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Wu, Bingbing. "Ensuring Respiratory Protection through Respirator Fit Testing and Real-Time Monitoring." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535374058309808.
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Jonasson, Simon. "Phoenix. : PPE wildfire respirator." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162081.
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Forest fires has become an increasing threat all over the world. Pollution and rising greenhouse gases has led to an ever increase in global temperatures. Sweden has previously been spared from larger fires, but in the past few year it has been been made clear that these climate changes will affect the number and intensity of forest fires. In this project I have investigated how forest fires work and how the process of extinguishing them looks today. With a focus on the personal equipment I have looked into how to improve the working environment and the safety for fire-fighters. Using the design process this problem is tackled from a holistic point of view, looking at both the users and context. The solutions presented in this project is a professional safety product called “Phoenix. PPe Wildfire respirator”. A lightweight portable oxygen harness with an attached emergency mask.
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Li, Hancao. "Modeling and control of a pressure-limited respirator and lung mechanics." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47667.
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The lungs are particularly vulnerable to acute, critical illness. Respiratory failure can result not only from primary lung pathology, such as pneumonia, but also as a secondary consequence of heart failure or inflammatory illness, such as sepsis or trauma. When this occurs, it is essential to support patients with mechanical ventilation while the fundamental disease process is addressed. The goal of mechanical ventilation is to ensure adequate ventilation, which involves a magnitude of gas exchange that leads to the desired blood level of carbon dioxide, and adequate oxygenation that ensures organ function. Achieving these goals is complicated by the fact that mechanical ventilation can actually cause acute lung injury, either by inflating the lungs to excessive volumes or by using excessive pressures to inflate the lungs. Thus, the challenge to mechanical ventilation is to produce the desired blood levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen without causing further acute lung injury.
In this research, we develop an analysis and control synthesis framework for a pressure-limited respirator and lung mechanics system using compartment models. Specifically, a general mathematical model is developed for the dynamic behavior of a multicompartment respiratory system. Then, based on this multicompartment model, an optimal respiratory pattern is characterized using classical calculus of variations minimization techniques for inspiratory and expiratory breathing cycles. Furthermore, model predictive controller frameworks are designed to track the given optimal respiratory air flow pattern while satisfying control input amplitude and rate constrains.
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Gardner, Jan Maria, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "Assessment of effective implementation of respirator programs in industry in NSW." THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Gardner_J.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/781.
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In spite of the substantial repository of literature about respirators, little is known about the practicalities of their use. The focus of this research was about the practical aspects of using respirators in New South Wales workplaces. Two self-administered postal surveys were used to assess the level of implementation of respirator programs in 1996 and 2001. After five years, six elements improved. The most improvement was seen in the area of documentation including written procedures, keeping training records, recording respirator tasks, and maintenance records. The second survey investigated respirator maintenance and found little automated cleaning. Thorough washing was scarce with more than 50% of organisations relying on moist towelettes. For the third portion of the research methodology 485 used, half facepiece reusable respirators from 36 different sites were examined to determine the most common respirator defects. Maintenance and cleaning procedures were primitive and probably inadequate. Disinfection or sanitisation was common practice indicating concern about infectious diseases. The 2001 survey found that physical inspection of respirators in the workplace usually checked for the common types of defects found in the examination of used respirators. Weight, breathing resistance, heat and tightness were reported as causes of discomfort. The key outcomes from the research were that respirator programs were poorly implemented in a group of organisations that were expected to have more expertise than most and that the most common defects could be corrected by good respirator cleaning programs.Doctor of Philosphy (PhD)
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Larsson, Jessica, and Gun Syversen. "Intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av patientens urträning ur respirator." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4285.
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Intensivvårdsjuksköterskan möter i sitt dagliga arbete många patienter som behandlas i respirator. Långvarig respiratorbehandling innebär ofta ökade risker för komplikationer. Med anledningen av detta är det viktigt att minska tiden i respirator med effektiv urträning. Att tränas ur respiratorn är en individuell process och bör därför anpassas efter patientens förmåga. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av tracheostomerade patienters urträning ur respirator. Metoden var kvalitativ och datainsamlingen genomfördes med intervjuer av fem intensivvårdsjuksköterskor på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige. Intervjuerna analyserades med latent kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att urträningsprocessen är ett komplext fenomen och beskriver intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av olika möjligheter och hinder som kan påverka patienten i urträningsprocessen. Dessa beskrivs närmare under tre kategorier: IVA sjuksköterskans kompetens, att vara medveten om patientens olika förutsättningar och ett fungerande samarbete har betydelse för urträningen. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan ansågs ha en betydelsefull roll i patientens urträning och för det krävdes kunskaper och erfarenheter. Dokumentation och utvärdering har betydelse för en framgångsrik urträning. Varje patient har olika förutsättningar och det är individuellt hur mycket patienten klarar av. Urträningen påverkas av patientens välbefinnande, andning och cirkulation. Kommunikation och medverkan av både personal och patient ansågs även viktigt i urträningsprocessen.
The critical care nurse faces in her daily work, many patients who are mechanically ventilated. Prolonged ventilated treatment often means increased risk of complications therefore it is important to reduce the time on the ventilator with effective weaning. Weaning from ventilator is an individual process and should be adapted to the patient’s ability. The aim was to describe the critical care nurses’ experiences of tracheotomy patient’s weaning from ventilator. The research method was qualitative and the data collection was conducted with interviews of five critical care nurses in a hospital in central Sweden. The interviews were analyzed with latent qualitative content analysis. The result shows that the weaningprocess is a complex phenomenon and describes the critical care nurses´ experiences of different opportunities and barriers that may affect the patient in the weaning process. These experiences are described in detail in three categories; the critical care nurse’s competence, to be aware of the patient’s different conditions and good cooperation has been important for weaning. The critical care nurse was considered to have a significant role in the weaning process and for that she requires knowledge and experience. Documentation and evaluation are important for a successful weaning. Each patient has different circumstances and it is an individual process how much the patient can cope. The weaning process is affected by the patient’s wellbeing, breathing and circulation. Communication and involvement of both staff and patient was also considered important in the weaningprocess.
Specialistsjuksköterska med inriktning mot intensivvård
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Balkhyour, Mansour. "Factors that affect respirator fit-testing programs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289239.
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Respirators are used to minimize the exposure to air contaminants. A good fit is essential for the effective functioning of a respirator. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires an annual respirator fit testing. Respirator fit can be assessed either qualitatively or quantitatively. Two studies were conducted to assess the fit testing program with specific objectives to: (1) assess leak rates in full and half mask respirators; (2) assess the effectiveness of "feedback"1 on the quality of fit; (3) evaluate the effect of daily beard growth on respirator leak rates. In the first study, it was found that the half mask respirator has a significantly lower leak rate than the full face respirator. A significant reduction in leak rate in both respirator types with "feedback" was also observed. The finding that half mask respirators have lower leak rates directly contradicts American National Standard Institute's (ANSI) guidelines of higher Assigned Protection Factor (APF) for full mask respirator. Further studies are necessary to determine these findings and to amend respirator recommendations in the future. As expected in the second study, beard growth was associated with respirator leak rate. The effect of daily growth on leak rate over a period of twelve days could be defined by a second order regression equation. An attempt was made to describe some characteristics of beard that affect the leak rate. After 12 days of beard growth, it was found that the aspect ratio (length/diameter) of hair was inversely correlated with leak rate (r = 0.64). 1Feedback: A numerical value measuring the minimum leak rate that can be gotten from a respirator fitting with a normal donning.
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Murphy, Richard Wright 1958. "Quantitative respirator fit testing by negative pressure." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276947.
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An automated system for quantitative respirator fit testing by negative pressure was evaluated by comparison testing with a computerized aerosol fit test system (Dynatech Frontier Model 260A). The new negative pressure system measures leakage flow while inspiratory pressures are sustained in a respirator facepiece rather than by pressure decay. Four phases of comparison testing were graduated by level of control, ranging from non-subject tests with hypodermic needle leakages to fit tests of 125 Air Force personnel. Throughout the series of tests, negative pressure fit factors were consistently more conservative than aerosol fit factors and showed less variability. Leakage flow rates measured by the negative pressure instrument were highly correlated with leak needle cross-sectional area as predicted by principles of air-flow physics. Comparison of subject and non-subject generated aerosol fit factors indicated significant aerosol losses, possibly due to streamlining and respiratory tract deposition. Negative pressure fit factors were not affected by these subject-related losses.
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Dahlberg, Emma, and Fanny Glantz. "Att behandlas med respirator på en intensivvårdsavdelning." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28120.
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Euteneuer, Sara. "Entwöhnung vom Respirator nach Langzeitbeatmung outcome langzeitbeatmeter Patienten /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2004/0621/.
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Newnum, Justin Dale. "The effects of relative humidity on respirator performance." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/861.
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Wallaart, Johannes Christiaan Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Identification, elimination and reduction of barriers to the effective use of respiratory personal protective equipment." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Safety Science, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43293.
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This thesis is concerned with the identification, elimination and reduction of barriers to the use of personal respiratory protective equipment (RPE) in the workplace to reduce and prevent occupational inhalation disease. Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) is widely used in industry, health, emergency response, military settings and many other applications and are in daily use by thousands of people in Australasia. The equipment is generally used to filter or ab/adsorb the contaminants from the air prior to delivery to the wearer by filtering or ad/absorbing contaminants from the air prior to being breathed. There is increasing concerns being expressed worldwide as well as in Australia and New Zealand about the apparent increase in diagnosed occupational diseases and the use of RPE is an essential preventative measure able to be adopted by workplaces. The use of this type of equipment is the option after the preferred options of elimination and isolation of the individual from the contaminant in the atmosphere. In spite of this, many different types of RPE are routinely in use. There are, however, enormous practical, physiological and psychological difficulties in the wearing of RPE. Concerns have been expressed in the literature as well as in practical situations that many different types of RPE was unable to meet the needs of workers, particularly as related to airflows and that current standards did not reflect the real-life workplace demands. This work set out to determine an improved methodology for users to determine the total inward leakage (TIL), the different types and quantities of airflows, particularly Peak Inspiratory Air Flows (PIAF). When communicating (an essential aspect in the workplace for safety reasons), PIAFs rise dramatically. This work showed that PIAF were very high, particularly when communicating, and is likely to exceed the ability of many commercial types of commercially available respiratory equipment as well being in excess of the certification requirements of standard bodies. In addition, Minute Volumes (MV) in a typical Australian workforce were shown to be very variable between individuals and current certification requirement of airflows do not appear to reflect practical use. The thesis further investigated using a questionnaire survey, the knowledge and current intervention measures adopted by farmers in different sections of agriculture, particularly dairy farming. Agriculture in New Zealand is a critical economic activity, employing 10% of the total workforce. This work showed that in spite of many different types of intervention activity spread over many years by Government agencies and private organisations to date, limited awareness exists of inhalation diseases and appropriate types of RPE in different applications (for example, confined space applications). The research would suggest that a different and more intensive approach is needed by Government agencies to address the problem in this workplace community if workplace inhalation diseases are to be reduced in the future.
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Thompson, Timothy V. "Solid-state NMR studies of absorption onto activated carbon." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5228/.
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This is a study of adsorption on three activated carbon substrates using solid- state NMR. The adsorbates used as probe molecules included a range of phosphates, phosphonates and deuterated water. High-resolution (^31)p and (^2)H NMR spectra have been obtained using magic-angle spinning and a single-pulse regime. The deuterium results include the generation of an adsorption isotherm. The traditional gravimetric analysis and NMR experiments were run concurrently. These results showed that the NMR technique was qualitatively and quantitatively accurate, while the proven adsorption isotherm theory could be applied to the NMR results. The additional information given by the (^2)H NMR results showed evidence of two distinct adsorption sites. Initial adsorption in the micropores gives a peak shifted by 6 ppm to low frequency of the liquid (^2)H(_2)O. This peak was broadened due to restricted motion in the micropores. The second peak was observed only at high relative humidities and was attributed to adsorption on the external surface or in macropores. The chemical shift was similar to that of the pure liquid. The (^31)p NMR results were used to directly observe the adsorption of phosphates with a range of molecular sizes. The NMR data were used to calculate the micropore accessibility for each phosphate. Differences in the adsorption mechanism were recorded, and direct comparison for each carbon gave some structural information. It was possible to follow competition reactions over time periods of 1 min to 24 hours. A battlefield simulation was studied, with (^2)H(_2)O and a phosphate competing for the adsorption sites. The NMR results showed that the phosphate was preferentially adsorbed into the micropores, displacing the (^2)H(_2)O However, the addition of (^2)H(_2)O to a carbon saturated with a phosphate enabled more phosphate to be adsorbed into the micropores via a cooperative mechanism. Measurements of the transverse relaxation for adsorbed molecules suggest that the broad micropore signal consists of some overlapping peaks. The peaks width similar chemical shift are attributed to adsorption in pores with differing dimensions. The natural linewidth involves broadening caused by restricted anisotropic motion within the micropores.
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Ahlstrand, Kerstin. "Intensivvårdssjuksköterskans åtgärder som kan underlätta urträning från respirator : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21557.
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Waka, Betelhem. "Survival and Inactivation of Bacteriophage Φ6 on N95 Respirator Material." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/249.
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Introduction: Preventing healthcare professionals from acquiring occupational infectious diseases is very important in maintaining healthcare delivery systems. For protection in the work place, healthcare professionals use PPE which helps prevent exposure to pathogens during patient care. N95 respirators protect healthcare workers against airborne pathogens that are known to be associated with different respiratory diseases. Since previous studies have shown that viruses can survive on PPE surfaces, it is important to examine the survival of viruses on respirators to determine if reuse of the same N95 respirator is possible when PPE shortages occur.
Goal: The goal of this research is to determine the inactivation of bacteriophage Φ6 on the surface of N95 respirators at ambient temperature and two different relative humidity levels, 40 and 60%.
Result: The linear regression showed that rate of inactivation was much lower in 40% than 60% RH (40%: Slope= -0.046± 0.007040; 60%: Slope= -0.20± 0.006136). Over 24 hours, there was a ~1 Log10 reduction in virus at 20°C and 40% RH, while there was a ~4 Log10 reduction at 20°C and 60% RH. Within the timeframe of a single patient encounter, there was a <0.02 Log10 reduction in virus at 40% RH and a <0.1 Log10 reduction at 60% RH.
Conclusion: Bacteriophage Φ6 survives on N95 respirators for up to 24 hours at ambient temperature and 40 and 60% relative humidity levels. Inactivation rate was lower in 40% than 60% RH. The results showed that enveloped viruses survive on the surface of N95 respirators for longer than a single patient encounter. Therefore, this should be taken into consideration when doing a risk assessment of reusing N95 respirators when shortages occur.
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Boothe, Gregory David 1956. "Exercise protocols and their effects on quantitative respirator fit tests." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277122.
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A negative pressure quantitative fit testing device was used to test the effect exercise protocol has on leakage rates into a negative pressure respirator. Modified exercise protocols were developed for use with the negative pressure system. Aerosol data was analyzed to determine the effect exercises have had on leakage rates using other QNFT systems. Results show that the position of the head affects the amount of leakage into the facepiece. Mean leakage into the respirator mask increased for all positions tested in one phase of the study. However, statistical analysis of the data showed that the increase was not statistically significant. Aerosol data analysis also showed that increases in leakage into the mask were not statistically significant. Conclusions drawn from this study are that although movement of the head may affect the leakage into a respirator it is not significant enough to alter the protection afforded the worker.
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Emilsson, Johan, and Jonna Kumpula. "Intensivvårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av patienters avvänjning från respirator: : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42169.
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Bakgrund: Avvänjning från respirator är en stor del av intensivvården. Där övergången från att andas med hjälp av respirator till att hitta den egna spontana andningen är en komplex uppgift för intensivvårdsjuksköterskan och kräver både tid och kompetens. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av vuxna patienters avvänjning från respirator. Metod: Kvalitativ design med semistrukturerade intervjufrågor användes. Studien innehöll totalt åtta stycken deltagare från två sjukhus i Sverige. Innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats användes vid analysen. Resultat: När analysen var klar framkom 5 stycken kategorier. Kategorierna var: Att förbereda och informera patienten, att patienten inte är stressad, att använda avvägningsprotokoll, betydelse av samarbete och kommunikation samt patientens tid i respiratorn har betydelse. Resultatet belyste sjuksköterskans erfarenheter kring en individuell vård, samarbetet och kommunikation. Diskussion: Ett protokoll som efterföljs har visat sig förbättra avvänjningen för patienten, samtidigt bör en individuell planering finnas med. Kommunikationen och närhet med patienten är viktig för att kunna åtgärda oro och stress och skapa trygghet. Slutsats: Resultatet påvisade att det var viktigt med kommunikation mellan intensivvårdssjuksköterskan, patienten och läkaren. Det var också viktigt att ge patienten bra förutsättningar till att lyckas med avvänjningen.Background: Weaning from the respirator is a large part of intensive care. The transition from breathing with the help of a respirator to finding its own spontaneous breathing is a complex task for the intensive care nurse and requires both time and competence. Aim: To describe the intensive care nurse's experience of adult patients weaning from respirator. Method: Qualitative design with semi-structured interview questions was used. The study included a total of eight participants from two hospitals in Sweden. Content analysis with inductive approach was used in the analysis. Results: When the analysis was completed, five categories. The categories were: Prepering and informing the patient, that the patient is not stressed, using balancing protocols, importance of cooperation and communication and the patient´s time in the respirator is important. The result highlighted the nurseś experiences regarding individual care, cooperation and communication. Discussion: A protocol that was followed has been shown to improve the respitory weaning for the patient while at the same time a individual planning should be involved. Communication and vicinity for the patient are important in order to be able to remedy anxiety and stress and create security. Conclusion: The result showed that communication between the intensive care nurse, the patient and the doctor is important. It is also important to give the patient the best possible conditions to succeed in weaning.
Godkännandedatum: 2019-11-08
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Medina, Daniel E. "Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5534.
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Certain N95 FFR models that staple the head straps directly onto filtering material are commercially available. This method of assembly can tear or reduce fiber density in the immediate area surrounding the staple punctures. Five N95 FFR models were evaluated to determine if staple punctures on the filter medium reduce the protection offered by the respirators.
Total penetrations were measured with the staple punctures intact and when stretching the head straps a distance equivalent to a 95% male head circumference. Filter penetration were measured by sealing the staple punctures. Aerosols of 200, 500, and 1000 nm were used to challenge respirators at 28 and 85 Liter/min flow rates. Staple punctures were visually inspected by macrophotography with a light source on the opposing side of the punctures.
Three FFR models had greater mean leakages than the remaining two. However, only two FFR models had statistically significant greater total penetrations than filter penetrations. Pulling the head straps increased total penetration, but was not statistically significant. Filter penetrations were greatest at 85 Liter/min and 200 nm, while leakages were greatest at 28 Liter/min flow rate and 1000 nm.
Leakage through the staple punctures had greater contributions to total penetration than filter penetration allowing a greater percentage of 1000 nm particles into the breathing zone. Leakage was dependent on the tearing of the filter material or the reduction of fiber density near the puncture, regardless of filter efficiency. Total penetration to filter penetration ratios showed that leakage was greater than filter penetration 15 fold for 1,000 nm. This value is similar to what has been reported for face seal leaks on human subjects. Protection factors were reduced from ~930 to ~60 when the staple punctures created a tear. N95 FFR with stapled head straps that puncture the filter medium should be avoided because they can reduce protection to the user.
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Laferty, Edward Alan. "Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels During Qualitative Respirator Fit Testing." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1086808006.
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Newfang, Daniel A. "A Historical Assessment of Asbestos Exposure, Abatement Methods and Containment Efficacy During Asbestos Containing Material Removal Activities at a Large Federal Facility." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7429.
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Asbestos sampling and monitoring data, starting from 2003, located in a large federal facility’s Asbestos Air Database Management (AADM) repository will be queried and analyzed on airborne asbestos fiber concentrations generated from abatement activities of asbestos-containing materials (ACM) and asbestos-containing building materials (ACBM). Historically, concerns expressed by personnel outside of the containment areas, whether adjacent to or quite a distance from the asbestos abatement activities present operational challenges for the project manager, potential angst and uneasiness to personnel residing next to the abatement activity as well as programmatic concerns to the building/facility managers. The concerned individuals working outside the abatement enclosure, in an unrelated activity to the abatement often believe there is a high probability for personal exposures of asbestos fibers based on their proximity to the abatement activities. Perceptions regarding containment performance, the uncertainty surrounding the long latency period between asbestos fiber exposure and onset of disease, and the lack of understanding about containment efficacy are just some of the elements that can generate worry. Using statistical analysis tools, such as regression analysis, relationships between one or more predictor variables relative to a response variable were investigated. This research reviewed and compared airborne asbestos fiber sample data relative to the specific activities, whether abatement or other, that were performed. In an effort to establish a holistic awareness to the reader as to why individuals are concerned about being located near asbestos abatement activities, the history of asbestos regulation and epidemiology is also discussed.
The dataset contained 5534 sampling records made up of 3738 area samples (1426 outside containment structure and 2312 inside containment structure) and 1796 personal samples. Analysis identified that 1779 (>99%) out of the 1796 total personal exposure samples in the dataset indicated the asbestos workers were appropriately protected from overexposures. Only seventeen (<1%) of the 1796 total personal exposure samples exceeded the respective Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs):
• Fifteen of the 17 exceeded the 8-hr TWA, 0.1 f/cc OEL. These exceedances were positively correlated with work tasks identifying that no respirators were required due to a Negative Exposure Assessment (NEA).
• Two of the 17 exceeded the Assigned Protection Factor for the Half Face APR (10x the OEL protection) adjusted 8-hr TWA OEL, 1 f/cc.
• There were no OEL exceedances identified for any 30-min Excursion personal sampling events.
The focus for this assessment was to determine the efficacy of the asbestos abatement process and increased health risks to personnel. The findings suggest there is performance variability in the containment structures; however, the abatement process was effective and protective of the non-asbestos personnel outside of the abatement work area. It can also be concluded that the abatement process of containment structures, negative air, work methods (e.g. wet methods) and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) have provided a protective environment for both workers and non-asbestos personnel outside of the containment structures.
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Bardsley, Sally Martinsen. "Evaluation of transient cognitive changes from maximal exertion and respirator wear." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2010. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-04222010-191946.
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Gardner, Jan Maria. "Assessment of effective implementation of respirator programs in industry in NSW /." View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040603.130247/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2002.A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Western Sydney, College of Science, Technology and Environment, 2002. Includes bibliographical references (p. 352-370).
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Ahlqvist, Elisabeth, and Malin Koitrand. "Vårdares upplevelser av att vårda patienter som är vakna med respirator." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3996.
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Trenderna inom sedering har på senaste tid gått från djup till lätt sedering. Tidigare forskning indikerar att detta är fysiologiskt gynnsamt för patienterna och att det upplevs som positivt av både patienter och närstående. Dock är det relativt outforskat hur detta nya arbetssätt upplevs av vårdarna kring patienten och hur det påverkar deras arbetssituation. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka vårdares upplevelser av att vårda patienter som är vakna med respirator på en intensivvårdsavdelning. En kvalitativ ansats valdes. Sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor på två olika intensivvårdsavdelningar intervjuades i fokusgrupper. Totalt deltog tolv informanter, där två fokusgruppsintervjuer genomfördes med sjuksköterskor och två fokusgruppsintervjuer med undersköterskor. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att analysera materialet, vilket resulterade i fem huvudkategorier och tolv subkategorier. Resultatet presenterades genom följande huvudkategorier: ökad stress hos vårdaren, ökade krav på vårdaren, en resurskrävande vårdform, patienten blir en person samt krav på teamsamverkan. I resultatet framkom att vård av patienter som är vakna med respirator bidrog till en möjlighet att bättre lära känna patienten och därmed få ett mer stimulerande arbete. Men det upplevdes också som utmanande och krävande av vårdarna, vilket ledde till känslor av otillräcklighet och stress. För att ta tillvara på de positiva effekterna av att ha patienten mer vaken krävs resurser och en multiprofessionell teamsamverkan.
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Bernsand, Veronica, and Hanna Strömberg. "Hur intensivvårdssjuksköterskor skapar trygghet för lätt sederade patienter vårdade i respirator." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41137.
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Introduktion: I dag ska patienter som vårdas på intensivvårdsavdelning vara så lätt sederade som möjligt. Detta kan vid samtidig respiratorvård inge känslor av panik, rädsla och otrygghet. Det är därför av stor vikt att intensivvårdssjuksköterskor vet hur de ska skapa trygghet hos patienterna, då trygghetskänslan även reducerar känslorna av panik och rädsla. Syfte: Syftet med examensarbetet var att belysa hur intensivvårdssjuksköterskor skapar trygghet för lätt sederade patienter vårdade i respirator. Metod: En kvalitativ metod användes och data samlades in genom intervjuer med 14 intensivvårdssjuksköterskor på 3 olika sjukhus. Data bearbetades utifrån Elo och Kyngäs kvalitativa innehållsanalys. Huvudresultat: I resultatet framkom fyra huvudkategorier; Genom att finnas där, Genom upprepad och anpassad information, Genom en bra miljö och yttre resurser samt Genom individanpassad vård. Diskussion: Det framkom att intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna skapade trygghet genom att involvera patienterna och de anhöriga i vården genom en god kommunikation och information. Miljön spelade även en viktig roll i trygghetsskapandet genom att minska störande ljud och inte själva vara stressade. Att skapa trygghet för lätt sederade patienter som vårdas i respirator är viktigt, då trygga patienter kan släppas upp snabbare från sederingen och ändå uppleva välbefinnande.Introduction: The aim of caring for today’s intensive care patient is to have the patient sedated so light as possible. This can induce a sense of panic, fear and insecurity for the patient, when cared for in a mechanical ventilation. It is therefore very important that the intensive care nurse has the ability to create a sense of security for the patient, thus reducing feelings of fear and panic. Aim: The aim of this study was to illustrate how the intensive care nurses creates a sense of security when caring for light sedated patients in mechanical ventilation. Method: A qualitative method was selected and data collected through interviews with 14 intensive care nurses at 3 different hospitals. The data was processed by using Elo and Kyngäs qualitative content analysis. Main Results: The result of the study presents with four main categories; Being there, Through repeating and adapting information, Through a good climate and outer resources as well as Through individually modified care. Conclusions: It showed that the intensive care nurses created a sense of security through involve the patients and their near ones in the care of the patient through good communication and information. The environment also played a critical role through minimizing distracting noise and not to appear stressed themselves. To create sense of security for light sedated patients in mechanical ventilation is important, as when the patients experience a sense of security they could be more quickly weaned of the sedation and yet still experience a sense of wellbeing.
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Thomas, Traci L. "Evaluation of Training Technique as a Means of Influencing Safety Knowledge, Risk Perception and Proper Respirator Donning Ability Among Respiratory Protection Users." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35497.
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Of all personal protective equipment available for the health and safety of workers, respiratory protection may be the most commonly used. It is also one of the most difficult to administer properly. Improper wearing of respirators can have serious consequences. Of 482,000 reported occupational illnesses in 1996, nearly 22,000 of these were attributed to respiratory conditions as a result of inhalation of toxic agents. Providing effective respiratory safety training has generally proven to be challenging, since the protection a respirator provides is dependent on how well the respirator fits the worker's face. Improper donning can lead to serious health consequences and may even be fatal. Training methods are effective if they facilitate workers' progress towards health promoting goals. In this case, proper respirator donning ability is the final exam in determining training method effectiveness. The potential benefit of improving worker health and a review of the OSHA respiratory protection regulations revealed a need for additional investigation about effective respiratory safety training techniques.
This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of three different training methods (commercial videotape, manufacturer package instructions and a systematic interactive multimedia method). The experiment was divided into two parts. In part one, each training method was examined for its' ability to enable subjects to provide safety information and to identify risks associated with respiratory hazards. Each training technique was also evaluated as function of subject education level, age and gender differences.
In terms of safety knowledge and risk perception, results indicated that the systematic interactive multimedia technique was the most effective at training OSHA recommended respiratory safety knowledge, and causing a significant difference between risk perception ratings of worksite conditions determined from a pre- and post- training questionnaire. The systematic interactive multimedia technique incorporated a systematically designed multimedia program with a one-on-one modeled respirator donning technique. Neither manufacturer provided package instructions nor the commercial videotape was significant for safety knowledge or risk perception.
Part two of the experiment was the final exam in terms of training effectiveness, where subject ability to achieve passing Quantitative Fit Testing (QFT) after donning half- and full- facepiece negative pressure respirators was evaluated. Training methods were assessed in terms of donning instructions. Additional effects evaluated were respirator presentation order, age, education level and gender differences. Evaluation studies inherently have limitations that affect the interpretation of effects. Quantitative fit testing of respirator masks used in this study could only be conducted on 52 of 72 study participants. Eleven females and nine males were eliminated and were scored as missing values in QFT data analysis due to the constraint imposed by the fact that no available half-facepiece or full-facepiece masks could fit/seal their face shapes. Non-parametric testing indicated the commercial videotape and manufacturers' package instructions were more effective at training subjects to pass half-face respirator quantitative fit testing than full-face respirators. No significant presentation order, age, education level or gender effects were shown. Subjects who could not be tested were petite females and obese males. This finding suggests that a need for additional mask sizes (e.g. extra-small, extra-large) by manufacturers was indicated to reduce the need for custom made to fit masks. In addition, manufacturer's of negative pressure respirators need to be aware of the large number of QFT failures encountered in this study, as well as their causes to improve design.
Additional information was obtained in the course of analyzing QFT data. First, a large number of subjects failed quantitative fit testing due to their inability to properly tighten headstraps. All training methods were evaluated for effectiveness in ability to properly convey headstrap tightening. Based on QFT pass/fail results, the systematic interactive multimedia training was shown to be more effective at training headstrap tightening for full-facepiece than half-facepiece respirators, as it resulted in the least number of QFT failures due to improper headstrap tightening. No method was superior to the others at training half-facepiece mask headstrap tightening.Master of Science
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Koh, Franklin Chong Suk. "The correlation between psychological type and performance time while wearing a respirator." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2150.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Biological Resources Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Gren, Lisa, and Mathilda Håkansson. "Personers upplevelser av att ha vårdats med respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83950.
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Bakgrund: Respiratorvård innebär en utsatt och sårbar position för personen som vårdas, dels på grund av den främmande och högteknologiska miljön, men även med anledning av kritisk sjukdom. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att ha vårdats med respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning. Metod: Kvalitativ innehållsanalys med manifest ansats har använts för att besvara syftet. Elva vetenskapliga studier har kvalitetsgranskats och analyserats. Resultat: Analysen av artiklarna resulterade i sex kategorier: Att kroppen upplevs förändrad, Att den högteknologiska utrustningen ökar sårbarheten och ger obehag, Att inte kunna urskilja verkligheten i den obekanta miljön, Att inte kunna prata, Att personal och närstående är betydelsefulla för känslan av trygghet och säkerhet och Att kunna delta i vården ger drivkraft. Resultatet visade att respiratorvård gav olika typer av obehag och ökar sårbarheten. Kommunikationen är ett stort problem, men trots detta ses delaktighet som en drivkraft till att vilja fortsätta kämpa. Slutsats: Det är av stor vikt att grundutbildade sjuksköterskor har kunskap och förståelse för vad personer som genomgått respiratorvård upplever för att kunna optimera omvårdnaden efteråt.
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Eklund, Jobe Fama, and Anna-Lena Netzel. "Patientens upplevda sårbarhet och kommunikationens betydelse när denne vårdas vaken i respirator." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295524.
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Bakgrund: Människans sårbarhet är särskilt utsatt då man drabbats av en sjukdom som kan kräva intensivvård, där det handlar om att överleva. Kommunikation är ett av de mest grundläggande mänskliga verktyg som vi använder oss av, dessutom handlar kommunikationen om mer än endast den verbala kommunikationen. Syftet med kommunikationen är att lära känna patienten och utforska och tillgodose dennes behov. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva kommunikationens betydelse för patientens upplevda sårbarhet, när denna vårdas vaken i respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning. Metod: Litteraturstudie där 15 kvalitativa artiklar granskades. Resultat: Tre teman framkom. Sårbarhet orsakad av beroendet av vårdpersonal och brist på kontroll i intensivvårdsmiljö, anhörigas betydelse för att lindra sårbarheten och kommunikationens betydelse för patientens upplevda sårbarhet. Slutsats: Trots tidigare teoretiker, etiska koder, värdegrunder, lagar och forskning om korrekt bemötande prioriteras inte bemötandet med patienten och är ett fortsatt problem. Det finns ett samband mellan att vistas i en intensivvårdsmiljö, bristen på återhämtning, förlorad sekretess och symtom som ångest, stress, panik och rädsla. Minst forskning verkar göras på den patientgrupp som är allra mest sårbar, patienter som vårdas i ett land, där de inte behärskar språket eller har det aktuella språket som modersmål. När patienten känner sig trygg förbättras kommunikationen och sårbarheten lindras.Background: A humans vulnerability is particularly exposed when dealing with an illness in need of intensive care, when the focus is to survive. Communication is one of the most essential human tools that we can use in interaction with others. Communication is more than just a verbal way of expressing oneself. The aim with the communication is to get to know the patient and explore his or her needs to be able to fulfill them. Aim: the purpose with this study was to describe the importance of communication for a patients feeling of vulnerability, when cared for in ICU and awake on a respirator. Method: Literature study, where 15 qualitative articles was reviewed. Results: three themes developed. The vulnerability caused by dependence on medical staff and lack of control in the critical care environment, next of kins importance to minimize the patients vulnerability and the importance of communication for the patient's perceived vulnerability. Conclusion: although earlier theorist, ethical codes, values, laws and research, about the correct treatment exist, are the meeting with the patient often not prioritized and therefore remain a concern. There is a clear connection between the ICU environment, lack of recovery, loss of dignity, and symptoms as anxiety, stress, panic and fear. It seems that the least research is done on the patient groups that are the most vulnerable, patients receiving care in a country where they do not speak the language or have that language as their mother tongue. The communication improves and vulnerability eases when the patient feel safe.
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Helmersson, Staffan. "Följsamhet i omvårdnadsåtgärder för prevention av ventilatorassocierad pneumoni på Akademiska sjukhusets intensivvårdsavdelningar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175271.
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Johansson, Karin, and Catarina Tingsvik. "En komplex vårdsituation : Intensivvårdssjuksköterskans beslutsfattande i samband med urträning av patient i respirator." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19768.
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Decker, John Alan 1961. "A method to determine respirator protection factors using biological monitoring of exhaled air." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277331.
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The purpose of this study was to develop methodology involving the use of biological monitoring of exhaled air to determine respirator protection factors. The concentration of fluorocarbon 113 in breath was correlated to the original exposure concentration while wearing a full facepiece negative pressure respirator. Protection factors calculated from breath sampling were compared to fit factors derived from a negative pressure test device. Although biological monitoring indicated a nearly three fold increase in fluorocarbon 113 penetration rates compared to the negative pressure fit test results, a correlation of 0.86 suggests that this methodology may be used in the design of a workplace protection study. No correlation was found between the biological and quantitative mask sampling methods.
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Weil, Cordula [Verfasser]. "Biofeedback zur Unterstützung des Weaning-Prozesses vom Respirator bei langzeitbeatmeten Intensivpatienten / Cordula Weil." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028608683/34.
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Desai, Ushang Prakshbhai. "Use of Spirometry for Medical Clearance and Surveillance in Occupations Requiring Respirator Use." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5933.
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Medical certification of workers for respirator use is an important activity of occupational medicine health professionals. Spirometry is a diagnostic tool to evaluate respiratory distress/insufficiency that may affect respirator use. In this study, we analyzed the pulmonary function data of 337 workers from different occupations which required medical evaluation to wear a respirator. The American Thoracic Society and National Fire Protection Association criteria were used to evaluate employees. Of 337 workers who were cleared for respiratory use on the basis of medical questionnaires for respirator compliance, 14 (4.15%) failed to pass respirator compliance on the basis of NFPA criteria and 5 (1.48%) failed to pass respirator compliance criteria on the basis of ATS criteria. We compared the use of different Spirometric equations to evaluate these criteria and we found the Crapo equation cleared more workers for respirator use as compared to the Knudson and NHANES III equations. We also measured repeated Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st Second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and compared the results longitudinally over time. Age was the only significant factor affecting the reduction in the lung function in longitudinal analysis. Longitudinal spirometry results suggested that workers were protected while using a respirator in the workplace, but age is the significant factor in reducing their lung function. As some workers were able to qualify for respirator use based on questionnaire alone but failed respirator clearance subsequent to pulmonary function testing, it is recommended that spirometry be used to evaluate clearance for all workers who will use a respirator in the workplace. As well, using different Spirometric equations can affect the outcome on passing or failing clearance for respirator use, and this should be considered in a respiratory medical certification program.
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Else, Liana. "Lived experiences of professional nurses caring for mechanically ventilated patients." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8295.
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Critical care nursing is a speciality that continues to evolve and transform. Critical care nurses of the 21st century routinely care for the complex, critically ill patient, integrating sophisticated technology with the accompanying psychosocial challenges and the ethical conflicts associated with critical illness – while, at the same time, addressing the needs and concerns of the family. Providing nursing care in such a dynamic and fast-track unit can pose various challenges for the critical care nurse. Professional nurses are the backbone of any health-care system. The quality of nursing directly affects the patients’ outcomes, and nursing care must therefore be rendered meticulously. Mechanical ventilator support is routinely needed for critically ill adults in these care units and is also a common therapy in sub-acute and long-term care settings. The care of the mechanically ventilated patient is the core of a professional nurse`s practice in the critical care unit. The mechanically ventilated patient presents many challenges for the professional nurse, while the critical care unit poses as a stressful environment for the professional nurse as well as the patient. The objectives of this study therefore were to explore and describe the lived experiences of professional nurses while caring for mechanically ventilated patients, and to develop recommendations to support professional nurses while caring for mechanically ventilated patients. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of professional nurses working in a critical care environment. Guba’s model was utilised to verify data and to ensure trustworthiness of the study. Ethical principles were adhered to throughout this research study. With the analysed data, recommendations were to support professional nurses while caring for mechanically ventilated.
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Cotter, Nicholas James. "The Effect of Seasonality on Pulmonary Function Tests." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6693.
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Lung spirometry data from three working-class industry populations were analyzed using logistic and linear regression to see if seasonality adversely affected test outcomes. Populations included emergency responders, general industry, and shipwrights. The data was organized into allergy and non-allergy seasons using NOAA meteorological data and regression and logistic analysis was run on these separate populations to test for demographic and seasonal effects on lung spirometry test outcomes. The American Thoracic Society gold standard was as a point for determining impaired lung function (FEV1/FVC > 0.80). It was found that seasonality imparted a slight linear effect on the predictive values of FEV1 and FVC for determining impaired lung function FEV1 and FVC values were Pr > 0.0003 and Pr > 0.0002, respectively. For demographic variables, age imparted the greatest linear effect for FEV1 and FVC, with significant p-values of 0.0002 and
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Medina, Daniel E. "Filtration Performance of a NIOSH-Approved N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirator With Stapled Head Straps." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1709.
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Certain models of NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece air purifying respirators are manufactured with stapled head straps. Depending on the manufacturer, these head straps may be stapled to the filter media itself. This may cause leakage through the filter media of the respirator, potentially exposing the user to an unacceptable level of contaminant. In this study, monodisperse polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres were generated to challenge four replicates of a N95 single use respirator model made by the same manufacturer.
Nominal particle sizes of the PSL spheres used to challenge the respirators were 0.5, 1, and 2 micrometers in diameter. All respirators were sealed onto a custom built testing assembly and tested in a sealed chamber. Particle sizes of interest were generated using a nebulizer, and passed through a diffusion dryer and a Krypton-85 radioactive source prior to entering the test chamber. The dryer reduces the humidity of the aerosol generating by the nebulizer, while the radioactive source neutralizes the charge of the aerosol cloud. The test chamber was constructed using a glass aquarium measuring 32 x 53 x 122 centimeters. Three stainless steel air diffusers were placed above the testing compartment to evenly distribute the aerosol in the chamber. An exhaust manifold was placed at the lower part of the chamber beneath another stainless steel diffuser below the area where test respirators were placed.
The respirators were challenged as received from the manufacturer with 0.5, 1 and 2 micrometer-sized (PSL) spheres. The same procedure was repeated for each respirator after sealing the areas where the head straps were stapled with silicon rubber. Testing was conducted at a flow rate of 85 liters per minute, as specified in the NIOSH respirator testing protocol. A laser particle counter was used to measure the concentration inside and outside of the respirator.
The results showed unsealed efficiencies for particle sizes 0.5, 1, and 2 micrometers of 96.68%, 99.72%, 99.88% and sealed efficiencies of 97.35%, 99.82%, 99.93% respectively. There were no differences for particle size or sealing at 1.0 and 2.0 micrometers. A significant drop in efficiency was observed when testing with 0.5 micrometer PSL spheres. The drops in efficiency are not sufficient to reduce the integrity of the respirator for N95 certification. However, the leakages detected will have a cumulative effect when added to other sources of single use respirator leakage in the field.
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HEMPHILL, CELESTE NICOLE. "Comparison Study Between OSHA Rule of Thumb and Software Model Respirator Cartridge Service Life." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218471854.
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Fredriksson, Simon. "Ventum : Freedom of movement for children receiving respiratory treatment." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-79463.
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This report is showing the process and result from a project collaboration between Norrlands University hospital and design student Simon Fredriksson. Respiratory treatment is carried out on patients that for some reason fail to breathe sufficiently to assimilate enough oxygen to survive. The reason for why a person needs respiratory treatment can be many and the length of the treatment varies a lot. It can stretch from a couple of hours during surgery to years in treatment for example Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or Immature lungs. The project focus have been to look at how to increase the freedom of movement for kids receiving respiratory treatment. Respiratory treatment are complex and involves advanced equipment. It´s demanding both physically and mentally both for patient and involved family and can in some cases carry on for several years. A young child with impaired breathing should still have the freedom of movement and not have to be restricted to the length of a respirator hose and depend on others to be able to move around. Learning how to crawl walk and freely move around should be every childs right. The quote are from the National heart, lung and blood institute in America. My aim is to create a concept that will offer that movement and prove them wrong. This project is carried out in collaboration with the Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Norrlands University hospital in Umeå.
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Jens, Rehammar. "Next generation ventilator : Outlining a future product platform and designing a ventilator for an ICU context." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140016.
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The overall aim throughout the project was to outline a new modular platform for a future generation of ventilators as well as designing a ventilator based on the defined platform. Doing so through a conceptual approach, looking at enabling cost efficient development, manufature and product scalability as well as taking the users needs for flexibility, improved usability, cable management and transport into consideration. The project used a traditional user centric design approach while also having a strong manufacturers focus when it came to looking at modularity and the company’s product offering. The main insights throughout the project revolved around looking at the entire ecosystem of products and how they worked together in the intensive care unit (ICU). Understanding the core struggles and time consuming tasks in order further improve the workflow in the ICU. A big part of the ideation and concept development process was spent on building rough mock-ups for fast evaluation together with users and the collaborating partner. The result was a combined, highly modular, ventilator and monitoring system called Servo One. With a new tubing system that incorporated both humidifier and patient filter in a flexible way, together with an external sensor system, the concept drastically improved cable and tubing management - one of the biggest challenges in the ICU.
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Sexton, Pauline Lethea. "Acute Pulmonary Response in Landscape Workers: Job Redesign." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10161.
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Substantial efforts have been made in the study of occupational induced airway diseases. A strong link has been found between worker exposure to organic dust and resulting acute pulmonary spasms. The supporting studies behind this link are primarily in the industries of cotton, animal and swine farming; however, some studies have been related to landscaping type tasks (i.e. mowing, leaf blowing). The relationship between organic dust and pulmonary response is associated with respiratory irritants that are found in materials such as soil, grain, and compost, especially when these materials have become moist. Some of the culprits that have been identified as causative agents of respiratory spasms are endotoxin, fungal spores, and fungal mycotoxin.
This study focused on the respiratory hazards in the landscaping industry. During the month of March, landscapers worked heavily with wood mulch, which contains many organic materials that potentially harbor the aforementioned irritants. This study measured the exposure levels of endotoxin and fungal spores in the landscaper workers' breathable space. While also measuring the pulmonary function of participants and evaluating disposable respirators as an intervention. Low levels of endotoxin and fungal spores were found in the breathable space of the participants during the two days of data collection. The users were not completely satisfied with the half face disposable respirator provided, and offered detailed feedback concerning the design and use of the respirator intervention.Master of Science
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Olsson, Linda, and Helen Erneholm. "Sjuksköterskors kommunikation med patienter som vårdas i respirator : Nurses’ communication with patients during mechanical ventilation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99699.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to describe intensive care nurses’ experiences communicating with patients during mechanical ventilation. Methods/design: A qualitative interview study. Interviews where analyzed using descriptive content analysis Setting: Nine intensive care nurses from two different intensive care units were interviewed using a semi structured interview guide. Background: Past research has shown that patients during mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit, feel very vulnerable and the helplessness of being unable to speak. These patients feels that they are completely dependent on the nurses and their competence. It has been shown to be very important that the patient feels included, acknowledged and respected. Results: The analyzed data resulted in a theme; through communication strive to preserve patients´ dignity and three main categories; create relationship to the patient, minimize patients´ vulnerability and don´t give up. These main categories consist of nine subcategories Conclusion: Critical ill patients during mechanical ventilation have a very limited opportunity to communicate. Therefore the patient is put in a very vulnerable position and is completely dependent on the nurse. This study shows that the nurse by communicating with the patient strive to preserve the patients dignity.
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Francis, Erica Bicksler. "The effect of inspiratory air humidity and temperature on performance time while wearing a respirator." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3599.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Biological Resources Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Rusch, Otto W. III. "Evaluation of users ability to adequately seal respirator cartridges/filters of differing size and shape." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212086231.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: Roy McKay PhD (Committee Chair), Tiina Reponen PhD (Committee Member), Glenn Talaska PhD (Committee Member). Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed June 6, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: User seal check; fit check; respirator; cartridge; filter. Includes bibliographical references.
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Berghov, Emmelie, and Lotten Sjödén. "Patienters upplevelser av livskvalité efter att ha vårdats i respirator till följd av Covid-19." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för vårdvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35916.
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Bakgrund: Virusinfektionen Covid-19 drabbade världen i slutet av 2019 och de svårast sjuka kan drabbas av respiratorisk svikt och behöva respiratorvård på intensivvårdsavdelning. Tidigare forskning har visat att respiratorvård kan leda till försämrad livskvalité. Livskvalité är något som är svårt att definiera då det påverkas av fysisk hälsa, mental status och socialt liv. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelsen av livskvalité hos patienter som har vårdats i respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning till följd av Covid-19. Metod: Beskrivande design med kvalitativ ansats. Datainsamlingen skedde med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio deltagare via telefon. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Fysisk förmåga efter intensivvården hade blivit bättre över tid. Svårigheter kvarstod vid utförande av vardagliga sysslor och det fanns begränsning i styrka och fysisk kapacitet. Deltagarna upplevde förbättrad livskvalité då de fått insikt om livsprioriteringar, samtidigt som deltagarna upplevde en försämrad livskvalité på grund av trötthet, koncentrationssvårigheter och svåra minnen. Den pågående pandemin hade lett till mindre sociala aktiviteter vilket resulterat i sämre livskvalité, deltagarna prioriterade sina anhöriga och sociala kontakter vilket samtidigt gav förbättrad livskvalité. Slutsats: Följderna av att ha vårdats i respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning på grund av Covid-19 har sett olika ut för deltagarna. Upplevelsen av livskvalité har varierat och vägen till att känna sig återhämtad har varit lång.
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Rusch, Otto W. III. "Evaluation of User’s Ability to Adequately Seal Respirator Cartridges/Filters of Differing Size and Shape." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212086231.
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Dietrich, James C. Jr. "Protection of Firefighters against Combustion Aerosol Particles: Simulated Workplace Protection Factor of a Half-Mask Respirator." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1413819812.
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Demingo, Xavier Preston. "Professional nurses' knowledge regarding weaning the critically ill patient from the mechanical ventilation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1323.
Full textAbstract:
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is one of the most frequently used treatment modalities in the intensive care unit (ICU) (Burns, 2005:14). Up to 90% of critically ill patients in ICUs globally are connected to a mechanical ventilator. Although mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving intervention, it is expensive and is associated with diverse complications (Mclean, Jensen, Schroeder, Gibney & Skjodt, 2006: 299). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) accounts for 25% of all infections in ICU, with global crude mortality figures estimated at 20-70% (Craven, 2006:251). Minimising the time that a patient is connected to a mechanical ventilator to the absolute minimum can have considerable benefits in terms of decreased mortality and morbidity, as well as a decreased length of ICU stay and lower hospital costs. Critically ill patients therefore need to be weaned from the mechanical ventilator as soon as their condition that warranted the need for mechanical ventilation is stabilized. The process of weaning the critically ill patient from mechanical ventilation constitutes a significant proportion of total ventilator time. As professional nurses attend to the mechanically ventilated patient 24 hours a day, they have a vital role to play in the collaborative management of the patient requiring weaning from mechanical ventilation. The objectives of this study were to explore and describe the professional nurses’ knowledge regarding weaning the critically ill patient from mechanical ventilation. Based on the results, recommendations in the form of a protocol were made in order to improve the professional nurses’ knowledge and enhance the care of the mechanically ventilated patient. A quantitative design, which was exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature, was utilised for the study. The data collection instrument of choice was a self-administered questionnaire. Convenience, non-probability sampling was the sampling method chosen for the purpose of this study. Collected data were analysed with the assistance of a statistician using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results were displayed in the form of graphs and tables. The results obtained in the study, combined with data from the literature review, were used to develop recommendations to enhance vi professional nurses’ knowledge regarding weaning the critically ill patient from mechanical ventilation. The recommendations were presented in the form of a protocol based on the available evidence. Ethical principles as they relate to conducting research were adhered to throughout the study.
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Bradley, Melville D. "2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) air concentrations, hemoglobin changes, and anemia cases in respirator protected TNT munitions demilitarization workers." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?e14.2808.
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Malm, Wikström Emil, and Kristian Selerup. "INTENSIVVÅRDSSJUKSKÖTERSKORS BEHOV AV STÖD OCH RESURSER : Vid vård av patienter med lätt eller ingen sedering i respirator." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-45579.
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Bradley, Melville D. M. D. "2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Air Concentrations, Hemoglobin Changes, and Anemia Cases in Respirator Protected TNT Munitions Demilitarization Workers." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1871.
Full textAbstract:
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene, TNT, is an explosive used in munitions production that is known to cause both aplastic and hemolytic anemia in exposed workers. Deaths have been reported secondary to both varieties of anemia. Studies have shown that TNT systemic absorption is significant by both the respiratory and dermal routes. A literature review revealed that the most recent review article on TNT exposure arguing for a TWA drop from the PEL to the TLV was in 1977 -- this article cited anemia issues in addition to other untoward effects of TNT. No studies encountered looked at hemoglobin change or anemia cases in respiratory protected workers, this present effort may be the first. TNT PEL (1.5mg/m^3), REL (0.5mg/m^3), and TLV (0.1 mg/m^3) 8 hr TWAs all with skin notations (based on animal models and TNT urine metabolite extrapolation in TNT workers suggesting important role of skin absorption). The earliest effects of systemic TNT poisoning involve hgb and hematocrit drop.
The investigator hypothesized that respiratory protection alone is insufficient to protect TNT workers from the risk of anemia development and hemoglobin concentration drop. A retrospective observational study design was incorporated utilizing a records review of TNT vapor air concentration values and worker Hgb values for 8 sets of workers in respiratory protection at a demilitarization operation from October 2006 to April 2007 in order to observe whether or not respiratory protection provided adequate protection against anemia development and hemoglobin change; and to help characterize the probable role of TNT skin absorption on hemoglobin change and anemia risk. Worker baseline hgbs were compared with their exposure hgbs for statistically significant hgb concentration changes (two-tailed paired t-tests), and anemia cases were recorded. Mean hgb changes within each of the 8 groups of workers were then regressed on mean TNT air concentrations (10 hr TWAs) using air sampling levels that were performed closest in time to exposure hgbs.
Statistically significant hgb concentration drops and anemia cases were apparent at values about the REL and PEL in respiratory protected workers. There were no anemia cases or statistically significant hgb drops at values about the TLV, however. For mean TNT air concentrations from 0.12/m 3 to 0.31/m 3 there was strong positive linear association with regard to magnitude of hgb change (r=0.996).
The results appear to confirm the necessity of the skin notation for TNT. However, the TLV seems to be protective against the possibility of anemia risk principally by the dermal route in workers who are respiratory protected. A question does still remain, however, as to anemia risk in workers who are below the TLV who may not be using respiratory protection. The absence of a continued linear association between mean TNT air concentrations and mean hgb change above the 0.31 mg/m 3 TNT level most likely reflects a marrow response, as the TNT levels evident in the study are reported to be mainly associated with extravascular hemolysis with a minimal, or non-existent, aplastic component assumed. This study adds evidence to the argument that the TLV should be adopted as the new PEL.
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Beatty, Jessica Shea. "Comparison Study between VeriFIT Irritant Smoke Generators and OSHA Recommended Irritant Smoke Tubes for Respirator Fit Testing." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1204639300.
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