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Chan, Jun Keat, Kah Hong Yep, Sarah Magarey, Zoe Keon-Cohen, and Matt Acheson. "Fit Testing Disposable P2/N95 Respirators during COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia: Fit Check Evaluation, Failure Rates, and a Survey of Healthcare Workers." COVID 1, no. 1 (July 6, 2021): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid1010007.
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Quantitative fit testing was utilised to evaluate the Department of Health and Human Services in Victoria (DHHS) recommended fit check and determine pass/fail rates for self-selected P2/N95 respirators. Survey experience and training related to P2/N95 respirators were also obtained. This was an observational study at a specialist tertiary referral centre, Melbourne, Australia, between 29 May 2020 and 5 June 2020. The primary outcome was quantitative fit test pass/fail results, with fit check reported against fit test as a 2 × 2 contingency table. The secondary outcomes were the number of adjustments needed to pass, as well as the pass rates for available sizes and types of self-selected respirators, survey data for attitudes, experience and training for P2/N95 respirators. The fit check predicts respirator seal poorly (PPV 34.1%, 95% CI 25.0–40.5). In total, 69% (40/58) of respirators failed quantitative fit testing after initial respirator application and is a clinically relevant finding (first-up failure rate for P2/N95 respirators). Only one person failed the fit test for all three respirator fit tests. There was significant variability between each of the seven types of self-selected P2/N95 respirators, although sample sizes were small. Few participants were trained in the use of P2/N95 respirators or the fit check prior to COVID-19, with a high number of participants confident in achieving a P2/95 respirator seal following a fit test. The fit check alone was not a validated method in confirming an adequate seal for P2/N95 respirators. Quantitative fit testing can facilitate education, improve the seal of P2/N95 respirators, and needs to be integrated into a comprehensive Respiratory Protection Program (RPP).
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Kim, Min-Wook, Gun-Ho Lee, and Yong-Hwan Park. "Response Time According to Spatial Characteristics of a Wireless Communication System for an Air Respirator." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.1a0b8a0f.
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In developed countries, global-scale training centers are installed to reflect various regional factors, provide practical education and training, and present comprehensive homeland security management plans. Each local firefighting school, including the central firefighting school in Korea, has various training grounds where firefighters receive education and training. However, the recording and storing of information regarding the air respirator used by the crew during this training is not maintained, nor is information on the remaining air respiratory system at the command post checked. In this study, we developed a wireless communication system for respirators that provides user information and conducted an experiment to measure response time by distance according to spatial characteristics. As a result of the experiment, the response was approximately 5.09 s on average in open space, approximately 5.19 s in the location blocked by one sandwich panel, and approximately 5.79 s in the location blocked by two sandwich panels. Therefore, it was determined that the response speed was affected when the sandwich panel was 100 mm or more.
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Wilkinson, Irene J., Dino Pisaniello, Junaid Ahmad, and Suzanne Edwards. "Evaluation of a Large-Scale Quantitative Respirator-Fit Testing Program for Healthcare Workers: Survey Results." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 31, no. 9 (September 2010): 918–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/655460.
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Objective.To present the evaluation of a large-scale quantitative respirator-fit testing program.Design.Concurrent questionnaire survey of fit testers and test subjects.Setting.Ambulatory care, home nursing care, and acute care hospitals across South Australia.Methods.Quantitative facial-fit testing was performed with TSI PortaCount instruments for healthcare workers (HCWs) who wore 5 different models of a disposable P2 (N95-equivalent) respirator. The questionnaire included questions about the HCWs age, sex, race, occupational category, main area of work, smoking status, facial characteristics, prior training and experience in use of respiratory masks, and number of attempts to obtain a respirator fit.Results.A total of 6,160 HCWs were successfully fitted during the period from January through July 2007. Of the 4,472 HCWs who responded to the questionnaire and were successfully fitted, 3,707 (82.9%) were successfully fitted with the first tested respirator, 551 (12.3%) required testing with a second model, and 214 (4.8%) required 3 or more tests. We noted an increased pass rate on the first attempt over time. Asians (excluding those from South and Central Asia) had the highest failure rate (16.3% [45 of 276 Asian HCWs were unsuccessfully fitted]), and whites had the lowest (9.8% [426 of 4,338 white HCWs]). Race was highly correlated with facial shape. Among occupational groups, doctors had the highest failure rate (13.4% [81 of 604 doctors]), but they also had the highest proportion of Asians. Prior education and/or training in respirator use were not associated with a higher pass rate.Conclusions.Certain facial characteristics were associated with higher or lower pass rates with regard to fit testing, and fit testers were able to select a suitable respirator on the basis of a visual assessment in the majority of cases. For the fit tester, training and experience were important factors; however, for the HCW being fitted, prior experience in respirator use was not an important factor.
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Pompeii, Lisa, Annette Byrd, George L. Delclos, and Sadie H. Conway. "The American Association of Occupational Health Nurses’ Respiratory Protection Education Program and Resources Webkit for Occupational Health Professionals." Workplace Health & Safety 64, no. 12 (October 11, 2016): 564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079916663226.
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Organizations are required to adhere to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134) if they have workers that wear a respirator on the job. They must also have an employee “suitably trained” to administer their program. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and its National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory have worked to champion the occupational health nurse in this role by collaborating with the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses to develop free, online respiratory protection training and resources (RPP Webkit). This article describes the development, content, and success of this training. To date, 724 participants have completed the training, 32.6% of whom lead their organization’s respiratory protection program, 15.3% who indicated they will lead a program in the near future, and 52% who did not lead a program, but indicated that the training was relevant to their work. The majority “strongly agreed” the training was applicable to their work and it enhanced their professional expertise.
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Honarbakhsh, Marzieh, Mehdi Jahangiri, and Haleh Ghaem. "Knowledge, perceptions and practices of healthcare workers regarding the use of respiratory protection equipment at Iran hospitals." Journal of Infection Prevention 19, no. 1 (September 6, 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177417724880.
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Background: Using appropriate respiratory protection equipment (RPE) is very important to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) against respiratory hazards. The aim of this study was to identify the level of knowledge, perceptions and practices of HCWs on using RPE. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 284 employees of educational hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study’s instrument was a self-made questionnaire that comprised four components: demographic inquiries and questions designed to assess the knowledge, perceptions and practice of HCWs regarding RPE. Collected data were analysed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Average scores of knowledge, perceptions and practice of HCWs on using RPE were 66.50% ± 11.93%, 80.32% ± 10.05% and 70.12% ± 20.51%, respectively. A significant association was observed between knowledge and age, job experience, history of using respirator, marital status and risk of respiratory hazards in the workplace and perceptions with age and education and practice with education. Conclusion: Studied HCWs had positive perceptions and moderate level of knowledge and practice about the use of RPE. Full implementation of respiratory protection program in the hospitals would be helpful to improve the knowledge, perceptions and practices of HCWs regarding RPE.
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Williams, Daryl Lindsay, Benjamin Kave, Charles Bodas, Fiona Begg, Megan Roberts, and Irene Ng. "Protocol of a prospective comprehensive evaluation of an elastic band beard cover for filtering facepiece respirators in healthcare." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): e0281152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281152.
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Individuals who are unable to be clean shaven for religious, medical or cultural reasons are unable to wear a filtering facepiece respirator (FFR), as the respirator cannot provide adequate protection against aerosol-transmissible diseases. There is currently a paucity of validated techniques to ensure the safe inclusion of bearded healthcare workers in the pandemic workforce. We propose to undertake a healthcare-based multi-modal evaluation study on the elastic band beard cover for FFR technique, examining the quantitative fit test (QNFT) results, usability and skill level of participants with repeated assessments over time. This is a prospective study conducted through the Respiratory Protection Program at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. Healthcare workers are invited to participate if they require respiratory protection and cannot shave for religious, cultural or medical reasons. An online education package on the use of respiratory protective equipment and the elastic band beard cover for FFR technique is provided. This is followed by a face-to-face session, where the participant will receive: one-on-one training; undergo a skill assessment on their donning, doffing and user seal check techniques; complete QNFTs and a usability survey. Participants will be invited to repeat the assessment within 3 months of the first session and at 12 months. This study involves multimodal and repeated assessments of an elastic band beard cover for FFRs. The findings of this study will provide information on: whether this simple technique can provide safe, consistent and effective respiratory protection; whether it will interfere with occupational activities; and whether it is comfortable and tolerable for the duration of wear. This is of significant importance to the health workforce around the world, who cannot shave but require access to respiratory protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Beam, Elizabeth L., Jocelyn J. Herstein, Kevin A. Kupzyk, and Shawn G. Gibbs. "A simulation approach to measure critical safety behaviors when evaluating training methods for respirator education in healthcare workers." American Journal of Infection Control 48, no. 8 (August 2020): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.05.005.
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Díaz-Agea, José Luis, María José Pujalte-Jesús, Vanessa Arizo-Luque, Juan Antonio García-Méndez, Isabel López-Chicheri-García, and Andrés Rojo-Rojo. "How Are You Feeling? Interpretation of Emotions through Facial Expressions of People Wearing Different Personal Protective Equipment: An Observational Study." Nursing Reports 12, no. 4 (October 17, 2022): 758–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nursrep12040075.
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(1) Background: The perception of others’ emotions based on non-verbal cues, such as facial expressions, is fundamental for interpersonal communication and mutual support. Using personal protection equipment (PPE) in a work environment during the SAR-CoV-2 pandemic challenged health professionals’ ability to recognise emotions and expressions while wearing PPE. The working hypothesis of this study was that the increased limitation of facial visibility, due to the use of a personal protective device, would interfere with the perception of basic emotions in the participants. (2) Methods: Through a cross-sectional descriptive study, the present research aimed to analyse the identification of four basic emotions (happiness; sadness; fear/surprise; and disgust/anger) through three types of PPE (FFP2 respirator, protective overall and powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR)), by using 32 photographs. The study was conducted using volunteer participants who met the inclusion criteria (individuals older than 13 without cognitive limitations). Participants had to recognise the emotions of actors in photographs that were randomly displayed in an online form. (3) Results: In general, the 690 participants better recognised happiness and fear, independently of the PPE utilised. Women could better identify different emotions, along with university graduates and young and middle-aged adults. Emotional identification was at its worst when the participants wore protective overalls (5.42 ± 1.22), followed by the PAPR (5.83 ± 1.38); the best scores were obtained using the FFP2 masks (6.57 ± 1.20). Sadness was the least recognised emotion, regardless of age. (4) Conclusions: The personal protective devices interfere in the recognition of emotions, with the protective overalls having the greatest impact, and the FFP2 mask the least. The emotions that were best recognised were happiness and fear/surprise, while the least recognised emotion was sadness. Women were better at identifying emotions, as well as participants with higher education, and young and middle-aged adults.
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Elchuri, Ananya, Rashmi S. Pattanshetty, Abhiraami . Shaji, V. V. Swathi Priya, Gayathry S. Menon, and Caroline Shaji. "Questionnaire Study on the Use of Face Masks during the Covid-19 Pandemic among the Dentists and General Public o f Virajpet Town." JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY DENTAL RESEARCH 8, no. 1 (July 8, 2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.38138/jmdr/v8i1.22.17.
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Masks should be used as part of the comprehensive strategy of measures to suppress transmission of COVID-19 and save lives. The aim of the study was to assess the use of face masks among the dentists and general public in Virajpet town. A survey was conducted by distributing a questionnaire (Google forms) to the subjects after obtaining informed consent. A total of 316 individuals in 18-50 age group were surveyed. Cloth mask was used most commonly (61.1%) followed by N95 masks (49.7%), Surgical three ply masks (41.1%) and Respirator (4.1%).88% of the surveyed population reported hand sanitization measures after wearing face masks. Majority of subjects wore face masks for less than 1 hour duration (upto 38%) in a day. The most common reported side effect was sweating (38.9%) followed by Breathing Difficulty (31.6%), Itching (12.7%) and Slurred Speech (9.5%). The results of our study may be of help in construction of general public education campaigns on the proper use of face masks. Keywords: Pandemic, Coronavirus, Facemasks
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Greenhalgh, Trisha, Aris Katzourakis, Tristram D. Wyatt, and Stephen Griffin. "Rapid evidence review to inform safe return to campus in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)." Wellcome Open Research 6 (October 20, 2021): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17270.1.
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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted predominantly through the air in crowded and unventilated indoor spaces among unvaccinated people. Universities and colleges are potential settings for its spread. Methods: An interdisciplinary team from public health, virology, and biology used narrative methods to summarise and synthesise evidence on key control measures, taking account of mode of transmission. Results: Evidence from a wide range of primary studies supports six measures. Vaccinate (aim for > 90% coverage and make it easy to get a jab). Require masks indoors, especially in crowded settings. If everyone wears well-fitting cloth masks, source control will be high, but for maximum self-protection, respirator masks should be worn. Masks should not be removed for speaking or singing. Space people out by physical distancing (but there is no “safe” distance because transmission risk varies with factors such as ventilation, activity levels and crowding), reducing class size (including offering blended learning), and cohorting (students remain in small groups with no cross-mixing). Clean indoor air using engineering controls—ventilation (while monitoring CO2 levels), inbuilt filtration systems, or portable air cleaners fitted with high efficiency particulate air [HEPA] filters). Test asymptomatic staff and students using lateral flow tests, with tracing and isolating infectious cases when incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is high. Support clinically vulnerable people to work remotely. There is no direct evidence to support hand sanitising, fomite controls or temperature-taking. There is evidence that freestanding plastic screens, face visors and electronic air-cleaning systems are ineffective. Conclusions: The above six evidence-based measures should be combined into a multi-faceted strategy to maximise both student safety and the continuation of in-person and online education provision. Staff and students seeking to negotiate a safe working and learning environment should collect data (e.g. CO2 levels, room occupancy) to inform conversations.
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Greenhalgh, Trisha, Aris Katzourakis, Tristram D. Wyatt, and Stephen Griffin. "Rapid evidence review to inform safe return to campus in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)." Wellcome Open Research 6 (January 5, 2022): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17270.2.
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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted predominantly through the air in crowded and unventilated indoor spaces, especially among unvaccinated people. Universities and colleges are potential settings for its spread. Methods: An interdisciplinary team from public health, virology, and biology used narrative methods to summarise and synthesise evidence on key control measures, taking account of mode of transmission. Results: Evidence from a wide range of primary studies supports six measures. Vaccinate (aim for > 90% coverage and make it easy to get a jab). Require masks indoors, especially in crowded settings. If everyone wears well-fitting cloth masks, source control will be high, but for maximum self-protection, respirator masks should be worn. Masks should not be removed for speaking or singing. Space people out by physical distancing (but there is no “safe” distance because transmission risk varies with factors such as ventilation, activity levels and crowding), reducing class size (including offering blended learning), and cohorting (students remain in small groups with no cross-mixing). Clean indoor air using engineering controls—ventilation (while monitoring CO2 levels), inbuilt filtration systems, or portable air cleaners fitted with high efficiency particulate air [HEPA] filters). Test asymptomatic staff and students using lateral flow tests, with tracing and isolating infectious cases when incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is high. Support clinically vulnerable people to work remotely. There is no direct evidence to support hand sanitising, fomite controls or temperature-taking. There was no evidence that freestanding plastic screens, face visors and electronic air-cleaning systems are effective. Conclusions: The above evidence-based measures should be combined into a multi-faceted strategy to maximise both student safety and the continuation of in-person and online education provision. Those seeking to provide a safe working and learning environment should collect data (e.g. CO2 levels, room occupancy) to inform their efforts.
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Amsikan, Novita Scolastica, Yuliana Radja Riwu, and Deviarbi Sakke Tira. "Hubungan Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Penyakit Kusta di Kota Kupang Tahun 2018." Lontar : Journal of Community Health 1, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/ljch.v1i1.2152.
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Leprosy is a disease caused by The mycobacterium leprae which has a 2-5 year incubation period that attack The skin, peripheral nerves, upper respirator mucosa and eyes. The number of leprosy cases in Kupang experienced fluctuatuions where Three were 63 cases in 2013, 61 cases in 2014, 74 cases in 2015 and 66 cases in 2016. The purpose of this Study has to analyze the riskf ractors associated with the incidence of leprosy in Kupang in 2018. The type of research used was an analytical survei using the Case Control desing. The Population in this Study were 66 people, with a Case sampel of 23 people and a Control sampel of 46 people, a total sampel of 69 people. The sampling technique used was simpel random sampling. The statistical test used was the Chi Square Test. The Results of the analysis showed that room temperatur factors had a significal relationship with the incidence leprosy with a P value of 0.002 (P<0,05) while knowledge, personal hygiene, length of contact, humidity, occupancy density did not have signifikan relationship with the incidence of leprosy. Suggestions for health institutions is that the should provide more comprehensive and sustainable education to the community in order to increase the knowledge about leprosy and the community should participate in conseling about leprosy and be able to participate in the prevention of leprosy.
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Russell-Green, Sienna, Jacqueline Cotton, and Susan Brumby. "Research Engagement Changes Attitudes and Behaviours towards Agrichemical Safety in Australian Farmers." Safety 6, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety6010016.
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There is limited research that evaluates the effect of farmer involvement in agrichemical exposure surveillance on their attitudes and behaviour towards pesticide handling and use of personal protective equipment. This limited follow-up study aimed to (i) evaluate attitudes/behaviours towards the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among farmers who participated in the In-Field Personalised Cholinesterase Assessment Project (PCAP) (2016/17); and (ii) qualitatively assess the effect of monthly presentation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) testing results on farmer agrichemical safety practices and behaviours prior to, and following participation in PCAP. This study surveyed 42 farming men and women, asking questions about agrichemical usage and hygiene practices. The majority of surveyed farmers’ self-apply agrichemicals on their farm (97.6%), with 81% reporting that involvement in PCAP research changed the way they handled Organophosphates (OPs)—a widely used insecticide in agriculture. By enabling people to think critically about their exposure, there was a 66% increase in frequency of respirator usage post-PCAP. Following this, participants were invited to take part in one-on-one interviews to further discuss their involvement in PCAP. Many responses were positive, with participants stating they were more aware and cautious of their own practices. This study determined that research participation and point-of-care testing and education can result in effective engagement of farmers and farm workers, increase health literacy and change farming practice—highlighting the importance of an interactive, participatory model in order to bring about change, to reduce possible pesticide exposures.
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Eiras, Daniel, Andrea Echeverri, Kieran Toale, Patricia Tennill, and Laura Evans. "Painting the Gown Red: Using a Colored Paint Quality Improvement Process to Evaluate Healthcare Worker Personal Protective Equipment for Highly Pathogenic Infections." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1031.
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Abstract Background Personal protective equipment (PPE) and strict infection control techniques are the primary methods by which healthcare workers (HCW) can avoid exposure during the treatment of patients with highly pathogenic infections such as Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) or the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). There is currently no consensus for the types of PPE that are recommended to be worn by HCWs, nor is there a universal process for the donning and doffing of PPE. Methods HCWs from Bellevue Hospital participate in quarterly PPE trainings as part of the Special Pathogens Program (SPP), which consist of didactic sessions as well as an evaluation of donning and doffing techniques. A total of 50 HCWs completed the training curriculum in 2017. During the doffing process, PPE trainers applied corn start powder paint (Chameleon Colors; American Fork, UT) to the participants’ gloved hands between multiple steps of PPE removal. At the end of the process, the areas where paint was found on was documented including the outer surgical gown, the powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) helmet and shroud, the inner impermeable suit, the knee-high boots and boot covers, and the extended-cuff gloves. Results The areas of PPE that were most marked with paint were the lower shoulders and upper arms of the surgical gowns, the top sides of the PAPR shroud, the front upper chest area, and the center back of the inner impermeable suits. In a majority of cases no powder paint was noted on the knee-high boots. In a minority of cases, paint was observed on the inside upper chest area of the surgical gown. These paint markings were used to discuss potential breaches in PPE doffing technique in real-time, as well as identify areas to target in future PPE trainings. Conclusion The powdered paint quality improvement process for donning and doffing PPE is a method to evaluate the complex PPE dressing procedure. It is particularly useful given the fact that it is incumbent on each hospital or healthcare system to develop its own processes and procedures for PPE, as well as maintain readiness through periodic trainings. Powdered paint can identify vulnerabilities in their process as well as areas that require further education. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Abidin, Muhammad Farid Bin Zainal, Nur Farhana Binti Zainan, Mafeitzeral Bin Mamat, Sivasankar Pubalan, and Mohd Syahfadzreen Bin Yunus. "The Impact of Proper PPE Protocol in A Highly Community Spread of Infectious COVID-19 in Semporna." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 5 (March 5, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v5i0.312.
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Introduction: The district of Semporna, Sabah was majorly hit by the third wave surge of COVID-19 in September 2020. At the peak of the crisis, services in Semporna Hospital were paralyzed with 40 healthcare workers (HCW) found to be COVID-19 positive; contributing to 14% of the total manpower.Objectives: Due to the immediate crisis, the main priority was to control the spread of COVID- 19 amongst the Semporna Hospital HCWs. This was important to curb direct infection from handling suspected patients seeking treatment in Semporna Hospital. Based on the hospital capabilities and resources, a comprehensive modified protocol was needed to control the situation.Methods: Semporna Hospital pandemic emergency task force was established with the presence of multi department and specialties. Multiple issues were raised and attended to, especially; issue of preparedness, low PPE stock and Emergency Department infrastructure.Results: The number of Semporna Hospital HCWs infected with COVID-19 was minimal after the initial disaster. Emergency Department infrastructure was improvised, workflow processes modified, HCW protection education prioritized and complete PPE sets were stocked up. All these efforts were under the strict supervision of the infectious control unit. The presence of multiple units of Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) completed our adherence to the Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines in managing the highly infectious level 4 patients for aerosolized generating procedures (AGP).Conclusion: This achievement can be used as a preparedness reference for other non-specialist district hospitals in Malaysia.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2021 Page: S21
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Ostojić, Mirko, and Đorđe Stefanović. "The respiration muscles recovery tangent after the breath holding: The study of affirmation of methods of knowledge." Fizicka kultura 74, no. 1 (2020): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fizkul2001030o.
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The subject of this research is the individual respiration constant calculated based on the respiratory musculature breathing equation. This non-experimental observation conducted on a sample of students from the Faculty of Sports and Physical Education in Belgrade (N=30). The measurement aimed at the acquisition and analysis of the average power of the surface electromyography signal (sEMG) in the protocols before and after prolonged respiratory retention. The results of the research showed that the individual coefficient of control break (Cp) represents a unique characteristic of the respiratory muscles of the subjects. In a relatively trained sample of young people of both sexes, it determined that after holding their breath, until the moment of the so-called "stroke" (progression of respiration to adapt to a stressful situation), recovery time has a linear course and is directly related to the engagement of the monitored respiratory muscles of the subjects, i.e., indirectly the capacity of the individual to assimilate O2 from the inhaled air. In the practical meaning of this research, we emphasize that individual results can be correlated with the equation of respiration of respiratory muscles, to find out and approach the original method for the presented personal respirational constant.
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KESTER, L., R. RICE, and J. STOLLER. "Respiratory Care Continuing Education." Respiratory Care Clinics of North America 11, no. 3 (September 2005): 505–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcc.2005.04.004.
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Köroğlu, Yaşar. "The effects of respiratory muscle training on aerobic, anaerobic and respiration parameters." African Educational Research Journal 9, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.92.21.031.
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This study was conducted to search the effect of respiratory muscle training on aerobic, anaerobic endurance, and respiratory parameters in primary school students. 32 volunteer students, between the ages of 13-14, participated in this study. The volunteers were divided into experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 17). The experimental group participated in the football training of the school team three days a week, with two hours of physical education lessons in a week. Also, respiratory muscle training was applied with the Powerbreathe device for 5 weeks, five days a week in the morning and evening. The control group only participated in the football training of the school team three days a week, with two hours of physical education lessons in a week. Physical measurements, pulse, systolic-diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, lung volume and capacity, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and inspiratory pressure were measured before and after the study. Physical measurements has been determined that there are differences in the values of FAT, BMR, anaerobic power and MaxVO2, respiratory parameters, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). It was observed that Inspiratory pressure measurement values were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). As a result, it can be said that five-week respiratory muscle training positively affects aerobic and anaerobic endurance, respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength of primary school students compared to students who do regular training.
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Kane, Imogen, Jeffrey Hansen, and Robert Lewis. "A novel, interactive game to improve understanding of respiratory control pathways in first-year medical students." Advances in Physiology Education 46, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00078.2021.
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The physiology of respiration is a challenging subject for many medical students. To assist students, we have developed an active learning game that physically places students within a model outlining the respiratory control pathway. Participants were provided with a vodcast describing the physiology of respiratory control and instructed to view this before the activity. Once in the classroom, groups of students sat at tables marked to represent components of the respiratory control pathway (e.g., apneustic center, diaphragm etc.). Tables were connected with green and red ropes indicating excitatory or inhibitory effects, respectively. Students were presented with various scenarios (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis) and asked to predict and illustrate the scenario’s effect on subsequent steps in the respiratory pathway by waving the appropriate connecting rope. The next table would continue the pattern to simulate the collective physiological adaptation of the respiratory pathway. Thirty first-year medical students participated in this study. Following the activity, 25 out of the 30 participants completed an optional survey. The survey aimed to assess the benefits of adding this activity to our first-year medical curriculum to build a foundational understanding of the physiology of respiration. Responses were overwhelmingly favorable, and participants reported that playing the game significantly improved their perceived understanding of the physiology of respiratory control. All but one of the participants recommended using the activity in future classes. Because the small size of the study group may limit generalizability, future larger scale studies are planned.
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Fabbri, L. M. "Continuous Education in Respiratory Medicine: European Respiratory Monographs." European Respiratory Journal 8, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.95.08111824.
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Russell, Edel, Jason Joyce, Jacqueline Boyle, Kudos Anyakudo, Michael Keegan, Brendan Harold, Grainne Flanagan, and Susan Curtis. "'PREP' Peamount Respiratory Education Programme." International Journal of Integrated Care 17, no. 5 (October 17, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.3436.
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BOONE, E., and K. RYE. "Distance Education in Respiratory Care." Respiratory Care Clinics of North America 11, no. 3 (September 2005): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcc.2005.04.006.
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Watson, Trudy J. "Respiratory Care Education Includes Intubations." Chest 109, no. 2 (February 1996): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.109.2.583-a.
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Smale, Jeffery, and Kesavan Kutty. "Respiratory Care Education Includes Intubations." Chest 109, no. 2 (February 1996): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.109.2.584.
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Mastrogiannis, Demos. "Respiratory Nursing Education. A Core Curriculum." Nurse Education in Practice 12, no. 2 (March 2012): e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2011.10.003.
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Riha, Renata L. "Breathe: continuing education in respiratory medicine." Breathe 14, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/20734735.000718.
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Dulloo, Puja, and Nirmal A. Pathare. "Case Based Methodology: A Method to Enhance the Learning of Physiological Basis of Cardiovascular and Respiratory System to Undergraduate Medical Students." American Journal of Educational Research 1, no. 10 (November 22, 2013): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/education-1-10-3.
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Liebenson, C. "Re-education of faulty respiration." Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 3, no. 4 (October 1999): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1360-8592(99)80007-2.
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Yuniarti, Tri, and Rejo. "HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TENTANG FAKTOR PENYEBAB ASMA DENGAN KEKAMBUHAN ASMA DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH DELANGGU." KOSALA : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 8, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37831/jik.v8i1.183.
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Background. Asthma is a respiratory disease of the respiratory tract. Recurrence of asthma can be triggered by several factors such as environment, food, cold air, and emotion. Health education is an application or application in the field of health in everyday life. Increased health education on the relapse of asthma can be done with health counseling. The Aim of the Study. To determine the relationship of health education about the factors that cause asthma relapse asthma in PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu General Hospital.Subject and Method. Research subjects were 25 respondents and data were analyzed using Chi Square. Result. Based on analysis test by using chi square analysis with linear alternatives by linear  x2 = 5.538 and p-value = 0.019 so that there was of significant relation between health education about factor of asthma cause to asthma relapse at PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu General Hospital (p=0.019). Conclusion: There is a relationship of health education about factors causing asthma to asthma relapse at PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu General Hospital.Keywords: Asthma, Asthma Relapse, Health Education Korespondensi: Tri Yuniarti. STIKES Mambaul Ulum Surakarta, Jl.Ring Road Utara KM. 03 Tawangsari, Mojosongo, Jebres Surakarta. Email: yuniartitri3006@gmail.com.
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Köroğlu, Yaşar, and Mehmet Şerif Ökmen. "The Effect of Participation in Educational Games Activity on Respiratory Values and Anthropometric Properties in Children." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211592920.
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Aim: In this study, it was aimed to examine the anthropometric properties and respiratory parameter values of students between the ages of 10-11 who regularly participate in educational games. Methods: 34 students studying, İncesu Kızılören Parlaklar Secondary School, voluntarily participated in the study. While the experimental group (n=18) participated in educational game activities three days a week along with physical education lessons for five weeks, the control group (n=16) attended only physical education lessons. They did not participate in the educational game activities. Two measurements were carried out to the students as pre-test and post-test. Results: While the anthropometric measurements of the students participating in the study were measured with the Tanita measuring device, their respiration values were determined with a spirometer. Data are shown as arithmetic mean and standard deviation. A dependent sample t-test was used to compare independent groups and also paired sample t-test was used to compare dependent groups. The significance level was determined as (p<0.05). In the study, it was seen that there was a significant difference in body fat mass, lean body mass (FFM), total body fluid (ibw) values of the experimental group (p<0.05), while only a significant difference was found in basal metabolic rate (bmh) values in the control group. In the respiratory function values, the forced vital capacity (fvc), the air volume removed in the first second of forced expiration (fev1) of the experimental group. While the difference in peak expiratory flow (pef) and maximum voluntary ventilation (mvv) values were found to be significant, fev1, pef, and mvv values were found to be significant in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was seen that educational games had a positive effect on anthropometric measurement and respiration values in primary school students aged 10-11 years. We think that increasing the time of the physical education lessons and sparing more time to educational games, explaining the importance of educational games to physical education teachers, school administration, and students, and regular educational game competitions will make a significant contribution to the development of children. Keywords: Educational Games, Anthropometric Measurement, Respiratory
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Narasimhan, Supriya, Vidya Mony, Tracey Stoll, Sherilyn Oribello, Karanas Yvonne, and Dolly Goel. "COVID-19 Outbreak in an Acute-Care Hospital: Lessons Learned." Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 1, S1 (July 2021): s56—s57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2021.109.
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Background: We describe the infection prevention investigation of a cluster of 15 healthcare workers (HCWs) and 7 patients in a single non–COVID-19 unit of an acute-care hospital in September 2020. Methods: The infection prevention team was notified of 13 SARS-CoV-2–positive, symptomatic HCWs in an acute-care non–COVID-19 unit in 1 week (August 30, 2020, to September 3, 2020). In the same week, 2 patients who had been on the unit were diagnosed with nosocomial COVID-19. An epidemiologic investigation identified the exposure period to be between August 19, 2020, and September 3, 2020. The following immediate containment measures were implemented: closing the unit to new admissions, restricting float staff, moving existing patients to private rooms, mandatory masking of patients, and mandatory respirator and eye protection on unit entry for all HCWs. Exposed unit staff were tested immediately and then every 4 days until September 18, 2020. Likewise, exposed patients, including those discharged, were notified and offered testing. Hospital-wide HCW surveillance testing was conducted. Enhanced environmental control measures were conducted, including terminal cleaning and ultraviolet C (UV-C) disinfection of common areas and patient rooms and a thorough investigation of airflow. Detailed staff interviews were performed to identify causes of transmission. Multiple town hall meetings were held for staff education and updates. Results: In total, 108 total patients were deemed exposed: 33 were inpatients and 75 had been discharged. Testing identified 5 additional patient cases among 57 patients who received testing; 51 chose to self-monitor for symptoms. Staff testing identified 2 additional cases. Thus, 15 HCWs and 7 patients were linked in this cluster. The containment measures successfully ended staff transmission as of September 5, 2020. The last patient case was detected on September 10, 2020. Secondary cases were noted in 6 HCW families. We identified staff presenteeism, complacency, and socialization in break rooms and outside work as major causes of transmission. Suboptimal compliance with universal eye protection and hand hygiene (67%) were contributing factors. We determined by contact tracing and temporality that the outbreak could have stemmed from nursing home patient(s) through floating HCWs to staff on the affected unit. Directionality of transmission was from staff to patients in this cluster. Conclusions: Many facets of pandemic fatigue were apparent in this outbreak, namely, inability of HCWs to adhere to changing PPE guidance, presenteeism pressures due to workforce needs, and socialization with peers due to a false sense of security conferred by biweekly surveillance testing. Ongoing PPE education, repeated reinforcement, as well as engagement in staff wellness are crucial to combatting pandemic fatigue, conserving our workforce, and preventing future outbreaks.Funding: NoDisclosures: None
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Fernández-Luna, Álvaro, Pablo Burillo, Leonor Gallardo, and Ignacio Ara. "Consecuencias sobre la salud y la función respiratoria del tratamiento químico del agua en piscinas cubiertas (Consequences to health and lung function of the chemical treatments of water in indoor swimming pools)." Retos, no. 26 (March 5, 2015): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i26.34404.
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los tratamientos químicos del agua utilizados en piscinas cubiertas y los métodos para evaluar sus efectos en la función y aparato respiratorio de diferentes poblaciones asistentes a estas instalaciones. Se realizó una búsqueda de publicaciones científicas y libros sobre los tratamientos químicos en piscinas y sus efectos en la salud y la función respiratoria. Los tratamientos químicos en piscina basados en el cloro y el bromo generan subproductos de desinfección dañinos para el organismo (DBPs) como las cloraminas y los trihalomentanos (THM). Existen tratamientos alternativos como ultravioleta y ozono que reducen la formación de DBPs. Los métodos de evaluación utilizados para detectar enfermedades, daño pulmonar y de las vías respiratorias son las técnicas basadas en la espirometría, y el análisis de biomarcadores en plasma o suero sanguíneo (proteínas CC16, surfactantes A, B y D, Inmunoglobulina específica), aire exhalado (óxido nítrico, citoquinas), orina (CC16, leukotrieno B4), esputo o saliva (eosinofilos y linfocitos) y DBPs en aire exhalado, sangre u orina. Los efectos observados en las diferentes poblaciones han sido el aumento de la permeabilidad del epitelio pulmonar, la inflamación de las vías respiratorias y síntomas asociados al asma, hiper-reactividad bronquial y rinitis alérgica. Los efectos negativos detectados en el aparato respiratorio de las diferentes poblaciones en piscinas están relacionados con la exposición a productos químicos. Algunos Biomarcadores (como la proteína CC16) obtienen una mayor fiabilidad. Los tratamientos complementarios (ozono y ultravioleta) no han sido evaluados y pueden suponer una reducción en los problemas respiratorios de nadadores y trabajadores.Palabras Clave: biomarcadores, enfermedades respiratorias, espirometría, natación, subproductos de desinfección.Abstrac: The aim of this study was to identify the effects on respiratory function produced by water chemical treatments in the indoor pools in different populations. We made a review of the scientific literature about chemical treatments of water and assessment methods used to detect health effects and respiratory function. Chemical treatments chlorine and bromine generate disinfection byproducts (DBPs) that are harmful to the body, such as chloramines and trihalomethanes (THM). There exist alternative treatments such as ultraviolet radiation and ozone to reduce the formation of DBPs. The methods used to detect diseases of the respiratory tract are spirometry, analysis of biomarkers in plasma or serum (CC16 proteins, surfactants A, B and D, etc..) and exhaled air (nitric oxide, cytokines). The health problems that have been observed are the increase in lung epithelial permeability, inflammation of the airways and other symptoms associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis and bronchial hyper reactivity. The negative effects on respiratory function are related to prolonged exposure to chemicals (chlorine and bromine) in indoor swimming pools. Some biomarkers such as protein CC16 obtain greater reliability as a measurable variable. The reduced presence of DBPs in combination water treatments may be a way to reduce respiratory problems. However, more research is needed for confirmation.Key words: biomarkers, disinfection by products, lung diseases, spirometry, swimming.
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Dr. Swaroopa Chakole, Mustafa Amdani,. "Respiratory Care in Corona." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.1890.
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BACKGROUND
The expanse of the coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is huge. The impact is multispectral and affected almost all aspects of human life.
SUMMARY
Respiratory impact of the COVID-19 is the most felt and widely reported impact. As the novel coronavirus maintained its history of affecting lungs as seen previously in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak. Ventilators and oxygen support system are required mostly in comorbid patients particularly amongpatientsbearing illnesses like asthma, bronchial impairment and so on.
CONCLUSION
More study needs to be done in order to assess the impact on the respiratory functioning of the body. Respiratory care must be including proper instruments so that more efficient result can be obtained. Research is needed to promote the invention of specific therapy for targeted action for respiratory functioning improvement.
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Becker, Daniel E., and Andrew B. Casabianca. "Respiratory Monitoring: Physiological and Technical Considerations." Anesthesia Progress 56, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/0003-3006-56.1.14.
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Abstract The American Dental Association and several dental specialty organizations have published guidelines that detail requirements for monitoring patients during various levels of sedation and, in some cases, general anesthesia. In general, all these are consistent with those guidelines suggested by the American Society of Anesthesiologists for sedation and analgesia by nonanesthesiologists. It is well accepted that the principal negative impact of sedation and anesthesia is the compromise of respiratory function. While monitoring per se is a technical issue, an appreciation of its purpose and the interpretation of the information provided require an understanding of respiratory anatomy and physiology. The focus of this continuing education article is to address the physiological aspects of respiration and to understand the appropriate use of monitors, including the interpretation of the information they provide.
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Petrasko, Kristine L. "A Role for Pharmacists in Respiratory Education." Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada 145, no. 2 (March 2012): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/145.2.cpj64.
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Mitchell, Sharon, Fabio Pitta, and Thierry Troosters. "Standardised education and training for respiratory physiotherapists." Breathe 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2013): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/20734735.001013.
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VINES, D., and T. LEGRAND. "State-of-the-Art Respiratory Care Education." Respiratory Care Clinics of North America 11, no. 3 (September 2005): xvii—xviii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcc.2005.05.001.
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BRANSON, R., and N. MACINTYRE. "State-of-the-Art Respiratory Care Education." Respiratory Care Clinics of North America 11, no. 3 (September 2005): xv—xvi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcc.2005.05.002.
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Hudmon, Karen Suchanek, Michael Mark, Adam L. Livin, Robin L. Corelli, and Steven A. Schroeder. "Tobacco Education in U.S. Respiratory Care Programs." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 16, no. 10 (July 16, 2014): 1394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu113.
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Chacón Sevilla, Alex Esaú, Raul Orlando Figueroa Soriano, Nahun David Martinez Saravia, Raul Antonio Gaitan Amador, and Yefrik Yair Lanza Reyes. "Ejercicio físico y terapia respiratoria sobre la condición física, la calidad de vida y las funciones ejecutivas en un superviviente de neumonía inducida por SARS-CoV-2 (Physical exercise and respiratory therapy on physical fitness, quality of life and executive functions in a survivor of SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia)." Retos 47 (November 10, 2022): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.93069.
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Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio aeróbico moderado combinado con terapia respiratoria sobre la condición física, la calidad vida relacionada con la salud, las funciones ejecutivas y la función pulmonar en un sobreviviente de neumonía atípica bilateral inducida por SARS-CoV-2, tras su alta hospitalaria. El sujeto estudiado es un hombre de 35 años, soltero, sedentario, y con estudios elementales, que fue ingresado durante 14 días en urgencias por una neumonía atípica bilateral provocada por SARS-CoV-2. El programa de intervención, de 8 semanas de duración, consistió en la aplicación de diferentes ejercicios respiratorios más otros destinados a la mejora de la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria y de la fuerza muscular. Los resultados muestran una mejora de la condición física, de las funciones ejecutivas, y de la función pulmonar. Sin embargo, no se observaron cambios evidentes en ciertas dimensiones relacionadas con la calidad de vida expresada por el sujeto. Se puede concluir, por tanto, que este programa de intervención mixto, basado en ejercicio físico y terapia respiratoria, genera efectos positivos sobre la condición física, la función respiratoria y la capacidad cognitiva del paciente participante en esta investigación. Palabras clave: neumonía, ejercicio físico, terapia respiratoria, SARS-CoV-2, condición física, funciones ejecutivas. Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effects of a moderate aerobic exercise program combined with respiratory therapy on physical condition, health-related quality of life, executive functions, and lung function in a SARS-induced bilateral atypical pneumonia survivor. CoV-2, after discharge from hospital. The subject studied is a 35-year-old man, single, sedentary, and with elementary studies, who was admitted to the emergency room for 14 days for a bilateral atypical pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2. The 8-week intervention program consisted of the application of different respiratory exercises plus others aimed at improving cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular strength. The results show an improvement in physical condition, executive functions, and lung function. However, no obvious changes were observed in certain dimensions related to the quality of life expressed by the subject. Therefore, it can be concluded that this mixed intervention program, based on physical exercise and respiratory therapy, generates positive effects on the physical condition, respiratory function and cognitive capacity of the patient participating in this research. Key words: pneumonia, physical exercise, respiratory therapy, SARS-CoV-2, physical condition, executive functions.
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Baugh, Reginald F. "Observation following Tonsillectomy May Be Inadequate Due to Silent Death." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 151, no. 5 (August 27, 2014): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599814545758.
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The focus on the first 24 hours of care for respiratory events following tonsillectomy may be misplaced and a broader focus is warranted. Nocturnal hypoxemia, an elevated apnea-hypopnea index, or obstructive sleep apnea contributes to an increased sensitivity to narcotics and postoperative complications. Narcotic pain management depresses respiration through an increase in the frequency of central sleep apnea, decreased minute ventilation, increased hypercarbia pressure, and a decrease in the hypoxic ventilator response. Residual pain gives some margin of safety as it stimulates respiration. Children dying following tonsillectomy do so silently during sleep, often without arousing the attention of caregivers or nursing personnel in close proximity. Perioperative education of caregivers, use of the least morbid surgical technique, and the control of pain rather than its elimination are prudent steps in the management of tonsillectomy patients.
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Pulgar Muñoz, Susana, and Alvaro Fernández-Luna. "Práctica de actividad física, consumo de tabaco y alcohol y sus efectos en la salud respiratoria de los jóvenes universitarios (Physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption and their effects on the respiratory health of college students)." Retos, no. 35 (October 25, 2018): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.60603.
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El objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar y comparar los hábitos de vida (consumo de tabaco, alcohol y práctica de actividad física) y sus efectos en la salud respiratoria en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. La percepción de síntomas respiratorios y los hábitos de vida de los estudiantes se realizaron a través de un cuestionario específico de salud respiratoria validado para la población general en las preguntas de calidad de vida, el Sant George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). La muestra estuvo compuesta por estudiantes universitarios sedentarios (n = 497) y estudiantes universitarios del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (n = 315). Los estudiantes universitarios sedentarios, los que consumían alcohol y los fumadores, exfumadores y fumadores pasivos obtuvieron puntuaciones de síntomas respiratorios más altas en el SGRQ (p<.05) en comparación con los estudiantes de Ciencias del Deporte y los estudiantes que nunca consumían alcohol o tabaco. El consumo de tabaco y alcohol y la inactividad física parecen tener una influencia en la percepción de síntomas respiratorios en los estudiantes universitarios.Abastract. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare life habits (smoking, alcohol and physical activity) and their effects on respiratory health in a sample of university students. The perception of respiratory symptoms and life habits of university students was carried out through a specific validated respiratory health questionnaire, the Sant George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), for the general population with questions related to health-related life quality. The sample consisted of sedentary university students (n = 497) and university students of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Degree (n = 315). Sedentary university students, alcohol users, smokers, ex-smokers, and passive smokers had the highest rates of perceived respiratory symptoms in the SGRQ (p<.05) compared to Sport Science students and students who never consumed alcohol or tobacco. Tobacco and alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the factors that cause more respiratory symptoms in university students.
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Borgiani, Mariana, György Miklós Böhn, and Chao Lung Wen. "Tele-education may be a valuable approach for educating patients with asthma in under-served communities." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 13, no. 1_suppl (July 2007): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763307781645059.
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In Brazil, few people have access to asthma specialists. We conducted a survey in São Paulo city to evaluate the population's general knowledge about asthma. The results were used to guide the development of a 3-D video for patient education. The video presentation was about 12 min long. It used animated sequences to explain the pathophysiology of asthma (e.g. the anatomy of the respiratory system, the lung, the alveoli, mechanism of respiration). The object was to motivate the general public to change their habits. The motivation video can be delivered via the Internet or by DVD and can used by non-medical professionals. It will need to be tested formally in the context of primary care from the point of view of knowledge retention, cost and patient motivation.
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Šajnić, Andreja, Carol Kelly, Sheree Smith, Karen Heslop-Marshall, Malin Axelsson, José Miguel Padilha, Nicola Roberts, et al. "Need and baseline for harmonising nursing education in respiratory care: preliminary results of a global survey." Breathe 18, no. 3 (September 2022): 210172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0172-2021.
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BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic confirmed that respiratory nurses are critical healthcare providers. Limited knowledge is available about appropriate education to prepare nurses to deliver high-quality respiratory care. A survey was developed by the International Coalition for Respiratory Nursing (ICRN) group to identify the need for a respiratory nursing core curriculum.MethodA 39-item survey was distributed to 33 respiratory nursing experts in 27 countries. Questions asked about current roles, perception of need, expectations for a core curriculum project and respiratory content in nursing education in their countries.Results30 responses from 25 countries were analysed; participants predominantly worked in academia (53.3%, 16/30) and clinical practice (40%, 12/30). In total, 97% (29/30) confirmed a need for a core respiratory nursing curriculum. Post-registration nursing programmes at bachelor (83.3%, 25/30) and masters (63.3%, 19/30) levels include internal/medical nursing care; less than half identified separate respiratory nursing content. The core educational programme developed should include knowledge (70%, 21/30), skills (60%, 18/30), and competencies (50%, 15/30), with separate paediatric and adult content.ConclusionSurvey results confirm a wide variation in nursing education and respiratory nursing education across the world, with many countries lacking any formal educational programmes to prepare nurses capable of providing enhanced quality respiratory care. These findings support the need for a core respiratory curriculum. To advance this significant work the ICRN group plans to conduct a Delphi study to identify core curriculum requirements for respiratory nursing education at pre-registration and advanced educational levels to flexibly meet each country's specific educational requirements for recognition of respiratory nursing speciality practice.
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Popoola, Sunday O., Olabode O. Akintoye, Olagoke O. Erinomo, Oyesanmi A. Fabunmi, and Samuel A. Dada. "INVESTIGATION INTO IRRITANT CONSEQUENCES OF EMBALMING CHEMICALS ON RESPIRATORY TRACTS OF EMBALMERS Investigación sobre las consecuencias irritantes de los productos químicos de embalaje en los tractos respiratorios de los embalsantes." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 11, no. 3 (November 20, 2019): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v11.n3.25477.
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Exposure to toxic substances including embalming chemicals was established as health hazard depending on specific properties of contaminant, exposure situations and individual’s health status. Health hazards from embalming practices amongst a fraction of licenced embalmers were investigated: auditing safety and comfortability in embalmment, demonstration of respiratory occupational health hazards and analysis of basic precautionary measures in embalmment. Study conducted in hospitals’ mortuaries and anatomic laboratories. A proforma designed for collection of data was categorized into 4-sections: socio-demographics; mortuary design; pre-employment assessment; and respiratory function. Mortuaries/anatomic laboratories across Ekiti, Nigeria were scheduled by a team of investigators administering proforma on each centre and individuals involved. Controls were drawn from other workers outside embalming/anatomy departments of same institution. Data collated and analysed with statistical-significance as p<0.05. Sixty-eight workers participated with 34 each for case and control. Embalmers’ highest age-group (18-44years) constituted 17(50.0%). Religion: Christianity 31(91.2%) and Islam 3(8.8%). Education: primary 6(17.6%); secondary 14(41.2%) and tertiary 14(41.2%). Respiratory rates, forced expiratory volumes within 1-second and maximum voluntary volumes were statistically-significant while relative differences were observed in tidal volumes. Concordance test (p>0.05) showed inter-dependency amongst the parameters assessing respiratory function. Embalmment was dreadful on respiration of embalmers by deranging lung volumes. Approximative 6% of embalmers developed obstructive respiratory lesion equated to a disaster. Embalming centres in this locality, perhaps, Nigeria at large were rated low due to myriad of unwarranted exposure to embalming fluids. Standard and well-equipped mortuaries/anatomic laboratories were recommended in reducing to the barest minimum: dreadful effects of embalming chemicals, typically, Formaldehyde.
La exposición a sustancias tóxicas, incluidos los productos químicos de embalsamamiento, se estableció como un peligro para la salud dependiendo de las propiedades específicas de los contaminantes, las situaciones de exposición y el estado de salud del individuo. Se investigaron los riesgos para la salud de las prácticas de embalsamamiento entre una fracción de los embalsamadores autorizados: auditar la seguridad y la comodidad en el embalsamamiento, la demostración de los riesgos de salud ocupacional respiratoria y el análisis de las medidas de precaución básicas en el embalsamamiento. Estudio realizado en mortuorios y laboratorios anatómicos de hospitales. Un formulario diseñado para la recopilación de datos se clasificó en 4 secciones: sociodemográficas; diseño mortuorio; evaluación previa al empleo; y función respiratoria. Los laboratorios de anatomía / mortuorios en Ekiti, Nigeria, fueron programados por un equipo de investigadores que administraban proforma en cada centro e individuos involucrados. Los controles se obtuvieron de otros trabajadores fuera de los departamentos de embalsamamiento / anatomía de la misma institución. Datos recopilados y analizados con significación estadística como p <0,05. Sesenta y ocho trabajadores participaron con 34 cada uno por caso y control. El grupo de edad más alto de los embalsamadores (18-44 años) constituía 17 (50.0%). Religión: Cristianismo 31 (91,2%) e Islam 3 (8,8%). Educación: primaria 6 (17,6%); secundaria 14 (41,2%) y terciaria 14 (41,2%). Las tasas respiratorias, los volúmenes espiratorios forzados dentro de 1 segundo y los volúmenes voluntarios máximos fueron estadísticamente significativos, mientras que se observaron diferencias relativas en los volúmenes corrientes. La prueba de concordancia (p> 0.05) mostró interdependencia entre los parámetros que evalúan la función respiratoria. El embalsamamiento fue terrible en la respiración de los embalsamadores al alterar los volúmenes pulmonares. Aproximadamente el 6% de los embalsamadores desarrollaron una lesión respiratoria obstructiva equivalente a un desastre. Los centros de embalsamamiento en esta localidad, tal vez, Nigeria en general, recibieron una calificación baja debido a la miríada de exposición injustificada a los fluidos de embalsamamiento. Se recomendaron laboratorios mortuorios / anatómicos estándar y bien equipados para reducir al mínimo lo más mínimo posible: los terribles efectos de los productos químicos de embalsamamiento, por lo general, formaldehído.
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Green, R. "Caregiver education for childhood respiratory conditions in Africa." African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine 24, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sarj.2018.v24i2.215.
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Polkey, M., T. Howes, G. Burns, and S. G. Spiro. "Respiratory education: a dangerous drift away from academia?" European Respiratory Journal 32, no. 5 (November 1, 2008): 1144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00137008.
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Zhao, Yongmei, Min Liu, Zhihong Fan, Jinjing Li, Ling Shi, Yixin Zhang, Yuerui Gong, and Wei Yang. "Application of Audio Education in Respiratory Medicine Wards." Clinical Nursing Research 29, no. 6 (February 17, 2019): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773819829622.
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Improving the efficiency of patient education can help improve patient’s satisfaction and alleviate the pressure of nurse shortage. This study aimed to develop and pilot an educational audio to improve the effectiveness of inpatient education. A primary literature review was conducted and educational materials were written and recorded by MP3. A pilot study was conducted in 713 adult patients in the department of respiratory medicine at a large urban Shanghai teaching hospital. Patients in the experimental group showed greater satisfaction with their health education. For the education to be effective during the admission, the asthma patients in the experimental group spent less time in face-to-face communication. The feedback rate for disease education among asthma patients in the experimental group was significantly higher. Wider applications of audio in patient education may be valuable to better adjust to nurse reduction and to improve nursing service quality.
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ARI, A., L. GOODFELLOW, and J. RAU. "Characteristics of a Successful Respiratory Therapy Education Program." Respiratory Care Clinics of North America 11, no. 3 (September 2005): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcc.2005.04.010.
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Manzoor, Muhammad Shahzad. "Shortage of PPEs in Pakistan; A health risk for Doctors and other health care professionals during the COVID-19." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, Supp-1 (July 17, 2020): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24isupp-1.1427.
Full textAbstract:
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease, more commonly known as COVID-19, a pandemic due to the number of individuals and countries affected including their socioeconomic status along with mortality rate. Center for Disease Control and Prevention and other funding agencies working to minimize the spread of COVID-19; as a result, many changes in our daily lives are being suggested.1 They continuously monitored the outbreak of COVID-19 and also issued the guidelines for both health care professionals and consumers. Allowing medical care includes telehealth coverage, nutritious, and wholesome food as per the COVID-19 response during this state of a public health emergency.
During the outbreak of COVID-19, the pharmacies and wholesale market are facing a shortage of personal protective equipments (PPEs) due to besotted usage by doctors, nurses, paramedical staff, and the common public to protect themselves from the contagious and infectious diseases. Regarding the concern of health safety for medical health professionals are very cautious in regard with fighting against the COVID-19 and demanding for PPEs that is much legal, logical and necessary as per the guidelines of WHO.2 Three doctors have died during the treatment of coronavirus affected patients and >75 doctors are affected from the disease.3 After this act doctors protest in the Southwestern Pakistan City of Quetta for demanding of PPEs including protective kits for health care professionals for coronavirus medical gear; among them, 67 doctors were arrested as said by the union representative of Young Doctor Association (YDA).4
As per 13 April, 2020 more than 5374 are Covid-19 patients and 93 deaths are faced due to shortage of PPEs; as Secretary-General Pakistan Medical Association Qaiser Sajjad, explained in a press conference on April 5th that “Doctors are Frontline soldiers in the fight against the Corona and we need more and more doctors are ready to provide their services to reduced the collapse and overburden of the health care worker against for COVID-19’’.5 Health care workers that are fighting ‘’unarmed’’ against COVID-19 should be fully equipped with PPEs including surgical mask, N-95 respirator, gloves, goggles, gowns, face shields, hand sanitizer. For screening of COVID-19; trained frontline health care professionals are appointed with proper triage system to reduce the overburden and transformation of infection to other individuals. 6
N-95, N100 respirator, surgical masks, and suit kits are dire needs of the health care professional. These PPEs are discarded after each visit of doctor/paramedical staff to patients while the crowd of ill patients has been growing with a limited supply of PPEs. Some well-known and literate peoples started to buy these PPEs like masks, gloves, overalls, and other medical equipment items for their families. Officials of public and private hospitals are claiming the unavailability of PPEs, worried about their health including their families. Including PPEs, other medical products used for diagnostic and treatment purposes are also hoarded and steep high in priced by the distributers. Hospitals and other health facilities are naïve of PPEs. 7
Making exporters /distributer millionaire by exporting with higher prices in the supermarket with extremely exorbitant rates, for that federal health and other agencies are claimed that nexus of distributors/importers of medical equipment cause shortage of PPEs.8 The purpose of this note is to outline public health and social measures useful for slowing or stopping the spread of COVID-19 at the national or community level. These measures include detecting, contact tracing, isolating cases, quarantine case, physical and social distancing including mass gathering, international traveling measures. Till that no vaccine and specific medicines are available to reduce the diameter of this pandemic to save the life of individuals.9
During the pandemic situation; the national command and control system is working with good efforts with significantly increasing the health budget for national health issues by increasing the number of beds hospitals, intensive care units, equipment including ventilators, and other PPEs. Training to doctors, nurses, and other paramedical staff is done with higher priority to provide higher quality care to critically ill patients. By use of electronic and social media; community education concerning such issues is going on at best level for the prevention of such outbreaks.10