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Journal articles on the topic 'Respiration'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Ma, Jiang Ming, Meng Wu, Ting Ting Zhan, Feng Tian, and Shi Chu Liang. "Characteristics on Soil Respiration of Eucalyptus Plantation with Four Years Old in Beihai of Guangxi, Southern China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 618 (August 2014): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.618.380.

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This experiment was conducted on the 4 years old Eucalyptus plantation in Beihai of Guangxi, southern China. From January to December 2013, in the spring, summer, autumn and winter, seasonal variation and diurnal variation of the soil respiration and its environmental factors had been observed, respectively. The results showed that: (1) Soil respirations has obvious seasonal characteristics, the soil respiration rate in each seasons showed that: summer> spring > autumn > winter. The heterotrophic respiration rate was higher than the autotrophic respiration rate. The contribution of autotrophic respiration rate in winter was higher than that in other three seasons. (2) Soil respiration has obvious diurnal characteristic, it could be expressed as a single-peak curve. But the maximum value of soil respiration appeared in different times in different seasons. (3) There existed positive correlation index exponential relationships between the soil temperature and the soil respiration rate and its components. Soil temperature changes could explain soil respiration, autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration by 90.2%, 27.5% and 92.8%. Temperature sensitivity showed following order: the heterotrophic respiration rate> the soil respiration rate> the autotrophic respiration rate, in terms of affected by temperature, the heterotrophic respiration was higher than the autotrophic respiration. (4) There were notable positive correlations between soil moisture content and soil respiration rate. Obviously, soil moisture content could promote soil respiration in a certain range.

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2

Galandzovskyi, Stanislav, and Viktoria Onyshchuk. "Improvement of Respiratory System Performance Among the Students of Transport College by Means of Running Exercises and the Method of Endogenous Hypoxic Respiration." Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, no. 2(38) (June 30, 2017): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2220-7481-2017-02-75-79.

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The influence of a 24-week program including running exercises and endogenous hypoxic respiration method on the parameters of external respiration was studied. After 8 and 16 weeks a spectrum of volume and speed parameters of external respiration improved. The changes in the above mentioned parameters are an indication of the better spare capacity of external respiration system and better functional capacity of respirational muscles. Positive changes in speed spirometry parameters characterize improved air passage through different sections of bronchi.

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3

Hasan, Farukh, and Azizur Rahman. "CLASSIFICATION OF TANAFFUS (RESPIRATION) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO UNANI MEDICINE: A REVIEW." Journal of Biological & Scientific Opinion 12, no. 4 (July 3, 2024): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2321-6328.12495.

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Breathing or respiration has been essential in human life since ancient times. Philosophers and physicians of ancient times such as Hippocrates, Galen, and others had already written about breathing in literature. These antiquated viewpoints established the foundation for contemporary respiratory physiology and medicine. The Hippocratic literature established the importance of breath in maintaining the body's humour balance, whereas Galen elaborates on the anatomical and functional elements of respiration. Literature related to respiration is surveyed from various Unani classical books and their translations, commentaries, previous dissertations, journals, proceedings, etc. Hippocrates and Ibne Sina mentioned ten and seventeen types of respiration respectively. Ibne Sina also explained five special types of respirations. This research paper aims to explore and analyse the understanding and significance of respiration in the Unani system of medicine. And also provides a comprehensive overview of how ancient philosophers understood respiration.

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4

Li, Qian, Ben Zhi Zhou, Xiao Ming Wang, Xiao Gai Ge, and Yong Hui Cao. "Effects of Throughfall Exclusion on Soil Respiration in a Moso Bamboo Forest Soil in Southeast China." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3762–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3762.

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Both soil temperature and soil water condition are important factors that influence soil respiration at different forest. In this study, a throughfall exclusion experiment was carried out to explore effects of increased soil temperature and decreased soil water content on soil respirations in the bamboo forest in North Zhejiang of China. The results showed that 1) monthly variation in soil respiration ranges from 2.00 to 0.63μmol·m-2·s-1 and 2.20 to 0.66μmolm-2s-1in throughfall exclusion and control plots respectively. The soil respiration monthly variation following the monthly variation of soil temperature and in contrast to the monthly soil water content. 2) Soil temperature can explain 65.5%and 73.9% of the variance of soil respiration in throughfall exclusion and control plots respectively. Multivariate linear model based on temperature and soil water content explained 66.9% and 73.4% of the variance of soil respiration in throughfall exclusion and control plots respectively. Soil water content had no significant relationship with soil respiration. Q10 values of throughfall exclusion and control plots were 5.99 and 4.44.

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5

Pavel, Formánek, and Vranová Lukáš Kisza and Valerie. "Soil Heterotrophic Respiration Potential and Maximum Respiration Rate of Differently Managed Meadows." Soil and Water Research 1, No. 4 (January 7, 2013): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6516-swr.

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In this study were compared heterotrophic respiratory potential (VDS/VMAX) expressing an increase in C mineralisation rate after drying and re-wetting the soil to 60% soil water content (v/w)(VDS) in relation to maximum respiration rate (VMAX) after glucose addition, and VMAX in organomineral soil (Ah horizon) of moderately mown and for 11 years abandoned mountain meadows in Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts. VDS/VMAX and VMAX were assessed in soil samples taken in 30-day intervals throughout the period of May–September 2004. The results obtained showed higher VDS/VMAX on the abandoned meadow throughout the whole experiment except the last sampling occasion, and higher VMAX throughout the whole experiment. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher VDS/VMAX on the abandoned meadow was found in May and July, VMAX was significantly higher on the same meadow (P < 0.05) only in September. From the parameters studied, the time of sampling had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on VMAX when the data from the moderately mown meadow were evaluated. On the abandoned meadow, VMAX found was significantly (P < 0.05) different when the samples from May and September or July and September were compared. A significant (P < 0.05) effect of the sampling time on VDS/VMAX on the moderately mown meadow was presented by differences between May and other sampling times, on the abandoned meadow differences between September and other times of sampling except May were significant (P < 0.05).

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6

Li, An, Yuan Yao, Shu Qing Sun, Li Ya Jiang, Xian Liu, and Zeng Gui Gao. "Impact of Herbicide Atrazine and Nicosulfuron on the Soil Respiration and Enzyme Activities." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.484.

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The effects of two herbicides on soil respiration, the activity of catalase and the activity of urease were studied in laboratory. The results showed that effects of atrazine and nicosulfuron on soil respiration were different. The soil respirations were in inhibition when soils were treated with atrazine, while soil respirations were in promotion-inhibition-recover when soils were treated with nicosulfuron. The soil respirations were different at different herbicide concentrations. According to coefficient of injury, herbicides atrazine and nicosulfuron both belong to low toxicity herbicides or no toxic herbicides. The effects of herbicides on the activities of catalase and urease were same, which were inhibition-recovery. The activity of unease was inhibited by atrazine and nicosulfuron before 21d. Half dosage of nicosulfuron has a significant inhibitory effect. The different concentrations of atrazine and nicosulfuron had no obvious effect on the catalase activity.

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7

Raboteau, Emily. "Respiration." Callaloo 26, no. 1 (2003): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2003.0027.

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8

King, Helen. "Respiration." Classical Review 49, no. 1 (April 1999): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/49.1.239.

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9

&NA;. "Respiration." Journal of Clinical Engineering 17, no. 4 (July 1992): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-199207000-00019.

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10

Massabuau, J. C. "REVIEWING RESPIRATION: Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems." Journal of Experimental Biology 208, no. 19 (October 1, 2005): 3625–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01847.

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11

Babych, Yu V. "ВПЛИВ Zn2+ ВОДНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА НА ДОБОВУ ЦИКЛІЧНІСТЬ ДИХАННЯ АЛОВИДІВ PLANORBARIUS CORNEUS S. L. (MOLLUSCA, GASTROPODA, PLANORBIDAE)." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 82, no. 3 (November 23, 2022): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.3.5.

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We investigated the impact of the different concentrations of Zn2+ in the water (in the 0.5 MPL – 3 MPL range) on the chronological features of lung and direct diffusive respiration in representatives of superspecies complex of ramshorns Planorbarius corneus s. l. (“eastern” and “western” allospecies) from the Ukrainian river network. They have a bimodal respiration. Atmospheric oxygen goes into their true lungs through the breathing pore – pneumostome, – during the periodical rises up to the water surface tension film. And the oxygen soluble in the water is acquired by the osmosis through the epithelial body coverings and the surface of adaptive gill. Both ways are almost equally important for the oxygen supply of mollusks’ organisms. Zn2+ ions are the powerful toxins of local effect for ramshorns. The excess of the MPL may lead to the impairment of stable homeostasis. Both P. corneus allospecies s. l. have clearly expressed diurnal cyclicality of their lung respiration (in the “day-night” rhythm). They perform 1.2–1.3 times more “inhales” during the day with the shorter (1.3–1.4 times) intervals. This apparently is the consequence of physiological activity increasing in the period of their most intensive life-giving metabolic processes occurring. Under the 0.5 MPL of Zn2+ there were no statistically significant changes in lung and direct diffusive respirations indexes (comparing to the control) in both allospecies during the latent phase of their intoxication process. “Inhales” during the day were 1.1 time longer than during the night in experimental animals. This let mollusks replenish the amount of oxygen they underreceived due to the decreased number of night “inhales”. Under MPL Zn2+ level the respirational indexes of ramshorns (number, length and volume of “inhales” and intervals between them) increased in average 1.1 times. Their feeding and moving behaviors visibly activated, which promoted the increasing of the daily frequency of their respiration rhythm. Under the 2 MPL concentration of Zn2+ there was further significant increasing (p

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12

Hao, Q., and C. Jiang. "Contribution of root respiration to soil respiration in a rape (Brassica campestris L.) field in Southwest China." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 1 (January 22, 2014): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/425/2013-pse.

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This study aimed to separate the respective contributions of root and microbial respiration to soil respiration in a rape field in Southwest China. The soil respiration was measured with a closed chamber technique and a regression method was used to apportion root and microbial respiration. Microbial and root respiration ranged from 70.67 to 183.77 mg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>/h and 21.99 to 193.09 mg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>/h, averaged 127.16 and 116.66 mg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>/h during the rape growing season, respectively. Root respiration coefficient ranged from 0.41 to 5.39 mg C-CO<sub>2</sub>/g C/h and was negatively correlated with root/shoot ratio, aboveground and belowground biomass, but positively correlated with root N content. The contribution of root respiration to soil respiration averaged 44.2%, ranging from 14.5% to 62.62%.

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13

Gilgoff, Irene S., Donna M. Barras, Michelle Sellers Jones, and Hazel V. Adkins. "Neck Breathing: A Form of Voluntary Respiration for the Spine-Injured Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Child." Pediatrics 82, no. 5 (November 1, 1988): 741–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.82.5.741.

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Children with respirator-dependent quadriplegia because of C-2 spinal cord injuries are now surviving the acute stages of their injury. The major cause of mortality and morbidity in the chronic stage is due to respiratory complications. Surveillance, 24 h/d, is the best way to prevent accidental disconnection of respirator equipment from the patient and its inherent catastrophic consequences. The constant risk of disconnection adds tension to the home environment and takes away from the patient any degree of independence or privacy. Because of this, an alternative method of respiration using neck accessory muscles was developed to restore a patient-controlled, voluntary system of respiration. This method, neck breathing, is described in detail in seven children varying in age from 3 years to 16 years 3 months. All seven patients had complete paralysis of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm. An eighth patient who was unable to learn the technique is also described. Neck breathing is also compared to glossopharyngeal breathing, an alternative method of respiration developed during the polio era.

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14

Gonyea, Edward F. "The abnormal pupil in Cheyne-Stokes respiration." Journal of Neurosurgery 72, no. 5 (May 1990): 810–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.5.0810.

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✓ Cheyne-Stokes respiration commonly induces a rhythmic pupillary dilatation during hyperpnea and constriction during apnea. Failure of a pupil to dilate during hyperventilation indicates underlying sympathetic nerve paralysis. This report deals with an instance in which one pupil failed to constrict during apnea due to oculomotor nerve compression. The periodic respirations and anisocoria disappeared following surgical evacuation of a large ipsilateral subdural hematoma.

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15

Alfatni, Abrar, Anne-Laure Charles, François Sauer, Marianne Riou, Fabienne Goupilleau, Samy Talha, Alain Meyer, et al. "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Mitochondrial Respiration and Superoxide Anion after Heart Transplantation." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 7247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237247.

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Introduction: The mitochondrial function of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is an interesting new approach to cardiac diseases. Thus, PBMC’s mitochondrial respiration decreases in relation to heart failure severity. However, no data are available on heart-transplanted patients (Htx). Population and Methods: We determined PBMCs mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry (Oroboros Instruments) and superoxide anion production using electron paramagnetic resonance (Bruker-Biospin) in 20 healthy subjects and 20 matched Htx and investigated clinical, biological, echocardiographic, coronarography and biopsy characteristics. Results: PBMCs mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II respiration was decreased in Htx (4.69 ± 0.84 vs. 7.69 ± 1.00 pmol/s/million cell in controls and Htx patients, respectively; p = 0.007) and complex IV respiration was increased (24.58 ± 2.57 vs. 15.68 ± 1.67 pmol/s/million cell; p = 0.0035). Superoxide anion production was also increased in Htx (1.47 ± 0.10 vs. 1.15 ± 0.10 µmol/min; p = 0.041). The leucocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio was increased in Htx, whom complex II correlated with leucocyte number (r = 0.51, p = 0.02) and with the left ventricular posterior wall peak early diastolic myocardial velocity (r = −0.62, p = 0.005). Complex IV was increased in the two patients with acute rejection and correlated negatively with Htx’s isovolumetric relation time (r = −0.45, p = 0.045). Discussion: Although presenting with normal systolic function, Htx demonstrated abnormal PBMC’s mitochondrial respiration. Unlike immunosuppressive therapies, subclinical diastolic dysfunction might be involved in these changes. Additionally, lymphopenia might reduce complex II, and acute rejection enhances complex IV respirations. Conclusion: PBMC’s mitochondrial respiration appears modified in Htx, potentially linked to cellular shift, mild diastolic dysfunction and/or acute rejection.

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16

McRae, Tess M., Beth L. Volpov, Evan Sidrow, Sarah M. E. Fortune, Marie Auger-Méthé, Nancy Heckman, and Andrew W. Trites. "Killer whale respiration rates." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (May 15, 2024): e0302758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302758.

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Measuring breathing rates is a means by which oxygen intake and metabolic rates can be estimated to determine food requirements and energy expenditure of killer whales (Orcinus orca) and other cetaceans. This relatively simple measure also allows the energetic consequences of environmental stressors to cetaceans to be understood but requires knowing respiration rates while they are engaged in different behaviours such as resting, travelling and foraging. We calculated respiration rates for different behavioural states of southern and northern resident killer whales using video from UAV drones and concurrent biologging data from animal-borne tags. Behavioural states of dive tracks were predicted using hierarchical hidden Markov models (HHMM) parameterized with time-depth data and with labeled tracks of drone-identified behavioural states (from drone footage that overlapped with the time-depth data). Dive tracks were sequences of dives and surface intervals lasting ≥ 10 minutes cumulative duration. We calculated respiration rates and estimated oxygen consumption rates for the predicted behavioural states of the tracks. We found that juvenile killer whales breathed at a higher rate when travelling (1.6 breaths min-1) compared to resting (1.2) and foraging (1.5)—and that adult males breathed at a higher rate when travelling (1.8) compared to both foraging (1.7) and resting (1.3). The juveniles in our study were estimated to consume 2.5–18.3 L O2 min-1 compared with 14.3–59.8 L O2 min-1 for adult males across all behaviours based on estimates of mass-specific tidal volume and oxygen extraction. Our findings confirm that killer whales take single breaths between dives and indicate that energy expenditure derived from respirations requires using sex, age, and behavioural-specific respiration rates. These findings can be applied to bioenergetics models on a behavioural-specific basis, and contribute towards obtaining better predictions of dive behaviours, energy expenditure and the food requirements of apex predators.

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17

Farrell, Sinéad, and Gerard F. Curley. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 22, no. 3 (March 2021): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2021.01.008.

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18

Nakayama, Francis S. "Soil respiration." Remote Sensing Reviews 5, no. 1 (January 1990): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757259009532138.

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19

Rey, G., and A. B. Reddy. "Rhythmic Respiration." Science 342, no. 6158 (October 31, 2013): 570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1246658.

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20

Gralnick, Jeffrey A., and Dianne K. Newman. "Extracellular respiration." Molecular Microbiology 65, no. 1 (July 2007): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05778.x.

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21

Seidman, Joel C. "HUMAN RESPIRATION." Shock 26, no. 6 (December 2006): 637–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.shk.0000248598.01883.bf.

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22

Alegre, Maria‐Luisa. "Treg Respiration." American Journal of Transplantation 19, no. 4 (March 25, 2019): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15334.

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23

Kholmukhamedov, Andaleb, and Shawn Jobe. "Platelet respiration." Blood Advances 3, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018025155.

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24

WHITELEY, N. "Respiration matters." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21, no. 4 (April 2006): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.11.003.

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25

Holliday, Mark, and Upma Misra. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 10, no. 3 (March 2009): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2008.12.010.

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26

Davies, Siân, and Upma Misra. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 12, no. 10 (October 2011): 450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2011.07.006.

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27

Davies, Siân, and Upma Misra. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 15, no. 11 (November 2014): 544–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2014.08.013.

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28

Cameron, James, and Upma Misra. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 18, no. 12 (December 2017): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2017.09.012.

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29

Waterhouse, James, and Iain Campbell. "Respiration: ventilation." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 6, no. 10 (October 2005): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/anes.2005.6.10.349.

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30

Liu, Chen, Jie Xiong, Lin Cai, Lin Feng, Xiaojiang Chen, and Dingyi Fang. "Beyond Respiration." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 3, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3351254.

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31

Komiyama, Sotaro. "Coordination of the deglutition and respiration. Swallowing respiration." Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho 40, no. 2 (1989): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2468/jbes.40.88.

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32

Oláh, J., V. R. P. Sinha, S. Ayyappan, C. S. Purushothaman, and Radheyshyam S. "Detritus associated respiration during macrophyte decomposition." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 111, no. 2 (December 17, 1987): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/111/1987/309.

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33

Govindjee. "Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration: Focus on Plant Respiration." Photosynthesis Research 85, no. 2 (August 2005): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11120-005-4919-0.

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34

MacDonald, J. R., M. Oellermann, S. Rynbeck, G. Chang, K. Ruggiero, G. J. S. Cooper, and A. J. R. Hickey. "Transmural differences in respiratory capacity across the rat left ventricle in health, aging, and streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus: evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction begins in the subepicardium." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 300, no. 2 (February 2011): C246—C255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00294.2010.

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In diabetic cardiomyopathy, ventricular dysfunction occurs in the absence of hypertension or atherosclerosis and is accompanied by altered myocardial substrate utilization and depressed mitochondrial respiration. It is not known if mitochondrial function differs across the left ventricular (LV) wall in diabetes. In the healthy heart, the inner subendocardial region demonstrates higher rates of blood flow, oxygen consumption, and ATP turnover compared with the outer subepicardial region, but published transmural respirometric measurements have not demonstrated differences. We aim to measure mitochondrial function in Wistar rat LV to determine the effects of age, streptozotocin-diabetes, and LV layer. High-resolution respirometry measured indexes of respiration in saponin-skinned fibers dissected from the LV subendocardium and subepicardium of 3-mo-old rats after 1 mo of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and 4-mo-old rats following 2 mo of diabetes. Heart rate and heartbeat duration were measured under isoflurane-anesthesia using a fetal-Doppler, and transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe ultrastructural differences. Heart rate decreased with age and diabetes, whereas heartbeat duration increased with diabetes. While there were no transmural respirational differences in young healthy rat hearts, both myocardial layers showed a respiratory depression with age (30–40%). In 1-mo diabetic rat hearts only subepicardial respiration was depressed, whereas after 2 mo diabetes, respiration in subendocardial and subepicardial layers was depressed and showed elevated leak (state 2) respiration. These data provide evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is first detectable in the subepicardium of diabetic rat LV, whereas there are measureable changes in LV mitochondria after only 4 mo of aging.

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35

Kelting, Daniel L., James A. Burger, and Gerry S. Edwards. "Estimating root respiration, microbial respiration in the rhizosphere, and root-free soil respiration in forest soils." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 30, no. 7 (July 1998): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(97)00186-7.

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36

Jolanta, Bojarszczuk, KSIĘŻAK Jerzy, and GAŁĄZKA Anna. "Soil respiration depending on different agricultural practices before maize sowing." Plant, Soil and Environment 63, No. 10 (November 2, 2017): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/597/2017-pse.

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The aim of the study was to compare soil respiration depending on different agricultural practices before sowing of maize (Zea mays L.). Results of the study were derived from the field experiment that was carried out in 2013–2015; the research indicates that soil respiration depends on cultivation method. The highest soil respiration was recorded in maize cultivation in monoculture using full tillage. The simplifications in maize cultivation caused a decrease of soil respiration, especially in direct sowing. The lowest level of this parameter was recorded in monoculture in direct sowing. Compared with other treatments, such as direct sowing, reduced tillage and crop rotation, soil respiration was higher by 65, 55 and 12%, respectively. The statistically significant differences in soil respiration in the tested agricultural practices were observed in the first date of measurement in all years of the study. The higher soil respiration values were noted in autumn. The yield of maize correlated with soil respiration, but stronger relationship was noted between soil respiration and grain yield of maize than straw yield. The simple regression analysis showed no linear relationship between soil respiration and evaporation, changes in soil moisture and biochemical parameters such as soil dehydrogenase activity, acid and alkaline phosphatase.

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37

Shaik, Zabeena P., E. Kim Fifer, and Grażyna Nowak. "Akt activation improves oxidative phosphorylation in renal proximal tubular cells following nephrotoxicant injury." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 294, no. 2 (February 2008): F423—F432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00463.2007.

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Previously, we showed that protein kinase B (Akt) activation increases intracellular ATP levels and decreases necrosis in renal proximal tubular cells (RPTC) injured by the nephrotoxicant S-(1, 2-dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine (DCVC) (Shaik ZP, Fifer EK, Nowak G. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292: F292–F303, 2007). This study examined the role of Akt in improving mitochondrial function in DCVC-injured RPTC. Our data show a novel observation that phosphorylated (active) Akt is localized in mitochondria of noninjured RPTC, both in mitoplasts and the mitochondrial outer membrane. Mitochondrial levels of active Akt decreased in nephrotoxicant-injured RPTC, and this decrease was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. DCVC decreased basal, uncoupled, and state 3 respirations; ATP production; activities of complexes I, II, and III; the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm); and F0F1-ATPase activity. Expressing constitutively active Akt in DCVC-injured RPTC increased the levels of phosphorylated Akt in mitochondria, reduced the decreases in basal and uncoupled respirations, increased complex I-coupled state 3 respiration and ATP production, enhanced activities of complex I, complex III, and F0F1-ATPase, and improved ΔΨm. In contrast, inhibiting Akt activation by expressing dominant negative (inactive) Akt or using 20 μM LY294002 exacerbated decreases in electron transport rate, state 3 respiration, ATP production, ΔΨm, and activities of complex I, complex III, and F0F1-ATPase. In conclusion, our data show that Akt activation promotes mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in toxicant-injured RPTC by 1) improving integrity of the respiratory chain and maintaining activities of complex I and complex III, 2) reducing decreases in ΔΨm, and 3) restoring F0F1-ATPase activity.

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type, contrib, and contrib type. "Respiratory Inhibition of Sphaerotilus by Iron Compounds and the Distribution of the Sorbed Iron." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 4-6 (February 1, 1991): 947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0546.

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Respiratory inhibition of Sphaerotilus by various iron compounds was investigated in association with the distributional pattern of iron sorbed by the bacterium. The inhibitory effects of the iron compounds were examined respectively in the exogenous and endogenous respirations. Any sorption of iron by the microbe was not observed in the dosage of the non-inhibitory compounds such as K4 [Fe(CN)6], K3[Fe(CN)6] and Fe-citrate. Also, the respiration was scarcely inhibited by FeCl3 in spite of dense deposits of iron observed covering the sheath surface. On addition of Fe-cysteine or Potassium ferrate (K2FeO4), a remarkable effect of respiratory inhibition was observed respectively. But, their inhibitory behaviors were not necessarily similar. While the inhibitory effect by Fe-cysteine was principally marked of the exogenous respiration, K2FeO4 inhibited strongly both the exogenous and endogenous respiration. For examining definite locations of the bacterium in which iron sorption actually occurred, an improved procedure on the method by Romano and Peloquin (1963) was applied in the present study. Iron of Fe -cysteine was hardly detected inside the cells, nevertheless the existence of iron penetrated through the sheaths was observed certainly even in the cells in the case of K2FeO4.

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Aubé, Sophie, Catherine Bégin, Valérie Leblanc, and Sonia Goulet. "Compassion ou respiration ?" Psycause : revue scientifique étudiante de l'École de psychologie de l'Université Laval 8, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51656/psycause.v8i2.20123.

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La méditation pour promouvoir la santé psychologique suscite de l’intérêt et il y a lieu d’examiner si l’impact varie selon l’objet de l’attention. Cette étude compare les effets des méditations sur le souffle (MS) et de compassion (MC) sur la compassion, le stress, les affects et la pleine conscience, chez une population non clinique, féminine et universitaire. Seize volontaires assignées aléatoirement entre deux groupes reçoivent comme consignes de pratiquer la MS ou la MC individuellement 20 minutes, six jours par semaine, pendant trois semaines consécutives, au moyen d’instructions écrites. Les mesures pré-test et post-test comprennent un journal de bord et des questionnaires auto-rapportés. Comparativement au Groupe MS, le Groupe MC montre une plus grande augmentation de la compassion et des affects positifs, une diminution plus élevée du stress perçu et des affects négatifs, mais une augmentation moindre de la pleine conscience. Tous ces résultats s’avèrent non significatifs, bien qu’une augmentation significative du niveau de pleine conscience ressorte au deuxième temps de mesure par rapport au niveau de base pour les deux groupes combinés. Ce rapport aborde les limites et contributions de l’étude en regard de la promotion du mieux-être psychologique chez la population d’intérêt au moyen des pratiques méditatives ciblées.

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HISHIKAWA, Yasuo. "Sleep and respiration." Annals of physiological anthropology 4, no. 4 (1985): 334–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.4.334.

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Richir, Dominique. "Vers une respiration..." La revue lacanienne 14, no. 1 (2013): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lrl.131.0193.

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Baksh, Sanjeethan C., and Lydia W. S. Finley. "Short-circuiting respiration." Science 374, no. 6572 (December 3, 2021): 1196–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm8098.

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Saavedra-Delgado, Ana Maria P. "Galen on Respiration." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 12, no. 3 (May 1, 1991): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/108854191778879502.

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Cypionka, Heribert. "Oxygen Respiration byDesulfovibrioSpecies." Annual Review of Microbiology 54, no. 1 (October 2000): 827–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.54.1.827.

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Lee-Chiong, Teofilo L., and Nancy A. Collop. "Sleep and Respiration." Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 26, no. 01 (February 2005): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-864196.

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Dunn, Peter M. "POSTNATAL PLACENTAL RESPIRATION." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 8, no. 5 (November 12, 2008): 607–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1966.tb01809.x.

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Severinghaus, J. W. "RESPIRATION AND HYPOTHERMIA." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 80, no. 2 (December 15, 2006): 384–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49218.x.

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BOWLT, JOHN E. "RESPIRATION, INSPIRATION, INITIATION." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 41, no. 2 (2007): 217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221023907x00842.

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Thomas, Malcolm, and Margaret Howells. "Internal respiration simulator." Journal of Biological Education 26, no. 2 (June 1992): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1992.9655251.

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Remmers, J. E., F. G. Issa, and P. M. Suratt. "Sleep and respiration." Journal of Applied Physiology 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 1286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.3.1286.

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