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Books on the topic 'Respiratory investigations'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Bush, Andrew, and Jane C. Davies. Paediatric respiratory disease: Parenchymal diseases : an atlas of investigation and management. Oxford, UK: Clinical Pub., 2011.

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2

Blackwell, Malcolm Peter. Investigation of a biochemical marker of pulmonary eosinophil influx as a predictive assay for low molecular weight respiratory sensitisers. [Derby: University of Derby], 1999.

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3

Flannigan, B. Microorganisms in home and indoor work environments: Diversity, health impacts, investigation and control. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011.

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4

Microorganisms in home and indoor work environments: Diversity, health impacts, investigation, and control. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2011.

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5

Herbert, Lara, and Bruce McCormick. Respiratory disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0005.

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This chapter describes the anaesthetic management of the patient with respiratory disease. It describes the assessment of respiratory function and preoperative respiratory investigations, and ventilatory strategies to reduce pulmonary complications. Common respiratory conditions covered include respiratory tract infection, smoking, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea, sarcoidosis, restrictive pulmonary disease, and the patient with a transplanted lung. For each topic, preoperative investigation and optimization, treatment, and anaesthetic management are described. Recommendations for the patient who may require post-operative respiratory support (e.g. non-invasive ventilation) are provided.
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6

Herbert, Lara, and Bruce McCormick. Respiratory disease. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0005_update_001.

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This chapter describes the anaesthetic management of the patient with respiratory disease. It describes the assessment of respiratory function and preoperative respiratory investigations, and ventilatory strategies to reduce pulmonary complications. Common respiratory conditions covered include respiratory tract infection, smoking, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea, sarcoidosis, restrictive pulmonary disease, and the patient with a transplanted lung. For each topic, preoperative investigation and optimization, treatment, and anaesthetic management are described. Recommendations for the patient who may require post-operative respiratory support (e.g. non-invasive ventilation) are provided.
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7

Crouch, Robert, Alan Charters, Mary Dawood, and Paula Bennett, eds. Respiratory emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688869.003.0007.

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Respiratory problems are very common in emergency and urgent care settings. This chapter provides detailed guidance on how to assess a patient who presents with breathlessness. Appropriate investigations are identified, with suggested indications. The remainder of the chapter covers the nursing assessment, investigations, and initial management of a comprehensive list of respiratory problems, including injuries to the chest wall and lungs.
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8

Haldar, Pranabashis. Investigation in respiratory disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0127.

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Investigation in respiratory disease may be broadly classified as (1) tests that aid with diagnosis; (2) tests that assess disease severity—these are usually measures of respiratory function and inform prognosis; and (3) tests that assess disease activity—these are usually non-invasive biomarkers, enabling serial measurement, and may inform therapy. One of the challenges of respiratory medicine is the limited spectrum of clinical expression associated with a diverse spectrum of pathologies. Clinical symptoms in respiratory medicine are often of poor specificity for securing a diagnosis or assessing disease severity. Investigations, therefore, necessarily form a critical part of assessment. The most appropriate choice of investigation is an important component of clinical decision-making that affects patient care and may be influenced by a number of different questions that the clinician will need to consider.
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9

Jolly, Elaine, Andrew Fry, and Afzal Chaudhry, eds. Respiratory medicine. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199230457.003.0018.

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Chapter 18 covers the basic science and clinical topics relating to respiratory medicine which trainees are required to learn as part of their basic training and demonstrate in the MRCP. The chapter starts with an introduction to the respiratory system, before covering respiratory defence and physiology, respiratory investigations, respiratory failure, pneumonia, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, pleural effusion, chronic obstructive pulmonary Disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome, asthma , fungal lung diseases, pulmonary embolism , lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, occupational lung diseases, sarcoidosis, Cor pulmonale and pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, cough and haemoptysis, pulmonary eosinophilia, and obstructive sleep apnoea.
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10

Parker, Robert, Catherine Thomas, and Lesley Bennett, eds. Emergencies in Respiratory Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199202447.001.0001.

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Emergencies in Respiratory Medicine shows the user how to deal with emergency admissions to hospital through six sections: presentations, clinical scenarios, acute conditions, chronic conditions, practical and management issues, and investigations.
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11

Wise, Matt, and Paul Frost. ICU treatment of respiratory failure. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0149.

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Respiratory failure is a syndrome characterized by defective gas exchange due to inadequate function of the respiratory system. There is a failure to oxygenate blood (hypoxaemia) and/or eliminate carbon dioxide (hypercapnoea). Respiratory failure can develop over years when it is due to conditions such as kyphoscoliosis or motor neuron disease, or minutes in the case of an acute asthma attack or pneumothorax. In this context, respiratory failure is often called acute (e.g. asthma), chronic (e.g. kyphoscoliosis), or acute on chronic (kyphoscoliosis complicated by pneumonia). Chronic respiratory failure is characterized by compensatory mechanisms which aim to adjust the pH of the blood back to the normal physiological range and involve the retention of bicarbonate by the kidney. This topic covers the etiology of respiratory failure as well as signs, symptoms, diagnosis, investigations, prognosis, and treatment.
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12

Suresh, Sneha, and Vivek Vijayan Menon. Fundamentals of Cardio-Respiratory Investigations and Musculoskeletal Examinations for Physiotherapists: A Guide to Clinical Practice. INSC International Publisher (IIP), 2021.

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13

Patterson, Caroline, and Meg Coleman. Revision Notes for the Respiratory Medicine Specialty Certificate Examination. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199693481.001.0001.

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The newly introduced Specialty Certificate Examinations are a compulsory component of assessment for all UK medical trainees and represent the final examination barrier before getting the certificate of completion of training. This book provides a unique exam-specific revision guide for the Respiratory specialty certificate exam. Comprising of best of five test multiple choice questions and revision notes to facilitate targeted study, Revision Notes for the Respiratory Medicine Specialty Certificate Examination is the only book you need to prepare for this important examination. Questions are based around clinical scenarios and supplemented with images of radiological investigations such as x-rays, and lung function tests. Each question is structured as in the exam itself. The second half of the book comprises of a series of tutorials covering key areas and difficult concepts assessed in the examination including respiratory infection, respiratory malignancy, industrial lung disease, sleep disorders, standard respiratory tests and medical statistics. The combined approach allows trainees to become acquainted with the "best of five" format and facilitate recognition of areas of weakness and targeted study.
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14

Longmore, Murray, Ian B. Wilkinson, Andrew Baldwin, and Elizabeth Wallin. Chest medicine. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609628.003.0004.

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Signs:Examining the respiratory system –Investigations:Bedside tests in chest medicineFurther investigations in chest medicinePulmonary conditions:PneumoniaSpecific pneumoniasComplications of pneumoniaBronchiectasisCystic fibrosis (cf)Fungi and the lungLung tumoursAsthmaManagement of chronic asthmaChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (...
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15

Orlikowski, David, and Tarek Sharshar. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and assessment of neuromuscular syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0243.

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Admission to ICU with severe limb weakness, or the occurrence of a respiratory or motor deficit, and failure to wean from mechanical ventilation while in the intensive care unit are common presentations of a neuromuscular disease. Neuromuscular diseases include neuronopathies, neuropathies, myasthenic syndromes, and myopathies. An accurate neurological examination and complementary investigations are necessary for both diagnosis and for evaluating the severity of the disease. Assessment of respiratory muscle function is a key step in deciding the need for mechanical ventilation and subsequently its weaning. Hypercapnia often indicates an impending respiratory arrest, but normocapnia, which can be seen in a patient with severe reduction in vital capacity is not reassuring. Hypoxaemia can be due to hypercapnia, pulmonary injury (atelectasis or pneumonia), or pulmonary embolism. Cardiac evaluation is important as cardiomyopathies are frequent in myopathies.
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16

A respiratory symptom of tobacco poisoning and its experimental investigation. [S.l: s.n., 1986.

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17

Hoyles, Rachel K., and Athol U. Wells. Respiratory system. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0020.

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Pulmonary involvement is common in the connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Improved management of systemic disease has led to increasing numbers of surviving patients with clinically significant pulmonary disease. Screening for pulmonary complications highlights the frequency of subclinical involvement. In this chapter, the pulmonary manifestations of the more common CTDs are detailed, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and, more briefly, ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A broad spectrum of pulmonary disorders are seen in association with the CTDs or the drugs used to treat the underlying disorder, including interstitial lung disease, pulmonary infections, airways disease, pulmonary nodules, pleural disease, chest wall pathology and pulmonary vascular disease; the discussion is stratified by pulmonary complication. In many cases, two or more pulmonary manifestations of CTD coexist or there are other concurrent diseases such as asthma and lung cancer, resulting in potentially confusing mixed imaging and pulmonary function abnormalities. This chapter presents a comprehensive approach to the investigation, screening, prognostic evaluation, and treatment decisions in pulmonary disease associated with the CTDs.
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18

Armstrong, Neil, and Samantha G. Fawkner. Exercise metabolism. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0016.

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Chapter 16, to better understand the interplay of anaerobic and aerobic exercise metabolism during growth and maturation, compares and contrasts the development of maximal measures of anaerobic and aerobic performance, analyses relevant data from muscle biopsy investigations, reviews studies of substrate utilization during exercise, and explores recent insights into muscle metabolism provided by rigorous analyses of breath-by-breath respiratory gases and 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) spectra.
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19

Hulse, Elspeth J., and Michael Eddleston. Management of pesticide and agricultural chemical poisoning. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0330.

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Poisoning with agricultural chemicals is common in rural Asia-Pacific with up to 300,000 annual deaths from pesticide self-poisoning. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pesticides can vary markedly depending on the chemicals ingested, the pesticide’s lipid solubility, enzyme reactivation, co-ingested toxicants, and extent of decontamination and organ dysfunction. Diagnosis and management is based on clinical signs and standard investigations. Staff should wear standard universal precaution attire for examining and treating patients; nosocomial poisoning is rare. Management of poisonings should include careful airway intervention and administration of oxygen, except in suspected paraquat poisoning. Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning causes a cholinergic crisis with excess airway secretions and acute respiratory failure. Patients should be treated with intravenous atropine and observed for the neuromuscular disorder ‘intermediate syndrome’, which can cause further paralysis and respiratory failure after 24 hours. Few antidotes exist for other agricultural chemical poisonings with the mainstay of treatment being supportive standard ICU care.
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20

Harrison, Mark. Infection. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198765875.003.0056.

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This chapter describes the pathology of infection as it applies to Emergency Medicine, and in particular the Primary FRCEM examination. The chapter outlines the key details of the causes, pathological processes, and investigations of respiratory tracts infections (upper and lower including pneumonia), meningitis and encephalitis, myocarditis and endocarditis, hepatitis, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, STD, pelvic inflammatory disease, cellulitis, infection of bones and joints, AIDS, pyrexia of unknown origin, malaria, and fungal infection. This chapter is laid out exactly following the RCEM syllabus, to allow easy reference and consolidation of learning.
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21

Keat, Andrew. Oligoarticular disease. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0008.

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Oligoarthritis is a pattern of arthritis which most commonly resolves into a member of the spondyloarthritis family or sarcoidosis. Uncommonly it progresses to forms of arthritis more commonly associated with polyarthritis or monoarthritis and rarely it is associated with malignant or paraneoplastic syndromes. Three key aspects of diagnosis are consideration of possible diagnoses in the patient's age and ethnic groups; careful consideration of the personal and family history; and a search for and correct identification of characteristic associated features. This frequently involves collaborative working with other specialists including dermatologists, ophthalmologists, genitourinary physicians, respiratory physicians, and others. Precise diagnosis usually then involves subsequent investigation for diagnostic features including evidence of recent infection, HLA B27, autoantibodies, tissue-specific features of sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and, occasionally, malignant disease. Management is dependent on clear diagnosis and precise delineation of underlying conditions such as infection. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a guide to the diagnostic approach and an algorithm for routine clinical practice. Detailed descriptions of the conditions included and investigations appropriate for the establishment or exclusion of individual diagnoses are discussed elsewhere in this volume.
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22

Shah, Anand, and Andrew Menzies-Gow. Severe asthma. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0002.

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Poorly controlled asthma is a common reason for referral to the respiratory clinic, and the majority of cases can be managed effectively by ensuring the correct diagnosis and ensuring good compliance with inhaled therapy. However, severe asthma affects up to 10% of patients with asthma and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, along with significant health-care costs from both inpatient treatment and lost work days. This chapter covers two cases of difficult-to-control asthma and highlights the role of detailed investigations when asthma control is not straightforward. It will cover the diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and severe asthma with fungal sensitization and discuss the role of omalizumab in managing severe asthma.
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23

Walder, Dave, and Paul Reading. Narcolepsy: still sleepy on CPAP. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0011.

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Sleep disorders are an increasingly common reason for referral to the respiratory clinic, and our understanding of the different aetiologies is increasing. The commonest sleep disorder is sleep apnoea, but other sleep disorders can cause similar symptoms. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to regulate the normal sleep-wake cycle and often presents with similar symptoms to obstructive sleep apnoea, daytime hypersomnolence, and disturbed night-time sleeping but is largely underdiagnosed. This chapter discusses a patient who presented with symptoms of daytime somnolence and witnessed apnoeas and details the investigations required for a diagnosis of narcolepsy. It covers the more specialized sleep studies required for a clinical diagnosis and the treatment options available for patients with this condition.
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24

Cooke, Graham. Viral infection. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0308.

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Viral infection includes any clinical illness caused by a pathogenic virus. Acute viral infections are amongst the most common illnesses of humans and range from minor upper respiratory tract infections to viral haemorrhagic fever. The principles in diagnosing acute viral infection are, first, recognize the syndrome, then identify key features that might suggest a specific diagnosis, and, finally, consider laboratory investigations to elucidate the specific causative agent. The host–pathogen response determines different outcomes for specific viral infections. After infection with some viruses (e.g. measles virus, rubella virus) protective immunity develops, there is no latency or chronic carriage, and reinfection is prevented. Another group of viruses, in the presence of inadequate immune response, can cause chronic infection (e.g. hepatitis B and C viruses). This chapter reviews the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of acute viral infections in immunocompetent individuals.
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25

Reid, John, Giovanni Leonardi, and Alex G. Stewart. Ambient air pollution and health. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198745471.003.0016.

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This chapter describes the impact of air pollution, including particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, on human health, through a case scenario where an increase in respiratory disease has been associated with changes in traffic density and increases in pollution indices. Background information on pollutants and air quality measurements is given based on WHO criteria. The importance of multidisciplinary input to such investigations is emphasized, involving specialists in toxicology and environmental science, as well as health protection staff. The role of geographical information systems in mapping air pollution levels to identify localities where guideline values are exceeded is emphasized, together with health impact assessments to monitor public health outcomes. The complex local, social, and political aspects that may arise are considered, and so endure engagement and communication with different interest groups. The final part clearly outlines currently unanswered questions and how they should be studied and managed in the future.
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26

Russell, Georgina, and Onn Min Kon. Tuberculosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0022.

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Tuberculosis is an important infection globally, with 1.45 million deaths attributed to tuberculosis in 2010 by the World Health Organization. Respiratory physicians need to be familiar with the varied presentations and management of this disease. In addition, the proportion of cases now presenting with extrapulmonary disease are approximately half of all cases, and of particular relevance is mediastinal node tuberculosis which represents about 10% of all cases of tuberculosis in the United Kingdom. This chapter presents the case of a patient with miliary tuberculosis who developed significant drug toxicities with antituberculous therapy. The chapter reviews the role of different investigations in making a diagnosis, including the role of the Mantoux test and interferon-gamma release assays, and discusses the often challenging job of contact tracing. Finally, the chapter reviews the management of both sensitive and drug-resistant disease, along with how to manage adverse drug reactions.
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27

Barry, Patricia Dowling. AN INVESTIGATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY, AND SKIN TEMPERATURE CHANGES DURING RELAXATION AND ANGER INDUCTIONS. 1991.

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28

Southey, Angela K. Investigation of neutrophil activation in the lower respiratory tract of patients with interstitial lung disease. 1994.

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29

executive, Health and safety. Investigation of Factors Affecting the Performance of Power-Assisted Full-Facepiece Respirators in Use. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), 2000.

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30

Forsyth, Rob, and Richard Newton. Consultation with other services. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784449.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses the common task of being asked by another paediatric specialty to review a child with neurological symptoms. It addresses common clinical scenarios and presents the principles of good practice. The specialties considered are cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, neonatology, neurosurgery, oncology, intensive care, child psychiatry, nephrology, respiratory medicine, and rheumatology. Advice on causation and patterns of presentation is given along with cross-reference to information on investigation, treatment and outcome.
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31

Bowker, Lesley K., James D. Price, Ku Shah, and Sarah C. Smith. Chest medicine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738381.003.0011.

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This chapter provides information on the ageing lung, respiratory infections, influenza, pneumonia, pneumonia treatment, vaccinating against pneumonia and influenza, pulmonary fibrosis, rib fractures, pleural effusions, pulmonary embolism, aspiration pneumonia/pneumonitis, lung cancers, chronic cough, presentation of tuberculosis, tuberculosis investigation, treatment of tuberculosis, assessment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), drug treatment of asthma and COPD, non-drug treatment of asthma and COPD, oxygen therapy, and asbestos-related disease.
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32

Hill, Adam T., F. X. Emmanuel, and WHB Wallace. Pulmonary Infection: An Atlas of Investigation and Management. Informa Healthcare, 2004.

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33

Squire, Peter. Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199764495.003.0012.

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Adenotonsillectomy has become first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and it is increasingly performed as a day-case procedure. A diagnosis of OSA increases the risk for postoperative respiratory morbidity from 1% to approximately 20% and unfortunately, the clinical history may be unreliable at distinguishing which children are at greatest risk. The gold standard investigation is overnight polysomnography (PSG), but this is a scarce resource considering the number of procedures performed. Fortunately, overnight home pulse oximetry also provides a useful stratification of severity and may predict postoperative problems. Children with OSA have a respiratory drive and airway tone that may be exquisitely sensitive to anesthetic and analgesic agents. Accordingly, the anesthesiologist needs to identify which patients are most at risk, and therefore which patients can be managed as “day cases,” what is an appropriate anesthetic regimen, and how best to monitor these patients postoperatively.
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34

Baldwin, Matthew, and Hannah Wunsch. Mortality after Critical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0003.

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Many critically ill patients now survive what were previously fatal illnesses, but long-term mortality after critical illness remains high. While study populations vary by country, age, intervention, or specific diagnosis, investigations demonstrate that the majority of additional deaths occur in the first 6 to 12 months after hospital discharge. Patients with diagnoses of cancer, respiratory failure, and neurological disorders leading to the need for intensive care have the highest long-term mortality, while those with trauma and cardiovascular diseases have much lower long-term mortality. Use of mechanical ventilation, older age, and a need for care in a facility after the acute hospitalization are associated with particularly high 1-year mortality among survivors of critical illnesses. Due to challenges of follow-up, less is known about causes of delayed mortality following critical illness. Longitudinal studies of survivors of pneumonia, stroke, and patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation suggest that most debilitated survivors die from recurrent infections and sepsis. Potential biologic mechanisms for increased risk of death after a critical illness include sepsis-induced immunoparalysis, intensive care unit-acquired weakness, neuroendocrine changes, poor nutrition, and genetic variance. Studies are needed to fully understand how the severity of the acute critical illness interacts with comorbid disease, pre-illness disability, and pre-existing and acquired frailty to affect long-term mortality. Such studies will be fundamental to improve targeting of rehabilitative, therapeutic, and palliative interventions to improve both survival and quality of life after critical illness.
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35

Forsyth, Rob, and Richard Newton. Specific conditions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784449.003.0004.

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This chapter adopts a systematic approach to common diagnoses in paediatric neurology, aetiologies, management to include investigation and treatment, and outcome. For each condition current knowledge on cause and underlying biology is summarized. A rational approach to investigation and treatment is summarized for each topic. These include: acquired brain injury; autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease of the CNS; cerebral palsy and neurodisability which covers feeding, communication, special senses, and respiratory disease; demyelinating disease; epilepsy including its impact on daily life; non-epileptic paroxysmal phenomena; functional illness, illness behaviour; headache; hydrocephalus; spina bifida and related disorders; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; infection of the CNS; congenital infection; mitochondrial disease; movement disorders; neuromuscular disease which covers neuropathy, anterior horn cell disease, and myasthenic syndromes; neurocutaneous syndromes; neurodegenerative conditions; late presentations of metabolic disease; neurotransmitter disorders; sleep disorders; stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage; tumours of the CNS; and vitamin-responsive disorders.
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36

Evans, Charlotte, Anne Creaton, Marcus Kennedy, and Terry Martin, eds. Neonatal retrieval. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722168.003.0018.

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Infants requiring retrieval at or soon after birth, often present complex medical and retrieval challenges. Many of these infants will require significant stabilization and definitive care prior to transport and all will require careful preparation for potential in-transit deterioration. A wide spectrum of neonatal pathologies will be encountered in the retrieval setting, many of which will remain undifferentiated until further investigation at a receiving centre is performed. This chapter describes the diagnosis, acute resuscitation, and retrieval management of neonates with respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, surgical, metabolic, and infectious pathologies as well as the approach to the undifferentiated, unwell neonate. Essential neonatal practical procedures are described, including airway procedures and vascular access, and normal laboratory results for neonates are outlined.
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37

Hatfield, Anthea. Metabolism. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199666041.003.0024.

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This chapter tells you how homeostasis in the body is achieved. Contributing factors such as stress, hormones, and the automatic nervous system are integrated into the discussion in a thoughtful way. The problem of cold postoperative patients is thoroughly referenced to modern investigation. Diabetes, how surgery destabilizes diabetics, and how to use insulin is explained. Malignant hyperthermia, thyroid storm, and acid—base disorders are all problems that can occur in the recovery room and guidelines for the management of these patients are outlined. Hydrogen ions affect haemoglobin and biochemical reactions and can cause acidosis and alkalosis—this chapter outlines how to interpret the blood gas results. How to distinguish between respiratory and metabolic causes of acid—base disorders is simply and clearly explained.
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38

Morley, Jason. Investigation of computer aided prediction of toxicity using structure activity relationships (SAR's): The development of practical SAR rules for skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation and corrosion. 1996.

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39

Farne, Hugo, Edward Norris-Cervetto, and James Warbrick-Smith. Oxford Cases in Medicine and Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198716228.001.0001.

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Oxford Cases in Medicine and Surgery, second edition, teaches students a logical step-by-step diagnostic approach to common patient presentations. This approach mirrors that used by successful clinicians on the wards, challenging students with questions at each stage of a case (history-taking, examination, investigation, management). In tackling these questions, students understand how to critically analyse information and learn to integrate their existing knowledge to a real-life scenario from start to finish. Each chapter focuses on a common presenting symptom (e.g. chest pain). By starting with a symptom, mirroring real life settings, students learn to draw on their knowledge of different physiological systems - for example, cardiology, respiratory, gastroenterology - at the same time. All the major presenting symptoms in general medicine and surgery are covered, together with a broad range of pathologies. This book is an essential resource for all medicine students, and provides a modern, well-rounded introduction to life on the wards. Ideal for those starting out in clinical medicine and an ideal refresher for those revising for OSCEs and finals.
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