Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Respectful'

Ethical decision-making is an integral aspect of gerontic nurses' experiences of caring for nursing home residents and their families. This thesis examines the author's journey into the life-worlds of nine registered nurses working in an Australian nursing home to explore how they manage the ethical problems they encounter in their everyday experience of nursing home life. As a result of interviews, the study revealed that nurses utilized an approach to ethical decision-making not previously described.This approach was identified as being professional, familial, collegial and reciprocal in nature. As an approach to ethical decision-making, respectful relationships is a potential tool for nurses coping with the ethical problems that are an every-day aspect of their professional lives in a nursing home. Respectful relationships can guide nurses' ethical decision-making as they strive to do the right thing

This research focuses on designing with indigenous communities. The use of design raises concerns in this context. Because of the aim to ‘improve’ lives and the emphasis on innovation, design approaches have the probability to colonise. As designers, we have to find ways to deal with such concerns. Approaches that do this within the context of indigenous communities are Sheehan’s respectful design and Tunstall’s culture-based innovation. Both approaches acknowledge that the community should benefit from projects. In this, the role of the designer becomes to spark the resourcefulness of the community members to find such benefit. However, neither approach states in pragmatic terms how such a space can be reached. Therefore, this research aims to: explore the dynamics of a respectful design space in co-creative and co-reflective encounters with indigenous communities; and to provide recommendations to reach such a space. The explorations were performed by introducing co-creative design methods during a case study with three indigenous communities. Some co-creative processes led to respectful design spaces, others did not. All processes were analytically studied by combining annotated portfolios and content analysis in timelines. The aim was to find patterns of dynamics essential for respectful design. The dynamics that arose were: 1) ownership through the type of design participation, 2) indicators of ownership, 3) the type of novel expressions made and 4) the type of material culture introduced. This led to contributions of this research being, firstly, a framework of a respectful design space and recommendations of how to reach such a space. Secondly, the concept of constellations of design initiatives, to understand respectful design in situ. Thirdly, the importance of inclusion of the community’s own material culture to facilitate dialogical spaces, and, finally, the analytical approach used to find the dynamics.

Background Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a fundamental human right and has been shown to increase utilisation of maternity services and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. The original intent of this doctoral program of research was to investigate midwives’ understanding of RMC and women’s experiences of respectful care. Due to sudden global COVID-19 restrictions on travel and the health care system, the program of work changed to focus on students’ understanding and practice of RMC. Obstetric nurses are the main maternity care providers in Nepal. Aim This program of research aimed to assess undergraduate nursing students’ perceptions of RMC and measure any potential change in their perceptions after an education intervention. Methods A multi-method design was used. A series of five studies was conducted and included two systematic reviews of the literature; tool development and testing using cross-sectional surveys; and a quasi-experimental pre-post-test educational intervention study with a qualitative evaluation. Findings A systematic review (Study 1) was commenced pre-COVID-19 to critique the quality of tools that measure women’s experiences of respectful or disrespectful maternity care during labour and birth. Methodological quality was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. This published review identified six tools without ‘sufficient’ high quality evidence to adequately measure women’s experience of RMC. The search was subsequently updated to identify tools that aim to measure midwifery/nursing students’ perceptions of RMC. The lack of available, reliable tools provided the basis for the next study. Using the approach to scale development by DeVellis (2017), a tool to measure students’ perceptions of RMC was drafted and tested (Study 2). A total of 268 Nepalese nursing students were invited to complete an online survey of the draft tool. The 18-item Student Perceptions of Respectful Maternity Care (SPRMC) scale was developed and published. Survey findings also highlighted the need to improve students’ understanding of RMC. A mixed-methods systematic review to assess RMC educational interventions targeting midwives, nurses, or students was conducted (Study 3). There was relatively little research in this field. Of the nine included studies, most had been conducted in low-income African countries. Variation in content, delivery method, duration, timing of pre-post-test evaluation methods, and findings from multiprong interventions hindered robust conclusions. This review was published. In order to use the SPRMC scale as an outcome measure of the educational intervention, the validity of the scale was determined by comparing perceptions of RMC between Nepalese and Jordanian midwifery and nursing students (Study 4). This published paper reported on survey findings with 276 Bachelor’s degree or diploma level students. Perceptions of RMC were more positive among Jordanian students (t (199.97) = 6.68, p < 0.001). However, most students in both countries reported witnessing disrespect and abuse towards childbearing women. Nepalese students were more likely to observe poor adherence to women’s privacy and confidentiality. Subsequently, an online education intervention was developed, implemented, and evaluated in Nepal (Study 5). This published paper reported on a non-randomised quasi-experimental pre-post study with 89 undergraduate nursing students from three medical colleges. Students from site A (n = 40) were recruited to the intervention group and site B and C (n = 49) to the control group. The intervention group completed six hours of online (synchronous) education (2 hours x 3 weeks) in addition to their regular classes, whereas the control group attended their usual classroom studies. Both groups completed an online survey consisting of the SPRMC scale before and two weeks post-intervention. The intervention group also completed a survey on quality and relevance of the intervention. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA were used to analyse the quantitative data, and inductive thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. Students in the intervention group reported a significant increase in perceptions towards RMC (F(1,86) = 28.1, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.25). Thematic analysis identified three themes: empowerment through RMC, motivation to initiate change, and becoming a respectful clinician (second revision submitted). Conclusions This program of work is novel in developing the SPRMC scale, providing evidence about students’ perceptions of RMC and witnessing of disrespect and abuse from two countries, and developing and evaluating a RMC education intervention. Attention now needs to be directed towards improving the practice of RMC among midwives/nurses to enhance women’s experience of care. Several avenues for further research include: further testing of the SPRMC tool with a large diverse sample of maternity professionals in different contexts, incorporation of RMC components into midwifery/nursing curricula, assessment of changes in students’ practice, and longer follow-up. This thesis consists of nine chapters. Notably, Chapter 2, the literature review, presents one published systematic review, and Chapters 4 – 8 present five published/submitted research articles reporting on other studies to promote RMC. The final chapter discusses the main findings, strengths, and limitations, as well as implications for future practice, education, and research.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Griffith Health
Full Text

In low-income countries, lack of respectful maternity care (RMC) is a key deterrent in women’s access to, and satisfaction with, facility-based birth, undermining global efforts to tackle maternal mortality. Much of what we know about RMC and disrespect in the labour ward has been informed by women’s perspectives. Midwives’ voices are largely missing from the discourse. This thesis poses two overarching questions: How do Malawian midwives conceptualise, practice and value RMC? What constraints and enablers do they face in providing RMC? I used a qualitative, critical realist approach to foreground midwives’ voices. Narrative (n=21) and critical incident technique (n=23) interviews with midwives were supplemented by 26 key informant interviews. The theoretical frame of postcolonialism provided the key anchor point for interpreting the data. Many midwives aspire to RMC but face significant challenges. A clash between traditional values and democracy manifests in poor attitudes to the public sector, inadequate leadership and lack of accountability, while student recruitment processes allow entry of ‘just a job’ midwives - both factors allow poor behaviour and attitudes to become normalised. Midwifery’s low status and professional invisibility under a dual-qualification nurse-midwife model, plus lack of a united vision for the future of midwifery, leave midwives feeling unvalued and demotivated. Unconducive work environments, low staff numbers, lack of support and horizontal violence block professionalism and good practice at facility level. Policies to strengthen health systems and strategic consideration of the midwifery profession’s future are needed, as well as explicit attention to fostering teamwork and positive organisational cultures. Malawi’s labour ward dynamics are contingent upon the historical, cultural and health systems factors prevailing in this postcolonial context. An inter-disciplinary perspective to research in this area has been lacking but is crucial to frame and devise more appropriate interventions to improve the intrapartum experience for both women and midwives.

Maternity providers in North America are in conflict about birth place, debating issues related to safety, autonomy, and quality of care. Very little is known about how birth place interacts with experience and outcomes of maternity care, or about how to resolve these differences among provider disciplines within established health care systems. A multi-stakeholder group of leaders convened at a series of Home Birth Summits in the United States to delineate a Common Ground Agenda, including nine priority areas for action and research. The aim of this doctoral study was to examine how and why this transdisciplinary process generated new evidence and tools that can improve maternity services. Methods I synthesized the results of four original research studies using a range of methodologies as appropriate to the study topic. In the Canadian Birth Place Study, I examine mixed methods data on provider attitudes to place of birth. In the Changing Childbirth in British Colombia (BC) and Giving Voice to Mothers studies, psychometric analysis cross-sectional survey data led to development of four new person-centered measures of experience of maternity care. In the Access and Integration Maternity Care Mapping Study, a Delphi study created a scoring system (MISS) to assess midwifery integration. Correlation and regression analyses elicit linkages between integration and key maternal-newborn outcomes. Finally, I triangulated results of these studies within the Taming Wicked Problems Framework, to elicit an underlying and contributory factor for effective transdisciplinary action. Results Among maternity care providers (n=825), 84% of variance in attitudes to home birth was attributable to provider type alone. Women from diverse backgrounds (n=2051, 3586 pregnancies) reported reduced autonomy and respect when cared for by physicians and when 9 giving birth in institutional settings. Among women in the United States (US) (n=2700), disparities in experiences of care, including mistreatment, links to race, socioeconomic status, place of birth and type of provider. U.S. states with higher midwifery integration and greater access to home birth reported significantly fewer adverse maternal-newborn outcomes and significantly higher rates of physiologic birth. Discussion The participatory approach and synthesis of outcomes of these studies was essential to understand and address inequities in experience and access to quality maternity health services in the US. Person-centered care emerged as a hidden common value that informed a transdisciplinary research process, and community-responsive knowledge translation outputs. Conclusion Increasing knowledge among all types of providers about quality and safety of birth place, and person-centered care, could improve outcomes across birth settings. The Summit process of transdisciplinary engagement reduced interprofessional conflict and facilitated cocreation of evidence and tools that improve quality, safety, and accountability in North American maternity care.

Bemötandet inom missbruks- och beroendevården är oerhört viktigt för att klienter ska vilja motta stöd från de som utför vården, och mötet mellan behandlare och klient kan vara ett första steg i rätt riktning för klienten. Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka hur personalen bemöter vuxna klienter med missbruks eller beroendeproblematik. För att besvara studiens syfte och frågeställningar genomfördes studien med en kvalitativ ansats. Materialinsamling har skett genom sju stycken semistrukturerade intervjuer, och analyserades sedan genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Studiens teoretiska tolkningsram utgår från Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv. Resultatet i studien visar att bemötandet inom missbruks och beroendevården bör kännetecknas av ett kunskapsbaserat och respektfullt förhållningssätt och signalera mänsklig värme, samt grundas på ett individanpassat bemötande med tro på individers egna förmågor. Resultatet visade även på försvårande faktorer i bemötandet, nämligen klientens sjukdomsbild, förnekelse, motstånd och den asymmetriska maktrelationen.
The treatment of clients within abuse and addiction care is extremely important for clients to want to receive support from those who perform care, and the meeting between councellor/therapist and client can be a first step in the right direction for the client. The purpose of this study was to examine how the staff treats adult clients with substance abuse or addiction. To answer the study's purpose and issues conducted the study with a qualitative approach. Materials Collection has been done through seven semi-structured interviews, and then analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Theoretical study of interpretation based on Goffman´s dramaturgical perspective. The results of the study show that the hospitality of substance abuse and addiction services should be characterized by knowledge-based and respectful attitude and signal the human warmth, and it should be based on an individualized treatment with the belief in the individual's own abilities. The result also showed the aggravating factors in the plea, namely the client's illness, denial, resistance, and the asymmetrical power relationship.

Background The emergency department is intended for people with acute illness or injuries. In the acute phase and in urgent situations, the focus of the healthcare staff is not always on attendance and respectful treatment or care. Instead, quick handling and strict schedules are prioritized. As a result, communication and information fail and the patients' basic needs are overlooked. Consequently, the healthcare staff might be perceived as indifferent and rude. This uncaring encounter leaves the patients feeling vulnerable, abandoned and disrespected. The absence of communication and respectful treatment may have adverse effects on the patients' well-being. Aim The aim of this study was to describe patients' experiences of treatment in emergency departments. Method A literary study was made using 9 articles with a qualitative approach. Results Two themes were identified: the patients' experiences of being noticed in emergency departments and the patients' experiences of the meaning of communication in emergency departments. The themes had two subthemes each: not to be seen, to feel confirmed, lack of information and the importance of communication in health care. Conclusion The absence of caring encounters and lack of information contributes to negative experiences in the emergency departments and is the cause of great suffering in patients.
Denna studie hade som syfte att undersöka patienters upplevelser av bemötande när de sökte vård på akutmottagningar. Resultatet visade att patienter hade svårigheter i att tala om varför de sökte vård, då personalen upplevdes som ifrågasättande och nonchalanta. Patienterna kände sig bortglömda i väntrummet då det var långa väntetider samt att de inte informerades tillräckligt. Detta resulterade i att känslor av otrygghet, rädsla och oro belystes. De patienter som däremot informerades, uppmärksammades av personalen samt där personalen bjöd in patienten till delaktighet i sitt vårdbesök, upplevde ett gott bemötande. Denna studie visar att patienter upplevde brister i bemötandet på akutmottagningar och att personcentrerad vård värderades högt av patienterna för att känna en trygghet till vården. Att inte bli respektfullt bemött resulterar i ett onödigt lidande för patienten. Vården som bedrivs på akutmottagningen är inriktad på allvarliga skador och åkommor, där personalen har som ansvar att bedöma, sortera och prioritera så att de allvarligaste skadorna hanteras först. En del av sjuksköterskan ansvar på akutmottagningen är att uppmärksamma patientens psykosociala behov, likaledes är hennes ansvar att prioritera patienters fysiska behov. Studiens resultat påvisade att patienter upplevde brister kring dessa ansvarsområden. Patienter som sökte vård på akutmottagningen upplevde ångest och oro då de saknade kunskap om sitt förändrade hälsotillstånd och var beroende av kontinuerlig information. För att ge patienten en positiv upplevelse av sitt besök så kan personcentrerad vård vara en ingång. Personcentrerad vård innebär en kärnkompetens för sjuksköterskor och belyser vikten av att tillsammans med patienten bilda en relation och ett partnerskap för att patienten ska kunna uppleva delaktighet i sin egen vård. Genom delaktighet kan patienten på ett bättre sätt hantera och begripa sin situation. Den metod som använts är en litteraturstudie. Kvalitativ forskning har granskats för att skapa en överblick av tidigare forskningsresultat kring detta ämne. Studiens syfte var att undersöka patienters upplevelser och därför valdes kvalitativ forskning, då denna forskningsmetod rekommenderas för granskningar av upplevelser.

As we develop intelligent systems to handle online interactions and digital stories, how do we address those stories that are unwritten and invisible? How do ensure that communities who value oral histories are not left behind, and their voices also inform the design of these systems? How do we determine that the technology we design respect the agency and ownership of the stories, without imposing our own biases? To answer these questions, I rely on accounts from different underrepresented communities, as avenues to examine how digital technology affect their stories, and the agency they have over them. From these stories, I elicit guidelines for the design of equitable and resilient tools and technologies. I sought wisdom from griots who are master storytellers and story-keepers on the craft of handling both written and unwritten stories, which instructed the development of the Respectful Space for technology typology, a framework that informs our understanding and interaction with underrepresented stories. The framework guided the approach to understand technology use by inhabitants of rural spaces in the United States--particularly long-distance hikers who traverse these spaces. I further discuss the framework's extensibility, by considering its use for community self-reflection, and for researchers to query the ethical implications of their research, the technology they develop, and the consideration for the voices that the technology amplifies or suppresses. The intention is to highlight the vast resources that exist in domains we do not consider, and the importance of the underrepresented voices to also inform the future of technology.
Doctor of Philosophy
Advances in technology do not always consider how they affect group interactions, and the resulting tensions for marginal and underrepresented groups and contexts. As more technological advances focus on these contexts and communities, it is important to consider, identify, and examine these tensions and their effect on communities. We use stories from different communities as avenues for understanding technological impact, and as guides for the design of equitable and resilient tools and technologies. Stories are accessible, universal, and powerful. They guide the design of the Respectful Space for technology typology that I describe in this dissertation. Stories also allow for a combination of different areas of research: we can use Human Computer Interaction (HCI) to understand the impact of technology on human behavior, parse human language with Natural Language Processing (NLP), understand patterns in storytelling with machine learning, and leverage theories from social sciences to understand how people think, how they organize themselves, and how this translates to online spaces. I present three studies in this dissertation whose broad aims are to elicit guidelines for designing respectful technologies, and to guide our design approach for underrepresented contexts based on stories from these spaces. Using the respectful approach as a scaffold, I then give context to other research domains: informing the design of tools to amplify other communities to tell their own stories offline and online, and, more broadly, in providing spaces to query how these techniques offer key opportunities to understand other emerging and growing areas in computer science including ethics, and fairness and accountability in algorithm design.

Ce travail de recherche se concentre sur les questions du développement respectueux de la ville de Hué et de ses environs, en accordant une importance spécifique à la conservation et la mise en valeur des qualités faisant la particularité de cette ville et des villages avoisinants. La recherche est construite dans le contexte où le processus d'urbanisation et la prolifération des nouvelles zones urbaines et des nouveaux quartiers résidentiels ont entraîné de nombreuses menaces et dangers pour cette ville et ont engendré la perte des valeurs caractéristiques de ce territoire. Les hypothèses de la recherche abordent les relations entre la conservation, la mise en valeur et la gestion durable du patrimoine, du système de l'eau et des valeurs caractéristiques des villages d'ores et déjà inscrits dans le développement environnemental, économique, socioculturel de ce territoire. Les corpus principaux utilisés dans cette thèse, sont des données de cartographique GIS Hué 2010 et des cartes anciennes traitées par la l'analyse cartographique et l'analyse comparative des documents, des ouvrages historiques concernant la ville de Hué et des villages d'étude, ainsi que des entretiens, des questionnaires d'enquête, des relevés photographiques récoltés lors de nos séjours d'étude de terrain à Hué. Grâce à la méthodologie d'analyse, surtout l'analyse cartographique et la méthodologie d'enquête de terrain, nous pouvons définir des caractères spécifiques de ce territoire et démontrer des menaces et des dangers principaux pour cette ville et ses environs face aux processus d'urbanisation. Dans la recherche, nous avons également l'ambition de proposer ce qu'il faudrait mettre en œuvre pour un développement respectueux de l'environnement écologique, de la qualité de vie et du bien-être des habitants, des potentiels de l'économie locale, et de même que des valeurs caractéristiques de la ville de Hué et des villages avoisinants
This research focuses on the issues of the respectful development of Hue City and its surroundings, with a specific emphasis on the conservation and the regeneration of qualities, which constitute the peculiarity of this city and surrounding villages. The research is built in the context where the urbanization and the proliferation of new urban areas and new residential neighborhoods led to numerous threats and hazards to the city and resulted in the loss of characteristic values of this area. The hypotheses of the research concern the relationship between conservation, regeneration and sustainable management of heritage, water system and characteristics values of the traditional villages with the environmental development, the economic development, the social and cultural development of this territory. The main corpus used in this thesis is the data mapping GIS 2010 Hue and the ancient maps , these documents, historical works for Hue city and study villages, and interviews, survey questionnaires, photographic records collected during our field survey in Hue. Thanks to the analytical methodology, especially the cartographic analysis and the onsite survey methodology, we can define the specific characteristics of this area and demonstrate the main threats and hazards to the city and the surroundings caused by the urbanization. In this research, we also aim at offering what to do in order to reach a friendly development of the ecological environment, the quality of life and the comfort of local citizens, the potential of the local economy as well as the characteristic values of Hue City and surrounding villages

It is, or ought to be, uncontroversial to assert that corporations have an enormous impact upon the lives of employees. Countless incidents over the last decades have demonstrated that some corporations behave in unacceptable ways towards their employees. This thesis analyses the role of transparency may have in ensuring corporations behave better towards their employees. It presents four main arguments: First, it asserts that companies must take the interests of their employees seriously, by treating them with genuine respect. This assertion is theoretically built upon deontological ethics. The thesis claims that employees should be treated as ends in themselves, rather than as a means in others’ ends. Second, in order to ensure that corporations treat employees with respect, the thesis claims that corporations must be, or be made to be, transparent. Two points are developed in favour of this emphasis. The first focuses on the intrinsic value of transparency. Being open and honest is good in and of itself, and this applies forcefully to corporations in their treatment of their employees. The second point focuses on the strategic value of transparency. It is conceded that there is often a choice of means as to how corporations behave better, however, the thesis argues that transparency is often a better choice, or a better strategy, for delivering good corporate behaviour, compare to the alternatives available. The third argument addresses the best avenues for ensuring companies exhibit a sufficient degree of transparency. It is conceded that companies will often have, purely from self-interest, reasons for being transparent. Nevertheless, this prudent incentive is insufficient. As a result, the work argues some degree of compulsion is necessary to ensure that companies act in a transparent manner. Lastly, the thesis claims that although national/regional initiatives can achieve meaningful improvements in compelling the use of transparency, they may fall short of achieving the level of transparency this thesis advocates. Therefore, it is argued a sufficient degree of transparency can only be achieved through regulatory initiatives on an international level.

This dissertation documents an investigation into the management styles of several business organisations in Chiangmai, Thailand. The investigation sought to better understand the nature of Thai business management styles - their assumptions, values and practices, and thereby contribute indirectly to the improvement of working conditions in such organisations. Out of this better understanding, eight key principles have been developed for guiding both external stakeholders (academics, consultants and staff developers) and stakeholders who are internal to such organisations. This is in keeping with the rationale of a professional doctorate, that is, the research conducted within the program should be directed towards the improvement of conditions of practice in a field with which the researcher is familiar and in which the researcher does professional work. In this case, the researcher is a native of the geographical area in which the research was conducted and has been associated with many of the stakeholders through her previous work as a business consultant. The study draws for its rationale on the well-documented fact of Thai business collapse in the economic crisis of July 1997 and afterwards. With on-going problems including increasing unemployment, large numbers of business closures and foreign business take-overs, there is clearly a need to focus more squarely on the capacity that exists within Thai business organisations for self-direction. The term self-direction, as used here, refers to self-directed organisational change by means of developing a workplace learning culture. This is in keeping with the thrust of Thailand's Eighth National Plan (1997). How current stakeholders perceive this capacity in terms of the current strengths and weaknesses of business management styles in one area of northern Thailand is the focus of the study. The investigation proceeded as a qualitative inquiry. This was held to be more suited to the task of increasing understanding, given the importance of cultural sensitivity and cultural nuance in identifying individual perceptions of local priorities for learning in the workplace. With respect to the matter of cross-cultural ethics, the research was informed by the concerns of anthropological writers (see for example Hobart, 1993). This ensured that any attempt to impose generic principles on local stakeholders would be refused in favour of a respectful and culturally sensitive engagement with the ideas expressed by local stakeholders within their local contexts. Nineteen stakeholders agreed to act as subjects of an in-depth interview in relation to their perceptions of the Chiangmai business management styles. Interview participants selected on the basis of their age, background and role either within or outside Chiangmai organisations. The cohort of interviewees represented a spread of people across these categories. The fact that the researcher was able to interview in the local languages (Northern Thai, Central Thai and Chinese) meant that it was possible to mitigate cultural misunderstanding of the sort that can occur when generic processes are used to investigate specific people doing specific tasks, or when language is 'translated' with insufficient sensitivity to cultural differences. Data that were forthcoming from these interviews were analysed in terms of the degree to which they confirmed or refuted the extant literature on Thai management practice. The analysis showed that, while there seem to be some aspects of local management styles that are predictable from the literature, other issues had not received sufficient attention. They include: the importance of nonrational matters in business transactions; the low status of working conditions; the minimal nature of business planning and financial management; and the implications of 'face-saving' for budget and client-driven matters. When the data analysis is cross-referenced to the literature, eight principles are demonstrated to emerge. They are: 1. The owner or employer/manager should understand him/herself to be a learner. 2. Learning opportunities need to be generated within the business, with the full endorsement and support of owners. 3. Learning support should be observable in tangible resources made available in the workplace. 4. The importance of practical links between workplaces and educational institutions should be acknowledged. 5. External stakeholders can only have a limited role in preparing organisations to be changeready, should be recognized. 6. There is a need to recognise that personal, familial relationships are a two-edged sword in Thai workplaces. 7. It should be understood that health and safety need to be seen as productivity and job satisfaction issues. 8. In Thai business workplaces, investment in personal luxury is a face-saving issue, not simply an issue of self-gratification. It is proposed that these eight principles should underpin the strategies developed by Thai businesses to respond more positively to the changing demands of business management in a globalised economy.

Pourquoi un événement en apparence si naturel qu'est l'accueil d'un bébé se révèle t-il si bouleversant et si complexe ? Pourquoi cette présence peut-elle provoquer joie et émerveillement ou angoisse et violence ? N'est-ce pas parce que l'enfant si vulnérable détient aussi une puissance créatrice ? Créateur de relations et d'émotions, il est d'emblée un être d'esprit. Il commence sa vie avec son lot, son daimon singulier. Suivant celui-ci il sera " jeté-dans-le monde " ou accueilli. Trait d'union entre les forces les plus archaïques et la civilisation, le très jeune enfant nous montre à quel point les mouvements de son corps sont le reflet de sa vie psychique. C'est pourquoi une attention aux soins de maternage, au jeu et aux activités d'éveil va être, avec ses parents, au coeur du processus d'intersubjectivité. Cette éducation première prenant sa source dans le soin est déjà de l'ordre du politique et suppose une éthique qui permette à l'enfant de s'épanouir et d'habiter le monde

La tesi determinista, secondo cui tutto accade necessariamente, ha rappresentato un obiettivo polemico tanto per Tommaso d’Aquino quanto per Sigieri di Brabante. Nel presente lavoro concentreremo i nostri sforzi nel mettere in comparazione la strategia antideterministica elaborata da Tommaso d’Aquino con quella proposta da Sigieri di Brabante. Prenderemo in esame, in particolar modo, la reazione dei due maestri a due forme specifiche di determinismo: 1) il cosiddetto “determinismo causale” , che coincide con la posizione sostenuta da Avicenna , secondo cui ogni effetto accade in modo necessario a partire dalla propria causa; 2) il cosiddetto “determinismo teologico” , secondo cui la Causa Prima divina impone la necessità a tutte le cose che accadono. A differenza degli studi dedicati a tale confronto, la nostra analisi mostrerà come la radicale differenza tra le due prospettive sia rinvenibile nell'idea, sottoscritta da Sigieri e rifiutata da Tommaso, per cui la contingenza di un effetto può essere spiegata esclusivamente attraverso la contingenza della causa ad esso prossima.

El cisplatí, PtCl2(NH3)2, ha estat una de les drogues més utilitzades en la quimioteràpia del càncer des del descobriment de la seva activitat. Però degut a la seva alta toxicitat i greus efectes secundaris, s'han sintetitzat nous compostos amb la finalitat de reduir aquests inconvenients.
En aquest sentit, el treball desenvolupat en aquesta tesi doctoral ha estat la síntesi i caracterització de tretze complexos de Pt(II) amb la finalitat d'estudiar llur activitat antitumoral. Aquests complexos presenten unes característiques estructurals comunes: geometria cis, dos lligands làbils de tipus clorur i un lligand diaminoquelatant derivat dels àcids d,l-2,3-diaminopropiònic (Hdap) i d,l-2,4-diaminobutíric (Hdab). S'han dissenyat unes estratègies sintètiques a partir de les quals els lligands han estat funcionalitzats amb diferents grups de tipus éster, aminoàcid i peptídic: Etdap·2HCl, Etdab·2HCl, [(dap-Metala)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-Metala)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-phe)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-phe)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-Mettrp)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-Mettrp)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2)·2CF3COOH], essent Metala= éster metílic de L-alanina, phe= L-fenilalanina, Mettrp= éster metílic del L-triptofà. Aquests lligands diaminoquelatants s'han utilitzat per sintetitzar els corresponents complexos de Pt(II): PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab), PtCl2(Etdap), PtCl2(Etdab), PtCl2(dap-Metala), PtCl2(dab-Metala), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-phe), PtCl2(dab-phe), PtCl2(dap-Mettrp), PtCl2(dab-Mettrp), PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2).
A través de diferents tècniques i assaigs biològics (dicroisme circular, electroforesi en gel d'agarosa, microscopia de forces atòmiques, citometria de flux, assaigs de proliferació cel·lular) s'ha pogut demostrar l'activitat antitumoral d'aquests compostos.
A través de la tècnica de dicroisme circular (DC) s'ha pogut demostrar que els lligands lliures no interaccionen covalentment amb el DNA de Calf Thymus i no modifiquen l'estructura secundària de la doble hèlix. En canvi, els respectius complexos han demostrat tenir capacitat per interaccionar amb el DNA i modificar la seva estructura secundària. Els complexos PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab) i PtCl2(dab-phe) mostren un comportament similar al cisplatí, generant adductes cis-bifuncionals que distorcionen la doble hèlix de forma no desnaturalitzant amb obertura de la doble cadena. Els complexos PtCl2(Etdap), PtCl2(Etdab), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-Metala), PtCl2(dab-Metala), PtCl2(dap-phe), PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2) quan interaccionen amb el DNA generen un canvi en la conformació del DNA de la forma B a la forma C, produint-se un augment de la curvatura de l'hèlix per rotació de les bases nitrogenades. En aquests estudis s'ha comprovat que l'estructura del complex influeix en l'efecte generat sobre l'estructura secundària de l'àcid nucleic. En primer lloc, existeix una diferència en el comportament en funció del tamany del lligand diaminoquelatant, de manera que els complexos amb el lligand (dab) provoquen un efecte més remarcable. També s'observa aquest canvi de comportament al passar dels complexos que tenen el grup funcional esterificat als que el tenen protonat. D'aquesta manera, s'observa un major efecte sobre l'estructura secundària del DNA en aquells complexos que tenen el lligand diaminoquelatant de tres metilens (dab) i amb el grup carboxilat terminal protonat.
Per tal de modelitzar la interacció d'aquests complexos amb el DNA, s'ha estudiat la interacció d'aquests compostos de Pt(II) amb 5'-GMP a través de RMN-1H, observant la variació dels senyals corresponents al H8 de 5'-GMP. Així s'ha pogut demostrar que aquests compostos interaccionen amb la 5'-GMP a través d'un enllaç covalent Pt-N7, de la mateixa manera a com interacciona el cisplatí.
A través d'electroforesi en gel d'agarosa i microscopia de forces atòmiques (AFM) s'ha pogut determinar l'efecte que generen els lligands lliures i els respectius complexos de Pt(II) sobre l'estructura terciària del plasmidi pBR322. Els lligands provoquen un augment de l'agregació de les molècules de DNA i un lleuger augment de la compactació de l'estructura terciària. Aquests resultats s'atribueixen a la capacitat d'aquests compostos a interaccionar per pont d'hidrogen amb el DNA. Els corresponents complexos de Pt(II) provoquen un augment de l'agregació i una important compactació, degut per una banda a la capacitat de l'àtom de Pt a interaccionar covalentment amb el DNA, i per altra banda, a la capacitat del lligand a interaccionar per pont d'hidrogen amb l'àcid nucleic.
Finalment s'ha estudiat l'activitat citotòxica d'aquests complexos de Pt(II) en diferents línies cel·lulars: A431 (línia de carcinoma epidermoide), HeLa (línia de carcinoma de coll d'úter) i HL-60 (línia promielocítica de leucèmia).
Els complexos moderadament solubles en aigua, PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-phe) i PtCl2(dab-phe), han demostrat ser actius. L'activitat depèn de la concentració de complex, del temps d'incubació i de la línia cel·lular. Per temps d'incubació alts i concentracions de complex elevades s'observa la màxima activitat. Els complexos de l'alanina, PtCl2(dap-ala) i PtCl2(dab-ala), són els que mostren més activitat, mentre que els compostos de la fenilalanina són els menys actius, degut probablement a la voluminositat del lligand, la qual pot impedir o dificultar el transport del compost a través de la membrana cel·lular.
L'activitat citotòxica dels complexos insolubles en aigua, PtCl2(Etdap) i PtCl2(Etdab), queda bloquejada per l'elevada concentració de DMSO (12%) necessària per solubilitzar els compostos. Aquests resultats permeten deduir que la presència d'un 12% de DMSO anul·la l'activitat d'aquests complexos, ja que el DMSO pot coordinar-se amb el Pt ocupant les posicions làbils del complex i evitant que es pugui coordinar amb el DNA.
Els assaigs de proliferació cel·lular del complex PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2) i del pèptid lliure ASTTTNYT-NH2 han demostrat que ambdós compostos són actius. Tot i això, l'activitat del complex és superior a la del pèptid lliure, ja que el Pt pot interaccionar covalentment amb el DNA i augmentar l'efecte citotòxic. Per tant, el complex presenta un lligand portador biològicament actiu que pot transportar el metall a través de la membrana cel·lular i facilitar així la seva interacció amb el DNA.
A través de la tècnica de citometria de flux s'ha comprovat que en tots els casos la mort cel·lular produïda pels complexos ha estat per apoptosi.
Per últim, s'ha sintetitzat i caracteritzat un complex trinuclear de Pt(II), {[Pt(Me2Bpy)2][PtCl2(Me2Bpy)]2}, essent Me2Bpy= 4,4'-dimetil-2,2'-dipiridil. La resolució de la seva estructura per difracció de Raig-X ha permès determinar l'existència d'una interacció intramolecular Pt-Pt de 3.474 Å.
Cisplatin, PtCl2(NH3)2, has been one of the most used drugs for the cancer chemotherapy. However, due to its high toxicity and important side effects, new complexes have been synthesized in order to reduce these disadvantages.
In that way, the work presented in this thesis is the synthesis and characterization of 13 Pt(II) complexes in order to study their antitumor activity. These complexes present some common traits: cis geometry, two labile chloride ligands, and one diamine chelating ligand derived from d,l-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (Hdap) and d,l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (Hdab). These ligands have been derived using new synthetic strategies with different functional groups as ester, aminoacid and peptide type: Etdap·2HCl, Etdab·2HCl, [(dap-Metala)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-Metala)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-phe)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-phe)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-Mettrp)·2CF3COOH], [(dab-Mettrp)·2CF3COOH], [(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2)·2CF3COOH], being Metala= methyl ester of L-alanine, phe= L-phenylalanine and Mettrp= methyl ester of L-triptophan. These ligands have been used for preparing the following Pt(II) complexes: PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab), PtCl2(Etdap), PtCl2(Etdab), PtCl2(dap-Metala), PtCl2(dab-Metala), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-phe), PtCl2(dab-phe), PtCl2(dap-Mettrp), PtCl2(dab-Mettrp), PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2).
Using different techniques and biologic assays (circular dichroism, agarose gel electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy, flow cytometry, cell proliferation assays) the antitumor activity of these complexes has been demonstrated.
With circular dichroism it has been demonstrated that free ligands do not covalently bind Calf Thymus-DNA and do not modify its secondary structure. In constrast, the corresponding Pt(II) complexes are able to interact with DNA and modify its secondary structure. Complexes PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab) and PtCl2(dab-phe) behave in the same direction as cisplatin, forming cis-bifunctional intrastrand adducts that probably open the double helix. The other complexes, PtCl2(Etdap), PtCl2(Etdab), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-Metala), PtCl2(dab-Metala), PtCl2(dap-phe), PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2), interact with DNA generating a BC transformation with increasing winding of the double helix by rotation of the bases. The influence of the complex structure in the effect on the secondary structure of DNA has been proved. Firstly, a difference in the behaviour exists depending on the ring size, so complexes with (dab) ligand cause bigger modifications. This kind of behaviour is also seen between complexes with ester groups at the C-terminus and complexes with carboxylic group. Thus, there is a greater effect in the secondary structure of the DNA in those complexes that have the (dab) ligand and a protonated carboxylate group.
The interaction between the platinum complexes and 5'-GMP has been studied by 1H-NMR, following the variation of H8 signals from 5'-GMP. It has been demonstrated that all complexes covalently interact with 5'-GMP through the N7 of the base, as cisplatin do.
The effect generated by free ligands and their Pt(II) complexes in the tertiary structure of pBR322 DNA has been determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Generally, the free ligands studied generate an increase of DNA aggregation and a slight coiling of the double helix, due to their possibility of forming hydrogen bonds with the DNA bases through different functional groups of their structure. The Pt(II) complexes generate an important coiling and aggregation of DNA, probably due to the covalent binding Pt-DNA and hydrogen bond interactions through their ligands.
The cytotoxic activity of the Pt(II) complexes has been evaluated through cell proliferation assays in A431, HeLa and HL-60 cell lines using different incubation times (24h, 48h, 72h). The water-soluble complexes, PtCl2(Hdap), PtCl2(Hdab), PtCl2(dap-ala), PtCl2(dab-ala), PtCl2(dap-phe) i PtCl2(dab-phe), show antitumor activity in a dose- and time- dependent manner, gradually decreasing the cell survival percentage when the complex concentration increase, in the same direction as carboplatin. All these complexes present the highest activity at long incubation times and high complex concentration. The alanine complexes, PtCl2(dap-ala) and PtCl2(dab-ala) are the most active and those of phenylalanine are the less active, probably due to the ligand size, which can make its transport through cell membrane more difficult.
The water-insoluble complexes, PtCl2(Etdap) and PtCl2(Etdab), apparently do not show antitumor activity due to the presence of 12% DMSO necessary por solving these complexes. In these conditions they do not cause a decrease in cell survival. The DMSO could interact with platinum, displacing the labile ligands of the complex and not allowing it to interact with DNA. Complex PtCl2(dap-ASTTTNYT-NH2) is also insoluble in water, but can be dissolved in 2% DMSO solution. Cell proliferation assays show that the free peptide, ASTTTNYT-NH2, and the platinum complex are both active. The activity of the complex is higher than the free peptide, probably because platinum can covalently interact with DNA and increase the cytotoxic effect. This result suggest that the ligand can act as a carrier ligand and make the interaction metal-DNA be easier.
Flow cytometry assays have demonstrated that cell death generated by the complexes synthesized is apoptosis. Agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA show a classical 200-base pair integer oligonucleosome ladder.
A new trinuclear Pt(II) complex, {[Pt(Me2Bpy)2][PtCl2(Me2Bpy)]2} being Me2Bpy= 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-dipyridyl, has been synthesized and characterized. The X-ray diffraction of its structure shows the existence of an intramolecular Pt-Pt interaction of 3.474 Å.

Several ways of understanding aboriginal rights surfaced in the wake of section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, which recognizes and affirms aboriginal and treaty rights. During my Masters’ studies, I journeyed these ways, propelled by a troubling dream that came to me while I was in law school. The dream prompted me to reconsider rights and to choose my words with caution and with care. And yet when I thought of what my dream might be trying to tell me, I was afraid. I was afraid to question rights, especially aboriginal rights. There seemed to be so much of me tied up in the cause and construction of aboriginal rights. All through law school I wanted there to be an answer I could find and defend. I wanted there to be a right way to think about aboriginal rights, something that would guarantee me a protected space to be. I wanted to continue pursuing that protection. And yet, there was my dream. Among the Anishinabe, dreams are considered gifts, for they lead us toward our greatest laws and teachings. Though I was loath to question aboriginal rights, I was not willing to question my dream. So I readied myself, preparing to put aboriginal rights into question. To my thesis, I brought all the learning I had done in and outside of law school. I also brought a question to guide me. To give me courage, I carried my faith in who I am, as Anishinabe. Knowing for all that I am Dawnis Kennedy, I am also Minawaanigogiizhigok, I set out to see what I would see. The question that led me through understandings of section 35 is this: do recent understandings of aboriginal rights within Canadian law enable Canadian courts to transform adverse relations with indigenous legal orders? The answer I found is, not yet. The interpretations of aboriginal rights I encountered have effected considerable change within Canadian law. However, my journey shows more is needed before the aboriginal rights framework can support respectful engagements with indigenous law. Indeed, without fundamental reorientation, I believe aboriginal rights jurisprudence will further entrench, rather than transform, Canadian law’s adverse relations with indigenous peoples. I would ask judges, lawyers, legislators, and all who shape Canadian law, to break away from attempts to reconcile indigenous and Canadian law within Canadian legal orders and reorient themselves towards fostering respect between indigenous and Canadian legal orders. In writing my thesis, I found cause for my concern with rights. And yet, this is not all that I found. Also, I found myself able to engage the world beyond the protective limits aboriginal rights provide. I found the ability to trust in another form of law, Anishinabe inaakonigewin, to understand my relations and actions in the world. This trust helped me to find the will to move beyond critiquing systems, toward engaging people.

abstract: The term “friend zone” has been used in various areas of social media and pop culture to define a situation where one individual covets a relationship with a close friend that never evolves; typically the situation includes a male seeking a potential romantic partner with a female. Although friendship is often viewed in a positive format and sometimes the foundation of a healthy relationship, this term has been stigmatized as an unfortunate situation and counterproductive to obtaining a fulfilling relationship. To approach the multi-faceted concern of friend zone phenomena and the many areas damaging messages that occur, my thesis starts with the history of friend zone phenomena, establishing a definition of friend zone phenomena for future scholars. Next literature on friendship and love, and Galician’s work used for both the methodology and theoretical framework is introduced leading to the analysis. The methodology and theoretical framework for the analysis uses Mary-Lou Galician’s 7-Step-Reality-Check-Up, twelve Myths social media promoted as the preferred reading and the Twelve Prescriptions (Rxs) for Getting Real About Romance. Resources on the discourses of gender performativity, psychology, and sociology are also included in the theoretical framework. I start with an introduction to retrograde misogyny, The Manosphere (including The Red Pill [TRP]), the Elliot Rodger case and rape culture. This initial segment is analyzed differently from the other texts to describe the crux of social justice issues within friend zone phenomena. I then analyze 10 online memes related to friend zone phenomena. Lastly, I analyze Jet and Star’s new book, How to Get out of the Friend Zone –their book is a textual version of the advice they give on their YouTube channel. Throughout all the texts Myths 5 (Physical Attraction), 6 (Man = Stronger), and 13 (No Cross-Sexual Friends) were all proposed as the preferred reading. Myth 14 (Men Want Sex/Women Want Money) was prevalent across the memes and TRP/Rational Male. All four myths are laden with gender performativity with damaging perceptions of healthy and respectful relationships. Additional research on friend zone phenomena in the form of interviews and surveys is recommended as research is still sparse.
Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Social Justice and Human Rights 2015

A 1997 survey of Canadians revealed that bullying occurs once in every seven minutes on the playground and once in every twenty-five minutes in the classroom (Craig and Peplar, 1997). It is my feeling that educators need to be positively proactive and pursue interventions in the classroom, that have the potential to improve relationships, discipline and respect in order to reduce this statistic. This study explored how the adults and students in an individual grade one classroom might build positive relationships in the classroom community. The study was based on the discipline policy of my school division, as stated in the “School Divisions Standard of Behavior” (2006) document and the ideas of Michelle Borba explained in “The Accentuating Respect and Defusing Disrespect Model” (Borba, 2007). Action research data, obtained from the participants, indicated that respect grounded in positive relationships and effective discipline can be introduced to students in an intense one month program, but requires an ongoing relationship between the child and the adult and life-long learning in order to be maintained.
October 2008

碩士
朝陽科技大學
幼兒保育系碩士班
94
The thesis adopts qualitative approach to explore the life history of a founder of a nursing school, lady Yuen-tz. The present study intends to probe the developmental processes of a female founder in the course of establishing a nursing school, and to explore how her educational conviction emerged under the milieu of contemporary social environment in general and the nursing environment in specific. The framework of the present study consists of processes of growth, schooling, career, nursing school establishment and management. The contents to be studied encompass the experiences of personal growth, academic pursuit, working, the establishment of a nursing school, as well as the leadership in running it, hoping to grasp the trace or processes of her life history all the way from birth. Data collection was done through intensive interviews, on-the-scene observation, and documented information procurement. Data analyses were performed through theme construction on the basis of scripts derived from interviews, and were further examined with the relevant literature. The findings of the study include: 一、Family factors are most important in the formation of lady Yun-tz’s personality, and are also influential in the choice of teaching as her career. 二、”Critical persons ” and “critical events” are milestones of Yuen-tz’s entry of nursery education. 三、Her background of growth, schooling, working experiences, as well as the “critical persons” are the foundation of her leadership. 四、Religious belief is the most powerful impetus of her persistence in nursery devotion. 五、Her husband is the mover of Lady Yuen-tz behind the scene. 六、The female mode of leadership of Lady Yuen-tz is: implement interactive leader style, stress on educational growth of staff members, demonstrate empathetic maternal love, apply multiple communication channels as well as the philosophy of playing hard and soft, persist in justified educational convictions. Lastly, Suggestions based on the study were made.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Education.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 475-488). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL:http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss&rft%5Fval%5Ffmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss:MQ99374

Seniors who have a mental illness are a particularly vulnerable population. Not only do they have to cope with the incapacities caused by their mental illness but may also suffer societal discrimination because of their age and being mentally ill. These two forms of discrimination are known as ageism and stigma of mental illness respectively. Both of these two phenomena devalue a person and create feelings of low self-worth. The opposite however, can be attributed to respect, which bestows value on the person. It is therefore, reasonable to speculate that respectful care may counter the negativities of discrimination and thus play an important part in promoting health in mentally ill seniors. This qualitative study explored whether seniors who were admitted to an acute psychiatric unit received respectful care from nurses and what the indicators of respectful care were for these seniors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five seniors who had experienced an admission on an acute psychiatric unit. Interpretative analysis was used to identify common themes in the participants' descriptions of respectful nursing care. The findings suggested that all five participants felt they received respectful nursing care; no incidents of disrespectful nursing care were identified by the participants. Four themes relating to respectful care emerged from the findings. The first three themes related to indicators of respectful care: courteousness, attentiveness to patients' needs and treating patients as people. These three themes appeared to acknowledge and sustain the participants' individuality. Participants felt that nurses displayed genuine interest in them as people while being attentive to their needs. A fourth theme, which appeared to be an antagonist to respect, was conceptualized as "too busy"; participants described how indicators of respect diminished during times when the nurses' workload appeared to increase. Participants did not blame nurses for the reduction of respectful care during these busy periods. Recommendations for nursing practice, education, policy and research are described in the final chapter.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
105
To follow the trend of the time, the importance of positive interpersonal relationship and behavior in the working environment is increasing. Nowadays, teamwork becomes more critical than an individual contributor. As a result, positive interpersonal interaction, such as respecting others and helping others are getting more important. This study focused on the relationship between respectful leadership, gratitude, helping others and helping behavior. Based on the past researchers explored the effect of helping others at the individual level, this study also explored the impact of helping behavior at the group level. In addition, this study further examined gratitude at the group level moderated the relationship between gratitude and helping others at the individual level. A total of 219 participants (73 groups/teams) from Taiwan consisted of our final usable sample. Results showed that: (1) At the individual level, respectful leadership significantly associated with helping others. (2) At the group level, respectful leadership significantly associated with helping behavior. (3) At the individual level, gratitude mediated the relationship between respectful leadership and helping others. (4) At the group level, gratitude did not mediate the relationship between respectful leadership and helping behavior. (5) Group level gratitude moderated the relationship between individual level gratitude and helping others. Finally, study limitations, future research, and managerial implications are also discussed. Keywords: Respectful leadership, gratitude, helping others, helping behavior, Multi-level research.

博士
國立新竹教育大學
教育學系博士班
101
Abstract Principal’s respectful leadership and organizational identity are the important factors of the teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. This study aimed to investigate the current situations and circumstances of elementary school principals’ respectful leadership, organizational identity and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. It further explored the correlation and impact of elementary school principals’ respectful leadership, organizational identity and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. The research methods included literature review and questionnaire survey. The survey objects were elementary school educators across Taiwan area. The study issued a total of 1000 questionnaires, with the return rate of 78.5%, among which there were 665 questionnaires valid. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling. Besides, interviews form six teachers were concerned.The findings based on the results of the research are as follows: 1. Teachers’ perceptions of principals’ respectful leadership in the Elementary Schools reach the high level. 2. Teachers’ perceptions of organizational identity in the Elementary Schools reach the high level. 3. Teachers’ perceptions of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior in the Elementary Schools reach the high level. 4. Teachers who are directors, less than 10 years of service and working in the school less than 6 classes perceived a higher degree of the principal respectful leadership. 5. Teachers who are male and as directors of the school perceived a higher degree of the organizational identity. 6. Teachers who are directors, with a master degree, more than 21 years of service perceived a higher degree of the teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 7. There are positive correlations between principal respectful leadership and organizational identity. 8. There are positive correlations between principal respectful leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 9. There are positive correlations between organizational identity and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 10. " Moral orientation "、"Performance orientation "and "Acceptance inclusion" have a high explanatory power on teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 11. It is mutually influential between the principal respectful leadership and organizational identity to teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational identity has the fully mediating effect between principal respectful leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. According to the research findings, some suggestions are proposed for the reference of education administrative units, elementary school principals and teachers, and research staff engaged in future related researches.

In an effort to make education accessible, to ‘heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values’, the South African Department of Education claims that a series of mathematics reforms that has so far been introduced is underpinned by the principles of ‘social justice, fundamental human rights and inclusivity’. Critics however argue that the system has remained ‘undemocratic’ in that those groups of learners who were supposed to be ‘healed’ continue to underperform and hence be disempowered. In this study, we conceptualised a democratic and mathematically empowering classroom as one that is consistent with the principle of inclusivity and in which a hermeneutic listening orientation towards teaching promotes such a democratic and mathematically empowering learning environment. We then worked with three different orientations teachers might have towards listening in the mathematics classroom: evaluative, interpretive and hermeneutic. We then used these orientations to analyse 20 video-recorded lessons with a specific focus on learners’ unexpected contributions and how teachers listened and responded to such contributions. The results were consistent with the literature, which shows that teachers tend to dismiss learners’ ways of thinking by imposing their own formalised constructions.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
106
This study based on self-determination theory and examined the relationship between respectful leadership, organization-based self-esteem (OBSE), work behaviors (job performance and organization citizenship behavior), and workplace well-being. We also based on social learning theory and examined the relationship between respectful leadership, respect others, work behaviors (job performance and organization citizenship behavior), and workplace well-being. We collected 296 paired usable questionnaires from employees and their supervisors in various industries. The results showed that: (1) OBSE did not mediate the relationship between respectful leadership and job performance. (2) OBSE did not mediate the relationship between respectful leadership and organization citizenship behavior. (3) OBSE did not mediate the relationship between respectful leadership and workplace well-being. (4) Respect others mediated the relationship between respectful leadership and job performance. (5) Respect others mediated the relationship between respectful leadership and organization citizenship behavior. (6) Respect others mediated the relationship between respectful leadership and workplace well-being. Finally, theoretical contributions, limitations, future research, and managerial implications were discussed.

碩士
國立中正大學
教育學碩士在職專班
106
The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the case-based approach on the moral character, character and morality of the 4th grade moral education curriculum. The purpose is to enhance the students' moral character through the implementation of the moral action plan. Based on the results of situational observation and situation analysis, the researchers found that students lacked the concept of moral character and moral character, and hoped that through the implementation of the moral education curriculum, they could understand whether this moral education action program would increase students' moral knowledge and improve their morale and morale. Promote the practice of moral character. 　　This research method adopts the action research method and takes 25 students from the fourth grade level as the research object. The researcher analyzes the effectiveness of the case teaching based on the qualitative data and the quantitative data obtained from the self-tested questionnaire and the questionnaire. 　　The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1.From the situation analysis, we can understand the advantages and limitations of respecting and caring for the development of moral education curriculum programs. 2.Curriculum planning is based on the concrete connotation of the core national literacy of the national basic education for 12 years.Axis, curriculum content is based on the teaching characteristics of case teaching method to design a campus case that is close to students’ life experience.And there are multiple learning activities and the curriculum is feasible. 3.The curriculum implementation shows that the teaching materials are in line with the student's life experience and can be mastered through observation, interviews, and document analysis. Students learn the situation and implement the teaching process continuously "remembering - correcting" to establish a sound teaching program. 4.The course evaluation shows that the moral education course using the case teaching method with respect for caring as the core has a promotion Students' cognitive, affective and behavioral learning outcomes. 　　Finally, based on the findings of this study, the researchers proposed practical teachers and suggestions for future research.

碩士
國立新竹教育大學
教育與學習科技學系教育行政碩士在職專班
103
This research explores the relationship between respectful leadership and innovative culture of schools. We studied the cases from indigenous regions in Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli county, and analyzed the correlation and predictabilty between the factors being studied. We also adopted structural equation modeling to better explain the observations. We first reviewed the literature and then proceeded to questionnaire survey. The subjects are elementary and junior high school faculties in the indigenous regions in Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli county. We sent out 550 questionnaires and obtained 398 valid samples (86% response rate.) With those samples, we looked at their descriptive statistics, correlations, and analyzed the observations with structural equation modeling. Based on the results, we arrived at the following conclusions about the elementary and junior high school faculties in the indigenous regions in Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli county: 1. The analysis indicates that they have developed a high level of awareness regarding the respectful leadership of school principal. 2. It also revealed that they have also developed a high awareness of innovative culture of schools. 3. There is a high correlation between principal's respectful leadership and the innovative culture of the school. 4. It indicates that practicing respectful leadership has the potential to lead to the creation of innovative culture of schools. Based on our conclusions, we also provide some suggestions for future practice in the leadership and administration of schools. We hope this thesis could serve as a preliminary study for future research in this direction.

This thesis examines the role of management with regard to reducing and preventing workplace incivility through a care-focused and conflict transformation theory lens. The discussion on workplace incivility is expanded through an exploration of two theories: care-focused theory and conflict transformation theory. These theories are integrated into one theoretical framework, The Care-Centered Moral Imagination Framework (CMIF), which is applied to current literature recommendations on reduction and prevention of workplace incivility. The current literature recommendations were summarized through an ethnographic content analysis on existing academic studies conducted on workplace incivility. The result is a précis of current themes in the literature with regard to managing workplace incivility followed by a discussion of missing elements of management as determined through the application of the CMIF. These elements were rolled into ten valuable actions: care ethic, humility, pragmatism, treasure relations, embracing change and diversity, relationship building, dialogue, engagement, understanding and reflect and critique, that were recommended for managers to adopt and model in the workplace. The actions are suggested strategies for managers to use in the workplace when engaging with workplace incivility. I discuss suggestions and implications of the research in the concluding remarks.
Graduate
0617
0344
0534
lynn_86@msn.com

The thesis deals with verbal communication skills based on a respectful and partnership approach to students, through a multi-case study of two selected teachers at lower-secondary schools. The theoretical part is devoted to human communication, especially in terms of verbal and also marginally in terms of nonverbal. Introduces and describes the principles and tools of respectful, partnership and immediate communication. It draws attention to the possible effects of the disrespectful and authoritative approach of teachers on pupils' problematic behaviour and their ability to learn. The practical part, through a questionnaire survey and analysis of video recordings of lessons, presents the results of the influence of a respectful and partnership approach on the overall atmosphere in the classroom. In reference to the theoretical part of the work, it provides examples of transcribed monologues and dialogues containing elements of a partnership and respectful approach. Based on the triangulation of data, it was found out which elements of respectful and partner communication teachers use in their practice, and it was also proven that the application of these elements positively affects the atmosphere in school classrooms. Finally, the analysis of the questionnaire survey confirmed that teachers...

У кваліфікаційній магістерській роботі проаналізовано українськi казки як традицiйний засiб сiмейного виховання, якi мають серйозне значення у вихованнi дiтей у родинi. Розкрито сутність формування у дітей старшого дошкiльного віку шанобливого ставлення до батькiв засобами української казки. Теоретично обґрунтувано педагогiчні умови формування у дiтей старшого дошкiльного вiку шанобливого ставлення до батьків засобами української казки. Визначено критерiї, показники та рiвнi сформованості у дiтей старшого дошкiльного вiку шанобливого ставлення до батьків засобами української казки. Проведена експериментальна робота засвідчує ефективнiсть застосування педагогiчних умов формування у дiтей старшого дошкiльного вiку шанобливого ставлення до дорослих, що спирається на високий виховний потенцiал відповідних українських казок.
The qualification master's thesis analyzes Ukrainian fairy tales as the traditional means of family upbringing, which have the serious importance in the upbringing of children in the family. The essence of the formation of the respectful attitude in the children of senior preschool age to the parents was opened with the means of the Ukrainian fairy tale. The pedagogical conditions of the formation of the respectful attitude in children of senior preschool age to the parents were theoretically substantiated with the means of the Ukrainian fairy tale. The criteria, indicators and the levels of the formation of the respectful attitude in children of senior preschool age to the parents were defined with the means of the Ukrainian fairy tale. The conducted experimental work testifies to the effectiveness of the application of pedagogical conditions for the formation of the respectful attitude in children of senior preschool age to adults, which is based on the high educational potential of the relevant Ukrainian fairy tales.

In South African schools various factors influence relationships between facilitators and learners, compounding their frustrations: class sizes, cultural and language barriers, and hierarchical power/knowledge relations. These problems have led to a polarisation between facilitators and learners which could cause facilitators to experience a lack of appreciation and agency. Learners participated in this qualitative study experienced themselves as without voices, and wanted to be acknowledged as people with worthwhile knowledges of their own. This report shows how the therapist and participants engaged in a participatory process of narrative co-search during individual and group conversations where social construction of knowledges and practices of acknowledgement and care, enchanced by letters and externalising conversations, led to the co-creation of a better understanding of one another. This resulted in a more caring, supportive and acknowledging school community, where facilitators re-connected with their preferred stories, and learners found acknowledgement for their own knowledge and preferred ways of living.
Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology with specialisation in Pastoral Theology)

South African schools provide an enormous challenge for transformation towards inclusive and caring communities of learners, facilitators and caregivers. This qualitative study conducted at a primary school used narrative pastoral therapy-as-research and participatory action research-as-therapy to develop inclusive and caring practices. Co-authoring conversations with learners and caregivers from a diverse cultural and religious traditions and collaborating with facilitators challenged me to develop pastoral care as political care. This paved a way for future transformation of a school as a multi-religious community of care and respect. I engaged with participants in finding alternative ways of dealing with loss due to death of loved ones or separartion from caregivers. Children with chronic illness challenged their experiences of rejection and marginalisation at school by writing and producing a play while those whose voices were silenced chose other ways to inform learners and facilitators about their illness.
Practical Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)