiler Chickens by Temperature Conditioning Early in Life. United States Department of Agriculture, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7580676.bard.

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The research on thermotolerance acquisition in broiler chickens by temperature conditioning early in life was focused on the following objectives: a. To determine the optimal timing and temperature for inducing the thermotolerance, conditioning processes and to define its duration during the first week of life in the broiler chick. b. To investigate the response of skeletal muscle tissue and the gastrointestinal tract to thermal conditioning. This objective was added during the research, to understand the mechanisms related to compensatory growth. c. To evaluate the effect of early thermo conditioning on thermoregulation (heat production and heat dissipation) during 3 phases: (1) conditioning, (2) compensatory growth, (3) heat challenge. d. To investigate how induction of improved thermotolerance impacts on metabolic fuel and the hormones regulating growth and metabolism. Recent decades have seen significant development in the genetic selection of the meat-type fowl (i.e., broiler chickens); leading to rapid growth and increased feed efficiency, providing the poultry industry with heavy chickens in relatively short growth periods. Such development necessitates parallel increases in the size of visceral systems such as the cardiovascular and the respiratory ones. However, inferior development of such major systems has led to a relatively low capability to balance energy expenditure under extreme conditions. Thus, acute exposure of chickens to extreme conditions (i.e., heat spells) has resulted in major economic losses. Birds are homeotherms, and as such, they are able to maintain their body temperature within a narrow range. To sustain thermal tolerance and avoid the deleterious consequences of thermal stresses, a direct response is elicited: the rapid thermal shock response - thermal conditioning. This technique of temperature conditioning takes advantage of the immaturity of the temperature regulation mechanism in young chicks during their first week of life. Development of this mechanism involves sympathetic neural activity, integration of thermal infom1ation in the hypothalamus, and buildup of the body-to-brain temperature difference, so that the potential for thermotolerance can be incorporated into the developing thermoregulation mechanisms. Thermal conditioning is a unique management tool, which most likely involves hypothalamic them1oregulatory threshold changes that enable chickens, within certain limits, to cope with acute exposure to unexpected hot spells. Short-tem1 exposure to heat stress during the first week of life (37.5+1°C; 70-80% rh; for 24 h at 3 days of age) resulted in growth retardation followed immediately by compensatory growth" which resulted in complete compensation for the loss of weight gain, so that the conditioned chickens achieved higher body weight than that of the controls at 42 days of age. The compensatory growth was partially explained by its dramatic positive effect on the proliferation of muscle satellite cells which are necessary for further muscle hypertrophy. By its significant effect of the morphology and functioning of the gastrointestinal tract during and after using thermal conditioning. The significant effect of thermal conditioning on the chicken thermoregulation was found to be associated with a reduction in heat production and evaporative heat loss, and with an increase in sensible heat loss. It was further accompanied by changes in hormones regulating growth and metabolism These physiological responses may result from possible alterations in PO/AH gene expression patterns (14-3-3e), suggesting a more efficient mechanism to cope with heat stress. Understanding the physiological mechanisms behind thermal conditioning step us forward to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the PO/AH response, and response of other major organs. The thermal conditioning technique is used now in many countries including Israel, South Korea, Australia, France" Ecuador, China and some places in the USA. The improvement in growth perfom1ance (50-190 g/chicken) and thermotolerance as a result of postnatal thermal conditioning, may initiate a dramatic improvement in the economy of broiler's production.

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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, and Yona Chen. Interactions of engineered nanoparticles with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and organic contaminants in water. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699863.bard.

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Background: Engineered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to be increasingly released into the environment with the rapid increase in their production and use. The discharged CNTs may interact with coexisting contaminants and subsequently change environmental behaviors and ecological effects of both the CNTs themselves and the contaminants. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a critical role in the transport of CNTs in the aquatic environment, affecting both CNT's surface properties through adsorption, and its colloidal stability in solution. Therefore, CNT-bound DOM complexes may interact with coexisting contaminants, thus affecting their environmental fate. With increasing production and use of CNTs, there is an increasing risk that humans could be exposed to CNTs mainly through ingestion and inhalation. Since CNTs can be carriers of contaminants due to their high adsorption affinity and capacity, the distribution of these nanoparticles in the environment holds a potential environmental and health risk. Project objectives: The overall goal of this project was to gain a better understanding of the environmental behavior of engineered nanoparticles with DOM and organic pollutant in aqueous systems. The scope of this study includes: characterizing various types of engineered nanoparticles and their interaction with DOM; binding studies of organic contaminants by nanoparticles and DOM-nanoparticle complexes; and examining interactions in DOM-nanoparticles-contaminant systems. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: DOM has a pronounced effect on colloidal stability of CNTs in solution and on their surface chemistry and reactivity toward associated contaminants. The structure and chemical makeup of both CNTs and DOM determine their interactions and nature of formed complexes. CNTs, contaminants and DOM can co-occur in the aquatic environment. The occurrence of co-contaminants, as well as of co-introduction of DOM, was found to suppress the adsorption of organic contaminants to CNTs through both competition over adsorption sites and direct interactions in solution. Furthermore, the release of residual contaminants from CNTs could be enhanced by biomolecules found in the digestive as well as the respiratory tracts, thus increasing the bioaccessibility of adsorbed contaminants and possibly the overall toxicity of contaminant-associated CNTs. Contaminant desorption could be promoted by both solubilization and sorptive competition by biological surfactants. Scientific and agricultural implications: The information gained in the current project may assist in predicting the transport and fate of both CNTs and associated contaminants in the natural environment. Furthermore, the results imply a serious health risk from contaminant-associated CNTs.

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Ostersetzer-Biran, Oren, and Jeffrey Mower. Novel strategies to induce male sterility and restore fertility in Brassicaceae crops. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604267.bard.

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Abstract Mitochondria are the site of respiration and numerous other metabolic processes required for plant growth and development. Increased demands for metabolic energy are observed during different stages in the plants life cycle, but are particularly ample during germination and reproductive organ development. These activities are dependent upon the tight regulation of the expression and accumulation of various organellar proteins. Plant mitochondria contain their own genomes (mtDNA), which encode for rRNAs, tRNAs and some mitochondrial proteins. Although all mitochondria have probably evolved from a common alpha-proteobacterial ancestor, notable genomic reorganizations have occurred in the mtDNAs of different eukaryotic lineages. Plant mtDNAs are notably larger and more variable in size (ranging from 70~11,000 kbp in size) than the mrDNAs in higher animals (16~19 kbp). Another unique feature of plant mitochondria includes the presence of both circular and linear DNA fragments, which undergo intra- and intermolecular recombination. DNA-seq data indicate that such recombination events result with diverged mitochondrial genome configurations, even within a single plant species. One common plant phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtDNA configuration is cytoplasmic male sterility CMS (i.e. reduced production of functional pollen). The maternally-inherited male sterility phenotype is highly valuable agriculturally. CMS forces the production of F1 hybrids, particularly in predominantly self-pollinating crops, resulting in enhanced crop growth and productivity through heterosis (i.e. hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement). CMS lines have been implemented in some cereal and vegetables, but most crops still lack a CMS system. This work focuses on the analysis of the molecular basis of CMS. We also aim to induce nuclear or organellar induced male-sterility in plants, and to develop a novel approach for fertility restoration. Our work focuses on Brassicaceae, a large family of flowering plants that includes Arabidopsis thaliana, a key model organism in plant sciences, as well as many crops of major economic importance (e.g., broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and various seeds for oil production). In spite of the genomic rearrangements in the mtDNAs of plants, the number of genes and the coding sequences are conserved among different mtDNAs in angiosperms (i.e. ~60 genes encoding different tRNAs, rRNAs, ribosomal proteins and subunits of the respiratory system). Yet, in addition to the known genes, plant mtDNAs also harbor numerous ORFs, most of which are not conserved among species and are currently of unknown function. Remarkably, and relevant to our study, CMS in plants is primarily associated with the expression of novel chimericORFs, which likely derive from recombination events within the mtDNAs. Whereas the CMS loci are localized to the mtDNAs, the factors that restore fertility (Rfs) are identified as nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins. Interestingly, nearly all of the Rf’s are identified as pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, a large family of modular RNA-binding proteins that mediate several aspects of gene expression primarily in plant organelles. In this project we proposed to develop a system to test the ability of mtORFs in plants, which are closely related to known CMS factors. We will induce male fertility in various species of Brassicaceae, and test whether a down-relation in the expression of the recombinantCMS-genes restores fertility, using synthetically designed PPR proteins.

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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson, and Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report

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Methodology of sports working capacity level increase in basketball players on the basis of stimulation and rehabilitation means. Viktor V. Andreev, Igor E. Konovalov, Dmitriy S. Andreev, Aleksandr I. Morozov, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-1-5-11.

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The increased level of modern sport development increases the demands claimed on different aspects of the training process with further rehabilitation organization and realization. That is why we still have the problem of an adequate and effective integral system creation. The mentioned direction has a direct connection with the activity of scientists, coaches- practitioners and sports clubs. They have to work within one mechanism of interaction. Materials. Studying the level of working capacity influence stimulation and organism rehabilitation means on an organism of basketball players from higher educational establishments on the basis of a wildgrowing plant root “snowdon rose” (Rhodiola rosea), classical massage with special oils and contrast shower application. Research methods. The following methods were used in the experiment: scientific-methodical sources analysis concerning the level of working capacity and athletes’ functional rehabilitation increase; functional tests; the received video material with the indices analysis; mathematical statistics. The research realization was on the basis of N.F. Katanov State University, Khakassia and Khakassia Technical Institute (branch) of Siberian Federal University in Abakan. Results. During the research work we stated qualitative and quantitative indices of athletes’ coordinating endurance with the help of video together with other mentioned above rehabilitation means; the received results were handled and we revealed positive changes in the studied information values of basketball players’ motor sphere and respiratory system. Conclusion. The results analysis, received after the research, helped to come to the following conclusion: out of the presented components the biological factor in a form of a wild-growing plant root “snowdon rose” (Rhodiola rosea) has the main influence on the working capacity and functional rehabilitation of basketball players’ organisms.

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